1 /*
   2  * Copyright (c) 1997, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
   3  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
   4  *
   5  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
   6  * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
   7  * published by the Free Software Foundation.
   8  *
   9  * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
  10  * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
  11  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
  12  * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
  13  * accompanied this code).
  14  *
  15  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
  16  * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
  17  * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
  18  *
  19  * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
  20  * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
  21  * questions.
  22  *
  23  */
  24 
  25 #include "cds/cds_globals.hpp"
  26 #include "cds/cdsConfig.hpp"
  27 #include "classfile/classLoader.hpp"
  28 #include "classfile/javaAssertions.hpp"
  29 #include "classfile/moduleEntry.hpp"
  30 #include "classfile/stringTable.hpp"
  31 #include "classfile/symbolTable.hpp"
  32 #include "compiler/compilerDefinitions.hpp"
  33 #include "gc/shared/gcArguments.hpp"
  34 #include "gc/shared/gcConfig.hpp"
  35 #include "gc/shared/genArguments.hpp"
  36 #include "gc/shared/stringdedup/stringDedup.hpp"
  37 #include "gc/shared/tlab_globals.hpp"
  38 #include "jvm.h"
  39 #include "logging/log.hpp"
  40 #include "logging/logConfiguration.hpp"
  41 #include "logging/logStream.hpp"
  42 #include "logging/logTag.hpp"
  43 #include "memory/allocation.inline.hpp"
  44 #include "nmt/nmtCommon.hpp"
  45 #include "oops/compressedKlass.hpp"
  46 #include "oops/instanceKlass.hpp"
  47 #include "oops/objLayout.hpp"
  48 #include "oops/oop.inline.hpp"
  49 #include "prims/jvmtiAgentList.hpp"
  50 #include "prims/jvmtiExport.hpp"
  51 #include "runtime/arguments.hpp"
  52 #include "runtime/flags/jvmFlag.hpp"
  53 #include "runtime/flags/jvmFlagAccess.hpp"
  54 #include "runtime/flags/jvmFlagLimit.hpp"
  55 #include "runtime/globals_extension.hpp"
  56 #include "runtime/java.hpp"
  57 #include "runtime/os.hpp"
  58 #include "runtime/safepoint.hpp"
  59 #include "runtime/safepointMechanism.hpp"
  60 #include "runtime/synchronizer.hpp"
  61 #include "runtime/vm_version.hpp"
  62 #include "services/management.hpp"
  63 #include "utilities/align.hpp"
  64 #include "utilities/checkedCast.hpp"
  65 #include "utilities/debug.hpp"
  66 #include "utilities/defaultStream.hpp"
  67 #include "utilities/macros.hpp"
  68 #include "utilities/parseInteger.hpp"
  69 #include "utilities/powerOfTwo.hpp"
  70 #include "utilities/stringUtils.hpp"
  71 #include "utilities/systemMemoryBarrier.hpp"
  72 #if INCLUDE_JFR
  73 #include "jfr/jfr.hpp"
  74 #endif
  75 
  76 #include <limits>
  77 
  78 static const char _default_java_launcher[] = "generic";
  79 
  80 #define DEFAULT_JAVA_LAUNCHER _default_java_launcher
  81 
  82 char*  Arguments::_jvm_flags_file               = nullptr;
  83 char** Arguments::_jvm_flags_array              = nullptr;
  84 int    Arguments::_num_jvm_flags                = 0;
  85 char** Arguments::_jvm_args_array               = nullptr;
  86 int    Arguments::_num_jvm_args                 = 0;
  87 unsigned int Arguments::_addmods_count          = 0;
  88 char*  Arguments::_java_command                 = nullptr;
  89 SystemProperty* Arguments::_system_properties   = nullptr;
  90 size_t Arguments::_conservative_max_heap_alignment = 0;
  91 Arguments::Mode Arguments::_mode                = _mixed;
  92 const char*  Arguments::_java_vendor_url_bug    = nullptr;
  93 const char*  Arguments::_sun_java_launcher      = DEFAULT_JAVA_LAUNCHER;
  94 bool   Arguments::_executing_unit_tests         = false;
  95 
  96 // These parameters are reset in method parse_vm_init_args()
  97 bool   Arguments::_AlwaysCompileLoopMethods     = AlwaysCompileLoopMethods;
  98 bool   Arguments::_UseOnStackReplacement        = UseOnStackReplacement;
  99 bool   Arguments::_BackgroundCompilation        = BackgroundCompilation;
 100 bool   Arguments::_ClipInlining                 = ClipInlining;
 101 size_t Arguments::_default_SharedBaseAddress    = SharedBaseAddress;
 102 
 103 bool   Arguments::_enable_preview               = false;
 104 bool   Arguments::_has_jdwp_agent               = false;
 105 
 106 LegacyGCLogging Arguments::_legacyGCLogging     = { nullptr, 0 };
 107 
 108 // These are not set by the JDK's built-in launchers, but they can be set by
 109 // programs that embed the JVM using JNI_CreateJavaVM. See comments around
 110 // JavaVMOption in jni.h.
 111 abort_hook_t     Arguments::_abort_hook         = nullptr;
 112 exit_hook_t      Arguments::_exit_hook          = nullptr;
 113 vfprintf_hook_t  Arguments::_vfprintf_hook      = nullptr;
 114 
 115 
 116 SystemProperty *Arguments::_sun_boot_library_path = nullptr;
 117 SystemProperty *Arguments::_java_library_path = nullptr;
 118 SystemProperty *Arguments::_java_home = nullptr;
 119 SystemProperty *Arguments::_java_class_path = nullptr;
 120 SystemProperty *Arguments::_jdk_boot_class_path_append = nullptr;
 121 SystemProperty *Arguments::_vm_info = nullptr;
 122 
 123 GrowableArray<ModulePatchPath*> *Arguments::_patch_mod_prefix = nullptr;
 124 PathString *Arguments::_boot_class_path = nullptr;
 125 bool Arguments::_has_jimage = false;
 126 
 127 char* Arguments::_ext_dirs = nullptr;
 128 
 129 // True if -Xshare:auto option was specified.
 130 static bool xshare_auto_cmd_line = false;
 131 
 132 // True if -Xint/-Xmixed/-Xcomp were specified
 133 static bool mode_flag_cmd_line = false;
 134 
 135 bool PathString::set_value(const char *value, AllocFailType alloc_failmode) {
 136   char* new_value = AllocateHeap(strlen(value)+1, mtArguments, alloc_failmode);
 137   if (new_value == nullptr) {
 138     assert(alloc_failmode == AllocFailStrategy::RETURN_NULL, "must be");
 139     return false;
 140   }
 141   if (_value != nullptr) {
 142     FreeHeap(_value);
 143   }
 144   _value = new_value;
 145   strcpy(_value, value);
 146   return true;
 147 }
 148 
 149 void PathString::append_value(const char *value) {
 150   char *sp;
 151   size_t len = 0;
 152   if (value != nullptr) {
 153     len = strlen(value);
 154     if (_value != nullptr) {
 155       len += strlen(_value);
 156     }
 157     sp = AllocateHeap(len+2, mtArguments);
 158     assert(sp != nullptr, "Unable to allocate space for new append path value");
 159     if (sp != nullptr) {
 160       if (_value != nullptr) {
 161         strcpy(sp, _value);
 162         strcat(sp, os::path_separator());
 163         strcat(sp, value);
 164         FreeHeap(_value);
 165       } else {
 166         strcpy(sp, value);
 167       }
 168       _value = sp;
 169     }
 170   }
 171 }
 172 
 173 PathString::PathString(const char* value) {
 174   if (value == nullptr) {
 175     _value = nullptr;
 176   } else {
 177     _value = AllocateHeap(strlen(value)+1, mtArguments);
 178     strcpy(_value, value);
 179   }
 180 }
 181 
 182 PathString::~PathString() {
 183   if (_value != nullptr) {
 184     FreeHeap(_value);
 185     _value = nullptr;
 186   }
 187 }
 188 
 189 ModulePatchPath::ModulePatchPath(const char* module_name, const char* path) {
 190   assert(module_name != nullptr && path != nullptr, "Invalid module name or path value");
 191   size_t len = strlen(module_name) + 1;
 192   _module_name = AllocateHeap(len, mtInternal);
 193   strncpy(_module_name, module_name, len); // copy the trailing null
 194   _path =  new PathString(path);
 195 }
 196 
 197 ModulePatchPath::~ModulePatchPath() {
 198   if (_module_name != nullptr) {
 199     FreeHeap(_module_name);
 200     _module_name = nullptr;
 201   }
 202   if (_path != nullptr) {
 203     delete _path;
 204     _path = nullptr;
 205   }
 206 }
 207 
 208 SystemProperty::SystemProperty(const char* key, const char* value, bool writeable, bool internal) : PathString(value) {
 209   if (key == nullptr) {
 210     _key = nullptr;
 211   } else {
 212     _key = AllocateHeap(strlen(key)+1, mtArguments);
 213     strcpy(_key, key);
 214   }
 215   _next = nullptr;
 216   _internal = internal;
 217   _writeable = writeable;
 218 }
 219 
 220 // Check if head of 'option' matches 'name', and sets 'tail' to the remaining
 221 // part of the option string.
 222 static bool match_option(const JavaVMOption *option, const char* name,
 223                          const char** tail) {
 224   size_t len = strlen(name);
 225   if (strncmp(option->optionString, name, len) == 0) {
 226     *tail = option->optionString + len;
 227     return true;
 228   } else {
 229     return false;
 230   }
 231 }
 232 
 233 // Check if 'option' matches 'name'. No "tail" is allowed.
 234 static bool match_option(const JavaVMOption *option, const char* name) {
 235   const char* tail = nullptr;
 236   bool result = match_option(option, name, &tail);
 237   if (tail != nullptr && *tail == '\0') {
 238     return result;
 239   } else {
 240     return false;
 241   }
 242 }
 243 
 244 // Return true if any of the strings in null-terminated array 'names' matches.
 245 // If tail_allowed is true, then the tail must begin with a colon; otherwise,
 246 // the option must match exactly.
 247 static bool match_option(const JavaVMOption* option, const char** names, const char** tail,
 248   bool tail_allowed) {
 249   for (/* empty */; *names != nullptr; ++names) {
 250   if (match_option(option, *names, tail)) {
 251       if (**tail == '\0' || (tail_allowed && **tail == ':')) {
 252         return true;
 253       }
 254     }
 255   }
 256   return false;
 257 }
 258 
 259 #if INCLUDE_JFR
 260 static bool _has_jfr_option = false;  // is using JFR
 261 
 262 // return true on failure
 263 static bool match_jfr_option(const JavaVMOption** option) {
 264   assert((*option)->optionString != nullptr, "invariant");
 265   char* tail = nullptr;
 266   if (match_option(*option, "-XX:StartFlightRecording", (const char**)&tail)) {
 267     _has_jfr_option = true;
 268     return Jfr::on_start_flight_recording_option(option, tail);
 269   } else if (match_option(*option, "-XX:FlightRecorderOptions", (const char**)&tail)) {
 270     _has_jfr_option = true;
 271     return Jfr::on_flight_recorder_option(option, tail);
 272   }
 273   return false;
 274 }
 275 
 276 bool Arguments::has_jfr_option() {
 277   return _has_jfr_option;
 278 }
 279 #endif
 280 
 281 static void logOption(const char* opt) {
 282   if (PrintVMOptions) {
 283     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(), "VM option '%s'\n", opt);
 284   }
 285 }
 286 
 287 bool needs_module_property_warning = false;
 288 
 289 #define MODULE_PROPERTY_PREFIX "jdk.module."
 290 #define MODULE_PROPERTY_PREFIX_LEN 11
 291 #define ADDEXPORTS "addexports"
 292 #define ADDEXPORTS_LEN 10
 293 #define ADDREADS "addreads"
 294 #define ADDREADS_LEN 8
 295 #define ADDOPENS "addopens"
 296 #define ADDOPENS_LEN 8
 297 #define PATCH "patch"
 298 #define PATCH_LEN 5
 299 #define ADDMODS "addmods"
 300 #define ADDMODS_LEN 7
 301 #define LIMITMODS "limitmods"
 302 #define LIMITMODS_LEN 9
 303 #define PATH "path"
 304 #define PATH_LEN 4
 305 #define UPGRADE_PATH "upgrade.path"
 306 #define UPGRADE_PATH_LEN 12
 307 #define ENABLE_NATIVE_ACCESS "enable.native.access"
 308 #define ENABLE_NATIVE_ACCESS_LEN 20
 309 #define ILLEGAL_NATIVE_ACCESS "illegal.native.access"
 310 #define ILLEGAL_NATIVE_ACCESS_LEN 21
 311 
 312 // Return TRUE if option matches 'property', or 'property=', or 'property.'.
 313 static bool matches_property_suffix(const char* option, const char* property, size_t len) {
 314   return ((strncmp(option, property, len) == 0) &&
 315           (option[len] == '=' || option[len] == '.' || option[len] == '\0'));
 316 }
 317 
 318 // Return true if property starts with "jdk.module." and its ensuing chars match
 319 // any of the reserved module properties.
 320 // property should be passed without the leading "-D".
 321 bool Arguments::is_internal_module_property(const char* property) {
 322   return internal_module_property_helper(property, false);
 323 }
 324 
 325 // Returns true if property is one of those recognized by is_internal_module_property() but
 326 // is not supported by CDS archived full module graph.
 327 bool Arguments::is_incompatible_cds_internal_module_property(const char* property) {
 328   return internal_module_property_helper(property, true);
 329 }
 330 
 331 bool Arguments::internal_module_property_helper(const char* property, bool check_for_cds) {
 332   if (strncmp(property, MODULE_PROPERTY_PREFIX, MODULE_PROPERTY_PREFIX_LEN) == 0) {
 333     const char* property_suffix = property + MODULE_PROPERTY_PREFIX_LEN;
 334     if (matches_property_suffix(property_suffix, ADDREADS, ADDREADS_LEN) ||
 335         matches_property_suffix(property_suffix, PATCH, PATCH_LEN) ||
 336         matches_property_suffix(property_suffix, LIMITMODS, LIMITMODS_LEN) ||
 337         matches_property_suffix(property_suffix, UPGRADE_PATH, UPGRADE_PATH_LEN) ||
 338         matches_property_suffix(property_suffix, ILLEGAL_NATIVE_ACCESS, ILLEGAL_NATIVE_ACCESS_LEN)) {
 339       return true;
 340     }
 341 
 342     if (!check_for_cds) {
 343       // CDS notes: these properties are supported by CDS archived full module graph.
 344       if (matches_property_suffix(property_suffix, ADDEXPORTS, ADDEXPORTS_LEN) ||
 345           matches_property_suffix(property_suffix, ADDOPENS, ADDOPENS_LEN) ||
 346           matches_property_suffix(property_suffix, PATH, PATH_LEN) ||
 347           matches_property_suffix(property_suffix, ADDMODS, ADDMODS_LEN) ||
 348           matches_property_suffix(property_suffix, ENABLE_NATIVE_ACCESS, ENABLE_NATIVE_ACCESS_LEN)) {
 349         return true;
 350       }
 351     }
 352   }
 353   return false;
 354 }
 355 
 356 // Process java launcher properties.
 357 void Arguments::process_sun_java_launcher_properties(JavaVMInitArgs* args) {
 358   // See if sun.java.launcher is defined.
 359   // Must do this before setting up other system properties,
 360   // as some of them may depend on launcher type.
 361   for (int index = 0; index < args->nOptions; index++) {
 362     const JavaVMOption* option = args->options + index;
 363     const char* tail;
 364 
 365     if (match_option(option, "-Dsun.java.launcher=", &tail)) {
 366       process_java_launcher_argument(tail, option->extraInfo);
 367       continue;
 368     }
 369     if (match_option(option, "-XX:+ExecutingUnitTests")) {
 370       _executing_unit_tests = true;
 371       continue;
 372     }
 373   }
 374 }
 375 
 376 // Initialize system properties key and value.
 377 void Arguments::init_system_properties() {
 378 
 379   // Set up _boot_class_path which is not a property but
 380   // relies heavily on argument processing and the jdk.boot.class.path.append
 381   // property. It is used to store the underlying boot class path.
 382   _boot_class_path = new PathString(nullptr);
 383 
 384   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, new SystemProperty("java.vm.specification.name",
 385                                                            "Java Virtual Machine Specification",  false));
 386   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, new SystemProperty("java.vm.version", VM_Version::vm_release(),  false));
 387   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, new SystemProperty("java.vm.name", VM_Version::vm_name(),  false));
 388   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, new SystemProperty("jdk.debug", VM_Version::jdk_debug_level(),  false));
 389 
 390   // Initialize the vm.info now, but it will need updating after argument parsing.
 391   _vm_info = new SystemProperty("java.vm.info", VM_Version::vm_info_string(), true);
 392 
 393   // Following are JVMTI agent writable properties.
 394   // Properties values are set to nullptr and they are
 395   // os specific they are initialized in os::init_system_properties_values().
 396   _sun_boot_library_path = new SystemProperty("sun.boot.library.path", nullptr,  true);
 397   _java_library_path = new SystemProperty("java.library.path", nullptr,  true);
 398   _java_home =  new SystemProperty("java.home", nullptr,  true);
 399   _java_class_path = new SystemProperty("java.class.path", "",  true);
 400   // jdk.boot.class.path.append is a non-writeable, internal property.
 401   // It can only be set by either:
 402   //    - -Xbootclasspath/a:
 403   //    - AddToBootstrapClassLoaderSearch during JVMTI OnLoad phase
 404   _jdk_boot_class_path_append = new SystemProperty("jdk.boot.class.path.append", nullptr, false, true);
 405 
 406   // Add to System Property list.
 407   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, _sun_boot_library_path);
 408   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, _java_library_path);
 409   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, _java_home);
 410   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, _java_class_path);
 411   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, _jdk_boot_class_path_append);
 412   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, _vm_info);
 413 
 414   // Set OS specific system properties values
 415   os::init_system_properties_values();
 416 }
 417 
 418 // Update/Initialize System properties after JDK version number is known
 419 void Arguments::init_version_specific_system_properties() {
 420   enum { bufsz = 16 };
 421   char buffer[bufsz];
 422   const char* spec_vendor = "Oracle Corporation";
 423   uint32_t spec_version = JDK_Version::current().major_version();
 424 
 425   jio_snprintf(buffer, bufsz, UINT32_FORMAT, spec_version);
 426 
 427   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties,
 428       new SystemProperty("java.vm.specification.vendor",  spec_vendor, false));
 429   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties,
 430       new SystemProperty("java.vm.specification.version", buffer, false));
 431   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties,
 432       new SystemProperty("java.vm.vendor", VM_Version::vm_vendor(),  false));
 433 }
 434 
 435 /*
 436  *  -XX argument processing:
 437  *
 438  *  -XX arguments are defined in several places, such as:
 439  *      globals.hpp, globals_<cpu>.hpp, globals_<os>.hpp, <compiler>_globals.hpp, or <gc>_globals.hpp.
 440  *  -XX arguments are parsed in parse_argument().
 441  *  -XX argument bounds checking is done in check_vm_args_consistency().
 442  *
 443  * Over time -XX arguments may change. There are mechanisms to handle common cases:
 444  *
 445  *      ALIASED: An option that is simply another name for another option. This is often
 446  *               part of the process of deprecating a flag, but not all aliases need
 447  *               to be deprecated.
 448  *
 449  *               Create an alias for an option by adding the old and new option names to the
 450  *               "aliased_jvm_flags" table. Delete the old variable from globals.hpp (etc).
 451  *
 452  *   DEPRECATED: An option that is supported, but a warning is printed to let the user know that
 453  *               support may be removed in the future. Both regular and aliased options may be
 454  *               deprecated.
 455  *
 456  *               Add a deprecation warning for an option (or alias) by adding an entry in the
 457  *               "special_jvm_flags" table and setting the "deprecated_in" field.
 458  *               Often an option "deprecated" in one major release will
 459  *               be made "obsolete" in the next. In this case the entry should also have its
 460  *               "obsolete_in" field set.
 461  *
 462  *     OBSOLETE: An option that has been removed (and deleted from globals.hpp), but is still accepted
 463  *               on the command line. A warning is printed to let the user know that option might not
 464  *               be accepted in the future.
 465  *
 466  *               Add an obsolete warning for an option by adding an entry in the "special_jvm_flags"
 467  *               table and setting the "obsolete_in" field.
 468  *
 469  *      EXPIRED: A deprecated or obsolete option that has an "accept_until" version less than or equal
 470  *               to the current JDK version. The system will flatly refuse to admit the existence of
 471  *               the flag. This allows a flag to die automatically over JDK releases.
 472  *
 473  *               Note that manual cleanup of expired options should be done at major JDK version upgrades:
 474  *                  - Newly expired options should be removed from the special_jvm_flags and aliased_jvm_flags tables.
