1 /*
   2  * Copyright (c) 1999, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
   3  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
   4  *
   5  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
   6  * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
   7  * published by the Free Software Foundation.  Oracle designates this
   8  * particular file as subject to the "Classpath" exception as provided
   9  * by Oracle in the LICENSE file that accompanied this code.
  10  *
  11  * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
  12  * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
  13  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
  14  * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
  15  * accompanied this code).
  16  *
  17  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
  18  * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
  19  * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
  20  *
  21  * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
  22  * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
  23  * questions.
  24  */
  25 
  26 package com.sun.tools.javac.comp;
  27 
  28 
  29 import com.sun.source.tree.MemberReferenceTree.ReferenceMode;
  30 import com.sun.tools.javac.code.*;
  31 import com.sun.tools.javac.code.Attribute.TypeCompound;

  32 import com.sun.tools.javac.code.Symbol.*;
  33 import com.sun.tools.javac.code.Type.TypeVar;
  34 import com.sun.tools.javac.jvm.Target;
  35 import com.sun.tools.javac.tree.*;
  36 import com.sun.tools.javac.tree.JCTree.*;
  37 import com.sun.tools.javac.tree.JCTree.JCMemberReference.ReferenceKind;
  38 import com.sun.tools.javac.util.*;
  39 import com.sun.tools.javac.util.JCDiagnostic.DiagnosticPosition;
  40 import com.sun.tools.javac.util.List;
  41 
  42 import static com.sun.tools.javac.code.Flags.*;
  43 import static com.sun.tools.javac.code.Kinds.Kind.*;
  44 import static com.sun.tools.javac.code.Scope.LookupKind.NON_RECURSIVE;
  45 import static com.sun.tools.javac.code.TypeTag.CLASS;
  46 import static com.sun.tools.javac.code.TypeTag.TYPEVAR;
  47 import static com.sun.tools.javac.code.TypeTag.VOID;
  48 import static com.sun.tools.javac.comp.CompileStates.CompileState;
  49 import com.sun.tools.javac.tree.JCTree.JCBreak;
  50 


  51 /** This pass translates Generic Java to conventional Java.
  52  *
  53  *  <p><b>This is NOT part of any supported API.
  54  *  If you write code that depends on this, you do so at your own risk.
  55  *  This code and its internal interfaces are subject to change or
  56  *  deletion without notice.</b>
  57  */
  58 public class TransTypes extends TreeTranslator {
  59     /** The context key for the TransTypes phase. */
  60     protected static final Context.Key<TransTypes> transTypesKey = new Context.Key<>();
  61 
  62     /** Get the instance for this context. */
  63     public static TransTypes instance(Context context) {
  64         TransTypes instance = context.get(transTypesKey);
  65         if (instance == null)
  66             instance = new TransTypes(context);
  67         return instance;
  68     }
  69 
  70     private Names names;
  71     private Log log;
  72     private Symtab syms;
  73     private TreeMaker make;
  74     private Enter enter;
  75     private Types types;
  76     private Annotate annotate;
  77     private Attr attr;
  78     private final Resolve resolve;
  79     private final CompileStates compileStates;
  80     private final Target target;
  81 
  82     @SuppressWarnings("this-escape")
  83     protected TransTypes(Context context) {
  84         context.put(transTypesKey, this);
  85         compileStates = CompileStates.instance(context);
  86         names = Names.instance(context);
  87         log = Log.instance(context);
  88         syms = Symtab.instance(context);
  89         enter = Enter.instance(context);
  90         types = Types.instance(context);
  91         make = TreeMaker.instance(context);
  92         resolve = Resolve.instance(context);
  93         annotate = Annotate.instance(context);
  94         attr = Attr.instance(context);
  95         target = Target.instance(context);
  96     }
  97 
  98     /** Construct an attributed tree for a cast of expression to target type,
  99      *  unless it already has precisely that type.
 100      *  @param tree    The expression tree.
 101      *  @param target  The target type.
 102      */
 103     JCExpression cast(JCExpression tree, Type target) {
 104         int oldpos = make.pos;
 105         make.at(tree.pos);
 106         if (!types.isSameType(tree.type, target)) {
 107             if (!resolve.isAccessible(env, target.tsym))
 108                 resolve.logAccessErrorInternal(env, tree, target);
 109             tree = make.TypeCast(make.Type(target), tree).setType(target);
 110         }
 111         make.pos = oldpos;
 112         return tree;
 113     }
 114 
 115     /** Construct an attributed tree to coerce an expression to some erased
 116      *  target type, unless the expression is already assignable to that type.
 117      *  If target type is a constant type, use its base type instead.
 118      *  @param tree    The expression tree.
 119      *  @param target  The target type.
 120      */
 121     public JCExpression coerce(Env<AttrContext> env, JCExpression tree, Type target) {
 122         Env<AttrContext> prevEnv = this.env;
 123         try {
 124             this.env = env;
 125             return coerce(tree, target);
 126         }
 127         finally {
 128             this.env = prevEnv;
 129         }
 130     }
 131     JCExpression coerce(JCExpression tree, Type target) {
 132         Type btarget = target.baseType();
 133         if (tree.type.isPrimitive() == target.isPrimitive()) {
 134             return types.isAssignable(tree.type, btarget, types.noWarnings)
 135                 ? tree
 136                 : cast(tree, btarget);
 137         }
 138         return tree;
 139     }
 140 
 141     /** Given an erased reference type, assume this type as the tree's type.
 142      *  Then, coerce to some given target type unless target type is null.
 143      *  This operation is used in situations like the following:
 144      *
 145      *  <pre>{@code
 146      *  class Cell<A> { A value; }
 147      *  ...
 148      *  Cell<Integer> cell;
 149      *  Integer x = cell.value;
 150      *  }</pre>
 151      *
 152      *  Since the erasure of Cell.value is Object, but the type
 153      *  of cell.value in the assignment is Integer, we need to
 154      *  adjust the original type of cell.value to Object, and insert
 155      *  a cast to Integer. That is, the last assignment becomes:
 156      *
 157      *  <pre>{@code
 158      *  Integer x = (Integer)cell.value;
 159      *  }</pre>
 160      *
 161      *  @param tree       The expression tree whose type might need adjustment.
