1 /*
2 * Copyright (c) 1997, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
3 * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
4 *
5 * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
6 * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
7 * published by the Free Software Foundation.
8 *
9 * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
10 * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
11 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License
12 * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
13 * accompanied this code).
14 *
15 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
16 * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
17 * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
18 *
19 * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
20 * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
21 * questions.
22 *
23 */
24
25 #include "cds/aotMetaspace.hpp"
26 #include "cds/archiveHeapLoader.hpp"
27 #include "cds/cdsConfig.hpp"
28 #include "cds/dynamicArchive.hpp"
29 #include "cds/heapShared.hpp"
30 #include "classfile/classLoader.hpp"
31 #include "classfile/classLoaderDataGraph.hpp"
32 #include "classfile/classLoaderDataShared.hpp"
33 #include "classfile/javaClasses.hpp"
34 #include "classfile/stringTable.hpp"
35 #include "classfile/symbolTable.hpp"
36 #include "classfile/systemDictionary.hpp"
37 #include "classfile/vmClasses.hpp"
38 #include "classfile/vmSymbols.hpp"
39 #include "code/codeBehaviours.hpp"
40 #include "code/codeCache.hpp"
41 #include "compiler/oopMap.hpp"
42 #include "gc/shared/collectedHeap.inline.hpp"
43 #include "gc/shared/gcArguments.hpp"
44 #include "gc/shared/gcConfig.hpp"
45 #include "gc/shared/gcLogPrecious.hpp"
46 #include "gc/shared/gcTraceTime.inline.hpp"
47 #include "gc/shared/oopStorageSet.hpp"
48 #include "gc/shared/plab.hpp"
49 #include "gc/shared/stringdedup/stringDedup.hpp"
50 #include "gc/shared/tlab_globals.hpp"
51 #include "logging/log.hpp"
52 #include "logging/logStream.hpp"
53 #include "memory/memoryReserver.hpp"
54 #include "memory/metadataFactory.hpp"
55 #include "memory/metaspaceClosure.hpp"
56 #include "memory/metaspaceCounters.hpp"
57 #include "memory/metaspaceUtils.hpp"
58 #include "memory/oopFactory.hpp"
59 #include "memory/resourceArea.hpp"
60 #include "memory/universe.hpp"
61 #include "oops/compressedOops.hpp"
62 #include "oops/instanceKlass.hpp"
63 #include "oops/instanceMirrorKlass.hpp"
64 #include "oops/jmethodIDTable.hpp"
65 #include "oops/klass.inline.hpp"
66 #include "oops/objArrayOop.inline.hpp"
67 #include "oops/objLayout.hpp"
68 #include "oops/oop.inline.hpp"
69 #include "oops/oopHandle.inline.hpp"
70 #include "oops/trainingData.hpp"
71 #include "oops/typeArrayKlass.hpp"
72 #include "prims/resolvedMethodTable.hpp"
73 #include "runtime/arguments.hpp"
74 #include "runtime/atomicAccess.hpp"
75 #include "runtime/cpuTimeCounters.hpp"
76 #include "runtime/flags/jvmFlagLimit.hpp"
77 #include "runtime/handles.inline.hpp"
78 #include "runtime/init.hpp"
79 #include "runtime/java.hpp"
80 #include "runtime/javaThread.hpp"
81 #include "runtime/jniHandles.hpp"
82 #include "runtime/threads.hpp"
83 #include "runtime/timerTrace.hpp"
84 #include "sanitizers/leak.hpp"
85 #include "services/cpuTimeUsage.hpp"
86 #include "services/memoryService.hpp"
87 #include "utilities/align.hpp"
88 #include "utilities/autoRestore.hpp"
89 #include "utilities/debug.hpp"
90 #include "utilities/formatBuffer.hpp"
91 #include "utilities/globalDefinitions.hpp"
92 #include "utilities/macros.hpp"
93 #include "utilities/ostream.hpp"
94 #include "utilities/preserveException.hpp"
95
96 // A helper class for caching a Method* when the user of the cache
97 // only cares about the latest version of the Method*. This cache safely
98 // interacts with the RedefineClasses API.
99 class LatestMethodCache {
100 // We save the InstanceKlass* and the idnum of Method* in order to get
101 // the current Method*.
102 InstanceKlass* _klass;
103 int _method_idnum;
104
105 public:
106 LatestMethodCache() { _klass = nullptr; _method_idnum = -1; }
107
108 void init(JavaThread* current, InstanceKlass* ik, const char* method,
109 Symbol* signature, bool is_static);
110 Method* get_method();
111 };
112
113 static LatestMethodCache _finalizer_register_cache; // Finalizer.register()
114 static LatestMethodCache _loader_addClass_cache; // ClassLoader.addClass()
115 static LatestMethodCache _throw_illegal_access_error_cache; // Unsafe.throwIllegalAccessError()
116 static LatestMethodCache _throw_no_such_method_error_cache; // Unsafe.throwNoSuchMethodError()
117 static LatestMethodCache _do_stack_walk_cache; // AbstractStackWalker.doStackWalk()
118
119 // Known objects
120 TypeArrayKlass* Universe::_typeArrayKlasses[T_LONG+1] = { nullptr /*, nullptr...*/ };
121 ObjArrayKlass* Universe::_objectArrayKlass = nullptr;
122 Klass* Universe::_fillerArrayKlass = nullptr;
123 OopHandle Universe::_basic_type_mirrors[T_VOID+1];
124 #if INCLUDE_CDS_JAVA_HEAP
125 int Universe::_archived_basic_type_mirror_indices[T_VOID+1];
126 #endif
127
128 OopHandle Universe::_main_thread_group;
129 OopHandle Universe::_system_thread_group;
130 OopHandle Universe::_the_empty_class_array;
131 OopHandle Universe::_the_null_string;
132 OopHandle Universe::_the_min_jint_string;
133
134 OopHandle Universe::_the_null_sentinel;
135
136 // _out_of_memory_errors is an objArray
137 enum OutOfMemoryInstance { _oom_java_heap,
138 _oom_c_heap,
139 _oom_metaspace,
140 _oom_class_metaspace,
141 _oom_array_size,
142 _oom_gc_overhead_limit,
143 _oom_realloc_objects,
144 _oom_count };
145
146 OopHandle Universe::_out_of_memory_errors;
147 OopHandle Universe:: _class_init_stack_overflow_error;
148 OopHandle Universe::_delayed_stack_overflow_error_message;
149 OopHandle Universe::_preallocated_out_of_memory_error_array;
150 volatile jint Universe::_preallocated_out_of_memory_error_avail_count = 0;
151
152 // Message details for OOME objects, preallocate these objects since they could be
153 // used when throwing OOME, we should try to avoid further allocation in such case
154 OopHandle Universe::_msg_metaspace;
155 OopHandle Universe::_msg_class_metaspace;
156
157 OopHandle Universe::_reference_pending_list;
158
159 Array<Klass*>* Universe::_the_array_interfaces_array = nullptr;
160
161 long Universe::verify_flags = Universe::Verify_All;
162
163 Array<int>* Universe::_the_empty_int_array = nullptr;
164 Array<u2>* Universe::_the_empty_short_array = nullptr;
165 Array<Klass*>* Universe::_the_empty_klass_array = nullptr;
166 Array<InstanceKlass*>* Universe::_the_empty_instance_klass_array = nullptr;
167 Array<Method*>* Universe::_the_empty_method_array = nullptr;
168
169 uintx Universe::_the_array_interfaces_bitmap = 0;
170 uintx Universe::_the_empty_klass_bitmap = 0;
171
172 // These variables are guarded by FullGCALot_lock.
173 DEBUG_ONLY(OopHandle Universe::_fullgc_alot_dummy_array;)
174 DEBUG_ONLY(int Universe::_fullgc_alot_dummy_next = 0;)
175
176 // Heap
177 int Universe::_verify_count = 0;
178
179 // Oop verification (see MacroAssembler::verify_oop)
180 uintptr_t Universe::_verify_oop_mask = 0;
181 uintptr_t Universe::_verify_oop_bits = (uintptr_t) -1;
182
183 int Universe::_base_vtable_size = 0;
184 bool Universe::_bootstrapping = false;
185 bool Universe::_module_initialized = false;
186 bool Universe::_fully_initialized = false;
187 volatile bool Universe::_is_shutting_down = false;
188
189 OopStorage* Universe::_vm_weak = nullptr;
190 OopStorage* Universe::_vm_global = nullptr;
191
192 CollectedHeap* Universe::_collectedHeap = nullptr;
193
194 // These are the exceptions that are always created and are guatanteed to exist.