 475  *                  - Newly obsolete or expired deprecated options should have their global variable
 476  *                    definitions removed (from globals.hpp, etc) and related implementations removed.
 477  *
 478  * Recommended approach for removing options:
 479  *
 480  * To remove options commonly used by customers (e.g. product -XX options), use
 481  * the 3-step model adding major release numbers to the deprecate, obsolete and expire columns.
 482  *
 483  * To remove internal options (e.g. diagnostic, experimental, develop options), use
 484  * a 2-step model adding major release numbers to the obsolete and expire columns.
 485  *
 486  * To change the name of an option, use the alias table as well as a 2-step
 487  * model adding major release numbers to the deprecate and expire columns.
 488  * Think twice about aliasing commonly used customer options.
 489  *
 490  * There are times when it is appropriate to leave a future release number as undefined.
 491  *
 492  * Tests:  Aliases should be tested in VMAliasOptions.java.
 493  *         Deprecated options should be tested in VMDeprecatedOptions.java.
 494  */
 495 
 496 // The special_jvm_flags table declares options that are being deprecated and/or obsoleted. The
 497 // "deprecated_in" or "obsolete_in" fields may be set to "undefined", but not both.
 498 // When the JDK version reaches 'deprecated_in' limit, the JVM will process this flag on
 499 // the command-line as usual, but will issue a warning.
 500 // When the JDK version reaches 'obsolete_in' limit, the JVM will continue accepting this flag on
 501 // the command-line, while issuing a warning and ignoring the flag value.
 502 // Once the JDK version reaches 'expired_in' limit, the JVM will flatly refuse to admit the
 503 // existence of the flag.
 504 //
 505 // MANUAL CLEANUP ON JDK VERSION UPDATES:
 506 // This table ensures that the handling of options will update automatically when the JDK
 507 // version is incremented, but the source code needs to be cleanup up manually:
 508 // - As "deprecated" options age into "obsolete" or "expired" options, the associated "globals"
 509 //   variable should be removed, as well as users of the variable.
 510 // - As "deprecated" options age into "obsolete" options, move the entry into the
 511 //   "Obsolete Flags" section of the table.
 512 // - All expired options should be removed from the table.
 513 static SpecialFlag const special_jvm_flags[] = {
 514   // -------------- Deprecated Flags --------------
 515   // --- Non-alias flags - sorted by obsolete_in then expired_in:
 516   { "AllowRedefinitionToAddDeleteMethods", JDK_Version::jdk(13), JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::undefined() },
 517   { "FlightRecorder",               JDK_Version::jdk(13), JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::undefined() },
 518   { "DumpSharedSpaces",             JDK_Version::jdk(18), JDK_Version::jdk(19), JDK_Version::undefined() },
 519   { "DynamicDumpSharedSpaces",      JDK_Version::jdk(18), JDK_Version::jdk(19), JDK_Version::undefined() },
 520   { "RequireSharedSpaces",          JDK_Version::jdk(18), JDK_Version::jdk(19), JDK_Version::undefined() },
 521   { "UseSharedSpaces",              JDK_Version::jdk(18), JDK_Version::jdk(19), JDK_Version::undefined() },
 522 #ifdef LINUX
 523   { "UseLinuxPosixThreadCPUClocks", JDK_Version::jdk(24), JDK_Version::jdk(25), JDK_Version::jdk(26) },
 524   { "UseOprofile",                  JDK_Version::jdk(25), JDK_Version::jdk(26), JDK_Version::jdk(27) },
 525 #endif
 526   { "LockingMode",                  JDK_Version::jdk(24), JDK_Version::jdk(26), JDK_Version::jdk(27) },
 527 #ifdef _LP64
 528   { "UseCompressedClassPointers",   JDK_Version::jdk(25),  JDK_Version::jdk(26), JDK_Version::undefined() },
 529 #endif
 530   // --- Deprecated alias flags (see also aliased_jvm_flags) - sorted by obsolete_in then expired_in:
 531   { "CreateMinidumpOnCrash",        JDK_Version::jdk(9),  JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::undefined() },
 532 
 533   // -------------- Obsolete Flags - sorted by expired_in --------------
 534 
 535   { "MetaspaceReclaimPolicy",       JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::jdk(21), JDK_Version::undefined() },
 536   { "ZGenerational",                JDK_Version::jdk(23), JDK_Version::jdk(24), JDK_Version::undefined() },
 537   { "ZMarkStackSpaceLimit",         JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::jdk(25), JDK_Version::undefined() },
 538 
 539 #ifdef ASSERT
 540   { "DummyObsoleteTestFlag",        JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::jdk(18), JDK_Version::undefined() },
 541 #endif
 542 
 543 #ifdef TEST_VERIFY_SPECIAL_JVM_FLAGS
 544   // These entries will generate build errors.  Their purpose is to test the macros.
 545   { "dep > obs",                    JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::jdk(8), JDK_Version::undefined() },
 546   { "dep > exp ",                   JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::jdk(8) },
 547   { "obs > exp ",                   JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::jdk(8) },
 548   { "obs > exp",                    JDK_Version::jdk(8), JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::jdk(10) },
 549   { "not deprecated or obsolete",   JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::jdk(9) },
 550   { "dup option",                   JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::undefined() },
 551   { "dup option",                   JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::undefined() },
 552 #endif
 553 
 554   { nullptr, JDK_Version(0), JDK_Version(0) }
 555 };
 556 
 557 // Flags that are aliases for other flags.
 558 typedef struct {
 559   const char* alias_name;
 560   const char* real_name;
 561 } AliasedFlag;
 562 
 563 static AliasedFlag const aliased_jvm_flags[] = {
 564   { "CreateMinidumpOnCrash",    "CreateCoredumpOnCrash" },
 565   { nullptr, nullptr}
 566 };
 567 
 568 // Return true if "v" is less than "other", where "other" may be "undefined".
 569 static bool version_less_than(JDK_Version v, JDK_Version other) {
 570   assert(!v.is_undefined(), "must be defined");
 571   if (!other.is_undefined() && v.compare(other) >= 0) {
 572     return false;
 573   } else {
 574     return true;
 575   }
 576 }
 577 
 578 static bool lookup_special_flag(const char *flag_name, SpecialFlag& flag) {
 579   for (size_t i = 0; special_jvm_flags[i].name != nullptr; i++) {
 580     if ((strcmp(special_jvm_flags[i].name, flag_name) == 0)) {
 581       flag = special_jvm_flags[i];
 582       return true;
 583     }
 584   }
 585   return false;
 586 }
 587 
 588 bool Arguments::is_obsolete_flag(const char *flag_name, JDK_Version* version) {
 589   assert(version != nullptr, "Must provide a version buffer");
 590   SpecialFlag flag;
 591   if (lookup_special_flag(flag_name, flag)) {
 592     if (!flag.obsolete_in.is_undefined()) {
 593       if (!version_less_than(JDK_Version::current(), flag.obsolete_in)) {
 594         *version = flag.obsolete_in;
 595         // This flag may have been marked for obsoletion in this version, but we may not
 596         // have actually removed it yet. Rather than ignoring it as soon as we reach
 597         // this version we allow some time for the removal to happen. So if the flag
 598         // still actually exists we process it as normal, but issue an adjusted warning.
 599         const JVMFlag *real_flag = JVMFlag::find_declared_flag(flag_name);
 600         if (real_flag != nullptr) {
 601           char version_str[256];
 602           version->to_string(version_str, sizeof(version_str));
 603           warning("Temporarily processing option %s; support is scheduled for removal in %s",
 604                   flag_name, version_str);
 605           return false;
 606         }
 607         return true;
 608       }
 609     }
 610   }
 611   return false;
 612 }
 613 
 614 int Arguments::is_deprecated_flag(const char *flag_name, JDK_Version* version) {
 615   assert(version != nullptr, "Must provide a version buffer");
 616   SpecialFlag flag;
 617   if (lookup_special_flag(flag_name, flag)) {
 618     if (!flag.deprecated_in.is_undefined()) {
 619       if (version_less_than(JDK_Version::current(), flag.obsolete_in) &&
 620           version_less_than(JDK_Version::current(), flag.expired_in)) {
 621         *version = flag.deprecated_in;
 622         return 1;
 623       } else {
 624         return -1;
 625       }
 626     }
 627   }
 628   return 0;
 629 }
 630 
 631 const char* Arguments::real_flag_name(const char *flag_name) {
 632   for (size_t i = 0; aliased_jvm_flags[i].alias_name != nullptr; i++) {
 633     const AliasedFlag& flag_status = aliased_jvm_flags[i];
 634     if (strcmp(flag_status.alias_name, flag_name) == 0) {
 635         return flag_status.real_name;
 636     }
 637   }
 638   return flag_name;
 639 }
 640 
 641 #ifdef ASSERT
 642 static bool lookup_special_flag(const char *flag_name, size_t skip_index) {
 643   for (size_t i = 0; special_jvm_flags[i].name != nullptr; i++) {
 644     if ((i != skip_index) && (strcmp(special_jvm_flags[i].name, flag_name) == 0)) {
 645       return true;
 646     }
 647   }
 648   return false;
 649 }
 650 
 651 // Verifies the correctness of the entries in the special_jvm_flags table.
 652 // If there is a semantic error (i.e. a bug in the table) such as the obsoletion
 653 // version being earlier than the deprecation version, then a warning is issued
 654 // and verification fails - by returning false. If it is detected that the table
 655 // is out of date, with respect to the current version, then ideally a warning is
 656 // issued but verification does not fail. This allows the VM to operate when the
 657 // version is first updated, without needing to update all the impacted flags at
 658 // the same time. In practice we can't issue the warning immediately when the version
 659 // is updated as it occurs for every test and some tests are not prepared to handle
 660 // unexpected output - see 8196739. Instead we only check if the table is up-to-date
 661 // if the check_globals flag is true, and in addition allow a grace period and only
 662 // check for stale flags when we hit build 25 (which is far enough into the 6 month
 663 // release cycle that all flag updates should have been processed, whilst still
 664 // leaving time to make the change before RDP2).
 665 // We use a gtest to call this, passing true, so that we can detect stale flags before
 666 // the end of the release cycle.
 667 
 668 static const int SPECIAL_FLAG_VALIDATION_BUILD = 25;
 669 
 670 bool Arguments::verify_special_jvm_flags(bool check_globals) {
 671   bool success = true;
 672   for (size_t i = 0; special_jvm_flags[i].name != nullptr; i++) {
 673     const SpecialFlag& flag = special_jvm_flags[i];
 674     if (lookup_special_flag(flag.name, i)) {
 675       warning("Duplicate special flag declaration \"%s\"", flag.name);
 676       success = false;
 677     }
 678     if (flag.deprecated_in.is_undefined() &&
 679         flag.obsolete_in.is_undefined()) {
 680       warning("Special flag entry \"%s\" must declare version deprecated and/or obsoleted in.", flag.name);
 681       success = false;
 682     }
 683 
 684     if (!flag.deprecated_in.is_undefined()) {
 685       if (!version_less_than(flag.deprecated_in, flag.obsolete_in)) {
 686         warning("Special flag entry \"%s\" must be deprecated before obsoleted.", flag.name);
 687         success = false;
 688       }
 689 
 690       if (!version_less_than(flag.deprecated_in, flag.expired_in)) {
 691         warning("Special flag entry \"%s\" must be deprecated before expired.", flag.name);
 692         success = false;
 693       }
 694     }
 695 
 696     if (!flag.obsolete_in.is_undefined()) {
 697       if (!version_less_than(flag.obsolete_in, flag.expired_in)) {
 698         warning("Special flag entry \"%s\" must be obsoleted before expired.", flag.name);
 699         success = false;
 700       }
 701 
 702       // if flag has become obsolete it should not have a "globals" flag defined anymore.
 703       if (check_globals && VM_Version::vm_build_number() >= SPECIAL_FLAG_VALIDATION_BUILD &&
 704           !version_less_than(JDK_Version::current(), flag.obsolete_in)) {
 705         if (JVMFlag::find_declared_flag(flag.name) != nullptr) {
 706           warning("Global variable for obsolete special flag entry \"%s\" should be removed", flag.name);
 707           success = false;
 708         }
 709       }
 710 
 711     } else if (!flag.expired_in.is_undefined()) {
 712       warning("Special flag entry \"%s\" must be explicitly obsoleted before expired.", flag.name);
 713       success = false;
 714     }
 715 
 716     if (!flag.expired_in.is_undefined()) {
 717       // if flag has become expired it should not have a "globals" flag defined anymore.
 718       if (check_globals && VM_Version::vm_build_number() >= SPECIAL_FLAG_VALIDATION_BUILD &&
 719           !version_less_than(JDK_Version::current(), flag.expired_in)) {
 720         if (JVMFlag::find_declared_flag(flag.name) != nullptr) {
 721           warning("Global variable for expired flag entry \"%s\" should be removed", flag.name);
 722           success = false;
 723         }
 724       }
 725     }
 726   }
 727   return success;
 728 }
 729 #endif
 730 
 731 bool Arguments::atojulong(const char *s, julong* result) {
 732   return parse_integer(s, result);
 733 }
 734 
 735 Arguments::ArgsRange Arguments::check_memory_size(julong size, julong min_size, julong max_size) {
 736   if (size < min_size) return arg_too_small;
 737   if (size > max_size) return arg_too_big;
 738   return arg_in_range;
 739 }
 740 
 741 // Describe an argument out of range error
 742 void Arguments::describe_range_error(ArgsRange errcode) {
 743   switch(errcode) {
 744   case arg_too_big:
 745     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
 746                 "The specified size exceeds the maximum "
 747                 "representable size.\n");
 748     break;
 749   case arg_too_small:
 750   case arg_unreadable:
 751   case arg_in_range:
 752     // do nothing for now
 753     break;
 754   default:
 755     ShouldNotReachHere();
 756   }
 757 }
 758 
 759 static bool set_bool_flag(JVMFlag* flag, bool value, JVMFlagOrigin origin) {
 760   if (JVMFlagAccess::set_bool(flag, &value, origin) == JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
 761     return true;
 762   } else {
 763     return false;
 764   }
 765 }
 766 
 767 static bool set_fp_numeric_flag(JVMFlag* flag, const char* value, JVMFlagOrigin origin) {
 768   // strtod allows leading whitespace, but our flag format does not.
 769   if (*value == '\0' || isspace((unsigned char) *value)) {
 770     return false;
 771   }
 772   char* end;
 773   errno = 0;
 774   double v = strtod(value, &end);
 775   if ((errno != 0) || (*end != 0)) {
 776     return false;
 777   }
 778   if (g_isnan(v) || !g_isfinite(v)) {
 779     // Currently we cannot handle these special values.
 780     return false;
 781   }
 782 
 783   if (JVMFlagAccess::set_double(flag, &v, origin) == JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
 784     return true;
 785   }
 786   return false;
 787 }
 788 
 789 static bool set_numeric_flag(JVMFlag* flag, const char* value, JVMFlagOrigin origin) {
 790   JVMFlag::Error result = JVMFlag::WRONG_FORMAT;
 791 
 792   if (flag->is_int()) {
 793     int v;
 794     if (parse_integer(value, &v)) {
 795       result = JVMFlagAccess::set_int(flag, &v, origin);
 796     }
 797   } else if (flag->is_uint()) {
 798     uint v;
 799     if (parse_integer(value, &v)) {
 800       result = JVMFlagAccess::set_uint(flag, &v, origin);
 801     }
 802   } else if (flag->is_intx()) {
 803     intx v;
 804     if (parse_integer(value, &v)) {
 805       result = JVMFlagAccess::set_intx(flag, &v, origin);
 806     }
 807   } else if (flag->is_uintx()) {
 808     uintx v;
 809     if (parse_integer(value, &v)) {
 810       result = JVMFlagAccess::set_uintx(flag, &v, origin);
 811     }
 812   } else if (flag->is_uint64_t()) {
 813     uint64_t v;
 814     if (parse_integer(value, &v)) {
 815       result = JVMFlagAccess::set_uint64_t(flag, &v, origin);
 816     }
 817   } else if (flag->is_size_t()) {
 818     size_t v;
 819     if (parse_integer(value, &v)) {
 820       result = JVMFlagAccess::set_size_t(flag, &v, origin);
 821     }
 822   }
 823 
 824   return result == JVMFlag::SUCCESS;
 825 }
 826 
 827 static bool set_string_flag(JVMFlag* flag, const char* value, JVMFlagOrigin origin) {
 828   if (value[0] == '\0') {
 829     value = nullptr;
 830   }
 831   if (JVMFlagAccess::set_ccstr(flag, &value, origin) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) return false;
 832   // Contract:  JVMFlag always returns a pointer that needs freeing.
 833   FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, value);
 834   return true;
 835 }
 836 
 837 static bool append_to_string_flag(JVMFlag* flag, const char* new_value, JVMFlagOrigin origin) {
 838   const char* old_value = "";
 839   if (JVMFlagAccess::get_ccstr(flag, &old_value) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) return false;
 840   size_t old_len = old_value != nullptr ? strlen(old_value) : 0;
 841   size_t new_len = strlen(new_value);
 842   const char* value;
 843   char* free_this_too = nullptr;
 844   if (old_len == 0) {
 845     value = new_value;
 846   } else if (new_len == 0) {
 847     value = old_value;
 848   } else {
 849      size_t length = old_len + 1 + new_len + 1;
 850      char* buf = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, length, mtArguments);
 851     // each new setting adds another LINE to the switch:
 852     jio_snprintf(buf, length, "%s\n%s", old_value, new_value);
 853     value = buf;
 854     free_this_too = buf;
 855   }
 856   (void) JVMFlagAccess::set_ccstr(flag, &value, origin);
 857   // JVMFlag always returns a pointer that needs freeing.
 858   FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, value);
 859   // JVMFlag made its own copy, so I must delete my own temp. buffer.
 860   FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, free_this_too);
 861   return true;
 862 }
 863 
 864 const char* Arguments::handle_aliases_and_deprecation(const char* arg) {
 865   const char* real_name = real_flag_name(arg);
 866   JDK_Version since = JDK_Version();
 867   switch (is_deprecated_flag(arg, &since)) {
 868   case -1: {
 869       // Obsolete or expired, so don't process normally,
 870       // but allow for an obsolete flag we're still
 871       // temporarily allowing.
 872       if (!is_obsolete_flag(arg, &since)) {
 873         return real_name;
 874       }
 875       // Note if we're not considered obsolete then we can't be expired either
 876       // as obsoletion must come first.
 877       return nullptr;
 878     }
 879     case 0:
 880       return real_name;
 881     case 1: {
 882       char version[256];
 883       since.to_string(version, sizeof(version));
 884       if (real_name != arg) {
 885         warning("Option %s was deprecated in version %s and will likely be removed in a future release. Use option %s instead.",
 886                 arg, version, real_name);
 887       } else {
 888         warning("Option %s was deprecated in version %s and will likely be removed in a future release.",
 889                 arg, version);
 890       }
 891       return real_name;
 892     }
 893   }
 894   ShouldNotReachHere();
 895   return nullptr;
 896 }
 897 
 898 #define BUFLEN 255
 899 
 900 JVMFlag* Arguments::find_jvm_flag(const char* name, size_t name_length) {
 901   char name_copied[BUFLEN+1];
 902   if (name[name_length] != 0) {
 903     if (name_length > BUFLEN) {
 904       return nullptr;
 905     } else {
 906       strncpy(name_copied, name, name_length);
 907       name_copied[name_length] = '\0';
 908       name = name_copied;
 909     }
 910   }
 911 
 912   const char* real_name = Arguments::handle_aliases_and_deprecation(name);
 913   if (real_name == nullptr) {
 914     return nullptr;
 915   }
 916   JVMFlag* flag = JVMFlag::find_flag(real_name);
 917   return flag;
 918 }
 919 
 920 bool Arguments::parse_argument(const char* arg, JVMFlagOrigin origin) {
 921   bool is_bool = false;
 922   bool bool_val = false;
 923   char c = *arg;
 924   if (c == '+' || c == '-') {
 925     is_bool = true;
 926     bool_val = (c == '+');
 927     arg++;
 928   }
 929 
 930   const char* name = arg;
 931   while (true) {
 932     c = *arg;
 933     if (isalnum(c) || (c == '_')) {
 934       ++arg;
 935     } else {
 936       break;
 937     }
 938   }
 939 
 940   size_t name_len = size_t(arg - name);
 941   if (name_len == 0) {
 942     return false;
 943   }
 944 
 945   JVMFlag* flag = find_jvm_flag(name, name_len);
 946   if (flag == nullptr) {
 947     return false;
 948   }
 949 
 950   if (is_bool) {
 951     if (*arg != 0) {
 952       // Error -- extra characters such as -XX:+BoolFlag=123
 953       return false;
 954     }
 955     return set_bool_flag(flag, bool_val, origin);
 956   }
 957 
 958   if (arg[0] == '=') {
 959     const char* value = arg + 1;
 960     if (flag->is_ccstr()) {
 961       if (flag->ccstr_accumulates()) {
 962         return append_to_string_flag(flag, value, origin);
 963       } else {
 964         return set_string_flag(flag, value, origin);
 965       }
 966     } else if (flag->is_double()) {
 967       return set_fp_numeric_flag(flag, value, origin);
 968     } else {
 969       return set_numeric_flag(flag, value, origin);
 970     }
 971   }
 972 
 973   if (arg[0] == ':' && arg[1] == '=') {
 974     // -XX:Foo:=xxx will reset the string flag to the given value.
