1 /*
2 * Copyright (c) 1997, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
3 * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
4 *
5 * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
6 * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
7 * published by the Free Software Foundation.
8 *
9 * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
10 * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
11 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License
12 * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
13 * accompanied this code).
14 *
15 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
16 * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
17 * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
18 *
19 * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
20 * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
21 * questions.
22 *
23 */
24
25 #include "cds/aotMetaspace.hpp"
26 #include "cds/archiveHeapLoader.hpp"
27 #include "cds/cdsConfig.hpp"
28 #include "cds/dynamicArchive.hpp"
29 #include "cds/heapShared.hpp"
30 #include "classfile/classLoader.hpp"
31 #include "classfile/classLoaderDataGraph.hpp"
32 #include "classfile/classLoaderDataShared.hpp"
33 #include "classfile/javaClasses.hpp"
34 #include "classfile/stringTable.hpp"
35 #include "classfile/symbolTable.hpp"
36 #include "classfile/systemDictionary.hpp"
37 #include "classfile/vmClasses.hpp"
38 #include "classfile/vmSymbols.hpp"
39 #include "code/codeBehaviours.hpp"
40 #include "code/codeCache.hpp"
41 #include "compiler/oopMap.hpp"
42 #include "gc/shared/collectedHeap.inline.hpp"
43 #include "gc/shared/gcArguments.hpp"
44 #include "gc/shared/gcConfig.hpp"
45 #include "gc/shared/gcLogPrecious.hpp"
46 #include "gc/shared/gcTraceTime.inline.hpp"
47 #include "gc/shared/oopStorageSet.hpp"
48 #include "gc/shared/plab.hpp"
49 #include "gc/shared/stringdedup/stringDedup.hpp"
50 #include "gc/shared/tlab_globals.hpp"
51 #include "logging/log.hpp"
52 #include "logging/logStream.hpp"
53 #include "memory/memoryReserver.hpp"
54 #include "memory/metadataFactory.hpp"
55 #include "memory/metaspaceClosure.hpp"
56 #include "memory/metaspaceCounters.hpp"
57 #include "memory/metaspaceUtils.hpp"
58 #include "memory/oopFactory.hpp"
59 #include "memory/resourceArea.hpp"
60 #include "memory/universe.hpp"
61 #include "oops/compressedOops.hpp"
62 #include "oops/instanceKlass.hpp"
63 #include "oops/instanceMirrorKlass.hpp"
64 #include "oops/jmethodIDTable.hpp"
65 #include "oops/klass.inline.hpp"
66 #include "oops/objArrayOop.inline.hpp"
67 #include "oops/objLayout.hpp"
68 #include "oops/oop.inline.hpp"
69 #include "oops/oopHandle.inline.hpp"
70 #include "oops/typeArrayKlass.hpp"
71 #include "prims/resolvedMethodTable.hpp"
72 #include "runtime/arguments.hpp"
73 #include "runtime/atomic.hpp"
74 #include "runtime/cpuTimeCounters.hpp"
75 #include "runtime/flags/jvmFlagLimit.hpp"
76 #include "runtime/handles.inline.hpp"
77 #include "runtime/init.hpp"
78 #include "runtime/java.hpp"
79 #include "runtime/javaThread.hpp"
80 #include "runtime/jniHandles.hpp"
81 #include "runtime/threads.hpp"
82 #include "runtime/timerTrace.hpp"
83 #include "sanitizers/leak.hpp"
84 #include "services/cpuTimeUsage.hpp"
85 #include "services/memoryService.hpp"
86 #include "utilities/align.hpp"
87 #include "utilities/autoRestore.hpp"
88 #include "utilities/debug.hpp"
89 #include "utilities/formatBuffer.hpp"
90 #include "utilities/globalDefinitions.hpp"
91 #include "utilities/macros.hpp"
92 #include "utilities/ostream.hpp"
93 #include "utilities/preserveException.hpp"
94
95 // A helper class for caching a Method* when the user of the cache
96 // only cares about the latest version of the Method*. This cache safely
97 // interacts with the RedefineClasses API.
98 class LatestMethodCache {
99 // We save the InstanceKlass* and the idnum of Method* in order to get
100 // the current Method*.
101 InstanceKlass* _klass;
102 int _method_idnum;
103
104 public:
105 LatestMethodCache() { _klass = nullptr; _method_idnum = -1; }
106
107 void init(JavaThread* current, InstanceKlass* ik, const char* method,
108 Symbol* signature, bool is_static);
109 Method* get_method();
110 };
111
112 static LatestMethodCache _finalizer_register_cache; // Finalizer.register()
113 static LatestMethodCache _loader_addClass_cache; // ClassLoader.addClass()
114 static LatestMethodCache _throw_illegal_access_error_cache; // Unsafe.throwIllegalAccessError()
115 static LatestMethodCache _throw_no_such_method_error_cache; // Unsafe.throwNoSuchMethodError()
116 static LatestMethodCache _do_stack_walk_cache; // AbstractStackWalker.doStackWalk()
117
118 // Known objects
119 TypeArrayKlass* Universe::_typeArrayKlasses[T_LONG+1] = { nullptr /*, nullptr...*/ };
120 ObjArrayKlass* Universe::_objectArrayKlass = nullptr;
121 Klass* Universe::_fillerArrayKlass = nullptr;
122 OopHandle Universe::_basic_type_mirrors[T_VOID+1];
123 #if INCLUDE_CDS_JAVA_HEAP
124 int Universe::_archived_basic_type_mirror_indices[T_VOID+1];
125 #endif
126
127 OopHandle Universe::_main_thread_group;
128 OopHandle Universe::_system_thread_group;
129 OopHandle Universe::_the_empty_class_array;
130 OopHandle Universe::_the_null_string;
131 OopHandle Universe::_the_min_jint_string;
132
133 OopHandle Universe::_the_null_sentinel;
134
135 // _out_of_memory_errors is an objArray
136 enum OutOfMemoryInstance { _oom_java_heap,
137 _oom_c_heap,
138 _oom_metaspace,
139 _oom_class_metaspace,
140 _oom_array_size,
141 _oom_gc_overhead_limit,
142 _oom_realloc_objects,
143 _oom_count };
144
145 OopHandle Universe::_out_of_memory_errors;
146 OopHandle Universe:: _class_init_stack_overflow_error;
147 OopHandle Universe::_delayed_stack_overflow_error_message;
148 OopHandle Universe::_preallocated_out_of_memory_error_array;
149 volatile jint Universe::_preallocated_out_of_memory_error_avail_count = 0;
150
151 // Message details for OOME objects, preallocate these objects since they could be
152 // used when throwing OOME, we should try to avoid further allocation in such case
153 OopHandle Universe::_msg_metaspace;
154 OopHandle Universe::_msg_class_metaspace;
155
156 OopHandle Universe::_reference_pending_list;
157
158 Array<Klass*>* Universe::_the_array_interfaces_array = nullptr;
159
160 long Universe::verify_flags = Universe::Verify_All;
161
162 Array<int>* Universe::_the_empty_int_array = nullptr;
163 Array<u2>* Universe::_the_empty_short_array = nullptr;
164 Array<Klass*>* Universe::_the_empty_klass_array = nullptr;
165 Array<InstanceKlass*>* Universe::_the_empty_instance_klass_array = nullptr;
166 Array<Method*>* Universe::_the_empty_method_array = nullptr;
167
168 uintx Universe::_the_array_interfaces_bitmap = 0;
169 uintx Universe::_the_empty_klass_bitmap = 0;
170
171 // These variables are guarded by FullGCALot_lock.
172 DEBUG_ONLY(OopHandle Universe::_fullgc_alot_dummy_array;)
173 DEBUG_ONLY(int Universe::_fullgc_alot_dummy_next = 0;)
174
175 // Heap
176 int Universe::_verify_count = 0;
177
178 // Oop verification (see MacroAssembler::verify_oop)
179 uintptr_t Universe::_verify_oop_mask = 0;
180 uintptr_t Universe::_verify_oop_bits = (uintptr_t) -1;
181
182 int Universe::_base_vtable_size = 0;
183 bool Universe::_bootstrapping = false;
184 bool Universe::_module_initialized = false;
185 bool Universe::_fully_initialized = false;
186
187 OopStorage* Universe::_vm_weak = nullptr;
188 OopStorage* Universe::_vm_global = nullptr;
189
190 CollectedHeap* Universe::_collectedHeap = nullptr;
191
192 // These are the exceptions that are always created and are guatanteed to exist.
