1 /*
   2  * Copyright (c) 2018, 2021, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
   3  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
   4  *
   5  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
   6  * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
   7  * published by the Free Software Foundation.
   8  *
   9  * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
  10  * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
  11  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
  12  * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
  13  * accompanied this code).
  14  *
  15  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
  16  * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
  17  * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
  18  *
  19  * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
  20  * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
  21  * questions.
  22  *
  23  */
  24 
  25 #include "precompiled.hpp"
  26 #include "cds/archiveBuilder.hpp"
  27 #include "cds/archiveUtils.hpp"
  28 #include "cds/filemap.hpp"
  29 #include "cds/heapShared.inline.hpp"
  30 #include "cds/metaspaceShared.hpp"
  31 #include "classfile/classLoaderData.hpp"
  32 #include "classfile/classLoaderDataShared.hpp"
  33 #include "classfile/javaClasses.inline.hpp"
  34 #include "classfile/moduleEntry.hpp"
  35 #include "classfile/stringTable.hpp"
  36 #include "classfile/symbolTable.hpp"
  37 #include "classfile/systemDictionary.hpp"
  38 #include "classfile/systemDictionaryShared.hpp"
  39 #include "classfile/vmClasses.hpp"
  40 #include "classfile/vmSymbols.hpp"
  41 #include "gc/shared/gcLocker.hpp"
  42 #include "gc/shared/gcVMOperations.hpp"
  43 #include "logging/log.hpp"
  44 #include "logging/logMessage.hpp"
  45 #include "logging/logStream.hpp"
  46 #include "memory/iterator.inline.hpp"
  47 #include "memory/metadataFactory.hpp"
  48 #include "memory/metaspaceClosure.hpp"
  49 #include "memory/resourceArea.hpp"
  50 #include "memory/universe.hpp"
  51 #include "oops/compressedOops.inline.hpp"
  52 #include "oops/fieldStreams.inline.hpp"
  53 #include "oops/objArrayOop.hpp"
  54 #include "oops/oop.inline.hpp"
  55 #include "prims/jvmtiExport.hpp"
  56 #include "runtime/fieldDescriptor.inline.hpp"
  57 #include "runtime/globals_extension.hpp"
  58 #include "runtime/init.hpp"
  59 #include "runtime/java.hpp"
  60 #include "runtime/javaCalls.hpp"
  61 #include "runtime/safepointVerifiers.hpp"
  62 #include "utilities/bitMap.inline.hpp"
  63 #include "utilities/copy.hpp"
  64 #if INCLUDE_G1GC
  65 #include "gc/g1/g1CollectedHeap.hpp"
  66 #endif
  67 
  68 #if INCLUDE_CDS_JAVA_HEAP
  69 
  70 bool HeapShared::_closed_archive_heap_region_mapped = false;
  71 bool HeapShared::_open_archive_heap_region_mapped = false;
  72 bool HeapShared::_archive_heap_region_fixed = false;
  73 address   HeapShared::_narrow_oop_base;
  74 int       HeapShared::_narrow_oop_shift;
  75 DumpedInternedStrings *HeapShared::_dumped_interned_strings = NULL;
  76 
  77 //
  78 // If you add new entries to the following tables, you should know what you're doing!
  79 //
  80 
  81 // Entry fields for shareable subgraphs archived in the closed archive heap
  82 // region. Warning: Objects in the subgraphs should not have reference fields
  83 // assigned at runtime.
  84 static ArchivableStaticFieldInfo closed_archive_subgraph_entry_fields[] = {
  85   {"java/lang/Integer$IntegerCache",              "archivedCache"},
  86   {"java/lang/Long$LongCache",                    "archivedCache"},
  87   {"java/lang/Byte$ByteCache",                    "archivedCache"},
  88   {"java/lang/Short$ShortCache",                  "archivedCache"},
  89   {"java/lang/Character$CharacterCache",          "archivedCache"},
  90   {"java/util/jar/Attributes$Name",               "KNOWN_NAMES"},
  91   {"sun/util/locale/BaseLocale",                  "constantBaseLocales"},
  92 };
  93 // Entry fields for subgraphs archived in the open archive heap region.
  94 static ArchivableStaticFieldInfo open_archive_subgraph_entry_fields[] = {
  95   {"jdk/internal/module/ArchivedModuleGraph",     "archivedModuleGraph"},
  96   {"java/util/ImmutableCollections",              "archivedObjects"},
  97   {"java/lang/ModuleLayer",                       "EMPTY_LAYER"},
  98   {"java/lang/module/Configuration",              "EMPTY_CONFIGURATION"},
  99   {"jdk/internal/math/FDBigInteger",              "archivedCaches"},
 100 };
 101 
 102 // Entry fields for subgraphs archived in the open archive heap region (full module graph).
 103 static ArchivableStaticFieldInfo fmg_open_archive_subgraph_entry_fields[] = {
 104   {"jdk/internal/loader/ArchivedClassLoaders",    "archivedClassLoaders"},
 105   {"jdk/internal/module/ArchivedBootLayer",       "archivedBootLayer"},
 106   {"java/lang/Module$ArchivedData",               "archivedData"},
 107 };
 108 
 109 const static int num_closed_archive_subgraph_entry_fields =
 110   sizeof(closed_archive_subgraph_entry_fields) / sizeof(ArchivableStaticFieldInfo);
 111 const static int num_open_archive_subgraph_entry_fields =
 112   sizeof(open_archive_subgraph_entry_fields) / sizeof(ArchivableStaticFieldInfo);
 113 const static int num_fmg_open_archive_subgraph_entry_fields =
 114   sizeof(fmg_open_archive_subgraph_entry_fields) / sizeof(ArchivableStaticFieldInfo);
 115 
 116 GrowableArrayCHeap<oop, mtClassShared>* HeapShared::_pending_roots = NULL;
 117 narrowOop HeapShared::_roots_narrow;
 118 OopHandle HeapShared::_roots;
 119 
 120 ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 121 //
 122 // Java heap object archiving support
 123 //
 124 ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 125 void HeapShared::fixup_mapped_heap_regions() {
 126   FileMapInfo *mapinfo = FileMapInfo::current_info();
 127   mapinfo->fixup_mapped_heap_regions();
 128   set_archive_heap_region_fixed();
 129   if (is_mapped()) {
 130     _roots = OopHandle(Universe::vm_global(), decode_from_archive(_roots_narrow));
 131     if (!MetaspaceShared::use_full_module_graph()) {
 132       // Need to remove all the archived java.lang.Module objects from HeapShared::roots().
 133       ClassLoaderDataShared::clear_archived_oops();
 134     }
 135   }
 136   SystemDictionaryShared::update_archived_mirror_native_pointers();
 137 }
 138 
 139 unsigned HeapShared::oop_hash(oop const& p) {
 140   assert(!p->mark().has_bias_pattern(),
 141          "this object should never have been locked");  // so identity_hash won't safepoin
 142   unsigned hash = (unsigned)p->identity_hash();
 143   return hash;
 144 }
 145 
 146 static void reset_states(oop obj, TRAPS) {
 147   Handle h_obj(THREAD, obj);
 148   InstanceKlass* klass = InstanceKlass::cast(obj->klass());
 149   TempNewSymbol method_name = SymbolTable::new_symbol("resetArchivedStates");
 150   Symbol* method_sig = vmSymbols::void_method_signature();
 151 
 152   while (klass != NULL) {
 153     Method* method = klass->find_method(method_name, method_sig);
 154     if (method != NULL) {
 155       assert(method->is_private(), "must be");
 156       if (log_is_enabled(Debug, cds)) {
 157         ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
 158         log_debug(cds)("  calling %s", method->name_and_sig_as_C_string());
 159       }
 160       JavaValue result(T_VOID);
 161       JavaCalls::call_special(&result, h_obj, klass,
 162                               method_name, method_sig, CHECK);
 163     }
 164     klass = klass->java_super();
 165   }
 166 }
 167 
 168 void HeapShared::reset_archived_object_states(TRAPS) {
 169   assert(DumpSharedSpaces, "dump-time only");
 170   log_debug(cds)("Resetting platform loader");
 171   reset_states(SystemDictionary::java_platform_loader(), CHECK);
 172   log_debug(cds)("Resetting system loader");
 173   reset_states(SystemDictionary::java_system_loader(), CHECK);
 174 }
 175 
 176 HeapShared::ArchivedObjectCache* HeapShared::_archived_object_cache = NULL;
 177 oop HeapShared::find_archived_heap_object(oop obj) {
 178   assert(DumpSharedSpaces, "dump-time only");
 179   ArchivedObjectCache* cache = archived_object_cache();
 180   oop* p = cache->get(obj);
 181   if (p != NULL) {
 182     return *p;
 183   } else {
 184     return NULL;
 185   }
 186 }
 187 
 188 int HeapShared::append_root(oop obj) {
 189   assert(DumpSharedSpaces, "dump-time only");
 190 
 191   // No GC should happen since we aren't scanning _pending_roots.