 975     const char* value = arg + 2;
 976     return set_string_flag(flag, value, origin);
 977   }
 978 
 979   return false;
 980 }
 981 
 982 void Arguments::add_string(char*** bldarray, int* count, const char* arg) {
 983   assert(bldarray != nullptr, "illegal argument");
 984 
 985   if (arg == nullptr) {
 986     return;
 987   }
 988 
 989   int new_count = *count + 1;
 990 
 991   // expand the array and add arg to the last element
 992   if (*bldarray == nullptr) {
 993     *bldarray = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char*, new_count, mtArguments);
 994   } else {
 995     *bldarray = REALLOC_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char*, *bldarray, new_count, mtArguments);
 996   }
 997   (*bldarray)[*count] = os::strdup_check_oom(arg);
 998   *count = new_count;
 999 }
1000 
1001 void Arguments::build_jvm_args(const char* arg) {
1002   add_string(&_jvm_args_array, &_num_jvm_args, arg);
1003 }
1004 
1005 void Arguments::build_jvm_flags(const char* arg) {
1006   add_string(&_jvm_flags_array, &_num_jvm_flags, arg);
1007 }
1008 
1009 // utility function to return a string that concatenates all
1010 // strings in a given char** array
1011 const char* Arguments::build_resource_string(char** args, int count) {
1012   if (args == nullptr || count == 0) {
1013     return nullptr;
1014   }
1015   size_t length = 0;
1016   for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
1017     length += strlen(args[i]) + 1; // add 1 for a space or null terminating character
1018   }
1019   char* s = NEW_RESOURCE_ARRAY(char, length);
1020   char* dst = s;
1021   for (int j = 0; j < count; j++) {
1022     size_t offset = strlen(args[j]) + 1; // add 1 for a space or null terminating character
1023     jio_snprintf(dst, length, "%s ", args[j]); // jio_snprintf will replace the last space character with null character
1024     dst += offset;
1025     length -= offset;
1026   }
1027   return (const char*) s;
1028 }
1029 
1030 void Arguments::print_on(outputStream* st) {
1031   st->print_cr("VM Arguments:");
1032   if (num_jvm_flags() > 0) {
1033     st->print("jvm_flags: "); print_jvm_flags_on(st);
1034     st->cr();
1035   }
1036   if (num_jvm_args() > 0) {
1037     st->print("jvm_args: "); print_jvm_args_on(st);
1038     st->cr();
1039   }
1040   st->print_cr("java_command: %s", java_command() ? java_command() : "<unknown>");
1041   if (_java_class_path != nullptr) {
1042     char* path = _java_class_path->value();
1043     size_t len = strlen(path);
1044     st->print("java_class_path (initial): ");
1045     // Avoid using st->print_cr() because path length maybe longer than O_BUFLEN.
1046     if (len == 0) {
1047       st->print_raw_cr("<not set>");
1048     } else {
1049       st->print_raw_cr(path, len);
1050     }
1051   }
1052   st->print_cr("Launcher Type: %s", _sun_java_launcher);
1053 }
1054 
1055 void Arguments::print_summary_on(outputStream* st) {
1056   // Print the command line.  Environment variables that are helpful for
1057   // reproducing the problem are written later in the hs_err file.
1058   // flags are from setting file
1059   if (num_jvm_flags() > 0) {
1060     st->print_raw("Settings File: ");
1061     print_jvm_flags_on(st);
1062     st->cr();
1063   }
1064   // args are the command line and environment variable arguments.
1065   st->print_raw("Command Line: ");
1066   if (num_jvm_args() > 0) {
1067     print_jvm_args_on(st);
1068   }
1069   // this is the classfile and any arguments to the java program
1070   if (java_command() != nullptr) {
1071     st->print("%s", java_command());
1072   }
1073   st->cr();
1074 }
1075 
1076 void Arguments::print_jvm_flags_on(outputStream* st) {
1077   if (_num_jvm_flags > 0) {
1078     for (int i=0; i < _num_jvm_flags; i++) {
1079       st->print("%s ", _jvm_flags_array[i]);
1080     }
1081   }
1082 }
1083 
1084 void Arguments::print_jvm_args_on(outputStream* st) {
1085   if (_num_jvm_args > 0) {
1086     for (int i=0; i < _num_jvm_args; i++) {
1087       st->print("%s ", _jvm_args_array[i]);
1088     }
1089   }
1090 }
1091 
1092 bool Arguments::process_argument(const char* arg,
1093                                  jboolean ignore_unrecognized,
1094                                  JVMFlagOrigin origin) {
1095   JDK_Version since = JDK_Version();
1096 
1097   if (parse_argument(arg, origin)) {
1098     return true;
1099   }
1100 
1101   // Determine if the flag has '+', '-', or '=' characters.
1102   bool has_plus_minus = (*arg == '+' || *arg == '-');
1103   const char* const argname = has_plus_minus ? arg + 1 : arg;
1104 
1105   size_t arg_len;
1106   const char* equal_sign = strchr(argname, '=');
1107   if (equal_sign == nullptr) {
1108     arg_len = strlen(argname);
1109   } else {
1110     arg_len = equal_sign - argname;
1111   }
1112 
1113   // Only make the obsolete check for valid arguments.
1114   if (arg_len <= BUFLEN) {
1115     // Construct a string which consists only of the argument name without '+', '-', or '='.
1116     char stripped_argname[BUFLEN+1]; // +1 for '\0'
1117     jio_snprintf(stripped_argname, arg_len+1, "%s", argname); // +1 for '\0'
1118     if (is_obsolete_flag(stripped_argname, &since)) {
1119       char version[256];
1120       since.to_string(version, sizeof(version));
1121       warning("Ignoring option %s; support was removed in %s", stripped_argname, version);
1122       return true;
1123     }
1124   }
1125 
1126   // For locked flags, report a custom error message if available.
1127   // Otherwise, report the standard unrecognized VM option.
1128   const JVMFlag* found_flag = JVMFlag::find_declared_flag((const char*)argname, arg_len);
1129   if (found_flag != nullptr) {
1130     char locked_message_buf[BUFLEN];
1131     JVMFlag::MsgType msg_type = found_flag->get_locked_message(locked_message_buf, BUFLEN);
1132     if (strlen(locked_message_buf) != 0) {
1133 #ifdef PRODUCT
1134       bool mismatched = msg_type == JVMFlag::DEVELOPER_FLAG_BUT_PRODUCT_BUILD;
1135       if (ignore_unrecognized && mismatched) {
1136         return true;
1137       }
1138 #endif
1139       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(), "%s", locked_message_buf);
1140     }
1141     if (found_flag->is_bool() && !has_plus_minus) {
1142       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1143         "Missing +/- setting for VM option '%s'\n", argname);
1144     } else if (!found_flag->is_bool() && has_plus_minus) {
1145       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1146         "Unexpected +/- setting in VM option '%s'\n", argname);
1147     } else {
1148       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1149         "Improperly specified VM option '%s'\n", argname);
1150     }
1151   } else {
1152     if (ignore_unrecognized) {
1153       return true;
1154     }
1155     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1156                 "Unrecognized VM option '%s'\n", argname);
1157     JVMFlag* fuzzy_matched = JVMFlag::fuzzy_match((const char*)argname, arg_len, true);
1158     if (fuzzy_matched != nullptr) {
1159       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1160                   "Did you mean '%s%s%s'?\n",
1161                   (fuzzy_matched->is_bool()) ? "(+/-)" : "",
1162                   fuzzy_matched->name(),
1163                   (fuzzy_matched->is_bool()) ? "" : "=<value>");
1164     }
1165   }
1166 
1167   // allow for commandline "commenting out" options like -XX:#+Verbose
1168   return arg[0] == '#';
1169 }
1170 
1171 bool Arguments::process_settings_file(const char* file_name, bool should_exist, jboolean ignore_unrecognized) {
1172   FILE* stream = os::fopen(file_name, "rb");
1173   if (stream == nullptr) {
1174     if (should_exist) {
1175       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1176                   "Could not open settings file %s\n", file_name);
1177       return false;
1178     } else {
1179       return true;
1180     }
1181   }
1182 
1183   char token[1024];
1184   int  pos = 0;
1185 
1186   bool in_white_space = true;
1187   bool in_comment     = false;
1188   bool in_quote       = false;
1189   int  quote_c        = 0;
1190   bool result         = true;
1191 
1192   int c = getc(stream);
1193   while(c != EOF && pos < (int)(sizeof(token)-1)) {
1194     if (in_white_space) {
1195       if (in_comment) {
1196         if (c == '\n') in_comment = false;
1197       } else {
1198         if (c == '#') in_comment = true;
1199         else if (!isspace((unsigned char) c)) {
1200           in_white_space = false;
1201           token[pos++] = checked_cast<char>(c);
1202         }
1203       }
1204     } else {
1205       if (c == '\n' || (!in_quote && isspace((unsigned char) c))) {
1206         // token ends at newline, or at unquoted whitespace
1207         // this allows a way to include spaces in string-valued options
1208         token[pos] = '\0';
1209         logOption(token);
1210         result &= process_argument(token, ignore_unrecognized, JVMFlagOrigin::CONFIG_FILE);
1211         build_jvm_flags(token);
1212         pos = 0;
1213         in_white_space = true;
1214         in_quote = false;
1215       } else if (!in_quote && (c == '\'' || c == '"')) {
1216         in_quote = true;
1217         quote_c = c;
1218       } else if (in_quote && (c == quote_c)) {
1219         in_quote = false;
1220       } else {
1221         token[pos++] = checked_cast<char>(c);
1222       }
1223     }
1224     c = getc(stream);
1225   }
1226   if (pos > 0) {
1227     token[pos] = '\0';
1228     result &= process_argument(token, ignore_unrecognized, JVMFlagOrigin::CONFIG_FILE);
1229     build_jvm_flags(token);
1230   }
1231   fclose(stream);
1232   return result;
1233 }
1234 
1235 //=============================================================================================================
1236 // Parsing of properties (-D)
1237 
1238 const char* Arguments::get_property(const char* key) {
1239   return PropertyList_get_value(system_properties(), key);
1240 }
1241 
1242 bool Arguments::add_property(const char* prop, PropertyWriteable writeable, PropertyInternal internal) {
1243   const char* eq = strchr(prop, '=');
1244   const char* key;
1245   const char* value = "";
1246 
1247   if (eq == nullptr) {
1248     // property doesn't have a value, thus use passed string
1249     key = prop;
1250   } else {
1251     // property have a value, thus extract it and save to the
1252     // allocated string
1253     size_t key_len = eq - prop;
1254     char* tmp_key = AllocateHeap(key_len + 1, mtArguments);
1255 
1256     jio_snprintf(tmp_key, key_len + 1, "%s", prop);
1257     key = tmp_key;
1258 
1259     value = &prop[key_len + 1];
1260   }
1261 
1262   if (internal == ExternalProperty) {
1263     CDSConfig::check_incompatible_property(key, value);
1264   }
1265 
1266   if (strcmp(key, "java.compiler") == 0) {
1267     // we no longer support java.compiler system property, log a warning and let it get
1268     // passed to Java, like any other system property
1269     if (strlen(value) == 0 || strcasecmp(value, "NONE") == 0) {
1270         // for applications using NONE or empty value, log a more informative message
1271         warning("The java.compiler system property is obsolete and no longer supported, use -Xint");
1272     } else {
1273         warning("The java.compiler system property is obsolete and no longer supported.");
1274     }
1275   } else if (strcmp(key, "sun.boot.library.path") == 0) {
1276     // append is true, writable is true, internal is false
1277     PropertyList_unique_add(&_system_properties, key, value, AppendProperty,
1278                             WriteableProperty, ExternalProperty);
1279   } else {
1280     if (strcmp(key, "sun.java.command") == 0) {
1281       char *old_java_command = _java_command;
1282       _java_command = os::strdup_check_oom(value, mtArguments);
1283       if (old_java_command != nullptr) {
1284         os::free(old_java_command);
1285       }
1286     } else if (strcmp(key, "java.vendor.url.bug") == 0) {
1287       // If this property is set on the command line then its value will be
1288       // displayed in VM error logs as the URL at which to submit such logs.
1289       // Normally the URL displayed in error logs is different from the value
1290       // of this system property, so a different property should have been
1291       // used here, but we leave this as-is in case someone depends upon it.
1292       const char* old_java_vendor_url_bug = _java_vendor_url_bug;
1293       // save it in _java_vendor_url_bug, so JVM fatal error handler can access
1294       // its value without going through the property list or making a Java call.
1295       _java_vendor_url_bug = os::strdup_check_oom(value, mtArguments);
1296       if (old_java_vendor_url_bug != nullptr) {
1297         os::free((void *)old_java_vendor_url_bug);
1298       }
1299     }
1300 
1301     // Create new property and add at the end of the list
1302     PropertyList_unique_add(&_system_properties, key, value, AddProperty, writeable, internal);
1303   }
1304 
1305   if (key != prop) {
1306     // SystemProperty copy passed value, thus free previously allocated
1307     // memory
1308     FreeHeap((void *)key);
1309   }
1310 
1311   return true;
1312 }
1313 
1314 //===========================================================================================================
1315 // Setting int/mixed/comp mode flags
1316 
1317 void Arguments::set_mode_flags(Mode mode) {
1318   // Set up default values for all flags.
1319   // If you add a flag to any of the branches below,
1320   // add a default value for it here.
1321   _mode                      = mode;
1322 
1323   // Ensure Agent_OnLoad has the correct initial values.
1324   // This may not be the final mode; mode may change later in onload phase.
1325   PropertyList_unique_add(&_system_properties, "java.vm.info",
1326                           VM_Version::vm_info_string(), AddProperty, UnwriteableProperty, ExternalProperty);
1327 
1328   UseInterpreter             = true;
1329   UseCompiler                = true;
1330   UseLoopCounter             = true;
1331 
1332   // Default values may be platform/compiler dependent -
1333   // use the saved values
1334   ClipInlining               = Arguments::_ClipInlining;
1335   AlwaysCompileLoopMethods   = Arguments::_AlwaysCompileLoopMethods;
1336   UseOnStackReplacement      = Arguments::_UseOnStackReplacement;
1337   BackgroundCompilation      = Arguments::_BackgroundCompilation;
1338 
1339   // Change from defaults based on mode
1340   switch (mode) {
1341   default:
1342     ShouldNotReachHere();
1343     break;
1344   case _int:
1345     UseCompiler              = false;
1346     UseLoopCounter           = false;
1347     AlwaysCompileLoopMethods = false;
1348     UseOnStackReplacement    = false;
1349     break;
1350   case _mixed:
1351     // same as default
1352     break;
1353   case _comp:
1354     UseInterpreter           = false;
1355     BackgroundCompilation    = false;
1356     ClipInlining             = false;
1357     break;
1358   }
1359 }
1360 
1361 // Conflict: required to use shared spaces (-Xshare:on), but
1362 // incompatible command line options were chosen.
1363 void Arguments::no_shared_spaces(const char* message) {
1364   if (RequireSharedSpaces) {
1365     log_error(cds)("%s is incompatible with other specified options.",
1366                    CDSConfig::new_aot_flags_used() ? "AOT cache" : "CDS");
1367     if (CDSConfig::new_aot_flags_used()) {
1368       vm_exit_during_initialization("Unable to use AOT cache", message);
1369     } else {
1370       vm_exit_during_initialization("Unable to use shared archive", message);
1371     }
1372   } else {
1373     if (CDSConfig::new_aot_flags_used()) {
1374       log_warning(cds)("Unable to use AOT cache: %s", message);
1375     } else {
1376       log_info(cds)("Unable to use shared archive: %s", message);
1377     }
1378     UseSharedSpaces = false;
1379   }
1380 }
1381 
1382 static void set_object_alignment() {
1383   // Object alignment.
1384   assert(is_power_of_2(ObjectAlignmentInBytes), "ObjectAlignmentInBytes must be power of 2");
1385   MinObjAlignmentInBytes     = ObjectAlignmentInBytes;
1386   assert(MinObjAlignmentInBytes >= HeapWordsPerLong * HeapWordSize, "ObjectAlignmentInBytes value is too small");
1387   MinObjAlignment            = MinObjAlignmentInBytes / HeapWordSize;
1388   assert(MinObjAlignmentInBytes == MinObjAlignment * HeapWordSize, "ObjectAlignmentInBytes value is incorrect");
1389   MinObjAlignmentInBytesMask = MinObjAlignmentInBytes - 1;
1390 
1391   LogMinObjAlignmentInBytes  = exact_log2(ObjectAlignmentInBytes);
1392   LogMinObjAlignment         = LogMinObjAlignmentInBytes - LogHeapWordSize;
1393 
1394   // Oop encoding heap max
1395   OopEncodingHeapMax = (uint64_t(max_juint) + 1) << LogMinObjAlignmentInBytes;
1396 }
1397 
1398 size_t Arguments::max_heap_for_compressed_oops() {
1399   // Avoid sign flip.
1400   assert(OopEncodingHeapMax > (uint64_t)os::vm_page_size(), "Unusual page size");
1401   // We need to fit both the null page and the heap into the memory budget, while
1402   // keeping alignment constraints of the heap. To guarantee the latter, as the
1403   // null page is located before the heap, we pad the null page to the conservative
1404   // maximum alignment that the GC may ever impose upon the heap.
1405   size_t displacement_due_to_null_page = align_up(os::vm_page_size(),
1406                                                   _conservative_max_heap_alignment);
1407 
1408   LP64_ONLY(return OopEncodingHeapMax - displacement_due_to_null_page);
1409   NOT_LP64(ShouldNotReachHere(); return 0);
1410 }
1411 
1412 void Arguments::set_use_compressed_oops() {
1413 #ifdef _LP64
1414   // MaxHeapSize is not set up properly at this point, but
1415   // the only value that can override MaxHeapSize if we are
1416   // to use UseCompressedOops are InitialHeapSize and MinHeapSize.
1417   size_t max_heap_size = MAX3(MaxHeapSize, InitialHeapSize, MinHeapSize);
1418 
1419   if (max_heap_size <= max_heap_for_compressed_oops()) {
1420     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseCompressedOops)) {
1421       FLAG_SET_ERGO(UseCompressedOops, true);
1422     }
1423   } else {
1424     if (UseCompressedOops && !FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseCompressedOops)) {
1425       warning("Max heap size too large for Compressed Oops");
1426       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseCompressedOops, false);
1427     }
1428   }
1429 #endif // _LP64
1430 }
1431 
1432 void Arguments::set_conservative_max_heap_alignment() {
1433   // The conservative maximum required alignment for the heap is the maximum of
1434   // the alignments imposed by several sources: any requirements from the heap
1435   // itself and the maximum page size we may run the VM with.
1436   size_t heap_alignment = GCConfig::arguments()->conservative_max_heap_alignment();
1437   _conservative_max_heap_alignment = MAX4(heap_alignment,
1438                                           os::vm_allocation_granularity(),
1439                                           os::max_page_size(),
1440                                           GCArguments::compute_heap_alignment());
1441 }
1442 
1443 jint Arguments::set_ergonomics_flags() {
1444   GCConfig::initialize();
1445 
1446   set_conservative_max_heap_alignment();
1447 
1448 #ifdef _LP64
1449   set_use_compressed_oops();
1450 
1451   // Also checks that certain machines are slower with compressed oops
1452   // in vm_version initialization code.
1453 #endif // _LP64
1454 
1455   return JNI_OK;
1456 }
1457 
1458 size_t Arguments::limit_heap_by_allocatable_memory(size_t limit) {
1459   size_t max_allocatable;
1460   size_t result = limit;
1461   if (os::has_allocatable_memory_limit(&max_allocatable)) {
1462     // The AggressiveHeap check is a temporary workaround to avoid calling
1463     // GCarguments::heap_virtual_to_physical_ratio() before a GC has been
1464     // selected. This works because AggressiveHeap implies UseParallelGC
1465     // where we know the ratio will be 1. Once the AggressiveHeap option is
1466     // removed, this can be cleaned up.
1467     size_t heap_virtual_to_physical_ratio = (AggressiveHeap ? 1 : GCConfig::arguments()->heap_virtual_to_physical_ratio());
1468     size_t fraction = MaxVirtMemFraction * heap_virtual_to_physical_ratio;
1469     result = MIN2(result, max_allocatable / fraction);
1470   }
1471   return result;
1472 }
1473 
1474 // Use static initialization to get the default before parsing
1475 static const size_t DefaultHeapBaseMinAddress = HeapBaseMinAddress;
1476 
1477 void Arguments::set_heap_size() {
1478   julong phys_mem;
1479 
1480   // If the user specified one of these options, they
1481   // want specific memory sizing so do not limit memory
1482   // based on compressed oops addressability.