 162      *  @param erasedType The expression's type after erasure.
 163      *  @param target     The target type, which is usually the erasure of the
 164      *                    expression's original type.
 165      */
 166     JCExpression retype(JCExpression tree, Type erasedType, Type target) {
 167 //      System.err.println("retype " + tree + " to " + erasedType);//DEBUG
 168         if (!erasedType.isPrimitive()) {
 169             if (target != null && target.isPrimitive()) {
 170                 target = erasure(tree.type);
 171             }
 172             tree.type = erasedType;
 173             if (target != null) {
 174                 return coerce(tree, target);
 175             }
 176         }
 177         return tree;
 178     }
 179 
 180     /** Translate method argument list, casting each argument
 181      *  to its corresponding type in a list of target types.
 182      *  @param _args            The method argument list.
 183      *  @param parameters       The list of target types.
 184      *  @param varargsElement   The erasure of the varargs element type,
 185      *  or null if translating a non-varargs invocation
 186      */
 187     <T extends JCTree> List<T> translateArgs(List<T> _args,
 188                                            List<Type> parameters,
 189                                            Type varargsElement) {
 190         if (parameters.isEmpty()) return _args;
 191         List<T> args = _args;
 192         while (parameters.tail.nonEmpty()) {
 193             args.head = translate(args.head, parameters.head);
 194             args = args.tail;
 195             parameters = parameters.tail;
 196         }
 197         Type parameter = parameters.head;
 198         Assert.check(varargsElement != null || args.length() == 1);
 199         if (varargsElement != null) {
 200             while (args.nonEmpty()) {
 201                 args.head = translate(args.head, varargsElement);
 202                 args = args.tail;
 203             }
 204         } else {
 205             args.head = translate(args.head, parameter);
 206         }
 207         return _args;
 208     }
 209 
 210     public <T extends JCTree> List<T> translateArgs(List<T> _args,
 211                                            List<Type> parameters,
 212                                            Type varargsElement,
 213                                            Env<AttrContext> localEnv) {
 214         Env<AttrContext> prevEnv = env;
 215         try {
 216             env = localEnv;
 217             return translateArgs(_args, parameters, varargsElement);
 218         }
 219         finally {
 220             env = prevEnv;
 221         }
 222     }
 223 
 224     /** Add a bridge definition and enter corresponding method symbol in
 225      *  local scope of origin.
 226      *
 227      *  @param pos     The source code position to be used for the definition.
 228      *  @param meth    The method for which a bridge needs to be added
 229      *  @param impl    That method's implementation (possibly the method itself)
 230      *  @param origin  The class to which the bridge will be added
 231      *  @param bridges The list buffer to which the bridge will be added
 232      */
 233     void addBridge(DiagnosticPosition pos,
 234                    MethodSymbol meth,
 235                    MethodSymbol impl,
 236                    ClassSymbol origin,
 237                    ListBuffer<JCTree> bridges) {
 238         make.at(pos);
 239         Type implTypeErasure = erasure(impl.type);
 240 
 241         // Create a bridge method symbol and a bridge definition without a body.
 242         Type bridgeType = meth.erasure(types);
 243         long flags = impl.flags() & AccessFlags | SYNTHETIC | BRIDGE |
 244                 (origin.isInterface() ? DEFAULT : 0);
 245         MethodSymbol bridge = new MethodSymbol(flags,
 246                                                meth.name,
 247                                                bridgeType,
 248                                                origin);
 249         /* once JDK-6996415 is solved it should be checked if this approach can
 250          * be applied to method addOverrideBridgesIfNeeded
 251          */
 252         bridge.params = createBridgeParams(impl, bridge, bridgeType);
 253         bridge.setAttributes(impl);
 254 
 255         JCMethodDecl md = make.MethodDef(bridge, null);
 256 
 257         // The bridge calls this.impl(..), if we have an implementation
 258         // in the current class, super.impl(...) otherwise.
 259         JCExpression receiver = (impl.owner == origin)
 260             ? make.This(origin.erasure(types))
 261             : make.Super(types.supertype(origin.type).tsym.erasure(types), origin);
 262 
 263         // The type returned from the original method.
 264         Type calltype = implTypeErasure.getReturnType();
 265 
 266         // Construct a call of  this.impl(params), or super.impl(params),
 267         // casting params and possibly results as needed.
 268         JCExpression call =
 269             make.Apply(
 270                        null,
 271                        make.Select(receiver, impl).setType(calltype),
 272                        translateArgs(make.Idents(md.params), implTypeErasure.getParameterTypes(), null))
 273             .setType(calltype);
 274         JCStatement stat = (implTypeErasure.getReturnType().hasTag(VOID))
 275             ? make.Exec(call)
 276             : make.Return(coerce(call, bridgeType.getReturnType()));
 277         md.body = make.Block(0, List.of(stat));
 278 
 279         // Add bridge to `bridges' buffer
 280         bridges.append(md);
 281 
 282         // Add bridge to scope of enclosing class and keep track of the bridge span.
 283         origin.members().enter(bridge);
 284     }
 285 
 286     private List<VarSymbol> createBridgeParams(MethodSymbol impl, MethodSymbol bridge,
 287             Type bridgeType) {
 288         List<VarSymbol> bridgeParams = null;
 289         if (impl.params != null) {
 290             bridgeParams = List.nil();
 291             List<VarSymbol> implParams = impl.params;
 292             Type.MethodType mType = (Type.MethodType)bridgeType;
 293             List<Type> argTypes = mType.argtypes;
 294             while (implParams.nonEmpty() && argTypes.nonEmpty()) {
 295                 VarSymbol param = new VarSymbol(implParams.head.flags() | SYNTHETIC | PARAMETER,
 296                         implParams.head.name, argTypes.head, bridge);
 297                 param.setAttributes(implParams.head);
 298                 bridgeParams = bridgeParams.append(param);
 299                 implParams = implParams.tail;
 300                 argTypes = argTypes.tail;
 301             }
 302         }
 303         return bridgeParams;
 304     }
 305 
 306     /** Add bridge if given symbol is a non-private, non-static member
 307      *  of the given class, which is either defined in the class or non-final
 308      *  inherited, and one of the two following conditions holds:
 309      *  1. The method's type changes in the given class, as compared to the
 310      *     class where the symbol was defined, (in this case
 311      *     we have extended a parameterized class with non-trivial parameters).