193 // If possible, they can be stored as CDS archived objects to speed up AOT code.
194 class BuiltinException {
195 OopHandle _instance;
196 CDS_JAVA_HEAP_ONLY(int _archived_root_index;)
197
198 public:
199 BuiltinException() : _instance() {
200 CDS_JAVA_HEAP_ONLY(_archived_root_index = 0);
201 }
202
203 void init_if_empty(Symbol* symbol, TRAPS) {
204 if (_instance.is_empty()) {
205 Klass* k = SystemDictionary::resolve_or_fail(symbol, true, CHECK);
206 oop obj = InstanceKlass::cast(k)->allocate_instance(CHECK);
207 _instance = OopHandle(Universe::vm_global(), obj);
208 }
209 }
210
211 oop instance() {
212 return _instance.resolve();
213 }
214
215 #if INCLUDE_CDS_JAVA_HEAP
216 void store_in_cds() {
217 _archived_root_index = HeapShared::archive_exception_instance(instance());
218 }
219
220 void load_from_cds() {
221 if (_archived_root_index >= 0) {
222 oop obj = HeapShared::get_root(_archived_root_index);
223 assert(obj != nullptr, "must be");
224 _instance = OopHandle(Universe::vm_global(), obj);
225 }
226 }
227
228 void serialize(SerializeClosure *f) {
229 f->do_int(&_archived_root_index);
230 }
231 #endif
232 };
233
234 static BuiltinException _null_ptr_exception;
235 static BuiltinException _arithmetic_exception;
236 static BuiltinException _internal_error;
237 static BuiltinException _array_index_out_of_bounds_exception;
238 static BuiltinException _array_store_exception;
239 static BuiltinException _class_cast_exception;
240 static BuiltinException _preempted_exception;
241
242 objArrayOop Universe::the_empty_class_array () {
243 return (objArrayOop)_the_empty_class_array.resolve();
244 }
245
246 oop Universe::main_thread_group() { return _main_thread_group.resolve(); }
247 void Universe::set_main_thread_group(oop group) { _main_thread_group = OopHandle(vm_global(), group); }
248
249 oop Universe::system_thread_group() { return _system_thread_group.resolve(); }
250 void Universe::set_system_thread_group(oop group) { _system_thread_group = OopHandle(vm_global(), group); }
251
252 oop Universe::the_null_string() { return _the_null_string.resolve(); }
253 oop Universe::the_min_jint_string() { return _the_min_jint_string.resolve(); }
254
255 oop Universe::null_ptr_exception_instance() { return _null_ptr_exception.instance(); }
256 oop Universe::arithmetic_exception_instance() { return _arithmetic_exception.instance(); }
257 oop Universe::internal_error_instance() { return _internal_error.instance(); }
258 oop Universe::array_index_out_of_bounds_exception_instance() { return _array_index_out_of_bounds_exception.instance(); }
259 oop Universe::array_store_exception_instance() { return _array_store_exception.instance(); }
260 oop Universe::class_cast_exception_instance() { return _class_cast_exception.instance(); }
261 oop Universe::preempted_exception_instance() { return _preempted_exception.instance(); }
262
263 oop Universe::the_null_sentinel() { return _the_null_sentinel.resolve(); }
264
265 oop Universe::int_mirror() { return check_mirror(_basic_type_mirrors[T_INT].resolve()); }
266 oop Universe::float_mirror() { return check_mirror(_basic_type_mirrors[T_FLOAT].resolve()); }
267 oop Universe::double_mirror() { return check_mirror(_basic_type_mirrors[T_DOUBLE].resolve()); }
268 oop Universe::byte_mirror() { return check_mirror(_basic_type_mirrors[T_BYTE].resolve()); }
269 oop Universe::bool_mirror() { return check_mirror(_basic_type_mirrors[T_BOOLEAN].resolve()); }
270 oop Universe::char_mirror() { return check_mirror(_basic_type_mirrors[T_CHAR].resolve()); }
271 oop Universe::long_mirror() { return check_mirror(_basic_type_mirrors[T_LONG].resolve()); }
272 oop Universe::short_mirror() { return check_mirror(_basic_type_mirrors[T_SHORT].resolve()); }
273 oop Universe::void_mirror() { return check_mirror(_basic_type_mirrors[T_VOID].resolve()); }
274
275 oop Universe::java_mirror(BasicType t) {
276 assert((uint)t < T_VOID+1, "range check");
277 assert(!is_reference_type(t), "sanity");
278 return check_mirror(_basic_type_mirrors[t].resolve());
279 }
280
281 void Universe::basic_type_classes_do(KlassClosure *closure) {
282 for (int i = T_BOOLEAN; i < T_LONG+1; i++) {
283 closure->do_klass(_typeArrayKlasses[i]);
284 }
285 // We don't do the following because it will confuse JVMTI.
286 // _fillerArrayKlass is used only by GC, which doesn't need to see
287 // this klass from basic_type_classes_do().
288 //
289 // closure->do_klass(_fillerArrayKlass);
290 }
291
292 void Universe::metaspace_pointers_do(MetaspaceClosure* it) {
293 it->push(&_fillerArrayKlass);
294 for (int i = 0; i < T_LONG+1; i++) {
295 it->push(&_typeArrayKlasses[i]);
296 }
297 it->push(&_objectArrayKlass);
298
299 it->push(&_the_empty_int_array);
300 it->push(&_the_empty_short_array);
301 it->push(&_the_empty_klass_array);
302 it->push(&_the_empty_instance_klass_array);
303 it->push(&_the_empty_method_array);
304 it->push(&_the_array_interfaces_array);
305 }
306
307 #if INCLUDE_CDS_JAVA_HEAP
308 void Universe::set_archived_basic_type_mirror_index(BasicType t, int index) {
309 assert(CDSConfig::is_dumping_heap(), "sanity");
310 assert(!is_reference_type(t), "sanity");
311 _archived_basic_type_mirror_indices[t] = index;
312 }
313
314 void Universe::archive_exception_instances() {
315 _null_ptr_exception.store_in_cds();
316 _arithmetic_exception.store_in_cds();
317 _internal_error.store_in_cds();
318 _array_index_out_of_bounds_exception.store_in_cds();
319 _array_store_exception.store_in_cds();
320 _class_cast_exception.store_in_cds();
321 _preempted_exception.store_in_cds();
322 }
323
324 void Universe::load_archived_object_instances() {
325 if (ArchiveHeapLoader::is_in_use()) {
326 for (int i = T_BOOLEAN; i < T_VOID+1; i++) {
327 int index = _archived_basic_type_mirror_indices[i];
328 if (!is_reference_type((BasicType)i) && index >= 0) {
329 oop mirror_oop = HeapShared::get_root(index);
330 assert(mirror_oop != nullptr, "must be");
331 _basic_type_mirrors[i] = OopHandle(vm_global(), mirror_oop);
332 }
333 }
334
335 _null_ptr_exception.load_from_cds();
336 _arithmetic_exception.load_from_cds();
337 _internal_error.load_from_cds();
338 _array_index_out_of_bounds_exception.load_from_cds();
339 _array_store_exception.load_from_cds();
340 _class_cast_exception.load_from_cds();
341 _preempted_exception.load_from_cds();
342 }
343 }
344 #endif
345
346 void Universe::serialize(SerializeClosure* f) {
347
348 #if INCLUDE_CDS_JAVA_HEAP
349 for (int i = T_BOOLEAN; i < T_VOID+1; i++) {
350 f->do_int(&_archived_basic_type_mirror_indices[i]);
351 // if f->reading(): We can't call HeapShared::get_root() yet, as the heap
352 // contents may need to be relocated. _basic_type_mirrors[i] will be
353 // updated later in Universe::load_archived_object_instances().