1483   // Also, memory limits will be calculated based on
1484   // available os physical memory, not our MaxRAM limit,
1485   // unless MaxRAM is also specified.
1486   bool override_coop_limit = (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MaxRAMPercentage) ||
1487                            !FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MinRAMPercentage) ||
1488                            !FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(InitialRAMPercentage) ||
1489                            !FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MaxRAM));
1490   if (override_coop_limit) {
1491     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MaxRAM)) {
1492       phys_mem = os::physical_memory();
1493       FLAG_SET_ERGO(MaxRAM, (uint64_t)phys_mem);
1494     } else {
1495       phys_mem = (julong)MaxRAM;
1496     }
1497   } else {
1498     phys_mem = FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MaxRAM) ? MIN2(os::physical_memory(), (julong)MaxRAM)
1499                                        : (julong)MaxRAM;
1500   }
1501 
1502   // If the maximum heap size has not been set with -Xmx,
1503   // then set it as fraction of the size of physical memory,
1504   // respecting the maximum and minimum sizes of the heap.
1505   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MaxHeapSize)) {
1506     julong reasonable_max = (julong)(((double)phys_mem * MaxRAMPercentage) / 100);
1507     const julong reasonable_min = (julong)(((double)phys_mem * MinRAMPercentage) / 100);
1508     if (reasonable_min < MaxHeapSize) {
1509       // Small physical memory, so use a minimum fraction of it for the heap
1510       reasonable_max = reasonable_min;
1511     } else {
1512       // Not-small physical memory, so require a heap at least
1513       // as large as MaxHeapSize
1514       reasonable_max = MAX2(reasonable_max, (julong)MaxHeapSize);
1515     }
1516 
1517     if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(ErgoHeapSizeLimit) && ErgoHeapSizeLimit != 0) {
1518       // Limit the heap size to ErgoHeapSizeLimit
1519       reasonable_max = MIN2(reasonable_max, (julong)ErgoHeapSizeLimit);
1520     }
1521 
1522     reasonable_max = limit_heap_by_allocatable_memory(reasonable_max);
1523 
1524     if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(InitialHeapSize)) {
1525       // An initial heap size was specified on the command line,
1526       // so be sure that the maximum size is consistent.  Done
1527       // after call to limit_heap_by_allocatable_memory because that
1528       // method might reduce the allocation size.
1529       reasonable_max = MAX2(reasonable_max, (julong)InitialHeapSize);
1530     } else if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MinHeapSize)) {
1531       reasonable_max = MAX2(reasonable_max, (julong)MinHeapSize);
1532     }
1533 
1534 #ifdef _LP64
1535     if (UseCompressedOops || UseCompressedClassPointers) {
1536       // HeapBaseMinAddress can be greater than default but not less than.
1537       if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(HeapBaseMinAddress)) {
1538         if (HeapBaseMinAddress < DefaultHeapBaseMinAddress) {
1539           // matches compressed oops printing flags
1540           log_debug(gc, heap, coops)("HeapBaseMinAddress must be at least %zu"
1541                                      " (%zuG) which is greater than value given %zu",
1542                                      DefaultHeapBaseMinAddress,
1543                                      DefaultHeapBaseMinAddress/G,
1544                                      HeapBaseMinAddress);
1545           FLAG_SET_ERGO(HeapBaseMinAddress, DefaultHeapBaseMinAddress);
1546         }
1547       }
1548     }
1549     if (UseCompressedOops) {
1550       // Limit the heap size to the maximum possible when using compressed oops
1551       julong max_coop_heap = (julong)max_heap_for_compressed_oops();
1552 
1553       if (HeapBaseMinAddress + MaxHeapSize < max_coop_heap) {
1554         // Heap should be above HeapBaseMinAddress to get zero based compressed oops
1555         // but it should be not less than default MaxHeapSize.
1556         max_coop_heap -= HeapBaseMinAddress;
1557       }
1558 
1559       // If user specified flags prioritizing os physical
1560       // memory limits, then disable compressed oops if
1561       // limits exceed max_coop_heap and UseCompressedOops
1562       // was not specified.
1563       if (reasonable_max > max_coop_heap) {
1564         if (FLAG_IS_ERGO(UseCompressedOops) && override_coop_limit) {
1565           log_info(cds)("UseCompressedOops and UseCompressedClassPointers have been disabled due to"
1566             " max heap %zu > compressed oop heap %zu. "
1567             "Please check the setting of MaxRAMPercentage %5.2f."
1568             ,(size_t)reasonable_max, (size_t)max_coop_heap, MaxRAMPercentage);
1569           FLAG_SET_ERGO(UseCompressedOops, false);
1570         } else {
1571           reasonable_max = MIN2(reasonable_max, max_coop_heap);
1572         }
1573       }
1574     }
1575 #endif // _LP64
1576 
1577     log_trace(gc, heap)("  Maximum heap size %zu", (size_t) reasonable_max);
1578     FLAG_SET_ERGO(MaxHeapSize, (size_t)reasonable_max);
1579   }
1580 
1581   // If the minimum or initial heap_size have not been set or requested to be set
1582   // ergonomically, set them accordingly.
1583   if (InitialHeapSize == 0 || MinHeapSize == 0) {
1584     julong reasonable_minimum = (julong)(OldSize + NewSize);
1585 
1586     reasonable_minimum = MIN2(reasonable_minimum, (julong)MaxHeapSize);
1587 
1588     reasonable_minimum = limit_heap_by_allocatable_memory(reasonable_minimum);
1589 
1590     if (InitialHeapSize == 0) {
1591       julong reasonable_initial = (julong)(((double)phys_mem * InitialRAMPercentage) / 100);
1592       reasonable_initial = limit_heap_by_allocatable_memory(reasonable_initial);
1593 
1594       reasonable_initial = MAX3(reasonable_initial, reasonable_minimum, (julong)MinHeapSize);
1595       reasonable_initial = MIN2(reasonable_initial, (julong)MaxHeapSize);
1596 
1597       FLAG_SET_ERGO(InitialHeapSize, (size_t)reasonable_initial);
1598       log_trace(gc, heap)("  Initial heap size %zu", InitialHeapSize);
1599     }
1600     // If the minimum heap size has not been set (via -Xms or -XX:MinHeapSize),
1601     // synchronize with InitialHeapSize to avoid errors with the default value.
1602     if (MinHeapSize == 0) {
1603       FLAG_SET_ERGO(MinHeapSize, MIN2((size_t)reasonable_minimum, InitialHeapSize));
1604       log_trace(gc, heap)("  Minimum heap size %zu", MinHeapSize);
1605     }
1606   }
1607 }
1608 
1609 // This option inspects the machine and attempts to set various
1610 // parameters to be optimal for long-running, memory allocation
1611 // intensive jobs.  It is intended for machines with large
1612 // amounts of cpu and memory.
1613 jint Arguments::set_aggressive_heap_flags() {
1614   // initHeapSize is needed since _initial_heap_size is 4 bytes on a 32 bit
1615   // VM, but we may not be able to represent the total physical memory
1616   // available (like having 8gb of memory on a box but using a 32bit VM).
1617   // Thus, we need to make sure we're using a julong for intermediate
1618   // calculations.
1619   julong initHeapSize;
1620   julong total_memory = os::physical_memory();
1621 
1622   if (total_memory < (julong) 256 * M) {
1623     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1624             "You need at least 256mb of memory to use -XX:+AggressiveHeap\n");
1625     vm_exit(1);
1626   }
1627 
1628   // The heap size is half of available memory, or (at most)
1629   // all of possible memory less 160mb (leaving room for the OS
1630   // when using ISM).  This is the maximum; because adaptive sizing
1631   // is turned on below, the actual space used may be smaller.
1632 
1633   initHeapSize = MIN2(total_memory / (julong) 2,
1634           total_memory - (julong) 160 * M);
1635 
1636   initHeapSize = limit_heap_by_allocatable_memory(initHeapSize);
1637 
1638   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MaxHeapSize)) {
1639     if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(MaxHeapSize, initHeapSize) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
1640       return JNI_EINVAL;
1641     }
1642     if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(InitialHeapSize, initHeapSize) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
1643       return JNI_EINVAL;
1644     }
1645     if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(MinHeapSize, initHeapSize) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
1646       return JNI_EINVAL;
1647     }
1648   }
1649   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(NewSize)) {
1650     // Make the young generation 3/8ths of the total heap.
1651     if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(NewSize,
1652             ((julong) MaxHeapSize / (julong) 8) * (julong) 3) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
1653       return JNI_EINVAL;
1654     }
1655     if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(MaxNewSize, NewSize) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
1656       return JNI_EINVAL;
1657     }
1658   }
1659 
1660 #if !defined(_ALLBSD_SOURCE) && !defined(AIX)  // UseLargePages is not yet supported on BSD and AIX.
1661   FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseLargePages, true);
1662 #endif
1663 
1664   // Increase some data structure sizes for efficiency
1665   if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(ResizeTLAB, false) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
1666     return JNI_EINVAL;
1667   }
1668   if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(TLABSize, 256 * K) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
1669     return JNI_EINVAL;
1670   }
1671 
1672   // See the OldPLABSize comment below, but replace 'after promotion'
1673   // with 'after copying'.  YoungPLABSize is the size of the survivor
1674   // space per-gc-thread buffers.  The default is 4kw.
1675   if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(YoungPLABSize, 256 * K) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) { // Note: this is in words
1676     return JNI_EINVAL;
1677   }
1678 
1679   // OldPLABSize is the size of the buffers in the old gen that
1680   // UseParallelGC uses to promote live data that doesn't fit in the
1681   // survivor spaces.  At any given time, there's one for each gc thread.
1682   // The default size is 1kw. These buffers are rarely used, since the
1683   // survivor spaces are usually big enough.  For specjbb, however, there
1684   // are occasions when there's lots of live data in the young gen
1685   // and we end up promoting some of it.  We don't have a definite
1686   // explanation for why bumping OldPLABSize helps, but the theory
1687   // is that a bigger PLAB results in retaining something like the
1688   // original allocation order after promotion, which improves mutator
1689   // locality.  A minor effect may be that larger PLABs reduce the
1690   // number of PLAB allocation events during gc.  The value of 8kw
1691   // was arrived at by experimenting with specjbb.
1692   if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(OldPLABSize, 8 * K) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) { // Note: this is in words
1693     return JNI_EINVAL;
1694   }
1695 
1696   // Enable parallel GC and adaptive generation sizing
1697   if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(UseParallelGC, true) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
1698     return JNI_EINVAL;
1699   }
1700 
1701   // Encourage steady state memory management
1702   if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(ThresholdTolerance, 100) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
1703     return JNI_EINVAL;
1704   }
1705 
1706   return JNI_OK;
1707 }
1708 
1709 // This must be called after ergonomics.
1710 void Arguments::set_bytecode_flags() {
1711   if (!RewriteBytecodes) {
1712     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(RewriteFrequentPairs, false);
1713   }
1714 }
1715 
1716 // Aggressive optimization flags
1717 jint Arguments::set_aggressive_opts_flags() {
1718 #ifdef COMPILER2
1719   if (AggressiveUnboxing) {
1720     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(EliminateAutoBox)) {
1721       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(EliminateAutoBox, true);
1722     } else if (!EliminateAutoBox) {
1723       // warning("AggressiveUnboxing is disabled because EliminateAutoBox is disabled");
1724       AggressiveUnboxing = false;
1725     }
1726     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(DoEscapeAnalysis)) {
1727       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(DoEscapeAnalysis, true);
1728     } else if (!DoEscapeAnalysis) {
1729       // warning("AggressiveUnboxing is disabled because DoEscapeAnalysis is disabled");
1730       AggressiveUnboxing = false;
1731     }
1732   }
1733   if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(AutoBoxCacheMax)) {
1734     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(EliminateAutoBox)) {
1735       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(EliminateAutoBox, true);
1736     }
1737     // Feed the cache size setting into the JDK
1738     char buffer[1024];
1739     jio_snprintf(buffer, 1024, "java.lang.Integer.IntegerCache.high=%zd", AutoBoxCacheMax);
1740     if (!add_property(buffer)) {
1741       return JNI_ENOMEM;
1742     }
1743   }
1744 #endif
1745 
1746   return JNI_OK;
1747 }
1748 
1749 //===========================================================================================================
1750 
1751 void Arguments::process_java_launcher_argument(const char* launcher, void* extra_info) {
1752   if (_sun_java_launcher != _default_java_launcher) {
1753     os::free(const_cast<char*>(_sun_java_launcher));
1754   }
1755   _sun_java_launcher = os::strdup_check_oom(launcher);
1756 }
1757 
1758 bool Arguments::created_by_java_launcher() {
1759   assert(_sun_java_launcher != nullptr, "property must have value");
1760   return strcmp(DEFAULT_JAVA_LAUNCHER, _sun_java_launcher) != 0;
1761 }
1762 
1763 bool Arguments::executing_unit_tests() {
1764   return _executing_unit_tests;
1765 }
1766 
1767 //===========================================================================================================
1768 // Parsing of main arguments
1769 
1770 static unsigned int addreads_count = 0;
1771 static unsigned int addexports_count = 0;
1772 static unsigned int addopens_count = 0;
1773 static unsigned int patch_mod_count = 0;
1774 static unsigned int enable_native_access_count = 0;
1775 static bool patch_mod_javabase = false;
1776 
1777 // Check the consistency of vm_init_args
1778 bool Arguments::check_vm_args_consistency() {
1779   // This may modify compiler flags. Must be called before CompilerConfig::check_args_consistency()
1780   if (!CDSConfig::check_vm_args_consistency(patch_mod_javabase, mode_flag_cmd_line)) {
1781     return false;
1782   }
1783 
1784   // Method for adding checks for flag consistency.
1785   // The intent is to warn the user of all possible conflicts,
1786   // before returning an error.
1787   // Note: Needs platform-dependent factoring.
1788   bool status = true;
1789 
1790   if (TLABRefillWasteFraction == 0) {
1791     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1792                 "TLABRefillWasteFraction should be a denominator, "
1793                 "not %zu\n",
1794                 TLABRefillWasteFraction);
1795     status = false;
1796   }
1797 
1798   status = CompilerConfig::check_args_consistency(status);
1799 #if INCLUDE_JVMCI
1800   if (status && EnableJVMCI) {
1801     PropertyList_unique_add(&_system_properties, "jdk.internal.vm.ci.enabled", "true",
1802         AddProperty, UnwriteableProperty, InternalProperty);
1803     if (ClassLoader::is_module_observable("jdk.internal.vm.ci")) {
1804       if (!create_numbered_module_property("jdk.module.addmods", "jdk.internal.vm.ci", _addmods_count++)) {
1805         return false;
1806       }
1807     }
1808   }
1809 #endif
1810 
1811 #if INCLUDE_JFR
1812   if (status && (FlightRecorderOptions || StartFlightRecording)) {
1813     if (!create_numbered_module_property("jdk.module.addmods", "jdk.jfr", _addmods_count++)) {
1814       return false;
1815     }
1816   }
1817 #endif
1818 
1819 #ifndef SUPPORT_RESERVED_STACK_AREA
1820   if (StackReservedPages != 0) {
1821     FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(StackReservedPages, 0);
1822     warning("Reserved Stack Area not supported on this platform");
1823   }
1824 #endif
1825 
1826 #ifndef _LP64
1827   if (LockingMode == LM_LEGACY) {
1828     FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(LockingMode, LM_LIGHTWEIGHT);
1829     // Self-forwarding in bit 3 of the mark-word conflicts
1830     // with 4-byte-aligned stack-locks.
1831     warning("Legacy locking not supported on this platform");
1832   }
1833 #endif
1834 
1835   if (UseObjectMonitorTable && LockingMode != LM_LIGHTWEIGHT) {
1836     // ObjectMonitorTable requires lightweight locking.
1837     FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(UseObjectMonitorTable, false);
1838     warning("UseObjectMonitorTable requires LM_LIGHTWEIGHT");
1839   }
1840 
1841 #if !defined(X86) && !defined(AARCH64) && !defined(PPC64) && !defined(RISCV64) && !defined(S390)
1842   if (LockingMode == LM_MONITOR) {
1843     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1844                 "LockingMode == 0 (LM_MONITOR) is not fully implemented on this architecture\n");
1845     return false;
1846   }
1847 #endif
1848   if (VerifyHeavyMonitors && LockingMode != LM_MONITOR) {
1849     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1850                 "-XX:+VerifyHeavyMonitors requires LockingMode == 0 (LM_MONITOR)\n");
1851     return false;
1852   }
1853   return status;
1854 }
1855 
1856 bool Arguments::is_bad_option(const JavaVMOption* option, jboolean ignore,
1857   const char* option_type) {
1858   if (ignore) return false;
1859 
1860   const char* spacer = " ";
1861   if (option_type == nullptr) {
1862     option_type = ++spacer; // Set both to the empty string.
1863   }
1864 
1865   jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1866               "Unrecognized %s%soption: %s\n", option_type, spacer,
1867               option->optionString);
1868   return true;
1869 }
1870 
1871 static const char* user_assertion_options[] = {
1872   "-da", "-ea", "-disableassertions", "-enableassertions", nullptr
1873 };
1874 
1875 static const char* system_assertion_options[] = {
1876   "-dsa", "-esa", "-disablesystemassertions", "-enablesystemassertions", nullptr
1877 };
1878 
1879 bool Arguments::parse_uint(const char* value,
1880                            uint* uint_arg,
1881                            uint min_size) {
1882   uint n;
1883   if (!parse_integer(value, &n)) {
1884     return false;
1885   }
1886   if (n >= min_size) {
1887     *uint_arg = n;
1888     return true;
1889   } else {
1890     return false;
1891   }
1892 }
1893 
1894 bool Arguments::create_module_property(const char* prop_name, const char* prop_value, PropertyInternal internal) {
1895   assert(is_internal_module_property(prop_name), "unknown module property: '%s'", prop_name);
1896   CDSConfig::check_internal_module_property(prop_name, prop_value);
1897   size_t prop_len = strlen(prop_name) + strlen(prop_value) + 2;
1898   char* property = AllocateHeap(prop_len, mtArguments);
1899   int ret = jio_snprintf(property, prop_len, "%s=%s", prop_name, prop_value);
1900   if (ret < 0 || ret >= (int)prop_len) {
1901     FreeHeap(property);
1902     return false;
1903   }
1904   // These are not strictly writeable properties as they cannot be set via -Dprop=val. But that
1905   // is enforced by checking is_internal_module_property(). We need the property to be writeable so
1906   // that multiple occurrences of the associated flag just causes the existing property value to be
1907   // replaced ("last option wins"). Otherwise we would need to keep track of the flags and only convert
1908   // to a property after we have finished flag processing.
1909   bool added = add_property(property, WriteableProperty, internal);
1910   FreeHeap(property);
1911   return added;
1912 }
1913 
1914 bool Arguments::create_numbered_module_property(const char* prop_base_name, const char* prop_value, unsigned int count) {
1915   assert(is_internal_module_property(prop_base_name), "unknown module property: '%s'", prop_base_name);
1916   CDSConfig::check_internal_module_property(prop_base_name, prop_value);
1917   const unsigned int props_count_limit = 1000;
1918   const int max_digits = 3;
1919   const int extra_symbols_count = 3; // includes '.', '=', '\0'
1920 
1921   // Make sure count is < props_count_limit. Otherwise, memory allocation will be too small.
1922   if (count < props_count_limit) {
1923     size_t prop_len = strlen(prop_base_name) + strlen(prop_value) + max_digits + extra_symbols_count;
1924     char* property = AllocateHeap(prop_len, mtArguments);
1925     int ret = jio_snprintf(property, prop_len, "%s.%d=%s", prop_base_name, count, prop_value);
1926     if (ret < 0 || ret >= (int)prop_len) {
1927       FreeHeap(property);
1928       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(), "Failed to create property %s.%d=%s\n", prop_base_name, count, prop_value);
1929       return false;
1930     }
1931     bool added = add_property(property, UnwriteableProperty, InternalProperty);
1932     FreeHeap(property);
1933     return added;
1934   }
1935 
1936   jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(), "Property count limit exceeded: %s, limit=%d\n", prop_base_name, props_count_limit);
1937   return false;
1938 }
1939 
1940 Arguments::ArgsRange Arguments::parse_memory_size(const char* s,
1941                                                   julong* long_arg,
1942                                                   julong min_size,
1943                                                   julong max_size) {
1944   if (!parse_integer(s, long_arg)) return arg_unreadable;
1945   return check_memory_size(*long_arg, min_size, max_size);
1946 }
1947 
1948 // Parse JavaVMInitArgs structure
1949 
1950 jint Arguments::parse_vm_init_args(const JavaVMInitArgs *vm_options_args,
1951                                    const JavaVMInitArgs *java_tool_options_args,
1952                                    const JavaVMInitArgs *java_options_args,
1953                                    const JavaVMInitArgs *cmd_line_args) {
1954   // Save default settings for some mode flags
1955   Arguments::_AlwaysCompileLoopMethods = AlwaysCompileLoopMethods;
1956   Arguments::_UseOnStackReplacement    = UseOnStackReplacement;
1957   Arguments::_ClipInlining             = ClipInlining;
1958   Arguments::_BackgroundCompilation    = BackgroundCompilation;
1959 
1960   // Remember the default value of SharedBaseAddress.
