1 /*
   2  * Copyright (c) 1997, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
   3  * Copyright (c) 2021, Azul Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
   4  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
   5  *
   6  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
   7  * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
   8  * published by the Free Software Foundation.
   9  *
  10  * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
  11  * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
  12  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
  13  * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
  14  * accompanied this code).
  15  *
  16  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
  17  * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
  18  * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
  19  *
  20  * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
  21  * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
  22  * questions.
  23  *
  24  */
  25 
  26 #include "cds/dynamicArchive.hpp"
  27 #include "ci/ciEnv.hpp"
  28 #include "classfile/javaClasses.inline.hpp"
  29 #include "classfile/javaThreadStatus.hpp"
  30 #include "classfile/systemDictionary.hpp"
  31 #include "classfile/vmClasses.hpp"
  32 #include "classfile/vmSymbols.hpp"
  33 #include "code/codeCache.hpp"
  34 #include "code/scopeDesc.hpp"
  35 #include "compiler/compilerThread.hpp"
  36 #include "compiler/compileTask.hpp"
  37 #include "gc/shared/oopStorage.hpp"
  38 #include "gc/shared/oopStorageSet.hpp"
  39 #include "gc/shared/tlab_globals.hpp"
  40 #include "jfr/jfrEvents.hpp"
  41 #include "jvm.h"
  42 #include "jvmtifiles/jvmtiEnv.hpp"
  43 #include "logging/log.hpp"
  44 #include "logging/logAsyncWriter.hpp"
  45 #include "logging/logStream.hpp"
  46 #include "memory/allocation.inline.hpp"
  47 #include "memory/iterator.hpp"
  48 #include "memory/universe.hpp"
  49 #include "oops/access.inline.hpp"
  50 #include "oops/instanceKlass.hpp"
  51 #include "oops/klass.inline.hpp"
  52 #include "oops/oop.inline.hpp"
  53 #include "oops/oopHandle.inline.hpp"
  54 #include "oops/verifyOopClosure.hpp"
  55 #include "prims/jvm_misc.hpp"
  56 #include "prims/jvmtiDeferredUpdates.hpp"
  57 #include "prims/jvmtiExport.hpp"
  58 #include "prims/jvmtiThreadState.inline.hpp"
  59 #include "runtime/atomicAccess.hpp"
  60 #include "runtime/continuation.hpp"
  61 #include "runtime/continuationEntry.inline.hpp"
  62 #include "runtime/continuationHelper.inline.hpp"
  63 #include "runtime/deoptimization.hpp"
  64 #include "runtime/frame.inline.hpp"
  65 #include "runtime/handles.inline.hpp"
  66 #include "runtime/handshake.hpp"
  67 #include "runtime/interfaceSupport.inline.hpp"
  68 #include "runtime/java.hpp"
  69 #include "runtime/javaCalls.hpp"
  70 #include "runtime/javaThread.inline.hpp"
  71 #include "runtime/jniHandles.inline.hpp"
  72 #include "runtime/lockStack.inline.hpp"
  73 #include "runtime/mutexLocker.hpp"
  74 #include "runtime/orderAccess.hpp"
  75 #include "runtime/os.inline.hpp"
  76 #include "runtime/osThread.hpp"
  77 #include "runtime/safepoint.hpp"
  78 #include "runtime/safepointMechanism.inline.hpp"
  79 #include "runtime/safepointVerifiers.hpp"
  80 #include "runtime/serviceThread.hpp"
  81 #include "runtime/stackFrameStream.inline.hpp"
  82 #include "runtime/stackWatermarkSet.hpp"
  83 #include "runtime/synchronizer.hpp"
  84 #include "runtime/threadIdentifier.hpp"
  85 #include "runtime/threadSMR.inline.hpp"
  86 #include "runtime/threadStatisticalInfo.hpp"
  87 #include "runtime/threadWXSetters.inline.hpp"
  88 #include "runtime/timer.hpp"
  89 #include "runtime/timerTrace.hpp"
  90 #include "runtime/vframe.inline.hpp"
  91 #include "runtime/vframe_hp.hpp"
  92 #include "runtime/vframeArray.hpp"
  93 #include "runtime/vmOperations.hpp"
  94 #include "runtime/vmThread.hpp"
  95 #include "services/threadService.hpp"
  96 #include "utilities/copy.hpp"
  97 #include "utilities/defaultStream.hpp"
  98 #include "utilities/dtrace.hpp"
  99 #include "utilities/events.hpp"
 100 #include "utilities/macros.hpp"
 101 #include "utilities/nativeStackPrinter.hpp"
 102 #include "utilities/preserveException.hpp"
 103 #include "utilities/spinYield.hpp"
 104 #include "utilities/vmError.hpp"
 105 #if INCLUDE_JVMCI
 106 #include "jvmci/jvmci.hpp"
 107 #include "jvmci/jvmciEnv.hpp"
 108 #endif
 109 #if INCLUDE_JFR
 110 #include "jfr/jfr.hpp"
 111 #endif
 112 
 113 // Set by os layer.
 114 size_t      JavaThread::_stack_size_at_create = 0;
 115 
 116 #ifdef DTRACE_ENABLED
 117 
 118 // Only bother with this argument setup if dtrace is available
 119 
 120   #define HOTSPOT_THREAD_PROBE_start HOTSPOT_THREAD_START
 121   #define HOTSPOT_THREAD_PROBE_stop HOTSPOT_THREAD_STOP
 122 
 123   #define DTRACE_THREAD_PROBE(probe, javathread)                           \
 124     if (!javathread->is_aot_thread()) {                                    \
 125       ResourceMark rm(this);                                               \
 126       int len = 0;                                                         \
 127       const char* name = (javathread)->name();                             \
 128       len = strlen(name);                                                  \
 129       HOTSPOT_THREAD_PROBE_##probe(/* probe = start, stop */               \
 130         (char *) name, len,                                                \
 131         java_lang_Thread::thread_id((javathread)->threadObj()),            \
 132         (uintptr_t) (javathread)->osthread()->thread_id(),                 \
 133         java_lang_Thread::is_daemon((javathread)->threadObj()));           \
 134     }
 135 
 136 #else //  ndef DTRACE_ENABLED
 137 
 138   #define DTRACE_THREAD_PROBE(probe, javathread)
 139 
 140 #endif // ndef DTRACE_ENABLED
 141 
 142 void JavaThread::smr_delete() {
 143   if (_on_thread_list) {
 144     ThreadsSMRSupport::smr_delete(this);
 145   } else {
 146     delete this;
 147   }
 148 }
 149 
 150 // Initialized by VMThread at vm_global_init
 151 OopStorage* JavaThread::_thread_oop_storage = nullptr;
 152 
 153 OopStorage* JavaThread::thread_oop_storage() {
 154   assert(_thread_oop_storage != nullptr, "not yet initialized");
 155   return _thread_oop_storage;
 156 }
 157 
 158 void JavaThread::set_threadOopHandles(oop p) {
 159   assert(_thread_oop_storage != nullptr, "not yet initialized");
 160   _threadObj   = OopHandle(_thread_oop_storage, p);
 161   _vthread     = OopHandle(_thread_oop_storage, p);
 162   _jvmti_vthread = OopHandle(_thread_oop_storage, p->is_a(vmClasses::BoundVirtualThread_klass()) ? p : nullptr);
 163   _scopedValueCache = OopHandle(_thread_oop_storage, nullptr);
 164 }
 165 
 166 oop JavaThread::threadObj() const {
 167   // Ideally we would verify the current thread is oop_safe when this is called, but as we can
 168   // be called from a signal handler we would have to use Thread::current_or_null_safe(). That
 169   // has overhead and also interacts poorly with GetLastError on Windows due to the use of TLS.
 170   // Instead callers must verify oop safe access.
 171   return _threadObj.resolve();
 172 }
 173 
 174 oop JavaThread::vthread() const {
 175   return _vthread.resolve();
 176 }
 177 
 178 void JavaThread::set_vthread(oop p) {
 179   assert(_thread_oop_storage != nullptr, "not yet initialized");
 180   _vthread.replace(p);
 181 }
 182 
 183 oop JavaThread::jvmti_vthread() const {
 184   return _jvmti_vthread.resolve();
 185 }
 186 
 187 void JavaThread::set_jvmti_vthread(oop p) {
 188   assert(_thread_oop_storage != nullptr, "not yet initialized");
 189   _jvmti_vthread.replace(p);
 190 }
 191 
 192 // If there is a virtual thread mounted then return vthread() oop.
 193 // Otherwise, return threadObj().
 194 oop JavaThread::vthread_or_thread() const {
 195   oop result = vthread();
 196   if (result == nullptr) {
 197     result = threadObj();
 198   }
 199   return result;
 200 }
 201 
 202 oop JavaThread::scopedValueCache() const {
 203   return _scopedValueCache.resolve();
 204 }
 205 
 206 void JavaThread::set_scopedValueCache(oop p) {
 207   if (!_scopedValueCache.is_empty()) { // i.e. if the OopHandle has been allocated
 208     _scopedValueCache.replace(p);
 209   } else {
 210     assert(p == nullptr, "not yet initialized");
 211   }
 212 }
 213 
 214 void JavaThread::clear_scopedValueBindings() {
 215   set_scopedValueCache(nullptr);
 216   oop vthread_oop = vthread();
 217   // vthread may be null here if we get a VM error during startup,
 218   // before the java.lang.Thread instance has been created.
 219   if (vthread_oop != nullptr) {
 220     java_lang_Thread::clear_scopedValueBindings(vthread_oop);
 221   }
 222 }
 223 
 224 void JavaThread::allocate_threadObj(Handle thread_group, const char* thread_name,
 225                                     bool daemon, TRAPS) {
 226   assert(thread_group.not_null(), "thread group should be specified");
 227   assert(threadObj() == nullptr, "should only create Java thread object once");
 228 
 229   InstanceKlass* ik = vmClasses::Thread_klass();
 230   assert(ik->is_initialized(), "must be");
 231   instanceHandle thread_oop = ik->allocate_instance_handle(CHECK);
 232 
 233   // We are called from jni_AttachCurrentThread/jni_AttachCurrentThreadAsDaemon.
 234   // We cannot use JavaCalls::construct_new_instance because the java.lang.Thread
 235   // constructor calls Thread.current(), which must be set here.
 236   java_lang_Thread::set_thread(thread_oop(), this);
 237   set_threadOopHandles(thread_oop());
 238 
 239   JavaValue result(T_VOID);
 240   if (thread_name != nullptr) {
 241     Handle name = java_lang_String::create_from_str(thread_name, CHECK);
 242     // Thread gets assigned specified name and null target
 243     JavaCalls::call_special(&result,
 244                             thread_oop,
 245                             ik,
 246                             vmSymbols::object_initializer_name(),
 247                             vmSymbols::threadgroup_string_void_signature(),
 248                             thread_group,
 249                             name,
 250                             CHECK);
 251   } else {
 252     // Thread gets assigned name "Thread-nnn" and null target
 253     // (java.lang.Thread doesn't have a constructor taking only a ThreadGroup argument)
 254     JavaCalls::call_special(&result,
 255                             thread_oop,
 256                             ik,
 257                             vmSymbols::object_initializer_name(),
 258                             vmSymbols::threadgroup_runnable_void_signature(),
 259                             thread_group,
 260                             Handle(),
 261                             CHECK);
 262   }
 263 
 264   os::set_priority(this, NormPriority);
 265 
 266   if (daemon) {
 267     java_lang_Thread::set_daemon(thread_oop());
 268   }
 269 }
 270 
 271 // ======= JavaThread ========
 272 
 273 #if INCLUDE_JVMCI
 274 
 275 jlong* JavaThread::_jvmci_old_thread_counters;
 276 
 277 static bool jvmci_counters_include(JavaThread* thread) {
 278   return !JVMCICountersExcludeCompiler || !thread->is_Compiler_thread();
 279 }
 280 
 281 void JavaThread::collect_counters(jlong* array, int length) {
 282   assert(length == JVMCICounterSize, "wrong value");
 283   for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
 284     array[i] = _jvmci_old_thread_counters[i];
 285   }
 286   for (JavaThread* tp : ThreadsListHandle()) {
 287     if (jvmci_counters_include(tp)) {
 288       for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
 289         array[i] += tp->_jvmci_counters[i];
 290       }
 291     }
 292   }
 293 }
 294 
 295 // Attempt to enlarge the array for per thread counters.
