1 /*
   2  * Copyright (c) 2018, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
   3  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
   4  *
   5  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
   6  * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
   7  * published by the Free Software Foundation.
   8  *
   9  * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
  10  * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
  11  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
  12  * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
  13  * accompanied this code).
  14  *
  15  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
  16  * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
  17  * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
  18  *
  19  * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
  20  * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
  21  * questions.
  22  *
  23  */
  24 
  25 #include "cds/aotArtifactFinder.hpp"
  26 #include "cds/aotCacheAccess.hpp"
  27 #include "cds/aotClassInitializer.hpp"
  28 #include "cds/aotClassLocation.hpp"
  29 #include "cds/aotConstantPoolResolver.hpp"
  30 #include "cds/aotLogging.hpp"
  31 #include "cds/aotMappedHeapLoader.hpp"
  32 #include "cds/aotMappedHeapWriter.hpp"
  33 #include "cds/aotMetaspace.hpp"
  34 #include "cds/aotOopChecker.hpp"
  35 #include "cds/aotReferenceObjSupport.hpp"
  36 #include "cds/aotStreamedHeapLoader.hpp"
  37 #include "cds/aotStreamedHeapWriter.hpp"
  38 #include "cds/archiveBuilder.hpp"
  39 #include "cds/archiveUtils.hpp"
  40 #include "cds/cds_globals.hpp"
  41 #include "cds/cdsConfig.hpp"
  42 #include "cds/cdsEnumKlass.hpp"
  43 #include "cds/cdsHeapVerifier.hpp"
  44 #include "cds/heapShared.inline.hpp"
  45 #include "cds/regeneratedClasses.hpp"
  46 #include "classfile/classLoaderData.hpp"
  47 #include "classfile/javaClasses.inline.hpp"
  48 #include "classfile/modules.hpp"
  49 #include "classfile/stringTable.hpp"
  50 #include "classfile/symbolTable.hpp"
  51 #include "classfile/systemDictionary.hpp"
  52 #include "classfile/systemDictionaryShared.hpp"
  53 #include "classfile/vmClasses.hpp"
  54 #include "classfile/vmSymbols.hpp"
  55 #include "gc/shared/collectedHeap.hpp"
  56 #include "gc/shared/gcLocker.hpp"
  57 #include "gc/shared/gcVMOperations.hpp"
  58 #include "logging/log.hpp"
  59 #include "logging/logStream.hpp"
  60 #include "memory/iterator.inline.hpp"
  61 #include "memory/resourceArea.hpp"
  62 #include "memory/universe.hpp"
  63 #include "oops/compressedOops.inline.hpp"
  64 #include "oops/fieldStreams.inline.hpp"
  65 #include "oops/objArrayOop.inline.hpp"
  66 #include "oops/oop.inline.hpp"
  67 #include "oops/oopHandle.inline.hpp"
  68 #include "oops/typeArrayOop.inline.hpp"
  69 #include "prims/jvmtiExport.hpp"
  70 #include "runtime/arguments.hpp"
  71 #include "runtime/fieldDescriptor.inline.hpp"
  72 #include "runtime/globals_extension.hpp"
  73 #include "runtime/init.hpp"
  74 #include "runtime/javaCalls.hpp"
  75 #include "runtime/mutexLocker.hpp"
  76 #include "runtime/safepointVerifiers.hpp"
  77 #include "utilities/bitMap.inline.hpp"
  78 #include "utilities/copy.hpp"
  79 #if INCLUDE_G1GC
  80 #include "gc/g1/g1CollectedHeap.hpp"
  81 #endif
  82 
  83 #if INCLUDE_CDS_JAVA_HEAP
  84 
  85 struct ArchivableStaticFieldInfo {
  86   const char* klass_name;
  87   const char* field_name;
  88   InstanceKlass* klass;
  89   int offset;
  90   BasicType type;
  91 
  92   ArchivableStaticFieldInfo(const char* k, const char* f)
  93   : klass_name(k), field_name(f), klass(nullptr), offset(0), type(T_ILLEGAL) {}
  94 
  95   bool valid() {
  96     return klass_name != nullptr;
  97   }
  98 };
  99 
 100 class HeapShared::ContextMark : public StackObj {
 101   ResourceMark rm;
 102 public:
 103   ContextMark(const char* c) : rm{} {
 104     _context->push(c);
 105   }
 106   ~ContextMark() {
 107     _context->pop();
 108   }
 109 };
 110 
 111 // Anything that goes in the header must be thoroughly purged from uninitialized memory
 112 // as it will be written to disk. Therefore, the constructors memset the memory to 0.
 113 // This is not the prettiest thing, but we need to know every byte is initialized,
 114 // including potential padding between fields.
 115 
 116 ArchiveMappedHeapHeader::ArchiveMappedHeapHeader(size_t ptrmap_start_pos,
 117                                                  size_t oopmap_start_pos,
 118                                                  HeapRootSegments root_segments) {
 119   memset((char*)this, 0, sizeof(*this));
 120   _ptrmap_start_pos = ptrmap_start_pos;
 121   _oopmap_start_pos = oopmap_start_pos;
 122   _root_segments = root_segments;
 123 }
 124 
 125 ArchiveMappedHeapHeader::ArchiveMappedHeapHeader() {
 126   memset((char*)this, 0, sizeof(*this));
 127 }
 128 
 129 ArchiveMappedHeapHeader ArchiveMappedHeapInfo::create_header() {
 130   return ArchiveMappedHeapHeader{_ptrmap_start_pos,
 131                                  _oopmap_start_pos,
 132                                  _root_segments};
 133 }
 134 
 135 ArchiveStreamedHeapHeader::ArchiveStreamedHeapHeader(size_t forwarding_offset,
 136                                                      size_t roots_offset,
 137                                                      size_t num_roots,
 138                                                      size_t root_highest_object_index_table_offset,
 139                                                      size_t num_archived_objects) {
 140   memset((char*)this, 0, sizeof(*this));
 141   _forwarding_offset = forwarding_offset;
 142   _roots_offset = roots_offset;
 143   _num_roots = num_roots;
 144   _root_highest_object_index_table_offset = root_highest_object_index_table_offset;
 145   _num_archived_objects = num_archived_objects;
 146 }
 147 
 148 ArchiveStreamedHeapHeader::ArchiveStreamedHeapHeader() {
 149   memset((char*)this, 0, sizeof(*this));
 150 }
 151 
 152 ArchiveStreamedHeapHeader ArchiveStreamedHeapInfo::create_header() {
 153   return ArchiveStreamedHeapHeader{_forwarding_offset,
 154                                    _roots_offset,
 155                                    _num_roots,
 156                                    _root_highest_object_index_table_offset,
 157                                    _num_archived_objects};
 158 }
 159 
 160 HeapArchiveMode HeapShared::_heap_load_mode = HeapArchiveMode::_uninitialized;
 161 HeapArchiveMode HeapShared::_heap_write_mode = HeapArchiveMode::_uninitialized;
 162 
 163 size_t HeapShared::_alloc_count[HeapShared::ALLOC_STAT_SLOTS];
 164 size_t HeapShared::_alloc_size[HeapShared::ALLOC_STAT_SLOTS];
 165 size_t HeapShared::_total_obj_count;
 166 size_t HeapShared::_total_obj_size;
 167 
 168 #ifndef PRODUCT
 169 #define ARCHIVE_TEST_FIELD_NAME "archivedObjects"
 170 static Array<char>* _archived_ArchiveHeapTestClass = nullptr;
 171 static const char* _test_class_name = nullptr;
 172 static Klass* _test_class = nullptr;
 173 static const ArchivedKlassSubGraphInfoRecord* _test_class_record = nullptr;
 174 #endif
 175 
 176 
 177 //
 178 // If you add new entries to the following tables, you should know what you're doing!
 179 //
 180 
 181 static ArchivableStaticFieldInfo archive_subgraph_entry_fields[] = {
 182   {"java/lang/Integer$IntegerCache",              "archivedCache"},
 183   {"java/lang/Long$LongCache",                    "archivedCache"},
 184   {"java/lang/Byte$ByteCache",                    "archivedCache"},
 185   {"java/lang/Short$ShortCache",                  "archivedCache"},
 186   {"java/lang/Character$CharacterCache",          "archivedCache"},
 187   {"java/util/jar/Attributes$Name",               "KNOWN_NAMES"},
 188   {"sun/util/locale/BaseLocale",                  "constantBaseLocales"},
 189   {"jdk/internal/module/ArchivedModuleGraph",     "archivedModuleGraph"},
 190   {"java/util/ImmutableCollections",              "archivedObjects"},
 191   {"java/lang/ModuleLayer",                       "EMPTY_LAYER"},
 192   {"java/lang/module/Configuration",              "EMPTY_CONFIGURATION"},
 193   {"jdk/internal/math/FDBigInteger",              "archivedCaches"},
 194   {"java/lang/reflect/Proxy$ProxyBuilder",        "archivedData"},    // FIXME -- requires AOTClassLinking
 195 
 196 #ifndef PRODUCT
 197   {nullptr, nullptr}, // Extra slot for -XX:ArchiveHeapTestClass
 198 #endif
 199   {nullptr, nullptr},
 200 };
 201 
 202 // full module graph
 203 static ArchivableStaticFieldInfo fmg_archive_subgraph_entry_fields[] = {
 204   {"jdk/internal/loader/ArchivedClassLoaders",    "archivedClassLoaders"},
 205   {ARCHIVED_BOOT_LAYER_CLASS,                     ARCHIVED_BOOT_LAYER_FIELD},
 206   {"java/lang/Module$ArchivedData",               "archivedData"},
 207   {nullptr, nullptr},
 208 };
 209 
 210 KlassSubGraphInfo* HeapShared::_dump_time_special_subgraph;
 211 ArchivedKlassSubGraphInfoRecord* HeapShared::_run_time_special_subgraph;
 212 GrowableArrayCHeap<OopHandle, mtClassShared>* HeapShared::_pending_roots = nullptr;
 213 GrowableArrayCHeap<const char*, mtClassShared>* HeapShared::_context = nullptr;
 214 OopHandle HeapShared::_scratch_basic_type_mirrors[T_VOID+1];
 215 MetaspaceObjToOopHandleTable* HeapShared::_scratch_objects_table = nullptr;
 216 
 217 static bool is_subgraph_root_class_of(ArchivableStaticFieldInfo fields[], InstanceKlass* ik) {
 218   for (int i = 0; fields[i].valid(); i++) {
 219     if (fields[i].klass == ik) {
 220       return true;
 221     }
 222   }
 223   return false;
 224 }
 225 
 226 bool HeapShared::is_subgraph_root_class(InstanceKlass* ik) {
 227   return is_subgraph_root_class_of(archive_subgraph_entry_fields, ik) ||
 228          is_subgraph_root_class_of(fmg_archive_subgraph_entry_fields, ik);
 229 }
 230 
 231 oop HeapShared::CachedOopInfo::orig_referrer() const {
 232   return _orig_referrer.resolve();
 233 }
 234 
 235 unsigned HeapShared::oop_hash(oop const& p) {
 236   assert(SafepointSynchronize::is_at_safepoint() ||
 237          JavaThread::current()->is_in_no_safepoint_scope(), "sanity");
 238   // Do not call p->identity_hash() as that will update the
 239   // object header.
 240   return primitive_hash(cast_from_oop<intptr_t>(p));
 241 }
 242 
 243 unsigned int HeapShared::oop_handle_hash_raw(const OopHandle& oh) {
 244   return oop_hash(oh.resolve());
 245 }
 246 
 247 unsigned int HeapShared::oop_handle_hash(const OopHandle& oh) {
 248   oop o = oh.resolve();
 249   if (o == nullptr) {
 250     return 0;
 251   } else {
 252     return o->identity_hash();
 253   }
 254 }
 255 
 256 bool HeapShared::oop_handle_equals(const OopHandle& a, const OopHandle& b) {
 257   return a.resolve() == b.resolve();
 258 }
 259 
 260 static void reset_states(oop obj, TRAPS) {
 261   Handle h_obj(THREAD, obj);
 262   InstanceKlass* klass = InstanceKlass::cast(obj->klass());
 263   TempNewSymbol method_name = SymbolTable::new_symbol("resetArchivedStates");
 264   Symbol* method_sig = vmSymbols::void_method_signature();
 265 
 266   while (klass != nullptr) {
 267     Method* method = klass->find_method(method_name, method_sig);
 268     if (method != nullptr) {
 269       assert(method->is_private(), "must be");
 270       if (log_is_enabled(Debug, aot)) {
 271         ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
 272         log_debug(aot)("  calling %s", method->name_and_sig_as_C_string());
 273       }
 274       JavaValue result(T_VOID);
 275       JavaCalls::call_special(&result, h_obj, klass,
 276                               method_name, method_sig, CHECK);
 277     }
 278     klass = klass->super();
 279   }
 280 }
 281 
 282 void HeapShared::reset_archived_object_states(TRAPS) {
 283   assert(CDSConfig::is_dumping_heap(), "dump-time only");
 284   log_debug(aot)("Resetting platform loader");
 285   reset_states(SystemDictionary::java_platform_loader(), CHECK);
 286   log_debug(aot)("Resetting system loader");
 287   reset_states(SystemDictionary::java_system_loader(), CHECK);
 288 
 289   // Clean up jdk.internal.loader.ClassLoaders::bootLoader(), which is not
 290   // directly used for class loading, but rather is used by the core library
 291   // to keep track of resources, etc, loaded by the null class loader.
 292   //
 293   // Note, this object is non-null, and is not the same as
 294   // ClassLoaderData::the_null_class_loader_data()->class_loader(),
 295   // which is null.
 296   log_debug(aot)("Resetting boot loader");
 297   JavaValue result(T_OBJECT);
 298   JavaCalls::call_static(&result,
 299                          vmClasses::jdk_internal_loader_ClassLoaders_klass(),
 300                          vmSymbols::bootLoader_name(),
 301                          vmSymbols::void_BuiltinClassLoader_signature(),
 302                          CHECK);
 303   Handle boot_loader(THREAD, result.get_oop());
 304   reset_states(boot_loader(), CHECK);
 305 }
 306 
 307 HeapShared::ArchivedObjectCache* HeapShared::_archived_object_cache = nullptr;
 308 
 309 bool HeapShared::is_archived_heap_in_use() {
 310   if (HeapShared::is_loading()) {
 311     if (HeapShared::is_loading_streaming_mode()) {
 312       return AOTStreamedHeapLoader::is_in_use();
 313     } else {
 314       return AOTMappedHeapLoader::is_in_use();
 315     }
 316   }
 317 
 318   return false;
 319 }
 320 
 321 bool HeapShared::can_use_archived_heap() {
 322   FileMapInfo* static_mapinfo = FileMapInfo::current_info();
 323   if (static_mapinfo == nullptr) {
 324     return false;
 325   }
 326   if (!static_mapinfo->has_heap_region()) {
 327     return false;
 328   }
 329   if (!static_mapinfo->object_streaming_mode() &&
 330       !Universe::heap()->can_load_archived_objects() &&
 331       !UseG1GC) {
 332     // Incompatible object format
 333     return false;
 334   }
 335 
 336   return true;
 337 }
 338 
 339 bool HeapShared::is_too_large_to_archive(size_t size) {
 340   if (HeapShared::is_writing_streaming_mode()) {
 341     return false;
 342   } else {
 343     return AOTMappedHeapWriter::is_too_large_to_archive(size);
 344   }
 345 }
 346 
 347 bool HeapShared::is_too_large_to_archive(oop obj) {
 348   if (HeapShared::is_writing_streaming_mode()) {
 349     return false;
 350   } else {
 351     return AOTMappedHeapWriter::is_too_large_to_archive(obj);
 352   }
 353 }
 354 
 355 bool HeapShared::is_string_too_large_to_archive(oop string) {
 356   typeArrayOop value = java_lang_String::value_no_keepalive(string);
 357   return is_too_large_to_archive(value);
 358 }
 359 
 360 void HeapShared::initialize_loading_mode(HeapArchiveMode mode) {
 361   assert(_heap_load_mode == HeapArchiveMode::_uninitialized, "already set?");
 362   assert(mode != HeapArchiveMode::_uninitialized, "sanity");
 363   _heap_load_mode = mode;
 364 };
 365 
 366 void HeapShared::initialize_writing_mode() {
 367   assert(!FLAG_IS_ERGO(AOTStreamableObjects), "Should not have been ergonomically set yet");
 368 
 369   if (!CDSConfig::is_dumping_archive()) {
 370     // We use FLAG_IS_CMDLINE below because we are specifically looking to warn
 371     // a user that explicitly sets the flag on the command line for a JVM that is
 372     // not dumping an archive.
