1 /*
   2  * Copyright (c) 1997, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
   3  * Copyright (c) 2021, Azul Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
   4  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
   5  *
   6  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
   7  * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
   8  * published by the Free Software Foundation.
   9  *
  10  * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
  11  * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
  12  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
  13  * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
  14  * accompanied this code).
  15  *
  16  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
  17  * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
  18  * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
  19  *
  20  * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
  21  * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
  22  * questions.
  23  *
  24  */
  25 
  26 #include "cds/dynamicArchive.hpp"
  27 #include "ci/ciEnv.hpp"
  28 #include "classfile/javaClasses.inline.hpp"
  29 #include "classfile/javaThreadStatus.hpp"
  30 #include "classfile/systemDictionary.hpp"
  31 #include "classfile/vmClasses.hpp"
  32 #include "classfile/vmSymbols.hpp"
  33 #include "code/codeCache.hpp"
  34 #include "code/scopeDesc.hpp"
  35 #include "compiler/compilerThread.hpp"
  36 #include "compiler/compileTask.hpp"
  37 #include "gc/shared/oopStorage.hpp"
  38 #include "gc/shared/oopStorageSet.hpp"
  39 #include "gc/shared/tlab_globals.hpp"
  40 #include "jfr/jfrEvents.hpp"
  41 #include "jvm.h"
  42 #include "jvmtifiles/jvmtiEnv.hpp"
  43 #include "logging/log.hpp"
  44 #include "logging/logAsyncWriter.hpp"
  45 #include "logging/logStream.hpp"
  46 #include "memory/allocation.inline.hpp"
  47 #include "memory/iterator.hpp"
  48 #include "memory/universe.hpp"
  49 #include "oops/access.inline.hpp"
  50 #include "oops/instanceKlass.hpp"
  51 #include "oops/klass.inline.hpp"
  52 #include "oops/oop.inline.hpp"
  53 #include "oops/oopHandle.inline.hpp"
  54 #include "oops/verifyOopClosure.hpp"
  55 #include "prims/jvm_misc.hpp"
  56 #include "prims/jvmtiDeferredUpdates.hpp"
  57 #include "prims/jvmtiExport.hpp"
  58 #include "prims/jvmtiThreadState.inline.hpp"
  59 #include "runtime/atomicAccess.hpp"
  60 #include "runtime/continuation.hpp"
  61 #include "runtime/continuationEntry.inline.hpp"
  62 #include "runtime/continuationHelper.inline.hpp"
  63 #include "runtime/deoptimization.hpp"
  64 #include "runtime/frame.inline.hpp"
  65 #include "runtime/handles.inline.hpp"
  66 #include "runtime/handshake.hpp"
  67 #include "runtime/interfaceSupport.inline.hpp"
  68 #include "runtime/java.hpp"
  69 #include "runtime/javaCalls.hpp"
  70 #include "runtime/javaThread.inline.hpp"
  71 #include "runtime/jniHandles.inline.hpp"
  72 #include "runtime/lockStack.inline.hpp"
  73 #include "runtime/mutexLocker.hpp"
  74 #include "runtime/orderAccess.hpp"
  75 #include "runtime/os.inline.hpp"
  76 #include "runtime/osThread.hpp"
  77 #include "runtime/safepoint.hpp"
  78 #include "runtime/safepointMechanism.inline.hpp"
  79 #include "runtime/safepointVerifiers.hpp"
  80 #include "runtime/serviceThread.hpp"
  81 #include "runtime/stackFrameStream.inline.hpp"
  82 #include "runtime/stackWatermarkSet.hpp"
  83 #include "runtime/synchronizer.hpp"
  84 #include "runtime/threadIdentifier.hpp"
  85 #include "runtime/threadSMR.inline.hpp"
  86 #include "runtime/threadStatisticalInfo.hpp"
  87 #include "runtime/threadWXSetters.inline.hpp"
  88 #include "runtime/timer.hpp"
  89 #include "runtime/timerTrace.hpp"
  90 #include "runtime/vframe.inline.hpp"
  91 #include "runtime/vframe_hp.hpp"
  92 #include "runtime/vframeArray.hpp"
  93 #include "runtime/vmOperations.hpp"
  94 #include "runtime/vmThread.hpp"
  95 #include "services/threadService.hpp"
  96 #include "utilities/copy.hpp"
  97 #include "utilities/defaultStream.hpp"
  98 #include "utilities/dtrace.hpp"
  99 #include "utilities/events.hpp"
 100 #include "utilities/macros.hpp"
 101 #include "utilities/nativeStackPrinter.hpp"
 102 #include "utilities/preserveException.hpp"
 103 #include "utilities/spinYield.hpp"
 104 #include "utilities/vmError.hpp"
 105 #if INCLUDE_JVMCI
 106 #include "jvmci/jvmci.hpp"
 107 #include "jvmci/jvmciEnv.hpp"
 108 #endif
 109 #if INCLUDE_JFR
 110 #include "jfr/jfr.hpp"
 111 #endif
 112 
 113 // Set by os layer.
 114 size_t      JavaThread::_stack_size_at_create = 0;
 115 
 116 #ifdef DTRACE_ENABLED
 117 
 118 // Only bother with this argument setup if dtrace is available
 119 
 120   #define HOTSPOT_THREAD_PROBE_start HOTSPOT_THREAD_START
 121   #define HOTSPOT_THREAD_PROBE_stop HOTSPOT_THREAD_STOP
 122 
 123   #define DTRACE_THREAD_PROBE(probe, javathread)                           \
 124     if (!javathread->is_aot_thread()) {                                    \
 125       ResourceMark rm(this);                                               \
 126       int len = 0;                                                         \
 127       const char* name = (javathread)->name();                             \
 128       len = strlen(name);                                                  \
 129       HOTSPOT_THREAD_PROBE_##probe(/* probe = start, stop */               \
 130         (char *) name, len,                                                \
 131         java_lang_Thread::thread_id((javathread)->threadObj()),            \
 132         (uintptr_t) (javathread)->osthread()->thread_id(),                 \
 133         java_lang_Thread::is_daemon((javathread)->threadObj()));           \
 134     }
 135 
 136 #else //  ndef DTRACE_ENABLED
 137 
 138   #define DTRACE_THREAD_PROBE(probe, javathread)
 139 
 140 #endif // ndef DTRACE_ENABLED
 141 
 142 void JavaThread::smr_delete() {
 143   if (_on_thread_list) {
 144     ThreadsSMRSupport::smr_delete(this);
 145   } else {
 146     delete this;
 147   }
 148 }
 149 
 150 // Initialized by VMThread at vm_global_init
 151 OopStorage* JavaThread::_thread_oop_storage = nullptr;
 152 
 153 OopStorage* JavaThread::thread_oop_storage() {
 154   assert(_thread_oop_storage != nullptr, "not yet initialized");
 155   return _thread_oop_storage;
 156 }
 157 
 158 void JavaThread::set_threadOopHandles(oop p) {
 159   assert(_thread_oop_storage != nullptr, "not yet initialized");
 160   _threadObj   = OopHandle(_thread_oop_storage, p);
 161   _vthread     = OopHandle(_thread_oop_storage, p);
 162   _jvmti_vthread = OopHandle(_thread_oop_storage, p->is_a(vmClasses::BoundVirtualThread_klass()) ? p : nullptr);
 163   _scopedValueCache = OopHandle(_thread_oop_storage, nullptr);
 164 }
 165 
 166 oop JavaThread::threadObj() const {
 167   // Ideally we would verify the current thread is oop_safe when this is called, but as we can
 168   // be called from a signal handler we would have to use Thread::current_or_null_safe(). That
 169   // has overhead and also interacts poorly with GetLastError on Windows due to the use of TLS.
 170   // Instead callers must verify oop safe access.
 171   return _threadObj.resolve();
 172 }
 173 
 174 oop JavaThread::vthread() const {
 175   return _vthread.resolve();
 176 }
 177 
 178 void JavaThread::set_vthread(oop p) {
 179   assert(_thread_oop_storage != nullptr, "not yet initialized");
 180   _vthread.replace(p);
 181 }
 182 
 183 oop JavaThread::jvmti_vthread() const {
 184   return _jvmti_vthread.resolve();
 185 }
 186 
 187 void JavaThread::set_jvmti_vthread(oop p) {
 188   assert(_thread_oop_storage != nullptr, "not yet initialized");
 189   _jvmti_vthread.replace(p);
 190 }
 191 
 192 // If there is a virtual thread mounted then return vthread() oop.
 193 // Otherwise, return threadObj().
 194 oop JavaThread::vthread_or_thread() const {
 195   oop result = vthread();
 196   if (result == nullptr) {
 197     result = threadObj();
 198   }
 199   return result;
 200 }
 201 
 202 oop JavaThread::scopedValueCache() const {
 203   return _scopedValueCache.resolve();
 204 }
 205 
 206 void JavaThread::set_scopedValueCache(oop p) {
 207   if (!_scopedValueCache.is_empty()) { // i.e. if the OopHandle has been allocated
 208     _scopedValueCache.replace(p);
 209   } else {
 210     assert(p == nullptr, "not yet initialized");
 211   }
 212 }
 213 
 214 void JavaThread::clear_scopedValueBindings() {
 215   set_scopedValueCache(nullptr);
 216   oop vthread_oop = vthread();
 217   // vthread may be null here if we get a VM error during startup,
 218   // before the java.lang.Thread instance has been created.
 219   if (vthread_oop != nullptr) {
 220     java_lang_Thread::clear_scopedValueBindings(vthread_oop);
 221   }
 222 }
 223 
 224 void JavaThread::allocate_threadObj(Handle thread_group, const char* thread_name,
 225                                     bool daemon, TRAPS) {
 226   assert(thread_group.not_null(), "thread group should be specified");
 227   assert(threadObj() == nullptr, "should only create Java thread object once");
 228 
 229   InstanceKlass* ik = vmClasses::Thread_klass();
 230   assert(ik->is_initialized(), "must be");
 231   instanceHandle thread_oop = ik->allocate_instance_handle(CHECK);
 232 
 233   // We are called from jni_AttachCurrentThread/jni_AttachCurrentThreadAsDaemon.
 234   // We cannot use JavaCalls::construct_new_instance because the java.lang.Thread
 235   // constructor calls Thread.current(), which must be set here.
 236   java_lang_Thread::set_thread(thread_oop(), this);
 237   set_threadOopHandles(thread_oop());
 238 
 239   JavaValue result(T_VOID);
 240   if (thread_name != nullptr) {
 241     Handle name = java_lang_String::create_from_str(thread_name, CHECK);
 242     // Thread gets assigned specified name and null target
 243     JavaCalls::call_special(&result,
 244                             thread_oop,
 245                             ik,
 246                             vmSymbols::object_initializer_name(),
 247                             vmSymbols::threadgroup_string_void_signature(),
 248                             thread_group,
 249                             name,
 250                             CHECK);
 251   } else {
 252     // Thread gets assigned name "Thread-nnn" and null target
 253     // (java.lang.Thread doesn't have a constructor taking only a ThreadGroup argument)
 254     JavaCalls::call_special(&result,
 255                             thread_oop,
 256                             ik,
 257                             vmSymbols::object_initializer_name(),
 258                             vmSymbols::threadgroup_runnable_void_signature(),
 259                             thread_group,
 260                             Handle(),
 261                             CHECK);
 262   }
 263 
 264   os::set_priority(this, NormPriority);
 265 
 266   if (daemon) {
 267     java_lang_Thread::set_daemon(thread_oop());
 268   }
 269 }
 270 
 271 // ======= JavaThread ========
 272 
 273 #if INCLUDE_JVMCI
 274 
 275 jlong* JavaThread::_jvmci_old_thread_counters;
 276 
 277 static bool jvmci_counters_include(JavaThread* thread) {
 278   return !JVMCICountersExcludeCompiler || !thread->is_Compiler_thread();
 279 }
 280 
 281 void JavaThread::collect_counters(jlong* array, int length) {
 282   assert(length == JVMCICounterSize, "wrong value");
 283   for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
 284     array[i] = _jvmci_old_thread_counters[i];
 285   }
 286   for (JavaThread* tp : ThreadsListHandle()) {
 287     if (jvmci_counters_include(tp)) {
 288       for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
 289         array[i] += tp->_jvmci_counters[i];
 290       }
 291     }
 292   }
 293 }
 294 
 295 // Attempt to enlarge the array for per thread counters.