 296 static jlong* resize_counters_array(jlong* old_counters, int current_size, int new_size) {
 297   jlong* new_counters = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY_RETURN_NULL(jlong, new_size, mtJVMCI);
 298   if (new_counters == nullptr) {
 299     return nullptr;
 300   }
 301   if (old_counters == nullptr) {
 302     old_counters = new_counters;
 303     memset(old_counters, 0, sizeof(jlong) * new_size);
 304   } else {
 305     for (int i = 0; i < MIN2((int) current_size, new_size); i++) {
 306       new_counters[i] = old_counters[i];
 307     }
 308     if (new_size > current_size) {
 309       memset(new_counters + current_size, 0, sizeof(jlong) * (new_size - current_size));
 310     }
 311     FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(jlong, old_counters);
 312   }
 313   return new_counters;
 314 }
 315 
 316 // Attempt to enlarge the array for per thread counters.
 317 bool JavaThread::resize_counters(int current_size, int new_size) {
 318   jlong* new_counters = resize_counters_array(_jvmci_counters, current_size, new_size);
 319   if (new_counters == nullptr) {
 320     return false;
 321   } else {
 322     _jvmci_counters = new_counters;
 323     return true;
 324   }
 325 }
 326 
 327 class VM_JVMCIResizeCounters : public VM_Operation {
 328  private:
 329   int _new_size;
 330   bool _failed;
 331 
 332  public:
 333   VM_JVMCIResizeCounters(int new_size) : _new_size(new_size), _failed(false) { }
 334   VMOp_Type type()                  const        { return VMOp_JVMCIResizeCounters; }
 335   bool allow_nested_vm_operations() const        { return true; }
 336   void doit() {
 337     // Resize the old thread counters array
 338     jlong* new_counters = resize_counters_array(JavaThread::_jvmci_old_thread_counters, JVMCICounterSize, _new_size);
 339     if (new_counters == nullptr) {
 340       _failed = true;
 341       return;
 342     } else {
 343       JavaThread::_jvmci_old_thread_counters = new_counters;
 344     }
 345 
 346     // Now resize each threads array
 347     for (JavaThread* tp : ThreadsListHandle()) {
 348       if (!tp->resize_counters(JVMCICounterSize, _new_size)) {
 349         _failed = true;
 350         break;
 351       }
 352     }
 353     if (!_failed) {
 354       JVMCICounterSize = _new_size;
 355     }
 356   }
 357 
 358   bool failed() { return _failed; }
 359 };
 360 
 361 bool JavaThread::resize_all_jvmci_counters(int new_size) {
 362   VM_JVMCIResizeCounters op(new_size);
 363   VMThread::execute(&op);
 364   return !op.failed();
 365 }
 366 
 367 #endif // INCLUDE_JVMCI
 368 
 369 #ifdef ASSERT
 370 // Checks safepoint allowed and clears unhandled oops at potential safepoints.
 371 void JavaThread::check_possible_safepoint() {
 372   if (_no_safepoint_count > 0) {
 373     print_owned_locks();
 374     assert(false, "Possible safepoint reached by thread that does not allow it");
 375   }
 376 #ifdef CHECK_UNHANDLED_OOPS
 377   // Clear unhandled oops in JavaThreads so we get a crash right away.
 378   clear_unhandled_oops();
 379 #endif // CHECK_UNHANDLED_OOPS
 380 }
 381 
 382 void JavaThread::check_for_valid_safepoint_state() {
 383   // Don't complain if running a debugging command.
 384   if (DebuggingContext::is_enabled()) return;
 385 
 386   // Check NoSafepointVerifier, which is implied by locks taken that can be
 387   // shared with the VM thread.  This makes sure that no locks with allow_vm_block
 388   // are held.
 389   check_possible_safepoint();
 390 
 391   if (thread_state() != _thread_in_vm) {
 392     fatal("LEAF method calling lock?");
 393   }
 394 
 395   if (GCALotAtAllSafepoints) {
 396     // We could enter a safepoint here and thus have a gc
 397     InterfaceSupport::check_gc_alot();
 398   }
 399 }
 400 #endif // ASSERT
 401 
 402 // A JavaThread is a normal Java thread
 403 
 404 JavaThread::JavaThread(MemTag mem_tag) :
 405   Thread(mem_tag),
 406   // Initialize fields
 407   _on_thread_list(false),
 408   DEBUG_ONLY(_java_call_counter(0) COMMA)
 409   _entry_point(nullptr),
 410   _deopt_mark(nullptr),
 411   _deopt_nmethod(nullptr),
 412   _vframe_array_head(nullptr),
 413   _vframe_array_last(nullptr),
 414   _jvmti_deferred_updates(nullptr),
 415   _callee_target(nullptr),
 416   _vm_result_oop(nullptr),
 417   _vm_result_metadata(nullptr),
 418 
 419   _current_pending_monitor(nullptr),
 420   _current_pending_monitor_is_from_java(true),
 421   _current_waiting_monitor(nullptr),
 422   _active_handles(nullptr),
 423   _free_handle_block(nullptr),
 424   _monitor_owner_id(0),
 425 
 426   _suspend_flags(0),
 427 
 428   _thread_state(_thread_new),
 429   _saved_exception_pc(nullptr),
 430 #ifdef ASSERT
 431   _no_safepoint_count(0),
 432   _visited_for_critical_count(false),
 433 #endif
 434 
 435   _terminated(_not_terminated),
 436   _in_deopt_handler(0),
 437   _doing_unsafe_access(false),
 438   _throwing_unsafe_access_error(false),
 439   _do_not_unlock_if_synchronized(false),
 440 #if INCLUDE_JVMTI
 441   _carrier_thread_suspended(false),
 442   _is_disable_suspend(false),
 443   _is_in_java_upcall(false),
 444   _jvmti_events_disabled(0),
 445   _on_monitor_waited_event(false),
 446   _contended_entered_monitor(nullptr),
 447 #endif
 448   _jni_attach_state(_not_attaching_via_jni),
 449   _is_in_internal_oome_mark(false),
 450 #if INCLUDE_JVMCI
 451   _pending_deoptimization(-1),
 452   _pending_monitorenter(false),
 453   _pending_transfer_to_interpreter(false),
 454   _pending_failed_speculation(0),
 455   _jvmci{nullptr},
 456   _libjvmci_runtime(nullptr),
 457   _jvmci_counters(nullptr),
 458   _jvmci_reserved0(0),
 459   _jvmci_reserved1(0),
 460   _jvmci_reserved_oop0(nullptr),
 461   _live_nmethod(nullptr),
 462 #endif // INCLUDE_JVMCI
 463 
 464   _exception_oop(oop()),
 465   _exception_pc(nullptr),
 466   _exception_handler_pc(nullptr),
 467 
 468   _jni_active_critical(0),
 469   _pending_jni_exception_check_fn(nullptr),
 470   _depth_first_number(0),
 471 
 472   // JVMTI PopFrame support
 473   _popframe_condition(popframe_inactive),
 474   _frames_to_pop_failed_realloc(0),
 475 
 476   _cont_entry(nullptr),
 477   _cont_fastpath(nullptr),
 478   _cont_fastpath_thread_state(1),
 479   _unlocked_inflated_monitor(nullptr),
 480 
 481   _can_call_java(true),
 482 
 483   _preempt_alternate_return(nullptr),
 484   _preemption_cancelled(false),
 485   _pending_interrupted_exception(false),
 486   _at_preemptable_init(false),
 487   DEBUG_ONLY(_preempt_init_klass(nullptr) COMMA)
 488   DEBUG_ONLY(_interp_at_preemptable_vmcall_cnt(0) COMMA)
 489   DEBUG_ONLY(_interp_redoing_vm_call(false) COMMA)
 490 
 491   _handshake(this),
 492   _suspend_resume_manager(this, &_handshake._lock),
 493 
 494   _is_in_vthread_transition(false),
 495   JVMTI_ONLY(_is_vthread_transition_disabler(false) COMMA)
 496   DEBUG_ONLY(_is_disabler_at_start(false) COMMA)
 497 
 498   _popframe_preserved_args(nullptr),
 499   _popframe_preserved_args_size(0),
 500 
 501   _jvmti_thread_state(nullptr),
 502   _interp_only_mode(0),
 503   _should_post_on_exceptions_flag(JNI_FALSE),
 504   _thread_stat(new ThreadStatistics()),
 505 
 506   _parker(),
 507 
 508   _class_to_be_initialized(nullptr),
 509   _class_being_initialized(nullptr),
 510 
 511   _SleepEvent(ParkEvent::Allocate(this)),
 512 
 513 #if INCLUDE_JFR
 514   _last_freeze_fail_result(freeze_ok),
 515 #endif
 516 
 517 #ifdef MACOS_AARCH64
 518   _cur_wx_enable(nullptr),
 519   _cur_wx_mode(nullptr),
 520 #endif
 521 
 522   _lock_stack(this),
 523   _om_cache(this) {
 524   set_jni_functions(jni_functions());
 525 
 526 #if INCLUDE_JVMCI
 527   assert(_jvmci._implicit_exception_pc == nullptr, "must be");
 528   if (JVMCICounterSize > 0) {
 529     resize_counters(0, (int) JVMCICounterSize);
 530   }
 531 #endif // INCLUDE_JVMCI
 532 
 533   // Setup safepoint state info for this thread
 534   ThreadSafepointState::create(this);
 535 
 536   SafepointMechanism::initialize_header(this);
 537 
 538   set_requires_cross_modify_fence(false);
 539 
 540   pd_initialize();
 541 }
 542 
 543 JavaThread* JavaThread::create_attaching_thread() {
 544   JavaThread* jt = new JavaThread();
 545   jt->_jni_attach_state = _attaching_via_jni;
 546   return jt;
 547 }
 548 
 549 // interrupt support
 550 
 551 void JavaThread::interrupt() {
 552   // All callers should have 'this' thread protected by a
 553   // ThreadsListHandle so that it cannot terminate and deallocate
 554   // itself.
 555   DEBUG_ONLY(check_for_dangling_thread_pointer(this);)
 556 
 557   // For Windows _interrupt_event
 558   WINDOWS_ONLY(osthread()->set_interrupted(true);)
 559 
 560   // For Thread.sleep
 561   _SleepEvent->unpark();
 562 
 563   // For JSR166 LockSupport.park
 564   parker()->unpark();
 565 
 566   // For ObjectMonitor and JvmtiRawMonitor
 567   _ParkEvent->unpark();
 568 }
 569 
 570 bool JavaThread::is_interrupted(bool clear_interrupted) {
 571   DEBUG_ONLY(check_for_dangling_thread_pointer(this);)
 572 
 573   if (_threadObj.peek() == nullptr) {
 574     // If there is no j.l.Thread then it is impossible to have
 575     // been interrupted. We can find null during VM initialization
 576     // or when a JNI thread is still in the process of attaching.
 577     // In such cases this must be the current thread.
 578     assert(this == Thread::current(), "invariant");
 579     return false;
 580   }
 581 
 582   bool interrupted = java_lang_Thread::interrupted(threadObj());
 583 
 584   // NOTE that since there is no "lock" around the interrupt and
 585   // is_interrupted operations, there is the possibility that the
 586   // interrupted flag will be "false" but that the
 587   // low-level events will be in the signaled state. This is
 588   // intentional. The effect of this is that Object.wait() and
 589   // LockSupport.park() will appear to have a spurious wakeup, which
 590   // is allowed and not harmful, and the possibility is so rare that
 591   // it is not worth the added complexity to add yet another lock.
 592   // For the sleep event an explicit reset is performed on entry
 593   // to JavaThread::sleep, so there is no early return. It has also been
 594   // recommended not to put the interrupted flag into the "event"
 595   // structure because it hides the issue.
 596   // Also, because there is no lock, we must only clear the interrupt
 597   // state if we are going to report that we were interrupted; otherwise
 598   // an interrupt that happens just after we read the field would be lost.
 599   if (interrupted && clear_interrupted) {
 600     assert(this == Thread::current(), "only the current thread can clear");
 601     java_lang_Thread::set_interrupted(threadObj(), false);
 602     WINDOWS_ONLY(osthread()->set_interrupted(false);)
 603   }
 604   return interrupted;
 605 }
 606 
 607 // This is only for use by JVMTI RawMonitorWait. It emulates the actions of
 608 // the Java code in Object::wait which are not present in RawMonitorWait.
