1 /*
  2  * Copyright (c) 2013, 2019, Red Hat, Inc. All rights reserved.
  3  * Copyright Amazon.com Inc. or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved.
  4  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  5  *
  6  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
  7  * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
  8  * published by the Free Software Foundation.
  9  *
 10  * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
 11  * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
 12  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
 13  * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
 14  * accompanied this code).
 15  *
 16  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
 17  * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
 18  * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
 19  *
 20  * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
 21  * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
 22  * questions.
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 25 
 26 #ifndef SHARE_GC_SHENANDOAH_SHENANDOAHHEAPREGION_HPP
 27 #define SHARE_GC_SHENANDOAH_SHENANDOAHHEAPREGION_HPP
 28 
 29 #include "gc/shared/gc_globals.hpp"
 30 #include "gc/shared/spaceDecorator.hpp"
 31 #include "gc/shenandoah/shenandoahAffiliation.hpp"
 32 #include "gc/shenandoah/shenandoahAgeCensus.hpp"
 33 #include "gc/shenandoah/shenandoahAllocRequest.hpp"
 34 #include "gc/shenandoah/shenandoahAsserts.hpp"
 35 #include "gc/shenandoah/shenandoahHeap.hpp"
 36 #include "gc/shenandoah/shenandoahPadding.hpp"
 37 #include "runtime/atomic.hpp"
 38 #include "utilities/sizes.hpp"
 39 
 40 class VMStructs;
 41 class ShenandoahHeapRegionStateConstant;
 42 
 43 class ShenandoahHeapRegion {
 44   friend class VMStructs;
 45   friend class ShenandoahHeapRegionStateConstant;
 46 private:
 47 
 48   /*
 49     Region state is described by a state machine. Transitions are guarded by
 50     heap lock, which allows changing the state of several regions atomically.
 51     Region states can be logically aggregated in groups.
 52 
 53       "Empty":
 54       .................................................................
 55       .                                                               .
 56       .                                                               .
 57       .         Uncommitted  <-------  Committed <------------------------\
 58       .              |                     |                          .   |
 59       .              \---------v-----------/                          .   |
 60       .                        |                                      .   |
 61       .........................|.......................................   |
 62                                |                                          |
 63       "Active":                |                                          |
 64       .........................|.......................................   |
 65       .                        |                                      .   |
 66       .      /-----------------^-------------------\                  .   |
 67       .      |                                     |                  .   |
 68       .      v                                     v    "Humongous":  .   |
 69       .   Regular ---\-----\     ..................O................  .   |
 70       .     |  ^     |     |     .                 |               .  .   |
 71       .     |  |     |     |     .                 *---------\     .  .   |
 72       .     v  |     |     |     .                 v         v     .  .   |
 73       .    Pinned  Cset    |     .  HStart <--> H/Start   H/Cont   .  .   |
 74       .       ^    / |     |     .  Pinned         v         |     .  .   |
 75       .       |   /  |     |     .                 *<--------/     .  .   |
 76       .       |  v   |     |     .                 |               .  .   |
 77       .  CsetPinned  |     |     ..................O................  .   |
 78       .              |     |                       |                  .   |
 79       .              \-----\---v-------------------/                  .   |
 80       .                        |                                      .   |
 81       .........................|.......................................   |
 82                                |                                          |
 83       "Trash":                 |                                          |
 84       .........................|.......................................   |
 85       .                        |                                      .   |
 86       .                        v                                      .   |
 87       .                      Trash ---------------------------------------/
 88       .                                                               .
 89       .                                                               .
 90       .................................................................
 91 
 92     Transition from "Empty" to "Active" is first allocation. It can go from {Uncommitted, Committed}
 93     to {Regular, "Humongous"}. The allocation may happen in Regular regions too, but not in Humongous.
 94 
 95     Transition from "Active" to "Trash" is reclamation. It can go from CSet during the normal cycle,
 96     and from {Regular, "Humongous"} for immediate reclamation. The existence of Trash state allows
 97     quick reclamation without actual cleaning up.
 98 
 99     Transition from "Trash" to "Empty" is recycling. It cleans up the regions and corresponding metadata.
100     Can be done asynchronously and in bulk.
101 
102     Note how internal transitions disallow logic bugs:
103       a) No region can go Empty, unless properly reclaimed/recycled;
104       b) No region can go Uncommitted, unless reclaimed/recycled first;
105       c) Only Regular regions can go to CSet;
106       d) Pinned cannot go Trash, thus it could never be reclaimed until unpinned;
107       e) Pinned cannot go CSet, thus it never moves;
108       f) Humongous cannot be used for regular allocations;
109       g) Humongous cannot go CSet, thus it never moves;
110       h) Humongous start can go pinned, and thus can be protected from moves (humongous continuations should
111          follow associated humongous starts, not pinnable/movable by themselves);
112       i) Empty cannot go Trash, avoiding useless work;
113       j) ...