 296 static jlong* resize_counters_array(jlong* old_counters, int current_size, int new_size) {
 297   jlong* new_counters = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY_RETURN_NULL(jlong, new_size, mtJVMCI);
 298   if (new_counters == nullptr) {
 299     return nullptr;
 300   }
 301   if (old_counters == nullptr) {
 302     old_counters = new_counters;
 303     memset(old_counters, 0, sizeof(jlong) * new_size);
 304   } else {
 305     for (int i = 0; i < MIN2((int) current_size, new_size); i++) {
 306       new_counters[i] = old_counters[i];
 307     }
 308     if (new_size > current_size) {
 309       memset(new_counters + current_size, 0, sizeof(jlong) * (new_size - current_size));
 310     }
 311     FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(jlong, old_counters);
 312   }
 313   return new_counters;
 314 }
 315 
 316 // Attempt to enlarge the array for per thread counters.
 317 bool JavaThread::resize_counters(int current_size, int new_size) {
 318   jlong* new_counters = resize_counters_array(_jvmci_counters, current_size, new_size);
 319   if (new_counters == nullptr) {
 320     return false;
 321   } else {
 322     _jvmci_counters = new_counters;
 323     return true;
 324   }
 325 }
 326 
 327 class VM_JVMCIResizeCounters : public VM_Operation {
 328  private:
 329   int _new_size;
 330   bool _failed;
 331 
 332  public:
 333   VM_JVMCIResizeCounters(int new_size) : _new_size(new_size), _failed(false) { }
 334   VMOp_Type type()                  const        { return VMOp_JVMCIResizeCounters; }
 335   bool allow_nested_vm_operations() const        { return true; }
 336   void doit() {
 337     // Resize the old thread counters array
 338     jlong* new_counters = resize_counters_array(JavaThread::_jvmci_old_thread_counters, JVMCICounterSize, _new_size);
 339     if (new_counters == nullptr) {
 340       _failed = true;
 341       return;
 342     } else {
 343       JavaThread::_jvmci_old_thread_counters = new_counters;
 344     }
 345 
 346     // Now resize each threads array
 347     for (JavaThread* tp : ThreadsListHandle()) {
 348       if (!tp->resize_counters(JVMCICounterSize, _new_size)) {
 349         _failed = true;
 350         break;
 351       }
 352     }
 353     if (!_failed) {
 354       JVMCICounterSize = _new_size;
 355     }
 356   }
 357 
 358   bool failed() { return _failed; }
 359 };
 360 
 361 bool JavaThread::resize_all_jvmci_counters(int new_size) {
 362   VM_JVMCIResizeCounters op(new_size);
 363   VMThread::execute(&op);
 364   return !op.failed();
 365 }
 366 
 367 #endif // INCLUDE_JVMCI
 368 
 369 #ifdef ASSERT
 370 // Checks safepoint allowed and clears unhandled oops at potential safepoints.
 371 void JavaThread::check_possible_safepoint() {
 372   if (_no_safepoint_count > 0) {
 373     print_owned_locks();
 374     assert(false, "Possible safepoint reached by thread that does not allow it");
 375   }
 376 #ifdef CHECK_UNHANDLED_OOPS
 377   // Clear unhandled oops in JavaThreads so we get a crash right away.
 378   clear_unhandled_oops();
 379 #endif // CHECK_UNHANDLED_OOPS
 380 
 381   // Macos/aarch64 should be in the right state for safepoint (e.g.
 382   // deoptimization needs WXWrite).  Crashes caused by the wrong state rarely
 383   // happens in practice, making such issues hard to find and reproduce.
 384 #if defined(__APPLE__) && defined(AARCH64)
 385   if (AssertWXAtThreadSync) {
 386     assert_wx_state(WXWrite);
 387   }
 388 #endif
 389 }
 390 
 391 void JavaThread::check_for_valid_safepoint_state() {
 392   // Don't complain if running a debugging command.
 393   if (DebuggingContext::is_enabled()) return;
 394 
 395   // Check NoSafepointVerifier, which is implied by locks taken that can be
 396   // shared with the VM thread.  This makes sure that no locks with allow_vm_block
 397   // are held.
 398   check_possible_safepoint();
 399 
 400   if (thread_state() != _thread_in_vm) {
 401     fatal("LEAF method calling lock?");
 402   }
 403 
 404   if (GCALotAtAllSafepoints) {
 405     // We could enter a safepoint here and thus have a gc
 406     InterfaceSupport::check_gc_alot();
 407   }
 408 }
 409 #endif // ASSERT
 410 
 411 // A JavaThread is a normal Java thread
 412 
 413 JavaThread::JavaThread(MemTag mem_tag) :
 414   Thread(mem_tag),
 415   // Initialize fields
 416   _on_thread_list(false),
 417   DEBUG_ONLY(_java_call_counter(0) COMMA)
 418   _entry_point(nullptr),
 419   _deopt_mark(nullptr),
 420   _deopt_nmethod(nullptr),
 421   _vframe_array_head(nullptr),
 422   _vframe_array_last(nullptr),
 423   _jvmti_deferred_updates(nullptr),
 424   _callee_target(nullptr),
 425   _vm_result_oop(nullptr),
 426   _vm_result_metadata(nullptr),
 427 
 428   _current_pending_monitor(nullptr),
 429   _current_pending_monitor_is_from_java(true),
 430   _current_waiting_monitor(nullptr),
 431   _active_handles(nullptr),
 432   _free_handle_block(nullptr),
 433   _monitor_owner_id(0),
 434 
 435   _suspend_flags(0),
 436 
 437   _thread_state(_thread_new),
 438   _saved_exception_pc(nullptr),
 439 #ifdef ASSERT
 440   _no_safepoint_count(0),
 441   _visited_for_critical_count(false),
 442 #endif
 443 
 444   _terminated(_not_terminated),
 445   _in_deopt_handler(0),
 446   _doing_unsafe_access(false),
 447   _throwing_unsafe_access_error(false),
 448   _do_not_unlock_if_synchronized(false),
 449 #if INCLUDE_JVMTI
 450   _carrier_thread_suspended(false),
 451   _is_in_VTMS_transition(false),
 452   _is_disable_suspend(false),
 453   _is_in_java_upcall(false),
 454   _VTMS_transition_mark(false),
 455   _on_monitor_waited_event(false),
 456   _contended_entered_monitor(nullptr),
 457 #ifdef ASSERT
 458   _is_VTMS_transition_disabler(false),
 459 #endif
 460 #endif
 461   _jni_attach_state(_not_attaching_via_jni),
 462   _is_in_internal_oome_mark(false),
 463 #if INCLUDE_JVMCI
 464   _pending_deoptimization(-1),
 465   _pending_monitorenter(false),
 466   _pending_transfer_to_interpreter(false),
 467   _pending_failed_speculation(0),
 468   _jvmci{nullptr},
 469   _libjvmci_runtime(nullptr),
 470   _jvmci_counters(nullptr),
 471   _jvmci_reserved0(0),
 472   _jvmci_reserved1(0),
 473   _jvmci_reserved_oop0(nullptr),
 474   _live_nmethod(nullptr),
 475 #endif // INCLUDE_JVMCI
 476 
 477   _exception_oop(oop()),
 478   _exception_pc(nullptr),
 479   _exception_handler_pc(nullptr),
 480 
 481   _jni_active_critical(0),
 482   _pending_jni_exception_check_fn(nullptr),
 483   _depth_first_number(0),
 484 
 485   // JVMTI PopFrame support
 486   _popframe_condition(popframe_inactive),
 487   _frames_to_pop_failed_realloc(0),
 488 
 489   _cont_entry(nullptr),
 490   _cont_fastpath(nullptr),
 491   _cont_fastpath_thread_state(1),
 492   _unlocked_inflated_monitor(nullptr),
 493 
 494   _preempt_alternate_return(nullptr),
 495   _preemption_cancelled(false),
 496   _pending_interrupted_exception(false),
 497   _at_preemptable_init(false),
 498   DEBUG_ONLY(_preempt_init_klass(nullptr) COMMA)
 499   DEBUG_ONLY(_interp_at_preemptable_vmcall_cnt(0) COMMA)
 500   DEBUG_ONLY(_interp_redoing_vm_call(false) COMMA)
 501 
 502   _handshake(this),
 503   _suspend_resume_manager(this, &_handshake._lock),
 504 
 505   _popframe_preserved_args(nullptr),
 506   _popframe_preserved_args_size(0),
 507 
 508   _jvmti_thread_state(nullptr),
 509   _interp_only_mode(0),
 510   _should_post_on_exceptions_flag(JNI_FALSE),
 511   _thread_stat(new ThreadStatistics()),
 512 
 513   _parker(),
 514 
 515   _class_to_be_initialized(nullptr),
 516   _class_being_initialized(nullptr),
 517 
 518   _SleepEvent(ParkEvent::Allocate(this)),
 519 
 520 #if INCLUDE_JFR
 521   _last_freeze_fail_result(freeze_ok),
 522 #endif
 523 
 524   _lock_stack(this),
 525   _om_cache(this) {
 526   set_jni_functions(jni_functions());
 527 
 528 #if INCLUDE_JVMCI
 529   assert(_jvmci._implicit_exception_pc == nullptr, "must be");
 530   if (JVMCICounterSize > 0) {
 531     resize_counters(0, (int) JVMCICounterSize);
 532   }
 533 #endif // INCLUDE_JVMCI
 534 
 535   // Setup safepoint state info for this thread
 536   ThreadSafepointState::create(this);
 537 
 538   SafepointMechanism::initialize_header(this);
 539 
 540   set_requires_cross_modify_fence(false);
 541 
 542   pd_initialize();
 543 }
 544 
 545 JavaThread* JavaThread::create_attaching_thread() {
 546   JavaThread* jt = new JavaThread();
 547   jt->_jni_attach_state = _attaching_via_jni;
 548   return jt;
 549 }
 550 
 551 // interrupt support
 552 
 553 void JavaThread::interrupt() {
 554   // All callers should have 'this' thread protected by a
 555   // ThreadsListHandle so that it cannot terminate and deallocate
 556   // itself.
 557   DEBUG_ONLY(check_for_dangling_thread_pointer(this);)
 558 
 559   // For Windows _interrupt_event
 560   WINDOWS_ONLY(osthread()->set_interrupted(true);)
 561 
 562   // For Thread.sleep
 563   _SleepEvent->unpark();
 564 
 565   // For JSR166 LockSupport.park
 566   parker()->unpark();
 567 
 568   // For ObjectMonitor and JvmtiRawMonitor
 569   _ParkEvent->unpark();
 570 }
 571 
 572 bool JavaThread::is_interrupted(bool clear_interrupted) {
 573   DEBUG_ONLY(check_for_dangling_thread_pointer(this);)
 574 
 575   if (_threadObj.peek() == nullptr) {
 576     // If there is no j.l.Thread then it is impossible to have
 577     // been interrupted. We can find null during VM initialization
 578     // or when a JNI thread is still in the process of attaching.
 579     // In such cases this must be the current thread.
 580     assert(this == Thread::current(), "invariant");
 581     return false;
 582   }
 583 
 584   bool interrupted = java_lang_Thread::interrupted(threadObj());
 585 
 586   // NOTE that since there is no "lock" around the interrupt and
 587   // is_interrupted operations, there is the possibility that the
 588   // interrupted flag will be "false" but that the
 589   // low-level events will be in the signaled state. This is
 590   // intentional. The effect of this is that Object.wait() and
 591   // LockSupport.park() will appear to have a spurious wakeup, which
 592   // is allowed and not harmful, and the possibility is so rare that
 593   // it is not worth the added complexity to add yet another lock.
 594   // For the sleep event an explicit reset is performed on entry
 595   // to JavaThread::sleep, so there is no early return. It has also been
 596   // recommended not to put the interrupted flag into the "event"
 597   // structure because it hides the issue.
 598   // Also, because there is no lock, we must only clear the interrupt
 599   // state if we are going to report that we were interrupted; otherwise
 600   // an interrupt that happens just after we read the field would be lost.
