1 /*
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  3  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  4  *
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  8  * particular file as subject to the "Classpath" exception as provided
  9  * by Oracle in the LICENSE file that accompanied this code.
 10  *
 11  * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
 12  * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
 13  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
 14  * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
 15  * accompanied this code).
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 25 
 26 package java.lang.invoke;
 27 
 28 import java.io.Serializable;
 29 import java.lang.classfile.ClassBuilder;
 30 import java.util.Arrays;
 31 import java.lang.reflect.Array;
 32 import java.util.Objects;
 33 import java.util.function.Function;
 34 
 35 import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.AOTSafeClassInitializer;
 36 
 37 /**
 38  * <p>Methods to facilitate the creation of simple "function objects" that
 39  * implement one or more interfaces by delegation to a provided {@link MethodHandle},
 40  * possibly after type adaptation and partial evaluation of arguments.  These
 41  * methods are typically used as <em>bootstrap methods</em> for {@code invokedynamic}
 42  * call sites, to support the <em>lambda expression</em> and <em>method
 43  * reference expression</em> features of the Java Programming Language.
 44  *
 45  * <p>Indirect access to the behavior specified by the provided {@code MethodHandle}
 46  * proceeds in order through three phases:
 47  * <ul>
 48  *     <li><p><em>Linkage</em> occurs when the methods in this class are invoked.
 49  *     They take as arguments an interface to be implemented (typically a
 50  *     <em>functional interface</em>, one with a single abstract method), a
 51  *     name and signature of a method from that interface to be implemented, a
 52  *     {@linkplain MethodHandleInfo direct method handle} describing the desired
 53  *     implementation behavior for that method, and possibly other additional
 54  *     metadata, and produce a {@link CallSite} whose target can be used to
 55  *     create suitable function objects.
 56  *
 57  *     <p>Linkage may involve dynamically loading a new class that implements
 58  *     the target interface, or re-using a suitable existing class.
 59  *
 60  *     <p>The {@code CallSite} can be considered a "factory" for function
 61  *     objects and so these linkage methods are referred to as
 62  *     "metafactories".</li>
 63  *
 64  *     <li><p><em>Capture</em> occurs when the {@code CallSite}'s target is
 65  *     invoked, typically through an {@code invokedynamic} call site,
 66  *     producing a function object. This may occur many times for
 67  *     a single factory {@code CallSite}.
 68  *
 69  *     <p>If the behavior {@code MethodHandle} has additional parameters beyond
 70  *     those of the specified interface method, these are referred to as
 71  *     <em>captured parameters</em>, which must be provided as arguments to the
 72  *     {@code CallSite} target. The expected number and types of captured
 73  *     parameters are determined during linkage.
 74  *
 75  *     <p>Capture may involve allocation of a new function object, or may return
 76  *     a suitable existing function object. The identity of a function object
 77  *     produced by capture is unpredictable, and therefore identity-sensitive
 78  *     operations (such as reference equality, object locking, and {@code
 79  *     System.identityHashCode()}) may produce different results in different
 80  *     implementations, or even upon different invocations in the same
 81  *     implementation.</li>
 82  *
 83  *     <li><p><em>Invocation</em> occurs when an implemented interface method is
 84  *     invoked on a function object. This may occur many times for a single
 85  *     function object. The method referenced by the implementation
 86  *     {@code MethodHandle} is invoked, passing to it the captured arguments and
 87  *     the invocation arguments. The result of the method is returned.
 88  *     </li>
 89  * </ul>
 90  *
 91  * <p>It is sometimes useful to restrict the set of inputs or results permitted
 92  * at invocation.  For example, when the generic interface {@code Predicate<T>}
 93  * is parameterized as {@code Predicate<String>}, the input must be a
 94  * {@code String}, even though the method to implement allows any {@code Object}.
 95  * At linkage time, an additional {@link MethodType} parameter describes the
 96  * "dynamic" method type; on invocation, the arguments and eventual result
 97  * are checked against this {@code MethodType}.
 98  *
 99  * <p>This class provides two forms of linkage methods: a standard version
100  * ({@link #metafactory(MethodHandles.Lookup, String, MethodType, MethodType, MethodHandle, MethodType)})
101  * using an optimized protocol, and an alternate version
102  * {@link #altMetafactory(MethodHandles.Lookup, String, MethodType, Object...)}).
