1 /*
2 * Copyright (c) 1997, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
3 * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
4 *
5 * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
6 * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
7 * published by the Free Software Foundation.
8 *
9 * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
10 * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
11 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License
12 * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
13 * accompanied this code).
14 *
15 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
16 * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
17 * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
18 *
19 * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
20 * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
21 * questions.
22 *
23 */
24
25 #include "cds/aotMetaspace.hpp"
26 #include "cds/archiveHeapLoader.hpp"
27 #include "cds/cdsConfig.hpp"
28 #include "cds/dynamicArchive.hpp"
29 #include "cds/heapShared.hpp"
30 #include "classfile/classLoader.hpp"
31 #include "classfile/classLoaderDataGraph.hpp"
32 #include "classfile/classLoaderDataShared.hpp"
33 #include "classfile/javaClasses.hpp"
34 #include "classfile/stringTable.hpp"
35 #include "classfile/symbolTable.hpp"
36 #include "classfile/systemDictionary.hpp"
37 #include "classfile/vmClasses.hpp"
38 #include "classfile/vmSymbols.hpp"
39 #include "code/codeBehaviours.hpp"
40 #include "code/codeCache.hpp"
41 #include "compiler/oopMap.hpp"
42 #include "gc/shared/collectedHeap.inline.hpp"
43 #include "gc/shared/gcArguments.hpp"
44 #include "gc/shared/gcConfig.hpp"
45 #include "gc/shared/gcLogPrecious.hpp"
46 #include "gc/shared/gcTraceTime.inline.hpp"
47 #include "gc/shared/oopStorageSet.hpp"
48 #include "gc/shared/plab.hpp"
49 #include "gc/shared/stringdedup/stringDedup.hpp"
50 #include "gc/shared/tlab_globals.hpp"
51 #include "logging/log.hpp"
52 #include "logging/logStream.hpp"
53 #include "memory/memoryReserver.hpp"
54 #include "memory/metadataFactory.hpp"
55 #include "memory/metaspaceClosure.hpp"
56 #include "memory/metaspaceCounters.hpp"
57 #include "memory/metaspaceUtils.hpp"
58 #include "memory/oopFactory.hpp"
59 #include "memory/resourceArea.hpp"
60 #include "memory/universe.hpp"
61 #include "oops/compressedOops.hpp"
62 #include "oops/instanceKlass.hpp"
63 #include "oops/instanceMirrorKlass.hpp"
64 #include "oops/jmethodIDTable.hpp"
65 #include "oops/klass.inline.hpp"
66 #include "oops/objArrayOop.inline.hpp"
67 #include "oops/objLayout.hpp"
68 #include "oops/oop.inline.hpp"
69 #include "oops/oopHandle.inline.hpp"
70 #include "oops/typeArrayKlass.hpp"
71 #include "prims/resolvedMethodTable.hpp"
72 #include "runtime/arguments.hpp"
73 #include "runtime/atomic.hpp"
74 #include "runtime/cpuTimeCounters.hpp"
75 #include "runtime/flags/jvmFlagLimit.hpp"
76 #include "runtime/handles.inline.hpp"
77 #include "runtime/init.hpp"
78 #include "runtime/java.hpp"
79 #include "runtime/javaThread.hpp"
80 #include "runtime/jniHandles.hpp"
81 #include "runtime/threads.hpp"
82 #include "runtime/timerTrace.hpp"
83 #include "sanitizers/leak.hpp"
84 #include "services/cpuTimeUsage.hpp"
85 #include "services/memoryService.hpp"
86 #include "utilities/align.hpp"
87 #include "utilities/autoRestore.hpp"
88 #include "utilities/debug.hpp"
89 #include "utilities/formatBuffer.hpp"
90 #include "utilities/globalDefinitions.hpp"
91 #include "utilities/macros.hpp"
92 #include "utilities/ostream.hpp"
93 #include "utilities/preserveException.hpp"
94
95 // A helper class for caching a Method* when the user of the cache
96 // only cares about the latest version of the Method*. This cache safely
97 // interacts with the RedefineClasses API.
98 class LatestMethodCache {
99 // We save the InstanceKlass* and the idnum of Method* in order to get
100 // the current Method*.
101 InstanceKlass* _klass;
102 int _method_idnum;
103
104 public:
105 LatestMethodCache() { _klass = nullptr; _method_idnum = -1; }
106
107 void init(JavaThread* current, InstanceKlass* ik, const char* method,
108 Symbol* signature, bool is_static);
109 Method* get_method();
110 };
111
112 static LatestMethodCache _finalizer_register_cache; // Finalizer.register()
113 static LatestMethodCache _loader_addClass_cache; // ClassLoader.addClass()
114 static LatestMethodCache _throw_illegal_access_error_cache; // Unsafe.throwIllegalAccessError()
115 static LatestMethodCache _throw_no_such_method_error_cache; // Unsafe.throwNoSuchMethodError()
116 static LatestMethodCache _do_stack_walk_cache; // AbstractStackWalker.doStackWalk()
117
118 // Known objects
119 TypeArrayKlass* Universe::_typeArrayKlasses[T_LONG+1] = { nullptr /*, nullptr...*/ };
120 ObjArrayKlass* Universe::_objectArrayKlass = nullptr;
121 Klass* Universe::_fillerArrayKlass = nullptr;
122 OopHandle Universe::_basic_type_mirrors[T_VOID+1];
123 #if INCLUDE_CDS_JAVA_HEAP
124 int Universe::_archived_basic_type_mirror_indices[T_VOID+1];
125 #endif
126
127 OopHandle Universe::_main_thread_group;
128 OopHandle Universe::_system_thread_group;
129 OopHandle Universe::_the_empty_class_array;
130 OopHandle Universe::_the_null_string;
131 OopHandle Universe::_the_min_jint_string;
132
133 OopHandle Universe::_the_null_sentinel;
134
135 // _out_of_memory_errors is an objArray
136 enum OutOfMemoryInstance { _oom_java_heap,
137 _oom_c_heap,
138 _oom_metaspace,
139 _oom_class_metaspace,
140 _oom_array_size,
141 _oom_gc_overhead_limit,
142 _oom_realloc_objects,
143 _oom_count };
144
145 OopHandle Universe::_out_of_memory_errors;
146 OopHandle Universe:: _class_init_stack_overflow_error;
147 OopHandle Universe::_delayed_stack_overflow_error_message;
148 OopHandle Universe::_preallocated_out_of_memory_error_array;
149 volatile jint Universe::_preallocated_out_of_memory_error_avail_count = 0;
150
151 // Message details for OOME objects, preallocate these objects since they could be
152 // used when throwing OOME, we should try to avoid further allocation in such case
153 OopHandle Universe::_msg_metaspace;
154 OopHandle Universe::_msg_class_metaspace;
155
156 OopHandle Universe::_reference_pending_list;
157
158 Array<Klass*>* Universe::_the_array_interfaces_array = nullptr;
159
160 long Universe::verify_flags = Universe::Verify_All;
161
162 Array<int>* Universe::_the_empty_int_array = nullptr;
163 Array<u2>* Universe::_the_empty_short_array = nullptr;
164 Array<Klass*>* Universe::_the_empty_klass_array = nullptr;
165 Array<InstanceKlass*>* Universe::_the_empty_instance_klass_array = nullptr;
166 Array<Method*>* Universe::_the_empty_method_array = nullptr;
167
168 uintx Universe::_the_array_interfaces_bitmap = 0;
169 uintx Universe::_the_empty_klass_bitmap = 0;
170
171 // These variables are guarded by FullGCALot_lock.
172 DEBUG_ONLY(OopHandle Universe::_fullgc_alot_dummy_array;)
173 DEBUG_ONLY(int Universe::_fullgc_alot_dummy_next = 0;)
174
175 // Heap
176 int Universe::_verify_count = 0;
177
178 // Oop verification (see MacroAssembler::verify_oop)
179 uintptr_t Universe::_verify_oop_mask = 0;
180 uintptr_t Universe::_verify_oop_bits = (uintptr_t) -1;
181
182 int Universe::_base_vtable_size = 0;
183 bool Universe::_bootstrapping = false;
184 bool Universe::_module_initialized = false;
185 bool Universe::_fully_initialized = false;
186
187 OopStorage* Universe::_vm_weak = nullptr;
188 OopStorage* Universe::_vm_global = nullptr;
189
190 CollectedHeap* Universe::_collectedHeap = nullptr;
191
192 // These are the exceptions that are always created and are guatanteed to exist.