 601   if (interrupted && clear_interrupted) {
 602     assert(this == Thread::current(), "only the current thread can clear");
 603     java_lang_Thread::set_interrupted(threadObj(), false);
 604     WINDOWS_ONLY(osthread()->set_interrupted(false);)
 605   }
 606   return interrupted;
 607 }
 608 
 609 // This is only for use by JVMTI RawMonitorWait. It emulates the actions of
 610 // the Java code in Object::wait which are not present in RawMonitorWait.
 611 bool JavaThread::get_and_clear_interrupted() {
 612   if (!is_interrupted(false)) {
 613     return false;
 614   }
 615   oop thread_oop = vthread_or_thread();
 616   bool is_virtual = java_lang_VirtualThread::is_instance(thread_oop);
 617 
 618   if (!is_virtual) {
 619     return is_interrupted(true);
 620   }
 621   // Virtual thread: clear interrupt status for both virtual and
 622   // carrier threads under the interruptLock protection.
 623   JavaThread* current = JavaThread::current();
 624   HandleMark hm(current);
 625   Handle thread_h(current, thread_oop);
 626   ObjectLocker lock(Handle(current, java_lang_Thread::interrupt_lock(thread_h())), current);
 627 
 628   // re-check the interrupt status under the interruptLock protection
 629   bool interrupted = java_lang_Thread::interrupted(thread_h());
 630 
 631   if (interrupted) {
 632     assert(this == Thread::current(), "only the current thread can clear");
 633     java_lang_Thread::set_interrupted(thread_h(), false);  // clear for virtual
 634     java_lang_Thread::set_interrupted(threadObj(), false); // clear for carrier
 635     WINDOWS_ONLY(osthread()->set_interrupted(false);)
 636   }
 637   return interrupted;
 638 }
 639 
 640 void JavaThread::block_if_vm_exited() {
 641   if (_terminated == _vm_exited) {
 642     // _vm_exited is set at safepoint, and Threads_lock is never released
 643     // so we will block here forever.
 644     // Here we can be doing a jump from a safe state to an unsafe state without
 645     // proper transition, but it happens after the final safepoint has begun so
 646     // this jump won't cause any safepoint problems.
 647     set_thread_state(_thread_in_vm);
 648     Threads_lock->lock();
 649     ShouldNotReachHere();
 650   }
 651 }
 652 
 653 JavaThread::JavaThread(ThreadFunction entry_point, size_t stack_sz, MemTag mem_tag) : JavaThread(mem_tag) {
 654   set_entry_point(entry_point);
 655   // Create the native thread itself.
 656   // %note runtime_23
 657   os::ThreadType thr_type = os::java_thread;
 658   thr_type = entry_point == &CompilerThread::thread_entry ? os::compiler_thread :
 659                                                             os::java_thread;
 660   os::create_thread(this, thr_type, stack_sz);
 661   // The _osthread may be null here because we ran out of memory (too many threads active).
 662   // We need to throw and OutOfMemoryError - however we cannot do this here because the caller
 663   // may hold a lock and all locks must be unlocked before throwing the exception (throwing
 664   // the exception consists of creating the exception object & initializing it, initialization
 665   // will leave the VM via a JavaCall and then all locks must be unlocked).
 666   //
 667   // The thread is still suspended when we reach here. Thread must be explicit started
 668   // by creator! Furthermore, the thread must also explicitly be added to the Threads list
 669   // by calling Threads:add. The reason why this is not done here, is because the thread
 670   // object must be fully initialized (take a look at JVM_Start)
 671 }
 672 
 673 JavaThread::~JavaThread() {
 674 
 675   // Enqueue OopHandles for release by the service thread.
 676   add_oop_handles_for_release();
 677 
 678   // Return the sleep event to the free list
 679   ParkEvent::Release(_SleepEvent);
 680   _SleepEvent = nullptr;
 681 
 682   // Free any remaining  previous UnrollBlock
 683   vframeArray* old_array = vframe_array_last();
 684 
 685   if (old_array != nullptr) {
 686     Deoptimization::UnrollBlock* old_info = old_array->unroll_block();
 687     old_array->set_unroll_block(nullptr);
 688     delete old_info;
 689     delete old_array;
 690   }
 691 
 692   JvmtiDeferredUpdates* updates = deferred_updates();
 693   if (updates != nullptr) {
 694     // This can only happen if thread is destroyed before deoptimization occurs.
 695     assert(updates->count() > 0, "Updates holder not deleted");
 696     // free deferred updates.
 697     delete updates;
 698     set_deferred_updates(nullptr);
 699   }
 700 
 701   // All Java related clean up happens in exit
 702   ThreadSafepointState::destroy(this);
 703   if (_thread_stat != nullptr) delete _thread_stat;
 704 
 705 #if INCLUDE_JVMCI
 706   if (JVMCICounterSize > 0) {
 707     FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(jlong, _jvmci_counters);
 708   }
 709 #endif // INCLUDE_JVMCI
 710 }
 711 
 712 
 713 // First JavaThread specific code executed by a new Java thread.
 714 void JavaThread::pre_run() {
 715   // empty - see comments in run()
 716 }
 717 
 718 // The main routine called by a new Java thread. This isn't overridden
 719 // by subclasses, instead different subclasses define a different "entry_point"
 720 // which defines the actual logic for that kind of thread.
 721 void JavaThread::run() {
 722   // initialize thread-local alloc buffer related fields
 723   initialize_tlab();
 724 
 725   _stack_overflow_state.create_stack_guard_pages();
 726 
 727   cache_global_variables();
 728 
 729   // Thread is now sufficiently initialized to be handled by the safepoint code as being
 730   // in the VM. Change thread state from _thread_new to _thread_in_vm
 731   assert(this->thread_state() == _thread_new, "wrong thread state");
 732   set_thread_state(_thread_in_vm);
 733 
 734   // Before a thread is on the threads list it is always safe, so after leaving the
 735   // _thread_new we should emit a instruction barrier. The distance to modified code
 736   // from here is probably far enough, but this is consistent and safe.
 737   OrderAccess::cross_modify_fence();
 738 
 739   assert(JavaThread::current() == this, "sanity check");
 740   assert(!Thread::current()->owns_locks(), "sanity check");
 741 
 742   JFR_ONLY(Jfr::on_thread_start(this);)
 743 
 744   DTRACE_THREAD_PROBE(start, this);
 745 
 746   // This operation might block. We call that after all safepoint checks for a new thread has
 747   // been completed.
 748   set_active_handles(JNIHandleBlock::allocate_block());
 749 
 750   if (JvmtiExport::should_post_thread_life()) {
 751     JvmtiExport::post_thread_start(this);
 752 
 753   }
 754 
 755   if (AlwaysPreTouchStacks) {
 756     pretouch_stack();
 757   }
 758 
 759   // We call another function to do the rest so we are sure that the stack addresses used
 760   // from there will be lower than the stack base just computed.
 761   thread_main_inner();
 762 }
 763 
 764 void JavaThread::thread_main_inner() {
 765   assert(JavaThread::current() == this, "sanity check");
 766   assert(_threadObj.peek() != nullptr || is_aot_thread(), "just checking");
 767 
 768   // Execute thread entry point unless this thread has a pending exception.
 769   // Note: Due to JVMTI StopThread we can have pending exceptions already!
 770   if (!this->has_pending_exception()) {
 771     {
 772       ResourceMark rm(this);
 773       this->set_native_thread_name(this->name());
 774     }
 775     HandleMark hm(this);
 776     this->entry_point()(this, this);
 777   }
 778 
 779   DTRACE_THREAD_PROBE(stop, this);
 780 
 781   // Cleanup is handled in post_run()
 782 }
 783 
 784 // Shared teardown for all JavaThreads
 785 void JavaThread::post_run() {
 786   this->exit(false);
 787   this->unregister_thread_stack_with_NMT();
 788   // Defer deletion to here to ensure 'this' is still referenceable in call_run
 789   // for any shared tear-down.
 790   this->smr_delete();
 791 }
 792 
 793 static void ensure_join(JavaThread* thread) {
 794   // We do not need to grab the Threads_lock, since we are operating on ourself.
 795   Handle threadObj(thread, thread->threadObj());
 796   assert(threadObj.not_null(), "java thread object must exist");
 797   ObjectLocker lock(threadObj, thread);
 798   // Thread is exiting. So set thread_status field in  java.lang.Thread class to TERMINATED.
 799   java_lang_Thread::set_thread_status(threadObj(), JavaThreadStatus::TERMINATED);
 800   // Clear the native thread instance - this makes isAlive return false and allows the join()
 801   // to complete once we've done the notify_all below. Needs a release() to obey Java Memory Model
 802   // requirements.
 803   assert(java_lang_Thread::thread(threadObj()) == thread, "must be alive");
 804   java_lang_Thread::release_set_thread(threadObj(), nullptr);
 805   lock.notify_all(thread);
 806   // Ignore pending exception, since we are exiting anyway
 807   thread->clear_pending_exception();
 808 }
 809 
 810 static bool is_daemon(oop threadObj) {
 811   return (threadObj != nullptr && java_lang_Thread::is_daemon(threadObj));
 812 }
 813 
 814 // For any new cleanup additions, please check to see if they need to be applied to
 815 // cleanup_failed_attach_current_thread as well.
 816 void JavaThread::exit(bool destroy_vm, ExitType exit_type) {
 817   assert(this == JavaThread::current(), "thread consistency check");
 818   assert(!is_exiting(), "should not be exiting or terminated already");
 819 
 820   elapsedTimer _timer_exit_phase1;
 821   elapsedTimer _timer_exit_phase2;
 822   elapsedTimer _timer_exit_phase3;
 823   elapsedTimer _timer_exit_phase4;
 824 
 825   om_clear_monitor_cache();
 826 
 827   if (log_is_enabled(Debug, os, thread, timer)) {
 828     _timer_exit_phase1.start();
 829   }
 830 
 831   HandleMark hm(this);
 832   Handle uncaught_exception(this, this->pending_exception());
 833   this->clear_pending_exception();
 834   Handle threadObj(this, this->threadObj());
 835   assert(threadObj.not_null(), "Java thread object should be created");
 836 
 837   if (!destroy_vm) {
 838     if (uncaught_exception.not_null()) {
 839       EXCEPTION_MARK;
 840       // Call method Thread.dispatchUncaughtException().
 841       Klass* thread_klass = vmClasses::Thread_klass();
 842       JavaValue result(T_VOID);
 843       JavaCalls::call_virtual(&result,
 844                               threadObj, thread_klass,
 845                               vmSymbols::dispatchUncaughtException_name(),
 846                               vmSymbols::throwable_void_signature(),
 847                               uncaught_exception,
 848                               THREAD);
 849       if (HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION) {
 850         ResourceMark rm(this);
 851         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
 852                     "\nException: %s thrown from the UncaughtExceptionHandler"
 853                     " in thread \"%s\"\n",
 854                     pending_exception()->klass()->external_name(),
 855                     name());
 856         CLEAR_PENDING_EXCEPTION;
 857       }
 858     }
 859 
 860     if (!is_Compiler_thread()) {
 861       // We have finished executing user-defined Java code and now have to do the
 862       // implementation specific clean-up by calling Thread.exit(). We prevent any
 863       // asynchronous exceptions from being delivered while in Thread.exit()
 864       // to ensure the clean-up is not corrupted.
 865       NoAsyncExceptionDeliveryMark _no_async(this);
 866 
 867       EXCEPTION_MARK;
 868       JavaValue result(T_VOID);
 869       Klass* thread_klass = vmClasses::Thread_klass();
 870       JavaCalls::call_virtual(&result,
 871                               threadObj, thread_klass,
 872                               vmSymbols::exit_method_name(),
 873                               vmSymbols::void_method_signature(),
 874                               THREAD);
 875       CLEAR_PENDING_EXCEPTION;
 876     }
 877 
 878     // notify JVMTI
 879     if (JvmtiExport::should_post_thread_life()) {
 880       JvmtiExport::post_thread_end(this);
 881     }
 882   } else {
 883     // before_exit() has already posted JVMTI THREAD_END events
 884   }
 885 
 886   // Cleanup any pending async exception now since we cannot access oops after
 887   // BarrierSet::barrier_set()->on_thread_detach() has been executed.