103  * The alternate version is a generalization of the standard version, providing
104  * additional control over the behavior of the generated function objects via
105  * flags and additional arguments.  The alternate version adds the ability to
106  * manage the following attributes of function objects:
107  *
108  * <ul>
109  *     <li><em>Multiple methods.</em>  It is sometimes useful to implement multiple
110  *     variations of the method signature, involving argument or return type
111  *     adaptation.  This occurs when multiple distinct VM signatures for a method
112  *     are logically considered to be the same method by the language.  The
113  *     flag {@code FLAG_BRIDGES} indicates that a list of additional
114  *     {@code MethodType}s will be provided, each of which will be implemented
115  *     by the resulting function object.  These methods will share the same
116  *     name and instantiated type.</li>
117  *
118  *     <li><em>Multiple interfaces.</em>  If needed, more than one interface
119  *     can be implemented by the function object.  (These additional interfaces
120  *     are typically marker interfaces with no methods.)  The flag {@code FLAG_MARKERS}
121  *     indicates that a list of additional interfaces will be provided, each of
122  *     which should be implemented by the resulting function object.</li>
123  *
124  *     <li><em>Serializability.</em>  The generated function objects do not
125  *     generally support serialization.  If desired, {@code FLAG_SERIALIZABLE}
126  *     can be used to indicate that the function objects should be serializable.
127  *     Serializable function objects will use, as their serialized form,
128  *     instances of the class {@code SerializedLambda}, which requires additional
129  *     assistance from the capturing class (the class described by the
130  *     {@link MethodHandles.Lookup} parameter {@code caller}); see
131  *     {@link SerializedLambda} for details.</li>
132  * </ul>
133  *
134  * <p>Assume the linkage arguments are as follows:
135  * <ul>
136  *      <li>{@code factoryType} (describing the {@code CallSite} signature) has
137  *      K parameters of types (D1..Dk) and return type Rd;</li>
138  *      <li>{@code interfaceMethodType} (describing the implemented method type) has N
139  *      parameters, of types (U1..Un) and return type Ru;</li>
140  *      <li>{@code implementation} (the {@code MethodHandle} providing the
141  *      implementation) has M parameters, of types (A1..Am) and return type Ra
142  *      (if the method describes an instance method, the method type of this
143  *      method handle already includes an extra first argument corresponding to
144  *      the receiver);</li>
145  *      <li>{@code dynamicMethodType} (allowing restrictions on invocation)
146  *      has N parameters, of types (T1..Tn) and return type Rt.</li>
147  * </ul>
148  *
149  * <p>Then the following linkage invariants must hold:
150  * <ul>
151  *     <li>{@code interfaceMethodType} and {@code dynamicMethodType} have the same
152  *     arity N, and for i=1..N, Ti and Ui are the same type, or Ti and Ui are
153  *     both reference types and Ti is a subtype of Ui</li>
154  *     <li>Either Rt and Ru are the same type, or both are reference types and
155  *     Rt is a subtype of Ru</li>
156  *     <li>K + N = M</li>
157  *     <li>For i=1..K, Di = Ai</li>
158  *     <li>For i=1..N, Ti is adaptable to Aj, where j=i+k</li>
159  *     <li>The return type Rt is void, or the return type Ra is not void and is
160  *     adaptable to Rt</li>
161  * </ul>
162  *
163  * <p>Further, at capture time, if {@code implementation} corresponds to an instance
164  * method, and there are any capture arguments ({@code K > 0}), then the first
165  * capture argument (corresponding to the receiver) must be non-null.