 312      *  2. The method has an implementation with a different erased return type.
 313      *     (in this case we have used co-variant returns).
 314      *  If a bridge already exists in some other class, no new bridge is added.
 315      *  Instead, it is checked that the bridge symbol overrides the method symbol.
 316      *  (Spec ???).
 317      *  todo: what about bridges for privates???
 318      *
 319      *  @param pos     The source code position to be used for the definition.
 320      *  @param sym     The symbol for which a bridge might have to be added.
 321      *  @param origin  The class in which the bridge would go.
 322      *  @param bridges The list buffer to which the bridge would be added.
 323      */
 324     void addBridgeIfNeeded(DiagnosticPosition pos,
 325                            Symbol sym,
 326                            ClassSymbol origin,
 327                            ListBuffer<JCTree> bridges) {
 328         if (sym.kind == MTH &&
 329                 sym.name != names.init &&
 330                 (sym.flags() & (PRIVATE | STATIC)) == 0 &&
 331                 (sym.flags() & SYNTHETIC) != SYNTHETIC &&
 332                 sym.isMemberOf(origin, types)) {
 333             MethodSymbol meth = (MethodSymbol)sym;
 334             MethodSymbol bridge = meth.binaryImplementation(origin, types);
 335             MethodSymbol impl = meth.implementation(origin, types, true);
 336             if (bridge == null ||
 337                 bridge == meth ||
 338                 (impl != null && !bridge.owner.isSubClass(impl.owner, types))) {
 339                 // No bridge was added yet.
 340                 if (impl != null && bridge != impl && isBridgeNeeded(meth, impl, origin.type)) {
 341                     addBridge(pos, meth, impl, origin, bridges);
 342                 } else if (impl == meth
 343                            && impl.owner != origin
 344                            && (impl.flags() & FINAL) == 0
 345                            && (meth.flags() & (ABSTRACT|PUBLIC)) == PUBLIC
 346                            && (origin.flags() & PUBLIC) > (impl.owner.flags() & PUBLIC)) {
 347                     // this is to work around a horrible but permanent
 348                     // reflection design error.
 349                     addBridge(pos, meth, impl, origin, bridges);
 350                 }
 351             }
 352         }
 353     }
 354     // where
 355 
 356         /**
 357          * @param method The symbol for which a bridge might have to be added
 358          * @param impl The implementation of method
 359          * @param dest The type in which the bridge would go
 360          */
 361         private boolean isBridgeNeeded(MethodSymbol method,
 362                                        MethodSymbol impl,
 363                                        Type dest) {
 364             if (impl != method) {
 365                 // If either method or impl have different erasures as
 366                 // members of dest, a bridge is needed.
 367                 Type method_erasure = method.erasure(types);
 368                 if (!isSameMemberWhenErased(dest, method, method_erasure))
 369                     return true;
 370                 Type impl_erasure = impl.erasure(types);
 371                 if (!isSameMemberWhenErased(dest, impl, impl_erasure))
 372                     return true;
 373 
 374                 /* Bottom line: A bridge is needed if the erasure of the implementation
 375                    is different from that of the method that it overrides.
 376                 */
 377                 return !types.isSameType(impl_erasure, method_erasure);
 378             } else {
 379                // method and impl are the same...
 380                 if ((method.flags() & ABSTRACT) != 0) {
 381                     // ...and abstract so a bridge is not needed.
 382                     // Concrete subclasses will bridge as needed.
 383                     return false;
 384                 }
 385 
 386                 // The erasure of the return type is always the same
 387                 // for the same symbol.  Reducing the three tests in
 388                 // the other branch to just one:
 389                 return !isSameMemberWhenErased(dest, method, method.erasure(types));
 390             }
 391         }
 392         /**
 393          * Lookup the method as a member of the type.  Compare the
 394          * erasures.
 395          * @param type the class where to look for the method
 396          * @param method the method to look for in class
 397          * @param erasure the erasure of method
 398          */
 399         private boolean isSameMemberWhenErased(Type type,
 400                                                MethodSymbol method,
 401                                                Type erasure) {
 402             return types.isSameType(erasure(types.memberType(type, method)),
 403                                     erasure);
 404         }
 405 
 406     void addBridges(DiagnosticPosition pos,
 407                     TypeSymbol i,
 408                     ClassSymbol origin,
 409                     ListBuffer<JCTree> bridges) {
 410         for (Symbol sym : i.members().getSymbols(NON_RECURSIVE))
 411             addBridgeIfNeeded(pos, sym, origin, bridges);
 412         for (List<Type> l = types.interfaces(i.type); l.nonEmpty(); l = l.tail)
 413             addBridges(pos, l.head.tsym, origin, bridges);
 414     }
 415 
 416     /** Add all necessary bridges to some class appending them to list buffer.
 417      *  @param pos     The source code position to be used for the bridges.
 418      *  @param origin  The class in which the bridges go.
 419      *  @param bridges The list buffer to which the bridges are added.
 420      */
 421     void addBridges(DiagnosticPosition pos, ClassSymbol origin, ListBuffer<JCTree> bridges) {
 422         Type st = types.supertype(origin.type);
 423         while (st.hasTag(CLASS)) {
 424 //          if (isSpecialization(st))
 425             addBridges(pos, st.tsym, origin, bridges);
 426             st = types.supertype(st);
 427         }
 428         for (List<Type> l = types.interfaces(origin.type); l.nonEmpty(); l = l.tail)
 429 //          if (isSpecialization(l.head))
 430             addBridges(pos, l.head.tsym, origin, bridges);
 431     }
 432 
 433 /* ************************************************************************
 434  * Visitor methods
 435  *************************************************************************/
 436 
 437     /** Visitor argument: proto-type.
 438      */
 439     private Type pt;
 440 
 441     /** Visitor method: perform a type translation on tree.
 442      */
 443     public <T extends JCTree> T translate(T tree, Type pt) {
 444         Type prevPt = this.pt;
 445         try {
 446             this.pt = pt;
 447             return translate(tree);
 448         } finally {
 449             this.pt = prevPt;
 450         }
 451     }
 452 
 453     /** Visitor method: perform a type translation on list of trees.