 373     if (FLAG_IS_CMDLINE(AOTStreamableObjects)) {
 374       log_warning(cds)("-XX:%cAOTStreamableObjects was specified, "
 375                        "AOTStreamableObjects is only used for writing "
 376                        "the AOT cache.",
 377                        AOTStreamableObjects ? '+' : '-');
 378     }
 379   }
 380 
 381   // The below checks use !FLAG_IS_DEFAULT instead of FLAG_IS_CMDLINE
 382   // because the one step AOT cache creation transfers the AOTStreamableObjects
 383   // flag value from the training JVM to the assembly JVM using an environment
 384   // variable that sets the flag as ERGO in the assembly JVM.
 385   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(AOTStreamableObjects)) {
 386     // By default, the value of AOTStreamableObjects should match !UseCompressedOops.
 387     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(AOTStreamableObjects, !UseCompressedOops);
 388   } else if (!AOTStreamableObjects && UseZGC) {
 389     // Never write mapped heap with ZGC
 390     if (CDSConfig::is_dumping_archive()) {
 391       log_warning(cds)("Heap archiving without streaming not supported for -XX:+UseZGC");
 392     }
 393     FLAG_SET_ERGO(AOTStreamableObjects, true);
 394   }
 395 
 396   if (CDSConfig::is_dumping_archive()) {
 397     // Select default mode
 398     assert(_heap_write_mode == HeapArchiveMode::_uninitialized, "already initialized?");
 399     _heap_write_mode = AOTStreamableObjects ? HeapArchiveMode::_streaming : HeapArchiveMode::_mapping;
 400   }
 401 }
 402 
 403 void HeapShared::initialize_streaming() {
 404   assert(is_loading_streaming_mode(), "shouldn't call this");
 405   if (can_use_archived_heap()) {
 406     AOTStreamedHeapLoader::initialize();
 407   }
 408 }
 409 
 410 void HeapShared::enable_gc() {
 411   if (AOTStreamedHeapLoader::is_in_use()) {
 412     AOTStreamedHeapLoader::enable_gc();
 413   }
 414 }
 415 
 416 void HeapShared::materialize_thread_object() {
 417   if (AOTStreamedHeapLoader::is_in_use()) {
 418     AOTStreamedHeapLoader::materialize_thread_object();
 419   }
 420 }
 421 
 422 void HeapShared::add_to_dumped_interned_strings(oop string) {
 423   assert(HeapShared::is_writing_mapping_mode(), "Only used by this mode");
 424   AOTMappedHeapWriter::add_to_dumped_interned_strings(string);
 425 }
 426 
 427 void HeapShared::finalize_initialization(FileMapInfo* static_mapinfo) {
 428   if (HeapShared::is_loading()) {
 429     if (HeapShared::is_loading_streaming_mode()) {
 430       // Heap initialization can be done only after vtables are initialized by ReadClosure.
 431       AOTStreamedHeapLoader::finish_initialization(static_mapinfo);
 432     } else {
 433       // Finish up archived heap initialization. These must be
 434       // done after ReadClosure.
 435       AOTMappedHeapLoader::finish_initialization(static_mapinfo);
 436     }
 437   }
 438 }
 439 
 440 HeapShared::CachedOopInfo* HeapShared::get_cached_oop_info(oop obj) {
 441   OopHandle oh(Universe::vm_global(), obj);
 442   CachedOopInfo* result = _archived_object_cache->get(oh);
 443   oh.release(Universe::vm_global());
 444   return result;
 445 }
 446 
 447 bool HeapShared::has_been_archived(oop obj) {
 448   assert(CDSConfig::is_dumping_heap(), "dump-time only");
 449   return get_cached_oop_info(obj) != nullptr;
 450 }
 451 
 452 int HeapShared::append_root(oop obj) {
 453   assert(CDSConfig::is_dumping_heap(), "dump-time only");
 454   if (obj != nullptr) {
 455     assert(has_been_archived(obj), "must be");
 456   }
 457   // No GC should happen since we aren't scanning _pending_roots.
 458   assert(Thread::current() == (Thread*)VMThread::vm_thread(), "should be in vm thread");
 459 
 460   OopHandle oh(Universe::vm_global(), obj);
 461   return _pending_roots->append(oh);
 462 }
 463 
 464 // Permanent oops are used to support AOT-compiled methods, which may have in-line references
 465 // to Strings and MH oops.
 466 //
 467 // At runtime, these oops are stored in _runtime_permanent_oops (which keeps them alive forever)
 468 // and are accssed vis AOTCacheAccess::get_archived_object(int).
 469 struct PermanentOopInfo {
 470   int _index;       // Gets assigned only if HeapShared::get_archived_object_permanent_index() has been called on the object
 471   int _heap_offset; // Offset of the object from the bottom of the archived heap.
 472   PermanentOopInfo(int index, int heap_offset) : _index(index), _heap_offset(heap_offset) {}
 473 };
 474 
 475 class PermanentOopTable: public HashTable<OopHandle, PermanentOopInfo,
 476     36137, // prime number
 477     AnyObj::C_HEAP,
 478     mtClassShared,
 479     HeapShared::oop_handle_hash,
 480     HeapShared::oop_handle_equals> {};
 481 
 482 static int _dumptime_permanent_oop_count = 0;
 483 static PermanentOopTable* _dumptime_permanent_oop_table = nullptr;
 484 static GrowableArrayCHeap<OopHandle, mtClassShared>* _runtime_permanent_oops = nullptr;
 485 
 486 // ArchiveHeapWriter adds each archived heap object to _dumptime_permanent_oop_table,
 487 // so we can remember their offset (from the bottom of the archived heap).
 488 void HeapShared::add_to_permanent_oop_table(oop obj, int offset) {
 489   assert_at_safepoint();
 490   if (_dumptime_permanent_oop_table == nullptr) {
 491     _dumptime_permanent_oop_table = new (mtClass)PermanentOopTable();
 492   }
 493 
 494   PermanentOopInfo info(-1, offset);
 495   OopHandle oh(Universe::vm_global(), obj);
 496   _dumptime_permanent_oop_table->put_when_absent(oh, info);
 497 }
 498 
 499 // A permanent index is assigned to an archived object ONLY when
 500 // the AOT compiler calls this function.
 501 int HeapShared::get_archived_object_permanent_index(oop obj) {
 502   MutexLocker ml(ArchivedObjectTables_lock, Mutex::_no_safepoint_check_flag);
 503 
 504   if (!CDSConfig::is_dumping_heap()) {
 505     return -1; // Called by the Leyden old workflow
 506   }
 507   if (_dumptime_permanent_oop_table == nullptr) {
 508     return -1;
 509   }
 510 
 511   if (java_lang_Class::is_instance(obj)) {
 512     obj = scratch_java_mirror(obj);
 513   }
 514 
 515   OopHandle tmp(&obj);
 516   PermanentOopInfo* info = _dumptime_permanent_oop_table->get(tmp);
 517   if (info == nullptr) {
 518     return -1;
 519   } else {
 520     if (info->_index < 0) {
 521       info->_index = _dumptime_permanent_oop_count++;
 522     }
 523     return info->_index;
 524   }
 525 }
 526 
 527 oop HeapShared::get_archived_object(int permanent_index) {
 528   assert(permanent_index >= 0, "sanity");
 529   assert(AOTMappedHeapLoader::is_in_use(), "sanity");
 530   assert(_runtime_permanent_oops != nullptr, "sanity");
 531 
 532   return _runtime_permanent_oops->at(permanent_index).resolve();
 533 }
 534 
 535 // Remember all archived heap objects that have a permanent index.
 536 //   table[i] = offset of oop whose permanent index is i.
 537 void CachedCodeDirectoryInternal::dumptime_init_internal() {
 538   const int count = _dumptime_permanent_oop_count;
 539   if (count == 0) {
 540     // Avoid confusing CDS code with zero-sized tables, just return.
 541     log_info(cds)("No permanent oops");
 542     _permanent_oop_count = count;
 543     _permanent_oop_offsets = nullptr;
 544     return;
 545   }
 546 
 547   int* table = (int*)AOTCacheAccess::allocate_aot_code_region(count * sizeof(int));
 548   for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
 549     table[count] = -1;
 550   }
 551   _dumptime_permanent_oop_table->iterate([&](OopHandle o, PermanentOopInfo& info) {
 552     int index = info._index;
 553     if (index >= 0) {
 554       assert(index < count, "sanity");
 555       table[index] = info._heap_offset;
 556     }
 557     return true; // continue
 558   });
 559 
 560   for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
 561     assert(table[i] >= 0, "must be");
 562   }
 563 
 564   log_info(cds)("Dumped %d permanent oops", count);
 565 
 566   _permanent_oop_count = count;
 567   AOTCacheAccess::set_pointer(&_permanent_oop_offsets, table);
 568 }
 569 
 570 // This is called during the bootstrap of the production run, before any GC can happen.
 571 // Record each permanent oop in a OopHandle for GC safety.
 572 void CachedCodeDirectoryInternal::runtime_init_internal() {
 573   int count = _permanent_oop_count;
 574   int* table = _permanent_oop_offsets;
 575   _runtime_permanent_oops = new GrowableArrayCHeap<OopHandle, mtClassShared>();
 576   for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
 577     oop obj = HeapShared::is_loading_streaming_mode() ?
 578       nullptr : /* FIXME not implemented */
 579       AOTMappedHeapLoader::oop_from_offset(table[i]);
 580     OopHandle oh(Universe::vm_global(), obj);
 581     _runtime_permanent_oops->append(oh);
 582   }
 583 };
 584 
 585 oop HeapShared::get_root(int index, bool clear) {
 586   assert(index >= 0, "sanity");
 587   assert(!CDSConfig::is_dumping_heap() && CDSConfig::is_using_archive(), "runtime only");
 588   assert(is_archived_heap_in_use(), "getting roots into heap that is not used");
 589 
 590   oop result;
 591   if (HeapShared::is_loading_streaming_mode()) {
 592     result = AOTStreamedHeapLoader::get_root(index);
 593   } else {
 594     assert(HeapShared::is_loading_mapping_mode(), "must be");
 595     result = AOTMappedHeapLoader::get_root(index);
 596   }
 597 
 598   if (clear) {
 599     clear_root(index);
 600   }
 601 
 602   return result;
 603 }
 604 
 605 void HeapShared::finish_materialize_objects() {
 606   if (AOTStreamedHeapLoader::is_in_use()) {
 607     AOTStreamedHeapLoader::finish_materialize_objects();
 608   }
 609 }
 610 
 611 void HeapShared::clear_root(int index) {
 612   assert(index >= 0, "sanity");
 613   assert(CDSConfig::is_using_archive(), "must be");
 614   if (is_archived_heap_in_use()) {
 615     if (log_is_enabled(Debug, aot, heap)) {
 616       log_debug(aot, heap)("Clearing root %d: was %zu", index, p2i(get_root(index, false /* clear */)));
 617     }
 618     if (HeapShared::is_loading_streaming_mode()) {
 619       AOTStreamedHeapLoader::clear_root(index);
 620     } else {
 621       assert(HeapShared::is_loading_mapping_mode(), "must be");
 622       AOTMappedHeapLoader::clear_root(index);
 623     }
 624   }
 625 }
 626 
 627 bool HeapShared::archive_object(oop obj, oop referrer, KlassSubGraphInfo* subgraph_info) {
 628   assert(CDSConfig::is_dumping_heap(), "dump-time only");
 629 
 630   assert(!obj->is_stackChunk(), "do not archive stack chunks");
 631   if (has_been_archived(obj)) {
 632     return true;
 633   }
 634 
 635   if (is_too_large_to_archive(obj)) {
 636     log_debug(aot, heap)("Cannot archive, object (" PTR_FORMAT ") is too large: %zu",
 637                          p2i(obj), obj->size());
 638     debug_trace();
 639     return false;
 640   }
 641 
 642   AOTOopChecker::check(obj); // Make sure contents of this oop are safe.
 643   count_allocation(obj->size());
 644 
 645   if (HeapShared::is_writing_streaming_mode()) {
 646     AOTStreamedHeapWriter::add_source_obj(obj);
 647   } else {
 648     AOTMappedHeapWriter::add_source_obj(obj);
 649   }
 650 
 651   OopHandle oh(Universe::vm_global(), obj);
 652   CachedOopInfo info = make_cached_oop_info(obj, referrer);
 653   archived_object_cache()->put_when_absent(oh, info);
 654   archived_object_cache()->maybe_grow();
 655 
 656   Klass* k = obj->klass();
 657   if (k->is_instance_klass()) {
 658     // Whenever we see a non-array Java object of type X, we mark X to be aot-initialized.
 659     // This ensures that during the production run, whenever Java code sees a cached object
 660     // of type X, we know that X is already initialized. (see TODO comment below ...)
 661 
 662     if (InstanceKlass::cast(k)->is_enum_subclass()
 663         // We can't rerun <clinit> of enum classes (see cdsEnumKlass.cpp) so
 664         // we must store them as AOT-initialized.
 665         || (subgraph_info == _dump_time_special_subgraph))
 666         // TODO: we do this only for the special subgraph for now. Extending this to
 667         // other subgraphs would require more refactoring of the core library (such as
 668         // move some initialization logic into runtimeSetup()).
 669         //
 670         // For the other subgraphs, we have a weaker mechanism to ensure that
 671         // all classes in a subgraph are initialized before the subgraph is programmatically
 672         // returned from jdk.internal.misc.CDS::initializeFromArchive().
 673         // See HeapShared::initialize_from_archived_subgraph().