195 // If possible, they can be stored as CDS archived objects to speed up AOT code.
196 class BuiltinException {
197 OopHandle _instance;
198 CDS_JAVA_HEAP_ONLY(int _archived_root_index;)
199
200 public:
201 BuiltinException() : _instance() {
202 CDS_JAVA_HEAP_ONLY(_archived_root_index = 0);
203 }
204
205 void init_if_empty(Symbol* symbol, TRAPS) {
206 if (_instance.is_empty()) {
207 Klass* k = SystemDictionary::resolve_or_fail(symbol, true, CHECK);
208 oop obj = InstanceKlass::cast(k)->allocate_instance(CHECK);
209 _instance = OopHandle(Universe::vm_global(), obj);
210 }
211 }
212
213 oop instance() {
214 return _instance.resolve();
215 }
216
217 #if INCLUDE_CDS_JAVA_HEAP
218 void store_in_cds() {
219 _archived_root_index = HeapShared::archive_exception_instance(instance());
220 }
221
222 void load_from_cds() {
223 if (_archived_root_index >= 0) {
224 oop obj = HeapShared::get_root(_archived_root_index);
225 assert(obj != nullptr, "must be");
226 _instance = OopHandle(Universe::vm_global(), obj);
227 }
228 }
229
230 void serialize(SerializeClosure *f) {
231 f->do_int(&_archived_root_index);
232 }
233 #endif
234 };
235
236 static BuiltinException _null_ptr_exception;
237 static BuiltinException _arithmetic_exception;
238 static BuiltinException _internal_error;
239 static BuiltinException _array_index_out_of_bounds_exception;
240 static BuiltinException _array_store_exception;
241 static BuiltinException _class_cast_exception;
242
243 objArrayOop Universe::the_empty_class_array () {
244 return (objArrayOop)_the_empty_class_array.resolve();
245 }
246
247 oop Universe::main_thread_group() { return _main_thread_group.resolve(); }
248 void Universe::set_main_thread_group(oop group) { _main_thread_group = OopHandle(vm_global(), group); }
249
250 oop Universe::system_thread_group() { return _system_thread_group.resolve(); }
251 void Universe::set_system_thread_group(oop group) { _system_thread_group = OopHandle(vm_global(), group); }
252
253 oop Universe::the_null_string() { return _the_null_string.resolve(); }
254 oop Universe::the_min_jint_string() { return _the_min_jint_string.resolve(); }
255
256 oop Universe::null_ptr_exception_instance() { return _null_ptr_exception.instance(); }
257 oop Universe::arithmetic_exception_instance() { return _arithmetic_exception.instance(); }
258 oop Universe::internal_error_instance() { return _internal_error.instance(); }
259 oop Universe::array_index_out_of_bounds_exception_instance() { return _array_index_out_of_bounds_exception.instance(); }
260 oop Universe::array_store_exception_instance() { return _array_store_exception.instance(); }
261 oop Universe::class_cast_exception_instance() { return _class_cast_exception.instance(); }
262
263 oop Universe::the_null_sentinel() { return _the_null_sentinel.resolve(); }
264
265 oop Universe::int_mirror() { return check_mirror(_basic_type_mirrors[T_INT].resolve()); }
266 oop Universe::float_mirror() { return check_mirror(_basic_type_mirrors[T_FLOAT].resolve()); }
267 oop Universe::double_mirror() { return check_mirror(_basic_type_mirrors[T_DOUBLE].resolve()); }
268 oop Universe::byte_mirror() { return check_mirror(_basic_type_mirrors[T_BYTE].resolve()); }
269 oop Universe::bool_mirror() { return check_mirror(_basic_type_mirrors[T_BOOLEAN].resolve()); }
270 oop Universe::char_mirror() { return check_mirror(_basic_type_mirrors[T_CHAR].resolve()); }
271 oop Universe::long_mirror() { return check_mirror(_basic_type_mirrors[T_LONG].resolve()); }
272 oop Universe::short_mirror() { return check_mirror(_basic_type_mirrors[T_SHORT].resolve()); }
273 oop Universe::void_mirror() { return check_mirror(_basic_type_mirrors[T_VOID].resolve()); }
274
275 oop Universe::java_mirror(BasicType t) {
276 assert((uint)t < T_VOID+1, "range check");
277 assert(!is_reference_type(t), "sanity");
278 return check_mirror(_basic_type_mirrors[t].resolve());
279 }
280
281 void Universe::basic_type_classes_do(KlassClosure *closure) {
282 for (int i = T_BOOLEAN; i < T_LONG+1; i++) {
283 closure->do_klass(_typeArrayKlasses[i]);
284 }
285 // We don't do the following because it will confuse JVMTI.
286 // _fillerArrayKlass is used only by GC, which doesn't need to see
287 // this klass from basic_type_classes_do().
288 //
289 // closure->do_klass(_fillerArrayKlass);
290 }
291
292 void Universe::metaspace_pointers_do(MetaspaceClosure* it) {
293 it->push(&_fillerArrayKlass);
294 for (int i = 0; i < T_LONG+1; i++) {
295 it->push(&_typeArrayKlasses[i]);
296 }
297 it->push(&_objectArrayKlass);
298
299 it->push(&_the_empty_int_array);
300 it->push(&_the_empty_short_array);
301 it->push(&_the_empty_klass_array);
302 it->push(&_the_empty_instance_klass_array);
303 it->push(&_the_empty_method_array);
304 it->push(&_the_array_interfaces_array);
305 }
306
307 #if INCLUDE_CDS_JAVA_HEAP
308 void Universe::set_archived_basic_type_mirror_index(BasicType t, int index) {
309 assert(CDSConfig::is_dumping_heap(), "sanity");
310 assert(!is_reference_type(t), "sanity");
311 _archived_basic_type_mirror_indices[t] = index;
312 }
313
314 void Universe::archive_exception_instances() {
315 _null_ptr_exception.store_in_cds();
316 _arithmetic_exception.store_in_cds();
317 _internal_error.store_in_cds();
318 _array_index_out_of_bounds_exception.store_in_cds();
319 _array_store_exception.store_in_cds();
320 _class_cast_exception.store_in_cds();
321 }
322
323 void Universe::load_archived_object_instances() {
324 if (ArchiveHeapLoader::is_in_use()) {
325 for (int i = T_BOOLEAN; i < T_VOID+1; i++) {
326 int index = _archived_basic_type_mirror_indices[i];
327 if (!is_reference_type((BasicType)i) && index >= 0) {
328 oop mirror_oop = HeapShared::get_root(index);
329 assert(mirror_oop != nullptr, "must be");
330 _basic_type_mirrors[i] = OopHandle(vm_global(), mirror_oop);
331 }
332 }
333
334 _null_ptr_exception.load_from_cds();
335 _arithmetic_exception.load_from_cds();
336 _internal_error.load_from_cds();
337 _array_index_out_of_bounds_exception.load_from_cds();
338 _array_store_exception.load_from_cds();
339 _class_cast_exception.load_from_cds();
340 }
341 }
342 #endif
343
344 void Universe::serialize(SerializeClosure* f) {
345
346 #if INCLUDE_CDS_JAVA_HEAP
347 for (int i = T_BOOLEAN; i < T_VOID+1; i++) {
348 f->do_int(&_archived_basic_type_mirror_indices[i]);
349 // if f->reading(): We can't call HeapShared::get_root() yet, as the heap
350 // contents may need to be relocated. _basic_type_mirrors[i] will be
351 // updated later in Universe::load_archived_object_instances().