 192   assert(Thread::current() == (Thread*)VMThread::vm_thread(), "should be in vm thread");
 193 
 194   if (_pending_roots == NULL) {
 195     _pending_roots = new GrowableArrayCHeap<oop, mtClassShared>(500);
 196   }
 197 
 198   return _pending_roots->append(obj);
 199 }
 200 
 201 objArrayOop HeapShared::roots() {
 202   if (DumpSharedSpaces) {
 203     assert(Thread::current() == (Thread*)VMThread::vm_thread(), "should be in vm thread");
 204     if (!is_heap_object_archiving_allowed()) {
 205       return NULL;
 206     }
 207   } else {
 208     assert(UseSharedSpaces, "must be");
 209   }
 210 
 211   objArrayOop roots = (objArrayOop)_roots.resolve();
 212   assert(roots != NULL, "should have been initialized");
 213   return roots;
 214 }
 215 
 216 void HeapShared::set_roots(narrowOop roots) {
 217   assert(UseSharedSpaces, "runtime only");
 218   assert(open_archive_heap_region_mapped(), "must be");
 219   _roots_narrow = roots;
 220 }
 221 
 222 // Returns an objArray that contains all the roots of the archived objects
 223 oop HeapShared::get_root(int index, bool clear) {
 224   assert(index >= 0, "sanity");
 225   if (DumpSharedSpaces) {
 226     assert(Thread::current() == (Thread*)VMThread::vm_thread(), "should be in vm thread");
 227     assert(_pending_roots != NULL, "sanity");
 228     return _pending_roots->at(index);
 229   } else {
 230     assert(UseSharedSpaces, "must be");
 231     assert(!_roots.is_empty(), "must have loaded shared heap");
 232     oop result = roots()->obj_at(index);
 233     if (clear) {
 234       clear_root(index);
 235     }
 236     return result;
 237   }
 238 }
 239 
 240 void HeapShared::clear_root(int index) {
 241   assert(index >= 0, "sanity");
 242   assert(UseSharedSpaces, "must be");
 243   if (open_archive_heap_region_mapped()) {
 244     if (log_is_enabled(Debug, cds, heap)) {
 245       oop old = roots()->obj_at(index);
 246       log_debug(cds, heap)("Clearing root %d: was " PTR_FORMAT, index, p2i(old));
 247     }
 248     roots()->obj_at_put(index, NULL);
 249   }
 250 }
 251 
 252 oop HeapShared::archive_heap_object(oop obj) {
 253   assert(DumpSharedSpaces, "dump-time only");
 254 
 255   oop ao = find_archived_heap_object(obj);
 256   if (ao != NULL) {
 257     // already archived
 258     return ao;
 259   }
 260 
 261   int len = obj->size();
 262   if (G1CollectedHeap::heap()->is_archive_alloc_too_large(len)) {
 263     log_debug(cds, heap)("Cannot archive, object (" PTR_FORMAT ") is too large: " SIZE_FORMAT,
 264                          p2i(obj), (size_t)obj->size());
 265     return NULL;
 266   }
 267 
 268   oop archived_oop = cast_to_oop(G1CollectedHeap::heap()->archive_mem_allocate(len));
 269   if (archived_oop != NULL) {
 270     Copy::aligned_disjoint_words(cast_from_oop<HeapWord*>(obj), cast_from_oop<HeapWord*>(archived_oop), len);
 271     // Reinitialize markword to remove age/marking/locking/etc.
 272     //
 273     // We need to retain the identity_hash, because it may have been used by some hashtables
 274     // in the shared heap. This also has the side effect of pre-initializing the
 275     // identity_hash for all shared objects, so they are less likely to be written
 276     // into during run time, increasing the potential of memory sharing.
 277     int hash_original = obj->identity_hash();
 278     archived_oop->set_mark(markWord::prototype().copy_set_hash(hash_original));
 279     assert(archived_oop->mark().is_unlocked(), "sanity");
 280 
 281     DEBUG_ONLY(int hash_archived = archived_oop->identity_hash());
 282     assert(hash_original == hash_archived, "Different hash codes: original %x, archived %x", hash_original, hash_archived);
 283 
 284     ArchivedObjectCache* cache = archived_object_cache();
 285     cache->put(obj, archived_oop);
 286     if (log_is_enabled(Debug, cds, heap)) {
 287       ResourceMark rm;
 288       log_debug(cds, heap)("Archived heap object " PTR_FORMAT " ==> " PTR_FORMAT " : %s",
 289                            p2i(obj), p2i(archived_oop), obj->klass()->external_name());
 290     }
 291   } else {
 292     log_error(cds, heap)(
 293       "Cannot allocate space for object " PTR_FORMAT " in archived heap region",
 294       p2i(obj));
 295     vm_direct_exit(-1,
 296       err_msg("Out of memory. Please run with a larger Java heap, current MaxHeapSize = "
 297               SIZE_FORMAT "M", MaxHeapSize/M));
 298   }
 299   return archived_oop;
 300 }
 301 
 302 void HeapShared::archive_klass_objects() {
 303   GrowableArray<Klass*>* klasses = ArchiveBuilder::current()->klasses();
 304   assert(klasses != NULL, "sanity");
 305   for (int i = 0; i < klasses->length(); i++) {
 306     Klass* k = ArchiveBuilder::get_relocated_klass(klasses->at(i));
 307 
 308     // archive mirror object
 309     java_lang_Class::archive_mirror(k);
 310 
 311     // archive the resolved_referenes array
 312     if (k->is_instance_klass()) {
 313       InstanceKlass* ik = InstanceKlass::cast(k);
 314       ik->constants()->archive_resolved_references();
 315     }
 316   }
 317 }
 318 
 319 void HeapShared::run_full_gc_in_vm_thread() {
 320   if (is_heap_object_archiving_allowed()) {
 321     // Avoid fragmentation while archiving heap objects.
 322     // We do this inside a safepoint, so that no further allocation can happen after GC
 323     // has finished.
 324     if (GCLocker::is_active()) {
 325       // Just checking for safety ...
 326       // This should not happen during -Xshare:dump. If you see this, probably the Java core lib
 327       // has been modified such that JNI code is executed in some clean up threads after
 328       // we have finished class loading.