 674     {
 675       AOTArtifactFinder::add_aot_inited_class(InstanceKlass::cast(k));
 676     }
 677 
 678     if (java_lang_Class::is_instance(obj)) {
 679       Klass* mirror_k = java_lang_Class::as_Klass(obj);
 680       if (mirror_k != nullptr) {
 681         AOTArtifactFinder::add_cached_class(mirror_k);
 682       }
 683     } else if (java_lang_invoke_ResolvedMethodName::is_instance(obj)) {
 684       Method* m = java_lang_invoke_ResolvedMethodName::vmtarget(obj);
 685       if (m != nullptr) {
 686         if (RegeneratedClasses::has_been_regenerated(m)) {
 687           m = RegeneratedClasses::get_regenerated_object(m);
 688         }
 689         InstanceKlass* method_holder = m->method_holder();
 690         AOTArtifactFinder::add_cached_class(method_holder);
 691       }
 692     }
 693   }
 694 
 695   if (log_is_enabled(Debug, aot, heap)) {
 696     ResourceMark rm;
 697     LogTarget(Debug, aot, heap) log;
 698     LogStream out(log);
 699     out.print("Archived heap object " PTR_FORMAT " : %s ",
 700               p2i(obj), obj->klass()->external_name());
 701     if (java_lang_Class::is_instance(obj)) {
 702       Klass* k = java_lang_Class::as_Klass(obj);
 703       if (k != nullptr) {
 704         out.print("%s", k->external_name());
 705       } else {
 706         out.print("primitive");
 707       }
 708     }
 709     out.cr();
 710   }
 711 
 712   return true;
 713 }
 714 
 715 class MetaspaceObjToOopHandleTable: public HashTable<MetaspaceObj*, OopHandle,
 716     36137, // prime number
 717     AnyObj::C_HEAP,
 718     mtClassShared> {
 719 public:
 720   oop get_oop(MetaspaceObj* ptr) {
 721     MutexLocker ml(ScratchObjects_lock, Mutex::_no_safepoint_check_flag);
 722     OopHandle* handle = get(ptr);
 723     if (handle != nullptr) {
 724       return handle->resolve();
 725     } else {
 726       return nullptr;
 727     }
 728   }
 729   void set_oop(MetaspaceObj* ptr, oop o) {
 730     MutexLocker ml(ScratchObjects_lock, Mutex::_no_safepoint_check_flag);
 731     OopHandle handle(Universe::vm_global(), o);
 732     bool is_new = put(ptr, handle);
 733     assert(is_new, "cannot set twice");
 734   }
 735   void remove_oop(MetaspaceObj* ptr) {
 736     MutexLocker ml(ScratchObjects_lock, Mutex::_no_safepoint_check_flag);
 737     OopHandle* handle = get(ptr);
 738     if (handle != nullptr) {
 739       handle->release(Universe::vm_global());
 740       remove(ptr);
 741     }
 742   }
 743 };
 744 
 745 void HeapShared::add_scratch_resolved_references(ConstantPool* src, objArrayOop dest) {
 746   if (SystemDictionaryShared::is_builtin_loader(src->pool_holder()->class_loader_data())) {
 747     _scratch_objects_table->set_oop(src, dest);
 748   }
 749 }
 750 
 751 objArrayOop HeapShared::scratch_resolved_references(ConstantPool* src) {
 752   return (objArrayOop)_scratch_objects_table->get_oop(src);
 753 }
 754 
 755 void HeapShared::init_dumping() {
 756   _scratch_objects_table = new (mtClass)MetaspaceObjToOopHandleTable();
 757   _pending_roots = new GrowableArrayCHeap<OopHandle, mtClassShared>(500);
 758 }
 759 
 760 void HeapShared::init_scratch_objects_for_basic_type_mirrors(TRAPS) {
 761   for (int i = T_BOOLEAN; i < T_VOID+1; i++) {
 762     BasicType bt = (BasicType)i;
 763     if (!is_reference_type(bt)) {
 764       oop m = java_lang_Class::create_basic_type_mirror(type2name(bt), bt, CHECK);
 765       _scratch_basic_type_mirrors[i] = OopHandle(Universe::vm_global(), m);
 766     }
 767   }
 768 }
 769 
 770 // Given java_mirror that represents a (primitive or reference) type T,
 771 // return the "scratch" version that represents the same type T.
 772 // Note that if java_mirror will be returned if it's already a
 773 // scratch mirror.
 774 //
 775 // See java_lang_Class::create_scratch_mirror() for more info.
 776 oop HeapShared::scratch_java_mirror(oop java_mirror) {
 777   assert(java_lang_Class::is_instance(java_mirror), "must be");
 778 
 779   for (int i = T_BOOLEAN; i < T_VOID+1; i++) {
 780     BasicType bt = (BasicType)i;
 781     if (!is_reference_type(bt)) {
 782       if (_scratch_basic_type_mirrors[i].resolve() == java_mirror) {
 783         return java_mirror;
 784       }
 785     }
 786   }
 787 
 788   if (java_lang_Class::is_primitive(java_mirror)) {
 789     return scratch_java_mirror(java_lang_Class::as_BasicType(java_mirror));
 790   } else {
 791     return scratch_java_mirror(java_lang_Class::as_Klass(java_mirror));
 792   }
 793 }
 794 
 795 oop HeapShared::scratch_java_mirror(BasicType t) {
 796   assert((uint)t < T_VOID+1, "range check");
 797   assert(!is_reference_type(t), "sanity");
 798   return _scratch_basic_type_mirrors[t].resolve();
 799 }
 800 
 801 oop HeapShared::scratch_java_mirror(Klass* k) {
 802   return _scratch_objects_table->get_oop(k);
 803 }
 804 
 805 void HeapShared::set_scratch_java_mirror(Klass* k, oop mirror) {
 806   _scratch_objects_table->set_oop(k, mirror);
 807 }
 808 
 809 void HeapShared::remove_scratch_objects(Klass* k) {
 810   // Klass is being deallocated. Java mirror can still be alive, and it should not
 811   // point to dead klass. We need to break the link from mirror to the Klass.
 812   // See how InstanceKlass::deallocate_contents does it for normal mirrors.
 813   oop mirror = _scratch_objects_table->get_oop(k);
 814   if (mirror != nullptr) {
 815     java_lang_Class::set_klass(mirror, nullptr);
 816   }
 817   _scratch_objects_table->remove_oop(k);
 818   if (k->is_instance_klass()) {
 819     _scratch_objects_table->remove(InstanceKlass::cast(k)->constants());
 820   }
 821 }
 822 
 823 //TODO: we eventually want a more direct test for these kinds of things.
 824 //For example the JVM could record some bit of context from the creation
 825 //of the klass, such as who called the hidden class factory.  Using
 826 //string compares on names is fragile and will break as soon as somebody
 827 //changes the names in the JDK code.  See discussion in JDK-8342481 for
 828 //related ideas about marking AOT-related classes.
 829 bool HeapShared::is_lambda_form_klass(InstanceKlass* ik) {
 830   return ik->is_hidden() &&
 831     (ik->name()->starts_with("java/lang/invoke/LambdaForm$MH+") ||
 832      ik->name()->starts_with("java/lang/invoke/LambdaForm$DMH+") ||
 833      ik->name()->starts_with("java/lang/invoke/LambdaForm$BMH+") ||
 834      ik->name()->starts_with("java/lang/invoke/LambdaForm$VH+"));
 835 }
 836 
 837 bool HeapShared::is_lambda_proxy_klass(InstanceKlass* ik) {
 838   return ik->is_hidden() && (ik->name()->index_of_at(0, "$$Lambda+", 9) > 0);
 839 }
 840 
 841 bool HeapShared::is_string_concat_klass(InstanceKlass* ik) {
 842   return ik->is_hidden() && ik->name()->starts_with("java/lang/String$$StringConcat");
 843 }
 844 
 845 bool HeapShared::is_archivable_hidden_klass(InstanceKlass* ik) {
 846   return CDSConfig::is_dumping_method_handles() &&
 847     (is_lambda_form_klass(ik) || is_lambda_proxy_klass(ik) || is_string_concat_klass(ik));
 848 }
 849 
 850 
 851 void HeapShared::copy_and_rescan_aot_inited_mirror(InstanceKlass* ik) {
 852   ik->set_has_aot_initialized_mirror();
 853 
 854   oop orig_mirror;
 855   if (RegeneratedClasses::is_regenerated_object(ik)) {
 856     InstanceKlass* orig_ik = RegeneratedClasses::get_original_object(ik);
 857     precond(orig_ik->is_initialized());
 858     orig_mirror = orig_ik->java_mirror();
 859   } else {
 860     precond(ik->is_initialized());
 861     orig_mirror = ik->java_mirror();
 862   }
 863 
 864   oop m = scratch_java_mirror(ik);
 865   int nfields = 0;
 866   for (JavaFieldStream fs(ik); !fs.done(); fs.next()) {
 867     if (fs.access_flags().is_static()) {
 868       fieldDescriptor& fd = fs.field_descriptor();
 869       int offset = fd.offset();
 870       switch (fd.field_type()) {
 871       case T_OBJECT:
 872       case T_ARRAY:
 873         {
 874           oop field_obj = orig_mirror->obj_field(offset);
 875           m->obj_field_put(offset, field_obj);
 876           if (field_obj != nullptr) {
 877             bool success = archive_reachable_objects_from(1, _dump_time_special_subgraph, field_obj);
 878             assert(success, "sanity");
 879           }
 880         }
 881         break;
 882       case T_BOOLEAN:
 883         m->bool_field_put(offset, orig_mirror->bool_field(offset));
 884         break;
 885       case T_BYTE:
 886         m->byte_field_put(offset, orig_mirror->byte_field(offset));
 887         break;
 888       case T_SHORT:
 889         m->short_field_put(offset, orig_mirror->short_field(offset));
 890         break;
 891       case T_CHAR:
 892         m->char_field_put(offset, orig_mirror->char_field(offset));
 893         break;
 894       case T_INT:
 895         m->int_field_put(offset, orig_mirror->int_field(offset));
 896         break;
 897       case T_LONG:
 898         m->long_field_put(offset, orig_mirror->long_field(offset));
 899         break;
 900       case T_FLOAT:
 901         m->float_field_put(offset, orig_mirror->float_field(offset));
 902         break;
 903       case T_DOUBLE:
 904         m->double_field_put(offset, orig_mirror->double_field(offset));
 905         break;
 906       default:
 907         ShouldNotReachHere();
 908       }
 909       nfields ++;
 910     }
 911   }
 912 
 913   oop class_data = java_lang_Class::class_data(orig_mirror);
 914   java_lang_Class::set_class_data(m, class_data);
 915   if (class_data != nullptr) {
 916     bool success = archive_reachable_objects_from(1, _dump_time_special_subgraph, class_data);
 917     assert(success, "sanity");
 918   }
 919 
 920   if (log_is_enabled(Debug, aot, init)) {
 921     ResourceMark rm;
 922     log_debug(aot, init)("copied %3d field(s) in aot-initialized mirror %s%s%s", nfields, ik->external_name(),
 923                          ik->is_hidden() ? " (hidden)" : "",
 924                          ik->is_enum_subclass() ? " (enum)" : "");
 925   }
 926 }
 927 
 928 void HeapShared::copy_java_mirror(oop orig_mirror, oop scratch_m) {
 929   // We need to retain the identity_hash, because it may have been used by some hashtables
 930   // in the shared heap.
 931   if (!orig_mirror->fast_no_hash_check()) {
 932     intptr_t src_hash = orig_mirror->identity_hash();
 933     if (UseCompactObjectHeaders) {
 934       narrowKlass nk = CompressedKlassPointers::encode(orig_mirror->klass());
 935       scratch_m->set_mark(markWord::prototype().set_narrow_klass(nk).copy_set_hash(src_hash));
 936     } else {
 937       scratch_m->set_mark(markWord::prototype().copy_set_hash(src_hash));
 938     }
 939     assert(scratch_m->mark().is_unlocked(), "sanity");
 940 
 941     DEBUG_ONLY(intptr_t archived_hash = scratch_m->identity_hash());
 942     assert(src_hash == archived_hash, "Different hash codes: original " INTPTR_FORMAT ", archived " INTPTR_FORMAT, src_hash, archived_hash);
 943   }
 944 
 945   if (CDSConfig::is_dumping_aot_linked_classes()) {
 946     java_lang_Class::set_module(scratch_m, java_lang_Class::module(orig_mirror));
 947     java_lang_Class::set_protection_domain(scratch_m, java_lang_Class::protection_domain(orig_mirror));
 948   }
 949 
 950   Klass* k = java_lang_Class::as_Klass(orig_mirror); // is null Universe::void_mirror();
 951   if (CDSConfig::is_dumping_reflection_data() &&
 952       k != nullptr && k->is_instance_klass() &&
 953       java_lang_Class::reflection_data(orig_mirror) != nullptr &&
 954       AOTConstantPoolResolver::can_archive_reflection_data(InstanceKlass::cast(k))) {
 955     java_lang_Class::set_reflection_data(scratch_m, java_lang_Class::reflection_data(orig_mirror));
 956   }
 957 }
 958 
 959 static objArrayOop get_archived_resolved_references(InstanceKlass* src_ik) {
 960   if (SystemDictionaryShared::is_builtin_loader(src_ik->class_loader_data())) {
 961     objArrayOop rr = src_ik->constants()->resolved_references_or_null();
 962     if (rr != nullptr && !HeapShared::is_too_large_to_archive(rr)) {
 963       return HeapShared::scratch_resolved_references(src_ik->constants());
 964     }
 965   }
 966   return nullptr;
 967 }
 968 
 969 void HeapShared::archive_strings() {
 970   assert(HeapShared::is_writing_mapping_mode(), "should not reach here");
 971   oop shared_strings_array = StringTable::init_shared_strings_array();
 972   bool success = archive_reachable_objects_from(1, _dump_time_special_subgraph, shared_strings_array);
 973   assert(success, "shared strings array must not point to arrays or strings that are too large to archive");
 974   StringTable::set_shared_strings_array_index(append_root(shared_strings_array));
 975 }
 976 
 977 int HeapShared::archive_exception_instance(oop exception) {
 978   bool success = archive_reachable_objects_from(1, _dump_time_special_subgraph, exception);
 979   assert(success, "sanity");
 980   return append_root(exception);
 981 }
 982 
 983 void HeapShared::get_pointer_info(oop src_obj, bool& has_oop_pointers, bool& has_native_pointers) {
 984   OopHandle oh(&src_obj);
 985   CachedOopInfo* info = archived_object_cache()->get(oh);
 986   assert(info != nullptr, "must be");
 987   has_oop_pointers = info->has_oop_pointers();
 988   has_native_pointers = info->has_native_pointers();
 989 }
 990 
 991 void HeapShared::set_has_native_pointers(oop src_obj) {
 992   OopHandle oh(&src_obj);
 993   CachedOopInfo* info = archived_object_cache()->get(oh);
 994   assert(info != nullptr, "must be");
 995   info->set_has_native_pointers();
 996 }
 997 
 998 // Between start_scanning_for_oops() and end_scanning_for_oops(), we discover all Java heap objects that
 999 // should be stored in the AOT cache. The scanning is coordinated by AOTArtifactFinder.
1000 void HeapShared::start_scanning_for_oops() {
1001   {
1002     NoSafepointVerifier nsv;
1003 
1004     // The special subgraph doesn't belong to any class. We use Object_klass() here just
1005     // for convenience.