 609 bool JavaThread::get_and_clear_interrupted() {
 610   if (!is_interrupted(false)) {
 611     return false;
 612   }
 613   oop thread_oop = vthread_or_thread();
 614   bool is_virtual = java_lang_VirtualThread::is_instance(thread_oop);
 615 
 616   if (!is_virtual) {
 617     return is_interrupted(true);
 618   }
 619   // Virtual thread: clear interrupt status for both virtual and
 620   // carrier threads under the interruptLock protection.
 621   JavaThread* current = JavaThread::current();
 622   HandleMark hm(current);
 623   Handle thread_h(current, thread_oop);
 624   ObjectLocker lock(Handle(current, java_lang_Thread::interrupt_lock(thread_h())), current);
 625 
 626   // re-check the interrupt status under the interruptLock protection
 627   bool interrupted = java_lang_Thread::interrupted(thread_h());
 628 
 629   if (interrupted) {
 630     assert(this == Thread::current(), "only the current thread can clear");
 631     java_lang_Thread::set_interrupted(thread_h(), false);  // clear for virtual
 632     java_lang_Thread::set_interrupted(threadObj(), false); // clear for carrier
 633     WINDOWS_ONLY(osthread()->set_interrupted(false);)
 634   }
 635   return interrupted;
 636 }
 637 
 638 void JavaThread::block_if_vm_exited() {
 639   if (_terminated == _vm_exited) {
 640     // _vm_exited is set at safepoint, and Threads_lock is never released
 641     // so we will block here forever.
 642     // Here we can be doing a jump from a safe state to an unsafe state without
 643     // proper transition, but it happens after the final safepoint has begun so
 644     // this jump won't cause any safepoint problems.
 645     set_thread_state(_thread_in_vm);
 646     Threads_lock->lock();
 647     ShouldNotReachHere();
 648   }
 649 }
 650 
 651 JavaThread::JavaThread(ThreadFunction entry_point, size_t stack_sz, MemTag mem_tag) : JavaThread(mem_tag) {
 652   set_entry_point(entry_point);
 653   // Create the native thread itself.
 654   // %note runtime_23
 655   os::ThreadType thr_type = os::java_thread;
 656   thr_type = entry_point == &CompilerThread::thread_entry ? os::compiler_thread :
 657                                                             os::java_thread;
 658   os::create_thread(this, thr_type, stack_sz);
 659   // The _osthread may be null here because we ran out of memory (too many threads active).
 660   // We need to throw and OutOfMemoryError - however we cannot do this here because the caller
 661   // may hold a lock and all locks must be unlocked before throwing the exception (throwing
 662   // the exception consists of creating the exception object & initializing it, initialization
 663   // will leave the VM via a JavaCall and then all locks must be unlocked).
 664   //
 665   // The thread is still suspended when we reach here. Thread must be explicit started
 666   // by creator! Furthermore, the thread must also explicitly be added to the Threads list
 667   // by calling Threads:add. The reason why this is not done here, is because the thread
 668   // object must be fully initialized (take a look at JVM_Start)
 669 }
 670 
 671 JavaThread::~JavaThread() {
 672 
 673   // Enqueue OopHandles for release by the service thread.
 674   add_oop_handles_for_release();
 675 
 676   // Return the sleep event to the free list
 677   ParkEvent::Release(_SleepEvent);
 678   _SleepEvent = nullptr;
 679 
 680   // Free any remaining  previous UnrollBlock
 681   vframeArray* old_array = vframe_array_last();
 682 
 683   if (old_array != nullptr) {
 684     Deoptimization::UnrollBlock* old_info = old_array->unroll_block();
 685     old_array->set_unroll_block(nullptr);
 686     delete old_info;
 687     delete old_array;
 688   }
 689 
 690   JvmtiDeferredUpdates* updates = deferred_updates();
 691   if (updates != nullptr) {
 692     // This can only happen if thread is destroyed before deoptimization occurs.
 693     assert(updates->count() > 0, "Updates holder not deleted");
 694     // free deferred updates.
 695     delete updates;
 696     set_deferred_updates(nullptr);
 697   }
 698 
 699   // All Java related clean up happens in exit
 700   ThreadSafepointState::destroy(this);
 701   if (_thread_stat != nullptr) delete _thread_stat;
 702 
 703 #if INCLUDE_JVMCI
 704   if (JVMCICounterSize > 0) {
 705     FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(jlong, _jvmci_counters);
 706   }
 707 #endif // INCLUDE_JVMCI
 708 }
 709 
 710 
 711 // First JavaThread specific code executed by a new Java thread.
 712 void JavaThread::pre_run() {
 713   // empty - see comments in run()
 714 }
 715 
 716 // The main routine called by a new Java thread. This isn't overridden
 717 // by subclasses, instead different subclasses define a different "entry_point"
 718 // which defines the actual logic for that kind of thread.
 719 void JavaThread::run() {
 720   // initialize thread-local alloc buffer related fields
 721   initialize_tlab();
 722 
 723   _stack_overflow_state.create_stack_guard_pages();
 724 
 725   cache_global_variables();
 726 
 727   // Thread is now sufficiently initialized to be handled by the safepoint code as being
 728   // in the VM. Change thread state from _thread_new to _thread_in_vm
 729   assert(this->thread_state() == _thread_new, "wrong thread state");
 730   set_thread_state(_thread_in_vm);
 731 
 732   // Before a thread is on the threads list it is always safe, so after leaving the
 733   // _thread_new we should emit a instruction barrier. The distance to modified code
 734   // from here is probably far enough, but this is consistent and safe.
 735   OrderAccess::cross_modify_fence();
 736 
 737   assert(JavaThread::current() == this, "sanity check");
 738   assert(!Thread::current()->owns_locks(), "sanity check");
 739 
 740   JFR_ONLY(Jfr::on_thread_start(this);)
 741 
 742   DTRACE_THREAD_PROBE(start, this);
 743 
 744   // This operation might block. We call that after all safepoint checks for a new thread has
 745   // been completed.
 746   set_active_handles(JNIHandleBlock::allocate_block());
 747 
 748   if (JvmtiExport::should_post_thread_life()) {
 749     JvmtiExport::post_thread_start(this);
 750 
 751   }
 752 
 753   if (AlwaysPreTouchStacks) {
 754     pretouch_stack();
 755   }
 756 
 757   // We call another function to do the rest so we are sure that the stack addresses used
 758   // from there will be lower than the stack base just computed.
 759   thread_main_inner();
 760 }
 761 
 762 void JavaThread::thread_main_inner() {
 763   assert(JavaThread::current() == this, "sanity check");
 764   assert(_threadObj.peek() != nullptr || is_aot_thread(), "just checking");
 765 
 766   // Execute thread entry point unless this thread has a pending exception.
 767   // Note: Due to JVMTI StopThread we can have pending exceptions already!
 768   if (!this->has_pending_exception()) {
 769     {
 770       ResourceMark rm(this);
 771       this->set_native_thread_name(this->name());
 772     }
 773     HandleMark hm(this);
 774     this->entry_point()(this, this);
 775   }
 776 
 777   DTRACE_THREAD_PROBE(stop, this);
 778 
 779   // Cleanup is handled in post_run()
 780 }
 781 
 782 // Shared teardown for all JavaThreads
 783 void JavaThread::post_run() {
 784   this->exit(false);
 785   this->unregister_thread_stack_with_NMT();
 786   // Defer deletion to here to ensure 'this' is still referenceable in call_run
 787   // for any shared tear-down.
 788   this->smr_delete();
 789 }
 790 
 791 static void ensure_join(JavaThread* thread) {
 792   // We do not need to grab the Threads_lock, since we are operating on ourself.
 793   Handle threadObj(thread, thread->threadObj());
 794   assert(threadObj.not_null(), "java thread object must exist");
 795   ObjectLocker lock(threadObj, thread);
 796   // Thread is exiting. So set thread_status field in  java.lang.Thread class to TERMINATED.
 797   java_lang_Thread::set_thread_status(threadObj(), JavaThreadStatus::TERMINATED);
 798   // Clear the native thread instance - this makes isAlive return false and allows the join()
 799   // to complete once we've done the notify_all below. Needs a release() to obey Java Memory Model
 800   // requirements.
 801   assert(java_lang_Thread::thread(threadObj()) == thread, "must be alive");
 802   java_lang_Thread::release_set_thread(threadObj(), nullptr);
 803   lock.notify_all(thread);
 804   // Ignore pending exception, since we are exiting anyway
 805   thread->clear_pending_exception();
 806 }
 807 
 808 static bool is_daemon(oop threadObj) {
 809   return (threadObj != nullptr && java_lang_Thread::is_daemon(threadObj));
 810 }
 811 
 812 // For any new cleanup additions, please check to see if they need to be applied to
 813 // cleanup_failed_attach_current_thread as well.
 814 void JavaThread::exit(bool destroy_vm, ExitType exit_type) {
 815   assert(this == JavaThread::current(), "thread consistency check");
 816   assert(!is_exiting(), "should not be exiting or terminated already");
 817 
 818   elapsedTimer _timer_exit_phase1;
 819   elapsedTimer _timer_exit_phase2;
 820   elapsedTimer _timer_exit_phase3;
 821   elapsedTimer _timer_exit_phase4;
 822 
 823   om_clear_monitor_cache();
 824 
 825   if (log_is_enabled(Debug, os, thread, timer)) {
 826     _timer_exit_phase1.start();
 827   }
 828 
 829   HandleMark hm(this);
 830   Handle uncaught_exception(this, this->pending_exception());
 831   this->clear_pending_exception();
 832   Handle threadObj(this, this->threadObj());
 833   assert(threadObj.not_null(), "Java thread object should be created");
 834 
 835   if (!destroy_vm) {
 836     if (uncaught_exception.not_null()) {
 837       EXCEPTION_MARK;
 838       // Call method Thread.dispatchUncaughtException().
 839       Klass* thread_klass = vmClasses::Thread_klass();
 840       JavaValue result(T_VOID);
 841       JavaCalls::call_virtual(&result,
 842                               threadObj, thread_klass,
 843                               vmSymbols::dispatchUncaughtException_name(),
 844                               vmSymbols::throwable_void_signature(),
 845                               uncaught_exception,
 846                               THREAD);
 847       if (HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION) {
 848         ResourceMark rm(this);
 849         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
 850                     "\nException: %s thrown from the UncaughtExceptionHandler"
 851                     " in thread \"%s\"\n",
 852                     pending_exception()->klass()->external_name(),
 853                     name());
 854         CLEAR_PENDING_EXCEPTION;
 855       }
 856     }
 857 
 858     if (!is_Compiler_thread()) {
 859       // We have finished executing user-defined Java code and now have to do the
 860       // implementation specific clean-up by calling Thread.exit(). We prevent any
 861       // asynchronous exceptions from being delivered while in Thread.exit()
 862       // to ensure the clean-up is not corrupted.
 863       NoAsyncExceptionDeliveryMark _no_async(this);
 864 
 865       EXCEPTION_MARK;
 866       JavaValue result(T_VOID);
 867       Klass* thread_klass = vmClasses::Thread_klass();
 868       JavaCalls::call_virtual(&result,
 869                               threadObj, thread_klass,
 870                               vmSymbols::exit_method_name(),
 871                               vmSymbols::void_method_signature(),
 872                               THREAD);
 873       CLEAR_PENDING_EXCEPTION;
 874     }
 875 
 876     // notify JVMTI
 877     if (JvmtiExport::should_post_thread_life()) {
 878       JvmtiExport::post_thread_end(this);
 879     }
 880   } else {
 881     // before_exit() has already posted JVMTI THREAD_END events
 882   }
 883 
 884   // Cleanup any pending async exception now since we cannot access oops after
 885   // BarrierSet::barrier_set()->on_thread_detach() has been executed.
 886   if (has_async_exception_condition()) {
 887     handshake_state()->clean_async_exception_operation();
 888   }
 889 
 890   // The careful dance between thread suspension and exit is handled here.
 891   // Since we are in thread_in_vm state and suspension is done with handshakes,
 892   // we can just put in the exiting state and it will be correctly handled.
 893   // Also, no more async exceptions will be added to the queue after this point.