193 // If possible, they can be stored as CDS archived objects to speed up AOT code.
194 class BuiltinException {
195 OopHandle _instance;
196 CDS_JAVA_HEAP_ONLY(int _archived_root_index;)
197
198 public:
199 BuiltinException() : _instance() {
200 CDS_JAVA_HEAP_ONLY(_archived_root_index = 0);
201 }
202
203 void init_if_empty(Symbol* symbol, TRAPS) {
204 if (_instance.is_empty()) {
205 Klass* k = SystemDictionary::resolve_or_fail(symbol, true, CHECK);
206 oop obj = InstanceKlass::cast(k)->allocate_instance(CHECK);
207 _instance = OopHandle(Universe::vm_global(), obj);
208 }
209 }
210
211 oop instance() {
212 return _instance.resolve();
213 }
214
215 #if INCLUDE_CDS_JAVA_HEAP
216 void store_in_cds() {
217 _archived_root_index = HeapShared::archive_exception_instance(instance());
218 }
219
220 void load_from_cds() {
221 if (_archived_root_index >= 0) {
222 oop obj = HeapShared::get_root(_archived_root_index);
223 assert(obj != nullptr, "must be");
224 _instance = OopHandle(Universe::vm_global(), obj);
225 }
226 }
227
228 void serialize(SerializeClosure *f) {
229 f->do_int(&_archived_root_index);
230 }
231 #endif
232 };
233
234 static BuiltinException _null_ptr_exception;
235 static BuiltinException _arithmetic_exception;
236 static BuiltinException _internal_error;
237 static BuiltinException _array_index_out_of_bounds_exception;
238 static BuiltinException _array_store_exception;
239 static BuiltinException _class_cast_exception;
240
241 objArrayOop Universe::the_empty_class_array () {
242 return (objArrayOop)_the_empty_class_array.resolve();
243 }
244
245 oop Universe::main_thread_group() { return _main_thread_group.resolve(); }
246 void Universe::set_main_thread_group(oop group) { _main_thread_group = OopHandle(vm_global(), group); }
247
248 oop Universe::system_thread_group() { return _system_thread_group.resolve(); }
249 void Universe::set_system_thread_group(oop group) { _system_thread_group = OopHandle(vm_global(), group); }
250
251 oop Universe::the_null_string() { return _the_null_string.resolve(); }
252 oop Universe::the_min_jint_string() { return _the_min_jint_string.resolve(); }
253
254 oop Universe::null_ptr_exception_instance() { return _null_ptr_exception.instance(); }
255 oop Universe::arithmetic_exception_instance() { return _arithmetic_exception.instance(); }
256 oop Universe::internal_error_instance() { return _internal_error.instance(); }
257 oop Universe::array_index_out_of_bounds_exception_instance() { return _array_index_out_of_bounds_exception.instance(); }
258 oop Universe::array_store_exception_instance() { return _array_store_exception.instance(); }
259 oop Universe::class_cast_exception_instance() { return _class_cast_exception.instance(); }
260
261 oop Universe::the_null_sentinel() { return _the_null_sentinel.resolve(); }
262
263 oop Universe::int_mirror() { return check_mirror(_basic_type_mirrors[T_INT].resolve()); }
264 oop Universe::float_mirror() { return check_mirror(_basic_type_mirrors[T_FLOAT].resolve()); }
265 oop Universe::double_mirror() { return check_mirror(_basic_type_mirrors[T_DOUBLE].resolve()); }
266 oop Universe::byte_mirror() { return check_mirror(_basic_type_mirrors[T_BYTE].resolve()); }
267 oop Universe::bool_mirror() { return check_mirror(_basic_type_mirrors[T_BOOLEAN].resolve()); }
268 oop Universe::char_mirror() { return check_mirror(_basic_type_mirrors[T_CHAR].resolve()); }
269 oop Universe::long_mirror() { return check_mirror(_basic_type_mirrors[T_LONG].resolve()); }
270 oop Universe::short_mirror() { return check_mirror(_basic_type_mirrors[T_SHORT].resolve()); }
271 oop Universe::void_mirror() { return check_mirror(_basic_type_mirrors[T_VOID].resolve()); }
272
273 oop Universe::java_mirror(BasicType t) {
274 assert((uint)t < T_VOID+1, "range check");
275 assert(!is_reference_type(t), "sanity");
276 return check_mirror(_basic_type_mirrors[t].resolve());
277 }
278
279 void Universe::basic_type_classes_do(KlassClosure *closure) {
280 for (int i = T_BOOLEAN; i < T_LONG+1; i++) {
281 closure->do_klass(_typeArrayKlasses[i]);
282 }
283 // We don't do the following because it will confuse JVMTI.
284 // _fillerArrayKlass is used only by GC, which doesn't need to see
285 // this klass from basic_type_classes_do().
286 //
287 // closure->do_klass(_fillerArrayKlass);
288 }
289
290 void Universe::metaspace_pointers_do(MetaspaceClosure* it) {
291 it->push(&_fillerArrayKlass);
292 for (int i = 0; i < T_LONG+1; i++) {
293 it->push(&_typeArrayKlasses[i]);
294 }
295 it->push(&_objectArrayKlass);
296
297 it->push(&_the_empty_int_array);
298 it->push(&_the_empty_short_array);
299 it->push(&_the_empty_klass_array);
300 it->push(&_the_empty_instance_klass_array);
301 it->push(&_the_empty_method_array);
302 it->push(&_the_array_interfaces_array);
303 }
304
305 #if INCLUDE_CDS_JAVA_HEAP
306 void Universe::set_archived_basic_type_mirror_index(BasicType t, int index) {
307 assert(CDSConfig::is_dumping_heap(), "sanity");
308 assert(!is_reference_type(t), "sanity");
309 _archived_basic_type_mirror_indices[t] = index;
310 }
311
312 void Universe::archive_exception_instances() {
313 _null_ptr_exception.store_in_cds();
314 _arithmetic_exception.store_in_cds();
315 _internal_error.store_in_cds();
316 _array_index_out_of_bounds_exception.store_in_cds();
317 _array_store_exception.store_in_cds();
318 _class_cast_exception.store_in_cds();
319 }
320
321 void Universe::load_archived_object_instances() {
322 if (ArchiveHeapLoader::is_in_use()) {
323 for (int i = T_BOOLEAN; i < T_VOID+1; i++) {
324 int index = _archived_basic_type_mirror_indices[i];
325 if (!is_reference_type((BasicType)i) && index >= 0) {
326 oop mirror_oop = HeapShared::get_root(index);
327 assert(mirror_oop != nullptr, "must be");
328 _basic_type_mirrors[i] = OopHandle(vm_global(), mirror_oop);
329 }
330 }
331
332 _null_ptr_exception.load_from_cds();
333 _arithmetic_exception.load_from_cds();
334 _internal_error.load_from_cds();
335 _array_index_out_of_bounds_exception.load_from_cds();
336 _array_store_exception.load_from_cds();
337 _class_cast_exception.load_from_cds();
338 }
339 }
340 #endif
341
342 void Universe::serialize(SerializeClosure* f) {
343
344 #if INCLUDE_CDS_JAVA_HEAP
345 for (int i = T_BOOLEAN; i < T_VOID+1; i++) {
346 f->do_int(&_archived_basic_type_mirror_indices[i]);
347 // if f->reading(): We can't call HeapShared::get_root() yet, as the heap
348 // contents may need to be relocated. _basic_type_mirrors[i] will be
349 // updated later in Universe::load_archived_object_instances().