 329       log_warning(cds)("GC locker is held, unable to start extra compacting GC. This may produce suboptimal results.");
 330     } else {
 331       log_info(cds)("Run GC ...");
 332       Universe::heap()->collect_as_vm_thread(GCCause::_archive_time_gc);
 333       log_info(cds)("Run GC done");
 334     }
 335   }
 336 }
 337 
 338 void HeapShared::archive_java_heap_objects(GrowableArray<MemRegion>* closed,
 339                                            GrowableArray<MemRegion>* open) {
 340 
 341   G1HeapVerifier::verify_ready_for_archiving();
 342 
 343   {
 344     NoSafepointVerifier nsv;
 345 
 346     // Cache for recording where the archived objects are copied to
 347     create_archived_object_cache();
 348 
 349     log_info(cds)("Heap range = [" PTR_FORMAT " - "  PTR_FORMAT "]",
 350                   p2i(CompressedOops::begin()), p2i(CompressedOops::end()));
 351     log_info(cds)("Dumping objects to closed archive heap region ...");
 352     copy_closed_archive_heap_objects(closed);
 353 
 354     log_info(cds)("Dumping objects to open archive heap region ...");
 355     copy_open_archive_heap_objects(open);
 356 
 357     destroy_archived_object_cache();
 358   }
 359 
 360   G1HeapVerifier::verify_archive_regions();
 361 }
 362 
 363 void HeapShared::copy_closed_archive_heap_objects(
 364                                     GrowableArray<MemRegion> * closed_archive) {
 365   assert(is_heap_object_archiving_allowed(), "Cannot archive java heap objects");
 366 
 367   G1CollectedHeap::heap()->begin_archive_alloc_range();
 368 
 369   // Archive interned string objects
 370   StringTable::write_to_archive(_dumped_interned_strings);
 371 
 372   archive_object_subgraphs(closed_archive_subgraph_entry_fields,
 373                            num_closed_archive_subgraph_entry_fields,
 374                            true /* is_closed_archive */,
 375                            false /* is_full_module_graph */);
 376 
 377   G1CollectedHeap::heap()->end_archive_alloc_range(closed_archive,
 378                                                    os::vm_allocation_granularity());
 379 }
 380 
 381 void HeapShared::copy_open_archive_heap_objects(
 382                                     GrowableArray<MemRegion> * open_archive) {
 383   assert(is_heap_object_archiving_allowed(), "Cannot archive java heap objects");
 384 
 385   G1CollectedHeap::heap()->begin_archive_alloc_range(true /* open */);
 386 
 387   java_lang_Class::archive_basic_type_mirrors();
 388 
 389   archive_klass_objects();
 390 
 391   archive_object_subgraphs(open_archive_subgraph_entry_fields,
 392                            num_open_archive_subgraph_entry_fields,
 393                            false /* is_closed_archive */,
 394                            false /* is_full_module_graph */);
 395   if (MetaspaceShared::use_full_module_graph()) {
 396     archive_object_subgraphs(fmg_open_archive_subgraph_entry_fields,
 397                              num_fmg_open_archive_subgraph_entry_fields,
 398                              false /* is_closed_archive */,
 399                              true /* is_full_module_graph */);
 400     ClassLoaderDataShared::init_archived_oops();
 401   }
 402 
 403   copy_roots();
 404 
 405   G1CollectedHeap::heap()->end_archive_alloc_range(open_archive,
 406                                                    os::vm_allocation_granularity());
 407 }
 408 
 409 // Copy _pending_archive_roots into an objArray
 410 void HeapShared::copy_roots() {
 411   int length = _pending_roots != NULL ? _pending_roots->length() : 0;
 412   int size = objArrayOopDesc::object_size(length);
 413   Klass* k = Universe::objectArrayKlassObj(); // already relocated to point to archived klass
 414   HeapWord* mem = G1CollectedHeap::heap()->archive_mem_allocate(size);
 415 
 416   memset(mem, 0, size * BytesPerWord);
 417   {
 418     // This is copied from MemAllocator::finish
 419     if (UseBiasedLocking) {
 420       oopDesc::set_mark(mem, k->prototype_header());
 421     } else {
 422       oopDesc::set_mark(mem, markWord::prototype());
 423     }
 424     oopDesc::release_set_klass(mem, k);
 425   }
 426   {
 427     // This is copied from ObjArrayAllocator::initialize
 428     arrayOopDesc::set_length(mem, length);
 429   }
 430 
 431   _roots = OopHandle(Universe::vm_global(), cast_to_oop(mem));
 432   for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
 433     roots()->obj_at_put(i, _pending_roots->at(i));
 434   }
 435   log_info(cds)("archived obj roots[%d] = %d words, klass = %p, obj = %p", length, size, k, mem);
 436 }
 437 
 438 void HeapShared::init_narrow_oop_decoding(address base, int shift) {
 439   _narrow_oop_base = base;
 440   _narrow_oop_shift = shift;
 441 }
 442 
 443 //
 444 // Subgraph archiving support
 445 //
 446 HeapShared::DumpTimeKlassSubGraphInfoTable* HeapShared::_dump_time_subgraph_info_table = NULL;
 447 HeapShared::RunTimeKlassSubGraphInfoTable   HeapShared::_run_time_subgraph_info_table;
 448 
 449 // Get the subgraph_info for Klass k. A new subgraph_info is created if
 450 // there is no existing one for k. The subgraph_info records the relocated
 451 // Klass* of the original k.
 452 KlassSubGraphInfo* HeapShared::init_subgraph_info(Klass* k, bool is_full_module_graph) {
 453   assert(DumpSharedSpaces, "dump time only");
 454   bool created;
 455   Klass* relocated_k = ArchiveBuilder::get_relocated_klass(k);
 456   KlassSubGraphInfo* info =
 457     _dump_time_subgraph_info_table->put_if_absent(relocated_k, KlassSubGraphInfo(relocated_k, is_full_module_graph),
 458                                                   &created);
 459   assert(created, "must not initialize twice");
 460   return info;
 461 }
 462 
 463 KlassSubGraphInfo* HeapShared::get_subgraph_info(Klass* k) {
 464   assert(DumpSharedSpaces, "dump time only");
 465   Klass* relocated_k = ArchiveBuilder::get_relocated_klass(k);
 466   KlassSubGraphInfo* info = _dump_time_subgraph_info_table->get(relocated_k);
 467   assert(info != NULL, "must have been initialized");
 468   return info;
 469 }
 470 
 471 // Add an entry field to the current KlassSubGraphInfo.
 472 void KlassSubGraphInfo::add_subgraph_entry_field(
 473       int static_field_offset, oop v, bool is_closed_archive) {
 474   assert(DumpSharedSpaces, "dump time only");
 475   if (_subgraph_entry_fields == NULL) {
 476     _subgraph_entry_fields =
 477       new(ResourceObj::C_HEAP, mtClass) GrowableArray<int>(10, mtClass);
 478   }
 479   _subgraph_entry_fields->append(static_field_offset);
 480   _subgraph_entry_fields->append(HeapShared::append_root(v));
 481 }
 482 
 483 // Add the Klass* for an object in the current KlassSubGraphInfo's subgraphs.
 484 // Only objects of boot classes can be included in sub-graph.
 485 void KlassSubGraphInfo::add_subgraph_object_klass(Klass* orig_k) {
 486   assert(DumpSharedSpaces, "dump time only");
 487   Klass* relocated_k = ArchiveBuilder::get_relocated_klass(orig_k);
 488 
 489   if (_subgraph_object_klasses == NULL) {
 490     _subgraph_object_klasses =
 491       new(ResourceObj::C_HEAP, mtClass) GrowableArray<Klass*>(50, mtClass);
 492   }
 493 
 494   assert(ArchiveBuilder::current()->is_in_buffer_space(relocated_k), "must be a shared class");
 495 
 496   if (_k == relocated_k) {
 497     // Don't add the Klass containing the sub-graph to it's own klass
 498     // initialization list.
 499     return;
 500   }
 501 
 502   if (relocated_k->is_instance_klass()) {
 503     assert(InstanceKlass::cast(relocated_k)->is_shared_boot_class(),
 504           "must be boot class");
 505     // vmClasses::xxx_klass() are not updated, need to check
 506     // the original Klass*
 507     if (orig_k == vmClasses::String_klass() ||
 508         orig_k == vmClasses::Object_klass()) {
 509       // Initialized early during VM initialization. No need to be added
 510       // to the sub-graph object class list.
 511       return;
 512     }
 513   } else if (relocated_k->is_objArray_klass()) {
 514     Klass* abk = ObjArrayKlass::cast(relocated_k)->bottom_klass();
 515     if (abk->is_instance_klass()) {
 516       assert(InstanceKlass::cast(abk)->is_shared_boot_class(),
 517             "must be boot class");
 518     }
 519     if (relocated_k == Universe::objectArrayKlassObj()) {
 520       // Initialized early during Universe::genesis. No need to be added
 521       // to the list.
 522       return;
 523     }
 524   } else {
 525     assert(relocated_k->is_typeArray_klass(), "must be");
 526     // Primitive type arrays are created early during Universe::genesis.
 527     return;
 528   }
 529 
 530   if (log_is_enabled(Debug, cds, heap)) {
 531     if (!_subgraph_object_klasses->contains(relocated_k)) {
 532       ResourceMark rm;
 533       log_debug(cds, heap)("Adding klass %s", orig_k->external_name());
 534     }
 535   }
 536 
 537   _subgraph_object_klasses->append_if_missing(relocated_k);
 538   _has_non_early_klasses |= is_non_early_klass(orig_k);
 539 }
 540 
 541 bool KlassSubGraphInfo::is_non_early_klass(Klass* k) {
 542   if (k->is_objArray_klass()) {
 543     k = ObjArrayKlass::cast(k)->bottom_klass();
 544   }
 545   if (k->is_instance_klass()) {
 546     if (!SystemDictionaryShared::is_early_klass(InstanceKlass::cast(k))) {
 547       ResourceMark rm;
 548       log_info(cds, heap)("non-early: %s", k->external_name());
 549       return true;
 550     } else {
 551       return false;
 552     }
 553   } else {
 554     return false;
 555   }
 556 }
 557 
 558 // Initialize an archived subgraph_info_record from the given KlassSubGraphInfo.