352 }
353 _null_ptr_exception.serialize(f);
354 _arithmetic_exception.serialize(f);
355 _internal_error.serialize(f);
356 _array_index_out_of_bounds_exception.serialize(f);
357 _array_store_exception.serialize(f);
358 _class_cast_exception.serialize(f);
359 #endif
360
361 f->do_ptr(&_fillerArrayKlass);
362 for (int i = 0; i < T_LONG+1; i++) {
363 f->do_ptr(&_typeArrayKlasses[i]);
364 }
365
366 f->do_ptr(&_objectArrayKlass);
367 f->do_ptr(&_the_array_interfaces_array);
368 f->do_ptr(&_the_empty_int_array);
369 f->do_ptr(&_the_empty_short_array);
370 f->do_ptr(&_the_empty_method_array);
371 f->do_ptr(&_the_empty_klass_array);
372 f->do_ptr(&_the_empty_instance_klass_array);
373 }
374
375
376 void Universe::check_alignment(uintx size, uintx alignment, const char* name) {
377 if (size < alignment || size % alignment != 0) {
378 vm_exit_during_initialization(
379 err_msg("Size of %s (%zu bytes) must be aligned to %zu bytes", name, size, alignment));
380 }
381 }
382
383 static void initialize_basic_type_klass(Klass* k, TRAPS) {
384 Klass* ok = vmClasses::Object_klass();
385 #if INCLUDE_CDS
386 if (CDSConfig::is_using_archive()) {
387 ClassLoaderData* loader_data = ClassLoaderData::the_null_class_loader_data();
388 assert(k->super() == ok, "u3");
389 if (k->is_instance_klass()) {
390 InstanceKlass::cast(k)->restore_unshareable_info(loader_data, Handle(), nullptr, CHECK);
391 } else {
392 ArrayKlass::cast(k)->restore_unshareable_info(loader_data, Handle(), CHECK);
393 }
394 } else
395 #endif
396 {
397 k->initialize_supers(ok, nullptr, CHECK);
398 }
399 k->append_to_sibling_list();
400 }
401
402 void Universe::genesis(TRAPS) {
403 ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
404 HandleMark hm(THREAD);
405
406 // Explicit null checks are needed if these offsets are not smaller than the page size
407 if (UseCompactObjectHeaders) {
408 assert(oopDesc::mark_offset_in_bytes() < static_cast<intptr_t>(os::vm_page_size()),
409 "Mark offset is expected to be less than the page size");
410 } else {
411 assert(oopDesc::klass_offset_in_bytes() < static_cast<intptr_t>(os::vm_page_size()),
412 "Klass offset is expected to be less than the page size");
413 }
414 assert(arrayOopDesc::length_offset_in_bytes() < static_cast<intptr_t>(os::vm_page_size()),
415 "Array length offset is expected to be less than the page size");
416
417 { AutoModifyRestore<bool> temporarily(_bootstrapping, true);
418
419 java_lang_Class::allocate_fixup_lists();
420
421 // determine base vtable size; without that we cannot create the array klasses
422 compute_base_vtable_size();
423
424 if (!CDSConfig::is_using_archive()) {
425 // Initialization of the fillerArrayKlass must come before regular
426 // int-TypeArrayKlass so that the int-Array mirror points to the
427 // int-TypeArrayKlass.
428 _fillerArrayKlass = TypeArrayKlass::create_klass(T_INT, "[Ljdk/internal/vm/FillerElement;", CHECK);
429 for (int i = T_BOOLEAN; i < T_LONG+1; i++) {
430 _typeArrayKlasses[i] = TypeArrayKlass::create_klass((BasicType)i, CHECK);
431 }
432
433 ClassLoaderData* null_cld = ClassLoaderData::the_null_class_loader_data();
434
435 _the_array_interfaces_array = MetadataFactory::new_array<Klass*>(null_cld, 2, nullptr, CHECK);
436 _the_empty_int_array = MetadataFactory::new_array<int>(null_cld, 0, CHECK);
437 _the_empty_short_array = MetadataFactory::new_array<u2>(null_cld, 0, CHECK);
438 _the_empty_method_array = MetadataFactory::new_array<Method*>(null_cld, 0, CHECK);
439 _the_empty_klass_array = MetadataFactory::new_array<Klass*>(null_cld, 0, CHECK);
440 _the_empty_instance_klass_array = MetadataFactory::new_array<InstanceKlass*>(null_cld, 0, CHECK);
441 }
442
443 vmSymbols::initialize();
444
445 // Initialize table for matching jmethodID, before SystemDictionary.
446 JmethodIDTable::initialize();
447
448 SystemDictionary::initialize(CHECK);
449
450 // Create string constants
451 oop s = StringTable::intern("null", CHECK);
452 _the_null_string = OopHandle(vm_global(), s);
453 s = StringTable::intern("-2147483648", CHECK);
454 _the_min_jint_string = OopHandle(vm_global(), s);
455
456 #if INCLUDE_CDS
457 if (CDSConfig::is_using_archive()) {
458 // Verify shared interfaces array.
459 assert(_the_array_interfaces_array->at(0) ==
460 vmClasses::Cloneable_klass(), "u3");
461 assert(_the_array_interfaces_array->at(1) ==
462 vmClasses::Serializable_klass(), "u3");
463 } else
464 #endif
465 {
466 // Set up shared interfaces array. (Do this before supers are set up.)
467 _the_array_interfaces_array->at_put(0, vmClasses::Cloneable_klass());
468 _the_array_interfaces_array->at_put(1, vmClasses::Serializable_klass());
469 }
470
471 _the_array_interfaces_bitmap = Klass::compute_secondary_supers_bitmap(_the_array_interfaces_array);
472 _the_empty_klass_bitmap = Klass::compute_secondary_supers_bitmap(_the_empty_klass_array);
473
474 initialize_basic_type_klass(_fillerArrayKlass, CHECK);
475
476 initialize_basic_type_klass(boolArrayKlass(), CHECK);
477 initialize_basic_type_klass(charArrayKlass(), CHECK);
478 initialize_basic_type_klass(floatArrayKlass(), CHECK);
479 initialize_basic_type_klass(doubleArrayKlass(), CHECK);
480 initialize_basic_type_klass(byteArrayKlass(), CHECK);
481 initialize_basic_type_klass(shortArrayKlass(), CHECK);
482 initialize_basic_type_klass(intArrayKlass(), CHECK);
483 initialize_basic_type_klass(longArrayKlass(), CHECK);
484
485 assert(_fillerArrayKlass != intArrayKlass(),
486 "Internal filler array klass should be different to int array Klass");
487 } // end of core bootstrapping
488
489 {
490 Handle tns = java_lang_String::create_from_str("<null_sentinel>", CHECK);
491 _the_null_sentinel = OopHandle(vm_global(), tns());
492 }
493
494 // Create a handle for reference_pending_list
495 _reference_pending_list = OopHandle(vm_global(), nullptr);
496
497 // Maybe this could be lifted up now that object array can be initialized
498 // during the bootstrapping.
499
500 // OLD
501 // Initialize _objectArrayKlass after core bootstraping to make
502 // sure the super class is set up properly for _objectArrayKlass.
503 // ---
504 // NEW
505 // Since some of the old system object arrays have been converted to
506 // ordinary object arrays, _objectArrayKlass will be loaded when
507 // SystemDictionary::initialize(CHECK); is run. See the extra check
508 // for Object_klass_loaded in objArrayKlassKlass::allocate_objArray_klass_impl.
509 {
510 Klass* oak = vmClasses::Object_klass()->array_klass(CHECK);
511 _objectArrayKlass = ObjArrayKlass::cast(oak);
512 }
513 // OLD
514 // Add the class to the class hierarchy manually to make sure that
515 // its vtable is initialized after core bootstrapping is completed.
516 // ---
517 // New
518 // Have already been initialized.
519 _objectArrayKlass->append_to_sibling_list();
520
521 #ifdef ASSERT
522 if (FullGCALot) {
523 // Allocate an array of dummy objects.
524 // We'd like these to be at the bottom of the old generation,
525 // so that when we free one and then collect,
526 // (almost) the whole heap moves
527 // and we find out if we actually update all the oops correctly.
528 // But we can't allocate directly in the old generation,
529 // so we allocate wherever, and hope that the first collection
530 // moves these objects to the bottom of the old generation.