350 }
351 _null_ptr_exception.serialize(f);
352 _arithmetic_exception.serialize(f);
353 _internal_error.serialize(f);
354 _array_index_out_of_bounds_exception.serialize(f);
355 _array_store_exception.serialize(f);
356 _class_cast_exception.serialize(f);
357 #endif
358
359 f->do_ptr(&_fillerArrayKlass);
360 for (int i = 0; i < T_LONG+1; i++) {
361 f->do_ptr(&_typeArrayKlasses[i]);
362 }
363
364 f->do_ptr(&_objectArrayKlass);
365 f->do_ptr(&_the_array_interfaces_array);
366 f->do_ptr(&_the_empty_int_array);
367 f->do_ptr(&_the_empty_short_array);
368 f->do_ptr(&_the_empty_method_array);
369 f->do_ptr(&_the_empty_klass_array);
370 f->do_ptr(&_the_empty_instance_klass_array);
371 }
372
373
374 void Universe::check_alignment(uintx size, uintx alignment, const char* name) {
375 if (size < alignment || size % alignment != 0) {
376 vm_exit_during_initialization(
377 err_msg("Size of %s (%zu bytes) must be aligned to %zu bytes", name, size, alignment));
378 }
379 }
380
381 static void initialize_basic_type_klass(Klass* k, TRAPS) {
382 Klass* ok = vmClasses::Object_klass();
383 #if INCLUDE_CDS
384 if (CDSConfig::is_using_archive()) {
385 ClassLoaderData* loader_data = ClassLoaderData::the_null_class_loader_data();
386 assert(k->super() == ok, "u3");
387 if (k->is_instance_klass()) {
388 InstanceKlass::cast(k)->restore_unshareable_info(loader_data, Handle(), nullptr, CHECK);
389 } else {
390 ArrayKlass::cast(k)->restore_unshareable_info(loader_data, Handle(), CHECK);
391 }
392 } else
393 #endif
394 {
395 k->initialize_supers(ok, nullptr, CHECK);
396 }
397 k->append_to_sibling_list();
398 }
399
400 void Universe::genesis(TRAPS) {
401 ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
402 HandleMark hm(THREAD);
403
404 // Explicit null checks are needed if these offsets are not smaller than the page size
405 if (UseCompactObjectHeaders) {
406 assert(oopDesc::mark_offset_in_bytes() < static_cast<intptr_t>(os::vm_page_size()),
407 "Mark offset is expected to be less than the page size");
408 } else {
409 assert(oopDesc::klass_offset_in_bytes() < static_cast<intptr_t>(os::vm_page_size()),
410 "Klass offset is expected to be less than the page size");
411 }
412 assert(arrayOopDesc::length_offset_in_bytes() < static_cast<intptr_t>(os::vm_page_size()),
413 "Array length offset is expected to be less than the page size");
414
415 { AutoModifyRestore<bool> temporarily(_bootstrapping, true);
416
417 java_lang_Class::allocate_fixup_lists();
418
419 // determine base vtable size; without that we cannot create the array klasses
420 compute_base_vtable_size();
421
422 if (!CDSConfig::is_using_archive()) {
423 // Initialization of the fillerArrayKlass must come before regular
424 // int-TypeArrayKlass so that the int-Array mirror points to the
425 // int-TypeArrayKlass.
426 _fillerArrayKlass = TypeArrayKlass::create_klass(T_INT, "[Ljdk/internal/vm/FillerElement;", CHECK);
427 for (int i = T_BOOLEAN; i < T_LONG+1; i++) {
428 _typeArrayKlasses[i] = TypeArrayKlass::create_klass((BasicType)i, CHECK);
429 }
430
431 ClassLoaderData* null_cld = ClassLoaderData::the_null_class_loader_data();
432
433 _the_array_interfaces_array = MetadataFactory::new_array<Klass*>(null_cld, 2, nullptr, CHECK);
434 _the_empty_int_array = MetadataFactory::new_array<int>(null_cld, 0, CHECK);
435 _the_empty_short_array = MetadataFactory::new_array<u2>(null_cld, 0, CHECK);
436 _the_empty_method_array = MetadataFactory::new_array<Method*>(null_cld, 0, CHECK);
437 _the_empty_klass_array = MetadataFactory::new_array<Klass*>(null_cld, 0, CHECK);
438 _the_empty_instance_klass_array = MetadataFactory::new_array<InstanceKlass*>(null_cld, 0, CHECK);
439 }
440
441 vmSymbols::initialize();
442
443 // Initialize table for matching jmethodID, before SystemDictionary.
444 JmethodIDTable::initialize();
445
446 SystemDictionary::initialize(CHECK);
447
448 // Create string constants
449 oop s = StringTable::intern("null", CHECK);
450 _the_null_string = OopHandle(vm_global(), s);
451 s = StringTable::intern("-2147483648", CHECK);
452 _the_min_jint_string = OopHandle(vm_global(), s);
453
454 #if INCLUDE_CDS
455 if (CDSConfig::is_using_archive()) {
456 // Verify shared interfaces array.
457 assert(_the_array_interfaces_array->at(0) ==
458 vmClasses::Cloneable_klass(), "u3");
459 assert(_the_array_interfaces_array->at(1) ==
460 vmClasses::Serializable_klass(), "u3");
461 } else
462 #endif
463 {
464 // Set up shared interfaces array. (Do this before supers are set up.)
465 _the_array_interfaces_array->at_put(0, vmClasses::Cloneable_klass());
466 _the_array_interfaces_array->at_put(1, vmClasses::Serializable_klass());
467 }
468
469 _the_array_interfaces_bitmap = Klass::compute_secondary_supers_bitmap(_the_array_interfaces_array);
470 _the_empty_klass_bitmap = Klass::compute_secondary_supers_bitmap(_the_empty_klass_array);
471
472 initialize_basic_type_klass(_fillerArrayKlass, CHECK);
473
474 initialize_basic_type_klass(boolArrayKlass(), CHECK);
475 initialize_basic_type_klass(charArrayKlass(), CHECK);
476 initialize_basic_type_klass(floatArrayKlass(), CHECK);
477 initialize_basic_type_klass(doubleArrayKlass(), CHECK);
478 initialize_basic_type_klass(byteArrayKlass(), CHECK);
479 initialize_basic_type_klass(shortArrayKlass(), CHECK);
480 initialize_basic_type_klass(intArrayKlass(), CHECK);
481 initialize_basic_type_klass(longArrayKlass(), CHECK);
482
483 assert(_fillerArrayKlass != intArrayKlass(),
484 "Internal filler array klass should be different to int array Klass");
485 } // end of core bootstrapping
486
487 {
488 Handle tns = java_lang_String::create_from_str("<null_sentinel>", CHECK);
489 _the_null_sentinel = OopHandle(vm_global(), tns());
490 }
491
492 // Create a handle for reference_pending_list
493 _reference_pending_list = OopHandle(vm_global(), nullptr);
494
495 // Maybe this could be lifted up now that object array can be initialized
496 // during the bootstrapping.
497
498 // OLD
499 // Initialize _objectArrayKlass after core bootstraping to make
500 // sure the super class is set up properly for _objectArrayKlass.
501 // ---
502 // NEW
503 // Since some of the old system object arrays have been converted to
504 // ordinary object arrays, _objectArrayKlass will be loaded when
505 // SystemDictionary::initialize(CHECK); is run. See the extra check
506 // for Object_klass_loaded in objArrayKlassKlass::allocate_objArray_klass_impl.
507 {
508 Klass* oak = vmClasses::Object_klass()->array_klass(CHECK);
509 _objectArrayKlass = ObjArrayKlass::cast(oak);
510 }
511 // OLD
512 // Add the class to the class hierarchy manually to make sure that
513 // its vtable is initialized after core bootstrapping is completed.
514 // ---
515 // New
516 // Have already been initialized.
517 _objectArrayKlass->append_to_sibling_list();
518
519 #ifdef ASSERT
520 if (FullGCALot) {
521 // Allocate an array of dummy objects.
522 // We'd like these to be at the bottom of the old generation,
523 // so that when we free one and then collect,
524 // (almost) the whole heap moves
525 // and we find out if we actually update all the oops correctly.
526 // But we can't allocate directly in the old generation,
527 // so we allocate wherever, and hope that the first collection
528 // moves these objects to the bottom of the old generation.