354 }
355 _null_ptr_exception.serialize(f);
356 _arithmetic_exception.serialize(f);
357 _internal_error.serialize(f);
358 _array_index_out_of_bounds_exception.serialize(f);
359 _array_store_exception.serialize(f);
360 _class_cast_exception.serialize(f);
361 _preempted_exception.serialize(f);
362 #endif
363
364 f->do_ptr(&_fillerArrayKlass);
365 for (int i = 0; i < T_LONG+1; i++) {
366 f->do_ptr(&_typeArrayKlasses[i]);
367 }
368
369 f->do_ptr(&_objectArrayKlass);
370 f->do_ptr(&_the_array_interfaces_array);
371 f->do_ptr(&_the_empty_int_array);
372 f->do_ptr(&_the_empty_short_array);
373 f->do_ptr(&_the_empty_method_array);
374 f->do_ptr(&_the_empty_klass_array);
375 f->do_ptr(&_the_empty_instance_klass_array);
376 }
377
378
379 void Universe::check_alignment(uintx size, uintx alignment, const char* name) {
380 if (size < alignment || size % alignment != 0) {
381 vm_exit_during_initialization(
382 err_msg("Size of %s (%zu bytes) must be aligned to %zu bytes", name, size, alignment));
383 }
384 }
385
386 static void initialize_basic_type_klass(Klass* k, TRAPS) {
387 Klass* ok = vmClasses::Object_klass();
388 #if INCLUDE_CDS
389 if (CDSConfig::is_using_archive()) {
390 ClassLoaderData* loader_data = ClassLoaderData::the_null_class_loader_data();
391 assert(k->super() == ok, "u3");
392 if (k->is_instance_klass()) {
393 InstanceKlass::cast(k)->restore_unshareable_info(loader_data, Handle(), nullptr, CHECK);
394 } else {
395 ArrayKlass::cast(k)->restore_unshareable_info(loader_data, Handle(), CHECK);
396 }
397 } else
398 #endif
399 {
400 k->initialize_supers(ok, nullptr, CHECK);
401 }
402 k->append_to_sibling_list();
403 }
404
405 void Universe::genesis(TRAPS) {
406 ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
407 HandleMark hm(THREAD);
408
409 // Explicit null checks are needed if these offsets are not smaller than the page size
410 if (UseCompactObjectHeaders) {
411 assert(oopDesc::mark_offset_in_bytes() < static_cast<intptr_t>(os::vm_page_size()),
412 "Mark offset is expected to be less than the page size");
413 } else {
414 assert(oopDesc::klass_offset_in_bytes() < static_cast<intptr_t>(os::vm_page_size()),
415 "Klass offset is expected to be less than the page size");
416 }
417 assert(arrayOopDesc::length_offset_in_bytes() < static_cast<intptr_t>(os::vm_page_size()),
418 "Array length offset is expected to be less than the page size");
419
420 { AutoModifyRestore<bool> temporarily(_bootstrapping, true);
421
422 java_lang_Class::allocate_fixup_lists();
423
424 // determine base vtable size; without that we cannot create the array klasses
425 compute_base_vtable_size();
426
427 if (!CDSConfig::is_using_archive()) {
428 // Initialization of the fillerArrayKlass must come before regular
429 // int-TypeArrayKlass so that the int-Array mirror points to the
430 // int-TypeArrayKlass.
431 _fillerArrayKlass = TypeArrayKlass::create_klass(T_INT, "[Ljdk/internal/vm/FillerElement;", CHECK);
432 for (int i = T_BOOLEAN; i < T_LONG+1; i++) {
433 _typeArrayKlasses[i] = TypeArrayKlass::create_klass((BasicType)i, CHECK);
434 }
435
436 ClassLoaderData* null_cld = ClassLoaderData::the_null_class_loader_data();
437
438 _the_array_interfaces_array = MetadataFactory::new_array<Klass*>(null_cld, 2, nullptr, CHECK);
439 _the_empty_int_array = MetadataFactory::new_array<int>(null_cld, 0, CHECK);
440 _the_empty_short_array = MetadataFactory::new_array<u2>(null_cld, 0, CHECK);
441 _the_empty_method_array = MetadataFactory::new_array<Method*>(null_cld, 0, CHECK);
442 _the_empty_klass_array = MetadataFactory::new_array<Klass*>(null_cld, 0, CHECK);
443 _the_empty_instance_klass_array = MetadataFactory::new_array<InstanceKlass*>(null_cld, 0, CHECK);
444 }
445
446 vmSymbols::initialize();
447
448 // Initialize table for matching jmethodID, before SystemDictionary.
449 JmethodIDTable::initialize();
450
451 SystemDictionary::initialize(CHECK);
452
453 // Create string constants
454 oop s = StringTable::intern("null", CHECK);
455 _the_null_string = OopHandle(vm_global(), s);
456 s = StringTable::intern("-2147483648", CHECK);
457 _the_min_jint_string = OopHandle(vm_global(), s);
458
459 #if INCLUDE_CDS
460 if (CDSConfig::is_using_archive()) {
461 // Verify shared interfaces array.
462 assert(_the_array_interfaces_array->at(0) ==
463 vmClasses::Cloneable_klass(), "u3");
464 assert(_the_array_interfaces_array->at(1) ==
465 vmClasses::Serializable_klass(), "u3");
466 } else
467 #endif
468 {
469 // Set up shared interfaces array. (Do this before supers are set up.)
470 _the_array_interfaces_array->at_put(0, vmClasses::Cloneable_klass());
471 _the_array_interfaces_array->at_put(1, vmClasses::Serializable_klass());
472 }
473
474 _the_array_interfaces_bitmap = Klass::compute_secondary_supers_bitmap(_the_array_interfaces_array);
475 _the_empty_klass_bitmap = Klass::compute_secondary_supers_bitmap(_the_empty_klass_array);
476
477 initialize_basic_type_klass(_fillerArrayKlass, CHECK);
478
479 initialize_basic_type_klass(boolArrayKlass(), CHECK);
480 initialize_basic_type_klass(charArrayKlass(), CHECK);
481 initialize_basic_type_klass(floatArrayKlass(), CHECK);
482 initialize_basic_type_klass(doubleArrayKlass(), CHECK);
483 initialize_basic_type_klass(byteArrayKlass(), CHECK);
484 initialize_basic_type_klass(shortArrayKlass(), CHECK);
485 initialize_basic_type_klass(intArrayKlass(), CHECK);
486 initialize_basic_type_klass(longArrayKlass(), CHECK);
487
488 assert(_fillerArrayKlass != intArrayKlass(),
489 "Internal filler array klass should be different to int array Klass");
490 } // end of core bootstrapping
491
492 {
493 Handle tns = java_lang_String::create_from_str("<null_sentinel>", CHECK);
494 _the_null_sentinel = OopHandle(vm_global(), tns());
495 }
496
497 // Create a handle for reference_pending_list
498 _reference_pending_list = OopHandle(vm_global(), nullptr);
499
500 // Maybe this could be lifted up now that object array can be initialized
501 // during the bootstrapping.
502
503 // OLD
504 // Initialize _objectArrayKlass after core bootstraping to make
505 // sure the super class is set up properly for _objectArrayKlass.
506 // ---
507 // NEW
508 // Since some of the old system object arrays have been converted to
509 // ordinary object arrays, _objectArrayKlass will be loaded when
510 // SystemDictionary::initialize(CHECK); is run. See the extra check
511 // for Object_klass_loaded in objArrayKlassKlass::allocate_objArray_klass_impl.
512 {
513 Klass* oak = vmClasses::Object_klass()->array_klass(CHECK);
514 _objectArrayKlass = ObjArrayKlass::cast(oak);
515 }
516 // OLD
517 // Add the class to the class hierarchy manually to make sure that
518 // its vtable is initialized after core bootstrapping is completed.
519 // ---
520 // New
521 // Have already been initialized.
522 _objectArrayKlass->append_to_sibling_list();
523
524 #ifdef ASSERT
525 if (FullGCALot) {
526 // Allocate an array of dummy objects.
527 // We'd like these to be at the bottom of the old generation,
528 // so that when we free one and then collect,
529 // (almost) the whole heap moves
530 // and we find out if we actually update all the oops correctly.
531 // But we can't allocate directly in the old generation,
532 // so we allocate wherever, and hope that the first collection
533 // moves these objects to the bottom of the old generation.