531 int size = FullGCALotDummies * 2;
532
533 objArrayOop naked_array = oopFactory::new_objArray(vmClasses::Object_klass(), size, CHECK);
534 objArrayHandle dummy_array(THREAD, naked_array);
535 int i = 0;
536 while (i < size) {
537 // Allocate dummy in old generation
538 oop dummy = vmClasses::Object_klass()->allocate_instance(CHECK);
539 dummy_array->obj_at_put(i++, dummy);
540 }
541 {
542 // Only modify the global variable inside the mutex.
543 // If we had a race to here, the other dummy_array instances
544 // and their elements just get dropped on the floor, which is fine.
545 MutexLocker ml(THREAD, FullGCALot_lock);
546 if (_fullgc_alot_dummy_array.is_empty()) {
547 _fullgc_alot_dummy_array = OopHandle(vm_global(), dummy_array());
548 }
549 }
550 assert(i == ((objArrayOop)_fullgc_alot_dummy_array.resolve())->length(), "just checking");
551 }
552 #endif
553 }
554
555 void Universe::initialize_basic_type_mirrors(TRAPS) {
556 #if INCLUDE_CDS_JAVA_HEAP
557 if (CDSConfig::is_using_archive() &&
558 ArchiveHeapLoader::is_in_use() &&
559 _basic_type_mirrors[T_INT].resolve() != nullptr) {
560 assert(ArchiveHeapLoader::can_use(), "Sanity");
561
562 // check that all basic type mirrors are mapped also
563 for (int i = T_BOOLEAN; i < T_VOID+1; i++) {
564 if (!is_reference_type((BasicType)i)) {
565 oop m = _basic_type_mirrors[i].resolve();
566 assert(m != nullptr, "archived mirrors should not be null");
567 }
568 }
569 } else
570 // _basic_type_mirrors[T_INT], etc, are null if archived heap is not mapped.
571 #endif
572 {
573 for (int i = T_BOOLEAN; i < T_VOID+1; i++) {
574 BasicType bt = (BasicType)i;
575 if (!is_reference_type(bt)) {
576 oop m = java_lang_Class::create_basic_type_mirror(type2name(bt), bt, CHECK);
577 _basic_type_mirrors[i] = OopHandle(vm_global(), m);
578 }
579 CDS_JAVA_HEAP_ONLY(_archived_basic_type_mirror_indices[i] = -1);
580 }
581 }
582 if (CDSConfig::is_dumping_heap()) {
583 HeapShared::init_scratch_objects_for_basic_type_mirrors(CHECK);
584 }
585 }
586
587 void Universe::fixup_mirrors(TRAPS) {
588 if (CDSConfig::is_using_aot_linked_classes()) {
589 // All mirrors of preloaded classes are already restored. No need to fix up.
590 return;
591 }
592
593 // Bootstrap problem: all classes gets a mirror (java.lang.Class instance) assigned eagerly,
594 // but we cannot do that for classes created before java.lang.Class is loaded. Here we simply
595 // walk over permanent objects created so far (mostly classes) and fixup their mirrors. Note
596 // that the number of objects allocated at this point is very small.
597 assert(vmClasses::Class_klass_loaded(), "java.lang.Class should be loaded");
598 HandleMark hm(THREAD);
599
600 if (!CDSConfig::is_using_archive()) {
601 // Cache the start of the static fields
602 InstanceMirrorKlass::init_offset_of_static_fields();
603 }
604
605 GrowableArray <Klass*>* list = java_lang_Class::fixup_mirror_list();
606 int list_length = list->length();
607 for (int i = 0; i < list_length; i++) {
608 Klass* k = list->at(i);
609 assert(k->is_klass(), "List should only hold classes");
610 java_lang_Class::fixup_mirror(k, CATCH);
611 }
612 delete java_lang_Class::fixup_mirror_list();
613 java_lang_Class::set_fixup_mirror_list(nullptr);
614 }
615
616 #define assert_pll_locked(test) \
617 assert(Heap_lock->test(), "Reference pending list access requires lock")
618
619 #define assert_pll_ownership() assert_pll_locked(owned_by_self)
620
621 oop Universe::reference_pending_list() {
622 if (Thread::current()->is_VM_thread()) {
623 assert_pll_locked(is_locked);
624 } else {
625 assert_pll_ownership();
626 }
627 return _reference_pending_list.resolve();
628 }
629
630 void Universe::clear_reference_pending_list() {
631 assert_pll_ownership();
632 _reference_pending_list.replace(nullptr);
633 }
634
635 bool Universe::has_reference_pending_list() {
636 assert_pll_ownership();
637 return _reference_pending_list.peek() != nullptr;
638 }
639
640 oop Universe::swap_reference_pending_list(oop list) {
641 assert_pll_locked(is_locked);
642 return _reference_pending_list.xchg(list);
643 }
644
645 #undef assert_pll_locked
646 #undef assert_pll_ownership
647
648 static void reinitialize_vtables() {
649 // The vtables are initialized by starting at java.lang.Object and
650 // initializing through the subclass links, so that the super
651 // classes are always initialized first.
652 for (ClassHierarchyIterator iter(vmClasses::Object_klass()); !iter.done(); iter.next()) {
653 Klass* sub = iter.klass();
654 sub->vtable().initialize_vtable();
655 }
656 }
657
658 static void reinitialize_itables() {
659
660 class ReinitTableClosure : public KlassClosure {
661 public:
662 void do_klass(Klass* k) {
663 if (k->is_instance_klass()) {
664 InstanceKlass::cast(k)->itable().initialize_itable();
665 }
666 }
667 };
668
669 MutexLocker mcld(ClassLoaderDataGraph_lock);
670 ReinitTableClosure cl;
671 ClassLoaderDataGraph::classes_do(&cl);
672 }
673
674 bool Universe::on_page_boundary(void* addr) {
675 return is_aligned(addr, os::vm_page_size());
676 }
677
678 // the array of preallocated errors with backtraces
679 objArrayOop Universe::preallocated_out_of_memory_errors() {
680 return (objArrayOop)_preallocated_out_of_memory_error_array.resolve();
681 }
682
683 objArrayOop Universe::out_of_memory_errors() { return (objArrayOop)_out_of_memory_errors.resolve(); }
684
685 oop Universe::out_of_memory_error_java_heap() {
686 return gen_out_of_memory_error(out_of_memory_errors()->obj_at(_oom_java_heap));
687 }
688
689 oop Universe::out_of_memory_error_java_heap_without_backtrace() {
690 return out_of_memory_errors()->obj_at(_oom_java_heap);
691 }
692
693 oop Universe::out_of_memory_error_c_heap() {
694 return gen_out_of_memory_error(out_of_memory_errors()->obj_at(_oom_c_heap));
695 }
696
697 oop Universe::out_of_memory_error_metaspace() {
698 return gen_out_of_memory_error(out_of_memory_errors()->obj_at(_oom_metaspace));
699 }
700
701 oop Universe::out_of_memory_error_class_metaspace() {
702 return gen_out_of_memory_error(out_of_memory_errors()->obj_at(_oom_class_metaspace));
703 }
704
705 oop Universe::out_of_memory_error_array_size() {
706 return gen_out_of_memory_error(out_of_memory_errors()->obj_at(_oom_array_size));
707 }
708
709 oop Universe::out_of_memory_error_gc_overhead_limit() {
710 return gen_out_of_memory_error(out_of_memory_errors()->obj_at(_oom_gc_overhead_limit));
711 }
712
713 oop Universe::out_of_memory_error_realloc_objects() {
714 return gen_out_of_memory_error(out_of_memory_errors()->obj_at(_oom_realloc_objects));
715 }
716
717 oop Universe::class_init_out_of_memory_error() { return out_of_memory_errors()->obj_at(_oom_java_heap); }
718 oop Universe::class_init_stack_overflow_error() { return _class_init_stack_overflow_error.resolve(); }
719 oop Universe::delayed_stack_overflow_error_message() { return _delayed_stack_overflow_error_message.resolve(); }
720
721
722 bool Universe::should_fill_in_stack_trace(Handle throwable) {
723 // never attempt to fill in the stack trace of preallocated errors that do not have
724 // backtrace. These errors are kept alive forever and may be "re-used" when all
725 // preallocated errors with backtrace have been consumed. Also need to avoid
726 // a potential loop which could happen if an out of memory occurs when attempting
727 // to allocate the backtrace.