529 int size = FullGCALotDummies * 2;
530
531 objArrayOop naked_array = oopFactory::new_objArray(vmClasses::Object_klass(), size, CHECK);
532 objArrayHandle dummy_array(THREAD, naked_array);
533 int i = 0;
534 while (i < size) {
535 // Allocate dummy in old generation
536 oop dummy = vmClasses::Object_klass()->allocate_instance(CHECK);
537 dummy_array->obj_at_put(i++, dummy);
538 }
539 {
540 // Only modify the global variable inside the mutex.
541 // If we had a race to here, the other dummy_array instances
542 // and their elements just get dropped on the floor, which is fine.
543 MutexLocker ml(THREAD, FullGCALot_lock);
544 if (_fullgc_alot_dummy_array.is_empty()) {
545 _fullgc_alot_dummy_array = OopHandle(vm_global(), dummy_array());
546 }
547 }
548 assert(i == ((objArrayOop)_fullgc_alot_dummy_array.resolve())->length(), "just checking");
549 }
550 #endif
551 }
552
553 void Universe::initialize_basic_type_mirrors(TRAPS) {
554 #if INCLUDE_CDS_JAVA_HEAP
555 if (CDSConfig::is_using_archive() &&
556 ArchiveHeapLoader::is_in_use() &&
557 _basic_type_mirrors[T_INT].resolve() != nullptr) {
558 assert(ArchiveHeapLoader::can_use(), "Sanity");
559
560 // check that all basic type mirrors are mapped also
561 for (int i = T_BOOLEAN; i < T_VOID+1; i++) {
562 if (!is_reference_type((BasicType)i)) {
563 oop m = _basic_type_mirrors[i].resolve();
564 assert(m != nullptr, "archived mirrors should not be null");
565 }
566 }
567 } else
568 // _basic_type_mirrors[T_INT], etc, are null if archived heap is not mapped.
569 #endif
570 {
571 for (int i = T_BOOLEAN; i < T_VOID+1; i++) {
572 BasicType bt = (BasicType)i;
573 if (!is_reference_type(bt)) {
574 oop m = java_lang_Class::create_basic_type_mirror(type2name(bt), bt, CHECK);
575 _basic_type_mirrors[i] = OopHandle(vm_global(), m);
576 }
577 CDS_JAVA_HEAP_ONLY(_archived_basic_type_mirror_indices[i] = -1);
578 }
579 }
580 if (CDSConfig::is_dumping_heap()) {
581 HeapShared::init_scratch_objects_for_basic_type_mirrors(CHECK);
582 }
583 }
584
585 void Universe::fixup_mirrors(TRAPS) {
586 // Bootstrap problem: all classes gets a mirror (java.lang.Class instance) assigned eagerly,
587 // but we cannot do that for classes created before java.lang.Class is loaded. Here we simply
588 // walk over permanent objects created so far (mostly classes) and fixup their mirrors. Note
589 // that the number of objects allocated at this point is very small.
590 assert(vmClasses::Class_klass_loaded(), "java.lang.Class should be loaded");
591 HandleMark hm(THREAD);
592
593 if (!CDSConfig::is_using_archive()) {
594 // Cache the start of the static fields
595 InstanceMirrorKlass::init_offset_of_static_fields();
596 }
597
598 GrowableArray <Klass*>* list = java_lang_Class::fixup_mirror_list();
599 int list_length = list->length();
600 for (int i = 0; i < list_length; i++) {
601 Klass* k = list->at(i);
602 assert(k->is_klass(), "List should only hold classes");
603 java_lang_Class::fixup_mirror(k, CATCH);
604 }
605 delete java_lang_Class::fixup_mirror_list();
606 java_lang_Class::set_fixup_mirror_list(nullptr);
607 }
608
609 #define assert_pll_locked(test) \
610 assert(Heap_lock->test(), "Reference pending list access requires lock")
611
612 #define assert_pll_ownership() assert_pll_locked(owned_by_self)
613
614 oop Universe::reference_pending_list() {
615 if (Thread::current()->is_VM_thread()) {
616 assert_pll_locked(is_locked);
617 } else {
618 assert_pll_ownership();
619 }
620 return _reference_pending_list.resolve();
621 }
622
623 void Universe::clear_reference_pending_list() {
624 assert_pll_ownership();
625 _reference_pending_list.replace(nullptr);
626 }
627
628 bool Universe::has_reference_pending_list() {
629 assert_pll_ownership();
630 return _reference_pending_list.peek() != nullptr;
631 }
632
633 oop Universe::swap_reference_pending_list(oop list) {
634 assert_pll_locked(is_locked);
635 return _reference_pending_list.xchg(list);
636 }
637
638 #undef assert_pll_locked
639 #undef assert_pll_ownership
640
641 static void reinitialize_vtables() {
642 // The vtables are initialized by starting at java.lang.Object and
643 // initializing through the subclass links, so that the super
644 // classes are always initialized first.
645 for (ClassHierarchyIterator iter(vmClasses::Object_klass()); !iter.done(); iter.next()) {
646 Klass* sub = iter.klass();
647 sub->vtable().initialize_vtable();
648 }
649 }
650
651 static void reinitialize_itables() {
652
653 class ReinitTableClosure : public KlassClosure {
654 public:
655 void do_klass(Klass* k) {
656 if (k->is_instance_klass()) {
657 InstanceKlass::cast(k)->itable().initialize_itable();
658 }
659 }
660 };
661
662 MutexLocker mcld(ClassLoaderDataGraph_lock);
663 ReinitTableClosure cl;
664 ClassLoaderDataGraph::classes_do(&cl);
665 }
666
667 bool Universe::on_page_boundary(void* addr) {
668 return is_aligned(addr, os::vm_page_size());
669 }
670
671 // the array of preallocated errors with backtraces
672 objArrayOop Universe::preallocated_out_of_memory_errors() {
673 return (objArrayOop)_preallocated_out_of_memory_error_array.resolve();
674 }
675
676 objArrayOop Universe::out_of_memory_errors() { return (objArrayOop)_out_of_memory_errors.resolve(); }
677
678 oop Universe::out_of_memory_error_java_heap() {
679 return gen_out_of_memory_error(out_of_memory_errors()->obj_at(_oom_java_heap));
680 }
681
682 oop Universe::out_of_memory_error_java_heap_without_backtrace() {
683 return out_of_memory_errors()->obj_at(_oom_java_heap);
684 }
685
686 oop Universe::out_of_memory_error_c_heap() {
687 return gen_out_of_memory_error(out_of_memory_errors()->obj_at(_oom_c_heap));
688 }
689
690 oop Universe::out_of_memory_error_metaspace() {
691 return gen_out_of_memory_error(out_of_memory_errors()->obj_at(_oom_metaspace));
692 }
693
694 oop Universe::out_of_memory_error_class_metaspace() {
695 return gen_out_of_memory_error(out_of_memory_errors()->obj_at(_oom_class_metaspace));
696 }
697
698 oop Universe::out_of_memory_error_array_size() {
699 return gen_out_of_memory_error(out_of_memory_errors()->obj_at(_oom_array_size));
700 }
701
702 oop Universe::out_of_memory_error_gc_overhead_limit() {
703 return gen_out_of_memory_error(out_of_memory_errors()->obj_at(_oom_gc_overhead_limit));
704 }
705
706 oop Universe::out_of_memory_error_realloc_objects() {
707 return gen_out_of_memory_error(out_of_memory_errors()->obj_at(_oom_realloc_objects));
708 }
709
710 oop Universe::class_init_out_of_memory_error() { return out_of_memory_errors()->obj_at(_oom_java_heap); }
711 oop Universe::class_init_stack_overflow_error() { return _class_init_stack_overflow_error.resolve(); }
712 oop Universe::delayed_stack_overflow_error_message() { return _delayed_stack_overflow_error_message.resolve(); }
713
714
715 bool Universe::should_fill_in_stack_trace(Handle throwable) {
716 // never attempt to fill in the stack trace of preallocated errors that do not have
717 // backtrace. These errors are kept alive forever and may be "re-used" when all
718 // preallocated errors with backtrace have been consumed. Also need to avoid
719 // a potential loop which could happen if an out of memory occurs when attempting
720 // to allocate the backtrace.