534 int size = FullGCALotDummies * 2;
535
536 objArrayOop naked_array = oopFactory::new_objArray(vmClasses::Object_klass(), size, CHECK);
537 objArrayHandle dummy_array(THREAD, naked_array);
538 int i = 0;
539 while (i < size) {
540 // Allocate dummy in old generation
541 oop dummy = vmClasses::Object_klass()->allocate_instance(CHECK);
542 dummy_array->obj_at_put(i++, dummy);
543 }
544 {
545 // Only modify the global variable inside the mutex.
546 // If we had a race to here, the other dummy_array instances
547 // and their elements just get dropped on the floor, which is fine.
548 MutexLocker ml(THREAD, FullGCALot_lock);
549 if (_fullgc_alot_dummy_array.is_empty()) {
550 _fullgc_alot_dummy_array = OopHandle(vm_global(), dummy_array());
551 }
552 }
553 assert(i == ((objArrayOop)_fullgc_alot_dummy_array.resolve())->length(), "just checking");
554 }
555 #endif
556 }
557
558 void Universe::initialize_basic_type_mirrors(TRAPS) {
559 #if INCLUDE_CDS_JAVA_HEAP
560 if (CDSConfig::is_using_archive() &&
561 ArchiveHeapLoader::is_in_use() &&
562 _basic_type_mirrors[T_INT].resolve() != nullptr) {
563 assert(ArchiveHeapLoader::can_use(), "Sanity");
564
565 // check that all basic type mirrors are mapped also
566 for (int i = T_BOOLEAN; i < T_VOID+1; i++) {
567 if (!is_reference_type((BasicType)i)) {
568 oop m = _basic_type_mirrors[i].resolve();
569 assert(m != nullptr, "archived mirrors should not be null");
570 }
571 }
572 } else
573 // _basic_type_mirrors[T_INT], etc, are null if archived heap is not mapped.
574 #endif
575 {
576 for (int i = T_BOOLEAN; i < T_VOID+1; i++) {
577 BasicType bt = (BasicType)i;
578 if (!is_reference_type(bt)) {
579 oop m = java_lang_Class::create_basic_type_mirror(type2name(bt), bt, CHECK);
580 _basic_type_mirrors[i] = OopHandle(vm_global(), m);
581 }
582 CDS_JAVA_HEAP_ONLY(_archived_basic_type_mirror_indices[i] = -1);
583 }
584 }
585 if (CDSConfig::is_dumping_heap()) {
586 HeapShared::init_scratch_objects_for_basic_type_mirrors(CHECK);
587 }
588 }
589
590 void Universe::fixup_mirrors(TRAPS) {
591 // Bootstrap problem: all classes gets a mirror (java.lang.Class instance) assigned eagerly,
592 // but we cannot do that for classes created before java.lang.Class is loaded. Here we simply
593 // walk over permanent objects created so far (mostly classes) and fixup their mirrors. Note
594 // that the number of objects allocated at this point is very small.
595 assert(vmClasses::Class_klass_loaded(), "java.lang.Class should be loaded");
596 HandleMark hm(THREAD);
597
598 if (!CDSConfig::is_using_archive()) {
599 // Cache the start of the static fields
600 InstanceMirrorKlass::init_offset_of_static_fields();
601 }
602
603 GrowableArray <Klass*>* list = java_lang_Class::fixup_mirror_list();
604 int list_length = list->length();
605 for (int i = 0; i < list_length; i++) {
606 Klass* k = list->at(i);
607 assert(k->is_klass(), "List should only hold classes");
608 java_lang_Class::fixup_mirror(k, CATCH);
609 }
610 delete java_lang_Class::fixup_mirror_list();
611 java_lang_Class::set_fixup_mirror_list(nullptr);
612 }
613
614 #define assert_pll_locked(test) \
615 assert(Heap_lock->test(), "Reference pending list access requires lock")
616
617 #define assert_pll_ownership() assert_pll_locked(owned_by_self)
618
619 oop Universe::reference_pending_list() {
620 if (Thread::current()->is_VM_thread()) {
621 assert_pll_locked(is_locked);
622 } else {
623 assert_pll_ownership();
624 }
625 return _reference_pending_list.resolve();
626 }
627
628 void Universe::clear_reference_pending_list() {
629 assert_pll_ownership();
630 _reference_pending_list.replace(nullptr);
631 }
632
633 bool Universe::has_reference_pending_list() {
634 assert_pll_ownership();
635 return _reference_pending_list.peek() != nullptr;
636 }
637
638 oop Universe::swap_reference_pending_list(oop list) {
639 assert_pll_locked(is_locked);
640 return _reference_pending_list.xchg(list);
641 }
642
643 #undef assert_pll_locked
644 #undef assert_pll_ownership
645
646 static void reinitialize_vtables() {
647 // The vtables are initialized by starting at java.lang.Object and
648 // initializing through the subclass links, so that the super
649 // classes are always initialized first.
650 for (ClassHierarchyIterator iter(vmClasses::Object_klass()); !iter.done(); iter.next()) {
651 Klass* sub = iter.klass();
652 sub->vtable().initialize_vtable();
653 }
654 }
655
656 static void reinitialize_itables() {
657
658 class ReinitTableClosure : public KlassClosure {
659 public:
660 void do_klass(Klass* k) {
661 if (k->is_instance_klass()) {
662 InstanceKlass::cast(k)->itable().initialize_itable();
663 }
664 }
665 };
666
667 MutexLocker mcld(ClassLoaderDataGraph_lock);
668 ReinitTableClosure cl;
669 ClassLoaderDataGraph::classes_do(&cl);
670 }
671
672 bool Universe::on_page_boundary(void* addr) {
673 return is_aligned(addr, os::vm_page_size());
674 }
675
676 // the array of preallocated errors with backtraces
677 objArrayOop Universe::preallocated_out_of_memory_errors() {
678 return (objArrayOop)_preallocated_out_of_memory_error_array.resolve();
679 }
680
681 objArrayOop Universe::out_of_memory_errors() { return (objArrayOop)_out_of_memory_errors.resolve(); }
682
683 oop Universe::out_of_memory_error_java_heap() {
684 return gen_out_of_memory_error(out_of_memory_errors()->obj_at(_oom_java_heap));
685 }
686
687 oop Universe::out_of_memory_error_java_heap_without_backtrace() {
688 return out_of_memory_errors()->obj_at(_oom_java_heap);
689 }
690
691 oop Universe::out_of_memory_error_c_heap() {
692 return gen_out_of_memory_error(out_of_memory_errors()->obj_at(_oom_c_heap));
693 }
694
695 oop Universe::out_of_memory_error_metaspace() {
696 return gen_out_of_memory_error(out_of_memory_errors()->obj_at(_oom_metaspace));
697 }
698
699 oop Universe::out_of_memory_error_class_metaspace() {
700 return gen_out_of_memory_error(out_of_memory_errors()->obj_at(_oom_class_metaspace));
701 }
702
703 oop Universe::out_of_memory_error_array_size() {
704 return gen_out_of_memory_error(out_of_memory_errors()->obj_at(_oom_array_size));
705 }
706
707 oop Universe::out_of_memory_error_gc_overhead_limit() {
708 return gen_out_of_memory_error(out_of_memory_errors()->obj_at(_oom_gc_overhead_limit));
709 }
710
711 oop Universe::out_of_memory_error_realloc_objects() {
712 return gen_out_of_memory_error(out_of_memory_errors()->obj_at(_oom_realloc_objects));
713 }
714
715 oop Universe::class_init_out_of_memory_error() { return out_of_memory_errors()->obj_at(_oom_java_heap); }
716 oop Universe::class_init_stack_overflow_error() { return _class_init_stack_overflow_error.resolve(); }
717 oop Universe::delayed_stack_overflow_error_message() { return _delayed_stack_overflow_error_message.resolve(); }
718
719
720 bool Universe::should_fill_in_stack_trace(Handle throwable) {
721 // never attempt to fill in the stack trace of preallocated errors that do not have
722 // backtrace. These errors are kept alive forever and may be "re-used" when all
723 // preallocated errors with backtrace have been consumed. Also need to avoid
724 // a potential loop which could happen if an out of memory occurs when attempting
725 // to allocate the backtrace.