166  *
167  * <p>A type Q is considered adaptable to S as follows:
168  * <table class="striped">
169  *   <caption style="display:none">adaptable types</caption>
170  *   <thead>
171  *     <tr><th scope="col">Q</th><th scope="col">S</th><th scope="col">Link-time checks</th><th scope="col">Invocation-time checks</th></tr>
172  *   </thead>
173  *   <tbody>
174  *     <tr>
175  *         <th scope="row">Primitive</th><th scope="row">Primitive</th>
176  *         <td>Q can be converted to S via a primitive widening conversion</td>
177  *         <td>None</td>
178  *     </tr>
179  *     <tr>
180  *         <th scope="row">Primitive</th><th scope="row">Reference</th>
181  *         <td>S is a supertype of the Wrapper(Q)</td>
182  *         <td>Cast from Wrapper(Q) to S</td>
183  *     </tr>
184  *     <tr>
185  *         <th scope="row">Reference</th><th scope="row">Primitive</th>
186  *         <td>for parameter types: Q is a primitive wrapper and Primitive(Q)
187  *         can be widened to S
188  *         <br>for return types: If Q is a primitive wrapper, check that
189  *         Primitive(Q) can be widened to S</td>
190  *         <td>If Q is not a primitive wrapper, cast Q to the base Wrapper(S);
191  *         for example Number for numeric types</td>
192  *     </tr>
193  *     <tr>
194  *         <th scope="row">Reference</th><th scope="row">Reference</th>
195  *         <td>for parameter types: S is a supertype of Q
196  *         <br>for return types: none</td>
197  *         <td>Cast from Q to S</td>
198  *     </tr>
199  *   </tbody>
200  * </table>
201  *
202  * @apiNote These linkage methods are designed to support the evaluation
203  * of <em>lambda expressions</em> and <em>method references</em> in the Java
204  * Language.  For every lambda expressions or method reference in the source code,
205  * there is a target type which is a functional interface.  Evaluating a lambda
206  * expression produces an object of its target type. The recommended mechanism
207  * for evaluating lambda expressions is to desugar the lambda body to a method,
208  * invoke an invokedynamic call site whose static argument list describes the
209  * sole method of the functional interface and the desugared implementation
210  * method, and returns an object (the lambda object) that implements the target
211  * type. (For method references, the implementation method is simply the
212  * referenced method; no desugaring is needed.)
213  *
214  * <p>The argument list of the implementation method and the argument list of
215  * the interface method(s) may differ in several ways.  The implementation
216  * methods may have additional arguments to accommodate arguments captured by
217  * the lambda expression; there may also be differences resulting from permitted
218  * adaptations of arguments, such as casting, boxing, unboxing, and primitive
219  * widening. (Varargs adaptations are not handled by the metafactories; these are
220  * expected to be handled by the caller.)
221  *
222  * <p>Invokedynamic call sites have two argument lists: a static argument list
223  * and a dynamic argument list.  The static argument list is stored in the
224  * constant pool; the dynamic argument is pushed on the operand stack at capture
225  * time.  The bootstrap method has access to the entire static argument list
226  * (which in this case, includes information describing the implementation method,
227  * the target interface, and the target interface method(s)), as well as a
228  * method signature describing the number and static types (but not the values)
229  * of the dynamic arguments and the static return type of the invokedynamic site.
230  *
231  * <p>The implementation method is described with a direct method handle
232  * referencing a method or constructor. In theory, any method handle could be
233  * used, but this is not compatible with some implementation techniques and
234  * would complicate the work implementations must do.
235  *
236  * <p>Uses besides evaluation of lambda expressions and method references are
237  * unintended.  These linkage methods may change their unspecified behaviors at
238  * any time to better suit the Java language features they were designed to
239  * support, and such changes may impact unintended uses.  Unintended uses of
240  * these linkage methods may lead to resource leaks, or other unspecified
241  * negative effects.
242  *
243  * @implNote In the reference implementation, the classes implementing the created
244  * function objects are strongly reachable from the defining class loader of the
245  * caller, like classes and interfaces in Java source code.  This technique
246  * reduces heap memory use, but as a consequence, the implementation classes can
247  * be unloaded only if the caller class can be unloaded.  In particular, if the
248  * caller is a {@linkplain MethodHandles.Lookup.ClassOption#STRONG weak hidden
249  * class}, the implementation class, a strong hidden class, may not be unloaded
250  * even if the caller may be unloaded.