114    */
115 
116   enum RegionState {
117     _empty_uncommitted,       // region is empty and has memory uncommitted
118     _empty_committed,         // region is empty and has memory committed
119     _regular,                 // region is for regular allocations
120     _humongous_start,         // region is the humongous start
121     _humongous_cont,          // region is the humongous continuation
122     _pinned_humongous_start,  // region is both humongous start and pinned
123     _cset,                    // region is in collection set
124     _pinned,                  // region is pinned
125     _pinned_cset,             // region is pinned and in cset (evac failure path)
126     _trash,                   // region contains only trash
127     _REGION_STATES_NUM        // last
128   };
129 
130 public:
131   static const char* region_state_to_string(RegionState s) {
132     switch (s) {
133       case _empty_uncommitted:       return "Empty Uncommitted";
134       case _empty_committed:         return "Empty Committed";
135       case _regular:                 return "Regular";
136       case _humongous_start:         return "Humongous Start";
137       case _humongous_cont:          return "Humongous Continuation";
138       case _pinned_humongous_start:  return "Humongous Start, Pinned";
139       case _cset:                    return "Collection Set";
140       case _pinned:                  return "Pinned";
141       case _pinned_cset:             return "Collection Set, Pinned";
142       case _trash:                   return "Trash";
143       default:
144         ShouldNotReachHere();
145         return "";
146     }
147   }
148 
149 private:
150   // This method protects from accidental changes in enum order:
151   int region_state_to_ordinal(RegionState s) const {
152     switch (s) {
153       case _empty_uncommitted:      return 0;
154       case _empty_committed:        return 1;
155       case _regular:                return 2;
156       case _humongous_start:        return 3;
157       case _humongous_cont:         return 4;
158       case _cset:                   return 5;
159       case _pinned:                 return 6;
160       case _trash:                  return 7;
161       case _pinned_cset:            return 8;
162       case _pinned_humongous_start: return 9;
163       default:
164         ShouldNotReachHere();
165         return -1;
166     }
167   }
168 
169   void report_illegal_transition(const char* method);
170   void recycle_internal();
171 
172 public:
173   static int region_states_num() {
174     return _REGION_STATES_NUM;
175   }
176 
177   // Allowed transitions from the outside code:
178   void make_regular_allocation(ShenandoahAffiliation affiliation);
179   void make_affiliated_maybe();
180   void make_regular_bypass();
181   void make_humongous_start();
182   void make_humongous_cont();
183   void make_humongous_start_bypass(ShenandoahAffiliation affiliation);
184   void make_humongous_cont_bypass(ShenandoahAffiliation affiliation);
185   void make_pinned();
186   void make_unpinned();
187   void make_cset();
188   void make_trash();
189   void make_trash_immediate();
190   void make_empty();
191   void make_uncommitted();
192   void make_committed_bypass();
193 
194   // Primitive state predicates
195   bool is_empty_uncommitted()      const { return state() == _empty_uncommitted; }
196   bool is_empty_committed()        const { return state() == _empty_committed; }
197   bool is_regular()                const { return state() == _regular; }
198   bool is_humongous_continuation() const { return state() == _humongous_cont; }
199   bool is_regular_pinned()         const { return state() == _pinned; }
200   bool is_trash()                  const { return is_trash(state()); }
201 
202   // Derived state predicates (boolean combinations of individual states)
203   bool static is_trash(RegionState state) { return state == _trash; }