 559 void ArchivedKlassSubGraphInfoRecord::init(KlassSubGraphInfo* info) {
 560   _k = info->klass();
 561   _entry_field_records = NULL;
 562   _subgraph_object_klasses = NULL;
 563   _is_full_module_graph = info->is_full_module_graph();
 564 
 565   if (_is_full_module_graph) {
 566     // Consider all classes referenced by the full module graph as early -- we will be
 567     // allocating objects of these classes during JVMTI early phase, so they cannot
 568     // be processed by (non-early) JVMTI ClassFileLoadHook
 569     _has_non_early_klasses = false;
 570   } else {
 571     _has_non_early_klasses = info->has_non_early_klasses();
 572   }
 573 
 574   if (_has_non_early_klasses) {
 575     ResourceMark rm;
 576     log_info(cds, heap)(
 577           "Subgraph of klass %s has non-early klasses and cannot be used when JVMTI ClassFileLoadHook is enabled",
 578           _k->external_name());
 579   }
 580 
 581   // populate the entry fields
 582   GrowableArray<int>* entry_fields = info->subgraph_entry_fields();
 583   if (entry_fields != NULL) {
 584     int num_entry_fields = entry_fields->length();
 585     assert(num_entry_fields % 2 == 0, "sanity");
 586     _entry_field_records =
 587       ArchiveBuilder::new_ro_array<int>(num_entry_fields);
 588     for (int i = 0 ; i < num_entry_fields; i++) {
 589       _entry_field_records->at_put(i, entry_fields->at(i));
 590     }
 591   }
 592 
 593   // the Klasses of the objects in the sub-graphs
 594   GrowableArray<Klass*>* subgraph_object_klasses = info->subgraph_object_klasses();
 595   if (subgraph_object_klasses != NULL) {
 596     int num_subgraphs_klasses = subgraph_object_klasses->length();
 597     _subgraph_object_klasses =
 598       ArchiveBuilder::new_ro_array<Klass*>(num_subgraphs_klasses);
 599     for (int i = 0; i < num_subgraphs_klasses; i++) {
 600       Klass* subgraph_k = subgraph_object_klasses->at(i);
 601       if (log_is_enabled(Info, cds, heap)) {
 602         ResourceMark rm;
 603         log_info(cds, heap)(
 604           "Archived object klass %s (%2d) => %s",
 605           _k->external_name(), i, subgraph_k->external_name());
 606       }
 607       _subgraph_object_klasses->at_put(i, subgraph_k);
 608       ArchivePtrMarker::mark_pointer(_subgraph_object_klasses->adr_at(i));
 609     }
 610   }
 611 
 612   ArchivePtrMarker::mark_pointer(&_k);
 613   ArchivePtrMarker::mark_pointer(&_entry_field_records);
 614   ArchivePtrMarker::mark_pointer(&_subgraph_object_klasses);
 615 }
 616 
 617 struct CopyKlassSubGraphInfoToArchive : StackObj {
 618   CompactHashtableWriter* _writer;
 619   CopyKlassSubGraphInfoToArchive(CompactHashtableWriter* writer) : _writer(writer) {}
 620 
 621   bool do_entry(Klass* klass, KlassSubGraphInfo& info) {
 622     if (info.subgraph_object_klasses() != NULL || info.subgraph_entry_fields() != NULL) {
 623       ArchivedKlassSubGraphInfoRecord* record =
 624         (ArchivedKlassSubGraphInfoRecord*)ArchiveBuilder::ro_region_alloc(sizeof(ArchivedKlassSubGraphInfoRecord));
 625       record->init(&info);
 626 
 627       unsigned int hash = SystemDictionaryShared::hash_for_shared_dictionary((address)klass);
 628       u4 delta = ArchiveBuilder::current()->any_to_offset_u4(record);
 629       _writer->add(hash, delta);
 630     }
 631     return true; // keep on iterating
 632   }
 633 };
 634 
 635 // Build the records of archived subgraph infos, which include:
 636 // - Entry points to all subgraphs from the containing class mirror. The entry
 637 //   points are static fields in the mirror. For each entry point, the field
 638 //   offset, value and is_closed_archive flag are recorded in the sub-graph
 639 //   info. The value is stored back to the corresponding field at runtime.
 640 // - A list of klasses that need to be loaded/initialized before archived
 641 //   java object sub-graph can be accessed at runtime.
 642 void HeapShared::write_subgraph_info_table() {
 643   // Allocate the contents of the hashtable(s) inside the RO region of the CDS archive.
 644   DumpTimeKlassSubGraphInfoTable* d_table = _dump_time_subgraph_info_table;
 645   CompactHashtableStats stats;
 646 
 647   _run_time_subgraph_info_table.reset();
 648 
 649   CompactHashtableWriter writer(d_table->_count, &stats);
 650   CopyKlassSubGraphInfoToArchive copy(&writer);
 651   d_table->iterate(&copy);
 652 
 653   writer.dump(&_run_time_subgraph_info_table, "subgraphs");
 654 }
 655 
 656 void HeapShared::serialize_subgraph_info_table_header(SerializeClosure* soc) {
 657   _run_time_subgraph_info_table.serialize_header(soc);
 658 }
 659 
 660 static void verify_the_heap(Klass* k, const char* which) {
 661   if (VerifyArchivedFields > 0) {
 662     ResourceMark rm;
 663     log_info(cds, heap)("Verify heap %s initializing static field(s) in %s",
 664                         which, k->external_name());
 665 
 666     VM_Verify verify_op;
 667     VMThread::execute(&verify_op);
 668 
 669     if (VerifyArchivedFields > 1 && is_init_completed()) {
 670       // At this time, the oop->klass() of some archived objects in the heap may not
 671       // have been loaded into the system dictionary yet. Nevertheless, oop->klass() should
 672       // have enough information (object size, oop maps, etc) so that a GC can be safely
 673       // performed.
 674       //
 675       // -XX:VerifyArchivedFields=2 force a GC to happen in such an early stage
 676       // to check for GC safety.
 677       log_info(cds, heap)("Trigger GC %s initializing static field(s) in %s",
 678                           which, k->external_name());
 679       FlagSetting fs1(VerifyBeforeGC, true);
 680       FlagSetting fs2(VerifyDuringGC, true);
 681       FlagSetting fs3(VerifyAfterGC,  true);
 682       Universe::heap()->collect(GCCause::_java_lang_system_gc);
 683     }
 684   }
 685 }
 686 
 687 // Before GC can execute, we must ensure that all oops reachable from HeapShared::roots()
 688 // have a valid klass. I.e., oopDesc::klass() must have already been resolved.
 689 //
 690 // Note: if a ArchivedKlassSubGraphInfoRecord contains non-early classes, and JVMTI
 691 // ClassFileLoadHook is enabled, it's possible for this class to be dynamically replaced. In
 692 // this case, we will not load the ArchivedKlassSubGraphInfoRecord and will clear its roots.
 693 void HeapShared::resolve_classes(JavaThread* THREAD) {
 694   if (!is_mapped()) {
 695     return; // nothing to do
 696   }
 697   resolve_classes_for_subgraphs(closed_archive_subgraph_entry_fields,
 698                                 num_closed_archive_subgraph_entry_fields,
 699                                 THREAD);
 700   resolve_classes_for_subgraphs(open_archive_subgraph_entry_fields,
 701                                 num_open_archive_subgraph_entry_fields,
 702                                 THREAD);
 703   resolve_classes_for_subgraphs(fmg_open_archive_subgraph_entry_fields,
 704                                 num_fmg_open_archive_subgraph_entry_fields,
 705                                 THREAD);
 706 }
 707 
 708 void HeapShared::resolve_classes_for_subgraphs(ArchivableStaticFieldInfo fields[],
 709                                                int num, JavaThread* THREAD) {
 710   for (int i = 0; i < num; i++) {
 711     ArchivableStaticFieldInfo* info = &fields[i];
 712     TempNewSymbol klass_name = SymbolTable::new_symbol(info->klass_name);
 713     InstanceKlass* k = SystemDictionaryShared::find_builtin_class(klass_name);
 714     assert(k != NULL && k->is_shared_boot_class(), "sanity");
 715     resolve_classes_for_subgraph_of(k, THREAD);
 716   }
 717 }
 718 
 719 void HeapShared::resolve_classes_for_subgraph_of(Klass* k, JavaThread* THREAD) {
 720   ExceptionMark em(THREAD);
 721   const ArchivedKlassSubGraphInfoRecord* record =
 722    resolve_or_init_classes_for_subgraph_of(k, /*do_init=*/false, THREAD);
 723   if (HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION) {
 724    CLEAR_PENDING_EXCEPTION;
 725   }
 726   if (record == NULL) {
 727    clear_archived_roots_of(k);
 728   }
 729 }
 730 
 731 void HeapShared::initialize_from_archived_subgraph(Klass* k, JavaThread* THREAD) {
 732   if (!is_mapped()) {
 733     return; // nothing to do
 734   }
 735 
 736   ExceptionMark em(THREAD);
 737   const ArchivedKlassSubGraphInfoRecord* record =
 738     resolve_or_init_classes_for_subgraph_of(k, /*do_init=*/true, THREAD);
 739 
 740   if (HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION) {
 741     CLEAR_PENDING_EXCEPTION;
 742     // None of the field value will be set if there was an exception when initializing the classes.
