1 /*
2 * Copyright (c) 1997, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
3 * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
4 *
5 * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
6 * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
7 * published by the Free Software Foundation.
8 *
9 * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
10 * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
11 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License
12 * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
13 * accompanied this code).
14 *
15 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
16 * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
17 * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
18 *
19 * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
20 * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
21 * questions.
22 *
23 */
24
25 #include "cds/aotMetaspace.hpp"
26 #include "cds/archiveHeapLoader.hpp"
27 #include "cds/cdsConfig.hpp"
28 #include "cds/dynamicArchive.hpp"
29 #include "cds/heapShared.hpp"
30 #include "classfile/classLoader.hpp"
31 #include "classfile/classLoaderDataGraph.hpp"
32 #include "classfile/classLoaderDataShared.hpp"
33 #include "classfile/javaClasses.hpp"
34 #include "classfile/stringTable.hpp"
35 #include "classfile/symbolTable.hpp"
36 #include "classfile/systemDictionary.hpp"
37 #include "classfile/vmClasses.hpp"
38 #include "classfile/vmSymbols.hpp"
39 #include "code/codeBehaviours.hpp"
40 #include "code/codeCache.hpp"
41 #include "compiler/oopMap.hpp"
42 #include "gc/shared/collectedHeap.inline.hpp"
43 #include "gc/shared/gcArguments.hpp"
44 #include "gc/shared/gcConfig.hpp"
45 #include "gc/shared/gcLogPrecious.hpp"
46 #include "gc/shared/gcTraceTime.inline.hpp"
47 #include "gc/shared/oopStorageSet.hpp"
48 #include "gc/shared/plab.hpp"
49 #include "gc/shared/stringdedup/stringDedup.hpp"
50 #include "gc/shared/tlab_globals.hpp"
51 #include "logging/log.hpp"
52 #include "logging/logStream.hpp"
53 #include "memory/memoryReserver.hpp"
54 #include "memory/metadataFactory.hpp"
55 #include "memory/metaspaceClosure.hpp"
56 #include "memory/metaspaceCounters.hpp"
57 #include "memory/metaspaceUtils.hpp"
58 #include "memory/oopFactory.hpp"
59 #include "memory/resourceArea.hpp"
60 #include "memory/universe.hpp"
61 #include "oops/compressedOops.hpp"
62 #include "oops/instanceKlass.hpp"
63 #include "oops/instanceMirrorKlass.hpp"
64 #include "oops/jmethodIDTable.hpp"
65 #include "oops/klass.inline.hpp"
66 #include "oops/objArrayOop.inline.hpp"
67 #include "oops/objLayout.hpp"
68 #include "oops/oop.inline.hpp"
69 #include "oops/oopHandle.inline.hpp"
70 #include "oops/typeArrayKlass.hpp"
71 #include "prims/resolvedMethodTable.hpp"
72 #include "runtime/arguments.hpp"
73 #include "runtime/atomicAccess.hpp"
74 #include "runtime/cpuTimeCounters.hpp"
75 #include "runtime/flags/jvmFlagLimit.hpp"
76 #include "runtime/handles.inline.hpp"
77 #include "runtime/init.hpp"
78 #include "runtime/java.hpp"
79 #include "runtime/javaThread.hpp"
80 #include "runtime/jniHandles.hpp"
81 #include "runtime/threads.hpp"
82 #include "runtime/timerTrace.hpp"
83 #include "sanitizers/leak.hpp"
84 #include "services/cpuTimeUsage.hpp"
85 #include "services/memoryService.hpp"
86 #include "utilities/align.hpp"
87 #include "utilities/autoRestore.hpp"
88 #include "utilities/debug.hpp"
89 #include "utilities/formatBuffer.hpp"
90 #include "utilities/globalDefinitions.hpp"
91 #include "utilities/macros.hpp"
92 #include "utilities/ostream.hpp"
93 #include "utilities/preserveException.hpp"
94
95 // A helper class for caching a Method* when the user of the cache
96 // only cares about the latest version of the Method*. This cache safely
97 // interacts with the RedefineClasses API.
98 class LatestMethodCache {
99 // We save the InstanceKlass* and the idnum of Method* in order to get
100 // the current Method*.
101 InstanceKlass* _klass;
102 int _method_idnum;
103
104 public:
105 LatestMethodCache() { _klass = nullptr; _method_idnum = -1; }
106
107 void init(JavaThread* current, InstanceKlass* ik, const char* method,
108 Symbol* signature, bool is_static);
109 Method* get_method();
110 };
111
112 static LatestMethodCache _finalizer_register_cache; // Finalizer.register()
113 static LatestMethodCache _loader_addClass_cache; // ClassLoader.addClass()
114 static LatestMethodCache _throw_illegal_access_error_cache; // Unsafe.throwIllegalAccessError()
115 static LatestMethodCache _throw_no_such_method_error_cache; // Unsafe.throwNoSuchMethodError()
116 static LatestMethodCache _do_stack_walk_cache; // AbstractStackWalker.doStackWalk()
117
118 // Known objects
119 TypeArrayKlass* Universe::_typeArrayKlasses[T_LONG+1] = { nullptr /*, nullptr...*/ };
120 ObjArrayKlass* Universe::_objectArrayKlass = nullptr;
121 Klass* Universe::_fillerArrayKlass = nullptr;
122 OopHandle Universe::_basic_type_mirrors[T_VOID+1];
123 #if INCLUDE_CDS_JAVA_HEAP
124 int Universe::_archived_basic_type_mirror_indices[T_VOID+1];
125 #endif
126
127 OopHandle Universe::_main_thread_group;
128 OopHandle Universe::_system_thread_group;
129 OopHandle Universe::_the_empty_class_array;
130 OopHandle Universe::_the_null_string;
131 OopHandle Universe::_the_min_jint_string;
132
133 OopHandle Universe::_the_null_sentinel;
134
135 // _out_of_memory_errors is an objArray
136 enum OutOfMemoryInstance { _oom_java_heap,
137 _oom_c_heap,
138 _oom_metaspace,
139 _oom_class_metaspace,
140 _oom_array_size,
141 _oom_gc_overhead_limit,
142 _oom_realloc_objects,
143 _oom_count };
144
145 OopHandle Universe::_out_of_memory_errors;
146 OopHandle Universe:: _class_init_stack_overflow_error;
147 OopHandle Universe::_delayed_stack_overflow_error_message;
148 OopHandle Universe::_preallocated_out_of_memory_error_array;
149 volatile jint Universe::_preallocated_out_of_memory_error_avail_count = 0;
150
151 // Message details for OOME objects, preallocate these objects since they could be
152 // used when throwing OOME, we should try to avoid further allocation in such case
153 OopHandle Universe::_msg_metaspace;
154 OopHandle Universe::_msg_class_metaspace;
155
156 OopHandle Universe::_reference_pending_list;
157
158 Array<Klass*>* Universe::_the_array_interfaces_array = nullptr;
159
160 long Universe::verify_flags = Universe::Verify_All;
161
162 Array<int>* Universe::_the_empty_int_array = nullptr;
163 Array<u2>* Universe::_the_empty_short_array = nullptr;
164 Array<Klass*>* Universe::_the_empty_klass_array = nullptr;
165 Array<InstanceKlass*>* Universe::_the_empty_instance_klass_array = nullptr;
166 Array<Method*>* Universe::_the_empty_method_array = nullptr;
167
168 uintx Universe::_the_array_interfaces_bitmap = 0;
169 uintx Universe::_the_empty_klass_bitmap = 0;
170
171 // These variables are guarded by FullGCALot_lock.
172 DEBUG_ONLY(OopHandle Universe::_fullgc_alot_dummy_array;)
173 DEBUG_ONLY(int Universe::_fullgc_alot_dummy_next = 0;)
174
175 // Heap
176 int Universe::_verify_count = 0;
177
178 // Oop verification (see MacroAssembler::verify_oop)
179 uintptr_t Universe::_verify_oop_mask = 0;
180 uintptr_t Universe::_verify_oop_bits = (uintptr_t) -1;
181
182 int Universe::_base_vtable_size = 0;
183 bool Universe::_bootstrapping = false;
184 bool Universe::_module_initialized = false;
185 bool Universe::_fully_initialized = false;
186 volatile bool Universe::_is_shutting_down = false;
187
188 OopStorage* Universe::_vm_weak = nullptr;
189 OopStorage* Universe::_vm_global = nullptr;
190
191 CollectedHeap* Universe::_collectedHeap = nullptr;
192
193 // These are the exceptions that are always created and are guatanteed to exist.