251  *
252  * @since 1.8
253  */
254 @AOTSafeClassInitializer
255 public final class LambdaMetafactory {
256 
257     private LambdaMetafactory() {}
258 
259     /** Flag for {@link #altMetafactory} indicating the lambda object
260      * must be serializable */
261     public static final int FLAG_SERIALIZABLE = 1 << 0;
262 
263     /**
264      * Flag for {@link #altMetafactory} indicating the lambda object implements
265      * other interfaces besides {@code Serializable}
266      */
267     public static final int FLAG_MARKERS = 1 << 1;
268 
269     /**
270      * Flag for alternate metafactories indicating the lambda object requires
271      * additional methods that invoke the {@code implementation}
272      */
273     public static final int FLAG_BRIDGES = 1 << 2;
274 
275     private static final Class<?>[] EMPTY_CLASS_ARRAY = new Class<?>[0];
276     private static final MethodType[] EMPTY_MT_ARRAY = new MethodType[0];
277 
278     // LambdaMetafactory bootstrap methods are startup sensitive, and may be
279     // special cased in java.lang.invoke.BootstrapMethodInvoker to ensure
280     // methods are invoked with exact type information to avoid generating
281     // code for runtime checks. Take care any changes or additions here are
282     // reflected there as appropriate.
283 
284     /**
285      * Facilitates the creation of simple "function objects" that implement one
286      * or more interfaces by delegation to a provided {@link MethodHandle},
287      * after appropriate type adaptation and partial evaluation of arguments.
288      * Typically used as a <em>bootstrap method</em> for {@code invokedynamic}
289      * call sites, to support the <em>lambda expression</em> and <em>method
290      * reference expression</em> features of the Java Programming Language.
291      *
292      * <p>This is the standard, streamlined metafactory; additional flexibility
293      * is provided by {@link #altMetafactory(MethodHandles.Lookup, String, MethodType, Object...)}.
294      * A general description of the behavior of this method is provided
295      * {@link LambdaMetafactory above}.
296      *
297      * <p>When the target of the {@code CallSite} returned from this method is
298      * invoked, the resulting function objects are instances of a class which
299      * implements the interface named by the return type of {@code factoryType},
300      * declares a method with the name given by {@code interfaceMethodName} and the
301      * signature given by {@code interfaceMethodType}.  It may also override additional
302      * methods from {@code Object}.
303      *
304      * @param caller Represents a lookup context with the accessibility
305      *               privileges of the caller.  Specifically, the lookup context
306      *               must have {@linkplain MethodHandles.Lookup#hasFullPrivilegeAccess()
307      *               full privilege access}.
308      *               When used with {@code invokedynamic}, this is stacked
309      *               automatically by the VM.
310      * @param interfaceMethodName The name of the method to implement.  When used with
311      *                            {@code invokedynamic}, this is provided by the
312      *                            {@code NameAndType} of the {@code InvokeDynamic}
313      *                            structure and is stacked automatically by the VM.
314      * @param factoryType The expected signature of the {@code CallSite}.  The
315      *                    parameter types represent the types of capture variables;
316      *                    the return type is the interface to implement.   When
317      *                    used with {@code invokedynamic}, this is provided by
318      *                    the {@code NameAndType} of the {@code InvokeDynamic}
319      *                    structure and is stacked automatically by the VM.
320      * @param interfaceMethodType Signature and return type of method to be
321      *                            implemented by the function object.
322      * @param implementation A direct method handle describing the implementation
323      *                       method which should be called (with suitable adaptation
324      *                       of argument types and return types, and with captured
325      *                       arguments prepended to the invocation arguments) at
326      *                       invocation time.
327      * @param dynamicMethodType The signature and return type that should
328      *                          be enforced dynamically at invocation time.
329      *                          In simple use cases this is the same as
330      *                          {@code interfaceMethodType}.
331      * @return a CallSite whose target can be used to perform capture, generating
332      *         instances of the interface named by {@code factoryType}
333      * @throws LambdaConversionException If {@code caller} does not have full privilege
334      *         access, or if {@code interfaceMethodName} is not a valid JVM
335      *         method name, or if the return type of {@code factoryType} is not
336      *         an interface, or if {@code implementation} is not a direct method
337      *         handle referencing a method or constructor, or if the linkage
338      *         invariants are violated, as defined {@link LambdaMetafactory above}.
339      * @throws NullPointerException If any argument is {@code null}.