726 objArrayOop preallocated_oom = out_of_memory_errors();
727 for (int i = 0; i < _oom_count; i++) {
728 if (throwable() == preallocated_oom->obj_at(i)) {
729 return false;
730 }
731 }
732 return true;
733 }
734
735
736 oop Universe::gen_out_of_memory_error(oop default_err) {
737 // generate an out of memory error:
738 // - if there is a preallocated error and stack traces are available
739 // (j.l.Throwable is initialized), then return the preallocated
740 // error with a filled in stack trace, and with the message
741 // provided by the default error.
742 // - otherwise, return the default error, without a stack trace.
743 int next;
744 if ((_preallocated_out_of_memory_error_avail_count > 0) &&
745 vmClasses::Throwable_klass()->is_initialized()) {
746 next = (int)Atomic::add(&_preallocated_out_of_memory_error_avail_count, -1);
747 assert(next < (int)PreallocatedOutOfMemoryErrorCount, "avail count is corrupt");
748 } else {
749 next = -1;
750 }
751 if (next < 0) {
752 // all preallocated errors have been used.
753 // return default
754 return default_err;
755 } else {
756 JavaThread* current = JavaThread::current();
757 Handle default_err_h(current, default_err);
758 // get the error object at the slot and set set it to null so that the
759 // array isn't keeping it alive anymore.
760 Handle exc(current, preallocated_out_of_memory_errors()->obj_at(next));
761 assert(exc() != nullptr, "slot has been used already");
762 preallocated_out_of_memory_errors()->obj_at_put(next, nullptr);
763
764 // use the message from the default error
765 oop msg = java_lang_Throwable::message(default_err_h());
766 assert(msg != nullptr, "no message");
767 java_lang_Throwable::set_message(exc(), msg);
768
769 // populate the stack trace and return it.
770 java_lang_Throwable::fill_in_stack_trace_of_preallocated_backtrace(exc);
771 return exc();
772 }
773 }
774
775 bool Universe::is_out_of_memory_error_metaspace(oop ex_obj) {
776 return java_lang_Throwable::message(ex_obj) == _msg_metaspace.resolve();
777 }
778
779 bool Universe::is_out_of_memory_error_class_metaspace(oop ex_obj) {
780 return java_lang_Throwable::message(ex_obj) == _msg_class_metaspace.resolve();
781 }
782
783 // Setup preallocated OutOfMemoryError errors
784 void Universe::create_preallocated_out_of_memory_errors(TRAPS) {
785 InstanceKlass* ik = vmClasses::OutOfMemoryError_klass();
786 objArrayOop oa = oopFactory::new_objArray(ik, _oom_count, CHECK);
787 objArrayHandle oom_array(THREAD, oa);
788
789 for (int i = 0; i < _oom_count; i++) {
790 oop oom_obj = ik->allocate_instance(CHECK);
791 oom_array->obj_at_put(i, oom_obj);
792 }
793 _out_of_memory_errors = OopHandle(vm_global(), oom_array());
794
795 Handle msg = java_lang_String::create_from_str("Java heap space", CHECK);
796 java_lang_Throwable::set_message(oom_array->obj_at(_oom_java_heap), msg());
797
798 msg = java_lang_String::create_from_str("C heap space", CHECK);
799 java_lang_Throwable::set_message(oom_array->obj_at(_oom_c_heap), msg());
800
801 msg = java_lang_String::create_from_str("Metaspace", CHECK);
802 _msg_metaspace = OopHandle(vm_global(), msg());
803 java_lang_Throwable::set_message(oom_array->obj_at(_oom_metaspace), msg());
804
805 msg = java_lang_String::create_from_str("Compressed class space", CHECK);
806 _msg_class_metaspace = OopHandle(vm_global(), msg());
807 java_lang_Throwable::set_message(oom_array->obj_at(_oom_class_metaspace), msg());
808
809 msg = java_lang_String::create_from_str("Requested array size exceeds VM limit", CHECK);
810 java_lang_Throwable::set_message(oom_array->obj_at(_oom_array_size), msg());
811
812 msg = java_lang_String::create_from_str("GC overhead limit exceeded", CHECK);
813 java_lang_Throwable::set_message(oom_array->obj_at(_oom_gc_overhead_limit), msg());
814
815 msg = java_lang_String::create_from_str("Java heap space: failed reallocation of scalar replaced objects", CHECK);
816 java_lang_Throwable::set_message(oom_array->obj_at(_oom_realloc_objects), msg());
817
818 // Setup the array of errors that have preallocated backtrace
819 int len = (StackTraceInThrowable) ? (int)PreallocatedOutOfMemoryErrorCount : 0;
820 objArrayOop instance = oopFactory::new_objArray(ik, len, CHECK);
821 _preallocated_out_of_memory_error_array = OopHandle(vm_global(), instance);
822 objArrayHandle preallocated_oom_array(THREAD, instance);
823
824 for (int i=0; i<len; i++) {
825 oop err = ik->allocate_instance(CHECK);
826 Handle err_h(THREAD, err);
827 java_lang_Throwable::allocate_backtrace(err_h, CHECK);
828 preallocated_oom_array->obj_at_put(i, err_h());
829 }
830 _preallocated_out_of_memory_error_avail_count = (jint)len;
831 }
832
833 intptr_t Universe::_non_oop_bits = 0;
834
835 void* Universe::non_oop_word() {
836 // Neither the high bits nor the low bits of this value is allowed
837 // to look like (respectively) the high or low bits of a real oop.
838 //
839 // High and low are CPU-specific notions, but low always includes
840 // the low-order bit. Since oops are always aligned at least mod 4,
841 // setting the low-order bit will ensure that the low half of the
842 // word will never look like that of a real oop.
843 //
844 // Using the OS-supplied non-memory-address word (usually 0 or -1)
845 // will take care of the high bits, however many there are.
846
847 if (_non_oop_bits == 0) {
848 _non_oop_bits = (intptr_t)os::non_memory_address_word() | 1;
849 }
850
851 return (void*)_non_oop_bits;
852 }
853
854 bool Universe::contains_non_oop_word(void* p) {
855 return *(void**)p == non_oop_word();
856 }
857
858 static void initialize_global_behaviours() {
859 DefaultICProtectionBehaviour* protection_behavior = new DefaultICProtectionBehaviour();
860 // Ignore leak of DefaultICProtectionBehaviour. It is overriden by some GC implementations and the
861 // pointer is leaked once.
862 LSAN_IGNORE_OBJECT(protection_behavior);
863 CompiledICProtectionBehaviour::set_current(protection_behavior);
864 }
865
866 jint universe_init() {
867 assert(!Universe::_fully_initialized, "called after initialize_vtables");
868 guarantee(1 << LogHeapWordSize == sizeof(HeapWord),
869 "LogHeapWordSize is incorrect.");
870 guarantee(sizeof(oop) >= sizeof(HeapWord), "HeapWord larger than oop?");
871 guarantee(sizeof(oop) % sizeof(HeapWord) == 0,
872 "oop size is not not a multiple of HeapWord size");
873
874 TraceTime timer("Genesis", TRACETIME_LOG(Info, startuptime));
875
876 initialize_global_behaviours();
877
878 GCLogPrecious::initialize();
879
880 // Initialize CPUTimeCounters object, which must be done before creation of the heap.
881 CPUTimeCounters::initialize();
882
883 ObjLayout::initialize();
884
885 #ifdef _LP64
886 AOTMetaspace::adjust_heap_sizes_for_dumping();
887 #endif // _LP64
888
889 GCConfig::arguments()->initialize_heap_sizes();
890
891 jint status = Universe::initialize_heap();
892 if (status != JNI_OK) {
893 return status;
894 }
895
896 Universe::initialize_tlab();
897
898 Metaspace::global_initialize();
899
900 // Initialize performance counters for metaspaces
901 MetaspaceCounters::initialize_performance_counters();
902
903 // Checks 'AfterMemoryInit' constraints.
904 if (!JVMFlagLimit::check_all_constraints(JVMFlagConstraintPhase::AfterMemoryInit)) {
905 return JNI_EINVAL;
906 }
907
908 #if INCLUDE_CDS
909 if (CDSConfig::is_using_archive()) {
910 // Read the data structures supporting the shared spaces (shared
911 // system dictionary, symbol table, etc.)