194 // If possible, they can be stored as CDS archived objects to speed up AOT code.
195 class BuiltinException {
196 OopHandle _instance;
197 CDS_JAVA_HEAP_ONLY(int _archived_root_index;)
198
199 public:
200 BuiltinException() : _instance() {
201 CDS_JAVA_HEAP_ONLY(_archived_root_index = 0);
202 }
203
204 void init_if_empty(Symbol* symbol, TRAPS) {
205 if (_instance.is_empty()) {
206 Klass* k = SystemDictionary::resolve_or_fail(symbol, true, CHECK);
207 oop obj = InstanceKlass::cast(k)->allocate_instance(CHECK);
208 _instance = OopHandle(Universe::vm_global(), obj);
209 }
210 }
211
212 oop instance() {
213 return _instance.resolve();
214 }
215
216 #if INCLUDE_CDS_JAVA_HEAP
217 void store_in_cds() {
218 _archived_root_index = HeapShared::archive_exception_instance(instance());
219 }
220
221 void load_from_cds() {
222 if (_archived_root_index >= 0) {
223 oop obj = HeapShared::get_root(_archived_root_index);
224 assert(obj != nullptr, "must be");
225 _instance = OopHandle(Universe::vm_global(), obj);
226 }
227 }
228
229 void serialize(SerializeClosure *f) {
230 f->do_int(&_archived_root_index);
231 }
232 #endif
233 };
234
235 static BuiltinException _null_ptr_exception;
236 static BuiltinException _arithmetic_exception;
237 static BuiltinException _internal_error;
238 static BuiltinException _array_index_out_of_bounds_exception;
239 static BuiltinException _array_store_exception;
240 static BuiltinException _class_cast_exception;
241 static BuiltinException _preempted_exception;
242
243 objArrayOop Universe::the_empty_class_array () {
244 return (objArrayOop)_the_empty_class_array.resolve();
245 }
246
247 oop Universe::main_thread_group() { return _main_thread_group.resolve(); }
248 void Universe::set_main_thread_group(oop group) { _main_thread_group = OopHandle(vm_global(), group); }
249
250 oop Universe::system_thread_group() { return _system_thread_group.resolve(); }
251 void Universe::set_system_thread_group(oop group) { _system_thread_group = OopHandle(vm_global(), group); }
252
253 oop Universe::the_null_string() { return _the_null_string.resolve(); }
254 oop Universe::the_min_jint_string() { return _the_min_jint_string.resolve(); }
255
256 oop Universe::null_ptr_exception_instance() { return _null_ptr_exception.instance(); }
257 oop Universe::arithmetic_exception_instance() { return _arithmetic_exception.instance(); }
258 oop Universe::internal_error_instance() { return _internal_error.instance(); }
259 oop Universe::array_index_out_of_bounds_exception_instance() { return _array_index_out_of_bounds_exception.instance(); }
260 oop Universe::array_store_exception_instance() { return _array_store_exception.instance(); }
261 oop Universe::class_cast_exception_instance() { return _class_cast_exception.instance(); }
262 oop Universe::preempted_exception_instance() { return _preempted_exception.instance(); }
263
264 oop Universe::the_null_sentinel() { return _the_null_sentinel.resolve(); }
265
266 oop Universe::int_mirror() { return check_mirror(_basic_type_mirrors[T_INT].resolve()); }
267 oop Universe::float_mirror() { return check_mirror(_basic_type_mirrors[T_FLOAT].resolve()); }
268 oop Universe::double_mirror() { return check_mirror(_basic_type_mirrors[T_DOUBLE].resolve()); }
269 oop Universe::byte_mirror() { return check_mirror(_basic_type_mirrors[T_BYTE].resolve()); }
270 oop Universe::bool_mirror() { return check_mirror(_basic_type_mirrors[T_BOOLEAN].resolve()); }
271 oop Universe::char_mirror() { return check_mirror(_basic_type_mirrors[T_CHAR].resolve()); }
272 oop Universe::long_mirror() { return check_mirror(_basic_type_mirrors[T_LONG].resolve()); }
273 oop Universe::short_mirror() { return check_mirror(_basic_type_mirrors[T_SHORT].resolve()); }
274 oop Universe::void_mirror() { return check_mirror(_basic_type_mirrors[T_VOID].resolve()); }
275
276 oop Universe::java_mirror(BasicType t) {
277 assert((uint)t < T_VOID+1, "range check");
278 assert(!is_reference_type(t), "sanity");
279 return check_mirror(_basic_type_mirrors[t].resolve());
280 }
281
282 void Universe::basic_type_classes_do(KlassClosure *closure) {
283 for (int i = T_BOOLEAN; i < T_LONG+1; i++) {
284 closure->do_klass(_typeArrayKlasses[i]);
285 }
286 // We don't do the following because it will confuse JVMTI.
287 // _fillerArrayKlass is used only by GC, which doesn't need to see
288 // this klass from basic_type_classes_do().
289 //
290 // closure->do_klass(_fillerArrayKlass);
291 }
292
293 void Universe::metaspace_pointers_do(MetaspaceClosure* it) {
294 it->push(&_fillerArrayKlass);
295 for (int i = 0; i < T_LONG+1; i++) {
296 it->push(&_typeArrayKlasses[i]);
297 }
298 it->push(&_objectArrayKlass);
299
300 it->push(&_the_empty_int_array);
301 it->push(&_the_empty_short_array);
302 it->push(&_the_empty_klass_array);
303 it->push(&_the_empty_instance_klass_array);
304 it->push(&_the_empty_method_array);
305 it->push(&_the_array_interfaces_array);
306 }
307
308 #if INCLUDE_CDS_JAVA_HEAP
309 void Universe::set_archived_basic_type_mirror_index(BasicType t, int index) {
310 assert(CDSConfig::is_dumping_heap(), "sanity");
311 assert(!is_reference_type(t), "sanity");
312 _archived_basic_type_mirror_indices[t] = index;
313 }
314
315 void Universe::archive_exception_instances() {
316 _null_ptr_exception.store_in_cds();
317 _arithmetic_exception.store_in_cds();
318 _internal_error.store_in_cds();
319 _array_index_out_of_bounds_exception.store_in_cds();
320 _array_store_exception.store_in_cds();
321 _class_cast_exception.store_in_cds();
322 _preempted_exception.store_in_cds();
323 }
324
325 void Universe::load_archived_object_instances() {
326 if (ArchiveHeapLoader::is_in_use()) {
327 for (int i = T_BOOLEAN; i < T_VOID+1; i++) {
328 int index = _archived_basic_type_mirror_indices[i];
329 if (!is_reference_type((BasicType)i) && index >= 0) {
330 oop mirror_oop = HeapShared::get_root(index);
331 assert(mirror_oop != nullptr, "must be");
332 _basic_type_mirrors[i] = OopHandle(vm_global(), mirror_oop);
333 }
334 }
335
336 _null_ptr_exception.load_from_cds();
337 _arithmetic_exception.load_from_cds();
338 _internal_error.load_from_cds();
339 _array_index_out_of_bounds_exception.load_from_cds();
340 _array_store_exception.load_from_cds();
341 _class_cast_exception.load_from_cds();
342 _preempted_exception.load_from_cds();
343 }
344 }
345 #endif
346
347 void Universe::serialize(SerializeClosure* f) {
348
349 #if INCLUDE_CDS_JAVA_HEAP
350 for (int i = T_BOOLEAN; i < T_VOID+1; i++) {
351 f->do_int(&_archived_basic_type_mirror_indices[i]);
352 // if f->reading(): We can't call HeapShared::get_root() yet, as the heap
353 // contents may need to be relocated. _basic_type_mirrors[i] will be
354 // updated later in Universe::load_archived_object_instances().