340      */
341     public static CallSite metafactory(MethodHandles.Lookup caller,
342                                        String interfaceMethodName,
343                                        MethodType factoryType,
344                                        MethodType interfaceMethodType,
345                                        MethodHandle implementation,
346                                        MethodType dynamicMethodType)
347             throws LambdaConversionException {
348         return metafactoryInternal(caller, interfaceMethodName, factoryType, interfaceMethodType,
349                 implementation, dynamicMethodType, null);
350     }
351 
352     static CallSite metafactoryInternal(MethodHandles.Lookup caller,
353                                         String interfaceMethodName,
354                                         MethodType factoryType,
355                                         MethodType interfaceMethodType,
356                                         MethodHandle implementation,
357                                         MethodType dynamicMethodType,
358                                         Function<ClassBuilder, Object> finisher)
359             throws LambdaConversionException {
360         AbstractValidatingLambdaMetafactory mf = new InnerClassLambdaMetafactory(
361                 Objects.requireNonNull(caller),
362                 Objects.requireNonNull(factoryType),
363                 Objects.requireNonNull(interfaceMethodName),
364                 Objects.requireNonNull(interfaceMethodType),
365                 Objects.requireNonNull(implementation),
366                 Objects.requireNonNull(dynamicMethodType),
367                 false,
368                 EMPTY_CLASS_ARRAY,
369                 EMPTY_MT_ARRAY,
370                 finisher);
371         mf.validateMetafactoryArgs();
372         return mf.buildCallSite();
373     }
374 
375     /**
376      * Facilitates the creation of simple "function objects" that implement one
377      * or more interfaces by delegation to a provided {@link MethodHandle},
378      * after appropriate type adaptation and partial evaluation of arguments.
379      * Typically used as a <em>bootstrap method</em> for {@code invokedynamic}
380      * call sites, to support the <em>lambda expression</em> and <em>method
381      * reference expression</em> features of the Java Programming Language.
382      *
383      * <p>This is the general, more flexible metafactory; a streamlined version
384      * is provided by {@link #metafactory(java.lang.invoke.MethodHandles.Lookup,
385      * String, MethodType, MethodType, MethodHandle, MethodType)}.
386      * A general description of the behavior of this method is provided
387      * {@link LambdaMetafactory above}.
388      *
389      * <p>The argument list for this method includes three fixed parameters,
390      * corresponding to the parameters automatically stacked by the VM for the
391      * bootstrap method in an {@code invokedynamic} invocation, and an {@code Object[]}
392      * parameter that contains additional parameters.  The declared argument
393      * list for this method is:
394      *
395      * <pre>{@code
396      *  CallSite altMetafactory(MethodHandles.Lookup caller,
397      *                          String interfaceMethodName,
398      *                          MethodType factoryType,
399      *                          Object... args)
400      * }</pre>
401      *
402      * <p>but it behaves as if the argument list is as follows:
403      *
404      * <pre>{@code
405      *  CallSite altMetafactory(MethodHandles.Lookup caller,
406      *                          String interfaceMethodName,
407      *                          MethodType factoryType,
408      *                          MethodType interfaceMethodType,
409      *                          MethodHandle implementation,
410      *                          MethodType dynamicMethodType,
411      *                          int flags,
412      *                          int altInterfaceCount,        // IF flags has MARKERS set
413      *                          Class... altInterfaces,       // IF flags has MARKERS set
414      *                          int altMethodCount,           // IF flags has BRIDGES set
415      *                          MethodType... altMethods      // IF flags has BRIDGES set
416      *                          )
417      * }</pre>
418      *
419      * <p>Arguments that appear in the argument list for
420      * {@link #metafactory(MethodHandles.Lookup, String, MethodType, MethodType, MethodHandle, MethodType)}
421      * have the same specification as in that method.  The additional arguments
422      * are interpreted as follows:
423      * <ul>
424      *     <li>{@code flags} indicates additional options; this is a bitwise
425      *     OR of desired flags.  Defined flags are {@link #FLAG_BRIDGES},
426      *     {@link #FLAG_MARKERS}, and {@link #FLAG_SERIALIZABLE}.</li>
427      *     <li>{@code altInterfaceCount} is the number of additional interfaces
428      *     the function object should implement, and is present if and only if the
429      *     {@code FLAG_MARKERS} flag is set.</li>
430      *     <li>{@code altInterfaces} is a variable-length list of additional
431      *     interfaces to implement, whose length equals {@code altInterfaceCount},
432      *     and is present if and only if the {@code FLAG_MARKERS} flag is set.</li>
433      *     <li>{@code altMethodCount} is the number of additional method signatures
434      *     the function object should implement, and is present if and only if
435      *     the {@code FLAG_BRIDGES} flag is set.</li>
436      *     <li>{@code altMethods} is a variable-length list of additional
437      *     methods signatures to implement, whose length equals {@code altMethodCount},
438      *     and is present if and only if the {@code FLAG_BRIDGES} flag is set.</li>
439      * </ul>
440      *
441      * <p>Each class named by {@code altInterfaces} is subject to the same
442      * restrictions as {@code Rd}, the return type of {@code factoryType},
443      * as described {@link LambdaMetafactory above}.  Each {@code MethodType}
444      * named by {@code altMethods} is subject to the same restrictions as
445      * {@code interfaceMethodType}, as described {@link LambdaMetafactory above}.