912 AOTMetaspace::initialize_shared_spaces();
913 }
914 #endif
915
916 ClassLoaderData::init_null_class_loader_data();
917
918 #if INCLUDE_CDS
919 #if INCLUDE_CDS_JAVA_HEAP
920 if (CDSConfig::is_using_full_module_graph()) {
921 ClassLoaderDataShared::restore_archived_entries_for_null_class_loader_data();
922 }
923 #endif // INCLUDE_CDS_JAVA_HEAP
924 if (CDSConfig::is_dumping_archive()) {
925 CDSConfig::prepare_for_dumping();
926 }
927 #endif
928
929 SymbolTable::create_table();
930 StringTable::create_table();
931
932 if (strlen(VerifySubSet) > 0) {
933 Universe::initialize_verify_flags();
934 }
935
936 ResolvedMethodTable::create_table();
937
938 return JNI_OK;
939 }
940
941 jint Universe::initialize_heap() {
942 assert(_collectedHeap == nullptr, "Heap already created");
943 _collectedHeap = GCConfig::arguments()->create_heap();
944
945 log_info(gc)("Using %s", _collectedHeap->name());
946 return _collectedHeap->initialize();
947 }
948
949 void Universe::initialize_tlab() {
950 ThreadLocalAllocBuffer::set_max_size(Universe::heap()->max_tlab_size());
951 PLAB::startup_initialization();
952 if (UseTLAB) {
953 ThreadLocalAllocBuffer::startup_initialization();
954 }
955 }
956
957 ReservedHeapSpace Universe::reserve_heap(size_t heap_size, size_t alignment) {
958
959 assert(alignment <= Arguments::conservative_max_heap_alignment(),
960 "actual alignment %zu must be within maximum heap alignment %zu",
961 alignment, Arguments::conservative_max_heap_alignment());
962 assert(is_aligned(heap_size, alignment), "precondition");
963
964 size_t total_reserved = heap_size;
965 assert(!UseCompressedOops || (total_reserved <= (OopEncodingHeapMax - os::vm_page_size())),
966 "heap size is too big for compressed oops");
967
968 size_t page_size = os::vm_page_size();
969 if (UseLargePages && is_aligned(alignment, os::large_page_size())) {
970 page_size = os::large_page_size();
971 } else {
972 // Parallel is the only collector that might opt out of using large pages
973 // for the heap.
974 assert(!UseLargePages || UseParallelGC , "Wrong alignment to use large pages");
975 }
976
977 // Now create the space.
978 ReservedHeapSpace rhs = HeapReserver::reserve(total_reserved, alignment, page_size, AllocateHeapAt);
979
980 if (!rhs.is_reserved()) {
981 vm_exit_during_initialization(
982 err_msg("Could not reserve enough space for %zu KB object heap",
983 total_reserved/K));
984 }
985
986 assert(total_reserved == rhs.size(), "must be exactly of required size");
987 assert(is_aligned(rhs.base(),alignment),"must be exactly of required alignment");
988
989 assert(markWord::encode_pointer_as_mark(rhs.base()).decode_pointer() == rhs.base(),
990 "area must be distinguishable from marks for mark-sweep");
991 assert(markWord::encode_pointer_as_mark(&rhs.base()[rhs.size()]).decode_pointer() ==
992 &rhs.base()[rhs.size()],
993 "area must be distinguishable from marks for mark-sweep");
994
995 // We are good.
996
997 if (AllocateHeapAt != nullptr) {
998 log_info(gc,heap)("Successfully allocated Java heap at location %s", AllocateHeapAt);
999 }
1000
1001 if (UseCompressedOops) {
1002 CompressedOops::initialize(rhs);
1003 }
1004
1005 Universe::calculate_verify_data((HeapWord*)rhs.base(), (HeapWord*)rhs.end());
1006
1007 return rhs;
1008 }
1009
1010 OopStorage* Universe::vm_weak() {
1011 return Universe::_vm_weak;
1012 }
1013
1014 OopStorage* Universe::vm_global() {
1015 return Universe::_vm_global;
1016 }
1017
1018 void Universe::oopstorage_init() {
1019 Universe::_vm_global = OopStorageSet::create_strong("VM Global", mtInternal);
1020 Universe::_vm_weak = OopStorageSet::create_weak("VM Weak", mtInternal);
1021 }
1022
1023 void universe_oopstorage_init() {
1024 Universe::oopstorage_init();
1025 }
1026
1027 void LatestMethodCache::init(JavaThread* current, InstanceKlass* ik,
1028 const char* method, Symbol* signature, bool is_static)
1029 {
1030 TempNewSymbol name = SymbolTable::new_symbol(method);
1031 Method* m = nullptr;
1032 // The klass must be linked before looking up the method.
1033 if (!ik->link_class_or_fail(current) ||
1034 ((m = ik->find_method(name, signature)) == nullptr) ||
1035 is_static != m->is_static()) {
1036 ResourceMark rm(current);
1037 // NoSuchMethodException doesn't actually work because it tries to run the
1038 // <init> function before java_lang_Class is linked. Print error and exit.
1039 vm_exit_during_initialization(err_msg("Unable to link/verify %s.%s method",
1040 ik->name()->as_C_string(), method));
1041 }
1042
1043 _klass = ik;
1044 _method_idnum = m->method_idnum();
1045 assert(_method_idnum >= 0, "sanity check");
1046 }
1047
1048 Method* LatestMethodCache::get_method() {
1049 if (_klass == nullptr) {
1050 return nullptr;
1051 } else {
1052 Method* m = _klass->method_with_idnum(_method_idnum);
1053 assert(m != nullptr, "sanity check");
1054 return m;
1055 }
1056 }
1057
1058 Method* Universe::finalizer_register_method() { return _finalizer_register_cache.get_method(); }
1059 Method* Universe::loader_addClass_method() { return _loader_addClass_cache.get_method(); }
1060 Method* Universe::throw_illegal_access_error() { return _throw_illegal_access_error_cache.get_method(); }
1061 Method* Universe::throw_no_such_method_error() { return _throw_no_such_method_error_cache.get_method(); }
1062 Method* Universe::do_stack_walk_method() { return _do_stack_walk_cache.get_method(); }
1063
1064 void Universe::initialize_known_methods(JavaThread* current) {
1065 // Set up static method for registering finalizers
1066 _finalizer_register_cache.init(current,
1067 vmClasses::Finalizer_klass(),
1068 "register",
1069 vmSymbols::object_void_signature(), true);
1070
1071 _throw_illegal_access_error_cache.init(current,
1072 vmClasses::internal_Unsafe_klass(),
1073 "throwIllegalAccessError",
1074 vmSymbols::void_method_signature(), true);
1075
1076 _throw_no_such_method_error_cache.init(current,
1077 vmClasses::internal_Unsafe_klass(),
1078 "throwNoSuchMethodError",
1079 vmSymbols::void_method_signature(), true);
1080
1081 // Set up method for registering loaded classes in class loader vector
1082 _loader_addClass_cache.init(current,
1083 vmClasses::ClassLoader_klass(),
1084 "addClass",
1085 vmSymbols::class_void_signature(), false);
1086
1087 // Set up method for stack walking
1088 _do_stack_walk_cache.init(current,
1089 vmClasses::AbstractStackWalker_klass(),
1090 "doStackWalk",
1091 vmSymbols::doStackWalk_signature(), false);
1092 }
1093
1094 void universe2_init() {
1095 EXCEPTION_MARK;
1096 Universe::genesis(CATCH);
1097 }
1098
1099 // Set after initialization of the module runtime, call_initModuleRuntime
1100 void universe_post_module_init() {
1101 Universe::_module_initialized = true;
1102 }
1103
1104 bool universe_post_init() {
1105 assert(!is_init_completed(), "Error: initialization not yet completed!");
1106 Universe::_fully_initialized = true;
1107 EXCEPTION_MARK;
1108 if (!CDSConfig::is_using_archive()) {
1109 reinitialize_vtables();
1110 reinitialize_itables();
1111 }
1112
1113 HandleMark hm(THREAD);
1114 // Setup preallocated empty java.lang.Class array for Method reflection.