721 objArrayOop preallocated_oom = out_of_memory_errors();
722 for (int i = 0; i < _oom_count; i++) {
723 if (throwable() == preallocated_oom->obj_at(i)) {
724 return false;
725 }
726 }
727 return true;
728 }
729
730
731 oop Universe::gen_out_of_memory_error(oop default_err) {
732 // generate an out of memory error:
733 // - if there is a preallocated error and stack traces are available
734 // (j.l.Throwable is initialized), then return the preallocated
735 // error with a filled in stack trace, and with the message
736 // provided by the default error.
737 // - otherwise, return the default error, without a stack trace.
738 int next;
739 if ((_preallocated_out_of_memory_error_avail_count > 0) &&
740 vmClasses::Throwable_klass()->is_initialized()) {
741 next = (int)Atomic::add(&_preallocated_out_of_memory_error_avail_count, -1);
742 assert(next < (int)PreallocatedOutOfMemoryErrorCount, "avail count is corrupt");
743 } else {
744 next = -1;
745 }
746 if (next < 0) {
747 // all preallocated errors have been used.
748 // return default
749 return default_err;
750 } else {
751 JavaThread* current = JavaThread::current();
752 Handle default_err_h(current, default_err);
753 // get the error object at the slot and set set it to null so that the
754 // array isn't keeping it alive anymore.
755 Handle exc(current, preallocated_out_of_memory_errors()->obj_at(next));
756 assert(exc() != nullptr, "slot has been used already");
757 preallocated_out_of_memory_errors()->obj_at_put(next, nullptr);
758
759 // use the message from the default error
760 oop msg = java_lang_Throwable::message(default_err_h());
761 assert(msg != nullptr, "no message");
762 java_lang_Throwable::set_message(exc(), msg);
763
764 // populate the stack trace and return it.
765 java_lang_Throwable::fill_in_stack_trace_of_preallocated_backtrace(exc);
766 return exc();
767 }
768 }
769
770 bool Universe::is_out_of_memory_error_metaspace(oop ex_obj) {
771 return java_lang_Throwable::message(ex_obj) == _msg_metaspace.resolve();
772 }
773
774 bool Universe::is_out_of_memory_error_class_metaspace(oop ex_obj) {
775 return java_lang_Throwable::message(ex_obj) == _msg_class_metaspace.resolve();
776 }
777
778 // Setup preallocated OutOfMemoryError errors
779 void Universe::create_preallocated_out_of_memory_errors(TRAPS) {
780 InstanceKlass* ik = vmClasses::OutOfMemoryError_klass();
781 objArrayOop oa = oopFactory::new_objArray(ik, _oom_count, CHECK);
782 objArrayHandle oom_array(THREAD, oa);
783
784 for (int i = 0; i < _oom_count; i++) {
785 oop oom_obj = ik->allocate_instance(CHECK);
786 oom_array->obj_at_put(i, oom_obj);
787 }
788 _out_of_memory_errors = OopHandle(vm_global(), oom_array());
789
790 Handle msg = java_lang_String::create_from_str("Java heap space", CHECK);
791 java_lang_Throwable::set_message(oom_array->obj_at(_oom_java_heap), msg());
792
793 msg = java_lang_String::create_from_str("C heap space", CHECK);
794 java_lang_Throwable::set_message(oom_array->obj_at(_oom_c_heap), msg());
795
796 msg = java_lang_String::create_from_str("Metaspace", CHECK);
797 _msg_metaspace = OopHandle(vm_global(), msg());
798 java_lang_Throwable::set_message(oom_array->obj_at(_oom_metaspace), msg());
799
800 msg = java_lang_String::create_from_str("Compressed class space", CHECK);
801 _msg_class_metaspace = OopHandle(vm_global(), msg());
802 java_lang_Throwable::set_message(oom_array->obj_at(_oom_class_metaspace), msg());
803
804 msg = java_lang_String::create_from_str("Requested array size exceeds VM limit", CHECK);
805 java_lang_Throwable::set_message(oom_array->obj_at(_oom_array_size), msg());
806
807 msg = java_lang_String::create_from_str("GC overhead limit exceeded", CHECK);
808 java_lang_Throwable::set_message(oom_array->obj_at(_oom_gc_overhead_limit), msg());
809
810 msg = java_lang_String::create_from_str("Java heap space: failed reallocation of scalar replaced objects", CHECK);
811 java_lang_Throwable::set_message(oom_array->obj_at(_oom_realloc_objects), msg());
812
813 // Setup the array of errors that have preallocated backtrace
814 int len = (StackTraceInThrowable) ? (int)PreallocatedOutOfMemoryErrorCount : 0;
815 objArrayOop instance = oopFactory::new_objArray(ik, len, CHECK);
816 _preallocated_out_of_memory_error_array = OopHandle(vm_global(), instance);
817 objArrayHandle preallocated_oom_array(THREAD, instance);
818
819 for (int i=0; i<len; i++) {
820 oop err = ik->allocate_instance(CHECK);
821 Handle err_h(THREAD, err);
822 java_lang_Throwable::allocate_backtrace(err_h, CHECK);
823 preallocated_oom_array->obj_at_put(i, err_h());
824 }
825 _preallocated_out_of_memory_error_avail_count = (jint)len;
826 }
827
828 intptr_t Universe::_non_oop_bits = 0;
829
830 void* Universe::non_oop_word() {
831 // Neither the high bits nor the low bits of this value is allowed
832 // to look like (respectively) the high or low bits of a real oop.
833 //
834 // High and low are CPU-specific notions, but low always includes
835 // the low-order bit. Since oops are always aligned at least mod 4,
836 // setting the low-order bit will ensure that the low half of the
837 // word will never look like that of a real oop.
838 //
839 // Using the OS-supplied non-memory-address word (usually 0 or -1)
840 // will take care of the high bits, however many there are.
841
842 if (_non_oop_bits == 0) {
843 _non_oop_bits = (intptr_t)os::non_memory_address_word() | 1;
844 }
845
846 return (void*)_non_oop_bits;
847 }
848
849 bool Universe::contains_non_oop_word(void* p) {
850 return *(void**)p == non_oop_word();
851 }
852
853 static void initialize_global_behaviours() {
854 DefaultICProtectionBehaviour* protection_behavior = new DefaultICProtectionBehaviour();
855 // Ignore leak of DefaultICProtectionBehaviour. It is overriden by some GC implementations and the
856 // pointer is leaked once.
857 LSAN_IGNORE_OBJECT(protection_behavior);
858 CompiledICProtectionBehaviour::set_current(protection_behavior);
859 }
860
861 jint universe_init() {
862 assert(!Universe::_fully_initialized, "called after initialize_vtables");
863 guarantee(1 << LogHeapWordSize == sizeof(HeapWord),
864 "LogHeapWordSize is incorrect.");
865 guarantee(sizeof(oop) >= sizeof(HeapWord), "HeapWord larger than oop?");
866 guarantee(sizeof(oop) % sizeof(HeapWord) == 0,
867 "oop size is not not a multiple of HeapWord size");
868
869 TraceTime timer("Genesis", TRACETIME_LOG(Info, startuptime));
870
871 initialize_global_behaviours();
872
873 GCLogPrecious::initialize();
874
875 // Initialize CPUTimeCounters object, which must be done before creation of the heap.
876 CPUTimeCounters::initialize();
877
878 ObjLayout::initialize();
879
880 #ifdef _LP64
881 AOTMetaspace::adjust_heap_sizes_for_dumping();
882 #endif // _LP64
883
884 GCConfig::arguments()->initialize_heap_sizes();
885
886 jint status = Universe::initialize_heap();
887 if (status != JNI_OK) {
888 return status;
889 }
890
891 Universe::initialize_tlab();
892
893 Metaspace::global_initialize();
894
895 // Initialize performance counters for metaspaces
896 MetaspaceCounters::initialize_performance_counters();
897
898 // Checks 'AfterMemoryInit' constraints.
899 if (!JVMFlagLimit::check_all_constraints(JVMFlagConstraintPhase::AfterMemoryInit)) {
900 return JNI_EINVAL;
901 }
902
903 #if INCLUDE_CDS
904 if (CDSConfig::is_using_archive()) {
905 // Read the data structures supporting the shared spaces (shared
906 // system dictionary, symbol table, etc.)