 888   if (has_async_exception_condition()) {
 889     handshake_state()->clean_async_exception_operation();
 890   }
 891 
 892   // The careful dance between thread suspension and exit is handled here.
 893   // Since we are in thread_in_vm state and suspension is done with handshakes,
 894   // we can just put in the exiting state and it will be correctly handled.
 895   // Also, no more async exceptions will be added to the queue after this point.
 896   set_terminated(_thread_exiting);
 897   ThreadService::current_thread_exiting(this, is_daemon(threadObj()));
 898 
 899   if (log_is_enabled(Debug, os, thread, timer)) {
 900     _timer_exit_phase1.stop();
 901     _timer_exit_phase2.start();
 902   }
 903 
 904   // Capture daemon status before the thread is marked as terminated.
 905   bool daemon = is_daemon(threadObj());
 906 
 907   // Notify waiters on thread object. This has to be done after exit() is called
 908   // on the thread (if the thread is the last thread in a daemon ThreadGroup the
 909   // group should have the destroyed bit set before waiters are notified).
 910   ensure_join(this);
 911   assert(!this->has_pending_exception(), "ensure_join should have cleared");
 912 
 913   if (log_is_enabled(Debug, os, thread, timer)) {
 914     _timer_exit_phase2.stop();
 915     _timer_exit_phase3.start();
 916   }
 917   // 6282335 JNI DetachCurrentThread spec states that all Java monitors
 918   // held by this thread must be released. The spec does not distinguish
 919   // between JNI-acquired and regular Java monitors. We can only see
 920   // regular Java monitors here if monitor enter-exit matching is broken.
 921   //
 922   // ensure_join() ignores IllegalThreadStateExceptions, and so does
 923   // ObjectSynchronizer::release_monitors_owned_by_thread().
 924   if (exit_type == jni_detach) {
 925     // Sanity check even though JNI DetachCurrentThread() would have
 926     // returned JNI_ERR if there was a Java frame. JavaThread exit
 927     // should be done executing Java code by the time we get here.
 928     assert(!this->has_last_Java_frame(),
 929            "should not have a Java frame when detaching or exiting");
 930     ObjectSynchronizer::release_monitors_owned_by_thread(this);
 931     assert(!this->has_pending_exception(), "release_monitors should have cleared");
 932   }
 933 
 934   // These things needs to be done while we are still a Java Thread. Make sure that thread
 935   // is in a consistent state, in case GC happens
 936   JFR_ONLY(Jfr::on_thread_exit(this);)
 937 
 938   if (active_handles() != nullptr) {
 939     JNIHandleBlock* block = active_handles();
 940     set_active_handles(nullptr);
 941     JNIHandleBlock::release_block(block);
 942   }
 943 
 944   if (free_handle_block() != nullptr) {
 945     JNIHandleBlock* block = free_handle_block();
 946     set_free_handle_block(nullptr);
 947     JNIHandleBlock::release_block(block);
 948   }
 949 
 950   // These have to be removed while this is still a valid thread.
 951   _stack_overflow_state.remove_stack_guard_pages();
 952 
 953   if (UseTLAB) {
 954     retire_tlab();
 955   }
 956 
 957   if (JvmtiEnv::environments_might_exist()) {
 958     JvmtiExport::cleanup_thread(this);
 959   }
 960 
 961   // We need to cache the thread name for logging purposes below as once
 962   // we have called on_thread_detach this thread must not access any oops.
 963   char* thread_name = nullptr;
 964   if (log_is_enabled(Debug, os, thread, timer)) {
 965     ResourceMark rm(this);
 966     thread_name = os::strdup(name());
 967   }
 968 
 969   if (log_is_enabled(Info, os, thread)) {
 970     ResourceMark rm(this);
 971     log_info(os, thread)("JavaThread %s (name: \"%s\", tid: %zu).",
 972                          exit_type == JavaThread::normal_exit ? "exiting" : "detaching",
 973                          name(), os::current_thread_id());
 974   }
 975 
 976   if (log_is_enabled(Debug, os, thread, timer)) {
 977     _timer_exit_phase3.stop();
 978     _timer_exit_phase4.start();
 979   }
 980 
 981 #if INCLUDE_JVMCI
 982   if (JVMCICounterSize > 0) {
 983     if (jvmci_counters_include(this)) {
 984       for (int i = 0; i < JVMCICounterSize; i++) {
 985         _jvmci_old_thread_counters[i] += _jvmci_counters[i];
 986       }
 987     }
 988   }
 989 #endif // INCLUDE_JVMCI
 990 
 991   // Remove from list of active threads list, and notify VM thread if we are the last non-daemon thread.
 992   // We call BarrierSet::barrier_set()->on_thread_detach() here so no touching of oops after this point.
 993   Threads::remove(this, daemon);
 994 
 995   if (log_is_enabled(Debug, os, thread, timer)) {
 996     _timer_exit_phase4.stop();
 997     log_debug(os, thread, timer)("name='%s'"
 998                                  ", exit-phase1=" JLONG_FORMAT
 999                                  ", exit-phase2=" JLONG_FORMAT
1000                                  ", exit-phase3=" JLONG_FORMAT
1001                                  ", exit-phase4=" JLONG_FORMAT,
1002                                  thread_name,
1003                                  _timer_exit_phase1.milliseconds(),
1004                                  _timer_exit_phase2.milliseconds(),
1005                                  _timer_exit_phase3.milliseconds(),
1006                                  _timer_exit_phase4.milliseconds());
1007     os::free(thread_name);
1008   }
1009 }
1010 
1011 void JavaThread::cleanup_failed_attach_current_thread(bool is_daemon) {
1012   if (active_handles() != nullptr) {
1013     JNIHandleBlock* block = active_handles();
1014     set_active_handles(nullptr);
1015     JNIHandleBlock::release_block(block);
1016   }
1017 
1018   if (free_handle_block() != nullptr) {
1019     JNIHandleBlock* block = free_handle_block();
1020     set_free_handle_block(nullptr);
1021     JNIHandleBlock::release_block(block);
1022   }
1023 
1024   // These have to be removed while this is still a valid thread.
1025   _stack_overflow_state.remove_stack_guard_pages();
1026 
1027   if (UseTLAB) {
1028     retire_tlab();
1029   }
1030 
1031   Threads::remove(this, is_daemon);
1032 }
1033 
1034 JavaThread* JavaThread::active() {
1035   Thread* thread = Thread::current();
1036   if (thread->is_Java_thread()) {
1037     return JavaThread::cast(thread);
1038   } else {
1039     assert(thread->is_VM_thread(), "this must be a vm thread");
1040     VM_Operation* op = ((VMThread*) thread)->vm_operation();
1041     JavaThread *ret = op == nullptr ? nullptr : JavaThread::cast(op->calling_thread());
1042     return ret;
1043   }
1044 }
1045 
1046 oop JavaThread::exception_oop() const {
1047   return AtomicAccess::load(&_exception_oop);
1048 }
1049 
1050 void JavaThread::set_exception_oop(oop o) {
1051   AtomicAccess::store(&_exception_oop, o);
1052 }
1053 
1054 void JavaThread::handle_special_runtime_exit_condition() {
1055   if (is_obj_deopt_suspend()) {
1056     frame_anchor()->make_walkable();
1057     wait_for_object_deoptimization();
1058   }
1059 }
1060 
1061 
1062 // Asynchronous exceptions support
1063 //
1064 void JavaThread::handle_async_exception(oop java_throwable) {
1065   assert(java_throwable != nullptr, "should have an _async_exception to throw");
1066   assert(!is_at_poll_safepoint(), "should have never called this method");
1067 
1068   if (has_last_Java_frame()) {
1069     frame f = last_frame();
1070     if (f.is_runtime_frame()) {
1071       // If the topmost frame is a runtime stub, then we are calling into
1072       // OptoRuntime from compiled code. Some runtime stubs (new, monitor_exit..)
1073       // must deoptimize the caller before continuing, as the compiled exception
1074       // handler table may not be valid.
1075       RegisterMap reg_map(this,
1076                           RegisterMap::UpdateMap::skip,
1077                           RegisterMap::ProcessFrames::include,
1078                           RegisterMap::WalkContinuation::skip);
1079       frame compiled_frame = f.sender(&reg_map);
1080       if (!StressCompiledExceptionHandlers && compiled_frame.can_be_deoptimized()) {
1081         Deoptimization::deoptimize(this, compiled_frame);
1082       }
1083     }
1084   }
1085 
1086   // We cannot call Exceptions::_throw(...) here because we cannot block
1087   set_pending_exception(java_throwable, __FILE__, __LINE__);
1088 
1089   clear_scopedValueBindings();
1090 
1091   LogTarget(Info, exceptions) lt;
1092   if (lt.is_enabled()) {
1093     ResourceMark rm;
1094     LogStream ls(lt);
1095     ls.print("Async. exception installed at runtime exit (" INTPTR_FORMAT ")", p2i(this));
1096     if (has_last_Java_frame()) {
1097       frame f = last_frame();
1098       ls.print(" (pc: " INTPTR_FORMAT " sp: " INTPTR_FORMAT " )", p2i(f.pc()), p2i(f.sp()));
1099     }
1100     ls.print_cr(" of type: %s", java_throwable->klass()->external_name());
1101   }
1102 }
1103 
1104 void JavaThread::install_async_exception(AsyncExceptionHandshakeClosure* aehc) {
1105   // Do not throw asynchronous exceptions against the compiler thread
1106   // or if the thread is already exiting.
1107   if (!can_call_java() || is_exiting()) {
1108     delete aehc;
1109     return;
1110   }
1111 
1112   oop exception = aehc->exception();
1113   Handshake::execute(aehc, this);  // Install asynchronous handshake
1114 
1115   ResourceMark rm;
1116   if (log_is_enabled(Info, exceptions)) {
1117     log_info(exceptions)("Pending Async. exception installed of type: %s",
1118                          exception->klass()->external_name());
1119   }
1120   // for AbortVMOnException flag
1121   Exceptions::debug_check_abort(exception->klass()->external_name());
1122 
1123   oop vt_oop = vthread();
1124   if (vt_oop == nullptr || !vt_oop->is_a(vmClasses::BaseVirtualThread_klass())) {
1125     // Interrupt thread so it will wake up from a potential wait()/sleep()/park()
1126     this->interrupt();
1127   }
1128 }
1129 
1130 class InstallAsyncExceptionHandshakeClosure : public HandshakeClosure {
1131   AsyncExceptionHandshakeClosure* _aehc;
1132 public:
1133   InstallAsyncExceptionHandshakeClosure(AsyncExceptionHandshakeClosure* aehc) :
1134     HandshakeClosure("InstallAsyncException"), _aehc(aehc) {}
1135   ~InstallAsyncExceptionHandshakeClosure() {
1136     // If InstallAsyncExceptionHandshakeClosure was never executed we need to clean up _aehc.
1137     delete _aehc;
1138   }
1139   void do_thread(Thread* thr) {
1140     JavaThread* target = JavaThread::cast(thr);
1141     target->install_async_exception(_aehc);
1142     _aehc = nullptr;
1143   }
1144 };
1145 
1146 void JavaThread::send_async_exception(JavaThread* target, oop java_throwable) {
1147   OopHandle e(Universe::vm_global(), java_throwable);
1148   InstallAsyncExceptionHandshakeClosure iaeh(new AsyncExceptionHandshakeClosure(e));
1149   Handshake::execute(&iaeh, target);
1150 }
1151 
1152 #if INCLUDE_JVMTI
1153 void JavaThread::set_is_in_VTMS_transition(bool val) {
1154   assert(is_in_VTMS_transition() != val, "already %s transition", val ? "inside" : "outside");
1155   _is_in_VTMS_transition = val;
1156 }
1157 
1158 #ifdef ASSERT
1159 void JavaThread::set_is_VTMS_transition_disabler(bool val) {
1160   _is_VTMS_transition_disabler = val;
1161 }
1162 #endif
1163 #endif
1164 
1165 // External suspension mechanism.
1166 //
1167 // Guarantees on return (for a valid target thread):
1168 //   - Target thread will not execute any new bytecode.