 454      */
 455     public <T extends JCTree> List<T> translate(List<T> trees, Type pt) {
 456         Type prevPt = this.pt;
 457         List<T> res;
 458         try {
 459             this.pt = pt;
 460             res = translate(trees);
 461         } finally {
 462             this.pt = prevPt;
 463         }
 464         return res;
 465     }
 466 
 467     public void visitClassDef(JCClassDecl tree) {
 468         translateClass(tree.sym);
 469         result = tree;
 470     }
 471 
 472     Type returnType = null;
 473     public void visitMethodDef(JCMethodDecl tree) {
 474         Type prevRetType = returnType;
 475         try {
 476             returnType = erasure(tree.type).getReturnType();
 477             tree.restype = translate(tree.restype, null);
 478             tree.typarams = List.nil();
 479             tree.params = translateVarDefs(tree.params);
 480             tree.recvparam = translate(tree.recvparam, null);
 481             tree.thrown = translate(tree.thrown, null);
 482             tree.body = translate(tree.body, tree.sym.erasure(types).getReturnType());
 483             tree.type = erasure(tree.type);
 484             result = tree;
 485         } finally {
 486             returnType = prevRetType;
 487         }
 488     }
 489 
 490     public void visitVarDef(JCVariableDecl tree) {
 491         tree.vartype = translate(tree.vartype, null);
 492         tree.init = translate(tree.init, tree.sym.erasure(types));
 493         tree.type = erasure(tree.type);
 494         result = tree;
 495     }
 496 
 497     public void visitDoLoop(JCDoWhileLoop tree) {
 498         tree.body = translate(tree.body);
 499         tree.cond = translate(tree.cond, syms.booleanType);
 500         result = tree;
 501     }
 502 
 503     public void visitWhileLoop(JCWhileLoop tree) {
 504         tree.cond = translate(tree.cond, syms.booleanType);
 505         tree.body = translate(tree.body);
 506         result = tree;
 507     }
 508 
 509     public void visitForLoop(JCForLoop tree) {
 510         tree.init = translate(tree.init, null);
 511         if (tree.cond != null)
 512             tree.cond = translate(tree.cond, syms.booleanType);
 513         tree.step = translate(tree.step, null);
 514         tree.body = translate(tree.body);
 515         result = tree;
 516     }
 517 
 518     public void visitForeachLoop(JCEnhancedForLoop tree) {
 519         tree.var = translate(tree.var, null);
 520         Type iterableType = tree.expr.type;
 521         tree.expr = translate(tree.expr, erasure(tree.expr.type));
 522         if (types.elemtype(tree.expr.type) == null)
 523             tree.expr.type = iterableType; // preserve type for Lower
 524         tree.body = translate(tree.body);
 525         result = tree;
 526     }
 527 
 528     public void visitLambda(JCLambda tree) {
 529         Type prevRetType = returnType;
 530         try {
 531             returnType = erasure(tree.getDescriptorType(types)).getReturnType();
 532             tree.params = translate(tree.params);
 533             tree.body = translate(tree.body, tree.body.type == null || returnType.hasTag(VOID) ? null : returnType);
 534             if (!tree.type.isIntersection()) {
 535                 tree.type = erasure(tree.type);
 536             } else {
 537                 tree.type = types.erasure(types.findDescriptorSymbol(tree.type.tsym).owner.type);
 538             }
 539             result = tree;
 540         }
 541         finally {
 542             returnType = prevRetType;
 543         }
 544     }
 545 
 546     @Override
 547     public void visitReference(JCMemberReference tree) {
 548         if (needsConversionToLambda(tree)) {
 549             // Convert to a lambda, and process as such
 550             MemberReferenceToLambda conv = new MemberReferenceToLambda(tree);
 551             result = translate(conv.lambda());
 552         } else {
 553             Type t = types.skipTypeVars(tree.expr.type, false);
 554             Type receiverTarget = t.isCompound() ? erasure(tree.sym.owner.type) : erasure(t);
 555             if (tree.kind == ReferenceKind.UNBOUND) {
 556                 tree.expr = make.Type(receiverTarget);
 557             } else {
 558                 tree.expr = translate(tree.expr, receiverTarget);
 559             }
 560             if (!tree.type.isIntersection()) {
 561                 tree.type = erasure(tree.type);
 562             } else {
 563                 tree.type = types.erasure(types.findDescriptorSymbol(tree.type.tsym).owner.type);
 564             }
 565             result = tree;
 566         }
 567     }
 568     // where
 569     boolean needsVarArgsConversion(JCMemberReference tree) {
 570         return tree.varargsElement != null;
 571     }
 572 
 573     /**
 574      * @return Is this an array operation like clone()
 575      */
 576     boolean isArrayOp(JCMemberReference tree) {
 577         return tree.sym.owner == syms.arrayClass;
 578     }
 579 
 580     boolean receiverAccessible(JCMemberReference tree) {
 581         //hack needed to workaround 292 bug (7087658)
 582         //when 292 issue is fixed we should remove this and change the backend
 583         //code to always generate a method handle to an accessible method
 584         return tree.ownerAccessible;
 585     }
 586 
 587     /**
 588      * Erasure destroys the implementation parameter subtype
 589      * relationship for intersection types.
 590      * Have similar problems for union types too.
 591      */
 592     boolean interfaceParameterIsIntersectionOrUnionType(JCMemberReference tree) {
 593         List<Type> tl = tree.getDescriptorType(types).getParameterTypes();
 594         for (; tl.nonEmpty(); tl = tl.tail) {
 595             Type pt = tl.head;
 596             if (isIntersectionOrUnionType(pt))
 597                 return true;
 598         }
 599         return false;
 600     }
 601 
 602     boolean isIntersectionOrUnionType(Type t) {
 603         return switch (t.getKind()) {
 604             case INTERSECTION, UNION -> true;
 605             case TYPEVAR -> {
 606                 TypeVar tv = (TypeVar) t;
 607                 yield isIntersectionOrUnionType(tv.getUpperBound());
 608             }
 609             default -> false;
 610         };
 611     }
 612 
 613     private boolean isProtectedInSuperClassOfEnclosingClassInOtherPackage(Symbol targetReference,
 614                                                                           Symbol currentClass) {
 615         return ((targetReference.flags() & PROTECTED) != 0 &&
 616                 targetReference.packge() != currentClass.packge());
 617     }
 618 
 619     /**
 620      * This method should be called only when target release <= 14
 621      * where LambdaMetaFactory does not spin nestmate classes.
