1 /*
   2  * Copyright (c) 1997, 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
   3  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
   4  *
   5  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
   6  * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
   7  * published by the Free Software Foundation.
   8  *
   9  * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
  10  * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
  11  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
  12  * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
  13  * accompanied this code).
  14  *
  15  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
  16  * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
  17  * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
  18  *
  19  * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
  20  * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
  21  * questions.
  22  *
  23  */
  24 #include "precompiled.hpp"
  25 #include "classfile/classFileParser.hpp"
  26 #include "classfile/classFileStream.hpp"
  27 #include "classfile/classLoader.hpp"
  28 #include "classfile/classLoaderData.inline.hpp"
  29 #include "classfile/classLoadInfo.hpp"
  30 #include "classfile/defaultMethods.hpp"
  31 #include "classfile/fieldLayoutBuilder.hpp"
  32 #include "classfile/javaClasses.inline.hpp"
  33 #include "classfile/moduleEntry.hpp"
  34 #include "classfile/packageEntry.hpp"
  35 #include "classfile/symbolTable.hpp"
  36 #include "classfile/systemDictionary.hpp"
  37 #include "classfile/verificationType.hpp"
  38 #include "classfile/verifier.hpp"
  39 #include "classfile/vmClasses.hpp"
  40 #include "classfile/vmSymbols.hpp"
  41 #include "jvm.h"
  42 #include "logging/log.hpp"
  43 #include "logging/logStream.hpp"
  44 #include "memory/allocation.hpp"
  45 #include "memory/metadataFactory.hpp"
  46 #include "memory/oopFactory.hpp"
  47 #include "memory/resourceArea.hpp"
  48 #include "memory/universe.hpp"
  49 #include "oops/annotations.hpp"
  50 #include "oops/constantPool.inline.hpp"
  51 #include "oops/fieldStreams.inline.hpp"
  52 #include "oops/instanceKlass.inline.hpp"
  53 #include "oops/instanceMirrorKlass.hpp"
  54 #include "oops/klass.inline.hpp"
  55 #include "oops/klassVtable.hpp"
  56 #include "oops/metadata.hpp"
  57 #include "oops/method.inline.hpp"
  58 #include "oops/oop.inline.hpp"
  59 #include "oops/recordComponent.hpp"
  60 #include "oops/symbol.hpp"
  61 #include "prims/jvmtiExport.hpp"
  62 #include "prims/jvmtiThreadState.hpp"
  63 #include "runtime/arguments.hpp"
  64 #include "runtime/fieldDescriptor.inline.hpp"
  65 #include "runtime/handles.inline.hpp"
  66 #include "runtime/javaCalls.hpp"
  67 #include "runtime/os.hpp"
  68 #include "runtime/perfData.hpp"
  69 #include "runtime/reflection.hpp"
  70 #include "runtime/safepointVerifiers.hpp"
  71 #include "runtime/signature.hpp"
  72 #include "runtime/timer.hpp"
  73 #include "services/classLoadingService.hpp"
  74 #include "services/threadService.hpp"
  75 #include "utilities/align.hpp"
  76 #include "utilities/bitMap.inline.hpp"
  77 #include "utilities/copy.hpp"
  78 #include "utilities/formatBuffer.hpp"
  79 #include "utilities/exceptions.hpp"
  80 #include "utilities/globalDefinitions.hpp"
  81 #include "utilities/growableArray.hpp"
  82 #include "utilities/macros.hpp"
  83 #include "utilities/ostream.hpp"
  84 #include "utilities/resourceHash.hpp"
  85 #include "utilities/utf8.hpp"
  86 #if INCLUDE_CDS
  87 #include "classfile/systemDictionaryShared.hpp"
  88 #endif
  89 #if INCLUDE_JFR
  90 #include "jfr/support/jfrTraceIdExtension.hpp"
  91 #endif
  92 
  93 // We generally try to create the oops directly when parsing, rather than
  94 // allocating temporary data structures and copying the bytes twice. A
  95 // temporary area is only needed when parsing utf8 entries in the constant
  96 // pool and when parsing line number tables.
  97 
  98 // We add assert in debug mode when class format is not checked.