 743     // The java code will not see any of the archived objects in the
 744     // subgraphs referenced from k in this case.
 745     return;
 746   }
 747 
 748   if (record != NULL) {
 749     init_archived_fields_for(k, record);
 750   }
 751 }
 752 
 753 const ArchivedKlassSubGraphInfoRecord*
 754 HeapShared::resolve_or_init_classes_for_subgraph_of(Klass* k, bool do_init, TRAPS) {
 755   assert(!DumpSharedSpaces, "Should not be called with DumpSharedSpaces");
 756 
 757   if (!k->is_shared()) {
 758     return NULL;
 759   }
 760   unsigned int hash = SystemDictionaryShared::hash_for_shared_dictionary_quick(k);
 761   const ArchivedKlassSubGraphInfoRecord* record = _run_time_subgraph_info_table.lookup(k, hash, 0);
 762 
 763   // Initialize from archived data. Currently this is done only
 764   // during VM initialization time. No lock is needed.
 765   if (record != NULL) {
 766     if (record->is_full_module_graph() && !MetaspaceShared::use_full_module_graph()) {
 767       if (log_is_enabled(Info, cds, heap)) {
 768         ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
 769         log_info(cds, heap)("subgraph %s cannot be used because full module graph is disabled",
 770                             k->external_name());
 771       }
 772       return NULL;
 773     }
 774 
 775     if (record->has_non_early_klasses() && JvmtiExport::should_post_class_file_load_hook()) {
 776       if (log_is_enabled(Info, cds, heap)) {
 777         ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
 778         log_info(cds, heap)("subgraph %s cannot be used because JVMTI ClassFileLoadHook is enabled",
 779                             k->external_name());
 780       }
 781       return NULL;
 782     }
 783 
 784     resolve_or_init(k, do_init, CHECK_NULL);
 785 
 786     // Load/link/initialize the klasses of the objects in the subgraph.
 787     // NULL class loader is used.
 788     Array<Klass*>* klasses = record->subgraph_object_klasses();
 789     if (klasses != NULL) {
 790       for (int i = 0; i < klasses->length(); i++) {
 791         Klass* klass = klasses->at(i);
 792         if (!klass->is_shared()) {
 793           return NULL;
 794         }
 795         resolve_or_init(klass, do_init, CHECK_NULL);
 796       }
 797     }
 798   }
 799 
 800   return record;
 801 }
 802 
 803 void HeapShared::resolve_or_init(Klass* k, bool do_init, TRAPS) {
 804   if (!do_init) {
 805     if (k->class_loader_data() == NULL) {
 806       Klass* resolved_k = SystemDictionary::resolve_or_null(k->name(), CHECK);
 807       assert(resolved_k == k, "classes used by archived heap must not be replaced by JVMTI ClassFileLoadHook");
 808     }
 809   } else {
 810     assert(k->class_loader_data() != NULL, "must have been resolved by HeapShared::resolve_classes");
 811     if (k->is_instance_klass()) {
 812       InstanceKlass* ik = InstanceKlass::cast(k);
 813       ik->initialize(CHECK);
 814     } else if (k->is_objArray_klass()) {
 815       ObjArrayKlass* oak = ObjArrayKlass::cast(k);
 816       oak->initialize(CHECK);
 817     }
 818   }
 819 }
 820 
 821 void HeapShared::init_archived_fields_for(Klass* k, const ArchivedKlassSubGraphInfoRecord* record) {
 822   verify_the_heap(k, "before");
 823 
 824   // Load the subgraph entry fields from the record and store them back to
 825   // the corresponding fields within the mirror.
 826   oop m = k->java_mirror();
 827   Array<int>* entry_field_records = record->entry_field_records();
 828   if (entry_field_records != NULL) {
 829     int efr_len = entry_field_records->length();
 830     assert(efr_len % 2 == 0, "sanity");
 831     for (int i = 0; i < efr_len; i += 2) {
 832       int field_offset = entry_field_records->at(i);
 833       int root_index = entry_field_records->at(i+1);
 834       oop v = get_root(root_index, /*clear=*/true);
 835       m->obj_field_put(field_offset, v);
 836       log_debug(cds, heap)("  " PTR_FORMAT " init field @ %2d = " PTR_FORMAT, p2i(k), field_offset, p2i(v));
 837     }
 838 
 839     // Done. Java code can see the archived sub-graphs referenced from k's
 840     // mirror after this point.
 841     if (log_is_enabled(Info, cds, heap)) {
 842       ResourceMark rm;
 843       log_info(cds, heap)("initialize_from_archived_subgraph %s " PTR_FORMAT "%s",
 844                           k->external_name(), p2i(k), JvmtiExport::is_early_phase() ? " (early)" : "");
 845     }
 846   }
 847 
 848   verify_the_heap(k, "after ");
 849 }
 850 
 851 void HeapShared::clear_archived_roots_of(Klass* k) {
 852   unsigned int hash = SystemDictionaryShared::hash_for_shared_dictionary_quick(k);
 853   const ArchivedKlassSubGraphInfoRecord* record = _run_time_subgraph_info_table.lookup(k, hash, 0);
 854   if (record != NULL) {
 855     Array<int>* entry_field_records = record->entry_field_records();
 856     if (entry_field_records != NULL) {
 857       int efr_len = entry_field_records->length();
 858       assert(efr_len % 2 == 0, "sanity");
 859       for (int i = 0; i < efr_len; i += 2) {
 860         int root_index = entry_field_records->at(i+1);
 861         clear_root(root_index);
 862       }
 863     }
 864   }
 865 }
 866 
 867 class WalkOopAndArchiveClosure: public BasicOopIterateClosure {
 868   int _level;
 869   bool _is_closed_archive;
 870   bool _record_klasses_only;
 871   KlassSubGraphInfo* _subgraph_info;
 872   oop _orig_referencing_obj;
 873   oop _archived_referencing_obj;
 874  public:
 875   WalkOopAndArchiveClosure(int level,
 876                            bool is_closed_archive,
 877                            bool record_klasses_only,
 878                            KlassSubGraphInfo* subgraph_info,
 879                            oop orig, oop archived) :
 880     _level(level), _is_closed_archive(is_closed_archive),
 881     _record_klasses_only(record_klasses_only),
 882     _subgraph_info(subgraph_info),
 883     _orig_referencing_obj(orig), _archived_referencing_obj(archived) {}
 884   void do_oop(narrowOop *p) { WalkOopAndArchiveClosure::do_oop_work(p); }
 885   void do_oop(      oop *p) { WalkOopAndArchiveClosure::do_oop_work(p); }
 886 
 887  protected:
 888   template <class T> void do_oop_work(T *p) {
 889     oop obj = RawAccess<>::oop_load(p);
 890     if (!CompressedOops::is_null(obj)) {
 891       assert(!HeapShared::is_archived_object(obj),
 892              "original objects must not point to archived objects");
 893 
 894       size_t field_delta = pointer_delta(p, _orig_referencing_obj, sizeof(char));
 895       T* new_p = (T*)(cast_from_oop<address>(_archived_referencing_obj) + field_delta);
 896 
 897       if (!_record_klasses_only && log_is_enabled(Debug, cds, heap)) {
 898         ResourceMark rm;
 899         log_debug(cds, heap)("(%d) %s[" SIZE_FORMAT "] ==> " PTR_FORMAT " size %d %s", _level,
 900                              _orig_referencing_obj->klass()->external_name(), field_delta,
 901                              p2i(obj), obj->size() * HeapWordSize, obj->klass()->external_name());
 902         LogTarget(Trace, cds, heap) log;
 903         LogStream out(log);
 904         obj->print_on(&out);
 905       }
 906 
 907       oop archived = HeapShared::archive_reachable_objects_from(
 908           _level + 1, _subgraph_info, obj, _is_closed_archive);
 909       assert(archived != NULL, "VM should have exited with unarchivable objects for _level > 1");
 910       assert(HeapShared::is_archived_object(archived), "must be");
 911 
 912       if (!_record_klasses_only) {
 913         // Update the reference in the archived copy of the referencing object.