1115
1116 objArrayOop the_empty_class_array = oopFactory::new_objArray(vmClasses::Class_klass(), 0, CHECK_false);
1117 Universe::_the_empty_class_array = OopHandle(Universe::vm_global(), the_empty_class_array);
1118
1119 // Setup preallocated OutOfMemoryError errors
1120 Universe::create_preallocated_out_of_memory_errors(CHECK_false);
1121
1122 oop instance;
1123 // Setup preallocated cause message for delayed StackOverflowError
1124 if (StackReservedPages > 0) {
1125 instance = java_lang_String::create_oop_from_str("Delayed StackOverflowError due to ReservedStackAccess annotated method", CHECK_false);
1126 Universe::_delayed_stack_overflow_error_message = OopHandle(Universe::vm_global(), instance);
1127 }
1128
1129 // Setup preallocated exceptions used for a cheap & dirty solution in compiler exception handling
1130 _null_ptr_exception.init_if_empty(vmSymbols::java_lang_NullPointerException(), CHECK_false);
1131 _arithmetic_exception.init_if_empty(vmSymbols::java_lang_ArithmeticException(), CHECK_false);
1132 _array_index_out_of_bounds_exception.init_if_empty(vmSymbols::java_lang_ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException(), CHECK_false);
1133 _array_store_exception.init_if_empty(vmSymbols::java_lang_ArrayStoreException(), CHECK_false);
1134 _class_cast_exception.init_if_empty(vmSymbols::java_lang_ClassCastException(), CHECK_false);
1135 _preempted_exception.init_if_empty(vmSymbols::jdk_internal_vm_PreemptedException(), CHECK_false);
1136
1137 // Virtual Machine Error for when we get into a situation we can't resolve
1138 Klass* k = vmClasses::InternalError_klass();
1139 bool linked = InstanceKlass::cast(k)->link_class_or_fail(CHECK_false);
1140 if (!linked) {
1141 tty->print_cr("Unable to link/verify InternalError class");
1142 return false; // initialization failed
1143 }
1144 _internal_error.init_if_empty(vmSymbols::java_lang_InternalError(), CHECK_false);
1145
1146 Handle msg = java_lang_String::create_from_str("/ by zero", CHECK_false);
1147 java_lang_Throwable::set_message(Universe::arithmetic_exception_instance(), msg());
1148
1149 // Setup preallocated StackOverflowError for use with class initialization failure
1150 k = SystemDictionary::resolve_or_fail(vmSymbols::java_lang_StackOverflowError(), true, CHECK_false);
1151 instance = InstanceKlass::cast(k)->allocate_instance(CHECK_false);
1152 Universe::_class_init_stack_overflow_error = OopHandle(Universe::vm_global(), instance);
1153
1154 Universe::initialize_known_methods(THREAD);
1155
1156 // This needs to be done before the first scavenge/gc, since
1157 // it's an input to soft ref clearing policy.
1158 {
1159 MutexLocker x(THREAD, Heap_lock);
1160 Universe::heap()->update_capacity_and_used_at_gc();
1161 }
1162
1163 // ("weak") refs processing infrastructure initialization
1164 Universe::heap()->post_initialize();
1165
1166 MemoryService::add_metaspace_memory_pools();
1167
1168 MemoryService::set_universe_heap(Universe::heap());
1169 #if INCLUDE_CDS
1170 AOTMetaspace::post_initialize(CHECK_false);
1171 #endif
1172 return true;
1173 }
1174
1175
1176 void Universe::compute_base_vtable_size() {
1177 _base_vtable_size = ClassLoader::compute_Object_vtable();
1178 }
1179
1180 void Universe::print_on(outputStream* st) {
1181 GCMutexLocker hl(Heap_lock); // Heap_lock might be locked by caller thread.
1182 st->print_cr("Heap");
1183
1184 StreamIndentor si(st, 1);
1185 heap()->print_heap_on(st);
1186 MetaspaceUtils::print_on(st);
1187 }
1188
1189 void Universe::print_heap_at_SIGBREAK() {
1190 if (PrintHeapAtSIGBREAK) {
1191 print_on(tty);
1192 tty->cr();
1193 tty->flush();
1194 }
1195 }
1196
1197 void Universe::initialize_verify_flags() {
1198 verify_flags = 0;
1199 const char delimiter[] = " ,";
1200
1201 size_t length = strlen(VerifySubSet);
1202 char* subset_list = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, length + 1, mtInternal);
1203 strncpy(subset_list, VerifySubSet, length + 1);
1204 char* save_ptr;
1205
1206 char* token = strtok_r(subset_list, delimiter, &save_ptr);
1207 while (token != nullptr) {
1208 if (strcmp(token, "threads") == 0) {
1209 verify_flags |= Verify_Threads;
1210 } else if (strcmp(token, "heap") == 0) {
1211 verify_flags |= Verify_Heap;
1212 } else if (strcmp(token, "symbol_table") == 0) {
1213 verify_flags |= Verify_SymbolTable;
1214 } else if (strcmp(token, "string_table") == 0) {
1215 verify_flags |= Verify_StringTable;
1216 } else if (strcmp(token, "codecache") == 0) {
1217 verify_flags |= Verify_CodeCache;
1218 } else if (strcmp(token, "dictionary") == 0) {
1219 verify_flags |= Verify_SystemDictionary;
1220 } else if (strcmp(token, "classloader_data_graph") == 0) {
1221 verify_flags |= Verify_ClassLoaderDataGraph;
1222 } else if (strcmp(token, "metaspace") == 0) {
1223 verify_flags |= Verify_MetaspaceUtils;
1224 } else if (strcmp(token, "jni_handles") == 0) {
1225 verify_flags |= Verify_JNIHandles;
1226 } else if (strcmp(token, "codecache_oops") == 0) {
1227 verify_flags |= Verify_CodeCacheOops;
1228 } else if (strcmp(token, "resolved_method_table") == 0) {
1229 verify_flags |= Verify_ResolvedMethodTable;
1230 } else if (strcmp(token, "stringdedup") == 0) {
1231 verify_flags |= Verify_StringDedup;
1232 } else {
1233 vm_exit_during_initialization(err_msg("VerifySubSet: \'%s\' memory sub-system is unknown, please correct it", token));
1234 }
1235 token = strtok_r(nullptr, delimiter, &save_ptr);
1236 }
1237 FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, subset_list);
1238 }
1239
1240 bool Universe::should_verify_subset(uint subset) {
1241 if (verify_flags & subset) {
1242 return true;
1243 }
1244 return false;
1245 }
1246
1247 void Universe::verify(VerifyOption option, const char* prefix) {
1248 COMPILER2_PRESENT(
1249 assert(!DerivedPointerTable::is_active(),
1250 "DPT should not be active during verification "
1251 "(of thread stacks below)");
1252 )
1253
1254 Thread* thread = Thread::current();
1255 ResourceMark rm(thread);
1256 HandleMark hm(thread); // Handles created during verification can be zapped
1257 _verify_count++;
1258
1259 FormatBuffer<> title("Verifying %s", prefix);
1260 GCTraceTime(Info, gc, verify) tm(title.buffer());
1261 if (should_verify_subset(Verify_Threads)) {
1262 log_debug(gc, verify)("Threads");
1263 Threads::verify();
1264 }
1265 if (should_verify_subset(Verify_Heap)) {
1266 log_debug(gc, verify)("Heap");
1267 heap()->verify(option);
1268 }
1269 if (should_verify_subset(Verify_SymbolTable)) {
1270 log_debug(gc, verify)("SymbolTable");
1271 SymbolTable::verify();
1272 }
1273 if (should_verify_subset(Verify_StringTable)) {
1274 log_debug(gc, verify)("StringTable");
1275 StringTable::verify();
1276 }
1277 if (should_verify_subset(Verify_CodeCache)) {
1278 log_debug(gc, verify)("CodeCache");