  99 
 100 #define JAVA_CLASSFILE_MAGIC              0xCAFEBABE
 101 #define JAVA_MIN_SUPPORTED_VERSION        45
 102 #define JAVA_PREVIEW_MINOR_VERSION        65535
 103 
 104 // Used for two backward compatibility reasons:
 105 // - to check for new additions to the class file format in JDK1.5
 106 // - to check for bug fixes in the format checker in JDK1.5
 107 #define JAVA_1_5_VERSION                  49
 108 
 109 // Used for backward compatibility reasons:
 110 // - to check for javac bug fixes that happened after 1.5
 111 // - also used as the max version when running in jdk6
 112 #define JAVA_6_VERSION                    50
 113 
 114 // Used for backward compatibility reasons:
 115 // - to disallow argument and require ACC_STATIC for <clinit> methods
 116 #define JAVA_7_VERSION                    51
 117 
 118 // Extension method support.
 119 #define JAVA_8_VERSION                    52
 120 
 121 #define JAVA_9_VERSION                    53
 122 
 123 #define JAVA_10_VERSION                   54
 124 
 125 #define JAVA_11_VERSION                   55
 126 
 127 #define JAVA_12_VERSION                   56
 128 
 129 #define JAVA_13_VERSION                   57
 130 
 131 #define JAVA_14_VERSION                   58
 132 
 133 #define JAVA_15_VERSION                   59
 134 
 135 #define JAVA_16_VERSION                   60
 136 
 137 #define JAVA_17_VERSION                   61
 138 
 139 #define JAVA_18_VERSION                   62
 140 
 141 #define JAVA_19_VERSION                   63
 142 
 143 #define JAVA_20_VERSION                   64
 144 
 145 #define JAVA_21_VERSION                   65
 146 
 147 void ClassFileParser::set_class_bad_constant_seen(short bad_constant) {
 148   assert((bad_constant == JVM_CONSTANT_Module ||
 149           bad_constant == JVM_CONSTANT_Package) && _major_version >= JAVA_9_VERSION,
 150          "Unexpected bad constant pool entry");
 151   if (_bad_constant_seen == 0) _bad_constant_seen = bad_constant;
 152 }
 153 
 154 void ClassFileParser::parse_constant_pool_entries(const ClassFileStream* const stream,
 155                                                   ConstantPool* cp,
 156                                                   const int length,
 157                                                   TRAPS) {
 158   assert(stream != nullptr, "invariant");
 159   assert(cp != nullptr, "invariant");
 160 
 161   // Use a local copy of ClassFileStream. It helps the C++ compiler to optimize
 162   // this function (_current can be allocated in a register, with scalar
 163   // replacement of aggregates). The _current pointer is copied back to
 164   // stream() when this function returns. DON'T call another method within
 165   // this method that uses stream().
 166   const ClassFileStream cfs1 = *stream;
 167   const ClassFileStream* const cfs = &cfs1;
 168 
 169   debug_only(const u1* const old_current = stream->current();)
 170 
 171   // Used for batching symbol allocations.
 172   const char* names[SymbolTable::symbol_alloc_batch_size];
 173   int lengths[SymbolTable::symbol_alloc_batch_size];
 174   int indices[SymbolTable::symbol_alloc_batch_size];
 175   unsigned int hashValues[SymbolTable::symbol_alloc_batch_size];
 176   int names_count = 0;
 177 
 178   // parsing  Index 0 is unused
 179   for (int index = 1; index < length; index++) {
 180     // Each of the following case guarantees one more byte in the stream
 181     // for the following tag or the access_flags following constant pool,
 182     // so we don't need bounds-check for reading tag.
 183     const u1 tag = cfs->get_u1_fast();
 184     switch (tag) {
 185       case JVM_CONSTANT_Class : {
 186         cfs->guarantee_more(3, CHECK);  // name_index, tag/access_flags
 187         const u2 name_index = cfs->get_u2_fast();
 188         cp->klass_index_at_put(index, name_index);
 189         break;
 190       }
 191       case JVM_CONSTANT_Fieldref: {
 192         cfs->guarantee_more(5, CHECK);  // class_index, name_and_type_index, tag/access_flags
 193         const u2 class_index = cfs->get_u2_fast();
 194         const u2 name_and_type_index = cfs->get_u2_fast();
 195         cp->field_at_put(index, class_index, name_and_type_index);
 196         break;
 197       }
 198       case JVM_CONSTANT_Methodref: {
 199         cfs->guarantee_more(5, CHECK);  // class_index, name_and_type_index, tag/access_flags
 200         const u2 class_index = cfs->get_u2_fast();
 201         const u2 name_and_type_index = cfs->get_u2_fast();
 202         cp->method_at_put(index, class_index, name_and_type_index);
 203         break;
 204       }
 205       case JVM_CONSTANT_InterfaceMethodref: {
 206         cfs->guarantee_more(5, CHECK);  // class_index, name_and_type_index, tag/access_flags
 207         const u2 class_index = cfs->get_u2_fast();
 208         const u2 name_and_type_index = cfs->get_u2_fast();
 209         cp->interface_method_at_put(index, class_index, name_and_type_index);
 210         break;
 211       }
 212       case JVM_CONSTANT_String : {
 213         cfs->guarantee_more(3, CHECK);  // string_index, tag/access_flags
 214         const u2 string_index = cfs->get_u2_fast();
 215         cp->string_index_at_put(index, string_index);
 216         break;
 217       }