355 }
356 _null_ptr_exception.serialize(f);
357 _arithmetic_exception.serialize(f);
358 _internal_error.serialize(f);
359 _array_index_out_of_bounds_exception.serialize(f);
360 _array_store_exception.serialize(f);
361 _class_cast_exception.serialize(f);
362 _preempted_exception.serialize(f);
363 #endif
364
365 f->do_ptr(&_fillerArrayKlass);
366 for (int i = 0; i < T_LONG+1; i++) {
367 f->do_ptr(&_typeArrayKlasses[i]);
368 }
369
370 f->do_ptr(&_objectArrayKlass);
371 f->do_ptr(&_the_array_interfaces_array);
372 f->do_ptr(&_the_empty_int_array);
373 f->do_ptr(&_the_empty_short_array);
374 f->do_ptr(&_the_empty_method_array);
375 f->do_ptr(&_the_empty_klass_array);
376 f->do_ptr(&_the_empty_instance_klass_array);
377 }
378
379
380 void Universe::check_alignment(uintx size, uintx alignment, const char* name) {
381 if (size < alignment || size % alignment != 0) {
382 vm_exit_during_initialization(
383 err_msg("Size of %s (%zu bytes) must be aligned to %zu bytes", name, size, alignment));
384 }
385 }
386
387 static void initialize_basic_type_klass(Klass* k, TRAPS) {
388 Klass* ok = vmClasses::Object_klass();
389 #if INCLUDE_CDS
390 if (CDSConfig::is_using_archive()) {
391 ClassLoaderData* loader_data = ClassLoaderData::the_null_class_loader_data();
392 assert(k->super() == ok, "u3");
393 if (k->is_instance_klass()) {
394 InstanceKlass::cast(k)->restore_unshareable_info(loader_data, Handle(), nullptr, CHECK);
395 } else {
396 ArrayKlass::cast(k)->restore_unshareable_info(loader_data, Handle(), CHECK);
397 }
398 } else
399 #endif
400 {
401 k->initialize_supers(ok, nullptr, CHECK);
402 }
403 k->append_to_sibling_list();
404 }
405
406 void Universe::genesis(TRAPS) {
407 ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
408 HandleMark hm(THREAD);
409
410 // Explicit null checks are needed if these offsets are not smaller than the page size
411 if (UseCompactObjectHeaders) {
412 assert(oopDesc::mark_offset_in_bytes() < static_cast<intptr_t>(os::vm_page_size()),
413 "Mark offset is expected to be less than the page size");
414 } else {
415 assert(oopDesc::klass_offset_in_bytes() < static_cast<intptr_t>(os::vm_page_size()),
416 "Klass offset is expected to be less than the page size");
417 }
418 assert(arrayOopDesc::length_offset_in_bytes() < static_cast<intptr_t>(os::vm_page_size()),
419 "Array length offset is expected to be less than the page size");
420
421 { AutoModifyRestore<bool> temporarily(_bootstrapping, true);
422
423 java_lang_Class::allocate_fixup_lists();
424
425 // determine base vtable size; without that we cannot create the array klasses
426 compute_base_vtable_size();
427
428 if (!CDSConfig::is_using_archive()) {
429 // Initialization of the fillerArrayKlass must come before regular
430 // int-TypeArrayKlass so that the int-Array mirror points to the
431 // int-TypeArrayKlass.
432 _fillerArrayKlass = TypeArrayKlass::create_klass(T_INT, "[Ljdk/internal/vm/FillerElement;", CHECK);
433 for (int i = T_BOOLEAN; i < T_LONG+1; i++) {
434 _typeArrayKlasses[i] = TypeArrayKlass::create_klass((BasicType)i, CHECK);
435 }
436
437 ClassLoaderData* null_cld = ClassLoaderData::the_null_class_loader_data();
438
439 _the_array_interfaces_array = MetadataFactory::new_array<Klass*>(null_cld, 2, nullptr, CHECK);
440 _the_empty_int_array = MetadataFactory::new_array<int>(null_cld, 0, CHECK);
441 _the_empty_short_array = MetadataFactory::new_array<u2>(null_cld, 0, CHECK);
442 _the_empty_method_array = MetadataFactory::new_array<Method*>(null_cld, 0, CHECK);
443 _the_empty_klass_array = MetadataFactory::new_array<Klass*>(null_cld, 0, CHECK);
444 _the_empty_instance_klass_array = MetadataFactory::new_array<InstanceKlass*>(null_cld, 0, CHECK);
445 }
446
447 vmSymbols::initialize();
448
449 // Initialize table for matching jmethodID, before SystemDictionary.
450 JmethodIDTable::initialize();
451
452 SystemDictionary::initialize(CHECK);
453
454 // Create string constants
455 oop s = StringTable::intern("null", CHECK);
456 _the_null_string = OopHandle(vm_global(), s);
457 s = StringTable::intern("-2147483648", CHECK);
458 _the_min_jint_string = OopHandle(vm_global(), s);
459
460 #if INCLUDE_CDS
461 if (CDSConfig::is_using_archive()) {
462 // Verify shared interfaces array.
463 assert(_the_array_interfaces_array->at(0) ==
464 vmClasses::Cloneable_klass(), "u3");
465 assert(_the_array_interfaces_array->at(1) ==
466 vmClasses::Serializable_klass(), "u3");
467 } else
468 #endif
469 {
470 // Set up shared interfaces array. (Do this before supers are set up.)
471 _the_array_interfaces_array->at_put(0, vmClasses::Cloneable_klass());
472 _the_array_interfaces_array->at_put(1, vmClasses::Serializable_klass());
473 }
474
475 _the_array_interfaces_bitmap = Klass::compute_secondary_supers_bitmap(_the_array_interfaces_array);
476 _the_empty_klass_bitmap = Klass::compute_secondary_supers_bitmap(_the_empty_klass_array);
477
478 initialize_basic_type_klass(_fillerArrayKlass, CHECK);
479
480 initialize_basic_type_klass(boolArrayKlass(), CHECK);
481 initialize_basic_type_klass(charArrayKlass(), CHECK);
482 initialize_basic_type_klass(floatArrayKlass(), CHECK);
483 initialize_basic_type_klass(doubleArrayKlass(), CHECK);
484 initialize_basic_type_klass(byteArrayKlass(), CHECK);
485 initialize_basic_type_klass(shortArrayKlass(), CHECK);
486 initialize_basic_type_klass(intArrayKlass(), CHECK);
487 initialize_basic_type_klass(longArrayKlass(), CHECK);
488
489 assert(_fillerArrayKlass != intArrayKlass(),
490 "Internal filler array klass should be different to int array Klass");
491 } // end of core bootstrapping
492
493 {
494 Handle tns = java_lang_String::create_from_str("<null_sentinel>", CHECK);
495 _the_null_sentinel = OopHandle(vm_global(), tns());
496 }
497
498 // Create a handle for reference_pending_list
499 _reference_pending_list = OopHandle(vm_global(), nullptr);
500
501 // Maybe this could be lifted up now that object array can be initialized
502 // during the bootstrapping.
503
504 // OLD
505 // Initialize _objectArrayKlass after core bootstraping to make
506 // sure the super class is set up properly for _objectArrayKlass.
507 // ---
508 // NEW
509 // Since some of the old system object arrays have been converted to
510 // ordinary object arrays, _objectArrayKlass will be loaded when
511 // SystemDictionary::initialize(CHECK); is run. See the extra check
512 // for Object_klass_is_loaded in ObjArrayKlass::allocate_objArray_klass.
513 {
514 Klass* oak = vmClasses::Object_klass()->array_klass(CHECK);
515 _objectArrayKlass = ObjArrayKlass::cast(oak);
516 }
517 // OLD
518 // Add the class to the class hierarchy manually to make sure that
519 // its vtable is initialized after core bootstrapping is completed.
520 // ---
521 // New
522 // Have already been initialized.
523 _objectArrayKlass->append_to_sibling_list();
524
525 #ifdef ASSERT
526 if (FullGCALot) {
527 // Allocate an array of dummy objects.
528 // We'd like these to be at the bottom of the old generation,
529 // so that when we free one and then collect,
530 // (almost) the whole heap moves
531 // and we find out if we actually update all the oops correctly.
532 // But we can't allocate directly in the old generation,
533 // so we allocate wherever, and hope that the first collection
534 // moves these objects to the bottom of the old generation.