 622      *
 623      * This method should be removed when --release 14 is not supported.
 624      */
 625     boolean isPrivateInOtherClass(JCMemberReference tree) {
 626         return (tree.sym.flags() & PRIVATE) != 0 &&
 627                 !types.isSameType(
 628                         types.erasure(tree.sym.enclClass().asType()),
 629                         types.erasure(env.enclClass.sym.asType()));
 630     }
 631 
 632     /**
 633      * Does this reference need to be converted to a lambda
 634      * (i.e. var args need to be expanded or "super" is used)
 635      */
 636     boolean needsConversionToLambda(JCMemberReference tree) {
 637         return interfaceParameterIsIntersectionOrUnionType(tree) ||
 638                 tree.hasKind(ReferenceKind.SUPER) ||
 639                 needsVarArgsConversion(tree) ||
 640                 tree.codeReflectionInfo != null ||
 641                 isArrayOp(tree) ||
 642                 (!target.runtimeUseNestAccess() && isPrivateInOtherClass(tree)) ||
 643                 isProtectedInSuperClassOfEnclosingClassInOtherPackage(tree.sym, env.enclClass.sym) ||
 644                 !receiverAccessible(tree) ||
 645                 (tree.getMode() == ReferenceMode.NEW &&
 646                         tree.kind != ReferenceKind.ARRAY_CTOR &&
 647                         (tree.sym.owner.isDirectlyOrIndirectlyLocal() || tree.sym.owner.isInner()));
 648     }
 649 
 650     /**
 651      * Converts a method reference which cannot be used directly into a lambda
 652      */
 653     private class MemberReferenceToLambda {
 654 
 655         private final JCMemberReference tree;
 656         private final ListBuffer<JCExpression> args = new ListBuffer<>();
 657         private final ListBuffer<JCVariableDecl> params = new ListBuffer<>();
 658         private final MethodSymbol owner = new MethodSymbol(0, names.empty, Type.noType, env.enclClass.sym);
 659 
 660         private JCExpression receiverExpression = null;
 661 
 662         MemberReferenceToLambda(JCMemberReference tree) {
 663             this.tree = tree;
 664         }
 665 
 666         JCExpression lambda() {
 667             int prevPos = make.pos;
 668             try {
 669                 make.at(tree);
 670 
 671                 //body generation - this can be either a method call or a
 672                 //new instance creation expression, depending on the member reference kind
 673                 VarSymbol rcvr = addParametersReturnReceiver();
 674                 JCExpression expr = (tree.getMode() == ReferenceMode.INVOKE)
 675                         ? expressionInvoke(rcvr)
 676                         : expressionNew();
 677 
 678                 JCLambda slam = make.Lambda(params.toList(), expr);
 679                 slam.target = tree.target;
 680                 slam.owner = tree.owner;
 681                 slam.type = tree.type;
 682                 slam.pos = tree.pos;
 683                 slam.codeReflectionInfo = tree.codeReflectionInfo;
 684                 slam.wasMethodReference = true;
 685                 if (receiverExpression != null) {
 686                     // use a let expression so that the receiver expression is evaluated eagerly
 687                     return make.at(tree.pos).LetExpr(
 688                             make.VarDef(rcvr, receiverExpression), slam).setType(tree.type);
 689                 } else {
 690                     return slam;
 691                 }
 692             } finally {
 693                 make.at(prevPos);
 694             }
 695         }
 696 
 697         /**
 698          * Generate the parameter list for the converted member reference.
 699          *
 700          * @return The receiver variable symbol, if any
 701          */
 702         VarSymbol addParametersReturnReceiver() {
 703             List<Type> descPTypes = tree.getDescriptorType(types).getParameterTypes();
 704 
 705             // Determine the receiver, if any
 706             VarSymbol rcvr;
 707             switch (tree.kind) {
 708                 case BOUND:
 709                     // The receiver is explicit in the method reference
 710                     rcvr = new VarSymbol(SYNTHETIC, names.fromString("rec$"), tree.getQualifierExpression().type, owner);
 711                     rcvr.pos = tree.pos;
 712                     receiverExpression = attr.makeNullCheck(tree.getQualifierExpression());
 713                     break;
 714                 case UNBOUND:
 715                     // The receiver is the first parameter, extract it and
 716                     // adjust the SAM and unerased type lists accordingly
 717                     rcvr = addParameter("rec$", descPTypes.head, false);
 718                     descPTypes = descPTypes.tail;
 719                     break;
 720                 default:
 721                     rcvr = null;
 722                     break;
 723             }
 724             List<Type> implPTypes = tree.sym.type.getParameterTypes();
 725             int implSize = implPTypes.size();
 726             int samSize = descPTypes.size();
 727             // Last parameter to copy from referenced method, exclude final var args
 728             int last = needsVarArgsConversion(tree) ? implSize - 1 : implSize;
 729 
 730             for (int i = 0; implPTypes.nonEmpty() && i < last; ++i) {
 731                 // Use the descriptor parameter type
 732                 Type parmType = descPTypes.head;
 733                 addParameter("x$" + i, parmType, true);
 734 
 735                 // Advance to the next parameter
 736                 implPTypes = implPTypes.tail;
 737                 descPTypes = descPTypes.tail;
 738             }
 739             // Flatten out the var args
 740             for (int i = last; i < samSize; ++i) {
 741                 addParameter("xva$" + i, tree.varargsElement, true);
 742             }
 743 
 744             return rcvr;
 745         }
 746 
 747         /**
 748          * determine the receiver of the method call - the receiver can
 749          * be a type qualifier, the synthetic receiver parameter or 'super'.
 750          */
 751         private JCExpression expressionInvoke(VarSymbol rcvr) {
 752             JCExpression qualifier =
 753                     (rcvr != null) ?