 218       case JVM_CONSTANT_MethodHandle :
 219       case JVM_CONSTANT_MethodType: {
 220         if (_major_version < Verifier::INVOKEDYNAMIC_MAJOR_VERSION) {
 221           classfile_parse_error(
 222             "Class file version does not support constant tag %u in class file %s",
 223             tag, THREAD);
 224           return;
 225         }
 226         if (tag == JVM_CONSTANT_MethodHandle) {
 227           cfs->guarantee_more(4, CHECK);  // ref_kind, method_index, tag/access_flags
 228           const u1 ref_kind = cfs->get_u1_fast();
 229           const u2 method_index = cfs->get_u2_fast();
 230           cp->method_handle_index_at_put(index, ref_kind, method_index);
 231         }
 232         else if (tag == JVM_CONSTANT_MethodType) {
 233           cfs->guarantee_more(3, CHECK);  // signature_index, tag/access_flags
 234           const u2 signature_index = cfs->get_u2_fast();
 235           cp->method_type_index_at_put(index, signature_index);
 236         }
 237         else {
 238           ShouldNotReachHere();
 239         }
 240         break;
 241       }
 242       case JVM_CONSTANT_Dynamic : {
 243         if (_major_version < Verifier::DYNAMICCONSTANT_MAJOR_VERSION) {
 244           classfile_parse_error(
 245               "Class file version does not support constant tag %u in class file %s",
 246               tag, THREAD);
 247           return;
 248         }
 249         cfs->guarantee_more(5, CHECK);  // bsm_index, nt, tag/access_flags
 250         const u2 bootstrap_specifier_index = cfs->get_u2_fast();
 251         const u2 name_and_type_index = cfs->get_u2_fast();
 252         if (_max_bootstrap_specifier_index < (int) bootstrap_specifier_index) {
 253           _max_bootstrap_specifier_index = (int) bootstrap_specifier_index;  // collect for later
 254         }
 255         cp->dynamic_constant_at_put(index, bootstrap_specifier_index, name_and_type_index);
 256         break;
 257       }
 258       case JVM_CONSTANT_InvokeDynamic : {
 259         if (_major_version < Verifier::INVOKEDYNAMIC_MAJOR_VERSION) {
 260           classfile_parse_error(
 261               "Class file version does not support constant tag %u in class file %s",
 262               tag, THREAD);
 263           return;
 264         }
 265         cfs->guarantee_more(5, CHECK);  // bsm_index, nt, tag/access_flags
 266         const u2 bootstrap_specifier_index = cfs->get_u2_fast();
 267         const u2 name_and_type_index = cfs->get_u2_fast();
 268         if (_max_bootstrap_specifier_index < (int) bootstrap_specifier_index) {
 269           _max_bootstrap_specifier_index = (int) bootstrap_specifier_index;  // collect for later
 270         }
 271         cp->invoke_dynamic_at_put(index, bootstrap_specifier_index, name_and_type_index);
 272         break;
 273       }
 274       case JVM_CONSTANT_Integer: {
 275         cfs->guarantee_more(5, CHECK);  // bytes, tag/access_flags
 276         const u4 bytes = cfs->get_u4_fast();
 277         cp->int_at_put(index, (jint)bytes);
 278         break;
 279       }
 280       case JVM_CONSTANT_Float: {
 281         cfs->guarantee_more(5, CHECK);  // bytes, tag/access_flags
 282         const u4 bytes = cfs->get_u4_fast();
 283         cp->float_at_put(index, *(jfloat*)&bytes);
 284         break;
 285       }
 286       case JVM_CONSTANT_Long: {
 287         // A mangled type might cause you to overrun allocated memory
 288         guarantee_property(index + 1 < length,
 289                            "Invalid constant pool entry %u in class file %s",
 290                            index,
 291                            CHECK);
 292         cfs->guarantee_more(9, CHECK);  // bytes, tag/access_flags
 293         const u8 bytes = cfs->get_u8_fast();
 294         cp->long_at_put(index, bytes);
 295         index++;   // Skip entry following eigth-byte constant, see JVM book p. 98
 296         break;
 297       }
 298       case JVM_CONSTANT_Double: {
 299         // A mangled type might cause you to overrun allocated memory
 300         guarantee_property(index+1 < length,
 301                            "Invalid constant pool entry %u in class file %s",
 302                            index,
 303                            CHECK);
 304         cfs->guarantee_more(9, CHECK);  // bytes, tag/access_flags
 305         const u8 bytes = cfs->get_u8_fast();
 306         cp->double_at_put(index, *(jdouble*)&bytes);
 307         index++;   // Skip entry following eigth-byte constant, see JVM book p. 98
 308         break;
 309       }
 310       case JVM_CONSTANT_NameAndType: {
 311         cfs->guarantee_more(5, CHECK);  // name_index, signature_index, tag/access_flags
 312         const u2 name_index = cfs->get_u2_fast();
 313         const u2 signature_index = cfs->get_u2_fast();
 314         cp->name_and_type_at_put(index, name_index, signature_index);
 315         break;
 316       }
 317       case JVM_CONSTANT_Utf8 : {
 318         cfs->guarantee_more(2, CHECK);  // utf8_length
 319         u2  utf8_length = cfs->get_u2_fast();
 320         const u1* utf8_buffer = cfs->current();
 321         assert(utf8_buffer != nullptr, "null utf8 buffer");
 322         // Got utf8 string, guarantee utf8_length+1 bytes, set stream position forward.