535 int size = FullGCALotDummies * 2;
536
537 objArrayOop naked_array = oopFactory::new_objArray(vmClasses::Object_klass(), size, CHECK);
538 objArrayHandle dummy_array(THREAD, naked_array);
539 int i = 0;
540 while (i < size) {
541 // Allocate dummy in old generation
542 oop dummy = vmClasses::Object_klass()->allocate_instance(CHECK);
543 dummy_array->obj_at_put(i++, dummy);
544 }
545 {
546 // Only modify the global variable inside the mutex.
547 // If we had a race to here, the other dummy_array instances
548 // and their elements just get dropped on the floor, which is fine.
549 MutexLocker ml(THREAD, FullGCALot_lock);
550 if (_fullgc_alot_dummy_array.is_empty()) {
551 _fullgc_alot_dummy_array = OopHandle(vm_global(), dummy_array());
552 }
553 }
554 assert(i == ((objArrayOop)_fullgc_alot_dummy_array.resolve())->length(), "just checking");
555 }
556 #endif
557 }
558
559 void Universe::initialize_basic_type_mirrors(TRAPS) {
560 #if INCLUDE_CDS_JAVA_HEAP
561 if (CDSConfig::is_using_archive() &&
562 ArchiveHeapLoader::is_in_use() &&
563 _basic_type_mirrors[T_INT].resolve() != nullptr) {
564 assert(ArchiveHeapLoader::can_use(), "Sanity");
565
566 // check that all basic type mirrors are mapped also
567 for (int i = T_BOOLEAN; i < T_VOID+1; i++) {
568 if (!is_reference_type((BasicType)i)) {
569 oop m = _basic_type_mirrors[i].resolve();
570 assert(m != nullptr, "archived mirrors should not be null");
571 }
572 }
573 } else
574 // _basic_type_mirrors[T_INT], etc, are null if archived heap is not mapped.
575 #endif
576 {
577 for (int i = T_BOOLEAN; i < T_VOID+1; i++) {
578 BasicType bt = (BasicType)i;
579 if (!is_reference_type(bt)) {
580 oop m = java_lang_Class::create_basic_type_mirror(type2name(bt), bt, CHECK);
581 _basic_type_mirrors[i] = OopHandle(vm_global(), m);
582 }
583 CDS_JAVA_HEAP_ONLY(_archived_basic_type_mirror_indices[i] = -1);
584 }
585 }
586 if (CDSConfig::is_dumping_heap()) {
587 HeapShared::init_scratch_objects_for_basic_type_mirrors(CHECK);
588 }
589 }
590
591 void Universe::fixup_mirrors(TRAPS) {
592 if (CDSConfig::is_using_aot_linked_classes()) {
593 // All mirrors of preloaded classes are already restored. No need to fix up.
594 return;
595 }
596
597 // Bootstrap problem: all classes gets a mirror (java.lang.Class instance) assigned eagerly,
598 // but we cannot do that for classes created before java.lang.Class is loaded. Here we simply
599 // walk over permanent objects created so far (mostly classes) and fixup their mirrors. Note
600 // that the number of objects allocated at this point is very small.
601 assert(vmClasses::Class_klass_is_loaded(), "java.lang.Class should be loaded");
602 HandleMark hm(THREAD);
603
604 if (!CDSConfig::is_using_archive()) {
605 // Cache the start of the static fields
606 InstanceMirrorKlass::init_offset_of_static_fields();
607 }
608
609 GrowableArray <Klass*>* list = java_lang_Class::fixup_mirror_list();
610 int list_length = list->length();
611 for (int i = 0; i < list_length; i++) {
612 Klass* k = list->at(i);
613 assert(k->is_klass(), "List should only hold classes");
614 java_lang_Class::fixup_mirror(k, CATCH);
615 }
616 delete java_lang_Class::fixup_mirror_list();
617 java_lang_Class::set_fixup_mirror_list(nullptr);
618 }
619
620 #define assert_pll_locked(test) \
621 assert(Heap_lock->test(), "Reference pending list access requires lock")
622
623 #define assert_pll_ownership() assert_pll_locked(owned_by_self)
624
625 oop Universe::reference_pending_list() {
626 if (Thread::current()->is_VM_thread()) {
627 assert_pll_locked(is_locked);
628 } else {
629 assert_pll_ownership();
630 }
631 return _reference_pending_list.resolve();
632 }
633
634 void Universe::clear_reference_pending_list() {
635 assert_pll_ownership();
636 _reference_pending_list.replace(nullptr);
637 }
638
639 bool Universe::has_reference_pending_list() {
640 assert_pll_ownership();
641 return _reference_pending_list.peek() != nullptr;
642 }
643
644 oop Universe::swap_reference_pending_list(oop list) {
645 assert_pll_locked(is_locked);
646 return _reference_pending_list.xchg(list);
647 }
648
649 #undef assert_pll_locked
650 #undef assert_pll_ownership
651
652 static void reinitialize_vtables() {
653 // The vtables are initialized by starting at java.lang.Object and
654 // initializing through the subclass links, so that the super
655 // classes are always initialized first.
656 for (ClassHierarchyIterator iter(vmClasses::Object_klass()); !iter.done(); iter.next()) {
657 Klass* sub = iter.klass();
658 sub->vtable().initialize_vtable();
659 }
660 }
661
662 static void reinitialize_itables() {
663
664 class ReinitTableClosure : public KlassClosure {
665 public:
666 void do_klass(Klass* k) {
667 if (k->is_instance_klass()) {
668 InstanceKlass::cast(k)->itable().initialize_itable();
669 }
670 }
671 };
672
673 MutexLocker mcld(ClassLoaderDataGraph_lock);
674 ReinitTableClosure cl;
675 ClassLoaderDataGraph::classes_do(&cl);
676 }
677
678 bool Universe::on_page_boundary(void* addr) {
679 return is_aligned(addr, os::vm_page_size());
680 }
681
682 // the array of preallocated errors with backtraces
683 objArrayOop Universe::preallocated_out_of_memory_errors() {
684 return (objArrayOop)_preallocated_out_of_memory_error_array.resolve();
685 }
686
687 objArrayOop Universe::out_of_memory_errors() { return (objArrayOop)_out_of_memory_errors.resolve(); }
688
689 oop Universe::out_of_memory_error_java_heap() {
690 return gen_out_of_memory_error(out_of_memory_errors()->obj_at(_oom_java_heap));
691 }
692
693 oop Universe::out_of_memory_error_java_heap_without_backtrace() {
694 return out_of_memory_errors()->obj_at(_oom_java_heap);
695 }
696
697 oop Universe::out_of_memory_error_c_heap() {
698 return gen_out_of_memory_error(out_of_memory_errors()->obj_at(_oom_c_heap));
699 }
700
701 oop Universe::out_of_memory_error_metaspace() {
702 return gen_out_of_memory_error(out_of_memory_errors()->obj_at(_oom_metaspace));
703 }
704
705 oop Universe::out_of_memory_error_class_metaspace() {
706 return gen_out_of_memory_error(out_of_memory_errors()->obj_at(_oom_class_metaspace));
707 }
708
709 oop Universe::out_of_memory_error_array_size() {
710 return gen_out_of_memory_error(out_of_memory_errors()->obj_at(_oom_array_size));
711 }
712
713 oop Universe::out_of_memory_error_gc_overhead_limit() {
714 return gen_out_of_memory_error(out_of_memory_errors()->obj_at(_oom_gc_overhead_limit));
715 }
716
717 oop Universe::out_of_memory_error_realloc_objects() {
718 return gen_out_of_memory_error(out_of_memory_errors()->obj_at(_oom_realloc_objects));
719 }
720
721 oop Universe::class_init_out_of_memory_error() { return out_of_memory_errors()->obj_at(_oom_java_heap); }
722 oop Universe::class_init_stack_overflow_error() { return _class_init_stack_overflow_error.resolve(); }
723 oop Universe::delayed_stack_overflow_error_message() { return _delayed_stack_overflow_error_message.resolve(); }
724
725
726 bool Universe::should_fill_in_stack_trace(Handle throwable) {
727 // never attempt to fill in the stack trace of preallocated errors that do not have
728 // backtrace. These errors are kept alive forever and may be "re-used" when all
729 // preallocated errors with backtrace have been consumed. Also need to avoid
730 // a potential loop which could happen if an out of memory occurs when attempting
731 // to allocate the backtrace.