1006     _dump_time_special_subgraph = init_subgraph_info(vmClasses::Object_klass(), false);
1007     _context = new GrowableArrayCHeap<const char*, mtClassShared>(250);
1008 
1009     // Cache for recording where the archived objects are copied to
1010     create_archived_object_cache();
1011 
1012     if (HeapShared::is_writing_mapping_mode() && (UseG1GC || UseCompressedOops)) {
1013       aot_log_info(aot)("Heap range = [" PTR_FORMAT " - "  PTR_FORMAT "]",
1014                     UseCompressedOops ? p2i(CompressedOops::begin()) :
1015                                         p2i((address)G1CollectedHeap::heap()->reserved().start()),
1016                     UseCompressedOops ? p2i(CompressedOops::end()) :
1017                                         p2i((address)G1CollectedHeap::heap()->reserved().end()));
1018     }
1019 
1020     archive_subgraphs();
1021   }
1022 
1023   init_seen_objects_table();
1024   Universe::archive_exception_instances();
1025 }
1026 
1027 void HeapShared::end_scanning_for_oops() {
1028   if (is_writing_mapping_mode()) {
1029     archive_strings();
1030   }
1031   delete_seen_objects_table();
1032 }
1033 
1034 void HeapShared::write_heap(ArchiveMappedHeapInfo* mapped_heap_info, ArchiveStreamedHeapInfo* streamed_heap_info) {
1035   {
1036     NoSafepointVerifier nsv;
1037     if (!SkipArchiveHeapVerification) {
1038       CDSHeapVerifier::verify();
1039     }
1040     check_special_subgraph_classes();
1041   }
1042 
1043   GrowableArrayCHeap<oop, mtClassShared>* roots = new GrowableArrayCHeap<oop, mtClassShared>(_pending_roots->length());
1044   for (int i = 0; i < _pending_roots->length(); i++) {
1045     roots->append(_pending_roots->at(i).resolve());
1046   }
1047 
1048   if (HeapShared::is_writing_mapping_mode()) {
1049     StringTable::write_shared_table();
1050     AOTMappedHeapWriter::write(roots, mapped_heap_info);
1051   } else {
1052     assert(HeapShared::is_writing_streaming_mode(), "are there more modes?");
1053     AOTStreamedHeapWriter::write(roots, streamed_heap_info);
1054   }
1055 
1056   delete roots;
1057 
1058   ArchiveBuilder::OtherROAllocMark mark;
1059   write_subgraph_info_table();
1060 }
1061 
1062 void HeapShared::scan_java_mirror(oop orig_mirror) {
1063   oop m = scratch_java_mirror(orig_mirror);
1064   if (m != nullptr) { // nullptr if for custom class loader
1065     copy_java_mirror(orig_mirror, m);
1066     bool success = archive_reachable_objects_from(1, _dump_time_special_subgraph, m);
1067     assert(success, "sanity");
1068 
1069     oop extra;
1070     if ((extra = java_lang_Class::reflection_data(m)) != nullptr) {
1071       success = archive_reachable_objects_from(1, _dump_time_special_subgraph, extra);
1072       assert(success, "sanity");
1073     }
1074   }
1075 }
1076 
1077 void HeapShared::scan_java_class(Klass* orig_k) {
1078   scan_java_mirror(orig_k->java_mirror());
1079 
1080   if (orig_k->is_instance_klass()) {
1081     InstanceKlass* orig_ik = InstanceKlass::cast(orig_k);
1082     orig_ik->constants()->prepare_resolved_references_for_archiving();
1083     objArrayOop rr = get_archived_resolved_references(orig_ik);
1084     if (rr != nullptr) {
1085       bool success = HeapShared::archive_reachable_objects_from(1, _dump_time_special_subgraph, rr);
1086       assert(success, "must be");
1087     }
1088   }
1089 }
1090 
1091 void HeapShared::archive_subgraphs() {
1092   assert(CDSConfig::is_dumping_heap(), "must be");
1093 
1094   archive_object_subgraphs(archive_subgraph_entry_fields,
1095                            false /* is_full_module_graph */);
1096 
1097   if (CDSConfig::is_dumping_full_module_graph()) {
1098     archive_object_subgraphs(fmg_archive_subgraph_entry_fields,
1099                              true /* is_full_module_graph */);
1100     Modules::verify_archived_modules();
1101   }
1102 }
1103 
1104 //
1105 // Subgraph archiving support
1106 //
1107 HeapShared::DumpTimeKlassSubGraphInfoTable* HeapShared::_dump_time_subgraph_info_table = nullptr;
1108 HeapShared::RunTimeKlassSubGraphInfoTable   HeapShared::_run_time_subgraph_info_table;
1109 
1110 // Get the subgraph_info for Klass k. A new subgraph_info is created if
1111 // there is no existing one for k. The subgraph_info records the "buffered"
1112 // address of the class.
1113 KlassSubGraphInfo* HeapShared::init_subgraph_info(Klass* k, bool is_full_module_graph) {
1114   assert(CDSConfig::is_dumping_heap(), "dump time only");
1115   bool created;
1116   KlassSubGraphInfo* info =
1117     _dump_time_subgraph_info_table->put_if_absent(k, KlassSubGraphInfo(k, is_full_module_graph),
1118                                                   &created);
1119   assert(created, "must not initialize twice");
1120   return info;
1121 }
1122 
1123 KlassSubGraphInfo* HeapShared::get_subgraph_info(Klass* k) {
1124   assert(CDSConfig::is_dumping_heap(), "dump time only");
1125   KlassSubGraphInfo* info = _dump_time_subgraph_info_table->get(k);
1126   assert(info != nullptr, "must have been initialized");
1127   return info;
1128 }
1129 
1130 // Add an entry field to the current KlassSubGraphInfo.
1131 void KlassSubGraphInfo::add_subgraph_entry_field(int static_field_offset, oop v) {
1132   assert(CDSConfig::is_dumping_heap(), "dump time only");
1133   if (_subgraph_entry_fields == nullptr) {
1134     _subgraph_entry_fields =
1135       new (mtClass) GrowableArray<int>(10, mtClass);
1136   }
1137   _subgraph_entry_fields->append(static_field_offset);
1138   if (v == nullptr) {
1139     _subgraph_entry_fields->append(-1);
1140   } else {
1141     _subgraph_entry_fields->append(HeapShared::append_root(v));
1142   }
1143 }
1144 
1145 // Add the Klass* for an object in the current KlassSubGraphInfo's subgraphs.
1146 // Only objects of boot classes can be included in sub-graph.
1147 void KlassSubGraphInfo::add_subgraph_object_klass(Klass* orig_k) {
1148   assert(CDSConfig::is_dumping_heap(), "dump time only");
1149 
1150   if (_subgraph_object_klasses == nullptr) {
1151     _subgraph_object_klasses =
1152       new (mtClass) GrowableArray<Klass*>(50, mtClass);
1153   }
1154 
1155   if (_k == orig_k) {
1156     // Don't add the Klass containing the sub-graph to it's own klass
1157     // initialization list.
1158     return;
1159   }
1160 
1161   if (orig_k->is_instance_klass()) {
1162 #ifdef ASSERT
1163     InstanceKlass* ik = InstanceKlass::cast(orig_k);
1164     if (CDSConfig::is_dumping_method_handles()) {
1165       // -XX:AOTInitTestClass must be used carefully in regression tests to
1166       // include only classes that are safe to aot-initialize.
1167       assert(ik->class_loader() == nullptr ||
1168              HeapShared::is_lambda_proxy_klass(ik) ||
1169              AOTClassInitializer::has_test_class(),
1170             "we can archive only instances of boot classes or lambda proxy classes");
1171     } else {
1172       assert(ik->class_loader() == nullptr, "must be boot class");
1173     }
1174 #endif
1175     // vmClasses::xxx_klass() are not updated, need to check
1176     // the original Klass*
1177     if (orig_k == vmClasses::String_klass() ||
1178         orig_k == vmClasses::Object_klass()) {
1179       // Initialized early during VM initialization. No need to be added
1180       // to the sub-graph object class list.
1181       return;
1182     }
1183     check_allowed_klass(InstanceKlass::cast(orig_k));
1184   } else if (orig_k->is_objArray_klass()) {
1185     Klass* abk = ObjArrayKlass::cast(orig_k)->bottom_klass();
1186     if (abk->is_instance_klass()) {
1187       assert(InstanceKlass::cast(abk)->defined_by_boot_loader(),
1188             "must be boot class");
1189       check_allowed_klass(InstanceKlass::cast(ObjArrayKlass::cast(orig_k)->bottom_klass()));
1190     }
1191     if (orig_k == Universe::objectArrayKlass()) {
1192       // Initialized early during Universe::genesis. No need to be added
1193       // to the list.
1194       return;
1195     }
1196   } else {
1197     assert(orig_k->is_typeArray_klass(), "must be");
1198     // Primitive type arrays are created early during Universe::genesis.
1199     return;
1200   }
1201 
1202   if (log_is_enabled(Debug, aot, heap)) {
1203     if (!_subgraph_object_klasses->contains(orig_k)) {
1204       ResourceMark rm;
1205       log_debug(aot, heap)("Adding klass %s", orig_k->external_name());
1206     }
1207   }
1208 
1209   _subgraph_object_klasses->append_if_missing(orig_k);
1210   _has_non_early_klasses |= is_non_early_klass(orig_k);
1211 }
1212 
1213 void KlassSubGraphInfo::check_allowed_klass(InstanceKlass* ik) {
1214 #ifndef PRODUCT
1215   if (AOTClassInitializer::has_test_class()) {
1216     // The tests can cache arbitrary types of objects.
1217     return;
1218   }
1219 #endif
1220 
1221   if (ik->module()->name() == vmSymbols::java_base()) {
1222     assert(ik->package() != nullptr, "classes in java.base cannot be in unnamed package");
1223     return;
1224   }
1225 
1226   const char* lambda_msg = "";
1227   if (CDSConfig::is_dumping_method_handles()) {
1228     lambda_msg = ", or a lambda proxy class";
1229     if (HeapShared::is_lambda_proxy_klass(ik) &&
1230         (ik->class_loader() == nullptr ||
1231          ik->class_loader() == SystemDictionary::java_platform_loader() ||
1232          ik->class_loader() == SystemDictionary::java_system_loader())) {
1233       return;
1234     }
1235   }
1236 
1237 #ifndef PRODUCT
1238   if (!ik->module()->is_named() && ik->package() == nullptr && ArchiveHeapTestClass != nullptr) {
1239     // This class is loaded by ArchiveHeapTestClass
1240     return;
1241   }
1242   const char* testcls_msg = ", or a test class in an unnamed package of an unnamed module";
1243 #else
1244   const char* testcls_msg = "";
1245 #endif
1246 
1247   ResourceMark rm;
1248   log_error(aot, heap)("Class %s not allowed in archive heap. Must be in java.base%s%s",
1249                        ik->external_name(), lambda_msg, testcls_msg);
1250   AOTMetaspace::unrecoverable_writing_error();
1251 }
1252 
1253 bool KlassSubGraphInfo::is_non_early_klass(Klass* k) {
1254   if (k->is_objArray_klass()) {
1255     k = ObjArrayKlass::cast(k)->bottom_klass();
1256   }
1257   if (k->is_instance_klass()) {
1258     if (!SystemDictionaryShared::is_early_klass(InstanceKlass::cast(k))) {
1259       ResourceMark rm;
1260       log_info(aot, heap)("non-early: %s", k->external_name());
1261       return true;
1262     } else {
1263       return false;
1264     }
1265   } else {
1266     return false;
1267   }
1268 }
1269 
1270 // Initialize an archived subgraph_info_record from the given KlassSubGraphInfo.
1271 void ArchivedKlassSubGraphInfoRecord::init(KlassSubGraphInfo* info) {
1272   _k = ArchiveBuilder::get_buffered_klass(info->klass());
1273   _entry_field_records = nullptr;
1274   _subgraph_object_klasses = nullptr;
1275   _is_full_module_graph = info->is_full_module_graph();
1276 
1277   if (_is_full_module_graph) {
1278     // Consider all classes referenced by the full module graph as early -- we will be
1279     // allocating objects of these classes during JVMTI early phase, so they cannot
1280     // be processed by (non-early) JVMTI ClassFileLoadHook
1281     _has_non_early_klasses = false;
1282   } else {
1283     _has_non_early_klasses = info->has_non_early_klasses();
1284   }
1285 
1286   if (_has_non_early_klasses) {
1287     ResourceMark rm;
1288     log_info(aot, heap)(
1289           "Subgraph of klass %s has non-early klasses and cannot be used when JVMTI ClassFileLoadHook is enabled",
1290           _k->external_name());
1291   }
1292 
1293   // populate the entry fields
1294   GrowableArray<int>* entry_fields = info->subgraph_entry_fields();
1295   if (entry_fields != nullptr) {
1296     int num_entry_fields = entry_fields->length();
1297     assert(num_entry_fields % 2 == 0, "sanity");
1298     _entry_field_records =
1299       ArchiveBuilder::new_ro_array<int>(num_entry_fields);
1300     for (int i = 0 ; i < num_entry_fields; i++) {
1301       _entry_field_records->at_put(i, entry_fields->at(i));
1302     }
1303   }
1304 
1305   // <recorded_klasses> has the Klasses of all the objects that are referenced by this subgraph.
1306   // Copy those that need to be explicitly initialized into <_subgraph_object_klasses>.
1307   GrowableArray<Klass*>* recorded_klasses = info->subgraph_object_klasses();
1308   if (recorded_klasses != nullptr) {
1309     // AOT-inited classes are automatically marked as "initialized" during bootstrap. When
1310     // programmatically loading a subgraph, we only need to explicitly initialize the classes
1311     // that are not aot-inited.
1312     int num_to_copy = 0;
1313     for (int i = 0; i < recorded_klasses->length(); i++) {
1314       Klass* subgraph_k = ArchiveBuilder::get_buffered_klass(recorded_klasses->at(i));
1315       if (!subgraph_k->has_aot_initialized_mirror()) {
1316         num_to_copy ++;
1317       }
1318     }
1319 
1320     _subgraph_object_klasses = ArchiveBuilder::new_ro_array<Klass*>(num_to_copy);
1321     bool is_special = (_k == ArchiveBuilder::get_buffered_klass(vmClasses::Object_klass()));
1322     for (int i = 0, n = 0; i < recorded_klasses->length(); i++) {
1323       Klass* subgraph_k = ArchiveBuilder::get_buffered_klass(recorded_klasses->at(i));
1324       if (subgraph_k->has_aot_initialized_mirror()) {
1325         continue;
1326       }
1327       if (log_is_enabled(Info, aot, heap)) {
1328         ResourceMark rm;
1329         const char* owner_name =  is_special ? "<special>" : _k->external_name();
1330         if (subgraph_k->is_instance_klass()) {
1331           InstanceKlass* src_ik = InstanceKlass::cast(ArchiveBuilder::current()->get_source_addr(subgraph_k));
1332         }
1333         log_info(aot, heap)(
1334           "Archived object klass %s (%2d) => %s",
1335           owner_name, n, subgraph_k->external_name());
1336       }
1337       _subgraph_object_klasses->at_put(n, subgraph_k);
1338       ArchivePtrMarker::mark_pointer(_subgraph_object_klasses->adr_at(n));
1339       n++;
1340     }
1341   }
1342 
1343   ArchivePtrMarker::mark_pointer(&_k);
1344   ArchivePtrMarker::mark_pointer(&_entry_field_records);
1345   ArchivePtrMarker::mark_pointer(&_subgraph_object_klasses);
1346 }
1347 
1348 class HeapShared::CopyKlassSubGraphInfoToArchive : StackObj {
1349   CompactHashtableWriter* _writer;
1350 public:
1351   CopyKlassSubGraphInfoToArchive(CompactHashtableWriter* writer) : _writer(writer) {}
1352 
1353   bool do_entry(Klass* klass, KlassSubGraphInfo& info) {
1354     if (info.subgraph_object_klasses() != nullptr || info.subgraph_entry_fields() != nullptr) {
1355       ArchivedKlassSubGraphInfoRecord* record = HeapShared::archive_subgraph_info(&info);
1356       Klass* buffered_k = ArchiveBuilder::get_buffered_klass(klass);
1357       unsigned int hash = SystemDictionaryShared::hash_for_shared_dictionary((address)buffered_k);
1358       u4 delta = ArchiveBuilder::current()->any_to_offset_u4(record);
1359       _writer->add(hash, delta);
1360     }
1361     return true; // keep on iterating
1362   }
1363 };
1364 
1365 ArchivedKlassSubGraphInfoRecord* HeapShared::archive_subgraph_info(KlassSubGraphInfo* info) {
1366   ArchivedKlassSubGraphInfoRecord* record =
1367       (ArchivedKlassSubGraphInfoRecord*)ArchiveBuilder::ro_region_alloc(sizeof(ArchivedKlassSubGraphInfoRecord));
1368   record->init(info);
1369   if (info ==  _dump_time_special_subgraph) {
1370     _run_time_special_subgraph = record;
1371   }
1372   return record;
1373 }
1374 
1375 // Build the records of archived subgraph infos, which include:
1376 // - Entry points to all subgraphs from the containing class mirror. The entry
1377 //   points are static fields in the mirror. For each entry point, the field
1378 //   offset, and value are recorded in the sub-graph
1379 //   info. The value is stored back to the corresponding field at runtime.