728 objArrayOop preallocated_oom = out_of_memory_errors();
729 for (int i = 0; i < _oom_count; i++) {
730 if (throwable() == preallocated_oom->obj_at(i)) {
731 return false;
732 }
733 }
734 return true;
735 }
736
737
738 oop Universe::gen_out_of_memory_error(oop default_err) {
739 // generate an out of memory error:
740 // - if there is a preallocated error and stack traces are available
741 // (j.l.Throwable is initialized), then return the preallocated
742 // error with a filled in stack trace, and with the message
743 // provided by the default error.
744 // - otherwise, return the default error, without a stack trace.
745 int next;
746 if ((_preallocated_out_of_memory_error_avail_count > 0) &&
747 vmClasses::Throwable_klass()->is_initialized()) {
748 next = (int)AtomicAccess::add(&_preallocated_out_of_memory_error_avail_count, -1);
749 assert(next < (int)PreallocatedOutOfMemoryErrorCount, "avail count is corrupt");
750 } else {
751 next = -1;
752 }
753 if (next < 0) {
754 // all preallocated errors have been used.
755 // return default
756 return default_err;
757 } else {
758 JavaThread* current = JavaThread::current();
759 Handle default_err_h(current, default_err);
760 // get the error object at the slot and set set it to null so that the
761 // array isn't keeping it alive anymore.
762 Handle exc(current, preallocated_out_of_memory_errors()->obj_at(next));
763 assert(exc() != nullptr, "slot has been used already");
764 preallocated_out_of_memory_errors()->obj_at_put(next, nullptr);
765
766 // use the message from the default error
767 oop msg = java_lang_Throwable::message(default_err_h());
768 assert(msg != nullptr, "no message");
769 java_lang_Throwable::set_message(exc(), msg);
770
771 // populate the stack trace and return it.
772 java_lang_Throwable::fill_in_stack_trace_of_preallocated_backtrace(exc);
773 return exc();
774 }
775 }
776
777 bool Universe::is_out_of_memory_error_metaspace(oop ex_obj) {
778 return java_lang_Throwable::message(ex_obj) == _msg_metaspace.resolve();
779 }
780
781 bool Universe::is_out_of_memory_error_class_metaspace(oop ex_obj) {
782 return java_lang_Throwable::message(ex_obj) == _msg_class_metaspace.resolve();
783 }
784
785 // Setup preallocated OutOfMemoryError errors
786 void Universe::create_preallocated_out_of_memory_errors(TRAPS) {
787 InstanceKlass* ik = vmClasses::OutOfMemoryError_klass();
788 objArrayOop oa = oopFactory::new_objArray(ik, _oom_count, CHECK);
789 objArrayHandle oom_array(THREAD, oa);
790
791 for (int i = 0; i < _oom_count; i++) {
792 oop oom_obj = ik->allocate_instance(CHECK);
793 oom_array->obj_at_put(i, oom_obj);
794 }
795 _out_of_memory_errors = OopHandle(vm_global(), oom_array());
796
797 Handle msg = java_lang_String::create_from_str("Java heap space", CHECK);
798 java_lang_Throwable::set_message(oom_array->obj_at(_oom_java_heap), msg());
799
800 msg = java_lang_String::create_from_str("C heap space", CHECK);
801 java_lang_Throwable::set_message(oom_array->obj_at(_oom_c_heap), msg());
802
803 msg = java_lang_String::create_from_str("Metaspace", CHECK);
804 _msg_metaspace = OopHandle(vm_global(), msg());
805 java_lang_Throwable::set_message(oom_array->obj_at(_oom_metaspace), msg());
806
807 msg = java_lang_String::create_from_str("Compressed class space", CHECK);
808 _msg_class_metaspace = OopHandle(vm_global(), msg());
809 java_lang_Throwable::set_message(oom_array->obj_at(_oom_class_metaspace), msg());
810
811 msg = java_lang_String::create_from_str("Requested array size exceeds VM limit", CHECK);
812 java_lang_Throwable::set_message(oom_array->obj_at(_oom_array_size), msg());
813
814 msg = java_lang_String::create_from_str("GC overhead limit exceeded", CHECK);
815 java_lang_Throwable::set_message(oom_array->obj_at(_oom_gc_overhead_limit), msg());
816
817 msg = java_lang_String::create_from_str("Java heap space: failed reallocation of scalar replaced objects", CHECK);
818 java_lang_Throwable::set_message(oom_array->obj_at(_oom_realloc_objects), msg());
819
820 // Setup the array of errors that have preallocated backtrace
821 int len = (StackTraceInThrowable) ? (int)PreallocatedOutOfMemoryErrorCount : 0;
822 objArrayOop instance = oopFactory::new_objArray(ik, len, CHECK);
823 _preallocated_out_of_memory_error_array = OopHandle(vm_global(), instance);
824 objArrayHandle preallocated_oom_array(THREAD, instance);
825
826 for (int i=0; i<len; i++) {
827 oop err = ik->allocate_instance(CHECK);
828 Handle err_h(THREAD, err);
829 java_lang_Throwable::allocate_backtrace(err_h, CHECK);
830 preallocated_oom_array->obj_at_put(i, err_h());
831 }
832 _preallocated_out_of_memory_error_avail_count = (jint)len;
833 }
834
835 intptr_t Universe::_non_oop_bits = 0;
836
837 void* Universe::non_oop_word() {
838 // Neither the high bits nor the low bits of this value is allowed
839 // to look like (respectively) the high or low bits of a real oop.
840 //
841 // High and low are CPU-specific notions, but low always includes
842 // the low-order bit. Since oops are always aligned at least mod 4,
843 // setting the low-order bit will ensure that the low half of the
844 // word will never look like that of a real oop.
845 //
846 // Using the OS-supplied non-memory-address word (usually 0 or -1)
847 // will take care of the high bits, however many there are.
848
849 if (_non_oop_bits == 0) {
850 _non_oop_bits = (intptr_t)os::non_memory_address_word() | 1;
851 }
852
853 return (void*)_non_oop_bits;
854 }
855
856 bool Universe::contains_non_oop_word(void* p) {
857 return *(void**)p == non_oop_word();
858 }
859
860 static void initialize_global_behaviours() {
861 DefaultICProtectionBehaviour* protection_behavior = new DefaultICProtectionBehaviour();
862 // Ignore leak of DefaultICProtectionBehaviour. It is overriden by some GC implementations and the
863 // pointer is leaked once.
864 LSAN_IGNORE_OBJECT(protection_behavior);
865 CompiledICProtectionBehaviour::set_current(protection_behavior);
866 }
867
868 jint universe_init() {
869 assert(!Universe::_fully_initialized, "called after initialize_vtables");
870 guarantee(1 << LogHeapWordSize == sizeof(HeapWord),
871 "LogHeapWordSize is incorrect.");
872 guarantee(sizeof(oop) >= sizeof(HeapWord), "HeapWord larger than oop?");
873 guarantee(sizeof(oop) % sizeof(HeapWord) == 0,
874 "oop size is not not a multiple of HeapWord size");
875
876 TraceTime timer("Genesis", TRACETIME_LOG(Info, startuptime));
877
878 initialize_global_behaviours();
879
880 GCLogPrecious::initialize();
881
882 // Initialize CPUTimeCounters object, which must be done before creation of the heap.
883 CPUTimeCounters::initialize();
884
885 ObjLayout::initialize();
886
887 #ifdef _LP64
888 AOTMetaspace::adjust_heap_sizes_for_dumping();
889 #endif // _LP64
890
891 GCConfig::arguments()->initialize_heap_sizes();
892
893 jint status = Universe::initialize_heap();
894 if (status != JNI_OK) {
895 return status;
896 }
897
898 Universe::initialize_tlab();
899
900 Metaspace::global_initialize();
901
902 // Initialize performance counters for metaspaces
903 MetaspaceCounters::initialize_performance_counters();
904
905 // Checks 'AfterMemoryInit' constraints.
906 if (!JVMFlagLimit::check_all_constraints(JVMFlagConstraintPhase::AfterMemoryInit)) {
907 return JNI_EINVAL;
908 }
909
910 #if INCLUDE_CDS
911 if (CDSConfig::is_using_archive()) {
912 // Read the data structures supporting the shared spaces (shared
913 // system dictionary, symbol table, etc.)