446      *
447      * <p>When FLAG_SERIALIZABLE is set in {@code flags}, the function objects
448      * will implement {@code Serializable}, and will have a {@code writeReplace}
449      * method that returns an appropriate {@link SerializedLambda}.  The
450      * {@code caller} class must have an appropriate {@code $deserializeLambda$}
451      * method, as described in {@link SerializedLambda}.
452      *
453      * <p>When the target of the {@code CallSite} returned from this method is
454      * invoked, the resulting function objects are instances of a class with
455      * the following properties:
456      * <ul>
457      *     <li>The class implements the interface named by the return type
458      *     of {@code factoryType} and any interfaces named by {@code altInterfaces}</li>
459      *     <li>The class declares methods with the name given by {@code interfaceMethodName},
460      *     and the signature given by {@code interfaceMethodType} and additional signatures
461      *     given by {@code altMethods}</li>
462      *     <li>The class may override methods from {@code Object}, and may
463      *     implement methods related to serialization.</li>
464      * </ul>
465      *
466      * @param caller Represents a lookup context with the accessibility
467      *               privileges of the caller.  Specifically, the lookup context
468      *               must have {@linkplain MethodHandles.Lookup#hasFullPrivilegeAccess()
469      *               full privilege access}.
470      *               When used with {@code invokedynamic}, this is stacked
471      *               automatically by the VM.
472      * @param interfaceMethodName The name of the method to implement.  When used with
473      *                            {@code invokedynamic}, this is provided by the
474      *                            {@code NameAndType} of the {@code InvokeDynamic}
475      *                            structure and is stacked automatically by the VM.
476      * @param factoryType The expected signature of the {@code CallSite}.  The
477      *                    parameter types represent the types of capture variables;
478      *                    the return type is the interface to implement.   When
479      *                    used with {@code invokedynamic}, this is provided by
480      *                    the {@code NameAndType} of the {@code InvokeDynamic}
481      *                    structure and is stacked automatically by the VM.
482      * @param  args An array of {@code Object} containing the required
483      *              arguments {@code interfaceMethodType}, {@code implementation},
484      *              {@code dynamicMethodType}, {@code flags}, and any
485      *              optional arguments, as described above
486      * @return a CallSite whose target can be used to perform capture, generating
487      *         instances of the interface named by {@code factoryType}
488      * @throws LambdaConversionException If {@code caller} does not have full privilege
489      *         access, or if {@code interfaceMethodName} is not a valid JVM
490      *         method name, or if the return type of {@code factoryType} is not
491      *         an interface, or if any of {@code altInterfaces} is not an
492      *         interface, or if {@code implementation} is not a direct method
493      *         handle referencing a method or constructor, or if the linkage
494      *         invariants are violated, as defined {@link LambdaMetafactory above}.
495      * @throws NullPointerException If any argument, or any component of {@code args},
496      *         is {@code null}.
497      * @throws IllegalArgumentException If the number or types of the components
498      *         of {@code args} do not follow the above rules, or if
499      *         {@code altInterfaceCount} or {@code altMethodCount} are negative
500      *         integers.