1380 // - A list of klasses that need to be loaded/initialized before archived
1381 //   java object sub-graph can be accessed at runtime.
1382 void HeapShared::write_subgraph_info_table() {
1383   // Allocate the contents of the hashtable(s) inside the RO region of the CDS archive.
1384   DumpTimeKlassSubGraphInfoTable* d_table = _dump_time_subgraph_info_table;
1385   CompactHashtableStats stats;
1386 
1387   _run_time_subgraph_info_table.reset();
1388 
1389   CompactHashtableWriter writer(d_table->number_of_entries(), &stats);
1390   CopyKlassSubGraphInfoToArchive copy(&writer);
1391   d_table->iterate(&copy);
1392   writer.dump(&_run_time_subgraph_info_table, "subgraphs");
1393 
1394 #ifndef PRODUCT
1395   if (ArchiveHeapTestClass != nullptr) {
1396     size_t len = strlen(ArchiveHeapTestClass) + 1;
1397     Array<char>* array = ArchiveBuilder::new_ro_array<char>((int)len);
1398     strncpy(array->adr_at(0), ArchiveHeapTestClass, len);
1399     _archived_ArchiveHeapTestClass = array;
1400   }
1401 #endif
1402   if (log_is_enabled(Info, aot, heap)) {
1403     print_stats();
1404   }
1405 }
1406 
1407 void HeapShared::serialize_tables(SerializeClosure* soc) {
1408 
1409 #ifndef PRODUCT
1410   soc->do_ptr(&_archived_ArchiveHeapTestClass);
1411   if (soc->reading() && _archived_ArchiveHeapTestClass != nullptr) {
1412     _test_class_name = _archived_ArchiveHeapTestClass->adr_at(0);
1413     setup_test_class(_test_class_name);
1414   }
1415 #endif
1416 
1417   _run_time_subgraph_info_table.serialize_header(soc);
1418   soc->do_ptr(&_run_time_special_subgraph);
1419 }
1420 
1421 static void verify_the_heap(Klass* k, const char* which) {
1422   if (VerifyArchivedFields > 0) {
1423     ResourceMark rm;
1424     log_info(aot, heap)("Verify heap %s initializing static field(s) in %s",
1425                         which, k->external_name());
1426 
1427     if (VerifyArchivedFields == 1) {
1428       VM_Verify verify_op;
1429       VMThread::execute(&verify_op);
1430     } else if (VerifyArchivedFields == 2 && is_init_completed()) {
1431       // At this time, the oop->klass() of some archived objects in the heap may not
1432       // have been loaded into the system dictionary yet. Nevertheless, oop->klass() should
1433       // have enough information (object size, oop maps, etc) so that a GC can be safely
1434       // performed.
1435       //
1436       // -XX:VerifyArchivedFields=2 force a GC to happen in such an early stage
1437       // to check for GC safety.
1438       log_info(aot, heap)("Trigger GC %s initializing static field(s) in %s",
1439                           which, k->external_name());
1440       FlagSetting fs1(VerifyBeforeGC, true);
1441       FlagSetting fs2(VerifyDuringGC, true);
1442       FlagSetting fs3(VerifyAfterGC,  true);
1443       Universe::heap()->collect(GCCause::_java_lang_system_gc);
1444     }
1445   }
1446 }
1447 
1448 // Before GC can execute, we must ensure that all oops reachable from HeapShared::roots()
1449 // have a valid klass. I.e., oopDesc::klass() must have already been resolved.
1450 //
1451 // Note: if a ArchivedKlassSubGraphInfoRecord contains non-early classes, and JVMTI
1452 // ClassFileLoadHook is enabled, it's possible for this class to be dynamically replaced. In
1453 // this case, we will not load the ArchivedKlassSubGraphInfoRecord and will clear its roots.
1454 void HeapShared::resolve_classes(JavaThread* current) {
1455   assert(CDSConfig::is_using_archive(), "runtime only!");
1456   if (!is_archived_heap_in_use()) {
1457     return; // nothing to do
1458   }
1459 
1460   if (!CDSConfig::is_using_aot_linked_classes()) {
1461     assert( _run_time_special_subgraph != nullptr, "must be");
1462     Array<Klass*>* klasses = _run_time_special_subgraph->subgraph_object_klasses();
1463     if (klasses != nullptr) {
1464       for (int i = 0; i < klasses->length(); i++) {
1465         Klass* k = klasses->at(i);
1466         ExceptionMark em(current); // no exception can happen here
1467         resolve_or_init(k, /*do_init*/false, current);
1468       }
1469     }
1470   }
1471 
1472   resolve_classes_for_subgraphs(current, archive_subgraph_entry_fields);
1473   resolve_classes_for_subgraphs(current, fmg_archive_subgraph_entry_fields);
1474 }
1475 
1476 void HeapShared::resolve_classes_for_subgraphs(JavaThread* current, ArchivableStaticFieldInfo fields[]) {
1477   for (int i = 0; fields[i].valid(); i++) {
1478     ArchivableStaticFieldInfo* info = &fields[i];
1479     TempNewSymbol klass_name = SymbolTable::new_symbol(info->klass_name);
1480     InstanceKlass* k = SystemDictionaryShared::find_builtin_class(klass_name);
1481     assert(k != nullptr && k->defined_by_boot_loader(), "sanity");
1482     resolve_classes_for_subgraph_of(current, k);
1483   }
1484 }
1485 
1486 void HeapShared::resolve_classes_for_subgraph_of(JavaThread* current, Klass* k) {
1487   JavaThread* THREAD = current;
1488   ExceptionMark em(THREAD);
1489   const ArchivedKlassSubGraphInfoRecord* record =
1490    resolve_or_init_classes_for_subgraph_of(k, /*do_init=*/false, THREAD);
1491   if (HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION) {
1492    CLEAR_PENDING_EXCEPTION;
1493   }
1494   if (record == nullptr) {
1495    clear_archived_roots_of(k);
1496   }
1497 }
1498 
1499 static const char* java_lang_invoke_core_klasses[] = {
1500   "java/lang/invoke/Invokers$Holder",
1501   "java/lang/invoke/MethodHandle",
1502   "java/lang/invoke/MethodHandleNatives",
1503   "java/lang/invoke/DirectMethodHandle$Holder",
1504   "java/lang/invoke/DelegatingMethodHandle$Holder",
1505   "java/lang/invoke/LambdaForm$Holder",
1506   "java/lang/invoke/BoundMethodHandle$Species_L",
1507 };
1508 
1509 void HeapShared::initialize_java_lang_invoke(TRAPS) {
1510   if (CDSConfig::is_using_aot_linked_classes() || CDSConfig::is_dumping_method_handles()) {
1511     int len = sizeof(java_lang_invoke_core_klasses)/sizeof(char*);
1512     for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {
1513       resolve_or_init(java_lang_invoke_core_klasses[i], true, CHECK);
1514     }
1515   }
1516 }
1517 
1518 bool HeapShared::is_core_java_lang_invoke_klass(InstanceKlass* klass) {
1519   // TODO: Crude, rewrite using Symbols or vmClasses instead
1520   ResourceMark rm;
1521   char* s2 = klass->name()->as_C_string();
1522   int len = sizeof(java_lang_invoke_core_klasses)/sizeof(char*);
1523   for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {
1524     if (strcmp(java_lang_invoke_core_klasses[i], s2) == 0) {
1525       return true;
1526     }
1527   }
1528   return false;
1529 }
1530 
1531 // Initialize the InstanceKlasses of objects that are reachable from the following roots:
1532 //   - interned strings
1533 //   - Klass::java_mirror() -- including aot-initialized mirrors such as those of Enum klasses.
1534 //   - ConstantPool::resolved_references()
1535 //   - Universe::<xxx>_exception_instance()
1536 //
1537 // For example, if this enum class is initialized at AOT cache assembly time:
1538 //
1539 //    enum Fruit {
1540 //       APPLE, ORANGE, BANANA;
1541 //       static final Set<Fruit> HAVE_SEEDS = new HashSet<>(Arrays.asList(APPLE, ORANGE));
1542 //   }
1543 //
1544 // the aot-initialized mirror of Fruit has a static field that references HashSet, which
1545 // should be initialized before any Java code can access the Fruit class. Note that
1546 // HashSet itself doesn't necessary need to be an aot-initialized class.
1547 void HeapShared::init_classes_for_special_subgraph(Handle class_loader, TRAPS) {
1548   if (!is_archived_heap_in_use()) {
1549     return;
1550   }
1551 
1552   assert( _run_time_special_subgraph != nullptr, "must be");
1553   Array<Klass*>* klasses = _run_time_special_subgraph->subgraph_object_klasses();
1554   if (klasses != nullptr) {
1555     for (int pass = 0; pass < 2; pass ++) {
1556       for (int i = 0; i < klasses->length(); i++) {
1557         Klass* k = klasses->at(i);
1558         if (k->class_loader_data() == nullptr) {
1559           // This class is not yet loaded. We will initialize it in a later phase.
1560           // For example, we have loaded only AOTLinkedClassCategory::BOOT1 classes
1561           // but k is part of AOTLinkedClassCategory::BOOT2.
1562           continue;
1563         }
1564         if (k->class_loader() == class_loader()) {
1565           if (pass == 0) {
1566             if (k->is_instance_klass()) {
1567               InstanceKlass::cast(k)->link_class(CHECK);
1568             }
1569           } else {
1570             resolve_or_init(k, /*do_init*/true, CHECK);
1571           }
1572         }
1573       }
1574     }
1575   }
1576 }
1577 
1578 void HeapShared::initialize_from_archived_subgraph(JavaThread* current, Klass* k) {
1579   JavaThread* THREAD = current;
1580   if (!is_archived_heap_in_use()) {
1581     return; // nothing to do
1582   }
1583 
1584   if (k->name()->equals("jdk/internal/module/ArchivedModuleGraph") &&
1585       !CDSConfig::is_using_optimized_module_handling() &&
1586       // archive was created with --module-path
1587       AOTClassLocationConfig::runtime()->num_module_paths() > 0) {
1588     // ArchivedModuleGraph was created with a --module-path that's different than the runtime --module-path.
1589     // Thus, it might contain references to modules that do not exist at runtime. We cannot use it.
1590     log_info(aot, heap)("Skip initializing ArchivedModuleGraph subgraph: is_using_optimized_module_handling=%s num_module_paths=%d",
1591                         BOOL_TO_STR(CDSConfig::is_using_optimized_module_handling()),
1592                         AOTClassLocationConfig::runtime()->num_module_paths());
1593     return;
1594   }
1595 
1596   ExceptionMark em(THREAD);
1597   const ArchivedKlassSubGraphInfoRecord* record =
1598     resolve_or_init_classes_for_subgraph_of(k, /*do_init=*/true, THREAD);
1599 
1600   if (HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION) {
1601     CLEAR_PENDING_EXCEPTION;
1602     // None of the field value will be set if there was an exception when initializing the classes.
1603     // The java code will not see any of the archived objects in the
1604     // subgraphs referenced from k in this case.
1605     return;
1606   }
1607 
1608   if (record != nullptr) {
1609     init_archived_fields_for(k, record);
1610   }
1611 }
1612 
1613 const ArchivedKlassSubGraphInfoRecord*
1614 HeapShared::resolve_or_init_classes_for_subgraph_of(Klass* k, bool do_init, TRAPS) {
1615   assert(!CDSConfig::is_dumping_heap(), "Should not be called when dumping heap");
1616 
1617   if (!k->in_aot_cache()) {
1618     return nullptr;
1619   }
1620   unsigned int hash = SystemDictionaryShared::hash_for_shared_dictionary_quick(k);
1621   const ArchivedKlassSubGraphInfoRecord* record = _run_time_subgraph_info_table.lookup(k, hash, 0);
1622 
1623 #ifndef PRODUCT
1624   if (_test_class_name != nullptr && k->name()->equals(_test_class_name) && record != nullptr) {
1625     _test_class = k;
1626     _test_class_record = record;
1627   }
1628 #endif
1629 
1630   // Initialize from archived data. Currently this is done only
1631   // during VM initialization time. No lock is needed.
1632   if (record == nullptr) {
1633     if (log_is_enabled(Info, aot, heap)) {
1634       ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
1635       log_info(aot, heap)("subgraph %s is not recorded",
1636                           k->external_name());
1637     }
1638     return nullptr;
1639   } else {
1640     if (record->is_full_module_graph() && !CDSConfig::is_using_full_module_graph()) {
1641       if (log_is_enabled(Info, aot, heap)) {
1642         ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
1643         log_info(aot, heap)("subgraph %s cannot be used because full module graph is disabled",
1644                             k->external_name());
1645       }
1646       return nullptr;
1647     }
1648 
1649     if (record->has_non_early_klasses() && JvmtiExport::should_post_class_file_load_hook()) {
1650       if (log_is_enabled(Info, aot, heap)) {
1651         ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
1652         log_info(aot, heap)("subgraph %s cannot be used because JVMTI ClassFileLoadHook is enabled",
1653                             k->external_name());
1654       }
1655       return nullptr;
1656     }
1657 
1658     if (log_is_enabled(Info, aot, heap)) {
1659       ResourceMark rm;
1660       log_info(aot, heap)("%s subgraph %s ", do_init ? "init" : "resolve", k->external_name());
1661     }
1662 
1663     resolve_or_init(k, do_init, CHECK_NULL);
1664 
1665     // Load/link/initialize the klasses of the objects in the subgraph.
1666     // nullptr class loader is used.