 894   set_terminated(_thread_exiting);
 895   ThreadService::current_thread_exiting(this, is_daemon(threadObj()));
 896 
 897   if (log_is_enabled(Debug, os, thread, timer)) {
 898     _timer_exit_phase1.stop();
 899     _timer_exit_phase2.start();
 900   }
 901 
 902   // Capture daemon status before the thread is marked as terminated.
 903   bool daemon = is_daemon(threadObj());
 904 
 905   // Notify waiters on thread object. This has to be done after exit() is called
 906   // on the thread (if the thread is the last thread in a daemon ThreadGroup the
 907   // group should have the destroyed bit set before waiters are notified).
 908   ensure_join(this);
 909   assert(!this->has_pending_exception(), "ensure_join should have cleared");
 910 
 911   if (log_is_enabled(Debug, os, thread, timer)) {
 912     _timer_exit_phase2.stop();
 913     _timer_exit_phase3.start();
 914   }
 915   // 6282335 JNI DetachCurrentThread spec states that all Java monitors
 916   // held by this thread must be released. The spec does not distinguish
 917   // between JNI-acquired and regular Java monitors. We can only see
 918   // regular Java monitors here if monitor enter-exit matching is broken.
 919   //
 920   // ensure_join() ignores IllegalThreadStateExceptions, and so does
 921   // ObjectSynchronizer::release_monitors_owned_by_thread().
 922   if (exit_type == jni_detach) {
 923     // Sanity check even though JNI DetachCurrentThread() would have
 924     // returned JNI_ERR if there was a Java frame. JavaThread exit
 925     // should be done executing Java code by the time we get here.
 926     assert(!this->has_last_Java_frame(),
 927            "should not have a Java frame when detaching or exiting");
 928     ObjectSynchronizer::release_monitors_owned_by_thread(this);
 929     assert(!this->has_pending_exception(), "release_monitors should have cleared");
 930   }
 931 
 932   // These things needs to be done while we are still a Java Thread. Make sure that thread
 933   // is in a consistent state, in case GC happens
 934   JFR_ONLY(Jfr::on_thread_exit(this);)
 935 
 936   if (active_handles() != nullptr) {
 937     JNIHandleBlock* block = active_handles();
 938     set_active_handles(nullptr);
 939     JNIHandleBlock::release_block(block);
 940   }
 941 
 942   if (free_handle_block() != nullptr) {
 943     JNIHandleBlock* block = free_handle_block();
 944     set_free_handle_block(nullptr);
 945     JNIHandleBlock::release_block(block);
 946   }
 947 
 948   // These have to be removed while this is still a valid thread.
 949   _stack_overflow_state.remove_stack_guard_pages();
 950 
 951   if (UseTLAB) {
 952     retire_tlab();
 953   }
 954 
 955   if (JvmtiEnv::environments_might_exist()) {
 956     JvmtiExport::cleanup_thread(this);
 957   }
 958 
 959   // We need to cache the thread name for logging purposes below as once
 960   // we have called on_thread_detach this thread must not access any oops.
 961   char* thread_name = nullptr;
 962   if (log_is_enabled(Debug, os, thread, timer) || (CountBytecodesPerThread && log_is_enabled(Info, init))) {
 963     ResourceMark rm(this);
 964     thread_name = os::strdup(name());
 965   }
 966 
 967   if (log_is_enabled(Info, os, thread)) {
 968     ResourceMark rm(this);
 969     log_info(os, thread)("JavaThread %s (name: \"%s\", tid: %zu).",
 970                          exit_type == JavaThread::normal_exit ? "exiting" : "detaching",
 971                          name(), os::current_thread_id());
 972   }
 973 
 974   if (log_is_enabled(Debug, os, thread, timer)) {
 975     _timer_exit_phase3.stop();
 976     _timer_exit_phase4.start();
 977   }
 978 
 979 #if INCLUDE_JVMCI
 980   if (JVMCICounterSize > 0) {
 981     if (jvmci_counters_include(this)) {
 982       for (int i = 0; i < JVMCICounterSize; i++) {
 983         _jvmci_old_thread_counters[i] += _jvmci_counters[i];
 984       }
 985     }
 986   }
 987 #endif // INCLUDE_JVMCI
 988 
 989   if (bc_counter_value() > 0) {
 990     log_info(init)("Thread '%s': " JLONG_FORMAT " bytecodes executed (during clinit: " JLONG_FORMAT ")",
 991                    thread_name, bc_counter_value(), clinit_bc_counter_value());
 992   }
 993 
 994   // Remove from list of active threads list, and notify VM thread if we are the last non-daemon thread.
 995   // We call BarrierSet::barrier_set()->on_thread_detach() here so no touching of oops after this point.
 996   Threads::remove(this, daemon);
 997 
 998   if (log_is_enabled(Debug, os, thread, timer)) {
 999     _timer_exit_phase4.stop();
1000     log_debug(os, thread, timer)("name='%s'"
1001                                  ", exit-phase1=" JLONG_FORMAT
1002                                  ", exit-phase2=" JLONG_FORMAT
1003                                  ", exit-phase3=" JLONG_FORMAT
1004                                  ", exit-phase4=" JLONG_FORMAT,
1005                                  thread_name,
1006                                  _timer_exit_phase1.milliseconds(),
1007                                  _timer_exit_phase2.milliseconds(),
1008                                  _timer_exit_phase3.milliseconds(),
1009                                  _timer_exit_phase4.milliseconds());
1010     os::free(thread_name);
1011   }
1012 }
1013 
1014 void JavaThread::cleanup_failed_attach_current_thread(bool is_daemon) {
1015   if (active_handles() != nullptr) {
1016     JNIHandleBlock* block = active_handles();
1017     set_active_handles(nullptr);
1018     JNIHandleBlock::release_block(block);
1019   }
1020 
1021   if (free_handle_block() != nullptr) {
1022     JNIHandleBlock* block = free_handle_block();
1023     set_free_handle_block(nullptr);
1024     JNIHandleBlock::release_block(block);
1025   }
1026 
1027   // These have to be removed while this is still a valid thread.
1028   _stack_overflow_state.remove_stack_guard_pages();
1029 
1030   if (UseTLAB) {
1031     retire_tlab();
1032   }
1033 
1034   Threads::remove(this, is_daemon);
1035 }
1036 
1037 JavaThread* JavaThread::active() {
1038   Thread* thread = Thread::current();
1039   if (thread->is_Java_thread()) {
1040     return JavaThread::cast(thread);
1041   } else {
1042     assert(thread->is_VM_thread(), "this must be a vm thread");
1043     VM_Operation* op = ((VMThread*) thread)->vm_operation();
1044     JavaThread *ret = op == nullptr ? nullptr : JavaThread::cast(op->calling_thread());
1045     return ret;
1046   }
1047 }
1048 
1049 oop JavaThread::exception_oop() const {
1050   return AtomicAccess::load(&_exception_oop);
1051 }
1052 
1053 void JavaThread::set_exception_oop(oop o) {
1054   AtomicAccess::store(&_exception_oop, o);
1055 }
1056 
1057 void JavaThread::handle_special_runtime_exit_condition() {
1058   // We mustn't block for object deopt if the thread is
1059   // currently executing in a JNI critical region, as that
1060   // can cause deadlock because allocation may be locked out
1061   // and the object deopt suspender may try to allocate.
1062   if (is_obj_deopt_suspend() && !in_critical()) {
1063     frame_anchor()->make_walkable();
1064     wait_for_object_deoptimization();
1065   }
1066 }
1067 
1068 
1069 // Asynchronous exceptions support
1070 //
1071 void JavaThread::handle_async_exception(oop java_throwable) {
1072   assert(java_throwable != nullptr, "should have an _async_exception to throw");
1073   assert(!is_at_poll_safepoint(), "should have never called this method");
1074 
1075   if (has_last_Java_frame()) {
1076     frame f = last_frame();
1077     if (f.is_runtime_frame()) {
1078       // If the topmost frame is a runtime stub, then we are calling into
1079       // OptoRuntime from compiled code. Some runtime stubs (new, monitor_exit..)
1080       // must deoptimize the caller before continuing, as the compiled exception
1081       // handler table may not be valid.
1082       RegisterMap reg_map(this,
1083                           RegisterMap::UpdateMap::skip,
1084                           RegisterMap::ProcessFrames::include,
1085                           RegisterMap::WalkContinuation::skip);
1086       frame compiled_frame = f.sender(&reg_map);
1087       if (!StressCompiledExceptionHandlers && compiled_frame.can_be_deoptimized()) {
1088         Deoptimization::deoptimize(this, compiled_frame);
1089       }
1090     }
1091   }
1092 
1093   // We cannot call Exceptions::_throw(...) here because we cannot block
1094   set_pending_exception(java_throwable, __FILE__, __LINE__);
1095 
1096   clear_scopedValueBindings();
1097 
1098   LogTarget(Info, exceptions) lt;
1099   if (lt.is_enabled()) {
1100     ResourceMark rm;
1101     LogStream ls(lt);
1102     ls.print("Async. exception installed at runtime exit (" INTPTR_FORMAT ")", p2i(this));
1103     if (has_last_Java_frame()) {
1104       frame f = last_frame();
1105       ls.print(" (pc: " INTPTR_FORMAT " sp: " INTPTR_FORMAT " )", p2i(f.pc()), p2i(f.sp()));
1106     }
1107     ls.print_cr(" of type: %s", java_throwable->klass()->external_name());
1108   }
1109 }
1110 
1111 void JavaThread::install_async_exception(AsyncExceptionHandshakeClosure* aehc) {
1112   // Do not throw asynchronous exceptions against the compiler thread
1113   // or if the thread is already exiting.
1114   if (!can_call_java() || is_exiting()) {
1115     delete aehc;
1116     return;
1117   }
1118 
1119   oop exception = aehc->exception();
1120   Handshake::execute(aehc, this);  // Install asynchronous handshake
1121 
1122   ResourceMark rm;
1123   if (log_is_enabled(Info, exceptions)) {
1124     log_info(exceptions)("Pending Async. exception installed of type: %s",
1125                          exception->klass()->external_name());
1126   }
1127   // for AbortVMOnException flag
1128   Exceptions::debug_check_abort(exception->klass()->external_name());
1129 
1130   oop vt_oop = vthread();
1131   if (vt_oop == nullptr || !vt_oop->is_a(vmClasses::BaseVirtualThread_klass())) {
1132     // Interrupt thread so it will wake up from a potential wait()/sleep()/park()
1133     this->interrupt();
1134   }
1135 }
1136 
1137 class InstallAsyncExceptionHandshakeClosure : public HandshakeClosure {
1138   AsyncExceptionHandshakeClosure* _aehc;
1139 public:
1140   InstallAsyncExceptionHandshakeClosure(AsyncExceptionHandshakeClosure* aehc) :
1141     HandshakeClosure("InstallAsyncException"), _aehc(aehc) {}
1142   ~InstallAsyncExceptionHandshakeClosure() {
1143     // If InstallAsyncExceptionHandshakeClosure was never executed we need to clean up _aehc.
1144     delete _aehc;
1145   }
1146   void do_thread(Thread* thr) {
1147     JavaThread* target = JavaThread::cast(thr);
1148     target->install_async_exception(_aehc);
1149     _aehc = nullptr;
1150   }
1151 };
1152 
1153 void JavaThread::send_async_exception(JavaThread* target, oop java_throwable) {
1154   OopHandle e(Universe::vm_global(), java_throwable);
1155   InstallAsyncExceptionHandshakeClosure iaeh(new AsyncExceptionHandshakeClosure(e));
1156   Handshake::execute(&iaeh, target);
1157 }
1158 
1159 bool JavaThread::is_in_vthread_transition() const {
1160   DEBUG_ONLY(Thread* current = Thread::current();)
1161   assert(is_handshake_safe_for(current) || SafepointSynchronize::is_at_safepoint()
1162          || JavaThread::cast(current)->is_disabler_at_start(), "not safe");
1163   return AtomicAccess::load(&_is_in_vthread_transition);
1164 }
1165 
1166 void JavaThread::set_is_in_vthread_transition(bool val) {
1167   assert(is_in_vthread_transition() != val, "already %s transition", val ? "inside" : "outside");
1168   AtomicAccess::store(&_is_in_vthread_transition, val);
1169 }
1170 
1171 #if INCLUDE_JVMTI
1172 void JavaThread::set_is_vthread_transition_disabler(bool val) {
1173   _is_vthread_transition_disabler = val;
1174 }
1175 #endif
1176 
1177 #ifdef ASSERT
1178 void JavaThread::set_is_disabler_at_start(bool val) {
1179   _is_disabler_at_start = val;
1180 }
1181 #endif
1182 
1183 // External suspension mechanism.