1279 CodeCache::verify();
1280 }
1281 if (should_verify_subset(Verify_SystemDictionary)) {
1282 log_debug(gc, verify)("SystemDictionary");
1283 SystemDictionary::verify();
1284 }
1285 if (should_verify_subset(Verify_ClassLoaderDataGraph)) {
1286 log_debug(gc, verify)("ClassLoaderDataGraph");
1287 ClassLoaderDataGraph::verify();
1288 }
1289 if (should_verify_subset(Verify_MetaspaceUtils)) {
1290 log_debug(gc, verify)("MetaspaceUtils");
1291 DEBUG_ONLY(MetaspaceUtils::verify();)
1292 }
1293 if (should_verify_subset(Verify_JNIHandles)) {
1294 log_debug(gc, verify)("JNIHandles");
1295 JNIHandles::verify();
1296 }
1297 if (should_verify_subset(Verify_CodeCacheOops)) {
1298 log_debug(gc, verify)("CodeCache Oops");
1299 CodeCache::verify_oops();
1300 }
1301 if (should_verify_subset(Verify_ResolvedMethodTable)) {
1302 log_debug(gc, verify)("ResolvedMethodTable Oops");
1303 ResolvedMethodTable::verify();
1304 }
1305 if (should_verify_subset(Verify_StringDedup)) {
1306 log_debug(gc, verify)("String Deduplication");
1307 StringDedup::verify();
1308 }
1309 }
1310
1311 static void log_cpu_time() {
1312 LogTarget(Info, cpu) cpuLog;
1313 if (!cpuLog.is_enabled()) {
1314 return;
1315 }
1316
1317 const double process_cpu_time = os::elapsed_process_cpu_time();
1318 if (process_cpu_time == 0 || process_cpu_time == -1) {
1319 // 0 can happen e.g. for short running processes with
1320 // low CPU utilization
1321 return;
1322 }
1323
1324 const double gc_threads_cpu_time = (double) CPUTimeUsage::GC::gc_threads() / NANOSECS_PER_SEC;
1325 const double gc_vm_thread_cpu_time = (double) CPUTimeUsage::GC::vm_thread() / NANOSECS_PER_SEC;
1326 const double gc_string_dedup_cpu_time = (double) CPUTimeUsage::GC::stringdedup() / NANOSECS_PER_SEC;
1327 const double gc_cpu_time = (double) gc_threads_cpu_time + gc_vm_thread_cpu_time + gc_string_dedup_cpu_time;
1328
1329 const double elasped_time = os::elapsedTime();
1330 const bool has_error = CPUTimeUsage::Error::has_error();
1331
1332 if (gc_cpu_time < process_cpu_time) {
1333 cpuLog.print("=== CPU time Statistics =============================================================");
1334 if (has_error) {
1335 cpuLog.print("WARNING: CPU time sampling reported errors, numbers may be unreliable");
1336 }
1337 cpuLog.print(" CPUs");
1338 cpuLog.print(" s %% utilized");
1339 cpuLog.print(" Process");
1340 cpuLog.print(" Total %30.4f %6.2f %8.1f", process_cpu_time, 100.0, process_cpu_time / elasped_time);
1341 cpuLog.print(" Garbage Collection %30.4f %6.2f %8.1f", gc_cpu_time, percent_of(gc_cpu_time, process_cpu_time), gc_cpu_time / elasped_time);
1342 cpuLog.print(" GC Threads %30.4f %6.2f %8.1f", gc_threads_cpu_time, percent_of(gc_threads_cpu_time, process_cpu_time), gc_threads_cpu_time / elasped_time);
1343 cpuLog.print(" VM Thread %30.4f %6.2f %8.1f", gc_vm_thread_cpu_time, percent_of(gc_vm_thread_cpu_time, process_cpu_time), gc_vm_thread_cpu_time / elasped_time);
1344
1345 if (UseStringDeduplication) {
1346 cpuLog.print(" String Deduplication %30.4f %6.2f %8.1f", gc_string_dedup_cpu_time, percent_of(gc_string_dedup_cpu_time, process_cpu_time), gc_string_dedup_cpu_time / elasped_time);
1347 }
1348 cpuLog.print("=====================================================================================");
1349 }
1350 }
1351
1352 void Universe::before_exit() {
1353 log_cpu_time();
1354 heap()->before_exit();
1355
1356 // Print GC/heap related information.
1357 Log(gc, exit) log;
1358 if (log.is_info()) {
1359 LogStream ls_info(log.info());
1360 Universe::print_on(&ls_info);
1361 if (log.is_trace()) {
1362 LogStream ls_trace(log.trace());
1363 MutexLocker mcld(ClassLoaderDataGraph_lock);
1364 ClassLoaderDataGraph::print_on(&ls_trace);
1365 }
1366 }
1367 }
1368
1369 #ifndef PRODUCT
1370 void Universe::calculate_verify_data(HeapWord* low_boundary, HeapWord* high_boundary) {
1371 assert(low_boundary < high_boundary, "bad interval");
1372
1373 // decide which low-order bits we require to be clear:
1374 size_t alignSize = MinObjAlignmentInBytes;
1375 size_t min_object_size = CollectedHeap::min_fill_size();
1376
1377 // make an inclusive limit:
1378 uintptr_t max = (uintptr_t)high_boundary - min_object_size*wordSize;
1379 uintptr_t min = (uintptr_t)low_boundary;
1380 assert(min < max, "bad interval");
1381 uintptr_t diff = max ^ min;
1382
1383 // throw away enough low-order bits to make the diff vanish
1384 uintptr_t mask = (uintptr_t)(-1);
1385 while ((mask & diff) != 0)
1386 mask <<= 1;
1387 uintptr_t bits = (min & mask);
1388 assert(bits == (max & mask), "correct mask");
1389 // check an intermediate value between min and max, just to make sure:
1390 assert(bits == ((min + (max-min)/2) & mask), "correct mask");
1391
1392 // require address alignment, too:
1393 mask |= (alignSize - 1);
1394
1395 if (!(_verify_oop_mask == 0 && _verify_oop_bits == (uintptr_t)-1)) {
1396 assert(_verify_oop_mask == mask && _verify_oop_bits == bits, "mask stability");
1397 }
1398 _verify_oop_mask = mask;
1399 _verify_oop_bits = bits;
1400 }
1401
1402 void Universe::set_verify_data(uintptr_t mask, uintptr_t bits) {
1403 _verify_oop_mask = mask;
1404 _verify_oop_bits = bits;
1405 }
1406
1407 // Oop verification (see MacroAssembler::verify_oop)
1408
1409 uintptr_t Universe::verify_oop_mask() {
1410 return _verify_oop_mask;
1411 }
1412
1413 uintptr_t Universe::verify_oop_bits() {
1414 return _verify_oop_bits;
1415 }
1416
1417 uintptr_t Universe::verify_mark_mask() {
1418 return markWord::lock_mask_in_place;
1419 }
1420
1421 uintptr_t Universe::verify_mark_bits() {
1422 intptr_t mask = verify_mark_mask();
1423 intptr_t bits = (intptr_t)markWord::prototype().value();
1424 assert((bits & ~mask) == 0, "no stray header bits");
1425 return bits;
1426 }
1427 #endif // PRODUCT
1428
1429 #ifdef ASSERT
1430 // Release dummy object(s) at bottom of heap
1431 bool Universe::release_fullgc_alot_dummy() {
1432 MutexLocker ml(FullGCALot_lock);
1433 objArrayOop fullgc_alot_dummy_array = (objArrayOop)_fullgc_alot_dummy_array.resolve();
1434 if (fullgc_alot_dummy_array != nullptr) {
1435 if (_fullgc_alot_dummy_next >= fullgc_alot_dummy_array->length()) {
1436 // No more dummies to release, release entire array instead
1437 _fullgc_alot_dummy_array.release(Universe::vm_global());
1438 _fullgc_alot_dummy_array = OopHandle(); // null out OopStorage pointer.
1439 return false;
1440 }
1441
1442 // Release dummy at bottom of old generation
1443 fullgc_alot_dummy_array->obj_at_put(_fullgc_alot_dummy_next++, nullptr);
1444 }
1445 return true;
1446 }
1447
1448 bool Universe::is_stw_gc_active() {
1449 return heap()->is_stw_gc_active();
1450 }
1451
1452 bool Universe::is_in_heap(const void* p) {
1453 return heap()->is_in(p);
1454 }
1455
1456 #endif // ASSERT