907 AOTMetaspace::initialize_shared_spaces();
908 }
909 #endif
910
911 ClassLoaderData::init_null_class_loader_data();
912
913 #if INCLUDE_CDS
914 #if INCLUDE_CDS_JAVA_HEAP
915 if (CDSConfig::is_using_full_module_graph()) {
916 ClassLoaderDataShared::restore_archived_entries_for_null_class_loader_data();
917 }
918 #endif // INCLUDE_CDS_JAVA_HEAP
919 if (CDSConfig::is_dumping_archive()) {
920 CDSConfig::prepare_for_dumping();
921 }
922 #endif
923
924 SymbolTable::create_table();
925 StringTable::create_table();
926
927 if (strlen(VerifySubSet) > 0) {
928 Universe::initialize_verify_flags();
929 }
930
931 ResolvedMethodTable::create_table();
932
933 return JNI_OK;
934 }
935
936 jint Universe::initialize_heap() {
937 assert(_collectedHeap == nullptr, "Heap already created");
938 _collectedHeap = GCConfig::arguments()->create_heap();
939
940 log_info(gc)("Using %s", _collectedHeap->name());
941 return _collectedHeap->initialize();
942 }
943
944 void Universe::initialize_tlab() {
945 ThreadLocalAllocBuffer::set_max_size(Universe::heap()->max_tlab_size());
946 PLAB::startup_initialization();
947 if (UseTLAB) {
948 ThreadLocalAllocBuffer::startup_initialization();
949 }
950 }
951
952 ReservedHeapSpace Universe::reserve_heap(size_t heap_size, size_t alignment) {
953
954 assert(alignment <= Arguments::conservative_max_heap_alignment(),
955 "actual alignment %zu must be within maximum heap alignment %zu",
956 alignment, Arguments::conservative_max_heap_alignment());
957 assert(is_aligned(heap_size, alignment), "precondition");
958
959 size_t total_reserved = heap_size;
960 assert(!UseCompressedOops || (total_reserved <= (OopEncodingHeapMax - os::vm_page_size())),
961 "heap size is too big for compressed oops");
962
963 size_t page_size = os::vm_page_size();
964 if (UseLargePages && is_aligned(alignment, os::large_page_size())) {
965 page_size = os::large_page_size();
966 } else {
967 // Parallel is the only collector that might opt out of using large pages
968 // for the heap.
969 assert(!UseLargePages || UseParallelGC , "Wrong alignment to use large pages");
970 }
971
972 // Now create the space.
973 ReservedHeapSpace rhs = HeapReserver::reserve(total_reserved, alignment, page_size, AllocateHeapAt);
974
975 if (!rhs.is_reserved()) {
976 vm_exit_during_initialization(
977 err_msg("Could not reserve enough space for %zu KB object heap",
978 total_reserved/K));
979 }
980
981 assert(total_reserved == rhs.size(), "must be exactly of required size");
982 assert(is_aligned(rhs.base(),alignment),"must be exactly of required alignment");
983
984 assert(markWord::encode_pointer_as_mark(rhs.base()).decode_pointer() == rhs.base(),
985 "area must be distinguishable from marks for mark-sweep");
986 assert(markWord::encode_pointer_as_mark(&rhs.base()[rhs.size()]).decode_pointer() ==
987 &rhs.base()[rhs.size()],
988 "area must be distinguishable from marks for mark-sweep");
989
990 // We are good.
991
992 if (AllocateHeapAt != nullptr) {
993 log_info(gc,heap)("Successfully allocated Java heap at location %s", AllocateHeapAt);
994 }
995
996 if (UseCompressedOops) {
997 CompressedOops::initialize(rhs);
998 }
999
1000 Universe::calculate_verify_data((HeapWord*)rhs.base(), (HeapWord*)rhs.end());
1001
1002 return rhs;
1003 }
1004
1005 OopStorage* Universe::vm_weak() {
1006 return Universe::_vm_weak;
1007 }
1008
1009 OopStorage* Universe::vm_global() {
1010 return Universe::_vm_global;
1011 }
1012
1013 void Universe::oopstorage_init() {
1014 Universe::_vm_global = OopStorageSet::create_strong("VM Global", mtInternal);
1015 Universe::_vm_weak = OopStorageSet::create_weak("VM Weak", mtInternal);
1016 }
1017
1018 void universe_oopstorage_init() {
1019 Universe::oopstorage_init();
1020 }
1021
1022 void LatestMethodCache::init(JavaThread* current, InstanceKlass* ik,
1023 const char* method, Symbol* signature, bool is_static)
1024 {
1025 TempNewSymbol name = SymbolTable::new_symbol(method);
1026 Method* m = nullptr;
1027 // The klass must be linked before looking up the method.
1028 if (!ik->link_class_or_fail(current) ||
1029 ((m = ik->find_method(name, signature)) == nullptr) ||
1030 is_static != m->is_static()) {
1031 ResourceMark rm(current);
1032 // NoSuchMethodException doesn't actually work because it tries to run the
1033 // <init> function before java_lang_Class is linked. Print error and exit.
1034 vm_exit_during_initialization(err_msg("Unable to link/verify %s.%s method",
1035 ik->name()->as_C_string(), method));
1036 }
1037
1038 _klass = ik;
1039 _method_idnum = m->method_idnum();
1040 assert(_method_idnum >= 0, "sanity check");
1041 }
1042
1043 Method* LatestMethodCache::get_method() {
1044 if (_klass == nullptr) {
1045 return nullptr;
1046 } else {
1047 Method* m = _klass->method_with_idnum(_method_idnum);
1048 assert(m != nullptr, "sanity check");
1049 return m;
1050 }
1051 }
1052
1053 Method* Universe::finalizer_register_method() { return _finalizer_register_cache.get_method(); }
1054 Method* Universe::loader_addClass_method() { return _loader_addClass_cache.get_method(); }
1055 Method* Universe::throw_illegal_access_error() { return _throw_illegal_access_error_cache.get_method(); }
1056 Method* Universe::throw_no_such_method_error() { return _throw_no_such_method_error_cache.get_method(); }
1057 Method* Universe::do_stack_walk_method() { return _do_stack_walk_cache.get_method(); }
1058
1059 void Universe::initialize_known_methods(JavaThread* current) {
1060 // Set up static method for registering finalizers
1061 _finalizer_register_cache.init(current,
1062 vmClasses::Finalizer_klass(),
1063 "register",
1064 vmSymbols::object_void_signature(), true);
1065
1066 _throw_illegal_access_error_cache.init(current,
1067 vmClasses::internal_Unsafe_klass(),
1068 "throwIllegalAccessError",
1069 vmSymbols::void_method_signature(), true);
1070
1071 _throw_no_such_method_error_cache.init(current,
1072 vmClasses::internal_Unsafe_klass(),
1073 "throwNoSuchMethodError",
1074 vmSymbols::void_method_signature(), true);
1075
1076 // Set up method for registering loaded classes in class loader vector
1077 _loader_addClass_cache.init(current,
1078 vmClasses::ClassLoader_klass(),
1079 "addClass",
1080 vmSymbols::class_void_signature(), false);
1081
1082 // Set up method for stack walking
1083 _do_stack_walk_cache.init(current,
1084 vmClasses::AbstractStackWalker_klass(),
1085 "doStackWalk",
1086 vmSymbols::doStackWalk_signature(), false);
1087 }
1088
1089 void universe2_init() {
1090 EXCEPTION_MARK;
1091 Universe::genesis(CATCH);
1092 }
1093
1094 // Set after initialization of the module runtime, call_initModuleRuntime
1095 void universe_post_module_init() {
1096 Universe::_module_initialized = true;
1097 }
1098
1099 bool universe_post_init() {
1100 assert(!is_init_completed(), "Error: initialization not yet completed!");
1101 Universe::_fully_initialized = true;
1102 EXCEPTION_MARK;
1103 if (!CDSConfig::is_using_archive()) {
1104 reinitialize_vtables();
1105 reinitialize_itables();
1106 }
1107
1108 HandleMark hm(THREAD);
1109 // Setup preallocated empty java.lang.Class array for Method reflection.