 754                             make.Ident(rcvr) :
 755                             tree.getQualifierExpression();
 756 
 757             //create the qualifier expression
 758             JCFieldAccess select = make.Select(qualifier, tree.sym.name);
 759             select.sym = tree.sym;
 760             select.type = tree.referentType;
 761 
 762             //create the method call expression
 763             JCExpression apply = make.Apply(List.nil(), select,
 764                             args.toList()).setType(tree.referentType.getReturnType());
 765 
 766             TreeInfo.setVarargsElement(apply, tree.varargsElement);
 767             return apply;
 768         }
 769 
 770         /**
 771          * Lambda body to use for a 'new'.
 772          */
 773         private JCExpression expressionNew() {
 774             if (tree.kind == ReferenceKind.ARRAY_CTOR) {
 775                 //create the array creation expression
 776                 JCNewArray newArr = make.NewArray(
 777                         make.Type(types.elemtype(tree.getQualifierExpression().type)),
 778                         List.of(make.Ident(params.first())),
 779                         null);
 780                 newArr.type = tree.getQualifierExpression().type;
 781                 return newArr;
 782             } else {
 783                 //create the instance creation expression
 784                 //note that method reference syntax does not allow an explicit
 785                 //enclosing class (so the enclosing class is null)
 786                 // but this may need to be patched up later with the proxy for the outer this
 787                 JCNewClass newClass = make.NewClass(null,
 788                         List.nil(),
 789                         make.Type(tree.getQualifierExpression().type),
 790                         args.toList(),
 791                         null);
 792                 newClass.constructor = tree.sym;
 793                 newClass.constructorType = tree.sym.erasure(types);
 794                 newClass.type = tree.getQualifierExpression().type;
 795                 TreeInfo.setVarargsElement(newClass, tree.varargsElement);
 796                 return newClass;
 797             }
 798         }
 799 
 800         private VarSymbol addParameter(String name, Type p, boolean genArg) {
 801             VarSymbol vsym = new VarSymbol(PARAMETER | SYNTHETIC, names.fromString(name), p, owner);
 802             vsym.pos = tree.pos;
 803             params.append(make.VarDef(vsym, null));
 804             if (genArg) {
 805                 args.append(make.Ident(vsym));
 806             }
 807             return vsym;
 808         }
 809     }
 810 
 811     public void visitSwitch(JCSwitch tree) {
 812         tree.selector = translate(tree.selector, erasure(tree.selector.type));
 813         tree.cases = translateCases(tree.cases);
 814         result = tree;
 815     }
 816 
 817     public void visitCase(JCCase tree) {
 818         tree.labels = translate(tree.labels, null);
 819         tree.guard = translate(tree.guard, syms.booleanType);
 820         tree.stats = translate(tree.stats);
 821         result = tree;
 822     }
 823 
 824     @Override
 825     public void visitAnyPattern(JCAnyPattern tree) {
 826         result = tree;
 827     }
 828 
 829     public void visitBindingPattern(JCBindingPattern tree) {
 830         tree.var = translate(tree.var, null);
 831         result = tree;
 832     }
 833 
 834     @Override
 835     public void visitConstantCaseLabel(JCConstantCaseLabel tree) {
 836         tree.expr = translate(tree.expr, null);
 837         result = tree;
 838     }
 839 
 840     @Override
 841     public void visitPatternCaseLabel(JCPatternCaseLabel tree) {
 842         tree.pat = translate(tree.pat, null);
 843         result = tree;
 844     }
 845 
 846     public void visitSwitchExpression(JCSwitchExpression tree) {
 847         tree.selector = translate(tree.selector, erasure(tree.selector.type));
 848         tree.cases = translate(tree.cases, erasure(tree.type));
 849         tree.type = erasure(tree.type);
 850         result = retype(tree, tree.type, pt);
 851     }
 852 
 853     public void visitRecordPattern(JCRecordPattern tree) {
 854         tree.fullComponentTypes = tree.record.getRecordComponents()
 855                                              .map(rc -> types.memberType(tree.type, rc));
 856         tree.deconstructor = translate(tree.deconstructor, null);
 857         tree.nested = translate(tree.nested, null);
 858         result = tree;
 859     }
 860 
 861     public void visitSynchronized(JCSynchronized tree) {
 862         tree.lock = translate(tree.lock, erasure(tree.lock.type));
 863         tree.body = translate(tree.body);
 864         result = tree;
 865     }
 866 
 867     public void visitTry(JCTry tree) {
 868         tree.resources = translate(tree.resources, syms.autoCloseableType);
 869         tree.body = translate(tree.body);
 870         tree.catchers = translateCatchers(tree.catchers);
 871         tree.finalizer = translate(tree.finalizer);
 872         result = tree;
 873     }
 874 
 875     public void visitConditional(JCConditional tree) {
 876         tree.cond = translate(tree.cond, syms.booleanType);
 877         tree.truepart = translate(tree.truepart, erasure(tree.type));
 878         tree.falsepart = translate(tree.falsepart, erasure(tree.type));
 879         tree.type = erasure(tree.type);
 880         result = retype(tree, tree.type, pt);
 881     }
 882 
 883    public void visitIf(JCIf tree) {
 884         tree.cond = translate(tree.cond, syms.booleanType);
 885         tree.thenpart = translate(tree.thenpart);
 886         tree.elsepart = translate(tree.elsepart);
 887         result = tree;
 888     }
 889 
 890     public void visitExec(JCExpressionStatement tree) {
 891         tree.expr = translate(tree.expr, null);
 892         result = tree;
 893     }
 894 
 895     public void visitReturn(JCReturn tree) {
 896         if (!returnType.hasTag(VOID))
 897             tree.expr = translate(tree.expr, returnType);
 898         result = tree;
 899     }
 900 
 901     @Override
 902     public void visitBreak(JCBreak tree) {
 903         result = tree;
 904     }
 905 
 906     @Override
 907     public void visitYield(JCYield tree) {
 908         tree.value = translate(tree.value, erasure(tree.value.type));
 909         tree.value.type = erasure(tree.value.type);
 910         tree.value = retype(tree.value, tree.value.type, pt);
 911         result = tree;
 912     }
 913 
 914     public void visitThrow(JCThrow tree) {
 915         tree.expr = translate(tree.expr, erasure(tree.expr.type));
 916         result = tree;
 917     }
 918 
 919     public void visitAssert(JCAssert tree) {
 920         tree.cond = translate(tree.cond, syms.booleanType);
 921         if (tree.detail != null)
 922             tree.detail = translate(tree.detail, erasure(tree.detail.type));
 923         result = tree;
 924     }
 925 
 926     public void visitApply(JCMethodInvocation tree) {
 927         tree.meth = translate(tree.meth, null);
 928         Symbol meth = TreeInfo.symbol(tree.meth);
 929         Type mt = meth.erasure(types);
 930         boolean useInstantiatedPtArgs = !types.isSignaturePolymorphic((MethodSymbol)meth.baseSymbol());