914 AOTMetaspace::initialize_shared_spaces();
915 }
916 #endif
917
918 ClassLoaderData::init_null_class_loader_data();
919
920 #if INCLUDE_CDS
921 #if INCLUDE_CDS_JAVA_HEAP
922 if (CDSConfig::is_using_full_module_graph()) {
923 ClassLoaderDataShared::restore_archived_entries_for_null_class_loader_data();
924 }
925 #endif // INCLUDE_CDS_JAVA_HEAP
926 if (CDSConfig::is_dumping_archive()) {
927 CDSConfig::prepare_for_dumping();
928 }
929 #endif
930
931 SymbolTable::create_table();
932 StringTable::create_table();
933
934 if (strlen(VerifySubSet) > 0) {
935 Universe::initialize_verify_flags();
936 }
937
938 ResolvedMethodTable::create_table();
939
940 return JNI_OK;
941 }
942
943 jint Universe::initialize_heap() {
944 assert(_collectedHeap == nullptr, "Heap already created");
945 _collectedHeap = GCConfig::arguments()->create_heap();
946
947 log_info(gc)("Using %s", _collectedHeap->name());
948 return _collectedHeap->initialize();
949 }
950
951 void Universe::initialize_tlab() {
952 ThreadLocalAllocBuffer::set_max_size(Universe::heap()->max_tlab_size());
953 PLAB::startup_initialization();
954 if (UseTLAB) {
955 ThreadLocalAllocBuffer::startup_initialization();
956 }
957 }
958
959 ReservedHeapSpace Universe::reserve_heap(size_t heap_size, size_t alignment) {
960
961 assert(alignment <= Arguments::conservative_max_heap_alignment(),
962 "actual alignment %zu must be within maximum heap alignment %zu",
963 alignment, Arguments::conservative_max_heap_alignment());
964 assert(is_aligned(heap_size, alignment), "precondition");
965
966 size_t total_reserved = heap_size;
967 assert(!UseCompressedOops || (total_reserved <= (OopEncodingHeapMax - os::vm_page_size())),
968 "heap size is too big for compressed oops");
969
970 size_t page_size = os::vm_page_size();
971 if (UseLargePages && is_aligned(alignment, os::large_page_size())) {
972 page_size = os::large_page_size();
973 } else {
974 // Parallel is the only collector that might opt out of using large pages
975 // for the heap.
976 assert(!UseLargePages || UseParallelGC , "Wrong alignment to use large pages");
977 }
978
979 // Now create the space.
980 ReservedHeapSpace rhs = HeapReserver::reserve(total_reserved, alignment, page_size, AllocateHeapAt);
981
982 if (!rhs.is_reserved()) {
983 vm_exit_during_initialization(
984 err_msg("Could not reserve enough space for %zu KB object heap",
985 total_reserved/K));
986 }
987
988 assert(total_reserved == rhs.size(), "must be exactly of required size");
989 assert(is_aligned(rhs.base(),alignment),"must be exactly of required alignment");
990
991 assert(markWord::encode_pointer_as_mark(rhs.base()).decode_pointer() == rhs.base(),
992 "area must be distinguishable from marks for mark-sweep");
993 assert(markWord::encode_pointer_as_mark(&rhs.base()[rhs.size()]).decode_pointer() ==
994 &rhs.base()[rhs.size()],
995 "area must be distinguishable from marks for mark-sweep");
996
997 // We are good.
998
999 if (AllocateHeapAt != nullptr) {
1000 log_info(gc,heap)("Successfully allocated Java heap at location %s", AllocateHeapAt);
1001 }
1002
1003 if (UseCompressedOops) {
1004 CompressedOops::initialize(rhs);
1005 }
1006
1007 Universe::calculate_verify_data((HeapWord*)rhs.base(), (HeapWord*)rhs.end());
1008
1009 return rhs;
1010 }
1011
1012 OopStorage* Universe::vm_weak() {
1013 return Universe::_vm_weak;
1014 }
1015
1016 OopStorage* Universe::vm_global() {
1017 return Universe::_vm_global;
1018 }
1019
1020 void Universe::oopstorage_init() {
1021 Universe::_vm_global = OopStorageSet::create_strong("VM Global", mtInternal);
1022 Universe::_vm_weak = OopStorageSet::create_weak("VM Weak", mtInternal);
1023 }
1024
1025 void universe_oopstorage_init() {
1026 Universe::oopstorage_init();
1027 }
1028
1029 void LatestMethodCache::init(JavaThread* current, InstanceKlass* ik,
1030 const char* method, Symbol* signature, bool is_static)
1031 {
1032 TempNewSymbol name = SymbolTable::new_symbol(method);
1033 Method* m = nullptr;
1034 // The klass must be linked before looking up the method.
1035 if (!ik->link_class_or_fail(current) ||
1036 ((m = ik->find_method(name, signature)) == nullptr) ||
1037 is_static != m->is_static()) {
1038 ResourceMark rm(current);
1039 // NoSuchMethodException doesn't actually work because it tries to run the
1040 // <init> function before java_lang_Class is linked. Print error and exit.
1041 vm_exit_during_initialization(err_msg("Unable to link/verify %s.%s method",
1042 ik->name()->as_C_string(), method));
1043 }
1044
1045 _klass = ik;
1046 _method_idnum = m->method_idnum();
1047 assert(_method_idnum >= 0, "sanity check");
1048 }
1049
1050 Method* LatestMethodCache::get_method() {
1051 if (_klass == nullptr) {
1052 return nullptr;
1053 } else {
1054 Method* m = _klass->method_with_idnum(_method_idnum);
1055 assert(m != nullptr, "sanity check");
1056 return m;
1057 }
1058 }
1059
1060 Method* Universe::finalizer_register_method() { return _finalizer_register_cache.get_method(); }
1061 Method* Universe::loader_addClass_method() { return _loader_addClass_cache.get_method(); }
1062 Method* Universe::throw_illegal_access_error() { return _throw_illegal_access_error_cache.get_method(); }
1063 Method* Universe::throw_no_such_method_error() { return _throw_no_such_method_error_cache.get_method(); }
1064 Method* Universe::do_stack_walk_method() { return _do_stack_walk_cache.get_method(); }
1065
1066 void Universe::initialize_known_methods(JavaThread* current) {
1067 // Set up static method for registering finalizers
1068 _finalizer_register_cache.init(current,
1069 vmClasses::Finalizer_klass(),
1070 "register",
1071 vmSymbols::object_void_signature(), true);
1072
1073 _throw_illegal_access_error_cache.init(current,
1074 vmClasses::internal_Unsafe_klass(),
1075 "throwIllegalAccessError",
1076 vmSymbols::void_method_signature(), true);
1077
1078 _throw_no_such_method_error_cache.init(current,
1079 vmClasses::internal_Unsafe_klass(),
1080 "throwNoSuchMethodError",
1081 vmSymbols::void_method_signature(), true);
1082
1083 // Set up method for registering loaded classes in class loader vector
1084 _loader_addClass_cache.init(current,
1085 vmClasses::ClassLoader_klass(),
1086 "addClass",
1087 vmSymbols::class_void_signature(), false);
1088
1089 // Set up method for stack walking
1090 _do_stack_walk_cache.init(current,
1091 vmClasses::AbstractStackWalker_klass(),
1092 "doStackWalk",
1093 vmSymbols::doStackWalk_signature(), false);
1094 }
1095
1096 void universe2_init() {
1097 EXCEPTION_MARK;
1098 Universe::genesis(CATCH);
1099 }
1100
1101 // Set after initialization of the module runtime, call_initModuleRuntime
1102 void universe_post_module_init() {
1103 Universe::_module_initialized = true;
1104 }
1105
1106 bool universe_post_init() {
1107 assert(!is_init_completed(), "Error: initialization not yet completed!");
1108 Universe::_fully_initialized = true;
1109 EXCEPTION_MARK;
1110 if (!CDSConfig::is_using_archive()) {
1111 reinitialize_vtables();
1112 reinitialize_itables();
1113 }
1114
1115 HandleMark hm(THREAD);
1116 // Setup preallocated empty java.lang.Class array for Method reflection.