 914         log_debug(cds, heap)("(%d) updating oop @[" PTR_FORMAT "] " PTR_FORMAT " ==> " PTR_FORMAT,
 915                              _level, p2i(new_p), p2i(obj), p2i(archived));
 916         RawAccess<IS_NOT_NULL>::oop_store(new_p, archived);
 917       }
 918     }
 919   }
 920 };
 921 
 922 void HeapShared::check_closed_archive_heap_region_object(InstanceKlass* k) {
 923   // Check fields in the object
 924   for (JavaFieldStream fs(k); !fs.done(); fs.next()) {
 925     if (!fs.access_flags().is_static()) {
 926       BasicType ft = fs.field_descriptor().field_type();
 927       if (!fs.access_flags().is_final() && is_reference_type(ft)) {
 928         ResourceMark rm;
 929         log_warning(cds, heap)(
 930           "Please check reference field in %s instance in closed archive heap region: %s %s",
 931           k->external_name(), (fs.name())->as_C_string(),
 932           (fs.signature())->as_C_string());
 933       }
 934     }
 935   }
 936 }
 937 
 938 void HeapShared::check_module_oop(oop orig_module_obj) {
 939   assert(DumpSharedSpaces, "must be");
 940   assert(java_lang_Module::is_instance(orig_module_obj), "must be");
 941   ModuleEntry* orig_module_ent = java_lang_Module::module_entry_raw(orig_module_obj);
 942   if (orig_module_ent == NULL) {
 943     // These special Module objects are created in Java code. They are not
 944     // defined via Modules::define_module(), so they don't have a ModuleEntry:
 945     //     java.lang.Module::ALL_UNNAMED_MODULE
 946     //     java.lang.Module::EVERYONE_MODULE
 947     //     jdk.internal.loader.ClassLoaders$BootClassLoader::unnamedModule
 948     assert(java_lang_Module::name(orig_module_obj) == NULL, "must be unnamed");
 949     log_info(cds, heap)("Module oop with No ModuleEntry* @[" PTR_FORMAT "]", p2i(orig_module_obj));
 950   } else {
 951     ClassLoaderData* loader_data = orig_module_ent->loader_data();
 952     assert(loader_data->is_builtin_class_loader_data(), "must be");
 953   }
 954 }
 955 
 956 
 957 // (1) If orig_obj has not been archived yet, archive it.
 958 // (2) If orig_obj has not been seen yet (since start_recording_subgraph() was called),
 959 //     trace all  objects that are reachable from it, and make sure these objects are archived.
 960 // (3) Record the klasses of all orig_obj and all reachable objects.
 961 oop HeapShared::archive_reachable_objects_from(int level,
 962                                                KlassSubGraphInfo* subgraph_info,
 963                                                oop orig_obj,
 964                                                bool is_closed_archive) {
 965   assert(orig_obj != NULL, "must be");
 966   assert(!is_archived_object(orig_obj), "sanity");
 967 
 968   if (!JavaClasses::is_supported_for_archiving(orig_obj)) {
 969     // This object has injected fields that cannot be supported easily, so we disallow them for now.
 970     // If you get an error here, you probably made a change in the JDK library that has added
 971     // these objects that are referenced (directly or indirectly) by static fields.
 972     ResourceMark rm;
 973     log_error(cds, heap)("Cannot archive object of class %s", orig_obj->klass()->external_name());
 974     vm_direct_exit(1);
 975   }
 976 
 977   // java.lang.Class instances cannot be included in an archived object sub-graph. We only support
 978   // them as Klass::_archived_mirror because they need to be specially restored at run time.
 979   //
 980   // If you get an error here, you probably made a change in the JDK library that has added a Class
 981   // object that is referenced (directly or indirectly) by static fields.
 982   if (java_lang_Class::is_instance(orig_obj)) {
 983     log_error(cds, heap)("(%d) Unknown java.lang.Class object is in the archived sub-graph", level);
 984     vm_direct_exit(1);
 985   }
 986 
 987   oop archived_obj = find_archived_heap_object(orig_obj);
 988   if (java_lang_String::is_instance(orig_obj) && archived_obj != NULL) {
 989     // To save time, don't walk strings that are already archived. They just contain
 990     // pointers to a type array, whose klass doesn't need to be recorded.
 991     return archived_obj;
 992   }
 993 
 994   if (has_been_seen_during_subgraph_recording(orig_obj)) {
 995     // orig_obj has already been archived and traced. Nothing more to do.
 996     return archived_obj;
 997   } else {
 998     set_has_been_seen_during_subgraph_recording(orig_obj);
 999   }
1000 
1001   bool record_klasses_only = (archived_obj != NULL);
1002   if (archived_obj == NULL) {
1003     ++_num_new_archived_objs;
1004     archived_obj = archive_heap_object(orig_obj);
1005     if (archived_obj == NULL) {
1006       // Skip archiving the sub-graph referenced from the current entry field.
1007       ResourceMark rm;
1008       log_error(cds, heap)(
1009         "Cannot archive the sub-graph referenced from %s object ("
1010         PTR_FORMAT ") size %d, skipped.",
1011         orig_obj->klass()->external_name(), p2i(orig_obj), orig_obj->size() * HeapWordSize);
1012       if (level == 1) {
1013         // Don't archive a subgraph root that's too big. For archives static fields, that's OK
1014         // as the Java code will take care of initializing this field dynamically.
1015         return NULL;
1016       } else {
1017         // We don't know how to handle an object that has been archived, but some of its reachable
1018         // objects cannot be archived. Bail out for now. We might need to fix this in the future if
1019         // we have a real use case.
1020         vm_direct_exit(1);
1021       }
1022     }
1023 
1024     if (java_lang_Module::is_instance(orig_obj)) {
1025       check_module_oop(orig_obj);
1026       java_lang_Module::set_module_entry(archived_obj, NULL);
1027       java_lang_Module::set_loader(archived_obj, NULL);
1028     } else if (java_lang_ClassLoader::is_instance(orig_obj)) {
1029       // class_data will be restored explicitly at run time.
1030       guarantee(orig_obj == SystemDictionary::java_platform_loader() ||
1031                 orig_obj == SystemDictionary::java_system_loader() ||
1032                 java_lang_ClassLoader::loader_data_raw(orig_obj) == NULL, "must be");
1033       java_lang_ClassLoader::release_set_loader_data(archived_obj, NULL);
1034     }
1035   }
1036 
1037   assert(archived_obj != NULL, "must be");
1038   Klass *orig_k = orig_obj->klass();
1039   subgraph_info->add_subgraph_object_klass(orig_k);
1040 
1041   WalkOopAndArchiveClosure walker(level, is_closed_archive, record_klasses_only,
1042                                   subgraph_info, orig_obj, archived_obj);
1043   orig_obj->oop_iterate(&walker);
1044   if (is_closed_archive && orig_k->is_instance_klass()) {
1045     check_closed_archive_heap_region_object(InstanceKlass::cast(orig_k));
1046   }
1047   return archived_obj;
1048 }
1049 
1050 //
1051 // Start from the given static field in a java mirror and archive the
1052 // complete sub-graph of java heap objects that are reached directly
1053 // or indirectly from the starting object by following references.
1054 // Sub-graph archiving restrictions (current):
1055 //
1056 // - All classes of objects in the archived sub-graph (including the
1057 //   entry class) must be boot class only.
1058 // - No java.lang.Class instance (java mirror) can be included inside
1059 //   an archived sub-graph. Mirror can only be the sub-graph entry object.
1060 //
1061 // The Java heap object sub-graph archiving process (see
1062 // WalkOopAndArchiveClosure):
1063 //
1064 // 1) Java object sub-graph archiving starts from a given static field
1065 // within a Class instance (java mirror). If the static field is a
1066 // refererence field and points to a non-null java object, proceed to
1067 // the next step.
1068 //
1069 // 2) Archives the referenced java object. If an archived copy of the
1070 // current object already exists, updates the pointer in the archived
1071 // copy of the referencing object to point to the current archived object.
1072 // Otherwise, proceed to the next step.
1073 //
1074 // 3) Follows all references within the current java object and recursively
1075 // archive the sub-graph of objects starting from each reference.
1076 //
1077 // 4) Updates the pointer in the archived copy of referencing object to
1078 // point to the current archived object.
1079 //
1080 // 5) The Klass of the current java object is added to the list of Klasses
1081 // for loading and initialzing before any object in the archived graph can
1082 // be accessed at runtime.