1110
1111 objArrayOop the_empty_class_array = oopFactory::new_objArray(vmClasses::Class_klass(), 0, CHECK_false);
1112 Universe::_the_empty_class_array = OopHandle(Universe::vm_global(), the_empty_class_array);
1113
1114 // Setup preallocated OutOfMemoryError errors
1115 Universe::create_preallocated_out_of_memory_errors(CHECK_false);
1116
1117 oop instance;
1118 // Setup preallocated cause message for delayed StackOverflowError
1119 if (StackReservedPages > 0) {
1120 instance = java_lang_String::create_oop_from_str("Delayed StackOverflowError due to ReservedStackAccess annotated method", CHECK_false);
1121 Universe::_delayed_stack_overflow_error_message = OopHandle(Universe::vm_global(), instance);
1122 }
1123
1124 // Setup preallocated exceptions used for a cheap & dirty solution in compiler exception handling
1125 _null_ptr_exception.init_if_empty(vmSymbols::java_lang_NullPointerException(), CHECK_false);
1126 _arithmetic_exception.init_if_empty(vmSymbols::java_lang_ArithmeticException(), CHECK_false);
1127 _array_index_out_of_bounds_exception.init_if_empty(vmSymbols::java_lang_ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException(), CHECK_false);
1128 _array_store_exception.init_if_empty(vmSymbols::java_lang_ArrayStoreException(), CHECK_false);
1129 _class_cast_exception.init_if_empty(vmSymbols::java_lang_ClassCastException(), CHECK_false);
1130
1131 // Virtual Machine Error for when we get into a situation we can't resolve
1132 Klass* k = vmClasses::InternalError_klass();
1133 bool linked = InstanceKlass::cast(k)->link_class_or_fail(CHECK_false);
1134 if (!linked) {
1135 tty->print_cr("Unable to link/verify InternalError class");
1136 return false; // initialization failed
1137 }
1138 _internal_error.init_if_empty(vmSymbols::java_lang_InternalError(), CHECK_false);
1139
1140 Handle msg = java_lang_String::create_from_str("/ by zero", CHECK_false);
1141 java_lang_Throwable::set_message(Universe::arithmetic_exception_instance(), msg());
1142
1143 // Setup preallocated StackOverflowError for use with class initialization failure
1144 k = SystemDictionary::resolve_or_fail(vmSymbols::java_lang_StackOverflowError(), true, CHECK_false);
1145 instance = InstanceKlass::cast(k)->allocate_instance(CHECK_false);
1146 Universe::_class_init_stack_overflow_error = OopHandle(Universe::vm_global(), instance);
1147
1148 Universe::initialize_known_methods(THREAD);
1149
1150 // This needs to be done before the first scavenge/gc, since
1151 // it's an input to soft ref clearing policy.
1152 {
1153 MutexLocker x(THREAD, Heap_lock);
1154 Universe::heap()->update_capacity_and_used_at_gc();
1155 }
1156
1157 // ("weak") refs processing infrastructure initialization
1158 Universe::heap()->post_initialize();
1159
1160 MemoryService::add_metaspace_memory_pools();
1161
1162 MemoryService::set_universe_heap(Universe::heap());
1163 #if INCLUDE_CDS
1164 AOTMetaspace::post_initialize(CHECK_false);
1165 #endif
1166 return true;
1167 }
1168
1169
1170 void Universe::compute_base_vtable_size() {
1171 _base_vtable_size = ClassLoader::compute_Object_vtable();
1172 }
1173
1174 void Universe::print_on(outputStream* st) {
1175 GCMutexLocker hl(Heap_lock); // Heap_lock might be locked by caller thread.
1176 st->print_cr("Heap");
1177
1178 StreamIndentor si(st, 1);
1179 heap()->print_heap_on(st);
1180 MetaspaceUtils::print_on(st);
1181 }
1182
1183 void Universe::print_heap_at_SIGBREAK() {
1184 if (PrintHeapAtSIGBREAK) {
1185 print_on(tty);
1186 tty->cr();
1187 tty->flush();
1188 }
1189 }
1190
1191 void Universe::initialize_verify_flags() {
1192 verify_flags = 0;
1193 const char delimiter[] = " ,";
1194
1195 size_t length = strlen(VerifySubSet);
1196 char* subset_list = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, length + 1, mtInternal);
1197 strncpy(subset_list, VerifySubSet, length + 1);
1198 char* save_ptr;
1199
1200 char* token = strtok_r(subset_list, delimiter, &save_ptr);
1201 while (token != nullptr) {
1202 if (strcmp(token, "threads") == 0) {
1203 verify_flags |= Verify_Threads;
1204 } else if (strcmp(token, "heap") == 0) {
1205 verify_flags |= Verify_Heap;
1206 } else if (strcmp(token, "symbol_table") == 0) {
1207 verify_flags |= Verify_SymbolTable;
1208 } else if (strcmp(token, "string_table") == 0) {
1209 verify_flags |= Verify_StringTable;
1210 } else if (strcmp(token, "codecache") == 0) {
1211 verify_flags |= Verify_CodeCache;
1212 } else if (strcmp(token, "dictionary") == 0) {
1213 verify_flags |= Verify_SystemDictionary;
1214 } else if (strcmp(token, "classloader_data_graph") == 0) {
1215 verify_flags |= Verify_ClassLoaderDataGraph;
1216 } else if (strcmp(token, "metaspace") == 0) {
1217 verify_flags |= Verify_MetaspaceUtils;
1218 } else if (strcmp(token, "jni_handles") == 0) {
1219 verify_flags |= Verify_JNIHandles;
1220 } else if (strcmp(token, "codecache_oops") == 0) {
1221 verify_flags |= Verify_CodeCacheOops;
1222 } else if (strcmp(token, "resolved_method_table") == 0) {
1223 verify_flags |= Verify_ResolvedMethodTable;
1224 } else if (strcmp(token, "stringdedup") == 0) {
1225 verify_flags |= Verify_StringDedup;
1226 } else {
1227 vm_exit_during_initialization(err_msg("VerifySubSet: \'%s\' memory sub-system is unknown, please correct it", token));
1228 }
1229 token = strtok_r(nullptr, delimiter, &save_ptr);
1230 }
1231 FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, subset_list);
1232 }
1233
1234 bool Universe::should_verify_subset(uint subset) {
1235 if (verify_flags & subset) {
1236 return true;
1237 }
1238 return false;
1239 }
1240
1241 void Universe::verify(VerifyOption option, const char* prefix) {
1242 COMPILER2_PRESENT(
1243 assert(!DerivedPointerTable::is_active(),
1244 "DPT should not be active during verification "
1245 "(of thread stacks below)");
1246 )
1247
1248 Thread* thread = Thread::current();
1249 ResourceMark rm(thread);
1250 HandleMark hm(thread); // Handles created during verification can be zapped
1251 _verify_count++;
1252
1253 FormatBuffer<> title("Verifying %s", prefix);
1254 GCTraceTime(Info, gc, verify) tm(title.buffer());
1255 if (should_verify_subset(Verify_Threads)) {
1256 log_debug(gc, verify)("Threads");
1257 Threads::verify();
1258 }
1259 if (should_verify_subset(Verify_Heap)) {
1260 log_debug(gc, verify)("Heap");
1261 heap()->verify(option);
1262 }
1263 if (should_verify_subset(Verify_SymbolTable)) {
1264 log_debug(gc, verify)("SymbolTable");
1265 SymbolTable::verify();
1266 }
1267 if (should_verify_subset(Verify_StringTable)) {
1268 log_debug(gc, verify)("StringTable");
1269 StringTable::verify();
1270 }
1271 if (should_verify_subset(Verify_CodeCache)) {
1272 log_debug(gc, verify)("CodeCache");
1273 CodeCache::verify();
1274 }