732 objArrayOop preallocated_oom = out_of_memory_errors();
733 for (int i = 0; i < _oom_count; i++) {
734 if (throwable() == preallocated_oom->obj_at(i)) {
735 return false;
736 }
737 }
738 return true;
739 }
740
741
742 oop Universe::gen_out_of_memory_error(oop default_err) {
743 // generate an out of memory error:
744 // - if there is a preallocated error and stack traces are available
745 // (j.l.Throwable is initialized), then return the preallocated
746 // error with a filled in stack trace, and with the message
747 // provided by the default error.
748 // - otherwise, return the default error, without a stack trace.
749 int next;
750 if ((_preallocated_out_of_memory_error_avail_count > 0) &&
751 vmClasses::Throwable_klass()->is_initialized()) {
752 next = (int)AtomicAccess::add(&_preallocated_out_of_memory_error_avail_count, -1);
753 assert(next < (int)PreallocatedOutOfMemoryErrorCount, "avail count is corrupt");
754 } else {
755 next = -1;
756 }
757 if (next < 0) {
758 // all preallocated errors have been used.
759 // return default
760 return default_err;
761 } else {
762 JavaThread* current = JavaThread::current();
763 Handle default_err_h(current, default_err);
764 // get the error object at the slot and set set it to null so that the
765 // array isn't keeping it alive anymore.
766 Handle exc(current, preallocated_out_of_memory_errors()->obj_at(next));
767 assert(exc() != nullptr, "slot has been used already");
768 preallocated_out_of_memory_errors()->obj_at_put(next, nullptr);
769
770 // use the message from the default error
771 oop msg = java_lang_Throwable::message(default_err_h());
772 assert(msg != nullptr, "no message");
773 java_lang_Throwable::set_message(exc(), msg);
774
775 // populate the stack trace and return it.
776 java_lang_Throwable::fill_in_stack_trace_of_preallocated_backtrace(exc);
777 return exc();
778 }
779 }
780
781 bool Universe::is_out_of_memory_error_metaspace(oop ex_obj) {
782 return java_lang_Throwable::message(ex_obj) == _msg_metaspace.resolve();
783 }
784
785 bool Universe::is_out_of_memory_error_class_metaspace(oop ex_obj) {
786 return java_lang_Throwable::message(ex_obj) == _msg_class_metaspace.resolve();
787 }
788
789 // Setup preallocated OutOfMemoryError errors
790 void Universe::create_preallocated_out_of_memory_errors(TRAPS) {
791 InstanceKlass* ik = vmClasses::OutOfMemoryError_klass();
792 objArrayOop oa = oopFactory::new_objArray(ik, _oom_count, CHECK);
793 objArrayHandle oom_array(THREAD, oa);
794
795 for (int i = 0; i < _oom_count; i++) {
796 oop oom_obj = ik->allocate_instance(CHECK);
797 oom_array->obj_at_put(i, oom_obj);
798 }
799 _out_of_memory_errors = OopHandle(vm_global(), oom_array());
800
801 Handle msg = java_lang_String::create_from_str("Java heap space", CHECK);
802 java_lang_Throwable::set_message(oom_array->obj_at(_oom_java_heap), msg());
803
804 msg = java_lang_String::create_from_str("C heap space", CHECK);
805 java_lang_Throwable::set_message(oom_array->obj_at(_oom_c_heap), msg());
806
807 msg = java_lang_String::create_from_str("Metaspace", CHECK);
808 _msg_metaspace = OopHandle(vm_global(), msg());
809 java_lang_Throwable::set_message(oom_array->obj_at(_oom_metaspace), msg());
810
811 msg = java_lang_String::create_from_str("Compressed class space", CHECK);
812 _msg_class_metaspace = OopHandle(vm_global(), msg());
813 java_lang_Throwable::set_message(oom_array->obj_at(_oom_class_metaspace), msg());
814
815 msg = java_lang_String::create_from_str("Requested array size exceeds VM limit", CHECK);
816 java_lang_Throwable::set_message(oom_array->obj_at(_oom_array_size), msg());
817
818 msg = java_lang_String::create_from_str("GC overhead limit exceeded", CHECK);
819 java_lang_Throwable::set_message(oom_array->obj_at(_oom_gc_overhead_limit), msg());
820
821 msg = java_lang_String::create_from_str("Java heap space: failed reallocation of scalar replaced objects", CHECK);
822 java_lang_Throwable::set_message(oom_array->obj_at(_oom_realloc_objects), msg());
823
824 // Setup the array of errors that have preallocated backtrace
825 int len = (StackTraceInThrowable) ? (int)PreallocatedOutOfMemoryErrorCount : 0;
826 objArrayOop instance = oopFactory::new_objArray(ik, len, CHECK);
827 _preallocated_out_of_memory_error_array = OopHandle(vm_global(), instance);
828 objArrayHandle preallocated_oom_array(THREAD, instance);
829
830 for (int i=0; i<len; i++) {
831 oop err = ik->allocate_instance(CHECK);
832 Handle err_h(THREAD, err);
833 java_lang_Throwable::allocate_backtrace(err_h, CHECK);
834 preallocated_oom_array->obj_at_put(i, err_h());
835 }
836 _preallocated_out_of_memory_error_avail_count = (jint)len;
837 }
838
839 intptr_t Universe::_non_oop_bits = 0;
840
841 void* Universe::non_oop_word() {
842 // Neither the high bits nor the low bits of this value is allowed
843 // to look like (respectively) the high or low bits of a real oop.
844 //
845 // High and low are CPU-specific notions, but low always includes
846 // the low-order bit. Since oops are always aligned at least mod 4,
847 // setting the low-order bit will ensure that the low half of the
848 // word will never look like that of a real oop.
849 //
850 // Using the OS-supplied non-memory-address word (usually 0 or -1)
851 // will take care of the high bits, however many there are.
852
853 if (_non_oop_bits == 0) {
854 _non_oop_bits = (intptr_t)os::non_memory_address_word() | 1;
855 }
856
857 return (void*)_non_oop_bits;
858 }
859
860 bool Universe::contains_non_oop_word(void* p) {
861 return *(void**)p == non_oop_word();
862 }
863
864 static void initialize_global_behaviours() {
865 DefaultICProtectionBehaviour* protection_behavior = new DefaultICProtectionBehaviour();
866 // Ignore leak of DefaultICProtectionBehaviour. It is overriden by some GC implementations and the
867 // pointer is leaked once.
868 LSAN_IGNORE_OBJECT(protection_behavior);
869 CompiledICProtectionBehaviour::set_current(protection_behavior);
870 }
871
872 jint universe_init() {
873 assert(!Universe::_fully_initialized, "called after initialize_vtables");
874 guarantee(1 << LogHeapWordSize == sizeof(HeapWord),
875 "LogHeapWordSize is incorrect.");
876 guarantee(sizeof(oop) >= sizeof(HeapWord), "HeapWord larger than oop?");
877 guarantee(sizeof(oop) % sizeof(HeapWord) == 0,
878 "oop size is not not a multiple of HeapWord size");
879
880 TraceTime timer("Genesis", TRACETIME_LOG(Info, startuptime));
881
882 initialize_global_behaviours();
883
884 GCLogPrecious::initialize();
885
886 // Initialize CPUTimeCounters object, which must be done before creation of the heap.
887 CPUTimeCounters::initialize();
888
889 ObjLayout::initialize();
890
891 #ifdef _LP64
892 AOTMetaspace::adjust_heap_sizes_for_dumping();
893 #endif // _LP64
894
895 GCConfig::arguments()->initialize_heap_sizes();
896
897 jint status = Universe::initialize_heap();
898 if (status != JNI_OK) {
899 return status;
900 }
901
902 Universe::initialize_tlab();
903
904 Metaspace::global_initialize();
905
906 // Initialize performance counters for metaspaces
907 MetaspaceCounters::initialize_performance_counters();
908
909 // Checks 'AfterMemoryInit' constraints.
910 if (!JVMFlagLimit::check_all_constraints(JVMFlagConstraintPhase::AfterMemoryInit)) {
911 return JNI_EINVAL;
912 }
913
914 #if INCLUDE_CDS
915 if (CDSConfig::is_using_archive()) {
916 // Read the data structures supporting the shared spaces (shared
917 // system dictionary, symbol table, etc.)