204   bool static is_empty_state(RegionState state) { return state == _empty_committed || state == _empty_uncommitted; }
205   bool static is_humongous_start_state(RegionState state) { return state == _humongous_start || state == _pinned_humongous_start; }
206   bool is_empty_or_trash()         const { auto cur_state = state(); return is_empty_state(cur_state) || cur_state == _trash; }
207   bool is_empty()                  const { return is_empty_state(this->state()); }
208   bool is_active()                 const { auto cur_state = state(); return !is_empty_state(cur_state) && cur_state != _trash; }
209   bool is_humongous_start()        const { return is_humongous_start_state(state()); }
210   bool is_humongous()              const { auto cur_state = state(); return is_humongous_start_state(cur_state) || cur_state == _humongous_cont; }
211   bool is_committed()              const { return !is_empty_uncommitted(); }
212   bool is_cset()                   const { auto cur_state = state(); return cur_state == _cset || cur_state == _pinned_cset; }
213   bool is_pinned()                 const { auto cur_state = state(); return cur_state == _pinned || cur_state == _pinned_cset || cur_state == _pinned_humongous_start; }
214   bool is_regular_or_regular_pinned() const { auto cur_state = state(); return cur_state == _regular || cur_state == _pinned; }
215 
216   inline bool is_young() const;
217   inline bool is_old() const;
218   inline bool is_affiliated() const;
219 
220   // Macro-properties:
221   bool is_alloc_allowed()          const { auto cur_state = state(); return is_empty_state(cur_state) || cur_state == _regular || cur_state == _pinned; }
222   bool is_stw_move_allowed()       const { auto cur_state = state(); return cur_state == _regular || cur_state == _cset || (ShenandoahHumongousMoves && cur_state == _humongous_start); }
223 
224   RegionState state()              const { return _state.load_acquire(); }
225   int  state_ordinal()             const { return region_state_to_ordinal(state()); }
226 
227   void record_pin();
228   void record_unpin();
229   size_t pin_count() const;
230 
231 private:
232   static size_t RegionCount;
233   static size_t RegionSizeBytes;
234   static size_t RegionSizeWords;
235   static size_t RegionSizeBytesShift;
236   static size_t RegionSizeWordsShift;
237   static size_t RegionSizeBytesMask;
238   static size_t RegionSizeWordsMask;
239   static size_t MaxTLABSizeBytes;
240   static size_t MaxTLABSizeWords;
241 
242   // Never updated fields
243   size_t const _index;
244   HeapWord* const _bottom;
245   HeapWord* const _end;
246 
247   // Rarely updated fields
248   HeapWord* _new_top;
249   double _empty_time;
250 
251   HeapWord* _top_before_promoted;
252   HeapWord* _top_at_evac_start;
253 
254   // Seldom updated fields
255   Atomic<RegionState> _state;
256   HeapWord* _coalesce_and_fill_boundary; // for old regions not selected as collection set candidates.
257 
258   // Frequently updated fields
259   HeapWord* _top;
260 
261   size_t _tlab_allocs;
262   size_t _gclab_allocs;
263   size_t _plab_allocs;
264 
265   Atomic<size_t> _live_data;
266   Atomic<size_t> _critical_pins;
267 
268   size_t _mixed_candidate_garbage_words;
269 
270   Atomic<HeapWord*> _update_watermark;
271 
272   uint _age;
273   bool _promoted_in_place;
274   CENSUS_NOISE(uint _youth;)   // tracks epochs of retrograde ageing (rejuvenation)
275 
276   ShenandoahSharedFlag _recycling; // Used to indicate that the region is being recycled; see try_recycle*().
277 
278   // Set when an evacuation failure self-forwarded at least one object in this
279   // region. The drain at degen/full GC entry scans flagged regions and CAS-
280   // clears the self_fwd bits. Safety-net reset on region recycle.
281   ShenandoahSharedFlag _has_self_forwards;
282 
283   bool _needs_bitmap_reset;
284 
285 public:
286   ShenandoahHeapRegion(HeapWord* start, size_t index, bool committed);
287 
288   // Absolute minimums and maximums we should not ever break.