1184 //
1185 // Guarantees on return (for a valid target thread):
1186 //   - Target thread will not execute any new bytecode.
1187 //   - Target thread will not enter any new monitors.
1188 //
1189 bool JavaThread::java_suspend(bool register_vthread_SR) {
1190   // Suspending a vthread transition disabler can cause deadlocks.
1191   // The HandshakeState::has_operation does not allow such suspends.
1192   // But the suspender thread is an exclusive transition disablers, so there can't be other disabers here.
1193   JVMTI_ONLY(assert(!is_vthread_transition_disabler(), "suspender thread is an exclusive transition disabler");)
1194 
1195   guarantee(Thread::is_JavaThread_protected(/* target */ this),
1196             "target JavaThread is not protected in calling context.");
1197   return this->suspend_resume_manager()->suspend(register_vthread_SR);
1198 }
1199 
1200 bool JavaThread::java_resume(bool register_vthread_SR) {
1201   guarantee(Thread::is_JavaThread_protected_by_TLH(/* target */ this),
1202             "missing ThreadsListHandle in calling context.");
1203   return this->suspend_resume_manager()->resume(register_vthread_SR);
1204 }
1205 
1206 // Wait for another thread to perform object reallocation and relocking on behalf of
1207 // this thread. The current thread is required to change to _thread_blocked in order
1208 // to be seen to be safepoint/handshake safe whilst suspended and only after becoming
1209 // handshake safe, the other thread can complete the handshake used to synchronize
1210 // with this thread and then perform the reallocation and relocking.
1211 // See EscapeBarrier::sync_and_suspend_*()
1212 
1213 void JavaThread::wait_for_object_deoptimization() {
1214   assert(!has_last_Java_frame() || frame_anchor()->walkable(), "should have walkable stack");
1215   assert(this == Thread::current(), "invariant");
1216 
1217   bool spin_wait = os::is_MP();
1218   do {
1219     ThreadBlockInVM tbivm(this, true /* allow_suspend */);
1220     // Wait for object deoptimization if requested.
1221     if (spin_wait) {
1222       // A single deoptimization is typically very short. Microbenchmarks
1223       // showed 5% better performance when spinning.
1224       const uint spin_limit = 10 * SpinYield::default_spin_limit;
1225       SpinYield spin(spin_limit);
1226       for (uint i = 0; is_obj_deopt_suspend() && i < spin_limit; i++) {
1227         spin.wait();
1228       }
1229       // Spin just once
1230       spin_wait = false;
1231     } else {
1232       MonitorLocker ml(this, EscapeBarrier_lock, Monitor::_no_safepoint_check_flag);
1233       if (is_obj_deopt_suspend()) {
1234         ml.wait();
1235       }
1236     }
1237     // A handshake for obj. deoptimization suspend could have been processed so
1238     // we must check after processing.
1239   } while (is_obj_deopt_suspend());
1240 }
1241 
1242 #ifdef ASSERT
1243 // Verify the JavaThread has not yet been published in the Threads::list, and
1244 // hence doesn't need protection from concurrent access at this stage.
1245 void JavaThread::verify_not_published() {
1246   // Cannot create a ThreadsListHandle here and check !tlh.includes(this)
1247   // since an unpublished JavaThread doesn't participate in the
1248   // Thread-SMR protocol for keeping a ThreadsList alive.
1249   assert(!on_thread_list(), "JavaThread shouldn't have been published yet!");
1250 }
1251 #endif
1252 
1253 // Slow path when the native==>Java barriers detect a safepoint/handshake is
1254 // pending, when _suspend_flags is non-zero or when we need to process a stack
1255 // watermark. Also check for pending async exceptions (except unsafe access error).
1256 // Note only the native==>Java barriers can call this function when thread state
1257 // is _thread_in_native_trans.
1258 void JavaThread::check_special_condition_for_native_trans(JavaThread *thread) {
1259   assert(thread->thread_state() == _thread_in_native_trans, "wrong state");
1260   assert(!thread->has_last_Java_frame() || thread->frame_anchor()->walkable(), "Unwalkable stack in native->Java transition");
1261 
1262   thread->set_thread_state(_thread_in_vm);
1263 
1264   // Enable WXWrite: called directly from interpreter native wrapper.
1265   MACOS_AARCH64_ONLY(ThreadWXEnable wx(WXWrite, thread));
1266 
1267   SafepointMechanism::process_if_requested_with_exit_check(thread, true /* check asyncs */);
1268 
1269   // After returning from native, it could be that the stack frames are not
1270   // yet safe to use. We catch such situations in the subsequent stack watermark
1271   // barrier, which will trap unsafe stack frames.
1272   StackWatermarkSet::before_unwind(thread);
1273 }
1274 
1275 #ifndef PRODUCT
1276 // Deoptimization
1277 // Function for testing deoptimization
1278 void JavaThread::deoptimize() {
1279   StackFrameStream fst(this, false /* update */, true /* process_frames */);
1280   bool deopt = false;           // Dump stack only if a deopt actually happens.
1281   bool only_at = strlen(DeoptimizeOnlyAt) > 0;
1282   // Iterate over all frames in the thread and deoptimize
1283   for (; !fst.is_done(); fst.next()) {
1284     if (fst.current()->can_be_deoptimized()) {
1285 
1286       if (only_at) {
1287         // Deoptimize only at particular bcis.  DeoptimizeOnlyAt
1288         // consists of comma or carriage return separated numbers so
1289         // search for the current bci in that string.
1290         address    pc = fst.current()->pc();
1291         nmethod*   nm = fst.current()->cb()->as_nmethod();
1292         ScopeDesc* sd = nm->scope_desc_at(pc);
1293         char buffer[8];
1294         jio_snprintf(buffer, sizeof(buffer), "%d", sd->bci());
1295         size_t len = strlen(buffer);
1296         const char * found = strstr(DeoptimizeOnlyAt, buffer);
1297         while (found != nullptr) {
1298           if ((found[len] == ',' || found[len] == '\n' || found[len] == '\0') &&
1299               (found == DeoptimizeOnlyAt || found[-1] == ',' || found[-1] == '\n')) {
1300             // Check that the bci found is bracketed by terminators.
1301             break;
1302           }
1303           found = strstr(found + 1, buffer);
1304         }
1305         if (!found) {
1306           continue;
1307         }
1308       }
1309 
1310       if (DebugDeoptimization && !deopt) {
1311         deopt = true; // One-time only print before deopt
1312         tty->print_cr("[BEFORE Deoptimization]");
1313         trace_frames();
1314         trace_stack();
1315       }
1316       Deoptimization::deoptimize(this, *fst.current());
1317     }
1318   }
1319 
1320   if (DebugDeoptimization && deopt) {
1321     tty->print_cr("[AFTER Deoptimization]");
1322     trace_frames();
1323   }
1324 }
1325 
1326 
1327 // Make zombies
1328 void JavaThread::make_zombies() {
1329   for (StackFrameStream fst(this, true /* update */, true /* process_frames */); !fst.is_done(); fst.next()) {
1330     if (fst.current()->can_be_deoptimized()) {
1331       // it is a Java nmethod
1332       nmethod* nm = CodeCache::find_nmethod(fst.current()->pc());
1333       assert(nm != nullptr, "did not find nmethod");
1334       nm->make_not_entrant(nmethod::InvalidationReason::ZOMBIE);
1335     }
1336   }
1337 }
1338 #endif // PRODUCT
1339 
1340 
1341 void JavaThread::deoptimize_marked_methods() {
1342   if (!has_last_Java_frame()) return;
1343   StackFrameStream fst(this, false /* update */, true /* process_frames */);
1344   for (; !fst.is_done(); fst.next()) {
1345     if (fst.current()->should_be_deoptimized()) {
1346       Deoptimization::deoptimize(this, *fst.current());
1347     }
1348   }
1349 }
1350 
1351 #ifdef ASSERT
1352 void JavaThread::verify_frame_info() {
1353   assert((!has_last_Java_frame() && java_call_counter() == 0) ||
1354          (has_last_Java_frame() && java_call_counter() > 0),
1355          "unexpected frame info: has_last_frame=%s, java_call_counter=%d",
1356          has_last_Java_frame() ? "true" : "false", java_call_counter());
1357 }
1358 #endif
1359 
1360 // Push on a new block of JNI handles.
1361 void JavaThread::push_jni_handle_block() {
1362   // Allocate a new block for JNI handles.
1363   // Inlined code from jni_PushLocalFrame()
1364   JNIHandleBlock* old_handles = active_handles();
1365   JNIHandleBlock* new_handles = JNIHandleBlock::allocate_block(this);
1366   assert(old_handles != nullptr && new_handles != nullptr, "should not be null");
1367   new_handles->set_pop_frame_link(old_handles);  // make sure java handles get gc'd.
1368   set_active_handles(new_handles);
1369 }
1370 
1371 // Pop off the current block of JNI handles.
1372 void JavaThread::pop_jni_handle_block() {
1373   // Release our JNI handle block
1374   JNIHandleBlock* old_handles = active_handles();
1375   JNIHandleBlock* new_handles = old_handles->pop_frame_link();
1376   assert(new_handles != nullptr, "should never set active handles to null");
1377   set_active_handles(new_handles);
1378   old_handles->set_pop_frame_link(nullptr);
1379   JNIHandleBlock::release_block(old_handles, this);
1380 }
1381 
1382 void JavaThread::oops_do_no_frames(OopClosure* f, NMethodClosure* cf) {
1383   // Traverse the GCHandles
1384   Thread::oops_do_no_frames(f, cf);
1385 
1386   if (active_handles() != nullptr) {
1387     active_handles()->oops_do(f);
1388   }
1389 
1390   DEBUG_ONLY(verify_frame_info();)
1391 
1392   assert(vframe_array_head() == nullptr, "deopt in progress at a safepoint!");
1393   // If we have deferred set_locals there might be oops waiting to be
1394   // written
1395   GrowableArray<jvmtiDeferredLocalVariableSet*>* list = JvmtiDeferredUpdates::deferred_locals(this);
1396   if (list != nullptr) {
1397     for (int i = 0; i < list->length(); i++) {
1398       list->at(i)->oops_do(f);
1399     }
1400   }
1401 
1402   // Traverse instance variables at the end since the GC may be moving things
1403   // around using this function
1404   f->do_oop((oop*) &_vm_result_oop);
1405   f->do_oop((oop*) &_exception_oop);
1406 #if INCLUDE_JVMCI
1407   f->do_oop((oop*) &_jvmci_reserved_oop0);
1408 
1409   if (_live_nmethod != nullptr && cf != nullptr) {
1410     cf->do_nmethod(_live_nmethod);
1411   }
1412 #endif
1413 
1414   if (jvmti_thread_state() != nullptr) {
1415     jvmti_thread_state()->oops_do(f, cf);
1416   }
1417 
1418   // The continuation oops are really on the stack. But there is typically at most
1419   // one of those per thread, so we handle them here in the oops_do_no_frames part
1420   // so that we don't have to sprinkle as many stack watermark checks where these
1421   // oops are used. We just need to make sure the thread has started processing.
1422   ContinuationEntry* entry = _cont_entry;
1423   while (entry != nullptr) {
1424     f->do_oop((oop*)entry->cont_addr());
1425     f->do_oop((oop*)entry->chunk_addr());
1426     entry = entry->parent();
1427   }
1428 
1429   // Due to fast locking
1430   lock_stack().oops_do(f);
1431 }
1432 
1433 void JavaThread::oops_do_frames(OopClosure* f, NMethodClosure* cf) {
1434   if (!has_last_Java_frame()) {
1435     return;
1436   }
1437   // Finish any pending lazy GC activity for the frames
1438   StackWatermarkSet::finish_processing(this, nullptr /* context */, StackWatermarkKind::gc);
1439   // Traverse the execution stack
1440   for (StackFrameStream fst(this, true /* update */, false /* process_frames */); !fst.is_done(); fst.next()) {
1441     fst.current()->oops_do(f, cf, fst.register_map());
1442   }
1443 }
1444 
1445 #ifdef ASSERT
1446 void JavaThread::verify_states_for_handshake() {
1447   // This checks that the thread has a correct frame state during a handshake.