1667     Array<Klass*>* klasses = record->subgraph_object_klasses();
1668     if (klasses != nullptr) {
1669       for (int i = 0; i < klasses->length(); i++) {
1670         Klass* klass = klasses->at(i);
1671         if (!klass->in_aot_cache()) {
1672           return nullptr;
1673         }
1674         resolve_or_init(klass, do_init, CHECK_NULL);
1675       }
1676     }
1677   }
1678 
1679   return record;
1680 }
1681 
1682 void HeapShared::resolve_or_init(const char* klass_name, bool do_init, TRAPS) {
1683   TempNewSymbol klass_name_sym =  SymbolTable::new_symbol(klass_name);
1684   InstanceKlass* k = SystemDictionaryShared::find_builtin_class(klass_name_sym);
1685   if (k == nullptr) {
1686     return;
1687   }
1688   assert(k->defined_by_boot_loader(), "sanity");
1689   resolve_or_init(k, false, CHECK);
1690   if (do_init) {
1691     resolve_or_init(k, true, CHECK);
1692   }
1693 }
1694 
1695 void HeapShared::resolve_or_init(Klass* k, bool do_init, TRAPS) {
1696   if (!do_init) {
1697     if (k->class_loader_data() == nullptr) {
1698       Klass* resolved_k = SystemDictionary::resolve_or_null(k->name(), CHECK);
1699       assert(resolved_k == k, "classes used by archived heap must not be replaced by JVMTI ClassFileLoadHook");
1700     }
1701   } else {
1702     assert(k->class_loader_data() != nullptr, "must have been resolved by HeapShared::resolve_classes");
1703     if (k->is_instance_klass()) {
1704       InstanceKlass* ik = InstanceKlass::cast(k);
1705       ik->initialize(CHECK);
1706     } else if (k->is_objArray_klass()) {
1707       ObjArrayKlass* oak = ObjArrayKlass::cast(k);
1708       oak->initialize(CHECK);
1709     }
1710   }
1711 }
1712 
1713 void HeapShared::init_archived_fields_for(Klass* k, const ArchivedKlassSubGraphInfoRecord* record) {
1714   verify_the_heap(k, "before");
1715 
1716   Array<int>* entry_field_records = record->entry_field_records();
1717   if (entry_field_records != nullptr) {
1718     int efr_len = entry_field_records->length();
1719     assert(efr_len % 2 == 0, "sanity");
1720     for (int i = 0; i < efr_len; i += 2) {
1721       int field_offset = entry_field_records->at(i);
1722       int root_index = entry_field_records->at(i+1);
1723       // Load the subgraph entry fields from the record and store them back to
1724       // the corresponding fields within the mirror.
1725       oop v;
1726       if (root_index < 0) {
1727         v = nullptr;
1728       } else {
1729         v = get_root(root_index, /*clear=*/true);
1730       }
1731       oop m = k->java_mirror();
1732       if (k->has_aot_initialized_mirror()) {
1733         assert(v == m->obj_field(field_offset), "must be aot-initialized");
1734       } else {
1735         m->obj_field_put(field_offset, v);
1736       }
1737       log_debug(aot, heap)("  " PTR_FORMAT " init field @ %2d = " PTR_FORMAT, p2i(k), field_offset, p2i(v));
1738     }
1739 
1740     // Done. Java code can see the archived sub-graphs referenced from k's
1741     // mirror after this point.
1742     if (log_is_enabled(Info, aot, heap)) {
1743       ResourceMark rm;
1744       log_info(aot, heap)("initialize_from_archived_subgraph %s " PTR_FORMAT "%s%s",
1745                           k->external_name(), p2i(k), JvmtiExport::is_early_phase() ? " (early)" : "",
1746                           k->has_aot_initialized_mirror() ? " (aot-inited)" : "");
1747     }
1748   }
1749 
1750   verify_the_heap(k, "after ");
1751 }
1752 
1753 void HeapShared::clear_archived_roots_of(Klass* k) {
1754   unsigned int hash = SystemDictionaryShared::hash_for_shared_dictionary_quick(k);
1755   const ArchivedKlassSubGraphInfoRecord* record = _run_time_subgraph_info_table.lookup(k, hash, 0);
1756   if (record != nullptr) {
1757     Array<int>* entry_field_records = record->entry_field_records();
1758     if (entry_field_records != nullptr) {
1759       int efr_len = entry_field_records->length();
1760       assert(efr_len % 2 == 0, "sanity");
1761       for (int i = 0; i < efr_len; i += 2) {
1762         int root_index = entry_field_records->at(i+1);
1763         clear_root(root_index);
1764       }
1765     }
1766   }
1767 }
1768 
1769 // Push all oop fields (or oop array elemenets in case of an objArray) in
1770 // _referencing_obj onto the _stack.
1771 class HeapShared::OopFieldPusher: public BasicOopIterateClosure {
1772   PendingOopStack* _stack;
1773   GrowableArray<oop> _found_oop_fields;
1774   int _level;
1775   bool _record_klasses_only;
1776   KlassSubGraphInfo* _subgraph_info;
1777   oop _referencing_obj;
1778   bool _is_java_lang_ref;
1779  public:
1780   OopFieldPusher(PendingOopStack* stack,
1781                  int level,
1782                  bool record_klasses_only,
1783                  KlassSubGraphInfo* subgraph_info,
1784                  oop orig) :
1785     _stack(stack),
1786     _found_oop_fields(),
1787     _level(level),
1788     _record_klasses_only(record_klasses_only),
1789     _subgraph_info(subgraph_info),
1790     _referencing_obj(orig) {
1791     _is_java_lang_ref = AOTReferenceObjSupport::check_if_ref_obj(orig);
1792   }
1793   void do_oop(narrowOop *p) { OopFieldPusher::do_oop_work(p); }
1794   void do_oop(      oop *p) { OopFieldPusher::do_oop_work(p); }
1795 
1796   ~OopFieldPusher() {
1797     while (_found_oop_fields.length() > 0) {
1798       // This produces the exact same traversal order as the previous version
1799       // of OopFieldPusher that recurses on the C stack -- a depth-first search,
1800       // walking the oop fields in _referencing_obj by ascending field offsets.
1801       oop obj = _found_oop_fields.pop();
1802       _stack->push(PendingOop(obj, _referencing_obj, _level + 1));
1803     }
1804   }
1805 
1806  protected:
1807   template <class T> void do_oop_work(T *p) {
1808     int field_offset = pointer_delta_as_int((char*)p, cast_from_oop<char*>(_referencing_obj));
1809     oop obj = HeapAccess<ON_UNKNOWN_OOP_REF>::oop_load_at(_referencing_obj, field_offset);
1810     if (obj != nullptr) {
1811       if (_is_java_lang_ref && AOTReferenceObjSupport::skip_field(field_offset)) {
1812         // Do not follow these fields. They will be cleared to null.
1813         return;
1814       }
1815 
1816       if (!_record_klasses_only && log_is_enabled(Debug, aot, heap)) {
1817         ResourceMark rm;
1818         log_debug(aot, heap)("(%d) %s[%d] ==> " PTR_FORMAT " size %zu %s", _level,
1819                              _referencing_obj->klass()->external_name(), field_offset,
1820                              p2i(obj), obj->size() * HeapWordSize, obj->klass()->external_name());
1821         if (log_is_enabled(Trace, aot, heap)) {
1822           LogTarget(Trace, aot, heap) log;
1823           LogStream out(log);
1824           obj->print_on(&out);
1825         }
1826       }
1827 
1828       _found_oop_fields.push(obj);
1829     }
1830   }
1831 
1832  public:
1833   oop referencing_obj()                       { return _referencing_obj;      }
1834   KlassSubGraphInfo* subgraph_info()          { return _subgraph_info;        }
1835 };
1836 
1837 // Checks if an oop has any non-null oop fields
1838 class PointsToOopsChecker : public BasicOopIterateClosure {
1839   bool _result;
1840 
1841   template <class T> void check(T *p) {
1842     _result |= (HeapAccess<>::oop_load(p) != nullptr);
1843   }
1844 
1845 public:
1846   PointsToOopsChecker() : _result(false) {}
1847   void do_oop(narrowOop *p) { check(p); }
1848   void do_oop(      oop *p) { check(p); }
1849   bool result() { return _result; }
1850 };
1851 
1852 HeapShared::CachedOopInfo HeapShared::make_cached_oop_info(oop obj, oop referrer) {
1853   PointsToOopsChecker points_to_oops_checker;
1854   obj->oop_iterate(&points_to_oops_checker);
1855   return CachedOopInfo(OopHandle(Universe::vm_global(), referrer), points_to_oops_checker.result());
1856 }
1857 
1858 void HeapShared::init_box_classes(TRAPS) {
1859   if (is_archived_heap_in_use()) {
1860     vmClasses::Boolean_klass()->initialize(CHECK);
1861     vmClasses::Character_klass()->initialize(CHECK);
1862     vmClasses::Float_klass()->initialize(CHECK);
1863     vmClasses::Double_klass()->initialize(CHECK);
1864     vmClasses::Byte_klass()->initialize(CHECK);
1865     vmClasses::Short_klass()->initialize(CHECK);
1866     vmClasses::Integer_klass()->initialize(CHECK);
1867     vmClasses::Long_klass()->initialize(CHECK);
1868     vmClasses::Void_klass()->initialize(CHECK);
1869   }
1870 }
1871 
1872 void HeapShared::exit_on_error() {
1873   if (_context != nullptr) {
1874     ResourceMark rm;
1875     LogStream ls(Log(cds, heap)::error());
1876     ls.print_cr("Context");
1877     for (int i = 0; i < _context->length(); i++) {
1878       const char* s = _context->at(i);
1879       ls.print_cr("- %s", s);
1880     }
1881   }
1882   debug_trace();
1883   AOTMetaspace::unrecoverable_writing_error();
1884 }
1885 
1886 // (1) If orig_obj has not been archived yet, archive it.
1887 // (2) If orig_obj has not been seen yet (since start_recording_subgraph() was called),
1888 //     trace all  objects that are reachable from it, and make sure these objects are archived.
1889 // (3) Record the klasses of all objects that are reachable from orig_obj (including those that
1890 //     were already archived when this function is called)
1891 bool HeapShared::archive_reachable_objects_from(int level,
1892                                                 KlassSubGraphInfo* subgraph_info,
1893                                                 oop orig_obj) {
1894   assert(orig_obj != nullptr, "must be");
1895   PendingOopStack stack;
1896   stack.push(PendingOop(orig_obj, nullptr, level));
1897 
1898   while (stack.length() > 0) {
1899     PendingOop po = stack.pop();
1900     _object_being_archived = po;
1901     bool status = walk_one_object(&stack, po.level(), subgraph_info, po.obj(), po.referrer());
1902     _object_being_archived = PendingOop();
1903 
1904     if (!status) {
1905       // Don't archive a subgraph root that's too big. For archives static fields, that's OK
1906       // as the Java code will take care of initializing this field dynamically.
1907       assert(level == 1, "VM should have exited with unarchivable objects for _level > 1");
1908       return false;
1909     }
1910   }
1911 
1912   return true;
1913 }
1914 
1915 bool HeapShared::walk_one_object(PendingOopStack* stack, int level, KlassSubGraphInfo* subgraph_info,
1916                                  oop orig_obj, oop referrer) {
1917   assert(orig_obj != nullptr, "must be");
1918   if (!JavaClasses::is_supported_for_archiving(orig_obj)) {
1919     // This object has injected fields that cannot be supported easily, so we disallow them for now.
1920     // If you get an error here, you probably made a change in the JDK library that has added
1921     // these objects that are referenced (directly or indirectly) by static fields.
1922     ResourceMark rm;
1923     log_error(aot, heap)("Cannot archive object " PTR_FORMAT " of class %s", p2i(orig_obj), orig_obj->klass()->external_name());
1924     debug_trace();
1925     AOTMetaspace::unrecoverable_writing_error();
1926   }
1927 
1928   if (log_is_enabled(Debug, aot, heap) && java_lang_Class::is_instance(orig_obj)) {
1929     ResourceMark rm;
1930     LogTarget(Debug, aot, heap) log;
1931     LogStream out(log);
1932     out.print("Found java mirror " PTR_FORMAT " ", p2i(orig_obj));
1933     Klass* k = java_lang_Class::as_Klass(orig_obj);
1934     if (k != nullptr) {
1935       out.print("%s", k->external_name());
1936     } else {
1937       out.print("primitive");
1938     }
1939     out.print_cr("; scratch mirror = "  PTR_FORMAT,
1940                  p2i(scratch_java_mirror(orig_obj)));
1941   }
1942 
1943   if (java_lang_Class::is_instance(orig_obj)) {
1944     Klass* k = java_lang_Class::as_Klass(orig_obj);
1945     if (RegeneratedClasses::has_been_regenerated(k)) {
1946       orig_obj = RegeneratedClasses::get_regenerated_object(k)->java_mirror();
1947     }
1948   }
1949 
1950   if (CDSConfig::is_initing_classes_at_dump_time()) {
1951     if (java_lang_Class::is_instance(orig_obj)) {
1952       orig_obj = scratch_java_mirror(orig_obj);
1953       assert(orig_obj != nullptr, "must be archived");
1954     }
1955   } else if (java_lang_Class::is_instance(orig_obj) && subgraph_info != _dump_time_special_subgraph) {
1956     // Without CDSConfig::is_initing_classes_at_dump_time(), we only allow archived objects to
1957     // point to the mirrors of (1) j.l.Object, (2) primitive classes, and (3) box classes. These are initialized
1958     // very early by HeapShared::init_box_classes().
1959     if (orig_obj == vmClasses::Object_klass()->java_mirror()
1960         || java_lang_Class::is_primitive(orig_obj)
1961         || orig_obj == vmClasses::Boolean_klass()->java_mirror()
1962         || orig_obj == vmClasses::Character_klass()->java_mirror()
1963         || orig_obj == vmClasses::Float_klass()->java_mirror()
1964         || orig_obj == vmClasses::Double_klass()->java_mirror()
1965         || orig_obj == vmClasses::Byte_klass()->java_mirror()
1966         || orig_obj == vmClasses::Short_klass()->java_mirror()
1967         || orig_obj == vmClasses::Integer_klass()->java_mirror()
1968         || orig_obj == vmClasses::Long_klass()->java_mirror()
1969         || orig_obj == vmClasses::Void_klass()->java_mirror()) {
1970       orig_obj = scratch_java_mirror(orig_obj);
1971       assert(orig_obj != nullptr, "must be archived");
1972     } else {
1973       // If you get an error here, you probably made a change in the JDK library that has added a Class
1974       // object that is referenced (directly or indirectly) by an ArchivableStaticFieldInfo
1975       // defined at the top of this file.
1976       log_error(aot, heap)("(%d) Unknown java.lang.Class object is in the archived sub-graph", level);
1977       debug_trace();
1978       AOTMetaspace::unrecoverable_writing_error();
1979     }
1980   }
1981 
1982   if (has_been_seen_during_subgraph_recording(orig_obj)) {
1983     // orig_obj has already been archived and traced. Nothing more to do.
1984     return true;
1985   } else {
1986     set_has_been_seen_during_subgraph_recording(orig_obj);
1987   }
1988 
1989   bool already_archived = has_been_archived(orig_obj);
1990   bool record_klasses_only = already_archived;
1991   if (!already_archived) {
1992     ++_num_new_archived_objs;
1993     if (!archive_object(orig_obj, referrer, subgraph_info)) {
1994       // Skip archiving the sub-graph referenced from the current entry field.