1169 //   - Target thread will not enter any new monitors.
1170 //
1171 bool JavaThread::java_suspend(bool register_vthread_SR) {
1172 #if INCLUDE_JVMTI
1173   // Suspending a JavaThread in VTMS transition or disabling VTMS transitions can cause deadlocks.
1174   assert(!is_in_VTMS_transition(), "no suspend allowed in VTMS transition");
1175   assert(!is_VTMS_transition_disabler(), "no suspend allowed for VTMS transition disablers");
1176 #endif
1177 
1178   guarantee(Thread::is_JavaThread_protected(/* target */ this),
1179             "target JavaThread is not protected in calling context.");
1180   return this->suspend_resume_manager()->suspend(register_vthread_SR);
1181 }
1182 
1183 bool JavaThread::java_resume(bool register_vthread_SR) {
1184   guarantee(Thread::is_JavaThread_protected_by_TLH(/* target */ this),
1185             "missing ThreadsListHandle in calling context.");
1186   return this->suspend_resume_manager()->resume(register_vthread_SR);
1187 }
1188 
1189 // Wait for another thread to perform object reallocation and relocking on behalf of
1190 // this thread. The current thread is required to change to _thread_blocked in order
1191 // to be seen to be safepoint/handshake safe whilst suspended and only after becoming
1192 // handshake safe, the other thread can complete the handshake used to synchronize
1193 // with this thread and then perform the reallocation and relocking.
1194 // See EscapeBarrier::sync_and_suspend_*()
1195 
1196 void JavaThread::wait_for_object_deoptimization() {
1197   assert(!has_last_Java_frame() || frame_anchor()->walkable(), "should have walkable stack");
1198   assert(this == Thread::current(), "invariant");
1199 
1200   bool spin_wait = os::is_MP();
1201   do {
1202     ThreadBlockInVM tbivm(this, true /* allow_suspend */);
1203     // Wait for object deoptimization if requested.
1204     if (spin_wait) {
1205       // A single deoptimization is typically very short. Microbenchmarks
1206       // showed 5% better performance when spinning.
1207       const uint spin_limit = 10 * SpinYield::default_spin_limit;
1208       SpinYield spin(spin_limit);
1209       for (uint i = 0; is_obj_deopt_suspend() && i < spin_limit; i++) {
1210         spin.wait();
1211       }
1212       // Spin just once
1213       spin_wait = false;
1214     } else {
1215       MonitorLocker ml(this, EscapeBarrier_lock, Monitor::_no_safepoint_check_flag);
1216       if (is_obj_deopt_suspend()) {
1217         ml.wait();
1218       }
1219     }
1220     // A handshake for obj. deoptimization suspend could have been processed so
1221     // we must check after processing.
1222   } while (is_obj_deopt_suspend());
1223 }
1224 
1225 #ifdef ASSERT
1226 // Verify the JavaThread has not yet been published in the Threads::list, and
1227 // hence doesn't need protection from concurrent access at this stage.
1228 void JavaThread::verify_not_published() {
1229   // Cannot create a ThreadsListHandle here and check !tlh.includes(this)
1230   // since an unpublished JavaThread doesn't participate in the
1231   // Thread-SMR protocol for keeping a ThreadsList alive.
1232   assert(!on_thread_list(), "JavaThread shouldn't have been published yet!");
1233 }
1234 #endif
1235 
1236 // Slow path when the native==>Java barriers detect a safepoint/handshake is
1237 // pending, when _suspend_flags is non-zero or when we need to process a stack
1238 // watermark. Also check for pending async exceptions (except unsafe access error).
1239 // Note only the native==>Java barriers can call this function when thread state
1240 // is _thread_in_native_trans.
1241 void JavaThread::check_special_condition_for_native_trans(JavaThread *thread) {
1242   assert(thread->thread_state() == _thread_in_native_trans, "wrong state");
1243   assert(!thread->has_last_Java_frame() || thread->frame_anchor()->walkable(), "Unwalkable stack in native->Java transition");
1244 
1245   thread->set_thread_state(_thread_in_vm);
1246 
1247   // Enable WXWrite: called directly from interpreter native wrapper.
1248   MACOS_AARCH64_ONLY(ThreadWXEnable wx(WXWrite, thread));
1249 
1250   SafepointMechanism::process_if_requested_with_exit_check(thread, true /* check asyncs */);
1251 
1252   // After returning from native, it could be that the stack frames are not
1253   // yet safe to use. We catch such situations in the subsequent stack watermark
1254   // barrier, which will trap unsafe stack frames.
1255   StackWatermarkSet::before_unwind(thread);
1256 }
1257 
1258 #ifndef PRODUCT
1259 // Deoptimization
1260 // Function for testing deoptimization
1261 void JavaThread::deoptimize() {
1262   StackFrameStream fst(this, false /* update */, true /* process_frames */);
1263   bool deopt = false;           // Dump stack only if a deopt actually happens.
1264   bool only_at = strlen(DeoptimizeOnlyAt) > 0;
1265   // Iterate over all frames in the thread and deoptimize
1266   for (; !fst.is_done(); fst.next()) {
1267     if (fst.current()->can_be_deoptimized()) {
1268 
1269       if (only_at) {
1270         // Deoptimize only at particular bcis.  DeoptimizeOnlyAt
1271         // consists of comma or carriage return separated numbers so
1272         // search for the current bci in that string.
1273         address    pc = fst.current()->pc();
1274         nmethod*   nm = fst.current()->cb()->as_nmethod();
1275         ScopeDesc* sd = nm->scope_desc_at(pc);
1276         char buffer[8];
1277         jio_snprintf(buffer, sizeof(buffer), "%d", sd->bci());
1278         size_t len = strlen(buffer);
1279         const char * found = strstr(DeoptimizeOnlyAt, buffer);
1280         while (found != nullptr) {
1281           if ((found[len] == ',' || found[len] == '\n' || found[len] == '\0') &&
1282               (found == DeoptimizeOnlyAt || found[-1] == ',' || found[-1] == '\n')) {
1283             // Check that the bci found is bracketed by terminators.
1284             break;
1285           }
1286           found = strstr(found + 1, buffer);
1287         }
1288         if (!found) {
1289           continue;
1290         }
1291       }
1292 
1293       if (DebugDeoptimization && !deopt) {
1294         deopt = true; // One-time only print before deopt
1295         tty->print_cr("[BEFORE Deoptimization]");
1296         trace_frames();
1297         trace_stack();
1298       }
1299       Deoptimization::deoptimize(this, *fst.current());
1300     }
1301   }
1302 
1303   if (DebugDeoptimization && deopt) {
1304     tty->print_cr("[AFTER Deoptimization]");
1305     trace_frames();
1306   }
1307 }
1308 
1309 
1310 // Make zombies
1311 void JavaThread::make_zombies() {
1312   for (StackFrameStream fst(this, true /* update */, true /* process_frames */); !fst.is_done(); fst.next()) {
1313     if (fst.current()->can_be_deoptimized()) {
1314       // it is a Java nmethod
1315       nmethod* nm = CodeCache::find_nmethod(fst.current()->pc());
1316       assert(nm != nullptr, "did not find nmethod");
1317       nm->make_not_entrant(nmethod::InvalidationReason::ZOMBIE);
1318     }
1319   }
1320 }
1321 #endif // PRODUCT
1322 
1323 
1324 void JavaThread::deoptimize_marked_methods() {
1325   if (!has_last_Java_frame()) return;
1326   StackFrameStream fst(this, false /* update */, true /* process_frames */);
1327   for (; !fst.is_done(); fst.next()) {
1328     if (fst.current()->should_be_deoptimized()) {
1329       Deoptimization::deoptimize(this, *fst.current());
1330     }
1331   }
1332 }
1333 
1334 #ifdef ASSERT
1335 void JavaThread::verify_frame_info() {
1336   assert((!has_last_Java_frame() && java_call_counter() == 0) ||
1337          (has_last_Java_frame() && java_call_counter() > 0),
1338          "unexpected frame info: has_last_frame=%s, java_call_counter=%d",
1339          has_last_Java_frame() ? "true" : "false", java_call_counter());
1340 }
1341 #endif
1342 
1343 // Push on a new block of JNI handles.
1344 void JavaThread::push_jni_handle_block() {
1345   // Allocate a new block for JNI handles.
1346   // Inlined code from jni_PushLocalFrame()
1347   JNIHandleBlock* old_handles = active_handles();
1348   JNIHandleBlock* new_handles = JNIHandleBlock::allocate_block(this);
1349   assert(old_handles != nullptr && new_handles != nullptr, "should not be null");
1350   new_handles->set_pop_frame_link(old_handles);  // make sure java handles get gc'd.
1351   set_active_handles(new_handles);
1352 }
1353 
1354 // Pop off the current block of JNI handles.
1355 void JavaThread::pop_jni_handle_block() {
1356   // Release our JNI handle block
1357   JNIHandleBlock* old_handles = active_handles();
1358   JNIHandleBlock* new_handles = old_handles->pop_frame_link();
1359   assert(new_handles != nullptr, "should never set active handles to null");
1360   set_active_handles(new_handles);
1361   old_handles->set_pop_frame_link(nullptr);
1362   JNIHandleBlock::release_block(old_handles, this);
1363 }
1364 
1365 void JavaThread::oops_do_no_frames(OopClosure* f, NMethodClosure* cf) {
1366   // Traverse the GCHandles
1367   Thread::oops_do_no_frames(f, cf);
1368 
1369   if (active_handles() != nullptr) {
1370     active_handles()->oops_do(f);
1371   }
1372 
1373   DEBUG_ONLY(verify_frame_info();)
1374 
1375   assert(vframe_array_head() == nullptr, "deopt in progress at a safepoint!");
1376   // If we have deferred set_locals there might be oops waiting to be
1377   // written
1378   GrowableArray<jvmtiDeferredLocalVariableSet*>* list = JvmtiDeferredUpdates::deferred_locals(this);
1379   if (list != nullptr) {
1380     for (int i = 0; i < list->length(); i++) {
1381       list->at(i)->oops_do(f);
1382     }
1383   }
1384 
1385   // Traverse instance variables at the end since the GC may be moving things
1386   // around using this function
1387   f->do_oop((oop*) &_vm_result_oop);
1388   f->do_oop((oop*) &_exception_oop);
1389 #if INCLUDE_JVMCI
1390   f->do_oop((oop*) &_jvmci_reserved_oop0);
1391 
1392   if (_live_nmethod != nullptr && cf != nullptr) {
1393     cf->do_nmethod(_live_nmethod);
1394   }
1395 #endif
1396 
1397   if (jvmti_thread_state() != nullptr) {
1398     jvmti_thread_state()->oops_do(f, cf);
1399   }
1400 
1401   // The continuation oops are really on the stack. But there is typically at most
1402   // one of those per thread, so we handle them here in the oops_do_no_frames part
1403   // so that we don't have to sprinkle as many stack watermark checks where these
1404   // oops are used. We just need to make sure the thread has started processing.
1405   ContinuationEntry* entry = _cont_entry;
1406   while (entry != nullptr) {
1407     f->do_oop((oop*)entry->cont_addr());
1408     f->do_oop((oop*)entry->chunk_addr());
1409     entry = entry->parent();
1410   }
1411 
1412   // Due to fast locking
1413   lock_stack().oops_do(f);
1414 }
1415 
1416 void JavaThread::oops_do_frames(OopClosure* f, NMethodClosure* cf) {
1417   if (!has_last_Java_frame()) {
1418     return;
1419   }
1420   // Finish any pending lazy GC activity for the frames
1421   StackWatermarkSet::finish_processing(this, nullptr /* context */, StackWatermarkKind::gc);
1422   // Traverse the execution stack
1423   for (StackFrameStream fst(this, true /* update */, false /* process_frames */); !fst.is_done(); fst.next()) {
1424     fst.current()->oops_do(f, cf, fst.register_map());
1425   }
1426 }
1427 
1428 #ifdef ASSERT
1429 void JavaThread::verify_states_for_handshake() {
1430   // This checks that the thread has a correct frame state during a handshake.