1961   Arguments::_default_SharedBaseAddress = SharedBaseAddress;
1962 
1963   // Setup flags for mixed which is the default
1964   set_mode_flags(_mixed);
1965 
1966   // Parse args structure generated from java.base vm options resource
1967   jint result = parse_each_vm_init_arg(vm_options_args, JVMFlagOrigin::JIMAGE_RESOURCE);
1968   if (result != JNI_OK) {
1969     return result;
1970   }
1971 
1972   // Parse args structure generated from JAVA_TOOL_OPTIONS environment
1973   // variable (if present).
1974   result = parse_each_vm_init_arg(java_tool_options_args, JVMFlagOrigin::ENVIRON_VAR);
1975   if (result != JNI_OK) {
1976     return result;
1977   }
1978 
1979   // Parse args structure generated from the command line flags.
1980   result = parse_each_vm_init_arg(cmd_line_args, JVMFlagOrigin::COMMAND_LINE);
1981   if (result != JNI_OK) {
1982     return result;
1983   }
1984 
1985   // Parse args structure generated from the _JAVA_OPTIONS environment
1986   // variable (if present) (mimics classic VM)
1987   result = parse_each_vm_init_arg(java_options_args, JVMFlagOrigin::ENVIRON_VAR);
1988   if (result != JNI_OK) {
1989     return result;
1990   }
1991 
1992   // Disable CDS for exploded image
1993   if (!has_jimage()) {
1994     no_shared_spaces("CDS disabled on exploded JDK");
1995   }
1996 
1997   // We need to ensure processor and memory resources have been properly
1998   // configured - which may rely on arguments we just processed - before
1999   // doing the final argument processing. Any argument processing that
2000   // needs to know about processor and memory resources must occur after
2001   // this point.
2002 
2003   os::init_container_support();
2004 
2005   SystemMemoryBarrier::initialize();
2006 
2007   // Do final processing now that all arguments have been parsed
2008   result = finalize_vm_init_args();
2009   if (result != JNI_OK) {
2010     return result;
2011   }
2012 
2013   return JNI_OK;
2014 }
2015 
2016 #if !INCLUDE_JVMTI || INCLUDE_CDS
2017 // Checks if name in command-line argument -agent{lib,path}:name[=options]
2018 // represents a valid JDWP agent.  is_path==true denotes that we
2019 // are dealing with -agentpath (case where name is a path), otherwise with
2020 // -agentlib
2021 static bool valid_jdwp_agent(char *name, bool is_path) {
2022   char *_name;
2023   const char *_jdwp = "jdwp";
2024   size_t _len_jdwp, _len_prefix;
2025 
2026   if (is_path) {
2027     if ((_name = strrchr(name, (int) *os::file_separator())) == nullptr) {
2028       return false;
2029     }
2030 
2031     _name++;  // skip past last path separator
2032     _len_prefix = strlen(JNI_LIB_PREFIX);
2033 
2034     if (strncmp(_name, JNI_LIB_PREFIX, _len_prefix) != 0) {
2035       return false;
2036     }
2037 
2038     _name += _len_prefix;
2039     _len_jdwp = strlen(_jdwp);
2040 
2041     if (strncmp(_name, _jdwp, _len_jdwp) == 0) {
2042       _name += _len_jdwp;
2043     }
2044     else {
2045       return false;
2046     }
2047 
2048     if (strcmp(_name, JNI_LIB_SUFFIX) != 0) {
2049       return false;
2050     }
2051 
2052     return true;
2053   }
2054 
2055   if (strcmp(name, _jdwp) == 0) {
2056     return true;
2057   }
2058 
2059   return false;
2060 }
2061 #endif
2062 
2063 int Arguments::process_patch_mod_option(const char* patch_mod_tail) {
2064   // --patch-module=<module>=<file>(<pathsep><file>)*
2065   assert(patch_mod_tail != nullptr, "Unexpected null patch-module value");
2066   // Find the equal sign between the module name and the path specification
2067   const char* module_equal = strchr(patch_mod_tail, '=');
2068   if (module_equal == nullptr) {
2069     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(), "Missing '=' in --patch-module specification\n");
2070     return JNI_ERR;
2071   } else {
2072     // Pick out the module name
2073     size_t module_len = module_equal - patch_mod_tail;
2074     char* module_name = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY_RETURN_NULL(char, module_len+1, mtArguments);
2075     if (module_name != nullptr) {
2076       memcpy(module_name, patch_mod_tail, module_len);
2077       *(module_name + module_len) = '\0';
2078       // The path piece begins one past the module_equal sign
2079       add_patch_mod_prefix(module_name, module_equal + 1);
2080       FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, module_name);
2081       if (!create_numbered_module_property("jdk.module.patch", patch_mod_tail, patch_mod_count++)) {
2082         return JNI_ENOMEM;
2083       }
2084     } else {
2085       return JNI_ENOMEM;
2086     }
2087   }
2088   return JNI_OK;
2089 }
2090 
2091 // Parse -Xss memory string parameter and convert to ThreadStackSize in K.
2092 jint Arguments::parse_xss(const JavaVMOption* option, const char* tail, intx* out_ThreadStackSize) {
2093   // The min and max sizes match the values in globals.hpp, but scaled
2094   // with K. The values have been chosen so that alignment with page
2095   // size doesn't change the max value, which makes the conversions
2096   // back and forth between Xss value and ThreadStackSize value easier.
2097   // The values have also been chosen to fit inside a 32-bit signed type.
2098   const julong min_ThreadStackSize = 0;
2099   const julong max_ThreadStackSize = 1 * M;
2100 
2101   // Make sure the above values match the range set in globals.hpp
2102   const JVMTypedFlagLimit<intx>* limit = JVMFlagLimit::get_range_at(FLAG_MEMBER_ENUM(ThreadStackSize))->cast<intx>();
2103   assert(min_ThreadStackSize == static_cast<julong>(limit->min()), "must be");
2104   assert(max_ThreadStackSize == static_cast<julong>(limit->max()), "must be");
2105 
2106   const julong min_size = min_ThreadStackSize * K;
2107   const julong max_size = max_ThreadStackSize * K;
2108 
2109   assert(is_aligned(max_size, os::vm_page_size()), "Implementation assumption");
2110 
2111   julong size = 0;
2112   ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &size, min_size, max_size);
2113   if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
2114     bool silent = (option == nullptr); // Allow testing to silence error messages
2115     if (!silent) {
2116       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2117                   "Invalid thread stack size: %s\n", option->optionString);
2118       describe_range_error(errcode);
2119     }
2120     return JNI_EINVAL;
2121   }
2122 
2123   // Internally track ThreadStackSize in units of 1024 bytes.
2124   const julong size_aligned = align_up(size, K);
2125   assert(size <= size_aligned,
2126          "Overflow: " JULONG_FORMAT " " JULONG_FORMAT,
2127          size, size_aligned);
2128 
2129   const julong size_in_K = size_aligned / K;
2130   assert(size_in_K < (julong)max_intx,
2131          "size_in_K doesn't fit in the type of ThreadStackSize: " JULONG_FORMAT,
2132          size_in_K);
2133 
2134   // Check that code expanding ThreadStackSize to a page aligned number of bytes won't overflow.
2135   const julong max_expanded = align_up(size_in_K * K, os::vm_page_size());
2136   assert(max_expanded < max_uintx && max_expanded >= size_in_K,
2137          "Expansion overflowed: " JULONG_FORMAT " " JULONG_FORMAT,
2138          max_expanded, size_in_K);
2139 
2140   *out_ThreadStackSize = (intx)size_in_K;
2141 
2142   return JNI_OK;
2143 }
2144 
2145 jint Arguments::parse_each_vm_init_arg(const JavaVMInitArgs* args, JVMFlagOrigin origin) {
2146   // For match_option to return remaining or value part of option string
2147   const char* tail;
2148 
2149   // iterate over arguments
2150   for (int index = 0; index < args->nOptions; index++) {
2151     bool is_absolute_path = false;  // for -agentpath vs -agentlib
2152 
2153     const JavaVMOption* option = args->options + index;
2154 
2155     if (!match_option(option, "-Djava.class.path", &tail) &&
2156         !match_option(option, "-Dsun.java.command", &tail) &&
2157         !match_option(option, "-Dsun.java.launcher", &tail)) {
2158 
2159         // add all jvm options to the jvm_args string. This string
2160         // is used later to set the java.vm.args PerfData string constant.
2161         // the -Djava.class.path and the -Dsun.java.command options are
2162         // omitted from jvm_args string as each have their own PerfData
2163         // string constant object.
2164         build_jvm_args(option->optionString);
2165     }
2166 
2167     // -verbose:[class/module/gc/jni]
2168     if (match_option(option, "-verbose", &tail)) {
2169       if (!strcmp(tail, ":class") || !strcmp(tail, "")) {
2170         LogConfiguration::configure_stdout(LogLevel::Info, true, LOG_TAGS(class, load));
2171         LogConfiguration::configure_stdout(LogLevel::Info, true, LOG_TAGS(class, unload));
2172       } else if (!strcmp(tail, ":module")) {
2173         LogConfiguration::configure_stdout(LogLevel::Info, true, LOG_TAGS(module, load));
2174         LogConfiguration::configure_stdout(LogLevel::Info, true, LOG_TAGS(module, unload));
2175       } else if (!strcmp(tail, ":gc")) {
2176         if (_legacyGCLogging.lastFlag == 0) {
2177           _legacyGCLogging.lastFlag = 1;
2178         }
2179       } else if (!strcmp(tail, ":jni")) {
2180         LogConfiguration::configure_stdout(LogLevel::Debug, true, LOG_TAGS(jni, resolve));
2181       }
2182     // -da / -ea / -disableassertions / -enableassertions
2183     // These accept an optional class/package name separated by a colon, e.g.,
2184     // -da:java.lang.Thread.
2185     } else if (match_option(option, user_assertion_options, &tail, true)) {
2186       bool enable = option->optionString[1] == 'e';     // char after '-' is 'e'
2187       if (*tail == '\0') {
2188         JavaAssertions::setUserClassDefault(enable);
2189       } else {
2190         assert(*tail == ':', "bogus match by match_option()");
2191         JavaAssertions::addOption(tail + 1, enable);
2192       }
2193     // -dsa / -esa / -disablesystemassertions / -enablesystemassertions
2194     } else if (match_option(option, system_assertion_options, &tail, false)) {
2195       bool enable = option->optionString[1] == 'e';     // char after '-' is 'e'
2196       JavaAssertions::setSystemClassDefault(enable);
2197     // -bootclasspath:
2198     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xbootclasspath:", &tail)) {
2199         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(),
2200           "-Xbootclasspath is no longer a supported option.\n");
2201         return JNI_EINVAL;
2202     // -bootclasspath/a:
2203     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xbootclasspath/a:", &tail)) {
2204       Arguments::append_sysclasspath(tail);
2205     // -bootclasspath/p:
2206     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xbootclasspath/p:", &tail)) {
2207         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(),
2208           "-Xbootclasspath/p is no longer a supported option.\n");
2209         return JNI_EINVAL;
2210     // -Xrun
2211     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xrun", &tail)) {
2212       if (tail != nullptr) {
2213         const char* pos = strchr(tail, ':');
2214         size_t len = (pos == nullptr) ? strlen(tail) : pos - tail;
2215         char* name = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, len + 1, mtArguments);
2216         jio_snprintf(name, len + 1, "%s", tail);
2217 
2218         char *options = nullptr;
2219         if(pos != nullptr) {
2220           size_t len2 = strlen(pos+1) + 1; // options start after ':'.  Final zero must be copied.
2221           options = (char*)memcpy(NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, len2, mtArguments), pos+1, len2);
2222         }
2223 #if !INCLUDE_JVMTI
2224         if (strcmp(name, "jdwp") == 0) {
2225           jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2226             "Debugging agents are not supported in this VM\n");
2227           return JNI_ERR;
2228         }
2229 #endif // !INCLUDE_JVMTI
2230         JvmtiAgentList::add_xrun(name, options, false);
2231         FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, name);
2232         FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, options);
2233       }
2234     } else if (match_option(option, "--add-reads=", &tail)) {
2235       if (!create_numbered_module_property("jdk.module.addreads", tail, addreads_count++)) {
2236         return JNI_ENOMEM;
2237       }
2238     } else if (match_option(option, "--add-exports=", &tail)) {
2239       if (!create_numbered_module_property("jdk.module.addexports", tail, addexports_count++)) {
2240         return JNI_ENOMEM;
2241       }
2242     } else if (match_option(option, "--add-opens=", &tail)) {
2243       if (!create_numbered_module_property("jdk.module.addopens", tail, addopens_count++)) {
2244         return JNI_ENOMEM;
2245       }
2246     } else if (match_option(option, "--add-modules=", &tail)) {
2247       if (!create_numbered_module_property("jdk.module.addmods", tail, _addmods_count++)) {
2248         return JNI_ENOMEM;
2249       }
2250     } else if (match_option(option, "--enable-native-access=", &tail)) {
2251       if (!create_numbered_module_property("jdk.module.enable.native.access", tail, enable_native_access_count++)) {
2252         return JNI_ENOMEM;
2253       }
2254     } else if (match_option(option, "--illegal-native-access=", &tail)) {
2255       if (!create_module_property("jdk.module.illegal.native.access", tail, InternalProperty)) {
2256         return JNI_ENOMEM;
2257       }
2258     } else if (match_option(option, "--limit-modules=", &tail)) {
2259       if (!create_module_property("jdk.module.limitmods", tail, InternalProperty)) {
2260         return JNI_ENOMEM;
2261       }
2262     } else if (match_option(option, "--module-path=", &tail)) {
2263       if (!create_module_property("jdk.module.path", tail, ExternalProperty)) {
2264         return JNI_ENOMEM;
2265       }
2266     } else if (match_option(option, "--upgrade-module-path=", &tail)) {
2267       if (!create_module_property("jdk.module.upgrade.path", tail, ExternalProperty)) {
2268         return JNI_ENOMEM;
2269       }
2270     } else if (match_option(option, "--patch-module=", &tail)) {
2271       // --patch-module=<module>=<file>(<pathsep><file>)*
2272       int res = process_patch_mod_option(tail);
2273       if (res != JNI_OK) {
2274         return res;
2275       }
2276     } else if (match_option(option, "--sun-misc-unsafe-memory-access=", &tail)) {
2277       if (strcmp(tail, "allow") == 0 || strcmp(tail, "warn") == 0 || strcmp(tail, "debug") == 0 || strcmp(tail, "deny") == 0) {
2278         PropertyList_unique_add(&_system_properties, "sun.misc.unsafe.memory.access", tail,
2279                                 AddProperty, WriteableProperty, InternalProperty);
2280       } else {
2281         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2282                     "Value specified to --sun-misc-unsafe-memory-access not recognized: '%s'\n", tail);
2283         return JNI_ERR;
2284       }
2285     } else if (match_option(option, "--illegal-access=", &tail)) {
2286       char version[256];
2287       JDK_Version::jdk(17).to_string(version, sizeof(version));
2288       warning("Ignoring option %s; support was removed in %s", option->optionString, version);
2289     // -agentlib and -agentpath
2290     } else if (match_option(option, "-agentlib:", &tail) ||
2291           (is_absolute_path = match_option(option, "-agentpath:", &tail))) {
2292       if(tail != nullptr) {
2293         const char* pos = strchr(tail, '=');
2294         char* name;
2295         if (pos == nullptr) {
2296           name = os::strdup_check_oom(tail, mtArguments);
2297         } else {
2298           size_t len = pos - tail;
2299           name = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, len + 1, mtArguments);
2300           memcpy(name, tail, len);
2301           name[len] = '\0';
2302         }
2303 
2304         char *options = nullptr;
2305         if(pos != nullptr) {
2306           options = os::strdup_check_oom(pos + 1, mtArguments);
2307         }
2308 #if !INCLUDE_JVMTI
2309         if (valid_jdwp_agent(name, is_absolute_path)) {
2310           jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2311             "Debugging agents are not supported in this VM\n");
2312           return JNI_ERR;
2313         }
2314 #elif INCLUDE_CDS
2315         if (valid_jdwp_agent(name, is_absolute_path)) {
2316           _has_jdwp_agent = true;
2317         }
2318 #endif // !INCLUDE_JVMTI
2319         JvmtiAgentList::add(name, options, is_absolute_path);
2320         os::free(name);
2321         os::free(options);
2322       }
2323     // -javaagent
2324     } else if (match_option(option, "-javaagent:", &tail)) {
2325 #if !INCLUDE_JVMTI
2326       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2327         "Instrumentation agents are not supported in this VM\n");
2328       return JNI_ERR;
2329 #else
2330       if (tail != nullptr) {
2331         size_t length = strlen(tail) + 1;
2332         char *options = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, length, mtArguments);
2333         jio_snprintf(options, length, "%s", tail);
2334         JvmtiAgentList::add("instrument", options, false);
2335         FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, options);
2336 
2337         // java agents need module java.instrument
2338         if (!create_numbered_module_property("jdk.module.addmods", "java.instrument", _addmods_count++)) {
2339           return JNI_ENOMEM;
2340         }
2341       }
2342 #endif // !INCLUDE_JVMTI
2343     // --enable_preview
2344     } else if (match_option(option, "--enable-preview")) {
2345       set_enable_preview();
2346     // -Xnoclassgc
2347     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xnoclassgc")) {
2348       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(ClassUnloading, false) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2349         return JNI_EINVAL;
2350       }
2351     // -Xbatch
2352     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xbatch")) {
2353       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(BackgroundCompilation, false) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2354         return JNI_EINVAL;
2355       }
2356     // -Xmn for compatibility with other JVM vendors
2357     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xmn", &tail)) {
2358       julong long_initial_young_size = 0;
2359       ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &long_initial_young_size, 1);
2360       if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
2361         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2362                     "Invalid initial young generation size: %s\n", option->optionString);
2363         describe_range_error(errcode);
2364         return JNI_EINVAL;
2365       }
2366       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(MaxNewSize, (size_t)long_initial_young_size) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2367         return JNI_EINVAL;
2368       }
2369       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(NewSize, (size_t)long_initial_young_size) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2370         return JNI_EINVAL;
2371       }
2372     // -Xms
2373     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xms", &tail)) {
2374       julong size = 0;
2375       // an initial heap size of 0 means automatically determine
2376       ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &size, 0);
2377       if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
2378         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2379                     "Invalid initial heap size: %s\n", option->optionString);
2380         describe_range_error(errcode);
2381         return JNI_EINVAL;
2382       }
2383       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(MinHeapSize, (size_t)size) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2384         return JNI_EINVAL;
2385       }
2386       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(InitialHeapSize, (size_t)size) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2387         return JNI_EINVAL;
2388       }
2389     // -Xmx
2390     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xmx", &tail) || match_option(option, "-XX:MaxHeapSize=", &tail)) {
2391       julong long_max_heap_size = 0;
2392       ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &long_max_heap_size, 1);
2393       if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
2394         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2395                     "Invalid maximum heap size: %s\n", option->optionString);
2396         describe_range_error(errcode);
2397         return JNI_EINVAL;
2398       }
2399       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(MaxHeapSize, (size_t)long_max_heap_size) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2400         return JNI_EINVAL;
2401       }
2402     // Xmaxf
2403     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xmaxf", &tail)) {
2404       char* err;
2405       int maxf = (int)(strtod(tail, &err) * 100);
2406       if (*err != '\0' || *tail == '\0') {
2407         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2408                     "Bad max heap free percentage size: %s\n",
2409                     option->optionString);
2410         return JNI_EINVAL;
2411       } else {
2412         if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(MaxHeapFreeRatio, maxf) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2413             return JNI_EINVAL;
2414         }
2415       }
2416     // Xminf
2417     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xminf", &tail)) {
2418       char* err;
2419       int minf = (int)(strtod(tail, &err) * 100);
2420       if (*err != '\0' || *tail == '\0') {
2421         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2422                     "Bad min heap free percentage size: %s\n",
2423                     option->optionString);
2424         return JNI_EINVAL;
2425       } else {
2426         if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(MinHeapFreeRatio, minf) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2427           return JNI_EINVAL;
2428         }
2429       }
2430     // -Xss
2431     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xss", &tail)) {
2432       intx value = 0;
2433       jint err = parse_xss(option, tail, &value);
2434       if (err != JNI_OK) {
2435         return err;
2436       }
2437       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(ThreadStackSize, value) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2438         return JNI_EINVAL;
2439       }
2440     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xmaxjitcodesize", &tail) ||
2441                match_option(option, "-XX:ReservedCodeCacheSize=", &tail)) {
2442       julong long_ReservedCodeCacheSize = 0;
2443 
2444       ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &long_ReservedCodeCacheSize, 1);
2445       if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
2446         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2447                     "Invalid maximum code cache size: %s.\n", option->optionString);
2448         return JNI_EINVAL;
2449       }
2450       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(ReservedCodeCacheSize, (uintx)long_ReservedCodeCacheSize) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2451         return JNI_EINVAL;
2452       }
2453     // -green
2454     } else if (match_option(option, "-green")) {
2455       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2456                   "Green threads support not available\n");
2457           return JNI_EINVAL;