918 AOTMetaspace::initialize_shared_spaces();
919 }
920 #endif
921
922 ClassLoaderData::init_null_class_loader_data();
923
924 #if INCLUDE_CDS
925 #if INCLUDE_CDS_JAVA_HEAP
926 if (CDSConfig::is_using_full_module_graph()) {
927 ClassLoaderDataShared::restore_archived_entries_for_null_class_loader_data();
928 }
929 #endif // INCLUDE_CDS_JAVA_HEAP
930 if (CDSConfig::is_dumping_archive()) {
931 CDSConfig::prepare_for_dumping();
932 }
933 #endif
934
935 SymbolTable::create_table();
936 StringTable::create_table();
937
938 if (strlen(VerifySubSet) > 0) {
939 Universe::initialize_verify_flags();
940 }
941
942 ResolvedMethodTable::create_table();
943
944 return JNI_OK;
945 }
946
947 jint Universe::initialize_heap() {
948 assert(_collectedHeap == nullptr, "Heap already created");
949 _collectedHeap = GCConfig::arguments()->create_heap();
950
951 log_info(gc)("Using %s", _collectedHeap->name());
952 return _collectedHeap->initialize();
953 }
954
955 void Universe::initialize_tlab() {
956 ThreadLocalAllocBuffer::set_max_size(Universe::heap()->max_tlab_size());
957 PLAB::startup_initialization();
958 if (UseTLAB) {
959 ThreadLocalAllocBuffer::startup_initialization();
960 }
961 }
962
963 ReservedHeapSpace Universe::reserve_heap(size_t heap_size, size_t alignment) {
964
965 assert(alignment <= Arguments::conservative_max_heap_alignment(),
966 "actual alignment %zu must be within maximum heap alignment %zu",
967 alignment, Arguments::conservative_max_heap_alignment());
968 assert(is_aligned(heap_size, alignment), "precondition");
969
970 size_t total_reserved = heap_size;
971 assert(!UseCompressedOops || (total_reserved <= (OopEncodingHeapMax - os::vm_page_size())),
972 "heap size is too big for compressed oops");
973
974 size_t page_size = os::vm_page_size();
975 if (UseLargePages && is_aligned(alignment, os::large_page_size())) {
976 page_size = os::large_page_size();
977 } else {
978 // Parallel is the only collector that might opt out of using large pages
979 // for the heap.
980 assert(!UseLargePages || UseParallelGC , "Wrong alignment to use large pages");
981 }
982
983 // Now create the space.
984 ReservedHeapSpace rhs = HeapReserver::reserve(total_reserved, alignment, page_size, AllocateHeapAt);
985
986 if (!rhs.is_reserved()) {
987 vm_exit_during_initialization(
988 err_msg("Could not reserve enough space for %zu KB object heap",
989 total_reserved/K));
990 }
991
992 assert(total_reserved == rhs.size(), "must be exactly of required size");
993 assert(is_aligned(rhs.base(),alignment),"must be exactly of required alignment");
994
995 assert(markWord::encode_pointer_as_mark(rhs.base()).decode_pointer() == rhs.base(),
996 "area must be distinguishable from marks for mark-sweep");
997 assert(markWord::encode_pointer_as_mark(&rhs.base()[rhs.size()]).decode_pointer() ==
998 &rhs.base()[rhs.size()],
999 "area must be distinguishable from marks for mark-sweep");
1000
1001 // We are good.
1002
1003 if (AllocateHeapAt != nullptr) {
1004 log_info(gc,heap)("Successfully allocated Java heap at location %s", AllocateHeapAt);
1005 }
1006
1007 if (UseCompressedOops) {
1008 CompressedOops::initialize(rhs);
1009 }
1010
1011 Universe::calculate_verify_data((HeapWord*)rhs.base(), (HeapWord*)rhs.end());
1012
1013 return rhs;
1014 }
1015
1016 OopStorage* Universe::vm_weak() {
1017 return Universe::_vm_weak;
1018 }
1019
1020 OopStorage* Universe::vm_global() {
1021 return Universe::_vm_global;
1022 }
1023
1024 void Universe::oopstorage_init() {
1025 Universe::_vm_global = OopStorageSet::create_strong("VM Global", mtInternal);
1026 Universe::_vm_weak = OopStorageSet::create_weak("VM Weak", mtInternal);
1027 }
1028
1029 void universe_oopstorage_init() {
1030 Universe::oopstorage_init();
1031 }
1032
1033 void LatestMethodCache::init(JavaThread* current, InstanceKlass* ik,
1034 const char* method, Symbol* signature, bool is_static)
1035 {
1036 TempNewSymbol name = SymbolTable::new_symbol(method);
1037 Method* m = nullptr;
1038 // The klass must be linked before looking up the method.
1039 if (!ik->link_class_or_fail(current) ||
1040 ((m = ik->find_method(name, signature)) == nullptr) ||
1041 is_static != m->is_static()) {
1042 ResourceMark rm(current);
1043 // NoSuchMethodException doesn't actually work because it tries to run the
1044 // <init> function before java_lang_Class is linked. Print error and exit.
1045 vm_exit_during_initialization(err_msg("Unable to link/verify %s.%s method",
1046 ik->name()->as_C_string(), method));
1047 }
1048
1049 _klass = ik;
1050 _method_idnum = m->method_idnum();
1051 assert(_method_idnum >= 0, "sanity check");
1052 }
1053
1054 Method* LatestMethodCache::get_method() {
1055 if (_klass == nullptr) {
1056 return nullptr;
1057 } else {
1058 Method* m = _klass->method_with_idnum(_method_idnum);
1059 assert(m != nullptr, "sanity check");
1060 return m;
1061 }
1062 }
1063
1064 Method* Universe::finalizer_register_method() { return _finalizer_register_cache.get_method(); }
1065 Method* Universe::loader_addClass_method() { return _loader_addClass_cache.get_method(); }
1066 Method* Universe::throw_illegal_access_error() { return _throw_illegal_access_error_cache.get_method(); }
1067 Method* Universe::throw_no_such_method_error() { return _throw_no_such_method_error_cache.get_method(); }
1068 Method* Universe::do_stack_walk_method() { return _do_stack_walk_cache.get_method(); }
1069
1070 void Universe::initialize_known_methods(JavaThread* current) {
1071 // Set up static method for registering finalizers
1072 _finalizer_register_cache.init(current,
1073 vmClasses::Finalizer_klass(),
1074 "register",
1075 vmSymbols::object_void_signature(), true);
1076
1077 _throw_illegal_access_error_cache.init(current,
1078 vmClasses::internal_Unsafe_klass(),
1079 "throwIllegalAccessError",
1080 vmSymbols::void_method_signature(), true);
1081
1082 _throw_no_such_method_error_cache.init(current,
1083 vmClasses::internal_Unsafe_klass(),
1084 "throwNoSuchMethodError",
1085 vmSymbols::void_method_signature(), true);
1086
1087 // Set up method for registering loaded classes in class loader vector
1088 _loader_addClass_cache.init(current,
1089 vmClasses::ClassLoader_klass(),
1090 "addClass",
1091 vmSymbols::class_void_signature(), false);
1092
1093 // Set up method for stack walking
1094 _do_stack_walk_cache.init(current,
1095 vmClasses::AbstractStackWalker_klass(),
1096 "doStackWalk",
1097 vmSymbols::doStackWalk_signature(), false);
1098 }
1099
1100 void universe2_init() {
1101 EXCEPTION_MARK;
1102 Universe::genesis(CATCH);
1103 }
1104
1105 // Set after initialization of the module runtime, call_initModuleRuntime
1106 void universe_post_module_init() {
1107 Universe::_module_initialized = true;
1108 }
1109
1110 bool universe_post_init() {
1111 assert(!is_init_completed(), "Error: initialization not yet completed!");
1112 Universe::_fully_initialized = true;
1113 EXCEPTION_MARK;
1114 if (!CDSConfig::is_using_archive()) {
1115 reinitialize_vtables();
1116 reinitialize_itables();
1117 }
1118
1119 HandleMark hm(THREAD);
1120 // Setup preallocated empty java.lang.Class array for Method reflection.