1431   verify_frame_info();
1432 }
1433 #endif
1434 
1435 void JavaThread::nmethods_do(NMethodClosure* cf) {
1436   DEBUG_ONLY(verify_frame_info();)
1437   MACOS_AARCH64_ONLY(ThreadWXEnable wx(WXWrite, Thread::current());)
1438 
1439   if (has_last_Java_frame()) {
1440     // Traverse the execution stack
1441     for (StackFrameStream fst(this, true /* update */, true /* process_frames */); !fst.is_done(); fst.next()) {
1442       fst.current()->nmethod_do(cf);
1443     }
1444   }
1445 
1446   if (jvmti_thread_state() != nullptr) {
1447     jvmti_thread_state()->nmethods_do(cf);
1448   }
1449 
1450 #if INCLUDE_JVMCI
1451   if (_live_nmethod != nullptr) {
1452     cf->do_nmethod(_live_nmethod);
1453   }
1454 #endif
1455 }
1456 
1457 void JavaThread::metadata_do(MetadataClosure* f) {
1458   if (has_last_Java_frame()) {
1459     // Traverse the execution stack to call f() on the methods in the stack
1460     for (StackFrameStream fst(this, true /* update */, true /* process_frames */); !fst.is_done(); fst.next()) {
1461       fst.current()->metadata_do(f);
1462     }
1463   } else if (is_Compiler_thread()) {
1464     // need to walk ciMetadata in current compile tasks to keep alive.
1465     CompilerThread* ct = (CompilerThread*)this;
1466     if (ct->env() != nullptr) {
1467       ct->env()->metadata_do(f);
1468     }
1469     CompileTask* task = ct->task();
1470     if (task != nullptr) {
1471       task->metadata_do(f);
1472     }
1473   }
1474 }
1475 
1476 // Printing
1477 static const char* _get_thread_state_name(JavaThreadState _thread_state) {
1478   switch (_thread_state) {
1479   case _thread_uninitialized:     return "_thread_uninitialized";
1480   case _thread_new:               return "_thread_new";
1481   case _thread_new_trans:         return "_thread_new_trans";
1482   case _thread_in_native:         return "_thread_in_native";
1483   case _thread_in_native_trans:   return "_thread_in_native_trans";
1484   case _thread_in_vm:             return "_thread_in_vm";
1485   case _thread_in_vm_trans:       return "_thread_in_vm_trans";
1486   case _thread_in_Java:           return "_thread_in_Java";
1487   case _thread_in_Java_trans:     return "_thread_in_Java_trans";
1488   case _thread_blocked:           return "_thread_blocked";
1489   case _thread_blocked_trans:     return "_thread_blocked_trans";
1490   default:                        return "unknown thread state";
1491   }
1492 }
1493 
1494 void JavaThread::print_thread_state_on(outputStream *st) const {
1495   st->print_cr("   JavaThread state: %s", _get_thread_state_name(_thread_state));
1496 }
1497 
1498 // Called by Threads::print() for VM_PrintThreads operation
1499 void JavaThread::print_on(outputStream *st, bool print_extended_info) const {
1500   st->print_raw("\"");
1501   st->print_raw(name());
1502   st->print_raw("\" ");
1503   oop thread_oop = threadObj();
1504   if (thread_oop != nullptr) {
1505     st->print("#" INT64_FORMAT " [%ld] ", (int64_t)java_lang_Thread::thread_id(thread_oop), (long) osthread()->thread_id());
1506     if (java_lang_Thread::is_daemon(thread_oop))  st->print("daemon ");
1507     st->print("prio=%d ", java_lang_Thread::priority(thread_oop));
1508   }
1509   Thread::print_on(st, print_extended_info);
1510   // print guess for valid stack memory region (assume 4K pages); helps lock debugging
1511   st->print_cr("[" INTPTR_FORMAT "]", (intptr_t)last_Java_sp() & ~right_n_bits(12));
1512   if (thread_oop != nullptr) {
1513     if (is_vthread_mounted()) {
1514       st->print_cr("   Carrying virtual thread #" INT64_FORMAT, java_lang_Thread::thread_id(vthread()));
1515     } else {
1516       st->print_cr("   java.lang.Thread.State: %s", java_lang_Thread::thread_status_name(thread_oop));
1517     }
1518   }
1519 #ifndef PRODUCT
1520   _safepoint_state->print_on(st);
1521 #endif // PRODUCT
1522   if (is_Compiler_thread()) {
1523     CompileTask *task = ((CompilerThread*)this)->task();
1524     if (task != nullptr) {
1525       st->print("   Compiling: ");
1526       task->print(st, nullptr, true, false);
1527     } else {
1528       st->print("   No compile task");
1529     }
1530     st->cr();
1531   }
1532 }
1533 
1534 void JavaThread::print() const { print_on(tty); }
1535 
1536 void JavaThread::print_name_on_error(outputStream* st, char *buf, int buflen) const {
1537   st->print("%s", get_thread_name_string(buf, buflen));
1538 }
1539 
1540 // Called by fatal error handler. The difference between this and
1541 // JavaThread::print() is that we can't grab lock or allocate memory.
1542 void JavaThread::print_on_error(outputStream* st, char *buf, int buflen) const {
1543   st->print("%s \"%s\"", type_name(), get_thread_name_string(buf, buflen));
1544   Thread* current = Thread::current_or_null_safe();
1545   assert(current != nullptr, "cannot be called by a detached thread");
1546   st->fill_to(60);
1547   if (!current->is_Java_thread() || JavaThread::cast(current)->is_oop_safe()) {
1548     // Only access threadObj() if current thread is not a JavaThread
1549     // or if it is a JavaThread that can safely access oops.
1550     oop thread_obj = threadObj();
1551     if (thread_obj != nullptr) {
1552       st->print(java_lang_Thread::is_daemon(thread_obj) ? " daemon" : "       ");
1553     }
1554   }
1555   st->print(" [");
1556   st->print("%s", _get_thread_state_name(_thread_state));
1557   if (osthread()) {
1558     st->print(", id=%d", osthread()->thread_id());
1559   }
1560   // Use raw field members for stack base/size as this could be
1561   // called before a thread has run enough to initialize them.
1562   st->print(", stack(" PTR_FORMAT "," PTR_FORMAT ") (" PROPERFMT ")",
1563             p2i(_stack_base - _stack_size), p2i(_stack_base),
1564             PROPERFMTARGS(_stack_size));
1565   st->print("]");
1566 
1567   ThreadsSMRSupport::print_info_on(this, st);
1568   return;
1569 }
1570 
1571 
1572 // Verification
1573 
1574 void JavaThread::frames_do(void f(frame*, const RegisterMap* map)) {
1575   // ignore if there is no stack
1576   if (!has_last_Java_frame()) return;
1577   // traverse the stack frames. Starts from top frame.
1578   for (StackFrameStream fst(this, true /* update_map */, true /* process_frames */, false /* walk_cont */); !fst.is_done(); fst.next()) {
1579     frame* fr = fst.current();
1580     f(fr, fst.register_map());
1581   }
1582 }
1583 
1584 static void frame_verify(frame* f, const RegisterMap *map) { f->verify(map); }
1585 
1586 void JavaThread::verify() {
1587   // Verify oops in the thread.
1588   oops_do(&VerifyOopClosure::verify_oop, nullptr);
1589 
1590   // Verify the stack frames.
1591   frames_do(frame_verify);
1592 }
1593 
1594 // CR 6300358 (sub-CR 2137150)
1595 // Most callers of this method assume that it can't return null but a
1596 // thread may not have a name whilst it is in the process of attaching to
1597 // the VM - see CR 6412693, and there are places where a JavaThread can be
1598 // seen prior to having its threadObj set (e.g., JNI attaching threads and
1599 // if vm exit occurs during initialization). These cases can all be accounted
1600 // for such that this method never returns null.
1601 const char* JavaThread::name() const  {
1602   if (Thread::is_JavaThread_protected(/* target */ this)) {
1603     // The target JavaThread is protected so get_thread_name_string() is safe:
1604     return get_thread_name_string();
1605   }
1606 
1607   // The target JavaThread is not protected so we return the default:
1608   return Thread::name();
1609 }
1610 
1611 // Like name() but doesn't include the protection check. This must only be
1612 // called when it is known to be safe, even though the protection check can't tell
1613 // that e.g. when this thread is the init_thread() - see instanceKlass.cpp.
1614 const char* JavaThread::name_raw() const  {
1615   return get_thread_name_string();
1616 }
1617 
1618 // Returns a non-null representation of this thread's name, or a suitable
1619 // descriptive string if there is no set name.
1620 const char* JavaThread::get_thread_name_string(char* buf, int buflen) const {
1621   const char* name_str;
1622 #ifdef ASSERT
1623   Thread* current = Thread::current_or_null_safe();
1624   assert(current != nullptr, "cannot be called by a detached thread");
1625   if (!current->is_Java_thread() || JavaThread::cast(current)->is_oop_safe()) {
1626     // Only access threadObj() if current thread is not a JavaThread
1627     // or if it is a JavaThread that can safely access oops.
1628 #endif
1629     oop thread_obj = threadObj();
1630     if (thread_obj != nullptr) {
1631       oop name = java_lang_Thread::name(thread_obj);
1632       if (name != nullptr) {
1633         if (buf == nullptr) {
1634           name_str = java_lang_String::as_utf8_string(name);
1635         } else {
1636           name_str = java_lang_String::as_utf8_string(name, buf, buflen);
1637         }
1638       } else if (is_attaching_via_jni()) { // workaround for 6412693 - see 6404306
1639         name_str = "<no-name - thread is attaching>";
1640       } else {
1641         name_str = "<un-named>";
1642       }
1643     } else {
1644       name_str = Thread::name();
1645     }
1646 #ifdef ASSERT
1647   } else {
1648     // Current JavaThread has exited...
1649     if (current == this) {
1650       // ... and is asking about itself:
1651       name_str = "<no-name - current JavaThread has exited>";
1652     } else {
1653       // ... and it can't safely determine this JavaThread's name so
1654       // use the default thread name.
1655       name_str = Thread::name();
1656     }
1657   }
1658 #endif
1659   assert(name_str != nullptr, "unexpected null thread name");
1660   return name_str;
1661 }
1662 
1663 // Helper to extract the name from the thread oop for logging.
1664 const char* JavaThread::name_for(oop thread_obj) {
1665   assert(thread_obj != nullptr, "precondition");
1666   oop name = java_lang_Thread::name(thread_obj);
1667   const char* name_str;
1668   if (name != nullptr) {
1669     name_str = java_lang_String::as_utf8_string(name);
1670   } else {
1671     name_str = "<un-named>";
1672   }
1673   return name_str;
1674 }
1675 
1676 void JavaThread::prepare(jobject jni_thread, ThreadPriority prio) {
1677 
1678   assert(Threads_lock->owner() == Thread::current(), "must have threads lock");
1679   assert(NoPriority <= prio && prio <= MaxPriority, "sanity check");
1680   // Link Java Thread object <-> C++ Thread
1681 
1682   // Get the C++ thread object (an oop) from the JNI handle (a jthread)
1683   // and put it into a new Handle.  The Handle "thread_oop" can then
1684   // be used to pass the C++ thread object to other methods.
1685 
1686   // Set the Java level thread object (jthread) field of the
1687   // new thread (a JavaThread *) to C++ thread object using the
1688   // "thread_oop" handle.
1689 
1690   // Set the thread field (a JavaThread *) of the
1691   // oop representing the java_lang_Thread to the new thread (a JavaThread *).
1692 
1693   Handle thread_oop(Thread::current(),
1694                     JNIHandles::resolve_non_null(jni_thread));
1695   assert(InstanceKlass::cast(thread_oop->klass())->is_linked(),
1696          "must be initialized");
1697   set_threadOopHandles(thread_oop());
1698   set_monitor_owner_id(java_lang_Thread::thread_id(thread_oop()));
1699 
1700   if (prio == NoPriority) {
1701     prio = java_lang_Thread::priority(thread_oop());
1702     assert(prio != NoPriority, "A valid priority should be present");
1703   }
1704 
1705   // Push the Java priority down to the native thread; needs Threads_lock
1706   Thread::set_priority(this, prio);
1707 
1708   // Add the new thread to the Threads list and set it in motion.