2458     // -native
2459     } else if (match_option(option, "-native")) {
2460           // HotSpot always uses native threads, ignore silently for compatibility
2461     // -Xrs
2462     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xrs")) {
2463           // Classic/EVM option, new functionality
2464       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(ReduceSignalUsage, true) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2465         return JNI_EINVAL;
2466       }
2467       // -Xprof
2468     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xprof")) {
2469       char version[256];
2470       // Obsolete in JDK 10
2471       JDK_Version::jdk(10).to_string(version, sizeof(version));
2472       warning("Ignoring option %s; support was removed in %s", option->optionString, version);
2473     // -Xinternalversion
2474     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xinternalversion")) {
2475       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(), "%s\n",
2476                   VM_Version::internal_vm_info_string());
2477       vm_exit(0);
2478 #ifndef PRODUCT
2479     // -Xprintflags
2480     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xprintflags")) {
2481       JVMFlag::printFlags(tty, false);
2482       vm_exit(0);
2483 #endif
2484     // -D
2485     } else if (match_option(option, "-D", &tail)) {
2486       const char* value;
2487       if (match_option(option, "-Djava.endorsed.dirs=", &value) &&
2488             *value!= '\0' && strcmp(value, "\"\"") != 0) {
2489         // abort if -Djava.endorsed.dirs is set
2490         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(),
2491           "-Djava.endorsed.dirs=%s is not supported. Endorsed standards and standalone APIs\n"
2492           "in modular form will be supported via the concept of upgradeable modules.\n", value);
2493         return JNI_EINVAL;
2494       }
2495       if (match_option(option, "-Djava.ext.dirs=", &value) &&
2496             *value != '\0' && strcmp(value, "\"\"") != 0) {
2497         // abort if -Djava.ext.dirs is set
2498         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(),
2499           "-Djava.ext.dirs=%s is not supported.  Use -classpath instead.\n", value);
2500         return JNI_EINVAL;
2501       }
2502       // Check for module related properties.  They must be set using the modules
2503       // options. For example: use "--add-modules=java.sql", not
2504       // "-Djdk.module.addmods=java.sql"
2505       if (is_internal_module_property(option->optionString + 2)) {
2506         needs_module_property_warning = true;
2507         continue;
2508       }
2509       if (!add_property(tail)) {
2510         return JNI_ENOMEM;
2511       }
2512       // Out of the box management support
2513       if (match_option(option, "-Dcom.sun.management", &tail)) {
2514 #if INCLUDE_MANAGEMENT
2515         if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(ManagementServer, true) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2516           return JNI_EINVAL;
2517         }
2518         // management agent in module jdk.management.agent
2519         if (!create_numbered_module_property("jdk.module.addmods", "jdk.management.agent", _addmods_count++)) {
2520           return JNI_ENOMEM;
2521         }
2522 #else
2523         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(),
2524           "-Dcom.sun.management is not supported in this VM.\n");
2525         return JNI_ERR;
2526 #endif
2527       }
2528     // -Xint
2529     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xint")) {
2530           set_mode_flags(_int);
2531           mode_flag_cmd_line = true;
2532     // -Xmixed
2533     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xmixed")) {
2534           set_mode_flags(_mixed);
2535           mode_flag_cmd_line = true;
2536     // -Xcomp
2537     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xcomp")) {
2538       // for testing the compiler; turn off all flags that inhibit compilation
2539           set_mode_flags(_comp);
2540           mode_flag_cmd_line = true;
2541     // -Xshare:dump
2542     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xshare:dump")) {
2543       CDSConfig::enable_dumping_static_archive();
2544       CDSConfig::set_old_cds_flags_used();
2545     // -Xshare:on
2546     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xshare:on")) {
2547       UseSharedSpaces = true;
2548       RequireSharedSpaces = true;
2549       CDSConfig::set_old_cds_flags_used();
2550     // -Xshare:auto || -XX:ArchiveClassesAtExit=<archive file>
2551     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xshare:auto")) {
2552       UseSharedSpaces = true;
2553       RequireSharedSpaces = false;
2554       xshare_auto_cmd_line = true;
2555       CDSConfig::set_old_cds_flags_used();
2556     // -Xshare:off
2557     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xshare:off")) {
2558       UseSharedSpaces = false;
2559       RequireSharedSpaces = false;
2560       CDSConfig::set_old_cds_flags_used();
2561     // -Xverify
2562     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xverify", &tail)) {
2563       if (strcmp(tail, ":all") == 0 || strcmp(tail, "") == 0) {
2564         if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(BytecodeVerificationLocal, true) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2565           return JNI_EINVAL;
2566         }
2567         if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(BytecodeVerificationRemote, true) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2568           return JNI_EINVAL;
2569         }
2570       } else if (strcmp(tail, ":remote") == 0) {
2571         if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(BytecodeVerificationLocal, false) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2572           return JNI_EINVAL;
2573         }
2574         if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(BytecodeVerificationRemote, true) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2575           return JNI_EINVAL;
2576         }
2577       } else if (strcmp(tail, ":none") == 0) {
2578         if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(BytecodeVerificationLocal, false) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2579           return JNI_EINVAL;
2580         }
2581         if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(BytecodeVerificationRemote, false) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2582           return JNI_EINVAL;
2583         }
2584         warning("Options -Xverify:none and -noverify were deprecated in JDK 13 and will likely be removed in a future release.");
2585       } else if (is_bad_option(option, args->ignoreUnrecognized, "verification")) {
2586         return JNI_EINVAL;
2587       }
2588     // -Xdebug
2589     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xdebug")) {
2590       warning("Option -Xdebug was deprecated in JDK 22 and will likely be removed in a future release.");
2591     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xloggc:", &tail)) {
2592       // Deprecated flag to redirect GC output to a file. -Xloggc:<filename>
2593       log_warning(gc)("-Xloggc is deprecated. Will use -Xlog:gc:%s instead.", tail);
2594       _legacyGCLogging.lastFlag = 2;
2595       _legacyGCLogging.file = os::strdup_check_oom(tail);
2596     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xlog", &tail)) {
2597       bool ret = false;
2598       if (strcmp(tail, ":help") == 0) {
2599         fileStream stream(defaultStream::output_stream());
2600         LogConfiguration::print_command_line_help(&stream);
2601         vm_exit(0);
2602       } else if (strcmp(tail, ":disable") == 0) {
2603         LogConfiguration::disable_logging();
2604         ret = true;
2605       } else if (strncmp(tail, ":async", strlen(":async")) == 0) {
2606         const char* async_tail = tail + strlen(":async");
2607         ret = LogConfiguration::parse_async_argument(async_tail);
2608       } else if (*tail == '\0') {
2609         ret = LogConfiguration::parse_command_line_arguments();
2610         assert(ret, "-Xlog without arguments should never fail to parse");
2611       } else if (*tail == ':') {
2612         ret = LogConfiguration::parse_command_line_arguments(tail + 1);
2613       }
2614       if (ret == false) {
2615         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2616                     "Invalid -Xlog option '-Xlog%s', see error log for details.\n",
2617                     tail);
2618         return JNI_EINVAL;
2619       }
2620     // JNI hooks
2621     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xcheck", &tail)) {
2622       if (!strcmp(tail, ":jni")) {
2623 #if !INCLUDE_JNI_CHECK
2624         warning("JNI CHECKING is not supported in this VM");
2625 #else
2626         CheckJNICalls = true;
2627 #endif // INCLUDE_JNI_CHECK
2628       } else if (is_bad_option(option, args->ignoreUnrecognized,
2629                                      "check")) {
2630         return JNI_EINVAL;
2631       }
2632     } else if (match_option(option, "vfprintf")) {
2633       _vfprintf_hook = CAST_TO_FN_PTR(vfprintf_hook_t, option->extraInfo);
2634     } else if (match_option(option, "exit")) {
2635       _exit_hook = CAST_TO_FN_PTR(exit_hook_t, option->extraInfo);
2636     } else if (match_option(option, "abort")) {
2637       _abort_hook = CAST_TO_FN_PTR(abort_hook_t, option->extraInfo);
2638     // Need to keep consistency of MaxTenuringThreshold and AlwaysTenure/NeverTenure;
2639     // and the last option wins.
2640     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+NeverTenure")) {
2641       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(NeverTenure, true) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2642         return JNI_EINVAL;
2643       }
2644       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(AlwaysTenure, false) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2645         return JNI_EINVAL;
2646       }
2647       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(MaxTenuringThreshold, markWord::max_age + 1) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2648         return JNI_EINVAL;
2649       }
2650     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+AlwaysTenure")) {
2651       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(NeverTenure, false) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2652         return JNI_EINVAL;
2653       }
2654       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(AlwaysTenure, true) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2655         return JNI_EINVAL;
2656       }
2657       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(MaxTenuringThreshold, 0) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2658         return JNI_EINVAL;
2659       }
2660     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:MaxTenuringThreshold=", &tail)) {
2661       uint max_tenuring_thresh = 0;
2662       if (!parse_uint(tail, &max_tenuring_thresh, 0)) {
2663         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2664                     "Improperly specified VM option \'MaxTenuringThreshold=%s\'\n", tail);
2665         return JNI_EINVAL;
2666       }
2667 
2668       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(MaxTenuringThreshold, max_tenuring_thresh) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2669         return JNI_EINVAL;
2670       }
2671 
2672       if (MaxTenuringThreshold == 0) {
2673         if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(NeverTenure, false) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2674           return JNI_EINVAL;
2675         }
2676         if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(AlwaysTenure, true) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2677           return JNI_EINVAL;
2678         }
2679       } else {
2680         if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(NeverTenure, false) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2681           return JNI_EINVAL;
2682         }
2683         if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(AlwaysTenure, false) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2684           return JNI_EINVAL;
2685         }
2686       }
2687     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+DisplayVMOutputToStderr")) {
2688       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(DisplayVMOutputToStdout, false) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2689         return JNI_EINVAL;
2690       }
2691       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(DisplayVMOutputToStderr, true) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2692         return JNI_EINVAL;
2693       }
2694     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+DisplayVMOutputToStdout")) {
2695       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(DisplayVMOutputToStderr, false) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2696         return JNI_EINVAL;
2697       }
2698       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(DisplayVMOutputToStdout, true) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2699         return JNI_EINVAL;
2700       }
2701     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+ErrorFileToStderr")) {
2702       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(ErrorFileToStdout, false) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2703         return JNI_EINVAL;
2704       }
2705       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(ErrorFileToStderr, true) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2706         return JNI_EINVAL;
2707       }
2708     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+ErrorFileToStdout")) {
2709       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(ErrorFileToStderr, false) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2710         return JNI_EINVAL;
2711       }
2712       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(ErrorFileToStdout, true) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2713         return JNI_EINVAL;
2714       }
2715     } else if (match_option(option, "--finalization=", &tail)) {
2716       if (strcmp(tail, "enabled") == 0) {
2717         InstanceKlass::set_finalization_enabled(true);
2718       } else if (strcmp(tail, "disabled") == 0) {
2719         InstanceKlass::set_finalization_enabled(false);
2720       } else {
2721         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2722                     "Invalid finalization value '%s', must be 'disabled' or 'enabled'.\n",
2723                     tail);
2724         return JNI_EINVAL;
2725       }
2726 #if !defined(DTRACE_ENABLED)
2727     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+DTraceMethodProbes")) {
2728       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2729                   "DTraceMethodProbes flag is not applicable for this configuration\n");
2730       return JNI_EINVAL;
2731     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+DTraceAllocProbes")) {
2732       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2733                   "DTraceAllocProbes flag is not applicable for this configuration\n");
2734       return JNI_EINVAL;
2735     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+DTraceMonitorProbes")) {
2736       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2737                   "DTraceMonitorProbes flag is not applicable for this configuration\n");
2738       return JNI_EINVAL;
2739 #endif // !defined(DTRACE_ENABLED)
2740 #ifdef ASSERT
2741     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+FullGCALot")) {
2742       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(FullGCALot, true) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2743         return JNI_EINVAL;
2744       }
2745 #endif
2746 #if !INCLUDE_MANAGEMENT
2747     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+ManagementServer")) {
2748         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2749           "ManagementServer is not supported in this VM.\n");
2750         return JNI_ERR;
2751 #endif // INCLUDE_MANAGEMENT
2752 #if INCLUDE_JVMCI
2753     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:-EnableJVMCIProduct") || match_option(option, "-XX:-UseGraalJIT")) {
2754       if (EnableJVMCIProduct) {
2755         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2756                   "-XX:-EnableJVMCIProduct or -XX:-UseGraalJIT cannot come after -XX:+EnableJVMCIProduct or -XX:+UseGraalJIT\n");
2757         return JNI_EINVAL;
2758       }
2759     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+EnableJVMCIProduct") || match_option(option, "-XX:+UseGraalJIT")) {
2760       bool use_graal_jit = match_option(option, "-XX:+UseGraalJIT");
2761       if (use_graal_jit) {
2762         const char* jvmci_compiler = get_property("jvmci.Compiler");
2763         if (jvmci_compiler != nullptr) {
2764           if (strncmp(jvmci_compiler, "graal", strlen("graal")) != 0) {
2765             jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2766               "Value of jvmci.Compiler incompatible with +UseGraalJIT: %s\n", jvmci_compiler);
2767             return JNI_ERR;
2768           }
2769         } else if (!add_property("jvmci.Compiler=graal")) {
2770             return JNI_ENOMEM;
2771         }
2772       }
2773 
2774       // Just continue, since "-XX:+EnableJVMCIProduct" or "-XX:+UseGraalJIT" has been specified before
2775       if (EnableJVMCIProduct) {
2776         continue;
2777       }
2778       JVMFlag *jvmciFlag = JVMFlag::find_flag("EnableJVMCIProduct");
2779       // Allow this flag if it has been unlocked.
2780       if (jvmciFlag != nullptr && jvmciFlag->is_unlocked()) {
2781         if (!JVMCIGlobals::enable_jvmci_product_mode(origin, use_graal_jit)) {
2782           jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2783             "Unable to enable JVMCI in product mode\n");
2784           return JNI_ERR;
2785         }
2786       }
2787       // The flag was locked so process normally to report that error
2788       else if (!process_argument(use_graal_jit ? "UseGraalJIT" : "EnableJVMCIProduct", args->ignoreUnrecognized, origin)) {
2789         return JNI_EINVAL;
2790       }
2791 #endif // INCLUDE_JVMCI
2792 #if INCLUDE_JFR
2793     } else if (match_jfr_option(&option)) {
2794       return JNI_EINVAL;
2795 #endif
2796     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:", &tail)) { // -XX:xxxx
2797       // Skip -XX:Flags= and -XX:VMOptionsFile= since those cases have
2798       // already been handled
2799       if ((strncmp(tail, "Flags=", strlen("Flags=")) != 0) &&
2800           (strncmp(tail, "VMOptionsFile=", strlen("VMOptionsFile=")) != 0)) {
2801         if (!process_argument(tail, args->ignoreUnrecognized, origin)) {
2802           return JNI_EINVAL;
2803         }
2804       }
2805     // Unknown option
2806     } else if (is_bad_option(option, args->ignoreUnrecognized)) {
2807       return JNI_ERR;
2808     }
2809   }
2810 
2811   // PrintSharedArchiveAndExit will turn on
2812   //   -Xshare:on
2813   //   -Xlog:class+path=info
2814   if (PrintSharedArchiveAndExit) {
2815     UseSharedSpaces = true;
2816     RequireSharedSpaces = true;
2817     LogConfiguration::configure_stdout(LogLevel::Info, true, LOG_TAGS(class, path));
2818   }
2819 
2820   fix_appclasspath();
2821 
2822   return JNI_OK;
2823 }
2824 
2825 void Arguments::add_patch_mod_prefix(const char* module_name, const char* path) {
2826   // For java.base check for duplicate --patch-module options being specified on the command line.
2827   // This check is only required for java.base, all other duplicate module specifications
2828   // will be checked during module system initialization.  The module system initialization
2829   // will throw an ExceptionInInitializerError if this situation occurs.
2830   if (strcmp(module_name, JAVA_BASE_NAME) == 0) {
2831     if (patch_mod_javabase) {
2832       vm_exit_during_initialization("Cannot specify " JAVA_BASE_NAME " more than once to --patch-module");
2833     } else {
2834       patch_mod_javabase = true;
2835     }
2836   }
2837 
2838   // Create GrowableArray lazily, only if --patch-module has been specified
2839   if (_patch_mod_prefix == nullptr) {
2840     _patch_mod_prefix = new (mtArguments) GrowableArray<ModulePatchPath*>(10, mtArguments);
2841   }
2842 
2843   _patch_mod_prefix->push(new ModulePatchPath(module_name, path));
2844 }
2845 
2846 // Remove all empty paths from the app classpath (if IgnoreEmptyClassPaths is enabled)
2847 //
2848 // This is necessary because some apps like to specify classpath like -cp foo.jar:${XYZ}:bar.jar
2849 // in their start-up scripts. If XYZ is empty, the classpath will look like "-cp foo.jar::bar.jar".
2850 // Java treats such empty paths as if the user specified "-cp foo.jar:.:bar.jar". I.e., an empty
2851 // path is treated as the current directory.
2852 //
2853 // This causes problems with CDS, which requires that all directories specified in the classpath
2854 // must be empty. In most cases, applications do NOT want to load classes from the current
2855 // directory anyway. Adding -XX:+IgnoreEmptyClassPaths will make these applications' start-up
2856 // scripts compatible with CDS.
2857 void Arguments::fix_appclasspath() {
2858   if (IgnoreEmptyClassPaths) {
2859     const char separator = *os::path_separator();
2860     const char* src = _java_class_path->value();
2861 
2862     // skip over all the leading empty paths
2863     while (*src == separator) {
2864       src ++;
2865     }
2866 
2867     char* copy = os::strdup_check_oom(src, mtArguments);
2868 
2869     // trim all trailing empty paths
2870     for (char* tail = copy + strlen(copy) - 1; tail >= copy && *tail == separator; tail--) {
2871       *tail = '\0';
2872     }
2873 
2874     char from[3] = {separator, separator, '\0'};
2875     char to  [2] = {separator, '\0'};
2876     while (StringUtils::replace_no_expand(copy, from, to) > 0) {
2877       // Keep replacing "::" -> ":" until we have no more "::" (non-windows)
2878       // Keep replacing ";;" -> ";" until we have no more ";;" (windows)
2879     }
2880 
2881     _java_class_path->set_writeable_value(copy);
2882     FreeHeap(copy); // a copy was made by set_value, so don't need this anymore
2883   }
2884 }
2885 
2886 jint Arguments::finalize_vm_init_args() {
2887   // check if the default lib/endorsed directory exists; if so, error
2888   char path[JVM_MAXPATHLEN];
2889   const char* fileSep = os::file_separator();
2890   jio_snprintf(path, JVM_MAXPATHLEN, "%s%slib%sendorsed", Arguments::get_java_home(), fileSep, fileSep);
2891 
2892   DIR* dir = os::opendir(path);
2893   if (dir != nullptr) {
2894     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(),
2895       "<JAVA_HOME>/lib/endorsed is not supported. Endorsed standards and standalone APIs\n"
2896       "in modular form will be supported via the concept of upgradeable modules.\n");
2897     os::closedir(dir);
2898     return JNI_ERR;
2899   }
2900 
2901   jio_snprintf(path, JVM_MAXPATHLEN, "%s%slib%sext", Arguments::get_java_home(), fileSep, fileSep);
2902   dir = os::opendir(path);
2903   if (dir != nullptr) {
2904     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(),
2905       "<JAVA_HOME>/lib/ext exists, extensions mechanism no longer supported; "
2906       "Use -classpath instead.\n.");
2907     os::closedir(dir);
2908     return JNI_ERR;
2909   }
2910 
2911   // This must be done after all arguments have been processed
2912   // and the container support has been initialized since AggressiveHeap
2913   // relies on the amount of total memory available.