1117
1118 objArrayOop the_empty_class_array = oopFactory::new_objArray(vmClasses::Class_klass(), 0, CHECK_false);
1119 Universe::_the_empty_class_array = OopHandle(Universe::vm_global(), the_empty_class_array);
1120
1121 // Setup preallocated OutOfMemoryError errors
1122 Universe::create_preallocated_out_of_memory_errors(CHECK_false);
1123
1124 oop instance;
1125 // Setup preallocated cause message for delayed StackOverflowError
1126 if (StackReservedPages > 0) {
1127 instance = java_lang_String::create_oop_from_str("Delayed StackOverflowError due to ReservedStackAccess annotated method", CHECK_false);
1128 Universe::_delayed_stack_overflow_error_message = OopHandle(Universe::vm_global(), instance);
1129 }
1130
1131 // Setup preallocated exceptions used for a cheap & dirty solution in compiler exception handling
1132 _null_ptr_exception.init_if_empty(vmSymbols::java_lang_NullPointerException(), CHECK_false);
1133 _arithmetic_exception.init_if_empty(vmSymbols::java_lang_ArithmeticException(), CHECK_false);
1134 _array_index_out_of_bounds_exception.init_if_empty(vmSymbols::java_lang_ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException(), CHECK_false);
1135 _array_store_exception.init_if_empty(vmSymbols::java_lang_ArrayStoreException(), CHECK_false);
1136 _class_cast_exception.init_if_empty(vmSymbols::java_lang_ClassCastException(), CHECK_false);
1137
1138 // Virtual Machine Error for when we get into a situation we can't resolve
1139 Klass* k = vmClasses::InternalError_klass();
1140 bool linked = InstanceKlass::cast(k)->link_class_or_fail(CHECK_false);
1141 if (!linked) {
1142 tty->print_cr("Unable to link/verify InternalError class");
1143 return false; // initialization failed
1144 }
1145 _internal_error.init_if_empty(vmSymbols::java_lang_InternalError(), CHECK_false);
1146
1147 Handle msg = java_lang_String::create_from_str("/ by zero", CHECK_false);
1148 java_lang_Throwable::set_message(Universe::arithmetic_exception_instance(), msg());
1149
1150 // Setup preallocated StackOverflowError for use with class initialization failure
1151 k = SystemDictionary::resolve_or_fail(vmSymbols::java_lang_StackOverflowError(), true, CHECK_false);
1152 instance = InstanceKlass::cast(k)->allocate_instance(CHECK_false);
1153 Universe::_class_init_stack_overflow_error = OopHandle(Universe::vm_global(), instance);
1154
1155 Universe::initialize_known_methods(THREAD);
1156
1157 // This needs to be done before the first scavenge/gc, since
1158 // it's an input to soft ref clearing policy.
1159 {
1160 MutexLocker x(THREAD, Heap_lock);
1161 Universe::heap()->update_capacity_and_used_at_gc();
1162 }
1163
1164 // ("weak") refs processing infrastructure initialization
1165 Universe::heap()->post_initialize();
1166
1167 MemoryService::add_metaspace_memory_pools();
1168
1169 MemoryService::set_universe_heap(Universe::heap());
1170 #if INCLUDE_CDS
1171 AOTMetaspace::post_initialize(CHECK_false);
1172 #endif
1173 return true;
1174 }
1175
1176
1177 void Universe::compute_base_vtable_size() {
1178 _base_vtable_size = ClassLoader::compute_Object_vtable();
1179 }
1180
1181 void Universe::print_on(outputStream* st) {
1182 GCMutexLocker hl(Heap_lock); // Heap_lock might be locked by caller thread.
1183 st->print_cr("Heap");
1184
1185 StreamIndentor si(st, 1);
1186 heap()->print_heap_on(st);
1187 MetaspaceUtils::print_on(st);
1188 }
1189
1190 void Universe::print_heap_at_SIGBREAK() {
1191 if (PrintHeapAtSIGBREAK) {
1192 print_on(tty);
1193 tty->cr();
1194 tty->flush();
1195 }
1196 }
1197
1198 void Universe::initialize_verify_flags() {
1199 verify_flags = 0;
1200 const char delimiter[] = " ,";
1201
1202 size_t length = strlen(VerifySubSet);
1203 char* subset_list = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, length + 1, mtInternal);
1204 strncpy(subset_list, VerifySubSet, length + 1);
1205 char* save_ptr;
1206
1207 char* token = strtok_r(subset_list, delimiter, &save_ptr);
1208 while (token != nullptr) {
1209 if (strcmp(token, "threads") == 0) {
1210 verify_flags |= Verify_Threads;
1211 } else if (strcmp(token, "heap") == 0) {
1212 verify_flags |= Verify_Heap;
1213 } else if (strcmp(token, "symbol_table") == 0) {
1214 verify_flags |= Verify_SymbolTable;
1215 } else if (strcmp(token, "string_table") == 0) {
1216 verify_flags |= Verify_StringTable;
1217 } else if (strcmp(token, "codecache") == 0) {
1218 verify_flags |= Verify_CodeCache;
1219 } else if (strcmp(token, "dictionary") == 0) {
1220 verify_flags |= Verify_SystemDictionary;
1221 } else if (strcmp(token, "classloader_data_graph") == 0) {
1222 verify_flags |= Verify_ClassLoaderDataGraph;
1223 } else if (strcmp(token, "metaspace") == 0) {
1224 verify_flags |= Verify_MetaspaceUtils;
1225 } else if (strcmp(token, "jni_handles") == 0) {
1226 verify_flags |= Verify_JNIHandles;
1227 } else if (strcmp(token, "codecache_oops") == 0) {
1228 verify_flags |= Verify_CodeCacheOops;
1229 } else if (strcmp(token, "resolved_method_table") == 0) {
1230 verify_flags |= Verify_ResolvedMethodTable;
1231 } else if (strcmp(token, "stringdedup") == 0) {
1232 verify_flags |= Verify_StringDedup;
1233 } else {
1234 vm_exit_during_initialization(err_msg("VerifySubSet: \'%s\' memory sub-system is unknown, please correct it", token));
1235 }
1236 token = strtok_r(nullptr, delimiter, &save_ptr);
1237 }
1238 FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, subset_list);
1239 }
1240
1241 bool Universe::should_verify_subset(uint subset) {
1242 if (verify_flags & subset) {
1243 return true;
1244 }
1245 return false;
1246 }
1247
1248 void Universe::verify(VerifyOption option, const char* prefix) {
1249 COMPILER2_PRESENT(
1250 assert(!DerivedPointerTable::is_active(),
1251 "DPT should not be active during verification "
1252 "(of thread stacks below)");
1253 )
1254
1255 Thread* thread = Thread::current();
1256 ResourceMark rm(thread);
1257 HandleMark hm(thread); // Handles created during verification can be zapped
1258 _verify_count++;
1259
1260 FormatBuffer<> title("Verifying %s", prefix);
1261 GCTraceTime(Info, gc, verify) tm(title.buffer());
1262 if (should_verify_subset(Verify_Threads)) {
1263 log_debug(gc, verify)("Threads");
1264 Threads::verify();
1265 }
1266 if (should_verify_subset(Verify_Heap)) {
1267 log_debug(gc, verify)("Heap");
1268 heap()->verify(option);
1269 }
1270 if (should_verify_subset(Verify_SymbolTable)) {
1271 log_debug(gc, verify)("SymbolTable");
1272 SymbolTable::verify();
1273 }
1274 if (should_verify_subset(Verify_StringTable)) {
1275 log_debug(gc, verify)("StringTable");
1276 StringTable::verify();
1277 }
1278 if (should_verify_subset(Verify_CodeCache)) {
1279 log_debug(gc, verify)("CodeCache");
1280 CodeCache::verify();
1281 }
1282 if (should_verify_subset(Verify_SystemDictionary)) {
1283 log_debug(gc, verify)("SystemDictionary");
1284 SystemDictionary::verify();