1709   // We must have threads lock in order to call Threads::add.
1710   // It is crucial that we do not block before the thread is
1711   // added to the Threads list for if a GC happens, then the java_thread oop
1712   // will not be visited by GC.
1713   Threads::add(this);
1714   // Publish the JavaThread* in java.lang.Thread after the JavaThread* is
1715   // on a ThreadsList. We don't want to wait for the release when the
1716   // Theads_lock is dropped somewhere in the caller since the JavaThread*
1717   // is already visible to JVM/TI via the ThreadsList.
1718   java_lang_Thread::release_set_thread(thread_oop(), this);
1719 }
1720 
1721 oop JavaThread::current_park_blocker() {
1722   // Support for JSR-166 locks
1723   oop thread_oop = threadObj();
1724   if (thread_oop != nullptr) {
1725     return java_lang_Thread::park_blocker(thread_oop);
1726   }
1727   return nullptr;
1728 }
1729 
1730 // Print current stack trace for checked JNI warnings and JNI fatal errors.
1731 // This is the external format, selecting the platform or vthread
1732 // as applicable, and allowing for a native-only stack.
1733 void JavaThread::print_jni_stack() {
1734   assert(this == JavaThread::current(), "Can't print stack of other threads");
1735   if (!has_last_Java_frame()) {
1736     ResourceMark rm(this);
1737     char* buf = NEW_RESOURCE_ARRAY_RETURN_NULL(char, O_BUFLEN);
1738     if (buf == nullptr) {
1739       tty->print_cr("Unable to print native stack - out of memory");
1740       return;
1741     }
1742     NativeStackPrinter nsp(this);
1743     address lastpc = nullptr;
1744     nsp.print_stack(tty, buf, O_BUFLEN, lastpc,
1745                     true /*print_source_info */, -1 /* max stack */ );
1746   } else {
1747     print_active_stack_on(tty);
1748   }
1749 }
1750 
1751 void JavaThread::print_stack_on(outputStream* st) {
1752   if (!has_last_Java_frame()) return;
1753 
1754   Thread* current_thread = Thread::current();
1755   ResourceMark rm(current_thread);
1756   HandleMark hm(current_thread);
1757 
1758   RegisterMap reg_map(this,
1759                       RegisterMap::UpdateMap::include,
1760                       RegisterMap::ProcessFrames::include,
1761                       RegisterMap::WalkContinuation::skip);
1762   vframe* start_vf = platform_thread_last_java_vframe(&reg_map);
1763   int count = 0;
1764   for (vframe* f = start_vf; f != nullptr; f = f->sender()) {
1765     if (f->is_java_frame()) {
1766       javaVFrame* jvf = javaVFrame::cast(f);
1767       java_lang_Throwable::print_stack_element(st, jvf->method(), jvf->bci());
1768 
1769       // Print out lock information
1770       if (JavaMonitorsInStackTrace) {
1771         jvf->print_lock_info_on(st, false/*is_virtual*/, count);
1772       }
1773     } else {
1774       // Ignore non-Java frames
1775     }
1776 
1777     // Bail-out case for too deep stacks if MaxJavaStackTraceDepth > 0
1778     count++;
1779     if (MaxJavaStackTraceDepth > 0 && MaxJavaStackTraceDepth == count) return;
1780   }
1781 }
1782 
1783 void JavaThread::print_vthread_stack_on(outputStream* st) {
1784   assert(is_vthread_mounted(), "Caller should have checked this");
1785   assert(has_last_Java_frame(), "must be");
1786 
1787   Thread* current_thread = Thread::current();
1788   ResourceMark rm(current_thread);
1789   HandleMark hm(current_thread);
1790 
1791   RegisterMap reg_map(this,
1792                       RegisterMap::UpdateMap::include,
1793                       RegisterMap::ProcessFrames::include,
1794                       RegisterMap::WalkContinuation::include);
1795   ContinuationEntry* cont_entry = last_continuation();
1796   vframe* start_vf = last_java_vframe(&reg_map);
1797   int count = 0;
1798   for (vframe* f = start_vf; f != nullptr; f = f->sender()) {
1799     // Watch for end of vthread stack
1800     if (Continuation::is_continuation_enterSpecial(f->fr())) {
1801       assert(cont_entry == Continuation::get_continuation_entry_for_entry_frame(this, f->fr()), "");
1802       if (cont_entry->is_virtual_thread()) {
1803         break;
1804       }
1805       cont_entry = cont_entry->parent();
1806     }
1807     if (f->is_java_frame()) {
1808       javaVFrame* jvf = javaVFrame::cast(f);
1809       java_lang_Throwable::print_stack_element(st, jvf->method(), jvf->bci());
1810 
1811       // Print out lock information
1812       if (JavaMonitorsInStackTrace) {
1813         jvf->print_lock_info_on(st, true/*is_virtual*/, count);
1814       }
1815     } else {
1816       // Ignore non-Java frames
1817     }
1818 
1819     // Bail-out case for too deep stacks if MaxJavaStackTraceDepth > 0
1820     count++;
1821     if (MaxJavaStackTraceDepth > 0 && MaxJavaStackTraceDepth == count) return;
1822   }
1823 }
1824 
1825 void JavaThread::print_active_stack_on(outputStream* st) {
1826   if (is_vthread_mounted()) {
1827     print_vthread_stack_on(st);
1828   } else {
1829     print_stack_on(st);
1830   }
1831 }
1832 
1833 #if INCLUDE_JVMTI
1834 // Rebind JVMTI thread state from carrier to virtual or from virtual to carrier.
1835 JvmtiThreadState* JavaThread::rebind_to_jvmti_thread_state_of(oop thread_oop) {
1836   set_jvmti_vthread(thread_oop);
1837 
1838   // unbind current JvmtiThreadState from JavaThread
1839   JvmtiThreadState::unbind_from(jvmti_thread_state(), this);
1840 
1841   // bind new JvmtiThreadState to JavaThread
1842   JvmtiThreadState::bind_to(java_lang_Thread::jvmti_thread_state(thread_oop), this);
1843 
1844   // enable interp_only_mode for virtual or carrier thread if it has pending bit
1845   JvmtiThreadState::process_pending_interp_only(this);
1846 
1847   return jvmti_thread_state();
1848 }
1849 #endif
1850 
1851 // JVMTI PopFrame support
1852 void JavaThread::popframe_preserve_args(ByteSize size_in_bytes, void* start) {
1853   assert(_popframe_preserved_args == nullptr, "should not wipe out old PopFrame preserved arguments");
1854   if (in_bytes(size_in_bytes) != 0) {
1855     _popframe_preserved_args = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, in_bytes(size_in_bytes), mtThread);
1856     _popframe_preserved_args_size = in_bytes(size_in_bytes);
1857     Copy::conjoint_jbytes(start, _popframe_preserved_args, _popframe_preserved_args_size);
1858   }
1859 }
1860 
1861 void* JavaThread::popframe_preserved_args() {
1862   return _popframe_preserved_args;
1863 }
1864 
1865 ByteSize JavaThread::popframe_preserved_args_size() {
1866   return in_ByteSize(_popframe_preserved_args_size);
1867 }
1868 
1869 WordSize JavaThread::popframe_preserved_args_size_in_words() {
1870   int sz = in_bytes(popframe_preserved_args_size());
1871   assert(sz % wordSize == 0, "argument size must be multiple of wordSize");
1872   return in_WordSize(sz / wordSize);
1873 }
1874 
1875 void JavaThread::popframe_free_preserved_args() {
1876   assert(_popframe_preserved_args != nullptr, "should not free PopFrame preserved arguments twice");
1877   FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, (char*)_popframe_preserved_args);
1878   _popframe_preserved_args = nullptr;
1879   _popframe_preserved_args_size = 0;
1880 }
1881 
1882 #ifndef PRODUCT
1883 
1884 void JavaThread::trace_frames() {
1885   tty->print_cr("[Describe stack]");
1886   int frame_no = 1;
1887   for (StackFrameStream fst(this, true /* update */, true /* process_frames */); !fst.is_done(); fst.next()) {
1888     tty->print("  %d. ", frame_no++);
1889     fst.current()->print_value_on(tty);
1890     tty->cr();
1891   }
1892 }
1893 
1894 class PrintAndVerifyOopClosure: public OopClosure {
1895  protected:
1896   template <class T> inline void do_oop_work(T* p) {
1897     oop obj = RawAccess<>::oop_load(p);
1898     if (obj == nullptr) return;
1899     tty->print(INTPTR_FORMAT ": ", p2i(p));
1900     if (oopDesc::is_oop_or_null(obj)) {
1901       if (obj->is_objArray()) {
1902         tty->print_cr("valid objArray: " INTPTR_FORMAT, p2i(obj));
1903       } else {
1904         obj->print();
1905       }
1906     } else {
1907       tty->print_cr("invalid oop: " INTPTR_FORMAT, p2i(obj));
1908     }
1909     tty->cr();
1910   }
1911  public:
1912   virtual void do_oop(oop* p) { do_oop_work(p); }
1913   virtual void do_oop(narrowOop* p)  { do_oop_work(p); }
1914 };
1915 
1916 #ifdef ASSERT
1917 // Print or validate the layout of stack frames
1918 void JavaThread::print_frame_layout(int depth, bool validate_only) {
1919   ResourceMark rm;
1920   PreserveExceptionMark pm(this);
1921   FrameValues values;
1922   int frame_no = 0;
1923   for (StackFrameStream fst(this, true, true, true); !fst.is_done(); fst.next()) {
1924     fst.current()->describe(values, ++frame_no, fst.register_map());
1925     if (depth == frame_no) break;
1926   }
1927   Continuation::describe(values);
1928   if (validate_only) {
1929     values.validate();
1930   } else {
1931     tty->print_cr("[Describe stack layout]");
1932     values.print(this);
1933   }
1934 }
1935 #endif
1936 
1937 void JavaThread::trace_stack_from(vframe* start_vf) {
1938   ResourceMark rm;
1939   int vframe_no = 1;
1940   for (vframe* f = start_vf; f; f = f->sender()) {
1941     if (f->is_java_frame()) {
1942       javaVFrame::cast(f)->print_activation(vframe_no++);
1943     } else {
1944       f->print();
1945     }
1946     if (vframe_no > StackPrintLimit) {
1947       tty->print_cr("...<more frames>...");
1948       return;
1949     }
1950   }
1951 }
1952 
1953 
1954 void JavaThread::trace_stack() {
1955   if (!has_last_Java_frame()) return;
1956   Thread* current_thread = Thread::current();
1957   ResourceMark rm(current_thread);
1958   HandleMark hm(current_thread);
1959   RegisterMap reg_map(this,
1960                       RegisterMap::UpdateMap::include,
1961                       RegisterMap::ProcessFrames::include,
1962                       RegisterMap::WalkContinuation::skip);
1963   trace_stack_from(last_java_vframe(&reg_map));
1964 }
1965 
1966 
1967 #endif // PRODUCT
1968 
1969 frame JavaThread::vthread_last_frame() {
1970   assert (is_vthread_mounted(), "Virtual thread not mounted");
1971   return last_frame();
1972 }
1973 
1974 frame JavaThread::carrier_last_frame(RegisterMap* reg_map) {
1975   const ContinuationEntry* entry = vthread_continuation();
1976   guarantee (entry != nullptr, "Not a carrier thread");
1977   frame f = entry->to_frame();
1978   if (reg_map->process_frames()) {
1979     entry->flush_stack_processing(this);
1980   }
1981   entry->update_register_map(reg_map);
1982   return f.sender(reg_map);
1983 }
1984 
1985 frame JavaThread::platform_thread_last_frame(RegisterMap* reg_map) {
1986   return is_vthread_mounted() ? carrier_last_frame(reg_map) : last_frame();
1987 }
1988 
1989 javaVFrame* JavaThread::last_java_vframe(const frame f, RegisterMap *reg_map) {
1990   assert(reg_map != nullptr, "a map must be given");
1991   for (vframe* vf = vframe::new_vframe(&f, reg_map, this); vf; vf = vf->sender()) {
1992     if (vf->is_java_frame()) return javaVFrame::cast(vf);
1993   }
1994   return nullptr;
1995 }
1996 
1997 Klass* JavaThread::security_get_caller_class(int depth) {
1998   ResetNoHandleMark rnhm;
1999   HandleMark hm(Thread::current());
2000 
2001   vframeStream vfst(this);
2002   vfst.security_get_caller_frame(depth);
2003   if (!vfst.at_end()) {
2004     return vfst.method()->method_holder();
2005   }
2006   return nullptr;
2007 }
2008 
2009 // Internal convenience function for millisecond resolution sleeps.