1083 //
1084 void HeapShared::archive_reachable_objects_from_static_field(InstanceKlass *k,
1085                                                              const char* klass_name,
1086                                                              int field_offset,
1087                                                              const char* field_name,
1088                                                              bool is_closed_archive) {
1089   assert(DumpSharedSpaces, "dump time only");
1090   assert(k->is_shared_boot_class(), "must be boot class");
1091 
1092   oop m = k->java_mirror();
1093 
1094   KlassSubGraphInfo* subgraph_info = get_subgraph_info(k);
1095   oop f = m->obj_field(field_offset);
1096 
1097   log_debug(cds, heap)("Start archiving from: %s::%s (" PTR_FORMAT ")", klass_name, field_name, p2i(f));
1098 
1099   if (!CompressedOops::is_null(f)) {
1100     if (log_is_enabled(Trace, cds, heap)) {
1101       LogTarget(Trace, cds, heap) log;
1102       LogStream out(log);
1103       f->print_on(&out);
1104     }
1105 
1106     oop af = archive_reachable_objects_from(1, subgraph_info, f, is_closed_archive);
1107 
1108     if (af == NULL) {
1109       log_error(cds, heap)("Archiving failed %s::%s (some reachable objects cannot be archived)",
1110                            klass_name, field_name);
1111     } else {
1112       // Note: the field value is not preserved in the archived mirror.
1113       // Record the field as a new subGraph entry point. The recorded
1114       // information is restored from the archive at runtime.
1115       subgraph_info->add_subgraph_entry_field(field_offset, af, is_closed_archive);
1116       log_info(cds, heap)("Archived field %s::%s => " PTR_FORMAT, klass_name, field_name, p2i(af));
1117     }
1118   } else {
1119     // The field contains null, we still need to record the entry point,
1120     // so it can be restored at runtime.
1121     subgraph_info->add_subgraph_entry_field(field_offset, NULL, false);
1122   }
1123 }
1124 
1125 #ifndef PRODUCT
1126 class VerifySharedOopClosure: public BasicOopIterateClosure {
1127  private:
1128   bool _is_archived;
1129 
1130  public:
1131   VerifySharedOopClosure(bool is_archived) : _is_archived(is_archived) {}
1132 
1133   void do_oop(narrowOop *p) { VerifySharedOopClosure::do_oop_work(p); }
1134   void do_oop(      oop *p) { VerifySharedOopClosure::do_oop_work(p); }
1135 
1136  protected:
1137   template <class T> void do_oop_work(T *p) {
1138     oop obj = RawAccess<>::oop_load(p);
1139     if (!CompressedOops::is_null(obj)) {
1140       HeapShared::verify_reachable_objects_from(obj, _is_archived);
1141     }
1142   }
1143 };
1144 
1145 void HeapShared::verify_subgraph_from_static_field(InstanceKlass* k, int field_offset) {
1146   assert(DumpSharedSpaces, "dump time only");
1147   assert(k->is_shared_boot_class(), "must be boot class");
1148 
1149   oop m = k->java_mirror();
1150   oop f = m->obj_field(field_offset);
1151   if (!CompressedOops::is_null(f)) {
1152     verify_subgraph_from(f);
1153   }
1154 }
1155 
1156 void HeapShared::verify_subgraph_from(oop orig_obj) {
1157   oop archived_obj = find_archived_heap_object(orig_obj);
1158   if (archived_obj == NULL) {
1159     // It's OK for the root of a subgraph to be not archived. See comments in
1160     // archive_reachable_objects_from().
1161     return;
1162   }
1163 
1164   // Verify that all objects reachable from orig_obj are archived.
1165   init_seen_objects_table();
1166   verify_reachable_objects_from(orig_obj, false);
1167   delete_seen_objects_table();
1168 
1169   // Note: we could also verify that all objects reachable from the archived
1170   // copy of orig_obj can only point to archived objects, with:
1171   //      init_seen_objects_table();
1172   //      verify_reachable_objects_from(archived_obj, true);
1173   //      init_seen_objects_table();
1174   // but that's already done in G1HeapVerifier::verify_archive_regions so we
1175   // won't do it here.
1176 }
1177 
1178 void HeapShared::verify_reachable_objects_from(oop obj, bool is_archived) {
1179   _num_total_verifications ++;
1180   if (!has_been_seen_during_subgraph_recording(obj)) {
1181     set_has_been_seen_during_subgraph_recording(obj);
1182 
1183     if (is_archived) {
1184       assert(is_archived_object(obj), "must be");
1185       assert(find_archived_heap_object(obj) == NULL, "must be");
1186     } else {
1187       assert(!is_archived_object(obj), "must be");
1188       assert(find_archived_heap_object(obj) != NULL, "must be");
1189     }
1190 
1191     VerifySharedOopClosure walker(is_archived);
1192     obj->oop_iterate(&walker);
1193   }
1194 }
1195 #endif
1196 
1197 HeapShared::SeenObjectsTable* HeapShared::_seen_objects_table = NULL;
1198 int HeapShared::_num_new_walked_objs;
1199 int HeapShared::_num_new_archived_objs;
1200 int HeapShared::_num_old_recorded_klasses;
1201 
1202 int HeapShared::_num_total_subgraph_recordings = 0;
1203 int HeapShared::_num_total_walked_objs = 0;
1204 int HeapShared::_num_total_archived_objs = 0;
1205 int HeapShared::_num_total_recorded_klasses = 0;
1206 int HeapShared::_num_total_verifications = 0;
1207 
1208 bool HeapShared::has_been_seen_during_subgraph_recording(oop obj) {
1209   return _seen_objects_table->get(obj) != NULL;
1210 }
1211 
1212 void HeapShared::set_has_been_seen_during_subgraph_recording(oop obj) {
1213   assert(!has_been_seen_during_subgraph_recording(obj), "sanity");
1214   _seen_objects_table->put(obj, true);
1215   ++ _num_new_walked_objs;
1216 }
1217 
1218 void HeapShared::start_recording_subgraph(InstanceKlass *k, const char* class_name, bool is_full_module_graph) {
1219   log_info(cds, heap)("Start recording subgraph(s) for archived fields in %s", class_name);
1220   init_subgraph_info(k, is_full_module_graph);
1221   init_seen_objects_table();
1222   _num_new_walked_objs = 0;
1223   _num_new_archived_objs = 0;
1224   _num_old_recorded_klasses = get_subgraph_info(k)->num_subgraph_object_klasses();
1225 }
1226 
1227 void HeapShared::done_recording_subgraph(InstanceKlass *k, const char* class_name) {
1228   int num_new_recorded_klasses = get_subgraph_info(k)->num_subgraph_object_klasses() -
1229     _num_old_recorded_klasses;
1230   log_info(cds, heap)("Done recording subgraph(s) for archived fields in %s: "
1231                       "walked %d objs, archived %d new objs, recorded %d classes",
1232                       class_name, _num_new_walked_objs, _num_new_archived_objs,
1233                       num_new_recorded_klasses);
1234 
1235   delete_seen_objects_table();
1236 
1237   _num_total_subgraph_recordings ++;
1238   _num_total_walked_objs      += _num_new_walked_objs;
1239   _num_total_archived_objs    += _num_new_archived_objs;
1240   _num_total_recorded_klasses +=  num_new_recorded_klasses;
1241 }
1242 
1243 class ArchivableStaticFieldFinder: public FieldClosure {
1244   InstanceKlass* _ik;
1245   Symbol* _field_name;
1246   bool _found;
1247   int _offset;
1248 public:
1249   ArchivableStaticFieldFinder(InstanceKlass* ik, Symbol* field_name) :
1250     _ik(ik), _field_name(field_name), _found(false), _offset(-1) {}
1251 
1252   virtual void do_field(fieldDescriptor* fd) {
1253     if (fd->name() == _field_name) {
1254       assert(!_found, "fields cannot be overloaded");
1255       assert(is_reference_type(fd->field_type()), "can archive only fields that are references");
1256       _found = true;
1257       _offset = fd->offset();
1258     }
1259   }
1260   bool found()     { return _found;  }
1261   int offset()     { return _offset; }
1262 };
1263 
1264 void HeapShared::init_subgraph_entry_fields(ArchivableStaticFieldInfo fields[],
1265                                             int num, TRAPS) {
1266   for (int i = 0; i < num; i++) {
1267     ArchivableStaticFieldInfo* info = &fields[i];
1268     TempNewSymbol klass_name =  SymbolTable::new_symbol(info->klass_name);
1269     TempNewSymbol field_name =  SymbolTable::new_symbol(info->field_name);
1270 
1271     Klass* k = SystemDictionary::resolve_or_fail(klass_name, true, CHECK);
1272     InstanceKlass* ik = InstanceKlass::cast(k);
1273     assert(InstanceKlass::cast(ik)->is_shared_boot_class(),
1274            "Only support boot classes");
1275     ik->initialize(CHECK);
1276 
1277     ArchivableStaticFieldFinder finder(ik, field_name);
1278     ik->do_local_static_fields(&finder);
1279     assert(finder.found(), "field must exist");
1280 
1281     info->klass = ik;
1282     info->offset = finder.offset();
1283   }
1284 }
1285 
1286 void HeapShared::init_subgraph_entry_fields(TRAPS) {
1287   assert(is_heap_object_archiving_allowed(), "Sanity check");
1288   _dump_time_subgraph_info_table = new (ResourceObj::C_HEAP, mtClass)DumpTimeKlassSubGraphInfoTable();
1289   init_subgraph_entry_fields(closed_archive_subgraph_entry_fields,
1290                              num_closed_archive_subgraph_entry_fields,
1291                              CHECK);
1292   init_subgraph_entry_fields(open_archive_subgraph_entry_fields,
1293                              num_open_archive_subgraph_entry_fields,
1294                              CHECK);
1295   if (MetaspaceShared::use_full_module_graph()) {
1296     init_subgraph_entry_fields(fmg_open_archive_subgraph_entry_fields,
1297                                num_fmg_open_archive_subgraph_entry_fields,
1298                                CHECK);
1299   }
1300 }
1301 
1302 void HeapShared::init_for_dumping(TRAPS) {
1303   if (is_heap_object_archiving_allowed()) {
1304     _dumped_interned_strings = new (ResourceObj::C_HEAP, mtClass)DumpedInternedStrings();
1305     init_subgraph_entry_fields(CHECK);
1306   }
1307 }
1308 
1309 void HeapShared::archive_object_subgraphs(ArchivableStaticFieldInfo fields[],
1310                                           int num, bool is_closed_archive,
1311                                           bool is_full_module_graph) {
1312   _num_total_subgraph_recordings = 0;
1313   _num_total_walked_objs = 0;
1314   _num_total_archived_objs = 0;
1315   _num_total_recorded_klasses = 0;
1316   _num_total_verifications = 0;
1317 
1318   // For each class X that has one or more archived fields:
1319   // [1] Dump the subgraph of each archived field
1320   // [2] Create a list of all the class of the objects that can be reached
1321   //     by any of these static fields.