1448   verify_frame_info();
1449 }
1450 #endif
1451 
1452 void JavaThread::nmethods_do(NMethodClosure* cf) {
1453   DEBUG_ONLY(verify_frame_info();)
1454   MACOS_AARCH64_ONLY(ThreadWXEnable wx(WXWrite, Thread::current());)
1455 
1456   if (has_last_Java_frame()) {
1457     // Traverse the execution stack
1458     for (StackFrameStream fst(this, true /* update */, true /* process_frames */); !fst.is_done(); fst.next()) {
1459       fst.current()->nmethod_do(cf);
1460     }
1461   }
1462 
1463   if (jvmti_thread_state() != nullptr) {
1464     jvmti_thread_state()->nmethods_do(cf);
1465   }
1466 
1467 #if INCLUDE_JVMCI
1468   if (_live_nmethod != nullptr) {
1469     cf->do_nmethod(_live_nmethod);
1470   }
1471 #endif
1472 }
1473 
1474 void JavaThread::metadata_do(MetadataClosure* f) {
1475   if (has_last_Java_frame()) {
1476     // Traverse the execution stack to call f() on the methods in the stack
1477     for (StackFrameStream fst(this, true /* update */, true /* process_frames */); !fst.is_done(); fst.next()) {
1478       fst.current()->metadata_do(f);
1479     }
1480   } else if (is_Compiler_thread()) {
1481     // need to walk ciMetadata in current compile tasks to keep alive.
1482     CompilerThread* ct = (CompilerThread*)this;
1483     if (ct->env() != nullptr) {
1484       ct->env()->metadata_do(f);
1485     }
1486     CompileTask* task = ct->task();
1487     if (task != nullptr) {
1488       task->metadata_do(f);
1489     }
1490   }
1491 }
1492 
1493 // Printing
1494 static const char* _get_thread_state_name(JavaThreadState _thread_state) {
1495   switch (_thread_state) {
1496   case _thread_uninitialized:     return "_thread_uninitialized";
1497   case _thread_new:               return "_thread_new";
1498   case _thread_new_trans:         return "_thread_new_trans";
1499   case _thread_in_native:         return "_thread_in_native";
1500   case _thread_in_native_trans:   return "_thread_in_native_trans";
1501   case _thread_in_vm:             return "_thread_in_vm";
1502   case _thread_in_vm_trans:       return "_thread_in_vm_trans";
1503   case _thread_in_Java:           return "_thread_in_Java";
1504   case _thread_in_Java_trans:     return "_thread_in_Java_trans";
1505   case _thread_blocked:           return "_thread_blocked";
1506   case _thread_blocked_trans:     return "_thread_blocked_trans";
1507   default:                        return "unknown thread state";
1508   }
1509 }
1510 
1511 void JavaThread::print_thread_state_on(outputStream *st) const {
1512   st->print_cr("   JavaThread state: %s", _get_thread_state_name(_thread_state));
1513 }
1514 
1515 // Called by Threads::print() for VM_PrintThreads operation
1516 void JavaThread::print_on(outputStream *st, bool print_extended_info) const {
1517   st->print_raw("\"");
1518   st->print_raw(name());
1519   st->print_raw("\" ");
1520   oop thread_oop = threadObj();
1521   if (thread_oop != nullptr) {
1522     st->print("#" INT64_FORMAT " [%ld] ", (int64_t)java_lang_Thread::thread_id(thread_oop), (long) osthread()->thread_id());
1523     if (java_lang_Thread::is_daemon(thread_oop))  st->print("daemon ");
1524     st->print("prio=%d ", java_lang_Thread::priority(thread_oop));
1525   }
1526   Thread::print_on(st, print_extended_info);
1527   // print guess for valid stack memory region (assume 4K pages); helps lock debugging
1528   st->print_cr("[" INTPTR_FORMAT "]", (intptr_t)last_Java_sp() & ~right_n_bits(12));
1529   if (thread_oop != nullptr) {
1530     if (is_vthread_mounted()) {
1531       st->print_cr("   Carrying virtual thread #" INT64_FORMAT, java_lang_Thread::thread_id(vthread()));
1532     } else {
1533       st->print_cr("   java.lang.Thread.State: %s", java_lang_Thread::thread_status_name(thread_oop));
1534     }
1535   }
1536 #ifndef PRODUCT
1537   _safepoint_state->print_on(st);
1538 #endif // PRODUCT
1539   if (is_Compiler_thread()) {
1540     CompileTask *task = ((CompilerThread*)this)->task();
1541     if (task != nullptr) {
1542       st->print("   Compiling: ");
1543       task->print(st, nullptr, true, false);
1544     } else {
1545       st->print("   No compile task");
1546     }
1547     st->cr();
1548   }
1549 }
1550 
1551 void JavaThread::print() const { print_on(tty); }
1552 
1553 void JavaThread::print_name_on_error(outputStream* st, char *buf, int buflen) const {
1554   st->print("%s", get_thread_name_string(buf, buflen));
1555 }
1556 
1557 // Called by fatal error handler. The difference between this and
1558 // JavaThread::print() is that we can't grab lock or allocate memory.
1559 void JavaThread::print_on_error(outputStream* st, char *buf, int buflen) const {
1560   st->print("%s \"%s\"", type_name(), get_thread_name_string(buf, buflen));
1561   Thread* current = Thread::current_or_null_safe();
1562   assert(current != nullptr, "cannot be called by a detached thread");
1563   st->fill_to(60);
1564   if (!current->is_Java_thread() || JavaThread::cast(current)->is_oop_safe()) {
1565     // Only access threadObj() if current thread is not a JavaThread
1566     // or if it is a JavaThread that can safely access oops.
1567     oop thread_obj = threadObj();
1568     if (thread_obj != nullptr) {
1569       st->print(java_lang_Thread::is_daemon(thread_obj) ? " daemon" : "       ");
1570     }
1571   }
1572   st->print(" [");
1573   st->print("%s", _get_thread_state_name(_thread_state));
1574   if (osthread()) {
1575     st->print(", id=%d", osthread()->thread_id());
1576   }
1577   // Use raw field members for stack base/size as this could be
1578   // called before a thread has run enough to initialize them.
1579   st->print(", stack(" PTR_FORMAT "," PTR_FORMAT ") (" PROPERFMT ")",
1580             p2i(_stack_base - _stack_size), p2i(_stack_base),
1581             PROPERFMTARGS(_stack_size));
1582   st->print("]");
1583 
1584   ThreadsSMRSupport::print_info_on(this, st);
1585   return;
1586 }
1587 
1588 
1589 // Verification
1590 
1591 void JavaThread::frames_do(void f(frame*, const RegisterMap* map)) {
1592   // ignore if there is no stack
1593   if (!has_last_Java_frame()) return;
1594   // traverse the stack frames. Starts from top frame.
1595   for (StackFrameStream fst(this, true /* update_map */, true /* process_frames */, false /* walk_cont */); !fst.is_done(); fst.next()) {
1596     frame* fr = fst.current();
1597     f(fr, fst.register_map());
1598   }
1599 }
1600 
1601 static void frame_verify(frame* f, const RegisterMap *map) { f->verify(map); }
1602 
1603 void JavaThread::verify() {
1604   // Verify oops in the thread.
1605   oops_do(&VerifyOopClosure::verify_oop, nullptr);
1606 
1607   // Verify the stack frames.
1608   frames_do(frame_verify);
1609 }
1610 
1611 // CR 6300358 (sub-CR 2137150)
1612 // Most callers of this method assume that it can't return null but a
1613 // thread may not have a name whilst it is in the process of attaching to
1614 // the VM - see CR 6412693, and there are places where a JavaThread can be
1615 // seen prior to having its threadObj set (e.g., JNI attaching threads and
1616 // if vm exit occurs during initialization). These cases can all be accounted
1617 // for such that this method never returns null.
1618 const char* JavaThread::name() const  {
1619   if (Thread::is_JavaThread_protected(/* target */ this)) {
1620     // The target JavaThread is protected so get_thread_name_string() is safe:
1621     return get_thread_name_string();
1622   }
1623 
1624   // The target JavaThread is not protected so we return the default:
1625   return Thread::name();
1626 }
1627 
1628 // Like name() but doesn't include the protection check. This must only be
1629 // called when it is known to be safe, even though the protection check can't tell
1630 // that e.g. when this thread is the init_thread() - see instanceKlass.cpp.
1631 const char* JavaThread::name_raw() const  {
1632   return get_thread_name_string();
1633 }
1634 
1635 // Returns a non-null representation of this thread's name, or a suitable
1636 // descriptive string if there is no set name.
1637 const char* JavaThread::get_thread_name_string(char* buf, int buflen) const {
1638   const char* name_str;
1639 #ifdef ASSERT
1640   Thread* current = Thread::current_or_null_safe();
1641   assert(current != nullptr, "cannot be called by a detached thread");
1642   if (!current->is_Java_thread() || JavaThread::cast(current)->is_oop_safe()) {
1643     // Only access threadObj() if current thread is not a JavaThread
1644     // or if it is a JavaThread that can safely access oops.
1645 #endif
1646     oop thread_obj = threadObj();
1647     if (thread_obj != nullptr) {
1648       oop name = java_lang_Thread::name(thread_obj);
1649       if (name != nullptr) {
1650         if (buf == nullptr) {
1651           name_str = java_lang_String::as_utf8_string(name);
1652         } else {
1653           name_str = java_lang_String::as_utf8_string(name, buf, buflen);
1654         }
1655       } else if (is_attaching_via_jni()) { // workaround for 6412693 - see 6404306
1656         name_str = "<no-name - thread is attaching>";
1657       } else {
1658         name_str = "<un-named>";
1659       }
1660     } else {
1661       name_str = Thread::name();
1662     }
1663 #ifdef ASSERT
1664   } else {
1665     // Current JavaThread has exited...
1666     if (current == this) {
1667       // ... and is asking about itself:
1668       name_str = "<no-name - current JavaThread has exited>";
1669     } else {
1670       // ... and it can't safely determine this JavaThread's name so
1671       // use the default thread name.
1672       name_str = Thread::name();
1673     }
1674   }
1675 #endif
1676   assert(name_str != nullptr, "unexpected null thread name");
1677   return name_str;
1678 }
1679 
1680 // Helper to extract the name from the thread oop for logging.
1681 const char* JavaThread::name_for(oop thread_obj) {
1682   assert(thread_obj != nullptr, "precondition");
1683   oop name = java_lang_Thread::name(thread_obj);
1684   const char* name_str;
1685   if (name != nullptr) {
1686     name_str = java_lang_String::as_utf8_string(name);
1687   } else {
1688     name_str = "<un-named>";
1689   }
1690   return name_str;
1691 }
1692 
1693 void JavaThread::prepare(jobject jni_thread, ThreadPriority prio) {
1694 
1695   assert(Threads_lock->owner() == Thread::current(), "must have threads lock");
1696   assert(NoPriority <= prio && prio <= MaxPriority, "sanity check");
1697   // Link Java Thread object <-> C++ Thread
1698 
1699   // Get the C++ thread object (an oop) from the JNI handle (a jthread)
1700   // and put it into a new Handle.  The Handle "thread_oop" can then
1701   // be used to pass the C++ thread object to other methods.
1702 
1703   // Set the Java level thread object (jthread) field of the
1704   // new thread (a JavaThread *) to C++ thread object using the
1705   // "thread_oop" handle.
1706 
1707   // Set the thread field (a JavaThread *) of the
1708   // oop representing the java_lang_Thread to the new thread (a JavaThread *).
1709 
1710   Handle thread_oop(Thread::current(),
1711                     JNIHandles::resolve_non_null(jni_thread));
1712   assert(InstanceKlass::cast(thread_oop->klass())->is_linked(),
1713          "must be initialized");
1714   set_threadOopHandles(thread_oop());
1715   set_monitor_owner_id(java_lang_Thread::thread_id(thread_oop()));
1716 
1717   if (prio == NoPriority) {
1718     prio = java_lang_Thread::priority(thread_oop());
1719     assert(prio != NoPriority, "A valid priority should be present");
1720   }
1721 
1722   // Push the Java priority down to the native thread; needs Threads_lock
1723   Thread::set_priority(this, prio);
1724 
1725   // Add the new thread to the Threads list and set it in motion.