 931         List<Type> argtypes = useInstantiatedPtArgs ?
 932                 tree.meth.type.getParameterTypes() :
 933                 mt.getParameterTypes();
 934         if (meth.name == names.init && meth.owner == syms.enumSym)
 935             argtypes = argtypes.tail.tail;
 936         if (tree.varargsElement != null)
 937             tree.varargsElement = types.erasure(tree.varargsElement);
 938         else
 939             if (tree.args.length() != argtypes.length()) {
 940                 Assert.error(String.format("Incorrect number of arguments; expected %d, found %d",
 941                         tree.args.length(), argtypes.length()));
 942             }
 943         tree.args = translateArgs(tree.args, argtypes, tree.varargsElement);
 944 
 945         tree.type = types.erasure(tree.type);
 946         // Insert casts of method invocation results as needed.
 947         result = retype(tree, mt.getReturnType(), pt);
 948     }
 949 
 950     public void visitNewClass(JCNewClass tree) {
 951         if (tree.encl != null) {
 952             if (tree.def == null) {
 953                 tree.encl = translate(tree.encl, erasure(tree.encl.type));
 954             } else {
 955                 tree.args = tree.args.prepend(attr.makeNullCheck(tree.encl));
 956                 tree.encl = null;
 957             }
 958         }
 959 
 960         Type erasedConstructorType = tree.constructorType != null ?
 961                 erasure(tree.constructorType) :
 962                 null;
 963 
 964         List<Type> argtypes = erasedConstructorType != null ?
 965                 erasedConstructorType.getParameterTypes() :
 966                 tree.constructor.erasure(types).getParameterTypes();
 967 
 968         tree.clazz = translate(tree.clazz, null);
 969         if (tree.varargsElement != null)
 970             tree.varargsElement = types.erasure(tree.varargsElement);
 971         tree.args = translateArgs(
 972             tree.args, argtypes, tree.varargsElement);
 973         tree.def = translate(tree.def, null);
 974         if (erasedConstructorType != null)
 975             tree.constructorType = erasedConstructorType;
 976         tree.type = erasure(tree.type);
 977         result = tree;
 978     }
 979 
 980     public void visitNewArray(JCNewArray tree) {
 981         tree.elemtype = translate(tree.elemtype, null);
 982         translate(tree.dims, syms.intType);
 983         if (tree.type != null) {
 984             tree.elems = translate(tree.elems, erasure(types.elemtype(tree.type)));
 985             tree.type = erasure(tree.type);
 986         } else {
 987             tree.elems = translate(tree.elems, null);
 988         }
 989 
 990         result = tree;
 991     }
 992 
 993     public void visitParens(JCParens tree) {
 994         tree.expr = translate(tree.expr, pt);
 995         tree.type = erasure(tree.expr.type);
 996         result = tree;
 997     }
 998 
 999     public void visitAssign(JCAssign tree) {
1000         tree.lhs = translate(tree.lhs, null);
1001         tree.rhs = translate(tree.rhs, erasure(tree.lhs.type));
1002         tree.type = erasure(tree.lhs.type);
1003         result = retype(tree, tree.type, pt);
1004     }
1005 
1006     public void visitAssignop(JCAssignOp tree) {
1007         tree.lhs = translate(tree.lhs, null);
1008         tree.rhs = translate(tree.rhs, tree.operator.type.getParameterTypes().tail.head);
1009         tree.type = erasure(tree.type);
1010         result = tree;
1011     }
1012 
1013     public void visitUnary(JCUnary tree) {
1014         tree.arg = translate(tree.arg, (tree.getTag() == Tag.NULLCHK)
1015             ? tree.type
1016             : tree.operator.type.getParameterTypes().head);
1017         result = tree;
1018     }
1019 
1020     public void visitBinary(JCBinary tree) {
1021         tree.lhs = translate(tree.lhs, tree.operator.type.getParameterTypes().head);
1022         tree.rhs = translate(tree.rhs, tree.operator.type.getParameterTypes().tail.head);
1023         result = tree;
1024     }
1025 
1026     public void visitAnnotatedType(JCAnnotatedType tree) {
1027         // For now, we need to keep the annotations in the tree because of the current
1028         // MultiCatch implementation wrt type annotations
1029         List<TypeCompound> mirrors = annotate.fromAnnotations(tree.annotations);
1030         tree.underlyingType = translate(tree.underlyingType);
1031         tree.type = tree.underlyingType.type.annotatedType(mirrors);
1032         result = tree;
1033     }
1034 
1035     public void visitTypeCast(JCTypeCast tree) {
1036         tree.clazz = translate(tree.clazz, null);
1037         Type originalTarget = tree.type;
1038         tree.type = erasure(tree.type);
1039         JCExpression newExpression = translate(tree.expr, tree.type);
1040         if (newExpression != tree.expr) {
1041             JCTypeCast typeCast = newExpression.hasTag(Tag.TYPECAST)
1042                 ? (JCTypeCast) newExpression
1043                 : null;
1044             tree.expr = typeCast != null && types.isSameType(typeCast.type, tree.type)
1045                 ? typeCast.expr
1046                 : newExpression;
1047         }
1048         if (originalTarget.isIntersection()) {
1049             Type.IntersectionClassType ict = (Type.IntersectionClassType)originalTarget;
1050             for (Type c : ict.getExplicitComponents()) {
1051                 Type ec = erasure(c);
1052                 if (!types.isSameType(ec, tree.type) && (!types.isSameType(ec, pt))) {
1053                     tree.expr = coerce(tree.expr, ec);
1054                 }
1055             }
1056         }
1057         result = retype(tree, tree.type, pt);
1058     }
1059 
1060     public void visitTypeTest(JCInstanceOf tree) {
1061         tree.pattern = translate(tree.pattern, null);
1062         if (tree.pattern.type.isPrimitive()) {
1063             tree.erasedExprOriginalType = erasure(tree.expr.type);
1064             tree.expr = translate(tree.expr, null);
1065         }
1066         else {
1067             tree.expr = translate(tree.expr, null);
1068         }
1069         result = tree;
1070     }
1071 
1072     public void visitIndexed(JCArrayAccess tree) {
1073         tree.indexed = translate(tree.indexed, erasure(tree.indexed.type));
1074         tree.index = translate(tree.index, syms.intType);
1075 
1076         // Insert casts of indexed expressions as needed.