1121
1122 objArrayOop the_empty_class_array = oopFactory::new_objArray(vmClasses::Class_klass(), 0, CHECK_false);
1123 Universe::_the_empty_class_array = OopHandle(Universe::vm_global(), the_empty_class_array);
1124
1125 // Setup preallocated OutOfMemoryError errors
1126 Universe::create_preallocated_out_of_memory_errors(CHECK_false);
1127
1128 oop instance;
1129 // Setup preallocated cause message for delayed StackOverflowError
1130 if (StackReservedPages > 0) {
1131 instance = java_lang_String::create_oop_from_str("Delayed StackOverflowError due to ReservedStackAccess annotated method", CHECK_false);
1132 Universe::_delayed_stack_overflow_error_message = OopHandle(Universe::vm_global(), instance);
1133 }
1134
1135 // Setup preallocated exceptions used for a cheap & dirty solution in compiler exception handling
1136 _null_ptr_exception.init_if_empty(vmSymbols::java_lang_NullPointerException(), CHECK_false);
1137 _arithmetic_exception.init_if_empty(vmSymbols::java_lang_ArithmeticException(), CHECK_false);
1138 _array_index_out_of_bounds_exception.init_if_empty(vmSymbols::java_lang_ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException(), CHECK_false);
1139 _array_store_exception.init_if_empty(vmSymbols::java_lang_ArrayStoreException(), CHECK_false);
1140 _class_cast_exception.init_if_empty(vmSymbols::java_lang_ClassCastException(), CHECK_false);
1141 _preempted_exception.init_if_empty(vmSymbols::jdk_internal_vm_PreemptedException(), CHECK_false);
1142
1143 // Virtual Machine Error for when we get into a situation we can't resolve
1144 Klass* k = vmClasses::InternalError_klass();
1145 bool linked = InstanceKlass::cast(k)->link_class_or_fail(CHECK_false);
1146 if (!linked) {
1147 tty->print_cr("Unable to link/verify InternalError class");
1148 return false; // initialization failed
1149 }
1150 _internal_error.init_if_empty(vmSymbols::java_lang_InternalError(), CHECK_false);
1151
1152 Handle msg = java_lang_String::create_from_str("/ by zero", CHECK_false);
1153 java_lang_Throwable::set_message(Universe::arithmetic_exception_instance(), msg());
1154
1155 // Setup preallocated StackOverflowError for use with class initialization failure
1156 k = SystemDictionary::resolve_or_fail(vmSymbols::java_lang_StackOverflowError(), true, CHECK_false);
1157 instance = InstanceKlass::cast(k)->allocate_instance(CHECK_false);
1158 Universe::_class_init_stack_overflow_error = OopHandle(Universe::vm_global(), instance);
1159
1160 Universe::initialize_known_methods(THREAD);
1161
1162 // This needs to be done before the first scavenge/gc, since
1163 // it's an input to soft ref clearing policy.
1164 {
1165 MutexLocker x(THREAD, Heap_lock);
1166 Universe::heap()->update_capacity_and_used_at_gc();
1167 }
1168
1169 // ("weak") refs processing infrastructure initialization
1170 Universe::heap()->post_initialize();
1171
1172 MemoryService::add_metaspace_memory_pools();
1173
1174 MemoryService::set_universe_heap(Universe::heap());
1175 #if INCLUDE_CDS
1176 AOTMetaspace::post_initialize(CHECK_false);
1177 #endif
1178 return true;
1179 }
1180
1181
1182 void Universe::compute_base_vtable_size() {
1183 _base_vtable_size = ClassLoader::compute_Object_vtable();
1184 }
1185
1186 void Universe::print_on(outputStream* st) {
1187 GCMutexLocker hl(Heap_lock); // Heap_lock might be locked by caller thread.
1188 st->print_cr("Heap");
1189
1190 StreamIndentor si(st, 1);
1191 heap()->print_heap_on(st);
1192 MetaspaceUtils::print_on(st);
1193 }
1194
1195 void Universe::print_heap_at_SIGBREAK() {
1196 if (PrintHeapAtSIGBREAK) {
1197 print_on(tty);
1198 tty->cr();
1199 tty->flush();
1200 }
1201 }
1202
1203 void Universe::initialize_verify_flags() {
1204 verify_flags = 0;
1205 const char delimiter[] = " ,";
1206
1207 size_t length = strlen(VerifySubSet);
1208 char* subset_list = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, length + 1, mtInternal);
1209 strncpy(subset_list, VerifySubSet, length + 1);
1210 char* save_ptr;
1211
1212 char* token = strtok_r(subset_list, delimiter, &save_ptr);
1213 while (token != nullptr) {
1214 if (strcmp(token, "threads") == 0) {
1215 verify_flags |= Verify_Threads;
1216 } else if (strcmp(token, "heap") == 0) {
1217 verify_flags |= Verify_Heap;
1218 } else if (strcmp(token, "symbol_table") == 0) {
1219 verify_flags |= Verify_SymbolTable;
1220 } else if (strcmp(token, "string_table") == 0) {
1221 verify_flags |= Verify_StringTable;
1222 } else if (strcmp(token, "codecache") == 0) {
1223 verify_flags |= Verify_CodeCache;
1224 } else if (strcmp(token, "dictionary") == 0) {
1225 verify_flags |= Verify_SystemDictionary;
1226 } else if (strcmp(token, "classloader_data_graph") == 0) {
1227 verify_flags |= Verify_ClassLoaderDataGraph;
1228 } else if (strcmp(token, "metaspace") == 0) {
1229 verify_flags |= Verify_MetaspaceUtils;
1230 } else if (strcmp(token, "jni_handles") == 0) {
1231 verify_flags |= Verify_JNIHandles;
1232 } else if (strcmp(token, "codecache_oops") == 0) {
1233 verify_flags |= Verify_CodeCacheOops;
1234 } else if (strcmp(token, "resolved_method_table") == 0) {
1235 verify_flags |= Verify_ResolvedMethodTable;
1236 } else if (strcmp(token, "stringdedup") == 0) {
1237 verify_flags |= Verify_StringDedup;
1238 } else {
1239 vm_exit_during_initialization(err_msg("VerifySubSet: \'%s\' memory sub-system is unknown, please correct it", token));
1240 }
1241 token = strtok_r(nullptr, delimiter, &save_ptr);
1242 }
1243 FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, subset_list);
1244 }
1245
1246 bool Universe::should_verify_subset(uint subset) {
1247 if (verify_flags & subset) {
1248 return true;
1249 }
1250 return false;
1251 }
1252
1253 void Universe::verify(VerifyOption option, const char* prefix) {
1254 COMPILER2_PRESENT(
1255 assert(!DerivedPointerTable::is_active(),
1256 "DPT should not be active during verification "
1257 "(of thread stacks below)");
1258 )
1259
1260 Thread* thread = Thread::current();
1261 ResourceMark rm(thread);
1262 HandleMark hm(thread); // Handles created during verification can be zapped
1263 _verify_count++;
1264
1265 FormatBuffer<> title("Verifying %s", prefix);
1266 GCTraceTime(Info, gc, verify) tm(title.buffer());
1267 if (should_verify_subset(Verify_Threads)) {
1268 log_debug(gc, verify)("Threads");
1269 Threads::verify();
1270 }
1271 if (should_verify_subset(Verify_Heap)) {
1272 log_debug(gc, verify)("Heap");
1273 heap()->verify(option);
1274 }
1275 if (should_verify_subset(Verify_SymbolTable)) {
1276 log_debug(gc, verify)("SymbolTable");
1277 SymbolTable::verify();
1278 }
1279 if (should_verify_subset(Verify_StringTable)) {
1280 log_debug(gc, verify)("StringTable");
1281 StringTable::verify();
1282 }
1283 if (should_verify_subset(Verify_CodeCache)) {
1284 log_debug(gc, verify)("CodeCache");
1285 CodeCache::verify();
1286 }
1287 if (should_verify_subset(Verify_SystemDictionary)) {