289   static const size_t MIN_NUM_REGIONS = 10;
290   static const size_t MIN_REGION_SIZE = 256*K;
291   static const size_t MAX_REGION_SIZE = 32*M;
292 
293   // Return adjusted max heap size
294   static size_t setup_sizes(size_t max_heap_size);
295 
296   double empty_time() {
297     return _empty_time;
298   }
299 
300   inline static size_t required_regions(size_t bytes) {
301     return (bytes + ShenandoahHeapRegion::region_size_bytes() - 1) >> ShenandoahHeapRegion::region_size_bytes_shift();
302   }
303 
304   inline static bool requires_humongous(size_t words) {
305     return words > ShenandoahHeapRegion::RegionSizeWords;
306   }
307 
308   inline static size_t region_count() {
309     return ShenandoahHeapRegion::RegionCount;
310   }
311 
312   inline static size_t region_size_bytes() {
313     return ShenandoahHeapRegion::RegionSizeBytes;
314   }
315 
316   inline static size_t region_size_words() {
317     return ShenandoahHeapRegion::RegionSizeWords;
318   }
319 
320   inline static size_t region_size_bytes_shift() {
321     return ShenandoahHeapRegion::RegionSizeBytesShift;
322   }
323 
324   inline static size_t region_size_words_shift() {
325     return ShenandoahHeapRegion::RegionSizeWordsShift;
326   }
327 
328   inline static size_t region_size_bytes_mask() {
329     return ShenandoahHeapRegion::RegionSizeBytesMask;
330   }
331 
332   inline static size_t region_size_words_mask() {
333     return ShenandoahHeapRegion::RegionSizeWordsMask;
334   }
335 
336   // Convert to jint with sanity checking
337   inline static jint region_size_bytes_jint() {
338     assert (ShenandoahHeapRegion::RegionSizeBytes <= (size_t)max_jint, "sanity");
339     return (jint)ShenandoahHeapRegion::RegionSizeBytes;
340   }
341 
342   // Convert to jint with sanity checking
343   inline static jint region_size_words_jint() {
344     assert (ShenandoahHeapRegion::RegionSizeWords <= (size_t)max_jint, "sanity");
345     return (jint)ShenandoahHeapRegion::RegionSizeWords;
346   }
347 
348   // Convert to jint with sanity checking
349   inline static jint region_size_bytes_shift_jint() {
350     assert (ShenandoahHeapRegion::RegionSizeBytesShift <= (size_t)max_jint, "sanity");
351     return (jint)ShenandoahHeapRegion::RegionSizeBytesShift;
352   }
353 
354   // Convert to jint with sanity checking
355   inline static jint region_size_words_shift_jint() {
356     assert (ShenandoahHeapRegion::RegionSizeWordsShift <= (size_t)max_jint, "sanity");
357     return (jint)ShenandoahHeapRegion::RegionSizeWordsShift;
358   }
359 
360   inline static size_t max_tlab_size_bytes() {
361     return ShenandoahHeapRegion::MaxTLABSizeBytes;
362   }
363 
364   inline static size_t max_tlab_size_words() {
365     return ShenandoahHeapRegion::MaxTLABSizeWords;
366   }
367 
368   inline size_t index() const {
369     return _index;
370   }
371 
372   inline void save_top_before_promote();
373   inline HeapWord* get_top_before_promote() const { return _top_before_promoted; }
374 
375   inline void set_promoted_in_place() {
376     _promoted_in_place = true;
377   }
378 
379   // Returns true iff this region was promoted in place subsequent to the most recent start of concurrent old marking.
380   bool was_promoted_in_place() const {
381     return _promoted_in_place;
382   }
383   inline void restore_top_before_promote();
384   inline size_t garbage_before_padded_for_promote() const;
385 
386   HeapWord* get_top_at_evac_start() const { return _top_at_evac_start; }
387   void record_top_at_evac_start()         { _top_at_evac_start = _top; }
388 
389   // Allocation (return nullptr if full)
390   inline HeapWord* allocate(size_t word_size, const ShenandoahAllocRequest& req);
391 
392   // Allocate fill after top
393   inline HeapWord* allocate_fill(size_t word_size);
394 
395   inline void clear_live_data();
396   void set_live_data(size_t s);
397 
398   // Increase live data for newly allocated region
399   inline void increase_live_data_alloc_words(size_t s);
400 
401   // Increase live data for region scanned with GC
402   inline void increase_live_data_gc_words(size_t s);
403 
404   inline bool has_live() const;
405 
406   // Represents the number of live bytes identified by most recent marking effort.  Does not include the bytes
407   // above TAMS.
408   inline size_t get_live_data_bytes() const;
409 
410   // Represents the number of live words identified by most recent marking effort.  Does not include the words
411   // above TAMS.
412   inline size_t get_live_data_words() const;
413 
414   inline size_t get_mixed_candidate_live_data_bytes() const;
415   inline size_t get_mixed_candidate_live_data_words() const;
416 
417   inline void capture_mixed_candidate_garbage();
418 
419   // Returns garbage by calculating difference between used and get_live_data_words.  The value returned is only
420   // meaningful immediately following completion of marking.  If there have been subsequent allocations in this region,
421   // use a different approach to determine garbage, such as (used() - get_mixed_candidate_live_data_bytes())
422   inline size_t garbage() const;
423 
424   void print_on(outputStream* st) const;
425 
426   void try_recycle_under_lock();
427 
428   void try_recycle();
429 
430   inline void begin_preemptible_coalesce_and_fill() {
431     _coalesce_and_fill_boundary = _bottom;
432   }
433 
434   inline void end_preemptible_coalesce_and_fill() {
435     _coalesce_and_fill_boundary = _end;
436   }
437 
438   inline void suspend_coalesce_and_fill(HeapWord* next_focus) {
439     _coalesce_and_fill_boundary = next_focus;
440   }
441 
442   inline HeapWord* resume_coalesce_and_fill() {
443     return _coalesce_and_fill_boundary;
444   }
445 
446   // Coalesce contiguous spans of garbage objects by filling header and registering start locations with remembered set.