2914   if (AggressiveHeap) {
2915     jint result = set_aggressive_heap_flags();
2916     if (result != JNI_OK) {
2917       return result;
2918     }
2919   }
2920 
2921   // CompileThresholdScaling == 0.0 is same as -Xint: Disable compilation (enable interpreter-only mode),
2922   // but like -Xint, leave compilation thresholds unaffected.
2923   // With tiered compilation disabled, setting CompileThreshold to 0 disables compilation as well.
2924   if ((CompileThresholdScaling == 0.0) || (!TieredCompilation && CompileThreshold == 0)) {
2925     set_mode_flags(_int);
2926   }
2927 
2928 #ifdef ZERO
2929   // Zero always runs in interpreted mode
2930   set_mode_flags(_int);
2931 #endif
2932 
2933   // eventually fix up InitialTenuringThreshold if only MaxTenuringThreshold is set
2934   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(InitialTenuringThreshold) && (InitialTenuringThreshold > MaxTenuringThreshold)) {
2935     FLAG_SET_ERGO(InitialTenuringThreshold, MaxTenuringThreshold);
2936   }
2937 
2938 #if !COMPILER2_OR_JVMCI
2939   // Don't degrade server performance for footprint
2940   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseLargePages) &&
2941       MaxHeapSize < LargePageHeapSizeThreshold) {
2942     // No need for large granularity pages w/small heaps.
2943     // Note that large pages are enabled/disabled for both the
2944     // Java heap and the code cache.
2945     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseLargePages, false);
2946   }
2947 
2948   UNSUPPORTED_OPTION(ProfileInterpreter);
2949 #endif
2950 
2951   // Parse the CompilationMode flag
2952   if (!CompilationModeFlag::initialize()) {
2953     return JNI_ERR;
2954   }
2955 
2956   if (!check_vm_args_consistency()) {
2957     return JNI_ERR;
2958   }
2959 
2960 
2961 #ifndef CAN_SHOW_REGISTERS_ON_ASSERT
2962   UNSUPPORTED_OPTION(ShowRegistersOnAssert);
2963 #endif // CAN_SHOW_REGISTERS_ON_ASSERT
2964 
2965   return JNI_OK;
2966 }
2967 
2968 // Helper class for controlling the lifetime of JavaVMInitArgs
2969 // objects.  The contents of the JavaVMInitArgs are guaranteed to be
2970 // deleted on the destruction of the ScopedVMInitArgs object.
2971 class ScopedVMInitArgs : public StackObj {
2972  private:
2973   JavaVMInitArgs _args;
2974   char*          _container_name;
2975   bool           _is_set;
2976   char*          _vm_options_file_arg;
2977 
2978  public:
2979   ScopedVMInitArgs(const char *container_name) {
2980     _args.version = JNI_VERSION_1_2;
2981     _args.nOptions = 0;
2982     _args.options = nullptr;
2983     _args.ignoreUnrecognized = false;
2984     _container_name = (char *)container_name;
2985     _is_set = false;
2986     _vm_options_file_arg = nullptr;
2987   }
2988 
2989   // Populates the JavaVMInitArgs object represented by this
2990   // ScopedVMInitArgs object with the arguments in options.  The
2991   // allocated memory is deleted by the destructor.  If this method
2992   // returns anything other than JNI_OK, then this object is in a
2993   // partially constructed state, and should be abandoned.
2994   jint set_args(const GrowableArrayView<JavaVMOption>* options) {
2995     _is_set = true;
2996     JavaVMOption* options_arr = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY_RETURN_NULL(
2997         JavaVMOption, options->length(), mtArguments);
2998     if (options_arr == nullptr) {
2999       return JNI_ENOMEM;
3000     }
3001     _args.options = options_arr;
3002 
3003     for (int i = 0; i < options->length(); i++) {
3004       options_arr[i] = options->at(i);
3005       options_arr[i].optionString = os::strdup(options_arr[i].optionString);
3006       if (options_arr[i].optionString == nullptr) {
3007         // Rely on the destructor to do cleanup.
3008         _args.nOptions = i;
3009         return JNI_ENOMEM;
3010       }
3011     }
3012 
3013     _args.nOptions = options->length();
3014     _args.ignoreUnrecognized = IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions;
3015     return JNI_OK;
3016   }
3017 
3018   JavaVMInitArgs* get()             { return &_args; }
3019   char* container_name()            { return _container_name; }
3020   bool  is_set()                    { return _is_set; }
3021   bool  found_vm_options_file_arg() { return _vm_options_file_arg != nullptr; }
3022   char* vm_options_file_arg()       { return _vm_options_file_arg; }
3023 
3024   void set_vm_options_file_arg(const char *vm_options_file_arg) {
3025     if (_vm_options_file_arg != nullptr) {
3026       os::free(_vm_options_file_arg);
3027     }
3028     _vm_options_file_arg = os::strdup_check_oom(vm_options_file_arg);
3029   }
3030 
3031   ~ScopedVMInitArgs() {
3032     if (_vm_options_file_arg != nullptr) {
3033       os::free(_vm_options_file_arg);
3034     }
3035     if (_args.options == nullptr) return;
3036     for (int i = 0; i < _args.nOptions; i++) {
3037       os::free(_args.options[i].optionString);
3038     }
3039     FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(JavaVMOption, _args.options);
3040   }
3041 
3042   // Insert options into this option list, to replace option at
3043   // vm_options_file_pos (-XX:VMOptionsFile)
3044   jint insert(const JavaVMInitArgs* args,
3045               const JavaVMInitArgs* args_to_insert,
3046               const int vm_options_file_pos) {
3047     assert(_args.options == nullptr, "shouldn't be set yet");
3048     assert(args_to_insert->nOptions != 0, "there should be args to insert");
3049     assert(vm_options_file_pos != -1, "vm_options_file_pos should be set");
3050 
3051     int length = args->nOptions + args_to_insert->nOptions - 1;
3052     // Construct new option array
3053     GrowableArrayCHeap<JavaVMOption, mtArguments> options(length);
3054     for (int i = 0; i < args->nOptions; i++) {
3055       if (i == vm_options_file_pos) {
3056         // insert the new options starting at the same place as the
3057         // -XX:VMOptionsFile option
3058         for (int j = 0; j < args_to_insert->nOptions; j++) {
3059           options.push(args_to_insert->options[j]);
3060         }
3061       } else {
3062         options.push(args->options[i]);
3063       }
3064     }
3065     // make into options array
3066     return set_args(&options);
3067   }
3068 };
3069 
3070 jint Arguments::parse_java_options_environment_variable(ScopedVMInitArgs* args) {
3071   return parse_options_environment_variable("_JAVA_OPTIONS", args);
3072 }
3073 
3074 jint Arguments::parse_java_tool_options_environment_variable(ScopedVMInitArgs* args) {
3075   return parse_options_environment_variable("JAVA_TOOL_OPTIONS", args);
3076 }
3077 
3078 jint Arguments::parse_options_environment_variable(const char* name,
3079                                                    ScopedVMInitArgs* vm_args) {
3080   char *buffer = ::getenv(name);
3081 
3082   // Don't check this environment variable if user has special privileges
3083   // (e.g. unix su command).
3084   if (buffer == nullptr || os::have_special_privileges()) {
3085     return JNI_OK;
3086   }
3087 
3088   if ((buffer = os::strdup(buffer)) == nullptr) {
3089     return JNI_ENOMEM;
3090   }
3091 
3092   jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3093               "Picked up %s: %s\n", name, buffer);
3094 
3095   int retcode = parse_options_buffer(name, buffer, strlen(buffer), vm_args);
3096 
3097   os::free(buffer);
3098   return retcode;
3099 }
3100 
3101 jint Arguments::parse_vm_options_file(const char* file_name, ScopedVMInitArgs* vm_args) {
3102   // read file into buffer
3103   int fd = ::open(file_name, O_RDONLY);
3104   if (fd < 0) {
3105     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3106                 "Could not open options file '%s'\n",
3107                 file_name);
3108     return JNI_ERR;
3109   }
3110 
3111   struct stat stbuf;
3112   int retcode = os::stat(file_name, &stbuf);
3113   if (retcode != 0) {
3114     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3115                 "Could not stat options file '%s'\n",
3116                 file_name);
3117     ::close(fd);
3118     return JNI_ERR;
3119   }
3120 
3121   if (stbuf.st_size == 0) {
3122     // tell caller there is no option data and that is ok
3123     ::close(fd);
3124     return JNI_OK;
3125   }
3126 
3127   // '+ 1' for null termination even with max bytes
3128   size_t bytes_alloc = stbuf.st_size + 1;
3129 
3130   char *buf = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY_RETURN_NULL(char, bytes_alloc, mtArguments);
3131   if (nullptr == buf) {
3132     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3133                 "Could not allocate read buffer for options file parse\n");
3134     ::close(fd);
3135     return JNI_ENOMEM;
3136   }
3137 
3138   memset(buf, 0, bytes_alloc);
3139 
3140   // Fill buffer
3141   ssize_t bytes_read = ::read(fd, (void *)buf, (unsigned)bytes_alloc);
3142   ::close(fd);
3143   if (bytes_read < 0) {
3144     FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, buf);
3145     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3146                 "Could not read options file '%s'\n", file_name);
3147     return JNI_ERR;
3148   }
3149 
3150   if (bytes_read == 0) {
3151     // tell caller there is no option data and that is ok
3152     FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, buf);
3153     return JNI_OK;
3154   }
3155 
3156   retcode = parse_options_buffer(file_name, buf, bytes_read, vm_args);
3157 
3158   FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, buf);
3159   return retcode;
3160 }
3161 
3162 jint Arguments::parse_options_buffer(const char* name, char* buffer, const size_t buf_len, ScopedVMInitArgs* vm_args) {
3163   // Construct option array
3164   GrowableArrayCHeap<JavaVMOption, mtArguments> options(2);
3165 
3166   // some pointers to help with parsing
3167   char *buffer_end = buffer + buf_len;
3168   char *opt_hd = buffer;
3169   char *wrt = buffer;
3170   char *rd = buffer;
3171 
3172   // parse all options
3173   while (rd < buffer_end) {
3174     // skip leading white space from the input string
3175     while (rd < buffer_end && isspace((unsigned char) *rd)) {
3176       rd++;
3177     }
3178 
3179     if (rd >= buffer_end) {
3180       break;
3181     }
3182 
3183     // Remember this is where we found the head of the token.
3184     opt_hd = wrt;
3185 
3186     // Tokens are strings of non white space characters separated
3187     // by one or more white spaces.
3188     while (rd < buffer_end && !isspace((unsigned char) *rd)) {
3189       if (*rd == '\'' || *rd == '"') {      // handle a quoted string
3190         int quote = *rd;                    // matching quote to look for
3191         rd++;                               // don't copy open quote
3192         while (rd < buffer_end && *rd != quote) {
3193                                             // include everything (even spaces)
3194                                             // up until the close quote
3195           *wrt++ = *rd++;                   // copy to option string
3196         }
3197 
3198         if (rd < buffer_end) {
3199           rd++;                             // don't copy close quote
3200         } else {
3201                                             // did not see closing quote
3202           jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3203                       "Unmatched quote in %s\n", name);
3204           return JNI_ERR;
3205         }
3206       } else {
3207         *wrt++ = *rd++;                     // copy to option string
3208       }
3209     }
3210 
3211     // steal a white space character and set it to null
3212     *wrt++ = '\0';
3213     // We now have a complete token
3214 
3215     JavaVMOption option;
3216     option.optionString = opt_hd;
3217     option.extraInfo = nullptr;
3218 
3219     options.append(option);                // Fill in option
3220 
3221     rd++;  // Advance to next character
3222   }
3223 
3224   // Fill out JavaVMInitArgs structure.
3225   return vm_args->set_args(&options);
3226 }
3227 
3228 #ifndef PRODUCT
3229 // Determine whether LogVMOutput should be implicitly turned on.
3230 static bool use_vm_log() {
3231   if (LogCompilation || !FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(LogFile) ||
3232       PrintCompilation || PrintInlining || PrintDependencies || PrintNativeNMethods ||
3233       PrintDebugInfo || PrintRelocations || PrintNMethods || PrintExceptionHandlers ||
3234       PrintAssembly || TraceDeoptimization ||
3235       (VerifyDependencies && FLAG_IS_CMDLINE(VerifyDependencies))) {
3236     return true;
3237   }
3238 
3239 #ifdef COMPILER1
3240   if (PrintC1Statistics) {
3241     return true;
3242   }
3243 #endif // COMPILER1
3244 
3245 #ifdef COMPILER2
3246   if (PrintOptoAssembly || PrintOptoStatistics) {
3247     return true;
3248   }
3249 #endif // COMPILER2
3250 
3251   return false;
3252 }
3253 
3254 #endif // PRODUCT
3255 
3256 bool Arguments::args_contains_vm_options_file_arg(const JavaVMInitArgs* args) {
3257   for (int index = 0; index < args->nOptions; index++) {
3258     const JavaVMOption* option = args->options + index;
3259     const char* tail;
3260     if (match_option(option, "-XX:VMOptionsFile=", &tail)) {
3261       return true;
3262     }
3263   }
3264   return false;
3265 }
3266 
3267 jint Arguments::insert_vm_options_file(const JavaVMInitArgs* args,
3268                                        const char* vm_options_file,
3269                                        const int vm_options_file_pos,
3270                                        ScopedVMInitArgs* vm_options_file_args,
3271                                        ScopedVMInitArgs* args_out) {
3272   jint code = parse_vm_options_file(vm_options_file, vm_options_file_args);
3273   if (code != JNI_OK) {
3274     return code;
3275   }
3276 
3277   if (vm_options_file_args->get()->nOptions < 1) {
3278     return JNI_OK;
3279   }
3280 
3281   if (args_contains_vm_options_file_arg(vm_options_file_args->get())) {
3282     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3283                 "A VM options file may not refer to a VM options file. "
3284                 "Specification of '-XX:VMOptionsFile=<file-name>' in the "
3285                 "options file '%s' in options container '%s' is an error.\n",
3286                 vm_options_file_args->vm_options_file_arg(),
3287                 vm_options_file_args->container_name());
3288     return JNI_EINVAL;
3289   }
3290 
3291   return args_out->insert(args, vm_options_file_args->get(),
3292                           vm_options_file_pos);
3293 }
3294 
3295 // Expand -XX:VMOptionsFile found in args_in as needed.
3296 // mod_args and args_out parameters may return values as needed.
3297 jint Arguments::expand_vm_options_as_needed(const JavaVMInitArgs* args_in,
3298                                             ScopedVMInitArgs* mod_args,
3299                                             JavaVMInitArgs** args_out) {
3300   jint code = match_special_option_and_act(args_in, mod_args);
3301   if (code != JNI_OK) {
3302     return code;
3303   }
3304 
3305   if (mod_args->is_set()) {
3306     // args_in contains -XX:VMOptionsFile and mod_args contains the
3307     // original options from args_in along with the options expanded
3308     // from the VMOptionsFile. Return a short-hand to the caller.
3309     *args_out = mod_args->get();
3310   } else {
3311     *args_out = (JavaVMInitArgs *)args_in;  // no changes so use args_in
3312   }
3313   return JNI_OK;
3314 }
3315 
3316 jint Arguments::match_special_option_and_act(const JavaVMInitArgs* args,
3317                                              ScopedVMInitArgs* args_out) {
3318   // Remaining part of option string
3319   const char* tail;
3320   ScopedVMInitArgs vm_options_file_args(args_out->container_name());
3321 
3322   for (int index = 0; index < args->nOptions; index++) {
3323     const JavaVMOption* option = args->options + index;
3324     if (match_option(option, "-XX:Flags=", &tail)) {
3325       Arguments::set_jvm_flags_file(tail);
3326       continue;
3327     }
3328     if (match_option(option, "-XX:VMOptionsFile=", &tail)) {
3329       if (vm_options_file_args.found_vm_options_file_arg()) {
3330         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3331                     "The option '%s' is already specified in the options "
3332                     "container '%s' so the specification of '%s' in the "
3333                     "same options container is an error.\n",
3334                     vm_options_file_args.vm_options_file_arg(),
3335                     vm_options_file_args.container_name(),
3336                     option->optionString);
3337         return JNI_EINVAL;
3338       }
3339       vm_options_file_args.set_vm_options_file_arg(option->optionString);
3340       // If there's a VMOptionsFile, parse that
3341       jint code = insert_vm_options_file(args, tail, index,
3342                                          &vm_options_file_args, args_out);
3343       if (code != JNI_OK) {
3344         return code;
3345       }
3346       args_out->set_vm_options_file_arg(vm_options_file_args.vm_options_file_arg());
3347       if (args_out->is_set()) {
3348         // The VMOptions file inserted some options so switch 'args'
3349         // to the new set of options, and continue processing which
3350         // preserves "last option wins" semantics.
3351         args = args_out->get();
3352         // The first option from the VMOptionsFile replaces the
3353         // current option.  So we back track to process the
3354         // replacement option.
3355         index--;
3356       }
3357       continue;
3358     }
3359     if (match_option(option, "-XX:+PrintVMOptions")) {
3360       PrintVMOptions = true;
3361       continue;
3362     }
3363     if (match_option(option, "-XX:-PrintVMOptions")) {
3364       PrintVMOptions = false;
3365       continue;
3366     }
3367     if (match_option(option, "-XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions")) {
3368       IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions = true;
3369       continue;
3370     }
3371     if (match_option(option, "-XX:-IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions")) {
3372       IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions = false;
3373       continue;
3374     }
3375     if (match_option(option, "-XX:+PrintFlagsInitial")) {
3376       JVMFlag::printFlags(tty, false);
3377       vm_exit(0);
3378     }
3379 
3380 #ifndef PRODUCT
3381     if (match_option(option, "-XX:+PrintFlagsWithComments")) {
3382       JVMFlag::printFlags(tty, true);
3383       vm_exit(0);
3384     }
3385 #endif
3386   }
3387   return JNI_OK;
3388 }
3389 
3390 static void print_options(const JavaVMInitArgs *args) {
3391   const char* tail;
3392   for (int index = 0; index < args->nOptions; index++) {
3393     const JavaVMOption *option = args->options + index;
3394     if (match_option(option, "-XX:", &tail)) {
3395       logOption(tail);
3396     }
3397   }
3398 }
3399 
3400 bool Arguments::handle_deprecated_print_gc_flags() {
3401   if (PrintGC) {
3402     log_warning(gc)("-XX:+PrintGC is deprecated. Will use -Xlog:gc instead.");
3403   }
3404   if (PrintGCDetails) {
3405     log_warning(gc)("-XX:+PrintGCDetails is deprecated. Will use -Xlog:gc* instead.");
3406   }
3407 
3408   if (_legacyGCLogging.lastFlag == 2) {
3409     // -Xloggc was used to specify a filename
3410     const char* gc_conf = PrintGCDetails ? "gc*" : "gc";
3411 
3412     LogTarget(Error, logging) target;
3413     LogStream errstream(target);
3414     return LogConfiguration::parse_log_arguments(_legacyGCLogging.file, gc_conf, nullptr, nullptr, &errstream);
3415   } else if (PrintGC || PrintGCDetails || (_legacyGCLogging.lastFlag == 1)) {
3416     LogConfiguration::configure_stdout(LogLevel::Info, !PrintGCDetails, LOG_TAGS(gc));
3417   }
3418   return true;
3419 }
3420 
3421 static void apply_debugger_ergo() {
3422 #ifdef ASSERT
3423   if (ReplayCompiles) {
3424     FLAG_SET_ERGO_IF_DEFAULT(UseDebuggerErgo, true);
3425   }
3426 
3427   if (UseDebuggerErgo) {
3428     // Turn on sub-flags
3429     FLAG_SET_ERGO_IF_DEFAULT(UseDebuggerErgo1, true);
3430     FLAG_SET_ERGO_IF_DEFAULT(UseDebuggerErgo2, true);
3431   }
3432 
3433   if (UseDebuggerErgo2) {
3434     // Debugging with limited number of CPUs
3435     FLAG_SET_ERGO_IF_DEFAULT(UseNUMA, false);
3436     FLAG_SET_ERGO_IF_DEFAULT(ConcGCThreads, 1);
3437     FLAG_SET_ERGO_IF_DEFAULT(ParallelGCThreads, 1);
3438     FLAG_SET_ERGO_IF_DEFAULT(CICompilerCount, 2);
3439   }
3440 #endif // ASSERT
3441 }
3442 
3443 // Parse entry point called from JNI_CreateJavaVM
3444 
3445 jint Arguments::parse(const JavaVMInitArgs* initial_cmd_args) {
3446   assert(verify_special_jvm_flags(false), "deprecated and obsolete flag table inconsistent");
3447   JVMFlag::check_all_flag_declarations();
3448 
3449   // If flag "-XX:Flags=flags-file" is used it will be the first option to be processed.