1726   // We must have threads lock in order to call Threads::add.
1727   // It is crucial that we do not block before the thread is
1728   // added to the Threads list for if a GC happens, then the java_thread oop
1729   // will not be visited by GC.
1730   Threads::add(this);
1731   // Publish the JavaThread* in java.lang.Thread after the JavaThread* is
1732   // on a ThreadsList. We don't want to wait for the release when the
1733   // Theads_lock is dropped somewhere in the caller since the JavaThread*
1734   // is already visible to JVM/TI via the ThreadsList.
1735   java_lang_Thread::release_set_thread(thread_oop(), this);
1736 }
1737 
1738 oop JavaThread::current_park_blocker() {
1739   // Support for JSR-166 locks
1740   oop thread_oop = threadObj();
1741   if (thread_oop != nullptr) {
1742     return java_lang_Thread::park_blocker(thread_oop);
1743   }
1744   return nullptr;
1745 }
1746 
1747 // Print current stack trace for checked JNI warnings and JNI fatal errors.
1748 // This is the external format, selecting the platform or vthread
1749 // as applicable, and allowing for a native-only stack.
1750 void JavaThread::print_jni_stack() {
1751   assert(this == JavaThread::current(), "Can't print stack of other threads");
1752   if (!has_last_Java_frame()) {
1753     ResourceMark rm(this);
1754     char* buf = NEW_RESOURCE_ARRAY_RETURN_NULL(char, O_BUFLEN);
1755     if (buf == nullptr) {
1756       tty->print_cr("Unable to print native stack - out of memory");
1757       return;
1758     }
1759     NativeStackPrinter nsp(this);
1760     address lastpc = nullptr;
1761     nsp.print_stack(tty, buf, O_BUFLEN, lastpc,
1762                     true /*print_source_info */, -1 /* max stack */ );
1763   } else {
1764     print_active_stack_on(tty);
1765   }
1766 }
1767 
1768 void JavaThread::print_stack_on(outputStream* st) {
1769   if (!has_last_Java_frame()) return;
1770 
1771   Thread* current_thread = Thread::current();
1772   ResourceMark rm(current_thread);
1773   HandleMark hm(current_thread);
1774 
1775   RegisterMap reg_map(this,
1776                       RegisterMap::UpdateMap::include,
1777                       RegisterMap::ProcessFrames::include,
1778                       RegisterMap::WalkContinuation::skip);
1779   vframe* start_vf = platform_thread_last_java_vframe(&reg_map);
1780   int count = 0;
1781   for (vframe* f = start_vf; f != nullptr; f = f->sender()) {
1782     if (f->is_java_frame()) {
1783       javaVFrame* jvf = javaVFrame::cast(f);
1784       java_lang_Throwable::print_stack_element(st, jvf->method(), jvf->bci());
1785 
1786       // Print out lock information
1787       if (JavaMonitorsInStackTrace) {
1788         jvf->print_lock_info_on(st, false/*is_virtual*/, count);
1789       }
1790     } else {
1791       // Ignore non-Java frames
1792     }
1793 
1794     // Bail-out case for too deep stacks if MaxJavaStackTraceDepth > 0
1795     count++;
1796     if (MaxJavaStackTraceDepth > 0 && MaxJavaStackTraceDepth == count) return;
1797   }
1798 }
1799 
1800 void JavaThread::print_vthread_stack_on(outputStream* st) {
1801   assert(is_vthread_mounted(), "Caller should have checked this");
1802   assert(has_last_Java_frame(), "must be");
1803 
1804   Thread* current_thread = Thread::current();
1805   ResourceMark rm(current_thread);
1806   HandleMark hm(current_thread);
1807 
1808   RegisterMap reg_map(this,
1809                       RegisterMap::UpdateMap::include,
1810                       RegisterMap::ProcessFrames::include,
1811                       RegisterMap::WalkContinuation::include);
1812   ContinuationEntry* cont_entry = last_continuation();
1813   vframe* start_vf = last_java_vframe(&reg_map);
1814   int count = 0;
1815   for (vframe* f = start_vf; f != nullptr; f = f->sender()) {
1816     // Watch for end of vthread stack
1817     if (Continuation::is_continuation_enterSpecial(f->fr())) {
1818       assert(cont_entry == Continuation::get_continuation_entry_for_entry_frame(this, f->fr()), "");
1819       if (cont_entry->is_virtual_thread()) {
1820         break;
1821       }
1822       cont_entry = cont_entry->parent();
1823     }
1824     if (f->is_java_frame()) {
1825       javaVFrame* jvf = javaVFrame::cast(f);
1826       java_lang_Throwable::print_stack_element(st, jvf->method(), jvf->bci());
1827 
1828       // Print out lock information
1829       if (JavaMonitorsInStackTrace) {
1830         jvf->print_lock_info_on(st, true/*is_virtual*/, count);
1831       }
1832     } else {
1833       // Ignore non-Java frames
1834     }
1835 
1836     // Bail-out case for too deep stacks if MaxJavaStackTraceDepth > 0
1837     count++;
1838     if (MaxJavaStackTraceDepth > 0 && MaxJavaStackTraceDepth == count) return;
1839   }
1840 }
1841 
1842 void JavaThread::print_active_stack_on(outputStream* st) {
1843   if (is_vthread_mounted()) {
1844     print_vthread_stack_on(st);
1845   } else {
1846     print_stack_on(st);
1847   }
1848 }
1849 
1850 #if INCLUDE_JVMTI
1851 // Rebind JVMTI thread state from carrier to virtual or from virtual to carrier.
1852 JvmtiThreadState* JavaThread::rebind_to_jvmti_thread_state_of(oop thread_oop) {
1853   set_jvmti_vthread(thread_oop);
1854 
1855   // unbind current JvmtiThreadState from JavaThread
1856   JvmtiThreadState::unbind_from(jvmti_thread_state(), this);
1857 
1858   // bind new JvmtiThreadState to JavaThread
1859   JvmtiThreadState::bind_to(java_lang_Thread::jvmti_thread_state(thread_oop), this);
1860 
1861   // enable interp_only_mode for virtual or carrier thread if it has pending bit
1862   JvmtiThreadState::process_pending_interp_only(this);
1863 
1864   return jvmti_thread_state();
1865 }
1866 #endif
1867 
1868 // JVMTI PopFrame support
1869 void JavaThread::popframe_preserve_args(ByteSize size_in_bytes, void* start) {
1870   assert(_popframe_preserved_args == nullptr, "should not wipe out old PopFrame preserved arguments");
1871   if (in_bytes(size_in_bytes) != 0) {
1872     _popframe_preserved_args = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, in_bytes(size_in_bytes), mtThread);
1873     _popframe_preserved_args_size = in_bytes(size_in_bytes);
1874     Copy::conjoint_jbytes(start, _popframe_preserved_args, _popframe_preserved_args_size);
1875   }
1876 }
1877 
1878 void* JavaThread::popframe_preserved_args() {
1879   return _popframe_preserved_args;
1880 }
1881 
1882 ByteSize JavaThread::popframe_preserved_args_size() {
1883   return in_ByteSize(_popframe_preserved_args_size);
1884 }
1885 
1886 WordSize JavaThread::popframe_preserved_args_size_in_words() {
1887   int sz = in_bytes(popframe_preserved_args_size());
1888   assert(sz % wordSize == 0, "argument size must be multiple of wordSize");
1889   return in_WordSize(sz / wordSize);
1890 }
1891 
1892 void JavaThread::popframe_free_preserved_args() {
1893   assert(_popframe_preserved_args != nullptr, "should not free PopFrame preserved arguments twice");
1894   FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, (char*)_popframe_preserved_args);
1895   _popframe_preserved_args = nullptr;
1896   _popframe_preserved_args_size = 0;
1897 }
1898 
1899 #ifndef PRODUCT
1900 
1901 void JavaThread::trace_frames() {
1902   tty->print_cr("[Describe stack]");
1903   int frame_no = 1;
1904   for (StackFrameStream fst(this, true /* update */, true /* process_frames */); !fst.is_done(); fst.next()) {
1905     tty->print("  %d. ", frame_no++);
1906     fst.current()->print_value_on(tty);
1907     tty->cr();
1908   }
1909 }
1910 
1911 class PrintAndVerifyOopClosure: public OopClosure {
1912  protected:
1913   template <class T> inline void do_oop_work(T* p) {
1914     oop obj = RawAccess<>::oop_load(p);
1915     if (obj == nullptr) return;
1916     tty->print(INTPTR_FORMAT ": ", p2i(p));
1917     if (oopDesc::is_oop_or_null(obj)) {
1918       if (obj->is_objArray()) {
1919         tty->print_cr("valid objArray: " INTPTR_FORMAT, p2i(obj));
1920       } else {
1921         obj->print();
1922       }
1923     } else {
1924       tty->print_cr("invalid oop: " INTPTR_FORMAT, p2i(obj));
1925     }
1926     tty->cr();
1927   }
1928  public:
1929   virtual void do_oop(oop* p) { do_oop_work(p); }
1930   virtual void do_oop(narrowOop* p)  { do_oop_work(p); }
1931 };
1932 
1933 #ifdef ASSERT
1934 // Print or validate the layout of stack frames
1935 void JavaThread::print_frame_layout(int depth, bool validate_only) {
1936   ResourceMark rm;
1937   PreserveExceptionMark pm(this);
1938   FrameValues values;
1939   int frame_no = 0;
1940   for (StackFrameStream fst(this, true, true, true); !fst.is_done(); fst.next()) {
1941     fst.current()->describe(values, ++frame_no, fst.register_map());
1942     if (depth == frame_no) break;
1943   }
1944   Continuation::describe(values);
1945   if (validate_only) {
1946     values.validate();
1947   } else {
1948     tty->print_cr("[Describe stack layout]");
1949     values.print(this);
1950   }
1951 }
1952 #endif
1953 
1954 void JavaThread::trace_stack_from(vframe* start_vf) {
1955   ResourceMark rm;
1956   int vframe_no = 1;
1957   for (vframe* f = start_vf; f; f = f->sender()) {
1958     if (f->is_java_frame()) {
1959       javaVFrame::cast(f)->print_activation(vframe_no++);
1960     } else {
1961       f->print();
1962     }
1963     if (vframe_no > StackPrintLimit) {
1964       tty->print_cr("...<more frames>...");
1965       return;
1966     }
1967   }
1968 }
1969 
1970 
1971 void JavaThread::trace_stack() {
1972   if (!has_last_Java_frame()) return;
1973   Thread* current_thread = Thread::current();
1974   ResourceMark rm(current_thread);
1975   HandleMark hm(current_thread);
1976   RegisterMap reg_map(this,
1977                       RegisterMap::UpdateMap::include,
1978                       RegisterMap::ProcessFrames::include,
1979                       RegisterMap::WalkContinuation::skip);
1980   trace_stack_from(last_java_vframe(&reg_map));
1981 }
1982 
1983 
1984 #endif // PRODUCT
1985 
1986 frame JavaThread::vthread_last_frame() {
1987   assert (is_vthread_mounted(), "Virtual thread not mounted");
1988   return last_frame();
1989 }
1990 
1991 frame JavaThread::carrier_last_frame(RegisterMap* reg_map) {
1992   const ContinuationEntry* entry = vthread_continuation();
1993   guarantee (entry != nullptr, "Not a carrier thread");
1994   frame f = entry->to_frame();
1995   if (reg_map->process_frames()) {
1996     entry->flush_stack_processing(this);
1997   }
1998   entry->update_register_map(reg_map);
1999   return f.sender(reg_map);
2000 }
2001 
2002 frame JavaThread::platform_thread_last_frame(RegisterMap* reg_map) {
2003   return is_vthread_mounted() ? carrier_last_frame(reg_map) : last_frame();
2004 }
2005 
2006 javaVFrame* JavaThread::last_java_vframe(const frame f, RegisterMap *reg_map) {
2007   assert(reg_map != nullptr, "a map must be given");
2008   for (vframe* vf = vframe::new_vframe(&f, reg_map, this); vf; vf = vf->sender()) {
2009     if (vf->is_java_frame()) return javaVFrame::cast(vf);
2010   }
2011   return nullptr;
2012 }
2013 
2014 Klass* JavaThread::security_get_caller_class(int depth) {
2015   ResetNoHandleMark rnhm;
2016   HandleMark hm(Thread::current());
2017 
2018   vframeStream vfst(this);
2019   vfst.security_get_caller_frame(depth);
2020   if (!vfst.at_end()) {
2021     return vfst.method()->method_holder();
2022   }
2023   return nullptr;
2024 }
2025 
2026 // Internal convenience function for millisecond resolution sleeps.