1077         result = retype(tree, types.elemtype(tree.indexed.type), pt);
1078     }
1079 
1080     // There ought to be nothing to rewrite here;
1081     // we don't generate code.
1082     public void visitAnnotation(JCAnnotation tree) {
1083         result = tree;
1084     }
1085 
1086     public void visitIdent(JCIdent tree) {
1087         Type et = tree.sym.erasure(types);
1088 
1089         // Map type variables to their bounds.
1090         if (tree.sym.kind == TYP && tree.sym.type.hasTag(TYPEVAR)) {
1091             result = make.at(tree.pos).Type(et);
1092         } else
1093         // Map constants expressions to themselves.
1094         if (tree.type.constValue() != null) {
1095             result = tree;
1096         }
1097         // Insert casts of variable uses as needed.
1098         else if (tree.sym.kind == VAR) {
1099             result = retype(tree, et, pt);
1100         }
1101         else {
1102             tree.type = erasure(tree.type);
1103             result = tree;
1104         }
1105     }
1106 
1107     public void visitSelect(JCFieldAccess tree) {
1108         Type t = types.skipTypeVars(tree.selected.type, false);
1109         if (t.isCompound()) {
1110             tree.selected = coerce(
1111                 translate(tree.selected, erasure(tree.selected.type)),
1112                 erasure(tree.sym.owner.type));
1113         } else
1114             tree.selected = translate(tree.selected, erasure(t));
1115 
1116         // Map constants expressions to themselves.
1117         if (tree.type.constValue() != null) {
1118             result = tree;
1119         }
1120         // Insert casts of variable uses as needed.
1121         else if (tree.sym.kind == VAR) {
1122             result = retype(tree, tree.sym.erasure(types), pt);
1123         }
1124         else {
1125             tree.type = erasure(tree.type);
1126             result = tree;
1127         }
1128     }
1129 
1130     public void visitTypeArray(JCArrayTypeTree tree) {
1131         tree.elemtype = translate(tree.elemtype, null);
1132         tree.type = erasure(tree.type);
1133         result = tree;
1134     }
1135 
1136     /** Visitor method for parameterized types.
1137      */
1138     public void visitTypeApply(JCTypeApply tree) {
1139         JCTree clazz = translate(tree.clazz, null);
1140         result = clazz;
1141     }
1142 
1143     public void visitTypeIntersection(JCTypeIntersection tree) {
1144         result = translate(tree.bounds.head, null);
1145     }
1146 
1147 /* ************************************************************************
1148  * utility methods
1149  *************************************************************************/
1150 
1151     private Type erasure(Type t) {
1152         return types.erasure(t);
1153     }
1154 
1155 /* ************************************************************************
1156  * main method
1157  *************************************************************************/
1158 
1159     private Env<AttrContext> env;
1160 
1161     private static final String statePreviousToFlowAssertMsg =
1162             "The current compile state [%s] of class %s is previous to WARN";
1163 
1164     void translateClass(ClassSymbol c) {
1165         Type st = types.supertype(c.type);
1166         // process superclass before derived
1167         if (st.hasTag(CLASS)) {
1168             translateClass((ClassSymbol)st.tsym);
1169         }
1170 
1171         Env<AttrContext> myEnv = enter.getEnv(c);
1172         if (myEnv == null || (c.flags_field & TYPE_TRANSLATED) != 0) {
1173             return;
1174         }
1175         c.flags_field |= TYPE_TRANSLATED;
1176 
1177         /*  The two assertions below are set for early detection of any attempt
1178          *  to translate a class that:
1179          *
1180          *  1) has no compile state being it the most outer class.
1181          *     We accept this condition for inner classes.
1182          *
1183          *  2) has a compile state which is previous to WARN state.
1184          */
1185         boolean envHasCompState = compileStates.get(myEnv) != null;
1186         if (!envHasCompState && c.outermostClass() == c) {
1187             Assert.error("No info for outermost class: " + myEnv.enclClass.sym);
1188         }
1189 
1190         if (envHasCompState &&
1191                 CompileState.WARN.isAfter(compileStates.get(myEnv))) {
1192             Assert.error(String.format(statePreviousToFlowAssertMsg,
1193                     compileStates.get(myEnv), myEnv.enclClass.sym));
1194         }
1195 
1196         Env<AttrContext> oldEnv = env;
1197         try {
1198             env = myEnv;
1199             // class has not been translated yet
1200 
1201             TreeMaker savedMake = make;
1202             Type savedPt = pt;
1203             make = make.forToplevel(env.toplevel);
1204             pt = null;
1205             try {
1206                 JCClassDecl tree = (JCClassDecl) env.tree;
1207                 tree.typarams = List.nil();
1208                 super.visitClassDef(tree);
1209                 make.at(tree.pos);
1210                 ListBuffer<JCTree> bridges = new ListBuffer<>();
1211                 addBridges(tree.pos(), c, bridges);
1212                 tree.defs = bridges.toList().prependList(tree.defs);
1213                 tree.type = erasure(tree.type);
1214             } finally {
1215                 make = savedMake;
1216                 pt = savedPt;
1217             }
1218         } finally {
1219             env = oldEnv;
1220         }
1221     }
1222 
1223     /** Translate a toplevel class definition.
1224      *  @param cdef    The definition to be translated.
1225      */
1226     public JCTree translateTopLevelClass(JCTree cdef, TreeMaker make) {
1227         // note that this method does NOT support recursion.
1228         this.make = make;
1229         pt = null;
1230         return translate(cdef, null);
1231     }
1232 }
--- EOF ---