1288 log_debug(gc, verify)("SystemDictionary");
1289 SystemDictionary::verify();
1290 }
1291 if (should_verify_subset(Verify_ClassLoaderDataGraph)) {
1292 log_debug(gc, verify)("ClassLoaderDataGraph");
1293 ClassLoaderDataGraph::verify();
1294 }
1295 if (should_verify_subset(Verify_MetaspaceUtils)) {
1296 log_debug(gc, verify)("MetaspaceUtils");
1297 DEBUG_ONLY(MetaspaceUtils::verify();)
1298 }
1299 if (should_verify_subset(Verify_JNIHandles)) {
1300 log_debug(gc, verify)("JNIHandles");
1301 JNIHandles::verify();
1302 }
1303 if (should_verify_subset(Verify_CodeCacheOops)) {
1304 log_debug(gc, verify)("CodeCache Oops");
1305 CodeCache::verify_oops();
1306 }
1307 if (should_verify_subset(Verify_ResolvedMethodTable)) {
1308 log_debug(gc, verify)("ResolvedMethodTable Oops");
1309 ResolvedMethodTable::verify();
1310 }
1311 if (should_verify_subset(Verify_StringDedup)) {
1312 log_debug(gc, verify)("String Deduplication");
1313 StringDedup::verify();
1314 }
1315 }
1316
1317 static void log_cpu_time() {
1318 LogTarget(Info, cpu) cpuLog;
1319 if (!cpuLog.is_enabled()) {
1320 return;
1321 }
1322
1323 const double process_cpu_time = os::elapsed_process_cpu_time();
1324 if (process_cpu_time == 0 || process_cpu_time == -1) {
1325 // 0 can happen e.g. for short running processes with
1326 // low CPU utilization
1327 return;
1328 }
1329
1330 const double gc_threads_cpu_time = (double) CPUTimeUsage::GC::gc_threads() / NANOSECS_PER_SEC;
1331 const double gc_vm_thread_cpu_time = (double) CPUTimeUsage::GC::vm_thread() / NANOSECS_PER_SEC;
1332 const double gc_string_dedup_cpu_time = (double) CPUTimeUsage::GC::stringdedup() / NANOSECS_PER_SEC;
1333 const double gc_cpu_time = (double) gc_threads_cpu_time + gc_vm_thread_cpu_time + gc_string_dedup_cpu_time;
1334
1335 const double elasped_time = os::elapsedTime();
1336 const bool has_error = CPUTimeUsage::Error::has_error();
1337
1338 if (gc_cpu_time < process_cpu_time) {
1339 cpuLog.print("=== CPU time Statistics =============================================================");
1340 if (has_error) {
1341 cpuLog.print("WARNING: CPU time sampling reported errors, numbers may be unreliable");
1342 }
1343 cpuLog.print(" CPUs");
1344 cpuLog.print(" s %% utilized");
1345 cpuLog.print(" Process");
1346 cpuLog.print(" Total %30.4f %6.2f %8.1f", process_cpu_time, 100.0, process_cpu_time / elasped_time);
1347 cpuLog.print(" Garbage Collection %30.4f %6.2f %8.1f", gc_cpu_time, percent_of(gc_cpu_time, process_cpu_time), gc_cpu_time / elasped_time);
1348 cpuLog.print(" GC Threads %30.4f %6.2f %8.1f", gc_threads_cpu_time, percent_of(gc_threads_cpu_time, process_cpu_time), gc_threads_cpu_time / elasped_time);
1349 cpuLog.print(" VM Thread %30.4f %6.2f %8.1f", gc_vm_thread_cpu_time, percent_of(gc_vm_thread_cpu_time, process_cpu_time), gc_vm_thread_cpu_time / elasped_time);
1350
1351 if (UseStringDeduplication) {
1352 cpuLog.print(" String Deduplication %30.4f %6.2f %8.1f", gc_string_dedup_cpu_time, percent_of(gc_string_dedup_cpu_time, process_cpu_time), gc_string_dedup_cpu_time / elasped_time);
1353 }
1354 cpuLog.print("=====================================================================================");
1355 }
1356 }
1357
1358 void Universe::before_exit() {
1359 {
1360 // Acquire the Heap_lock to synchronize with VM_Heap_Sync_Operations,
1361 // which may depend on the value of _is_shutting_down flag.
1362 MutexLocker hl(Heap_lock);
1363 log_cpu_time();
1364 AtomicAccess::release_store(&_is_shutting_down, true);
1365 }
1366
1367 heap()->before_exit();
1368
1369 // Print GC/heap related information.
1370 Log(gc, exit) log;
1371 if (log.is_info()) {
1372 LogStream ls_info(log.info());
1373 Universe::print_on(&ls_info);
1374 if (log.is_trace()) {
1375 LogStream ls_trace(log.trace());
1376 MutexLocker mcld(ClassLoaderDataGraph_lock);
1377 ClassLoaderDataGraph::print_on(&ls_trace);
1378 }
1379 }
1380 }
1381
1382 #ifndef PRODUCT
1383 void Universe::calculate_verify_data(HeapWord* low_boundary, HeapWord* high_boundary) {
1384 assert(low_boundary < high_boundary, "bad interval");
1385
1386 // decide which low-order bits we require to be clear:
1387 size_t alignSize = MinObjAlignmentInBytes;
1388 size_t min_object_size = CollectedHeap::min_fill_size();
1389
1390 // make an inclusive limit:
1391 uintptr_t max = (uintptr_t)high_boundary - min_object_size*wordSize;
1392 uintptr_t min = (uintptr_t)low_boundary;
1393 assert(min < max, "bad interval");
1394 uintptr_t diff = max ^ min;
1395
1396 // throw away enough low-order bits to make the diff vanish
1397 uintptr_t mask = (uintptr_t)(-1);
1398 while ((mask & diff) != 0)
1399 mask <<= 1;
1400 uintptr_t bits = (min & mask);
1401 assert(bits == (max & mask), "correct mask");
1402 // check an intermediate value between min and max, just to make sure:
1403 assert(bits == ((min + (max-min)/2) & mask), "correct mask");
1404
1405 // require address alignment, too:
1406 mask |= (alignSize - 1);
1407
1408 if (!(_verify_oop_mask == 0 && _verify_oop_bits == (uintptr_t)-1)) {
1409 assert(_verify_oop_mask == mask && _verify_oop_bits == bits, "mask stability");
1410 }
1411 _verify_oop_mask = mask;
1412 _verify_oop_bits = bits;
1413 }
1414
1415 void Universe::set_verify_data(uintptr_t mask, uintptr_t bits) {
1416 _verify_oop_mask = mask;
1417 _verify_oop_bits = bits;
1418 }
1419
1420 // Oop verification (see MacroAssembler::verify_oop)
1421
1422 uintptr_t Universe::verify_oop_mask() {
1423 return _verify_oop_mask;
1424 }
1425
1426 uintptr_t Universe::verify_oop_bits() {
1427 return _verify_oop_bits;
1428 }
1429
1430 uintptr_t Universe::verify_mark_mask() {
1431 return markWord::lock_mask_in_place;
1432 }
1433
1434 uintptr_t Universe::verify_mark_bits() {
1435 intptr_t mask = verify_mark_mask();
1436 intptr_t bits = (intptr_t)markWord::prototype().value();
1437 assert((bits & ~mask) == 0, "no stray header bits");
1438 return bits;
1439 }
1440 #endif // PRODUCT
1441
1442 #ifdef ASSERT
1443 // Release dummy object(s) at bottom of heap
1444 bool Universe::release_fullgc_alot_dummy() {
1445 MutexLocker ml(FullGCALot_lock);
1446 objArrayOop fullgc_alot_dummy_array = (objArrayOop)_fullgc_alot_dummy_array.resolve();
1447 if (fullgc_alot_dummy_array != nullptr) {
1448 if (_fullgc_alot_dummy_next >= fullgc_alot_dummy_array->length()) {
1449 // No more dummies to release, release entire array instead
1450 _fullgc_alot_dummy_array.release(Universe::vm_global());
1451 _fullgc_alot_dummy_array = OopHandle(); // null out OopStorage pointer.
1452 return false;
1453 }
1454
1455 // Release dummy at bottom of old generation
1456 fullgc_alot_dummy_array->obj_at_put(_fullgc_alot_dummy_next++, nullptr);
1457 }
1458 return true;
1459 }
1460
1461 bool Universe::is_stw_gc_active() {
1462 return heap()->is_stw_gc_active();
1463 }
1464
1465 bool Universe::is_in_heap(const void* p) {
1466 return heap()->is_in(p);
1467 }
1468
1469 #endif // ASSERT