2010 bool JavaThread::sleep(jlong millis) {
2011   jlong nanos;
2012   if (millis > max_jlong / NANOUNITS_PER_MILLIUNIT) {
2013     // Conversion to nanos would overflow, saturate at max
2014     nanos = max_jlong;
2015   } else {
2016     nanos = millis * NANOUNITS_PER_MILLIUNIT;
2017   }
2018   return sleep_nanos(nanos);
2019 }
2020 
2021 // java.lang.Thread.sleep support
2022 // Returns true if sleep time elapsed as expected, and false
2023 // if the thread was interrupted or async exception was installed.
2024 bool JavaThread::sleep_nanos(jlong nanos) {
2025   assert(this == Thread::current(),  "thread consistency check");
2026   assert(nanos >= 0, "nanos are in range");
2027 
2028   ParkEvent * const slp = this->_SleepEvent;
2029   // Because there can be races with thread interruption sending an unpark()
2030   // to the event, we explicitly reset it here to avoid an immediate return.
2031   // The actual interrupt state will be checked before we park().
2032   slp->reset();
2033   // Thread interruption establishes a happens-before ordering in the
2034   // Java Memory Model, so we need to ensure we synchronize with the
2035   // interrupt state.
2036   OrderAccess::fence();
2037 
2038   jlong prevtime = os::javaTimeNanos();
2039 
2040   jlong nanos_remaining = nanos;
2041 
2042   for (;;) {
2043     if (has_async_exception_condition()) {
2044       return false;
2045     }
2046     // interruption has precedence over timing out
2047     if (this->is_interrupted(true)) {
2048       return false;
2049     }
2050 
2051     if (nanos_remaining <= 0) {
2052       return true;
2053     }
2054 
2055     {
2056       ThreadBlockInVM tbivm(this);
2057       OSThreadWaitState osts(this->osthread(), false /* not Object.wait() */);
2058       slp->park_nanos(nanos_remaining);
2059     }
2060 
2061     // Update elapsed time tracking
2062     jlong newtime = os::javaTimeNanos();
2063     if (newtime - prevtime < 0) {
2064       // time moving backwards, should only happen if no monotonic clock
2065       // not a guarantee() because JVM should not abort on kernel/glibc bugs
2066       assert(false,
2067              "unexpected time moving backwards detected in JavaThread::sleep()");
2068     } else {
2069       nanos_remaining -= (newtime - prevtime);
2070     }
2071     prevtime = newtime;
2072   }
2073 }
2074 
2075 // Last thread running calls java.lang.Shutdown.shutdown()
2076 void JavaThread::invoke_shutdown_hooks() {
2077   HandleMark hm(this);
2078 
2079   // We could get here with a pending exception, if so clear it now.
2080   if (this->has_pending_exception()) {
2081     this->clear_pending_exception();
2082   }
2083 
2084   EXCEPTION_MARK;
2085   Klass* shutdown_klass =
2086     SystemDictionary::resolve_or_null(vmSymbols::java_lang_Shutdown(),
2087                                       THREAD);
2088   if (shutdown_klass != nullptr) {
2089     // SystemDictionary::resolve_or_null will return null if there was
2090     // an exception.  If we cannot load the Shutdown class, just don't
2091     // call Shutdown.shutdown() at all.  This will mean the shutdown hooks
2092     // won't be run.  Note that if a shutdown hook was registered,
2093     // the Shutdown class would have already been loaded
2094     // (Runtime.addShutdownHook will load it).
2095     JavaValue result(T_VOID);
2096     JavaCalls::call_static(&result,
2097                            shutdown_klass,
2098                            vmSymbols::shutdown_name(),
2099                            vmSymbols::void_method_signature(),
2100                            THREAD);
2101   }
2102   CLEAR_PENDING_EXCEPTION;
2103 }
2104 
2105 #ifndef PRODUCT
2106 void JavaThread::verify_cross_modify_fence_failure(JavaThread *thread) {
2107    report_vm_error(__FILE__, __LINE__, "Cross modify fence failure", "%p", thread);
2108 }
2109 #endif
2110 
2111 // Helper function to create the java.lang.Thread object for a
2112 // VM-internal thread. The thread will have the given name, and be
2113 // a member of the "system" ThreadGroup.
2114 Handle JavaThread::create_system_thread_object(const char* name, TRAPS) {
2115   Handle string = java_lang_String::create_from_str(name, CHECK_NH);
2116 
2117   // Initialize thread_oop to put it into the system threadGroup.
2118   // This is done by calling the Thread(ThreadGroup group, String name) constructor.
2119   Handle thread_group(THREAD, Universe::system_thread_group());
2120   Handle thread_oop =
2121     JavaCalls::construct_new_instance(vmClasses::Thread_klass(),
2122                                       vmSymbols::threadgroup_string_void_signature(),
2123                                       thread_group,
2124                                       string,
2125                                       CHECK_NH);
2126 
2127   return thread_oop;
2128 }
2129 
2130 // Starts the target JavaThread as a daemon of the given priority, and
2131 // bound to the given java.lang.Thread instance.
2132 // The Threads_lock is held for the duration.
2133 void JavaThread::start_internal_daemon(JavaThread* current, JavaThread* target,
2134                                        Handle thread_oop, ThreadPriority prio) {
2135 
2136   assert(target->osthread() != nullptr, "target thread is not properly initialized");
2137 
2138   MutexLocker mu(current, Threads_lock);
2139 
2140   // Initialize the fields of the thread_oop first.
2141   if (prio != NoPriority) {
2142     java_lang_Thread::set_priority(thread_oop(), prio);
2143     // Note: we don't call os::set_priority here. Possibly we should,
2144     // else all threads should call it themselves when they first run.
2145   }
2146 
2147   java_lang_Thread::set_daemon(thread_oop());
2148 
2149   // Now bind the thread_oop to the target JavaThread.
2150   target->set_threadOopHandles(thread_oop());
2151   target->set_monitor_owner_id(java_lang_Thread::thread_id(thread_oop()));
2152 
2153   Threads::add(target); // target is now visible for safepoint/handshake
2154   // Publish the JavaThread* in java.lang.Thread after the JavaThread* is
2155   // on a ThreadsList. We don't want to wait for the release when the
2156   // Theads_lock is dropped when the 'mu' destructor is run since the
2157   // JavaThread* is already visible to JVM/TI via the ThreadsList.
2158 
2159   assert(java_lang_Thread::thread(thread_oop()) == nullptr, "must not be alive");
2160   java_lang_Thread::release_set_thread(thread_oop(), target); // isAlive == true now
2161   Thread::start(target);
2162 }
2163 
2164 void JavaThread::vm_exit_on_osthread_failure(JavaThread* thread) {
2165   // At this point it may be possible that no osthread was created for the
2166   // JavaThread due to lack of resources. However, since this must work
2167   // for critical system threads just check and abort if this fails.
2168   if (thread->osthread() == nullptr) {
2169     // This isn't really an OOM condition, but historically this is what
2170     // we report.
2171     vm_exit_during_initialization("java.lang.OutOfMemoryError",
2172                                   os::native_thread_creation_failed_msg());
2173   }
2174 }
2175 
2176 void JavaThread::pretouch_stack() {
2177   // Given an established java thread stack with usable area followed by
2178   // shadow zone and reserved/yellow/red zone, pretouch the usable area ranging
2179   // from the current frame down to the start of the shadow zone.
2180   const address end = _stack_overflow_state.shadow_zone_safe_limit();
2181   if (is_in_full_stack(end)) {
2182     char* p1 = (char*) alloca(1);
2183     address here = (address) &p1;
2184     if (is_in_full_stack(here) && here > end) {
2185       size_t to_alloc = here - end;
2186       char* p2 = (char*) alloca(to_alloc);
2187       log_trace(os, thread)("Pretouching thread stack for %zu: " RANGEFMT ".",
2188                             (uintx) osthread()->thread_id(), RANGEFMTARGS(p2, to_alloc));
2189       os::pretouch_memory(p2, p2 + to_alloc,
2190                           NOT_AIX(os::vm_page_size()) AIX_ONLY(4096));
2191     }
2192   }
2193 }
2194 
2195 // Deferred OopHandle release support.
2196 
2197 class OopHandleList : public CHeapObj<mtInternal> {
2198   static const int _count = 4;
2199   OopHandle _handles[_count];
2200   OopHandleList* _next;
2201   int _index;
2202  public:
2203   OopHandleList(OopHandleList* next) : _next(next), _index(0) {}
2204   void add(OopHandle h) {
2205     assert(_index < _count, "too many additions");
2206     _handles[_index++] = h;
2207   }
2208   ~OopHandleList() {
2209     assert(_index == _count, "usage error");
2210     for (int i = 0; i < _index; i++) {
2211       _handles[i].release(JavaThread::thread_oop_storage());
2212     }
2213   }
2214   OopHandleList* next() const { return _next; }
2215 };
2216 
2217 OopHandleList* JavaThread::_oop_handle_list = nullptr;
2218 
2219 // Called by the ServiceThread to do the work of releasing
2220 // the OopHandles.
2221 void JavaThread::release_oop_handles() {
2222   OopHandleList* list;
2223   {
2224     MutexLocker ml(Service_lock, Mutex::_no_safepoint_check_flag);
2225     list = _oop_handle_list;
2226     _oop_handle_list = nullptr;
2227   }
2228   assert(!SafepointSynchronize::is_at_safepoint(), "cannot be called at a safepoint");
2229 
2230   while (list != nullptr) {
2231     OopHandleList* l = list;
2232     list = l->next();
2233     delete l;
2234   }
2235 }
2236 
2237 // Add our OopHandles for later release.
2238 void JavaThread::add_oop_handles_for_release() {
2239   MutexLocker ml(Service_lock, Mutex::_no_safepoint_check_flag);
2240   OopHandleList* new_head = new OopHandleList(_oop_handle_list);
2241   new_head->add(_threadObj);
2242   new_head->add(_vthread);
2243   new_head->add(_jvmti_vthread);
2244   new_head->add(_scopedValueCache);
2245   _oop_handle_list = new_head;
2246   Service_lock->notify_all();
2247 }
2248 
2249 #if INCLUDE_JFR
2250 void JavaThread::set_last_freeze_fail_result(freeze_result result) {
2251   assert(result != freeze_ok, "sanity check");
2252   _last_freeze_fail_result = result;
2253   _last_freeze_fail_time = Ticks::now();
2254 }
2255 
2256 // Post jdk.VirtualThreadPinned event
2257 void JavaThread::post_vthread_pinned_event(EventVirtualThreadPinned* event, const char* op, freeze_result result) {
2258   assert(result != freeze_ok, "sanity check");
2259   if (event->should_commit()) {
2260     char reason[256];
2261     if (class_to_be_initialized() != nullptr) {
2262       ResourceMark rm(this);
2263       jio_snprintf(reason, sizeof reason, "Waited for initialization of %s by another thread",
2264                    class_to_be_initialized()->external_name());
2265       event->set_pinnedReason(reason);
2266     } else if (class_being_initialized() != nullptr) {
2267       ResourceMark rm(this);
2268       jio_snprintf(reason, sizeof(reason), "VM call to %s.<clinit> on stack",
2269                    class_being_initialized()->external_name());
2270       event->set_pinnedReason(reason);
2271     } else if (result == freeze_pinned_native) {
2272       event->set_pinnedReason("Native or VM frame on stack");
2273     } else {
2274       jio_snprintf(reason, sizeof(reason), "Freeze or preempt failed (%d)", result);
2275       event->set_pinnedReason(reason);
2276     }
2277     event->set_blockingOperation(op);
2278     event->set_carrierThread(JFR_JVM_THREAD_ID(this));
2279     event->commit();
2280   }
2281 }
2282 #endif