1285 }
1286 if (should_verify_subset(Verify_ClassLoaderDataGraph)) {
1287 log_debug(gc, verify)("ClassLoaderDataGraph");
1288 ClassLoaderDataGraph::verify();
1289 }
1290 if (should_verify_subset(Verify_MetaspaceUtils)) {
1291 log_debug(gc, verify)("MetaspaceUtils");
1292 DEBUG_ONLY(MetaspaceUtils::verify();)
1293 }
1294 if (should_verify_subset(Verify_JNIHandles)) {
1295 log_debug(gc, verify)("JNIHandles");
1296 JNIHandles::verify();
1297 }
1298 if (should_verify_subset(Verify_CodeCacheOops)) {
1299 log_debug(gc, verify)("CodeCache Oops");
1300 CodeCache::verify_oops();
1301 }
1302 if (should_verify_subset(Verify_ResolvedMethodTable)) {
1303 log_debug(gc, verify)("ResolvedMethodTable Oops");
1304 ResolvedMethodTable::verify();
1305 }
1306 if (should_verify_subset(Verify_StringDedup)) {
1307 log_debug(gc, verify)("String Deduplication");
1308 StringDedup::verify();
1309 }
1310 }
1311
1312 static void log_cpu_time() {
1313 LogTarget(Info, cpu) cpuLog;
1314 if (!cpuLog.is_enabled()) {
1315 return;
1316 }
1317
1318 const double process_cpu_time = os::elapsed_process_cpu_time();
1319 if (process_cpu_time == 0 || process_cpu_time == -1) {
1320 // 0 can happen e.g. for short running processes with
1321 // low CPU utilization
1322 return;
1323 }
1324
1325 const double gc_threads_cpu_time = (double) CPUTimeUsage::GC::gc_threads() / NANOSECS_PER_SEC;
1326 const double gc_vm_thread_cpu_time = (double) CPUTimeUsage::GC::vm_thread() / NANOSECS_PER_SEC;
1327 const double gc_string_dedup_cpu_time = (double) CPUTimeUsage::GC::stringdedup() / NANOSECS_PER_SEC;
1328 const double gc_cpu_time = (double) gc_threads_cpu_time + gc_vm_thread_cpu_time + gc_string_dedup_cpu_time;
1329
1330 const double elasped_time = os::elapsedTime();
1331 const bool has_error = CPUTimeUsage::Error::has_error();
1332
1333 if (gc_cpu_time < process_cpu_time) {
1334 cpuLog.print("=== CPU time Statistics =============================================================");
1335 if (has_error) {
1336 cpuLog.print("WARNING: CPU time sampling reported errors, numbers may be unreliable");
1337 }
1338 cpuLog.print(" CPUs");
1339 cpuLog.print(" s %% utilized");
1340 cpuLog.print(" Process");
1341 cpuLog.print(" Total %30.4f %6.2f %8.1f", process_cpu_time, 100.0, process_cpu_time / elasped_time);
1342 cpuLog.print(" Garbage Collection %30.4f %6.2f %8.1f", gc_cpu_time, percent_of(gc_cpu_time, process_cpu_time), gc_cpu_time / elasped_time);
1343 cpuLog.print(" GC Threads %30.4f %6.2f %8.1f", gc_threads_cpu_time, percent_of(gc_threads_cpu_time, process_cpu_time), gc_threads_cpu_time / elasped_time);
1344 cpuLog.print(" VM Thread %30.4f %6.2f %8.1f", gc_vm_thread_cpu_time, percent_of(gc_vm_thread_cpu_time, process_cpu_time), gc_vm_thread_cpu_time / elasped_time);
1345
1346 if (UseStringDeduplication) {
1347 cpuLog.print(" String Deduplication %30.4f %6.2f %8.1f", gc_string_dedup_cpu_time, percent_of(gc_string_dedup_cpu_time, process_cpu_time), gc_string_dedup_cpu_time / elasped_time);
1348 }
1349 cpuLog.print("=====================================================================================");
1350 }
1351 }
1352
1353 void Universe::before_exit() {
1354 {
1355 // Acquire the Heap_lock to synchronize with VM_Heap_Sync_Operations,
1356 // which may depend on the value of _is_shutting_down flag.
1357 MutexLocker hl(Heap_lock);
1358 log_cpu_time();
1359 AtomicAccess::release_store(&_is_shutting_down, true);
1360 }
1361
1362 heap()->before_exit();
1363
1364 // Print GC/heap related information.
1365 Log(gc, exit) log;
1366 if (log.is_info()) {
1367 LogStream ls_info(log.info());
1368 Universe::print_on(&ls_info);
1369 if (log.is_trace()) {
1370 LogStream ls_trace(log.trace());
1371 MutexLocker mcld(ClassLoaderDataGraph_lock);
1372 ClassLoaderDataGraph::print_on(&ls_trace);
1373 }
1374 }
1375 }
1376
1377 #ifndef PRODUCT
1378 void Universe::calculate_verify_data(HeapWord* low_boundary, HeapWord* high_boundary) {
1379 assert(low_boundary < high_boundary, "bad interval");
1380
1381 // decide which low-order bits we require to be clear:
1382 size_t alignSize = MinObjAlignmentInBytes;
1383 size_t min_object_size = CollectedHeap::min_fill_size();
1384
1385 // make an inclusive limit:
1386 uintptr_t max = (uintptr_t)high_boundary - min_object_size*wordSize;
1387 uintptr_t min = (uintptr_t)low_boundary;
1388 assert(min < max, "bad interval");
1389 uintptr_t diff = max ^ min;
1390
1391 // throw away enough low-order bits to make the diff vanish
1392 uintptr_t mask = (uintptr_t)(-1);
1393 while ((mask & diff) != 0)
1394 mask <<= 1;
1395 uintptr_t bits = (min & mask);
1396 assert(bits == (max & mask), "correct mask");
1397 // check an intermediate value between min and max, just to make sure:
1398 assert(bits == ((min + (max-min)/2) & mask), "correct mask");
1399
1400 // require address alignment, too:
1401 mask |= (alignSize - 1);
1402
1403 if (!(_verify_oop_mask == 0 && _verify_oop_bits == (uintptr_t)-1)) {
1404 assert(_verify_oop_mask == mask && _verify_oop_bits == bits, "mask stability");
1405 }
1406 _verify_oop_mask = mask;
1407 _verify_oop_bits = bits;
1408 }
1409
1410 void Universe::set_verify_data(uintptr_t mask, uintptr_t bits) {
1411 _verify_oop_mask = mask;
1412 _verify_oop_bits = bits;
1413 }
1414
1415 // Oop verification (see MacroAssembler::verify_oop)
1416
1417 uintptr_t Universe::verify_oop_mask() {
1418 return _verify_oop_mask;
1419 }
1420
1421 uintptr_t Universe::verify_oop_bits() {
1422 return _verify_oop_bits;
1423 }
1424
1425 uintptr_t Universe::verify_mark_mask() {
1426 return markWord::lock_mask_in_place;
1427 }
1428
1429 uintptr_t Universe::verify_mark_bits() {
1430 intptr_t mask = verify_mark_mask();
1431 intptr_t bits = (intptr_t)markWord::prototype().value();
1432 assert((bits & ~mask) == 0, "no stray header bits");
1433 return bits;
1434 }
1435 #endif // PRODUCT
1436
1437 #ifdef ASSERT
1438 // Release dummy object(s) at bottom of heap
1439 bool Universe::release_fullgc_alot_dummy() {
1440 MutexLocker ml(FullGCALot_lock);
1441 objArrayOop fullgc_alot_dummy_array = (objArrayOop)_fullgc_alot_dummy_array.resolve();
1442 if (fullgc_alot_dummy_array != nullptr) {
1443 if (_fullgc_alot_dummy_next >= fullgc_alot_dummy_array->length()) {
1444 // No more dummies to release, release entire array instead
1445 _fullgc_alot_dummy_array.release(Universe::vm_global());
1446 _fullgc_alot_dummy_array = OopHandle(); // null out OopStorage pointer.
1447 return false;
1448 }
1449
1450 // Release dummy at bottom of old generation
1451 fullgc_alot_dummy_array->obj_at_put(_fullgc_alot_dummy_next++, nullptr);
1452 }
1453 return true;
1454 }
1455
1456 bool Universe::is_stw_gc_active() {
1457 return heap()->is_stw_gc_active();
1458 }
1459
1460 bool Universe::is_in_heap(const void* p) {
1461 return heap()->is_in(p);
1462 }
1463
1464 #endif // ASSERT