1995       ResourceMark rm;
1996       log_error(aot, heap)(
1997         "Cannot archive the sub-graph referenced from %s object ("
1998         PTR_FORMAT ") size %zu, skipped.",
1999         orig_obj->klass()->external_name(), p2i(orig_obj), orig_obj->size() * HeapWordSize);
2000       if (level == 1) {
2001         // Don't archive a subgraph root that's too big. For archives static fields, that's OK
2002         // as the Java code will take care of initializing this field dynamically.
2003         return false;
2004       } else {
2005         // We don't know how to handle an object that has been archived, but some of its reachable
2006         // objects cannot be archived. Bail out for now. We might need to fix this in the future if
2007         // we have a real use case.
2008         AOTMetaspace::unrecoverable_writing_error();
2009       }
2010     }
2011   }
2012 
2013   Klass *orig_k = orig_obj->klass();
2014   subgraph_info->add_subgraph_object_klass(orig_k);
2015 
2016   {
2017     // Find all the oops that are referenced by orig_obj, push them onto the stack
2018     // so we can work on them next.
2019     ResourceMark rm;
2020     OopFieldPusher pusher(stack, level, record_klasses_only, subgraph_info, orig_obj);
2021     orig_obj->oop_iterate(&pusher);
2022   }
2023 
2024   if (CDSConfig::is_initing_classes_at_dump_time()) {
2025     // The classes of all archived enum instances have been marked as aot-init,
2026     // so there's nothing else to be done in the production run.
2027   } else {
2028     // This is legacy support for enum classes before JEP 483 -- we cannot rerun
2029     // the enum's <clinit> in the production run, so special handling is needed.
2030     if (CDSEnumKlass::is_enum_obj(orig_obj)) {
2031       CDSEnumKlass::handle_enum_obj(level + 1, subgraph_info, orig_obj);
2032     }
2033   }
2034 
2035   return true;
2036 }
2037 
2038 //
2039 // Start from the given static field in a java mirror and archive the
2040 // complete sub-graph of java heap objects that are reached directly
2041 // or indirectly from the starting object by following references.
2042 // Sub-graph archiving restrictions (current):
2043 //
2044 // - All classes of objects in the archived sub-graph (including the
2045 //   entry class) must be boot class only.
2046 // - No java.lang.Class instance (java mirror) can be included inside
2047 //   an archived sub-graph. Mirror can only be the sub-graph entry object.
2048 //
2049 // The Java heap object sub-graph archiving process (see OopFieldPusher):
2050 //
2051 // 1) Java object sub-graph archiving starts from a given static field
2052 // within a Class instance (java mirror). If the static field is a
2053 // reference field and points to a non-null java object, proceed to
2054 // the next step.
2055 //
2056 // 2) Archives the referenced java object. If an archived copy of the
2057 // current object already exists, updates the pointer in the archived
2058 // copy of the referencing object to point to the current archived object.
2059 // Otherwise, proceed to the next step.
2060 //
2061 // 3) Follows all references within the current java object and recursively
2062 // archive the sub-graph of objects starting from each reference.
2063 //
2064 // 4) Updates the pointer in the archived copy of referencing object to
2065 // point to the current archived object.
2066 //
2067 // 5) The Klass of the current java object is added to the list of Klasses
2068 // for loading and initializing before any object in the archived graph can
2069 // be accessed at runtime.
2070 //
2071 void HeapShared::archive_reachable_objects_from_static_field(InstanceKlass *k,
2072                                                              const char* klass_name,
2073                                                              int field_offset,
2074                                                              const char* field_name) {
2075   assert(CDSConfig::is_dumping_heap(), "dump time only");
2076   assert(k->defined_by_boot_loader(), "must be boot class");
2077 
2078   oop m = k->java_mirror();
2079 
2080   KlassSubGraphInfo* subgraph_info = get_subgraph_info(k);
2081   oop f = m->obj_field(field_offset);
2082 
2083   log_debug(aot, heap)("Start archiving from: %s::%s (" PTR_FORMAT ")", klass_name, field_name, p2i(f));
2084 
2085   if (!CompressedOops::is_null(f)) {
2086     if (log_is_enabled(Trace, aot, heap)) {
2087       LogTarget(Trace, aot, heap) log;
2088       LogStream out(log);
2089       f->print_on(&out);
2090     }
2091 
2092     bool success = archive_reachable_objects_from(1, subgraph_info, f);
2093     if (!success) {
2094       log_error(aot, heap)("Archiving failed %s::%s (some reachable objects cannot be archived)",
2095                            klass_name, field_name);
2096     } else {
2097       // Note: the field value is not preserved in the archived mirror.
2098       // Record the field as a new subGraph entry point. The recorded
2099       // information is restored from the archive at runtime.
2100       subgraph_info->add_subgraph_entry_field(field_offset, f);
2101       log_info(aot, heap)("Archived field %s::%s => " PTR_FORMAT, klass_name, field_name, p2i(f));
2102     }
2103   } else {
2104     // The field contains null, we still need to record the entry point,
2105     // so it can be restored at runtime.
2106     subgraph_info->add_subgraph_entry_field(field_offset, nullptr);
2107   }
2108 }
2109 
2110 #ifndef PRODUCT
2111 class VerifySharedOopClosure: public BasicOopIterateClosure {
2112  public:
2113   void do_oop(narrowOop *p) { VerifySharedOopClosure::do_oop_work(p); }
2114   void do_oop(      oop *p) { VerifySharedOopClosure::do_oop_work(p); }
2115 
2116  protected:
2117   template <class T> void do_oop_work(T *p) {
2118     oop obj = HeapAccess<>::oop_load(p);
2119     if (obj != nullptr) {
2120       HeapShared::verify_reachable_objects_from(obj);
2121     }
2122   }
2123 };
2124 
2125 void HeapShared::verify_subgraph_from_static_field(InstanceKlass* k, int field_offset) {
2126   assert(CDSConfig::is_dumping_heap(), "dump time only");
2127   assert(k->defined_by_boot_loader(), "must be boot class");
2128 
2129   oop m = k->java_mirror();
2130   oop f = m->obj_field(field_offset);
2131   if (!CompressedOops::is_null(f)) {
2132     verify_subgraph_from(f);
2133   }
2134 }
2135 
2136 void HeapShared::verify_subgraph_from(oop orig_obj) {
2137   if (!has_been_archived(orig_obj)) {
2138     // It's OK for the root of a subgraph to be not archived. See comments in
2139     // archive_reachable_objects_from().
2140     return;
2141   }
2142 
2143   // Verify that all objects reachable from orig_obj are archived.
2144   init_seen_objects_table();
2145   verify_reachable_objects_from(orig_obj);
2146   delete_seen_objects_table();
2147 }
2148 
2149 void HeapShared::verify_reachable_objects_from(oop obj) {
2150   _num_total_verifications ++;
2151   if (java_lang_Class::is_instance(obj)) {
2152     Klass* k = java_lang_Class::as_Klass(obj);
2153     if (RegeneratedClasses::has_been_regenerated(k)) {
2154       k = RegeneratedClasses::get_regenerated_object(k);
2155       obj = k->java_mirror();
2156     }
2157     obj = scratch_java_mirror(obj);
2158     assert(obj != nullptr, "must be");
2159   }
2160   if (!has_been_seen_during_subgraph_recording(obj)) {
2161     set_has_been_seen_during_subgraph_recording(obj);
2162     assert(has_been_archived(obj), "must be");
2163     VerifySharedOopClosure walker;
2164     obj->oop_iterate(&walker);
2165   }
2166 }
2167 #endif
2168 
2169 void HeapShared::check_special_subgraph_classes() {
2170   if (CDSConfig::is_initing_classes_at_dump_time()) {
2171     // We can have aot-initialized classes (such as Enums) that can reference objects
2172     // of arbitrary types. Currently, we trust the JEP 483 implementation to only
2173     // aot-initialize classes that are "safe".
2174     //
2175     // TODO: we need an automatic tool that checks the safety of aot-initialized
2176     // classes (when we extend the set of aot-initialized classes beyond JEP 483)
2177     return;
2178   } else {
2179     // In this case, the special subgraph should contain a few specific types
2180     GrowableArray<Klass*>* klasses = _dump_time_special_subgraph->subgraph_object_klasses();
2181     int num = klasses->length();
2182     for (int i = 0; i < num; i++) {
2183       Klass* subgraph_k = klasses->at(i);
2184       Symbol* name = subgraph_k->name();
2185       if (subgraph_k->is_instance_klass() &&
2186           name != vmSymbols::java_lang_Class() &&
2187           name != vmSymbols::java_lang_String() &&
2188           name != vmSymbols::java_lang_ArithmeticException() &&
2189           name != vmSymbols::java_lang_ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException() &&
2190           name != vmSymbols::java_lang_ArrayStoreException() &&
2191           name != vmSymbols::java_lang_ClassCastException() &&
2192           name != vmSymbols::java_lang_InternalError() &&
2193           name != vmSymbols::java_lang_NullPointerException() &&
2194           name != vmSymbols::jdk_internal_vm_PreemptedException()) {
2195         ResourceMark rm;
2196         fatal("special subgraph cannot have objects of type %s", subgraph_k->external_name());
2197       }
2198     }
2199   }
2200 }
2201 
2202 HeapShared::SeenObjectsTable* HeapShared::_seen_objects_table = nullptr;
2203 HeapShared::PendingOop HeapShared::_object_being_archived;
2204 size_t HeapShared::_num_new_walked_objs;
2205 size_t HeapShared::_num_new_archived_objs;
2206 size_t HeapShared::_num_old_recorded_klasses;
2207 
2208 size_t HeapShared::_num_total_subgraph_recordings = 0;
2209 size_t HeapShared::_num_total_walked_objs = 0;
2210 size_t HeapShared::_num_total_archived_objs = 0;
2211 size_t HeapShared::_num_total_recorded_klasses = 0;
2212 size_t HeapShared::_num_total_verifications = 0;
2213 
2214 bool HeapShared::has_been_seen_during_subgraph_recording(oop obj) {
2215   return _seen_objects_table->get(obj) != nullptr;
2216 }
2217 
2218 void HeapShared::set_has_been_seen_during_subgraph_recording(oop obj) {
2219   assert(!has_been_seen_during_subgraph_recording(obj), "sanity");
2220   _seen_objects_table->put_when_absent(obj, true);
2221   _seen_objects_table->maybe_grow();
2222   ++ _num_new_walked_objs;
2223 }
2224 
2225 void HeapShared::start_recording_subgraph(InstanceKlass *k, const char* class_name, bool is_full_module_graph) {
2226   log_info(aot, heap)("Start recording subgraph(s) for archived fields in %s", class_name);
2227   init_subgraph_info(k, is_full_module_graph);
2228   init_seen_objects_table();
2229   _num_new_walked_objs = 0;
2230   _num_new_archived_objs = 0;
2231   _num_old_recorded_klasses = get_subgraph_info(k)->num_subgraph_object_klasses();
2232 }
2233 
2234 void HeapShared::done_recording_subgraph(InstanceKlass *k, const char* class_name) {
2235   size_t num_new_recorded_klasses = get_subgraph_info(k)->num_subgraph_object_klasses() -
2236     _num_old_recorded_klasses;
2237   log_info(aot, heap)("Done recording subgraph(s) for archived fields in %s: "
2238                       "walked %zu objs, archived %zu new objs, recorded %zu classes",
2239                       class_name, _num_new_walked_objs, _num_new_archived_objs,
2240                       num_new_recorded_klasses);
2241 
2242   delete_seen_objects_table();
2243 
2244   _num_total_subgraph_recordings ++;
2245   _num_total_walked_objs      += _num_new_walked_objs;
2246   _num_total_archived_objs    += _num_new_archived_objs;
2247   _num_total_recorded_klasses +=  num_new_recorded_klasses;
2248 }
2249 
2250 class ArchivableStaticFieldFinder: public FieldClosure {
2251   InstanceKlass* _ik;
2252   Symbol* _field_name;
2253   bool _found;
2254   int _offset;
2255 public:
2256   ArchivableStaticFieldFinder(InstanceKlass* ik, Symbol* field_name) :
2257     _ik(ik), _field_name(field_name), _found(false), _offset(-1) {}
2258 
2259   virtual void do_field(fieldDescriptor* fd) {
2260     if (fd->name() == _field_name) {
2261       assert(!_found, "fields can never be overloaded");
2262       if (is_reference_type(fd->field_type())) {
2263         _found = true;
2264         _offset = fd->offset();
2265       }
2266     }
2267   }
2268   bool found()     { return _found;  }
2269   int offset()     { return _offset; }
2270 };
2271 
2272 void HeapShared::init_subgraph_entry_fields(ArchivableStaticFieldInfo fields[],
2273                                             TRAPS) {
2274   for (int i = 0; fields[i].valid(); i++) {
2275     ArchivableStaticFieldInfo* info = &fields[i];
2276     TempNewSymbol klass_name =  SymbolTable::new_symbol(info->klass_name);
2277     TempNewSymbol field_name =  SymbolTable::new_symbol(info->field_name);
2278     ResourceMark rm; // for stringStream::as_string() etc.
2279 
2280 #ifndef PRODUCT
2281     bool is_test_class = (ArchiveHeapTestClass != nullptr) && (strcmp(info->klass_name, ArchiveHeapTestClass) == 0);
2282     const char* test_class_name = ArchiveHeapTestClass;
2283 #else
2284     bool is_test_class = false;
2285     const char* test_class_name = ""; // avoid C++ printf checks warnings.
2286 #endif
2287 
2288     if (is_test_class) {
2289       log_warning(aot)("Loading ArchiveHeapTestClass %s ...", test_class_name);
2290     }
2291 
2292     Klass* k = SystemDictionary::resolve_or_fail(klass_name, true, THREAD);
2293     if (HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION) {
2294       CLEAR_PENDING_EXCEPTION;
2295       stringStream st;
2296       st.print("Fail to initialize archive heap: %s cannot be loaded by the boot loader", info->klass_name);
2297       THROW_MSG(vmSymbols::java_lang_IllegalArgumentException(), st.as_string());
2298     }
2299 
2300     if (!k->is_instance_klass()) {
2301       stringStream st;
2302       st.print("Fail to initialize archive heap: %s is not an instance class", info->klass_name);
2303       THROW_MSG(vmSymbols::java_lang_IllegalArgumentException(), st.as_string());
2304     }
2305 
2306     InstanceKlass* ik = InstanceKlass::cast(k);
2307     assert(InstanceKlass::cast(ik)->defined_by_boot_loader(),
2308            "Only support boot classes");
2309 
2310     if (is_test_class) {
2311       if (ik->module()->is_named()) {
2312         // We don't want ArchiveHeapTestClass to be abused to easily load/initialize arbitrary
2313         // core-lib classes. You need to at least append to the bootclasspath.
2314         stringStream st;
2315         st.print("ArchiveHeapTestClass %s is not in unnamed module", test_class_name);
2316         THROW_MSG(vmSymbols::java_lang_IllegalArgumentException(), st.as_string());
2317       }
2318 
2319       if (ik->package() != nullptr) {
2320         // This restriction makes HeapShared::is_a_test_class_in_unnamed_module() easy.