501      */
502     public static CallSite altMetafactory(MethodHandles.Lookup caller,
503                                           String interfaceMethodName,
504                                           MethodType factoryType,
505                                           Object... args)
506             throws LambdaConversionException {
507         return altMetafactoryInternal(caller, interfaceMethodName, factoryType, null, args);
508     }
509 
510     static CallSite altMetafactoryInternal(MethodHandles.Lookup caller,
511                                            String interfaceMethodName,
512                                            MethodType factoryType,
513                                            Function<ClassBuilder, Object> finisher,
514                                            Object... args)
515             throws LambdaConversionException {
516         Objects.requireNonNull(caller);
517         Objects.requireNonNull(interfaceMethodName);
518         Objects.requireNonNull(factoryType);
519         Objects.requireNonNull(args);
520         int argIndex = 0;
521         MethodType interfaceMethodType = extractArg(args, argIndex++, MethodType.class);
522         MethodHandle implementation = extractArg(args, argIndex++, MethodHandle.class);
523         MethodType dynamicMethodType = extractArg(args, argIndex++, MethodType.class);
524         int flags = extractArg(args, argIndex++, Integer.class);
525         Class<?>[] altInterfaces = EMPTY_CLASS_ARRAY;
526         MethodType[] altMethods = EMPTY_MT_ARRAY;
527         if ((flags & FLAG_MARKERS) != 0) {
528             int altInterfaceCount = extractArg(args, argIndex++, Integer.class);
529             if (altInterfaceCount < 0) {
530                 throw new IllegalArgumentException("negative argument count");
531             }
532             if (altInterfaceCount > 0) {
533                 altInterfaces = extractArgs(args, argIndex, Class.class, altInterfaceCount);
534                 argIndex += altInterfaceCount;
535             }
536         }
537         if ((flags & FLAG_BRIDGES) != 0) {
538             int altMethodCount = extractArg(args, argIndex++, Integer.class);
539             if (altMethodCount < 0) {
540                 throw new IllegalArgumentException("negative argument count");
541             }
542             if (altMethodCount > 0) {
543                 altMethods = extractArgs(args, argIndex, MethodType.class, altMethodCount);
544                 argIndex += altMethodCount;
545             }
546         }
547         if (argIndex < args.length) {
548             throw new IllegalArgumentException("too many arguments");
549         }
550 
551         boolean isSerializable = ((flags & FLAG_SERIALIZABLE) != 0);
552         if (isSerializable) {
553             boolean foundSerializableSupertype = Serializable.class.isAssignableFrom(factoryType.returnType());
554             for (Class<?> c : altInterfaces)
555                 foundSerializableSupertype |= Serializable.class.isAssignableFrom(c);
556             if (!foundSerializableSupertype) {
557                 altInterfaces = Arrays.copyOf(altInterfaces, altInterfaces.length + 1);
558                 altInterfaces[altInterfaces.length-1] = Serializable.class;
559             }
560         }
561 
562         AbstractValidatingLambdaMetafactory mf
563                 = new InnerClassLambdaMetafactory(caller,
564                                                   factoryType,
565                                                   interfaceMethodName,
566                                                   interfaceMethodType,
567                                                   implementation,
568                                                   dynamicMethodType,
569                                                   isSerializable,
570                                                   altInterfaces,
571                                                   altMethods,
572                                                   finisher);
573         mf.validateMetafactoryArgs();
574         return mf.buildCallSite();
575     }
576 
577     private static <T> T extractArg(Object[] args, int index, Class<T> type) {
578         if (index >= args.length) {
579             throw new IllegalArgumentException("missing argument");
580         }
581         Object result = Objects.requireNonNull(args[index]);
582         if (!type.isInstance(result)) {
583             throw new IllegalArgumentException("argument has wrong type");
584         }
585         return type.cast(result);
586     }
587 
588     private static <T> T[] extractArgs(Object[] args, int index, Class<T> type, int count) {
589         @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
590         T[] result = (T[]) Array.newInstance(type, count);
591         for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
592             result[i] = extractArg(args, index + i, type);
593         }
594         return result;
595     }
596 
597 }