1322   //     At runtime, these classes are initialized before X's archived fields
1323   //     are restored by HeapShared::initialize_from_archived_subgraph().
1324   int i;
1325   for (i = 0; i < num; ) {
1326     ArchivableStaticFieldInfo* info = &fields[i];
1327     const char* klass_name = info->klass_name;
1328     start_recording_subgraph(info->klass, klass_name, is_full_module_graph);
1329 
1330     // If you have specified consecutive fields of the same klass in
1331     // fields[], these will be archived in the same
1332     // {start_recording_subgraph ... done_recording_subgraph} pass to
1333     // save time.
1334     for (; i < num; i++) {
1335       ArchivableStaticFieldInfo* f = &fields[i];
1336       if (f->klass_name != klass_name) {
1337         break;
1338       }
1339 
1340       archive_reachable_objects_from_static_field(f->klass, f->klass_name,
1341                                                   f->offset, f->field_name,
1342                                                   is_closed_archive);
1343     }
1344     done_recording_subgraph(info->klass, klass_name);
1345   }
1346 
1347   log_info(cds, heap)("Archived subgraph records in %s archive heap region = %d",
1348                       is_closed_archive ? "closed" : "open",
1349                       _num_total_subgraph_recordings);
1350   log_info(cds, heap)("  Walked %d objects", _num_total_walked_objs);
1351   log_info(cds, heap)("  Archived %d objects", _num_total_archived_objs);
1352   log_info(cds, heap)("  Recorded %d klasses", _num_total_recorded_klasses);
1353 
1354 #ifndef PRODUCT
1355   for (int i = 0; i < num; i++) {
1356     ArchivableStaticFieldInfo* f = &fields[i];
1357     verify_subgraph_from_static_field(f->klass, f->offset);
1358   }
1359   log_info(cds, heap)("  Verified %d references", _num_total_verifications);
1360 #endif
1361 }
1362 
1363 // Not all the strings in the global StringTable are dumped into the archive, because
1364 // some of those strings may be only referenced by classes that are excluded from
1365 // the archive. We need to explicitly mark the strings that are:
1366 //   [1] used by classes that WILL be archived;
1367 //   [2] included in the SharedArchiveConfigFile.
1368 void HeapShared::add_to_dumped_interned_strings(oop string) {
1369   assert_at_safepoint(); // DumpedInternedStrings uses raw oops
1370   bool created;
1371   _dumped_interned_strings->put_if_absent(string, true, &created);
1372 }
1373 
1374 // At dump-time, find the location of all the non-null oop pointers in an archived heap
1375 // region. This way we can quickly relocate all the pointers without using
1376 // BasicOopIterateClosure at runtime.
1377 class FindEmbeddedNonNullPointers: public BasicOopIterateClosure {
1378   narrowOop* _start;
1379   BitMap *_oopmap;
1380   int _num_total_oops;
1381   int _num_null_oops;
1382  public:
1383   FindEmbeddedNonNullPointers(narrowOop* start, BitMap* oopmap)
1384     : _start(start), _oopmap(oopmap), _num_total_oops(0),  _num_null_oops(0) {}
1385 
1386   virtual void do_oop(narrowOop* p) {
1387     _num_total_oops ++;
1388     narrowOop v = *p;
1389     if (!CompressedOops::is_null(v)) {
1390       size_t idx = p - _start;
1391       _oopmap->set_bit(idx);
1392     } else {
1393       _num_null_oops ++;
1394     }
1395   }
1396   virtual void do_oop(oop *p) {
1397     ShouldNotReachHere();
1398   }
1399   int num_total_oops() const { return _num_total_oops; }
1400   int num_null_oops()  const { return _num_null_oops; }
1401 };
1402 
1403 ResourceBitMap HeapShared::calculate_oopmap(MemRegion region) {
1404   assert(UseCompressedOops, "must be");
1405   size_t num_bits = region.byte_size() / sizeof(narrowOop);
1406   ResourceBitMap oopmap(num_bits);
1407 
1408   HeapWord* p   = region.start();
1409   HeapWord* end = region.end();
1410   FindEmbeddedNonNullPointers finder((narrowOop*)p, &oopmap);
1411   ArchiveBuilder* builder = DumpSharedSpaces ? ArchiveBuilder::current() : NULL;
1412 
1413   int num_objs = 0;
1414   while (p < end) {
1415     oop o = cast_to_oop(p);
1416     o->oop_iterate(&finder);
1417     p += o->size();
1418     if (DumpSharedSpaces) {
1419       builder->relocate_klass_ptr(o);
1420     }
1421     ++ num_objs;
1422   }
1423 
1424   log_info(cds, heap)("calculate_oopmap: objects = %6d, embedded oops = %7d, nulls = %7d",
1425                       num_objs, finder.num_total_oops(), finder.num_null_oops());
1426   return oopmap;
1427 }
1428 
1429 // Patch all the embedded oop pointers inside an archived heap region,
1430 // to be consistent with the runtime oop encoding.
1431 class PatchEmbeddedPointers: public BitMapClosure {
1432   narrowOop* _start;
1433 
1434  public:
1435   PatchEmbeddedPointers(narrowOop* start) : _start(start) {}
1436 
1437   bool do_bit(size_t offset) {
1438     narrowOop* p = _start + offset;
1439     narrowOop v = *p;
1440     assert(!CompressedOops::is_null(v), "null oops should have been filtered out at dump time");
1441     oop o = HeapShared::decode_from_archive(v);
1442     RawAccess<IS_NOT_NULL>::oop_store(p, o);
1443     return true;
1444   }
1445 };
1446 
1447 void HeapShared::patch_archived_heap_embedded_pointers(MemRegion region, address oopmap,
1448                                                        size_t oopmap_size_in_bits) {
1449   BitMapView bm((BitMap::bm_word_t*)oopmap, oopmap_size_in_bits);
1450 
1451 #ifndef PRODUCT
1452   ResourceMark rm;
1453   ResourceBitMap checkBm = calculate_oopmap(region);
1454   assert(bm.is_same(checkBm), "sanity");
1455 #endif
1456 
1457   PatchEmbeddedPointers patcher((narrowOop*)region.start());
1458   bm.iterate(&patcher);
1459 }
1460 
1461 #endif // INCLUDE_CDS_JAVA_HEAP