2321         stringStream st;
2322         st.print("ArchiveHeapTestClass %s is not in unnamed package", test_class_name);
2323         THROW_MSG(vmSymbols::java_lang_IllegalArgumentException(), st.as_string());
2324       }
2325     } else {
2326       if (ik->module()->name() != vmSymbols::java_base()) {
2327         // We don't want to deal with cases when a module is unavailable at runtime.
2328         // FUTURE -- load from archived heap only when module graph has not changed
2329         //           between dump and runtime.
2330         stringStream st;
2331         st.print("%s is not in java.base module", info->klass_name);
2332         THROW_MSG(vmSymbols::java_lang_IllegalArgumentException(), st.as_string());
2333       }
2334     }
2335 
2336     if (is_test_class) {
2337       log_warning(aot)("Initializing ArchiveHeapTestClass %s ...", test_class_name);
2338     }
2339     ik->initialize(CHECK);
2340 
2341     ArchivableStaticFieldFinder finder(ik, field_name);
2342     ik->do_local_static_fields(&finder);
2343     if (!finder.found()) {
2344       stringStream st;
2345       st.print("Unable to find the static T_OBJECT field %s::%s", info->klass_name, info->field_name);
2346       THROW_MSG(vmSymbols::java_lang_IllegalArgumentException(), st.as_string());
2347     }
2348 
2349     info->klass = ik;
2350     info->offset = finder.offset();
2351   }
2352 }
2353 
2354 void HeapShared::init_subgraph_entry_fields(TRAPS) {
2355   assert(CDSConfig::is_dumping_heap(), "must be");
2356   _dump_time_subgraph_info_table = new (mtClass)DumpTimeKlassSubGraphInfoTable();
2357   init_subgraph_entry_fields(archive_subgraph_entry_fields, CHECK);
2358   if (CDSConfig::is_dumping_full_module_graph()) {
2359     init_subgraph_entry_fields(fmg_archive_subgraph_entry_fields, CHECK);
2360   }
2361 }
2362 
2363 #ifndef PRODUCT
2364 void HeapShared::setup_test_class(const char* test_class_name) {
2365   ArchivableStaticFieldInfo* p = archive_subgraph_entry_fields;
2366   int num_slots = sizeof(archive_subgraph_entry_fields) / sizeof(ArchivableStaticFieldInfo);
2367   assert(p[num_slots - 2].klass_name == nullptr, "must have empty slot that's patched below");
2368   assert(p[num_slots - 1].klass_name == nullptr, "must have empty slot that marks the end of the list");
2369 
2370   if (test_class_name != nullptr) {
2371     p[num_slots - 2].klass_name = test_class_name;
2372     p[num_slots - 2].field_name = ARCHIVE_TEST_FIELD_NAME;
2373   }
2374 }
2375 
2376 // See if ik is one of the test classes that are pulled in by -XX:ArchiveHeapTestClass
2377 // during runtime. This may be called before the module system is initialized so
2378 // we cannot rely on InstanceKlass::module(), etc.
2379 bool HeapShared::is_a_test_class_in_unnamed_module(Klass* ik) {
2380   if (_test_class != nullptr) {
2381     if (ik == _test_class) {
2382       return true;
2383     }
2384     Array<Klass*>* klasses = _test_class_record->subgraph_object_klasses();
2385     if (klasses == nullptr) {
2386       return false;
2387     }
2388 
2389     for (int i = 0; i < klasses->length(); i++) {
2390       Klass* k = klasses->at(i);
2391       if (k == ik) {
2392         Symbol* name;
2393         if (k->is_instance_klass()) {
2394           name = InstanceKlass::cast(k)->name();
2395         } else if (k->is_objArray_klass()) {
2396           Klass* bk = ObjArrayKlass::cast(k)->bottom_klass();
2397           if (!bk->is_instance_klass()) {
2398             return false;
2399           }
2400           name = bk->name();
2401         } else {
2402           return false;
2403         }
2404 
2405         // See KlassSubGraphInfo::check_allowed_klass() - we only allow test classes
2406         // to be:
2407         //   (A) java.base classes (which must not be in the unnamed module)
2408         //   (B) test classes which must be in the unnamed package of the unnamed module.
2409         // So if we see a '/' character in the class name, it must be in (A);
2410         // otherwise it must be in (B).
2411         if (name->index_of_at(0, "/", 1)  >= 0) {
2412           return false; // (A)
2413         }
2414 
2415         return true; // (B)
2416       }
2417     }
2418   }
2419 
2420   return false;
2421 }
2422 
2423 void HeapShared::initialize_test_class_from_archive(JavaThread* current) {
2424   Klass* k = _test_class;
2425   if (k != nullptr && is_archived_heap_in_use()) {
2426     JavaThread* THREAD = current;
2427     ExceptionMark em(THREAD);
2428     const ArchivedKlassSubGraphInfoRecord* record =
2429       resolve_or_init_classes_for_subgraph_of(k, /*do_init=*/false, THREAD);
2430 
2431     // The _test_class is in the unnamed module, so it can't call CDS.initializeFromArchive()
2432     // from its <clinit> method. So we set up its "archivedObjects" field first, before
2433     // calling its <clinit>. This is not strictly clean, but it's a convenient way to write unit
2434     // test cases (see test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/cacheObject/ArchiveHeapTestClass.java).
2435     if (record != nullptr) {
2436       init_archived_fields_for(k, record);
2437     }
2438     resolve_or_init_classes_for_subgraph_of(k, /*do_init=*/true, THREAD);
2439   }
2440 }
2441 #endif
2442 
2443 void HeapShared::init_for_dumping(TRAPS) {
2444   if (CDSConfig::is_dumping_heap()) {
2445     setup_test_class(ArchiveHeapTestClass);
2446     init_subgraph_entry_fields(CHECK);
2447   }
2448 }
2449 
2450 void HeapShared::init_heap_writer() {
2451   if (HeapShared::is_writing_streaming_mode()) {
2452     AOTStreamedHeapWriter::init();
2453   } else {
2454     AOTMappedHeapWriter::init();
2455   }
2456 }
2457 
2458 void HeapShared::archive_object_subgraphs(ArchivableStaticFieldInfo fields[],
2459                                           bool is_full_module_graph) {
2460   _num_total_subgraph_recordings = 0;
2461   _num_total_walked_objs = 0;
2462   _num_total_archived_objs = 0;
2463   _num_total_recorded_klasses = 0;
2464   _num_total_verifications = 0;
2465 
2466   // For each class X that has one or more archived fields:
2467   // [1] Dump the subgraph of each archived field
2468   // [2] Create a list of all the class of the objects that can be reached
2469   //     by any of these static fields.
2470   //     At runtime, these classes are initialized before X's archived fields
2471   //     are restored by HeapShared::initialize_from_archived_subgraph().
2472   for (int i = 0; fields[i].valid(); ) {
2473     ArchivableStaticFieldInfo* info = &fields[i];
2474     const char* klass_name = info->klass_name;
2475     start_recording_subgraph(info->klass, klass_name, is_full_module_graph);
2476 
2477     ContextMark cm(klass_name);
2478     // If you have specified consecutive fields of the same klass in
2479     // fields[], these will be archived in the same
2480     // {start_recording_subgraph ... done_recording_subgraph} pass to
2481     // save time.
2482     for (; fields[i].valid(); i++) {
2483       ArchivableStaticFieldInfo* f = &fields[i];
2484       if (f->klass_name != klass_name) {
2485         break;
2486       }
2487 
2488       ContextMark cm(f->field_name);
2489       archive_reachable_objects_from_static_field(f->klass, f->klass_name,
2490                                                   f->offset, f->field_name);
2491     }
2492     done_recording_subgraph(info->klass, klass_name);
2493   }
2494 
2495   log_info(aot, heap)("Archived subgraph records = %zu",
2496                       _num_total_subgraph_recordings);
2497   log_info(aot, heap)("  Walked %zu objects", _num_total_walked_objs);
2498   log_info(aot, heap)("  Archived %zu objects", _num_total_archived_objs);
2499   log_info(aot, heap)("  Recorded %zu klasses", _num_total_recorded_klasses);
2500 
2501 #ifndef PRODUCT
2502   for (int i = 0; fields[i].valid(); i++) {
2503     ArchivableStaticFieldInfo* f = &fields[i];
2504     verify_subgraph_from_static_field(f->klass, f->offset);
2505   }
2506   log_info(aot, heap)("  Verified %zu references", _num_total_verifications);
2507 #endif
2508 }
2509 
2510 bool HeapShared::is_dumped_interned_string(oop o) {
2511   if (is_writing_mapping_mode()) {
2512     return AOTMappedHeapWriter::is_dumped_interned_string(o);
2513   } else {
2514     return AOTStreamedHeapWriter::is_dumped_interned_string(o);
2515   }
2516 }
2517 
2518 // These tables should be used only within the CDS safepoint, so
2519 // delete them before we exit the safepoint. Otherwise the table will
2520 // contain bad oops after a GC.
2521 void HeapShared::delete_tables_with_raw_oops() {
2522   assert(_seen_objects_table == nullptr, "should have been deleted");
2523 
2524   if (is_writing_mapping_mode()) {
2525     AOTMappedHeapWriter::delete_tables_with_raw_oops();
2526   } else {
2527     assert(is_writing_streaming_mode(), "what other mode?");
2528     AOTStreamedHeapWriter::delete_tables_with_raw_oops();
2529   }
2530 }
2531 
2532 void HeapShared::debug_trace() {
2533   ResourceMark rm;
2534   oop referrer = _object_being_archived.referrer();
2535   if (referrer != nullptr) {
2536     LogStream ls(Log(aot, heap)::error());
2537     ls.print_cr("Reference trace");
2538     CDSHeapVerifier::trace_to_root(&ls, referrer);
2539   }
2540 }
2541 
2542 #ifndef PRODUCT
2543 // At dump-time, find the location of all the non-null oop pointers in an archived heap
2544 // region. This way we can quickly relocate all the pointers without using
2545 // BasicOopIterateClosure at runtime.
2546 class FindEmbeddedNonNullPointers: public BasicOopIterateClosure {
2547   void* _start;
2548   BitMap *_oopmap;
2549   size_t _num_total_oops;
2550   size_t _num_null_oops;
2551  public:
2552   FindEmbeddedNonNullPointers(void* start, BitMap* oopmap)
2553     : _start(start), _oopmap(oopmap), _num_total_oops(0),  _num_null_oops(0) {}
2554 
2555   virtual void do_oop(narrowOop* p) {
2556     assert(UseCompressedOops, "sanity");
2557     _num_total_oops ++;
2558     narrowOop v = *p;
2559     if (!CompressedOops::is_null(v)) {
2560       size_t idx = p - (narrowOop*)_start;
2561       _oopmap->set_bit(idx);
2562     } else {
2563       _num_null_oops ++;
2564     }
2565   }
2566   virtual void do_oop(oop* p) {
2567     assert(!UseCompressedOops, "sanity");
2568     _num_total_oops ++;
2569     if ((*p) != nullptr) {
2570       size_t idx = p - (oop*)_start;
2571       _oopmap->set_bit(idx);
2572     } else {
2573       _num_null_oops ++;
2574     }
2575   }
2576   size_t num_total_oops() const { return _num_total_oops; }
2577   size_t num_null_oops()  const { return _num_null_oops; }
2578 };
2579 #endif
2580 
2581 void HeapShared::count_allocation(size_t size) {
2582   _total_obj_count ++;
2583   _total_obj_size += size;
2584   for (int i = 0; i < ALLOC_STAT_SLOTS; i++) {
2585     if (size <= (size_t(1) << i)) {
2586       _alloc_count[i] ++;
2587       _alloc_size[i] += size;
2588       return;
2589     }
2590   }
2591 }
2592 
2593 static double avg_size(size_t size, size_t count) {
2594   double avg = 0;
2595   if (count > 0) {
2596     avg = double(size * HeapWordSize) / double(count);
2597   }
2598   return avg;
2599 }
2600 
2601 void HeapShared::print_stats() {
2602   size_t huge_count = _total_obj_count;
2603   size_t huge_size = _total_obj_size;
2604 
2605   for (int i = 0; i < ALLOC_STAT_SLOTS; i++) {
2606     size_t byte_size_limit = (size_t(1) << i) * HeapWordSize;
2607     size_t count = _alloc_count[i];
2608     size_t size = _alloc_size[i];
2609     log_info(aot, heap)("%8zu objects are <= %-6zu"
2610                         " bytes (total %8zu bytes, avg %8.1f bytes)",
2611                         count, byte_size_limit, size * HeapWordSize, avg_size(size, count));
2612     huge_count -= count;
2613     huge_size -= size;
2614   }
2615 
2616   log_info(aot, heap)("%8zu huge  objects               (total %8zu bytes"
2617                       ", avg %8.1f bytes)",
2618                       huge_count, huge_size * HeapWordSize,
2619                       avg_size(huge_size, huge_count));
2620   log_info(aot, heap)("%8zu total objects               (total %8zu bytes"
2621                       ", avg %8.1f bytes)",
2622                       _total_obj_count, _total_obj_size * HeapWordSize,
2623                       avg_size(_total_obj_size, _total_obj_count));
2624 }
2625 
2626 bool HeapShared::is_metadata_field(oop src_obj, int offset) {
2627   bool result = false;
2628   do_metadata_offsets(src_obj, [&](int metadata_offset) {
2629     if (metadata_offset == offset) {
2630       result = true;
2631     }
2632   });
2633   return result;
2634 }
2635 
2636 void HeapShared::remap_dumped_metadata(oop src_obj, address archived_object) {
2637   do_metadata_offsets(src_obj, [&](int offset) {
2638     Metadata** buffered_field_addr = (Metadata**)(archived_object + offset);
2639     Metadata* native_ptr = *buffered_field_addr;
2640 
2641     if (native_ptr == nullptr) {
2642       return;
2643     }
2644 
2645     if (RegeneratedClasses::has_been_regenerated(native_ptr)) {
2646       native_ptr = RegeneratedClasses::get_regenerated_object(native_ptr);
2647     }
2648 
2649     address buffered_native_ptr = ArchiveBuilder::current()->get_buffered_addr((address)native_ptr);
2650     address requested_native_ptr = ArchiveBuilder::current()->to_requested(buffered_native_ptr);
2651     *buffered_field_addr = (Metadata*)requested_native_ptr;
2652   });
2653 }
2654 
2655 bool HeapShared::is_archived_boot_layer_available(JavaThread* current) {
2656   TempNewSymbol klass_name = SymbolTable::new_symbol(ARCHIVED_BOOT_LAYER_CLASS);
2657   InstanceKlass* k = SystemDictionary::find_instance_klass(current, klass_name, Handle());
2658   if (k == nullptr) {
2659     return false;
2660   } else {
2661     TempNewSymbol field_name = SymbolTable::new_symbol(ARCHIVED_BOOT_LAYER_FIELD);
2662     TempNewSymbol field_signature = SymbolTable::new_symbol("Ljdk/internal/module/ArchivedBootLayer;");
2663     fieldDescriptor fd;
2664     if (k->find_field(field_name, field_signature, true, &fd) != nullptr) {
2665       oop m = k->java_mirror();
2666       oop f = m->obj_field(fd.offset());
2667       if (CompressedOops::is_null(f)) {
2668         return false;
2669       }
2670     } else {
2671       return false;
2672     }
2673   }
2674   return true;
2675 }
2676 
2677 #endif // INCLUDE_CDS_JAVA_HEAP