3450   const char* hotspotrc = ".hotspotrc";
3451   bool settings_file_specified = false;
3452   bool needs_hotspotrc_warning = false;
3453   ScopedVMInitArgs initial_vm_options_args("");
3454   ScopedVMInitArgs initial_java_tool_options_args("env_var='JAVA_TOOL_OPTIONS'");
3455   ScopedVMInitArgs initial_java_options_args("env_var='_JAVA_OPTIONS'");
3456 
3457   // Pointers to current working set of containers
3458   JavaVMInitArgs* cur_cmd_args;
3459   JavaVMInitArgs* cur_vm_options_args;
3460   JavaVMInitArgs* cur_java_options_args;
3461   JavaVMInitArgs* cur_java_tool_options_args;
3462 
3463   // Containers for modified/expanded options
3464   ScopedVMInitArgs mod_cmd_args("cmd_line_args");
3465   ScopedVMInitArgs mod_vm_options_args("vm_options_args");
3466   ScopedVMInitArgs mod_java_tool_options_args("env_var='JAVA_TOOL_OPTIONS'");
3467   ScopedVMInitArgs mod_java_options_args("env_var='_JAVA_OPTIONS'");
3468 
3469 
3470   jint code =
3471       parse_java_tool_options_environment_variable(&initial_java_tool_options_args);
3472   if (code != JNI_OK) {
3473     return code;
3474   }
3475 
3476   code = parse_java_options_environment_variable(&initial_java_options_args);
3477   if (code != JNI_OK) {
3478     return code;
3479   }
3480 
3481   // Parse the options in the /java.base/jdk/internal/vm/options resource, if present
3482   char *vmoptions = ClassLoader::lookup_vm_options();
3483   if (vmoptions != nullptr) {
3484     code = parse_options_buffer("vm options resource", vmoptions, strlen(vmoptions), &initial_vm_options_args);
3485     FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, vmoptions);
3486     if (code != JNI_OK) {
3487       return code;
3488     }
3489   }
3490 
3491   code = expand_vm_options_as_needed(initial_java_tool_options_args.get(),
3492                                      &mod_java_tool_options_args,
3493                                      &cur_java_tool_options_args);
3494   if (code != JNI_OK) {
3495     return code;
3496   }
3497 
3498   code = expand_vm_options_as_needed(initial_cmd_args,
3499                                      &mod_cmd_args,
3500                                      &cur_cmd_args);
3501   if (code != JNI_OK) {
3502     return code;
3503   }
3504 
3505   code = expand_vm_options_as_needed(initial_java_options_args.get(),
3506                                      &mod_java_options_args,
3507                                      &cur_java_options_args);
3508   if (code != JNI_OK) {
3509     return code;
3510   }
3511 
3512   code = expand_vm_options_as_needed(initial_vm_options_args.get(),
3513                                      &mod_vm_options_args,
3514                                      &cur_vm_options_args);
3515   if (code != JNI_OK) {
3516     return code;
3517   }
3518 
3519   const char* flags_file = Arguments::get_jvm_flags_file();
3520   settings_file_specified = (flags_file != nullptr);
3521 
3522   if (IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions) {
3523     cur_cmd_args->ignoreUnrecognized = true;
3524     cur_java_tool_options_args->ignoreUnrecognized = true;
3525     cur_java_options_args->ignoreUnrecognized = true;
3526   }
3527 
3528   // Parse specified settings file
3529   if (settings_file_specified) {
3530     if (!process_settings_file(flags_file, true,
3531                                cur_cmd_args->ignoreUnrecognized)) {
3532       return JNI_EINVAL;
3533     }
3534   } else {
3535 #ifdef ASSERT
3536     // Parse default .hotspotrc settings file
3537     if (!process_settings_file(".hotspotrc", false,
3538                                cur_cmd_args->ignoreUnrecognized)) {
3539       return JNI_EINVAL;
3540     }
3541 #else
3542     struct stat buf;
3543     if (os::stat(hotspotrc, &buf) == 0) {
3544       needs_hotspotrc_warning = true;
3545     }
3546 #endif
3547   }
3548 
3549   if (PrintVMOptions) {
3550     print_options(cur_java_tool_options_args);
3551     print_options(cur_cmd_args);
3552     print_options(cur_java_options_args);
3553   }
3554 
3555   // Parse JavaVMInitArgs structure passed in, as well as JAVA_TOOL_OPTIONS and _JAVA_OPTIONS
3556   jint result = parse_vm_init_args(cur_vm_options_args,
3557                                    cur_java_tool_options_args,
3558                                    cur_java_options_args,
3559                                    cur_cmd_args);
3560 
3561   if (result != JNI_OK) {
3562     return result;
3563   }
3564 
3565   // Delay warning until here so that we've had a chance to process
3566   // the -XX:-PrintWarnings flag
3567   if (needs_hotspotrc_warning) {
3568     warning("%s file is present but has been ignored.  "
3569             "Run with -XX:Flags=%s to load the file.",
3570             hotspotrc, hotspotrc);
3571   }
3572 
3573   if (needs_module_property_warning) {
3574     warning("Ignoring system property options whose names match the '-Djdk.module.*'."
3575             " names that are reserved for internal use.");
3576   }
3577 
3578 #if defined(_ALLBSD_SOURCE) || defined(AIX)  // UseLargePages is not yet supported on BSD and AIX.
3579   UNSUPPORTED_OPTION(UseLargePages);
3580 #endif
3581 
3582 #if defined(AIX)
3583   UNSUPPORTED_OPTION_NULL(AllocateHeapAt);
3584 #endif
3585 
3586 #ifndef PRODUCT
3587   if (TraceBytecodesAt != 0) {
3588     TraceBytecodes = true;
3589   }
3590 #endif // PRODUCT
3591 
3592   if (ScavengeRootsInCode == 0) {
3593     if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(ScavengeRootsInCode)) {
3594       warning("Forcing ScavengeRootsInCode non-zero");
3595     }
3596     ScavengeRootsInCode = 1;
3597   }
3598 
3599   if (!handle_deprecated_print_gc_flags()) {
3600     return JNI_EINVAL;
3601   }
3602 
3603   // Set object alignment values.
3604   set_object_alignment();
3605 
3606 #if !INCLUDE_CDS
3607   if (CDSConfig::is_dumping_static_archive() || RequireSharedSpaces) {
3608     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3609       "Shared spaces are not supported in this VM\n");
3610     return JNI_ERR;
3611   }
3612   if (DumpLoadedClassList != nullptr) {
3613     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3614       "DumpLoadedClassList is not supported in this VM\n");
3615     return JNI_ERR;
3616   }
3617   if ((CDSConfig::is_using_archive() && xshare_auto_cmd_line) ||
3618       log_is_enabled(Info, cds)) {
3619     warning("Shared spaces are not supported in this VM");
3620     UseSharedSpaces = false;
3621     LogConfiguration::configure_stdout(LogLevel::Off, true, LOG_TAGS(cds));
3622   }
3623   no_shared_spaces("CDS Disabled");
3624 #endif // INCLUDE_CDS
3625 
3626   // Verify NMT arguments
3627   const NMT_TrackingLevel lvl = NMTUtil::parse_tracking_level(NativeMemoryTracking);
3628   if (lvl == NMT_unknown) {
3629     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3630                 "Syntax error, expecting -XX:NativeMemoryTracking=[off|summary|detail]\n");
3631     return JNI_ERR;
3632   }
3633   if (PrintNMTStatistics && lvl == NMT_off) {
3634     warning("PrintNMTStatistics is disabled, because native memory tracking is not enabled");
3635     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(PrintNMTStatistics, false);
3636   }
3637 
3638   bool trace_dependencies = log_is_enabled(Debug, dependencies);
3639   if (trace_dependencies && VerifyDependencies) {
3640     warning("dependency logging results may be inflated by VerifyDependencies");
3641   }
3642 
3643   bool log_class_load_cause = log_is_enabled(Info, class, load, cause, native) ||
3644                               log_is_enabled(Info, class, load, cause);
3645   if (log_class_load_cause && LogClassLoadingCauseFor == nullptr) {
3646     warning("class load cause logging will not produce output without LogClassLoadingCauseFor");
3647   }
3648 
3649   apply_debugger_ergo();
3650 
3651   // The VMThread needs to stop now and then to execute these debug options.
3652   if ((HandshakeALot || SafepointALot) && FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(GuaranteedSafepointInterval)) {
3653     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(GuaranteedSafepointInterval, 1000);
3654   }
3655 
3656   if (log_is_enabled(Info, arguments)) {
3657     LogStream st(Log(arguments)::info());
3658     Arguments::print_on(&st);
3659   }
3660 
3661   return JNI_OK;
3662 }
3663 
3664 void Arguments::set_compact_headers_flags() {
3665 #ifdef _LP64
3666   if (UseCompactObjectHeaders && FLAG_IS_CMDLINE(UseCompressedClassPointers) && !UseCompressedClassPointers) {
3667     warning("Compact object headers require compressed class pointers. Disabling compact object headers.");
3668     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseCompactObjectHeaders, false);
3669   }
3670   if (UseCompactObjectHeaders && !UseObjectMonitorTable) {
3671     // If UseCompactObjectHeaders is on the command line, turn on UseObjectMonitorTable.
3672     if (FLAG_IS_CMDLINE(UseCompactObjectHeaders)) {
3673       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseObjectMonitorTable, true);
3674 
3675       // If UseObjectMonitorTable is on the command line, turn off UseCompactObjectHeaders.
3676     } else if (FLAG_IS_CMDLINE(UseObjectMonitorTable)) {
3677       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseCompactObjectHeaders, false);
3678       // If neither on the command line, the defaults are incompatible, but turn on UseObjectMonitorTable.
3679     } else {
3680       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseObjectMonitorTable, true);
3681     }
3682   }
3683   if (UseCompactObjectHeaders && LockingMode != LM_LIGHTWEIGHT) {
3684     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(LockingMode, LM_LIGHTWEIGHT);
3685   }
3686   if (UseCompactObjectHeaders && !UseCompressedClassPointers) {
3687     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseCompressedClassPointers, true);
3688   }
3689   if (UseCompactObjectHeaders && FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(hashCode)) {
3690     hashCode = 6;
3691   }
3692 #endif
3693 }
3694 
3695 jint Arguments::apply_ergo() {
3696   // Set flags based on ergonomics.
3697   jint result = set_ergonomics_flags();
3698   if (result != JNI_OK) return result;
3699 
3700   // Set heap size based on available physical memory
3701   set_heap_size();
3702 
3703   GCConfig::arguments()->initialize();
3704 
3705   set_compact_headers_flags();
3706 
3707   if (UseCompressedClassPointers) {
3708     CompressedKlassPointers::pre_initialize();
3709   }
3710 
3711   CDSConfig::ergo_initialize();
3712 
3713   // Initialize Metaspace flags and alignments
3714   Metaspace::ergo_initialize();
3715 
3716   if (!StringDedup::ergo_initialize()) {
3717     return JNI_EINVAL;
3718   }
3719 
3720   // Set compiler flags after GC is selected and GC specific
3721   // flags (LoopStripMiningIter) are set.
3722   CompilerConfig::ergo_initialize();
3723 
3724   // Set bytecode rewriting flags
3725   set_bytecode_flags();
3726 
3727   // Set flags if aggressive optimization flags are enabled
3728   jint code = set_aggressive_opts_flags();
3729   if (code != JNI_OK) {
3730     return code;
3731   }
3732 
3733   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseSecondarySupersTable)) {
3734     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseSecondarySupersTable, VM_Version::supports_secondary_supers_table());
3735   } else if (UseSecondarySupersTable && !VM_Version::supports_secondary_supers_table()) {
3736     warning("UseSecondarySupersTable is not supported");
3737     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseSecondarySupersTable, false);
3738   }
3739   if (!UseSecondarySupersTable) {
3740     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(StressSecondarySupers, false);
3741     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(VerifySecondarySupers, false);
3742   }
3743 
3744 #ifdef ZERO
3745   // Clear flags not supported on zero.
3746   FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(ProfileInterpreter, false);
3747 #endif // ZERO
3748 
3749   if (PrintAssembly && FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(DebugNonSafepoints)) {
3750     warning("PrintAssembly is enabled; turning on DebugNonSafepoints to gain additional output");
3751     DebugNonSafepoints = true;
3752   }
3753 
3754   if (FLAG_IS_CMDLINE(CompressedClassSpaceSize) && !UseCompressedClassPointers) {
3755     warning("Setting CompressedClassSpaceSize has no effect when compressed class pointers are not used");
3756   }
3757 
3758   // Treat the odd case where local verification is enabled but remote
3759   // verification is not as if both were enabled.
3760   if (BytecodeVerificationLocal && !BytecodeVerificationRemote) {
3761     log_info(verification)("Turning on remote verification because local verification is on");
3762     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(BytecodeVerificationRemote, true);
3763   }
3764 
3765 #ifndef PRODUCT
3766   if (!LogVMOutput && FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(LogVMOutput)) {
3767     if (use_vm_log()) {
3768       LogVMOutput = true;
3769     }
3770   }
3771 #endif // PRODUCT
3772 
3773   if (PrintCommandLineFlags) {
3774     JVMFlag::printSetFlags(tty);
3775   }
3776 
3777 #if COMPILER2_OR_JVMCI
3778   if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(EnableVectorSupport) && !EnableVectorSupport) {
3779     if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(EnableVectorReboxing) && EnableVectorReboxing) {
3780       warning("Disabling EnableVectorReboxing since EnableVectorSupport is turned off.");
3781     }
3782     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(EnableVectorReboxing, false);
3783 
3784     if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(EnableVectorAggressiveReboxing) && EnableVectorAggressiveReboxing) {
3785       if (!EnableVectorReboxing) {
3786         warning("Disabling EnableVectorAggressiveReboxing since EnableVectorReboxing is turned off.");
3787       } else {
3788         warning("Disabling EnableVectorAggressiveReboxing since EnableVectorSupport is turned off.");
3789       }
3790     }
3791     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(EnableVectorAggressiveReboxing, false);
3792   }
3793 #endif // COMPILER2_OR_JVMCI
3794 
3795 #ifdef COMPILER2
3796   if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseLoopPredicate) && !UseLoopPredicate && UseProfiledLoopPredicate) {
3797     warning("Disabling UseProfiledLoopPredicate since UseLoopPredicate is turned off.");
3798     FLAG_SET_ERGO(UseProfiledLoopPredicate, false);
3799   }
3800 #endif // COMPILER2
3801 
3802   if (log_is_enabled(Info, perf, class, link)) {
3803     if (!UsePerfData) {
3804       warning("Disabling -Xlog:perf+class+link since UsePerfData is turned off.");
3805       LogConfiguration::disable_tags(false, LOG_TAGS(perf, class, link));
3806       assert(!log_is_enabled(Info, perf, class, link), "sanity");
3807     }
3808   }
3809 
3810   if (FLAG_IS_CMDLINE(DiagnoseSyncOnValueBasedClasses)) {
3811     if (DiagnoseSyncOnValueBasedClasses == ObjectSynchronizer::LOG_WARNING && !log_is_enabled(Info, valuebasedclasses)) {
3812       LogConfiguration::configure_stdout(LogLevel::Info, true, LOG_TAGS(valuebasedclasses));
3813     }
3814   }
3815   return JNI_OK;
3816 }
3817 
3818 jint Arguments::adjust_after_os() {
3819   if (UseNUMA) {
3820     if (UseParallelGC) {
3821       if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MinHeapDeltaBytes)) {
3822          FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(MinHeapDeltaBytes, 64*M);
3823       }
3824     }
3825   }
3826   return JNI_OK;
3827 }
3828 
3829 int Arguments::PropertyList_count(SystemProperty* pl) {
3830   int count = 0;
3831   while(pl != nullptr) {
3832     count++;
3833     pl = pl->next();
3834   }
3835   return count;
3836 }
3837 
3838 // Return the number of readable properties.
3839 int Arguments::PropertyList_readable_count(SystemProperty* pl) {
3840   int count = 0;
3841   while(pl != nullptr) {
3842     if (pl->readable()) {
3843       count++;
3844     }
3845     pl = pl->next();
3846   }
3847   return count;
3848 }
3849 
3850 const char* Arguments::PropertyList_get_value(SystemProperty *pl, const char* key) {
3851   assert(key != nullptr, "just checking");
3852   SystemProperty* prop;
3853   for (prop = pl; prop != nullptr; prop = prop->next()) {
3854     if (strcmp(key, prop->key()) == 0) return prop->value();
3855   }
3856   return nullptr;
3857 }
3858 
3859 // Return the value of the requested property provided that it is a readable property.
3860 const char* Arguments::PropertyList_get_readable_value(SystemProperty *pl, const char* key) {
3861   assert(key != nullptr, "just checking");
3862   SystemProperty* prop;
3863   // Return the property value if the keys match and the property is not internal or
3864   // it's the special internal property "jdk.boot.class.path.append".
3865   for (prop = pl; prop != nullptr; prop = prop->next()) {
3866     if (strcmp(key, prop->key()) == 0) {
3867       if (!prop->internal()) {
3868         return prop->value();
3869       } else if (strcmp(key, "jdk.boot.class.path.append") == 0) {
3870         return prop->value();
3871       } else {
3872         // Property is internal and not jdk.boot.class.path.append so return null.
3873         return nullptr;
3874       }
3875     }
3876   }
3877   return nullptr;
3878 }
3879 
3880 void Arguments::PropertyList_add(SystemProperty** plist, SystemProperty *new_p) {
3881   SystemProperty* p = *plist;
3882   if (p == nullptr) {
3883     *plist = new_p;
3884   } else {
3885     while (p->next() != nullptr) {
3886       p = p->next();
3887     }
3888     p->set_next(new_p);
3889   }
3890 }
3891 
3892 void Arguments::PropertyList_add(SystemProperty** plist, const char* k, const char* v,
3893                                  bool writeable, bool internal) {
3894   if (plist == nullptr)
3895     return;
3896 
3897   SystemProperty* new_p = new SystemProperty(k, v, writeable, internal);
3898   PropertyList_add(plist, new_p);
3899 }
3900 
3901 void Arguments::PropertyList_add(SystemProperty *element) {
3902   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, element);
3903 }
3904 
3905 // This add maintains unique property key in the list.
3906 void Arguments::PropertyList_unique_add(SystemProperty** plist, const char* k, const char* v,
3907                                         PropertyAppendable append, PropertyWriteable writeable,
3908                                         PropertyInternal internal) {
3909   if (plist == nullptr)
3910     return;
3911 
3912   // If property key exists and is writeable, then update with new value.
3913   // Trying to update a non-writeable property is silently ignored.
3914   SystemProperty* prop;
3915   for (prop = *plist; prop != nullptr; prop = prop->next()) {
3916     if (strcmp(k, prop->key()) == 0) {
3917       if (append == AppendProperty) {
3918         prop->append_writeable_value(v);
3919       } else {
3920         prop->set_writeable_value(v);
3921       }
3922       return;
3923     }
3924   }
3925 
3926   PropertyList_add(plist, k, v, writeable == WriteableProperty, internal == InternalProperty);
3927 }
3928 
3929 // Copies src into buf, replacing "%%" with "%" and "%p" with pid
3930 // Returns true if all of the source pointed by src has been copied over to
3931 // the destination buffer pointed by buf. Otherwise, returns false.
3932 // Notes:
3933 // 1. If the length (buflen) of the destination buffer excluding the
3934 // null terminator character is not long enough for holding the expanded
3935 // pid characters, it also returns false instead of returning the partially
3936 // expanded one.
3937 // 2. The passed in "buflen" should be large enough to hold the null terminator.
3938 bool Arguments::copy_expand_pid(const char* src, size_t srclen,
3939                                 char* buf, size_t buflen) {
3940   const char* p = src;
3941   char* b = buf;
3942   const char* src_end = &src[srclen];
3943   char* buf_end = &buf[buflen - 1];
3944 
3945   while (p < src_end && b < buf_end) {
3946     if (*p == '%') {
3947       switch (*(++p)) {
3948       case '%':         // "%%" ==> "%"
3949         *b++ = *p++;
3950         break;
3951       case 'p':  {       //  "%p" ==> current process id
3952         // buf_end points to the character before the last character so
3953         // that we could write '\0' to the end of the buffer.
3954         size_t buf_sz = buf_end - b + 1;
3955         int ret = jio_snprintf(b, buf_sz, "%d", os::current_process_id());
3956 
3957         // if jio_snprintf fails or the buffer is not long enough to hold
3958         // the expanded pid, returns false.
3959         if (ret < 0 || ret >= (int)buf_sz) {
3960           return false;
3961         } else {
3962           b += ret;
3963           assert(*b == '\0', "fail in copy_expand_pid");
3964           if (p == src_end && b == buf_end + 1) {
3965             // reach the end of the buffer.
3966             return true;
3967           }
3968         }
3969         p++;
3970         break;
3971       }
3972       default :
3973         *b++ = '%';
3974       }
3975     } else {
3976       *b++ = *p++;
3977     }
3978   }
3979   *b = '\0';
3980   return (p == src_end); // return false if not all of the source was copied
3981 }