 323         cfs->guarantee_more(utf8_length+1, CHECK);  // utf8 string, tag/access_flags
 324         cfs->skip_u1_fast(utf8_length);
 325 
 326         // Before storing the symbol, make sure it's legal
 327         if (_need_verify) {
 328           verify_legal_utf8(utf8_buffer, utf8_length, CHECK);
 329         }
 330 
 331         unsigned int hash;
 332         Symbol* const result = SymbolTable::lookup_only((const char*)utf8_buffer,
 333                                                         utf8_length,
 334                                                         hash);
 335         if (result == nullptr) {
 336           names[names_count] = (const char*)utf8_buffer;
 337           lengths[names_count] = utf8_length;
 338           indices[names_count] = index;
 339           hashValues[names_count++] = hash;
 340           if (names_count == SymbolTable::symbol_alloc_batch_size) {
 341             SymbolTable::new_symbols(_loader_data,
 342                                      constantPoolHandle(THREAD, cp),
 343                                      names_count,
 344                                      names,
 345                                      lengths,
 346                                      indices,
 347                                      hashValues);
 348             names_count = 0;
 349           }
 350         } else {
 351           cp->symbol_at_put(index, result);
 352         }
 353         break;
 354       }
 355       case JVM_CONSTANT_Module:
 356       case JVM_CONSTANT_Package: {
 357         // Record that an error occurred in these two cases but keep parsing so
 358         // that ACC_Module can be checked for in the access_flags.  Need to
 359         // throw NoClassDefFoundError in that case.
 360         if (_major_version >= JAVA_9_VERSION) {
 361           cfs->guarantee_more(3, CHECK);
 362           cfs->get_u2_fast();
 363           set_class_bad_constant_seen(tag);
 364           break;
 365         }
 366       }
 367       default: {
 368         classfile_parse_error("Unknown constant tag %u in class file %s",
 369                               tag,
 370                               THREAD);
 371         return;
 372       }
 373     } // end of switch(tag)
 374   } // end of for
 375 
 376   // Allocate the remaining symbols
 377   if (names_count > 0) {
 378     SymbolTable::new_symbols(_loader_data,
 379                              constantPoolHandle(THREAD, cp),
 380                              names_count,
 381                              names,
 382                              lengths,
 383                              indices,
 384                              hashValues);
 385   }
 386 
 387   // Copy _current pointer of local copy back to stream.
 388   assert(stream->current() == old_current, "non-exclusive use of stream");
 389   stream->set_current(cfs1.current());
 390 
 391 }
 392 
 393 static inline bool valid_cp_range(int index, int length) {
 394   return (index > 0 && index < length);
 395 }
 396 
 397 static inline Symbol* check_symbol_at(const ConstantPool* cp, int index) {
 398   assert(cp != nullptr, "invariant");
 399   if (valid_cp_range(index, cp->length()) && cp->tag_at(index).is_utf8()) {
 400     return cp->symbol_at(index);
 401   }
 402   return nullptr;
 403 }
 404 
 405 #ifdef ASSERT
 406 PRAGMA_DIAG_PUSH
 407 PRAGMA_FORMAT_NONLITERAL_IGNORED
 408 void ClassFileParser::report_assert_property_failure(const char* msg, TRAPS) const {
 409   ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
 410   fatal(msg, _class_name->as_C_string());
 411 }
 412 
 413 void ClassFileParser::report_assert_property_failure(const char* msg,
 414                                                      int index,
 415                                                      TRAPS) const {
 416   ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
 417   fatal(msg, index, _class_name->as_C_string());
 418 }
 419 PRAGMA_DIAG_POP
 420 #endif
 421 
 422 void ClassFileParser::parse_constant_pool(const ClassFileStream* const stream,
 423                                          ConstantPool* const cp,
 424                                          const int length,
 425                                          TRAPS) {
 426   assert(cp != nullptr, "invariant");
 427   assert(stream != nullptr, "invariant");
 428 
 429   // parsing constant pool entries
 430   parse_constant_pool_entries(stream, cp, length, CHECK);
 431   if (class_bad_constant_seen() != 0) {
 432     // a bad CP entry has been detected previously so stop parsing and just return.