447   // This is used by old-gen GC following concurrent marking to make old-gen HeapRegions parsable. Old regions must be
448   // parsable because the mark bitmap is not reliable during the concurrent old mark.
449   // Return true iff region is completely coalesced and filled.  Returns false if cancelled before task is complete.
450   bool oop_coalesce_and_fill(bool cancellable);
451 
452   // Invoke closure on every reference contained within the humongous object that spans this humongous
453   // region if the reference is contained within a DIRTY card and the reference is no more than words following
454   // start within the humongous object.
455   void oop_iterate_humongous_slice_dirty(OopIterateClosure* cl, HeapWord* start, size_t words, bool write_table) const;
456 
457   // Invoke closure on every reference contained within the humongous object starting from start and
458   // ending at start + words.
459   void oop_iterate_humongous_slice_all(OopIterateClosure* cl, HeapWord* start, size_t words) const;
460 
461   HeapWord* block_start(const void* p) const;
462   size_t block_size(const HeapWord* p) const;
463   bool block_is_obj(const HeapWord* p) const { return p < top(); }
464 
465   // Find humongous start region that this region belongs to
466   ShenandoahHeapRegion* humongous_start_region() const;
467 
468   HeapWord* top() const         { return _top;     }
469   void set_top(HeapWord* v)     { _top = v;        }
470 
471   HeapWord* new_top() const     { return _new_top; }
472   void set_new_top(HeapWord* v) { _new_top = v;    }
473 
474   HeapWord* bottom() const      { return _bottom;  }
475   HeapWord* end() const         { return _end;     }
476 
477   size_t capacity() const       { return byte_size(bottom(), end()); }
478   size_t used() const           { return byte_size(bottom(), top()); }
479   size_t used_before_promote() const { return byte_size(bottom(), get_top_before_promote()); }
480   size_t free() const           { return byte_size(top(),    end()); }
481 
482   // Does this region contain this address?
483   bool contains(HeapWord* p) const {
484     return (bottom() <= p) && (p < top());
485   }
486 
487   inline void adjust_alloc_metadata(const ShenandoahAllocRequest &req, size_t);
488   void reset_alloc_metadata();
489   size_t get_shared_allocs() const;
490   size_t get_tlab_allocs() const;
491   size_t get_gclab_allocs() const;
492   size_t get_plab_allocs() const;
493 
494   inline HeapWord* get_update_watermark() const;
495   inline void set_update_watermark(HeapWord* w);
496   inline void set_update_watermark_at_safepoint(HeapWord* w);
497 
498   inline ShenandoahAffiliation affiliation() const;
499   inline const char* affiliation_name() const;
500 
501   void set_affiliation(ShenandoahAffiliation new_affiliation);
502 
503   // Region ageing and rejuvenation
504   uint age() const { return _age; }
505   CENSUS_NOISE(uint youth() const { return _youth; })
506 
507   void increment_age() {
508     const uint max_age = markWord::max_age;
509     assert(_age <= max_age, "Error");
510     if (_age++ >= max_age) {
511       _age = max_age;   // clamp
512     }
513   }
514 
515   void reset_age() {
516     CENSUS_NOISE(_youth += _age;)
517     _age = 0;
518   }
519 
520   CENSUS_NOISE(void clear_youth() { _youth = 0; })
521 
522   inline bool need_bitmap_reset() const {
523     return _needs_bitmap_reset;
524   }
525 
526   inline void set_needs_bitmap_reset() {
527     _needs_bitmap_reset = true;
528   }
529 
530   inline void unset_needs_bitmap_reset() {
531     _needs_bitmap_reset = false;
532   }
533 
534   // Self-forward accounting: set by an evacuating thread after it successfully
535   // installs a self-forward mark on an object in this region. Tested and cleared
536   // at the drain phase (degen/full GC entry) and again on region recycle.
537   bool has_self_forwards() const { return _has_self_forwards.is_set(); }
538   void set_has_self_forwards()   { _has_self_forwards.set(); }
539   void clear_has_self_forwards() { _has_self_forwards.unset(); }
540 
541 private:
542   void decrement_humongous_waste();
543   void do_commit();
544   void do_uncommit();
545 
546   inline void internal_increase_live_data(size_t s);
547 
548   void set_state(RegionState to);
549 };
550 
551 #endif // SHARE_GC_SHENANDOAH_SHENANDOAHHEAPREGION_HPP