2027 bool JavaThread::sleep(jlong millis) {
2028   jlong nanos;
2029   if (millis > max_jlong / NANOUNITS_PER_MILLIUNIT) {
2030     // Conversion to nanos would overflow, saturate at max
2031     nanos = max_jlong;
2032   } else {
2033     nanos = millis * NANOUNITS_PER_MILLIUNIT;
2034   }
2035   return sleep_nanos(nanos);
2036 }
2037 
2038 // java.lang.Thread.sleep support
2039 // Returns true if sleep time elapsed as expected, and false
2040 // if the thread was interrupted or async exception was installed.
2041 bool JavaThread::sleep_nanos(jlong nanos) {
2042   assert(this == Thread::current(),  "thread consistency check");
2043   assert(nanos >= 0, "nanos are in range");
2044 
2045   ParkEvent * const slp = this->_SleepEvent;
2046   // Because there can be races with thread interruption sending an unpark()
2047   // to the event, we explicitly reset it here to avoid an immediate return.
2048   // The actual interrupt state will be checked before we park().
2049   slp->reset();
2050   // Thread interruption establishes a happens-before ordering in the
2051   // Java Memory Model, so we need to ensure we synchronize with the
2052   // interrupt state.
2053   OrderAccess::fence();
2054 
2055   jlong prevtime = os::javaTimeNanos();
2056 
2057   jlong nanos_remaining = nanos;
2058 
2059   for (;;) {
2060     if (has_async_exception_condition()) {
2061       return false;
2062     }
2063     // interruption has precedence over timing out
2064     if (this->is_interrupted(true)) {
2065       return false;
2066     }
2067 
2068     if (nanos_remaining <= 0) {
2069       return true;
2070     }
2071 
2072     {
2073       ThreadBlockInVM tbivm(this);
2074       OSThreadWaitState osts(this->osthread(), false /* not Object.wait() */);
2075       slp->park_nanos(nanos_remaining);
2076     }
2077 
2078     // Update elapsed time tracking
2079     jlong newtime = os::javaTimeNanos();
2080     if (newtime - prevtime < 0) {
2081       // time moving backwards, should only happen if no monotonic clock
2082       // not a guarantee() because JVM should not abort on kernel/glibc bugs
2083       assert(false,
2084              "unexpected time moving backwards detected in JavaThread::sleep()");
2085     } else {
2086       nanos_remaining -= (newtime - prevtime);
2087     }
2088     prevtime = newtime;
2089   }
2090 }
2091 
2092 // Last thread running calls java.lang.Shutdown.shutdown()
2093 void JavaThread::invoke_shutdown_hooks() {
2094   HandleMark hm(this);
2095 
2096   // We could get here with a pending exception, if so clear it now.
2097   if (this->has_pending_exception()) {
2098     this->clear_pending_exception();
2099   }
2100 
2101   EXCEPTION_MARK;
2102   Klass* shutdown_klass =
2103     SystemDictionary::resolve_or_null(vmSymbols::java_lang_Shutdown(),
2104                                       THREAD);
2105   if (shutdown_klass != nullptr) {
2106     // SystemDictionary::resolve_or_null will return null if there was
2107     // an exception.  If we cannot load the Shutdown class, just don't
2108     // call Shutdown.shutdown() at all.  This will mean the shutdown hooks
2109     // won't be run.  Note that if a shutdown hook was registered,
2110     // the Shutdown class would have already been loaded
2111     // (Runtime.addShutdownHook will load it).
2112     JavaValue result(T_VOID);
2113     JavaCalls::call_static(&result,
2114                            shutdown_klass,
2115                            vmSymbols::shutdown_name(),
2116                            vmSymbols::void_method_signature(),
2117                            THREAD);
2118   }
2119   CLEAR_PENDING_EXCEPTION;
2120 }
2121 
2122 #ifndef PRODUCT
2123 void JavaThread::verify_cross_modify_fence_failure(JavaThread *thread) {
2124    report_vm_error(__FILE__, __LINE__, "Cross modify fence failure", "%p", thread);
2125 }
2126 #endif
2127 
2128 // Helper function to create the java.lang.Thread object for a
2129 // VM-internal thread. The thread will have the given name, and be
2130 // a member of the "system" ThreadGroup.
2131 Handle JavaThread::create_system_thread_object(const char* name, TRAPS) {
2132   Handle string = java_lang_String::create_from_str(name, CHECK_NH);
2133 
2134   // Initialize thread_oop to put it into the system threadGroup.
2135   // This is done by calling the Thread(ThreadGroup group, String name) constructor.
2136   Handle thread_group(THREAD, Universe::system_thread_group());
2137   Handle thread_oop =
2138     JavaCalls::construct_new_instance(vmClasses::Thread_klass(),
2139                                       vmSymbols::threadgroup_string_void_signature(),
2140                                       thread_group,
2141                                       string,
2142                                       CHECK_NH);
2143 
2144   return thread_oop;
2145 }
2146 
2147 // Starts the target JavaThread as a daemon of the given priority, and
2148 // bound to the given java.lang.Thread instance.
2149 // The Threads_lock is held for the duration.
2150 void JavaThread::start_internal_daemon(JavaThread* current, JavaThread* target,
2151                                        Handle thread_oop, ThreadPriority prio) {
2152 
2153   assert(target->osthread() != nullptr, "target thread is not properly initialized");
2154 
2155   MutexLocker mu(current, Threads_lock);
2156 
2157   // Initialize the fields of the thread_oop first.
2158   if (prio != NoPriority) {
2159     java_lang_Thread::set_priority(thread_oop(), prio);
2160     // Note: we don't call os::set_priority here. Possibly we should,
2161     // else all threads should call it themselves when they first run.
2162   }
2163 
2164   java_lang_Thread::set_daemon(thread_oop());
2165 
2166   // Now bind the thread_oop to the target JavaThread.
2167   target->set_threadOopHandles(thread_oop());
2168   target->set_monitor_owner_id(java_lang_Thread::thread_id(thread_oop()));
2169 
2170   Threads::add(target); // target is now visible for safepoint/handshake
2171   // Publish the JavaThread* in java.lang.Thread after the JavaThread* is
2172   // on a ThreadsList. We don't want to wait for the release when the
2173   // Theads_lock is dropped when the 'mu' destructor is run since the
2174   // JavaThread* is already visible to JVM/TI via the ThreadsList.
2175 
2176   assert(java_lang_Thread::thread(thread_oop()) == nullptr, "must not be alive");
2177   java_lang_Thread::release_set_thread(thread_oop(), target); // isAlive == true now
2178   Thread::start(target);
2179 }
2180 
2181 void JavaThread::vm_exit_on_osthread_failure(JavaThread* thread) {
2182   // At this point it may be possible that no osthread was created for the
2183   // JavaThread due to lack of resources. However, since this must work
2184   // for critical system threads just check and abort if this fails.
2185   if (thread->osthread() == nullptr) {
2186     // This isn't really an OOM condition, but historically this is what
2187     // we report.
2188     vm_exit_during_initialization("java.lang.OutOfMemoryError",
2189                                   os::native_thread_creation_failed_msg());
2190   }
2191 }
2192 
2193 void JavaThread::pretouch_stack() {
2194   // Given an established java thread stack with usable area followed by
2195   // shadow zone and reserved/yellow/red zone, pretouch the usable area ranging
2196   // from the current frame down to the start of the shadow zone.
2197   const address end = _stack_overflow_state.shadow_zone_safe_limit();
2198   if (is_in_full_stack(end)) {
2199     char* p1 = (char*) alloca(1);
2200     address here = (address) &p1;
2201     if (is_in_full_stack(here) && here > end) {
2202       size_t to_alloc = here - end;
2203       char* p2 = (char*) alloca(to_alloc);
2204       log_trace(os, thread)("Pretouching thread stack for %zu: " RANGEFMT ".",
2205                             (uintx) osthread()->thread_id(), RANGEFMTARGS(p2, to_alloc));
2206       os::pretouch_memory(p2, p2 + to_alloc,
2207                           NOT_AIX(os::vm_page_size()) AIX_ONLY(4096));
2208     }
2209   }
2210 }
2211 
2212 // Deferred OopHandle release support.
2213 
2214 class OopHandleList : public CHeapObj<mtInternal> {
2215   static const int _count = 4;
2216   OopHandle _handles[_count];
2217   OopHandleList* _next;
2218   int _index;
2219  public:
2220   OopHandleList(OopHandleList* next) : _next(next), _index(0) {}
2221   void add(OopHandle h) {
2222     assert(_index < _count, "too many additions");
2223     _handles[_index++] = h;
2224   }
2225   ~OopHandleList() {
2226     assert(_index == _count, "usage error");
2227     for (int i = 0; i < _index; i++) {
2228       _handles[i].release(JavaThread::thread_oop_storage());
2229     }
2230   }
2231   OopHandleList* next() const { return _next; }
2232 };
2233 
2234 OopHandleList* JavaThread::_oop_handle_list = nullptr;
2235 
2236 // Called by the ServiceThread to do the work of releasing
2237 // the OopHandles.
2238 void JavaThread::release_oop_handles() {
2239   OopHandleList* list;
2240   {
2241     MutexLocker ml(Service_lock, Mutex::_no_safepoint_check_flag);
2242     list = _oop_handle_list;
2243     _oop_handle_list = nullptr;
2244   }
2245   assert(!SafepointSynchronize::is_at_safepoint(), "cannot be called at a safepoint");
2246 
2247   while (list != nullptr) {
2248     OopHandleList* l = list;
2249     list = l->next();
2250     delete l;
2251   }
2252 }
2253 
2254 // Add our OopHandles for later release.
2255 void JavaThread::add_oop_handles_for_release() {
2256   MutexLocker ml(Service_lock, Mutex::_no_safepoint_check_flag);
2257   OopHandleList* new_head = new OopHandleList(_oop_handle_list);
2258   new_head->add(_threadObj);
2259   new_head->add(_vthread);
2260   new_head->add(_jvmti_vthread);
2261   new_head->add(_scopedValueCache);
2262   _oop_handle_list = new_head;
2263   Service_lock->notify_all();
2264 }
2265 
2266 #if INCLUDE_JFR
2267 void JavaThread::set_last_freeze_fail_result(freeze_result result) {
2268   assert(result != freeze_ok, "sanity check");
2269   _last_freeze_fail_result = result;
2270   _last_freeze_fail_time = Ticks::now();
2271 }
2272 
2273 // Post jdk.VirtualThreadPinned event
2274 void JavaThread::post_vthread_pinned_event(EventVirtualThreadPinned* event, const char* op, freeze_result result) {
2275   assert(result != freeze_ok, "sanity check");
2276   if (event->should_commit()) {
2277     char reason[256];
2278     if (class_to_be_initialized() != nullptr) {
2279       ResourceMark rm(this);
2280       jio_snprintf(reason, sizeof reason, "Waited for initialization of %s by another thread",
2281                    class_to_be_initialized()->external_name());
2282       event->set_pinnedReason(reason);
2283     } else if (class_being_initialized() != nullptr) {
2284       ResourceMark rm(this);
2285       jio_snprintf(reason, sizeof(reason), "VM call to %s.<clinit> on stack",
2286                    class_being_initialized()->external_name());
2287       event->set_pinnedReason(reason);
2288     } else if (result == freeze_pinned_native) {
2289       event->set_pinnedReason("Native or VM frame on stack");
2290     } else {
2291       jio_snprintf(reason, sizeof(reason), "Freeze or preempt failed (%d)", result);
2292       event->set_pinnedReason(reason);
2293     }
2294     event->set_blockingOperation(op);
2295     event->set_carrierThread(JFR_JVM_THREAD_ID(this));
2296     event->commit();
2297   }
2298 }
2299 #endif