1275 if (should_verify_subset(Verify_SystemDictionary)) {
1276 log_debug(gc, verify)("SystemDictionary");
1277 SystemDictionary::verify();
1278 }
1279 if (should_verify_subset(Verify_ClassLoaderDataGraph)) {
1280 log_debug(gc, verify)("ClassLoaderDataGraph");
1281 ClassLoaderDataGraph::verify();
1282 }
1283 if (should_verify_subset(Verify_MetaspaceUtils)) {
1284 log_debug(gc, verify)("MetaspaceUtils");
1285 DEBUG_ONLY(MetaspaceUtils::verify();)
1286 }
1287 if (should_verify_subset(Verify_JNIHandles)) {
1288 log_debug(gc, verify)("JNIHandles");
1289 JNIHandles::verify();
1290 }
1291 if (should_verify_subset(Verify_CodeCacheOops)) {
1292 log_debug(gc, verify)("CodeCache Oops");
1293 CodeCache::verify_oops();
1294 }
1295 if (should_verify_subset(Verify_ResolvedMethodTable)) {
1296 log_debug(gc, verify)("ResolvedMethodTable Oops");
1297 ResolvedMethodTable::verify();
1298 }
1299 if (should_verify_subset(Verify_StringDedup)) {
1300 log_debug(gc, verify)("String Deduplication");
1301 StringDedup::verify();
1302 }
1303 }
1304
1305 static void log_cpu_time() {
1306 LogTarget(Info, cpu) cpuLog;
1307 if (!cpuLog.is_enabled()) {
1308 return;
1309 }
1310
1311 const double process_cpu_time = os::elapsed_process_cpu_time();
1312 if (process_cpu_time == 0 || process_cpu_time == -1) {
1313 // 0 can happen e.g. for short running processes with
1314 // low CPU utilization
1315 return;
1316 }
1317
1318 const double gc_threads_cpu_time = (double) CPUTimeUsage::GC::gc_threads() / NANOSECS_PER_SEC;
1319 const double gc_vm_thread_cpu_time = (double) CPUTimeUsage::GC::vm_thread() / NANOSECS_PER_SEC;
1320 const double gc_string_dedup_cpu_time = (double) CPUTimeUsage::GC::stringdedup() / NANOSECS_PER_SEC;
1321 const double gc_cpu_time = (double) gc_threads_cpu_time + gc_vm_thread_cpu_time + gc_string_dedup_cpu_time;
1322
1323 const double elasped_time = os::elapsedTime();
1324 const bool has_error = CPUTimeUsage::Error::has_error();
1325
1326 if (gc_cpu_time < process_cpu_time) {
1327 cpuLog.print("=== CPU time Statistics =============================================================");
1328 if (has_error) {
1329 cpuLog.print("WARNING: CPU time sampling reported errors, numbers may be unreliable");
1330 }
1331 cpuLog.print(" CPUs");
1332 cpuLog.print(" s %% utilized");
1333 cpuLog.print(" Process");
1334 cpuLog.print(" Total %30.4f %6.2f %8.1f", process_cpu_time, 100.0, process_cpu_time / elasped_time);
1335 cpuLog.print(" Garbage Collection %30.4f %6.2f %8.1f", gc_cpu_time, percent_of(gc_cpu_time, process_cpu_time), gc_cpu_time / elasped_time);
1336 cpuLog.print(" GC Threads %30.4f %6.2f %8.1f", gc_threads_cpu_time, percent_of(gc_threads_cpu_time, process_cpu_time), gc_threads_cpu_time / elasped_time);
1337 cpuLog.print(" VM Thread %30.4f %6.2f %8.1f", gc_vm_thread_cpu_time, percent_of(gc_vm_thread_cpu_time, process_cpu_time), gc_vm_thread_cpu_time / elasped_time);
1338
1339 if (UseStringDeduplication) {
1340 cpuLog.print(" String Deduplication %30.4f %6.2f %8.1f", gc_string_dedup_cpu_time, percent_of(gc_string_dedup_cpu_time, process_cpu_time), gc_string_dedup_cpu_time / elasped_time);
1341 }
1342 cpuLog.print("=====================================================================================");
1343 }
1344 }
1345
1346 void Universe::before_exit() {
1347 log_cpu_time();
1348 heap()->before_exit();
1349
1350 // Print GC/heap related information.
1351 Log(gc, exit) log;
1352 if (log.is_info()) {
1353 LogStream ls_info(log.info());
1354 Universe::print_on(&ls_info);
1355 if (log.is_trace()) {
1356 LogStream ls_trace(log.trace());
1357 MutexLocker mcld(ClassLoaderDataGraph_lock);
1358 ClassLoaderDataGraph::print_on(&ls_trace);
1359 }
1360 }
1361 }
1362
1363 #ifndef PRODUCT
1364 void Universe::calculate_verify_data(HeapWord* low_boundary, HeapWord* high_boundary) {
1365 assert(low_boundary < high_boundary, "bad interval");
1366
1367 // decide which low-order bits we require to be clear:
1368 size_t alignSize = MinObjAlignmentInBytes;
1369 size_t min_object_size = CollectedHeap::min_fill_size();
1370
1371 // make an inclusive limit:
1372 uintptr_t max = (uintptr_t)high_boundary - min_object_size*wordSize;
1373 uintptr_t min = (uintptr_t)low_boundary;
1374 assert(min < max, "bad interval");
1375 uintptr_t diff = max ^ min;
1376
1377 // throw away enough low-order bits to make the diff vanish
1378 uintptr_t mask = (uintptr_t)(-1);
1379 while ((mask & diff) != 0)
1380 mask <<= 1;
1381 uintptr_t bits = (min & mask);
1382 assert(bits == (max & mask), "correct mask");
1383 // check an intermediate value between min and max, just to make sure:
1384 assert(bits == ((min + (max-min)/2) & mask), "correct mask");
1385
1386 // require address alignment, too:
1387 mask |= (alignSize - 1);
1388
1389 if (!(_verify_oop_mask == 0 && _verify_oop_bits == (uintptr_t)-1)) {
1390 assert(_verify_oop_mask == mask && _verify_oop_bits == bits, "mask stability");
1391 }
1392 _verify_oop_mask = mask;
1393 _verify_oop_bits = bits;
1394 }
1395
1396 void Universe::set_verify_data(uintptr_t mask, uintptr_t bits) {
1397 _verify_oop_mask = mask;
1398 _verify_oop_bits = bits;
1399 }
1400
1401 // Oop verification (see MacroAssembler::verify_oop)
1402
1403 uintptr_t Universe::verify_oop_mask() {
1404 return _verify_oop_mask;
1405 }
1406
1407 uintptr_t Universe::verify_oop_bits() {
1408 return _verify_oop_bits;
1409 }
1410
1411 uintptr_t Universe::verify_mark_mask() {
1412 return markWord::lock_mask_in_place;
1413 }
1414
1415 uintptr_t Universe::verify_mark_bits() {
1416 intptr_t mask = verify_mark_mask();
1417 intptr_t bits = (intptr_t)markWord::prototype().value();
1418 assert((bits & ~mask) == 0, "no stray header bits");
1419 return bits;
1420 }
1421 #endif // PRODUCT
1422
1423 #ifdef ASSERT
1424 // Release dummy object(s) at bottom of heap
1425 bool Universe::release_fullgc_alot_dummy() {
1426 MutexLocker ml(FullGCALot_lock);
1427 objArrayOop fullgc_alot_dummy_array = (objArrayOop)_fullgc_alot_dummy_array.resolve();
1428 if (fullgc_alot_dummy_array != nullptr) {
1429 if (_fullgc_alot_dummy_next >= fullgc_alot_dummy_array->length()) {
1430 // No more dummies to release, release entire array instead
1431 _fullgc_alot_dummy_array.release(Universe::vm_global());
1432 _fullgc_alot_dummy_array = OopHandle(); // null out OopStorage pointer.
1433 return false;
1434 }
1435
1436 // Release dummy at bottom of old generation
1437 fullgc_alot_dummy_array->obj_at_put(_fullgc_alot_dummy_next++, nullptr);
1438 }
1439 return true;
1440 }
1441
1442 bool Universe::is_stw_gc_active() {
1443 return heap()->is_stw_gc_active();
1444 }
1445
1446 bool Universe::is_in_heap(const void* p) {
1447 return heap()->is_in(p);
1448 }
1449
1450 #endif // ASSERT