 433     return;
 434   }
 435 
 436   int index = 1;  // declared outside of loops for portability
 437   int num_klasses = 0;
 438 
 439   // first verification pass - validate cross references
 440   // and fixup class and string constants
 441   for (index = 1; index < length; index++) {          // Index 0 is unused
 442     const jbyte tag = cp->tag_at(index).value();
 443     switch (tag) {
 444       case JVM_CONSTANT_Class: {
 445         ShouldNotReachHere();     // Only JVM_CONSTANT_ClassIndex should be present
 446         break;
 447       }
 448       case JVM_CONSTANT_Fieldref:
 449         // fall through
 450       case JVM_CONSTANT_Methodref:
 451         // fall through
 452       case JVM_CONSTANT_InterfaceMethodref: {
 453         if (!_need_verify) break;
 454         const int klass_ref_index = cp->klass_ref_index_at(index);
 455         const int name_and_type_ref_index = cp->name_and_type_ref_index_at(index);
 456         check_property(valid_klass_reference_at(klass_ref_index),
 457                        "Invalid constant pool index %u in class file %s",
 458                        klass_ref_index, CHECK);
 459         check_property(valid_cp_range(name_and_type_ref_index, length) &&
 460           cp->tag_at(name_and_type_ref_index).is_name_and_type(),
 461           "Invalid constant pool index %u in class file %s",
 462           name_and_type_ref_index, CHECK);
 463         break;
 464       }
 465       case JVM_CONSTANT_String: {
 466         ShouldNotReachHere();     // Only JVM_CONSTANT_StringIndex should be present
 467         break;
 468       }
 469       case JVM_CONSTANT_Integer:
 470         break;
 471       case JVM_CONSTANT_Float:
 472         break;
 473       case JVM_CONSTANT_Long:
 474       case JVM_CONSTANT_Double: {
 475         index++;
 476         check_property(
 477           (index < length && cp->tag_at(index).is_invalid()),
 478           "Improper constant pool long/double index %u in class file %s",
 479           index, CHECK);
 480         break;
 481       }
 482       case JVM_CONSTANT_NameAndType: {
 483         if (!_need_verify) break;
 484         const int name_ref_index = cp->name_ref_index_at(index);
 485         const int signature_ref_index = cp->signature_ref_index_at(index);
 486         check_property(valid_symbol_at(name_ref_index),
 487           "Invalid constant pool index %u in class file %s",
 488           name_ref_index, CHECK);
 489         check_property(valid_symbol_at(signature_ref_index),
 490           "Invalid constant pool index %u in class file %s",
 491           signature_ref_index, CHECK);
 492         break;
 493       }
 494       case JVM_CONSTANT_Utf8:
 495         break;
 496       case JVM_CONSTANT_UnresolvedClass:         // fall-through
 497       case JVM_CONSTANT_UnresolvedClassInError: {
 498         ShouldNotReachHere();     // Only JVM_CONSTANT_ClassIndex should be present
 499         break;
 500       }
 501       case JVM_CONSTANT_ClassIndex: {
 502         const int class_index = cp->klass_index_at(index);
 503         check_property(valid_symbol_at(class_index),
 504           "Invalid constant pool index %u in class file %s",
 505           class_index, CHECK);
 506         cp->unresolved_klass_at_put(index, class_index, num_klasses++);
 507         break;
 508       }
 509       case JVM_CONSTANT_StringIndex: {
 510         const int string_index = cp->string_index_at(index);
 511         check_property(valid_symbol_at(string_index),
 512           "Invalid constant pool index %u in class file %s",
 513           string_index, CHECK);
 514         Symbol* const sym = cp->symbol_at(string_index);
 515         cp->unresolved_string_at_put(index, sym);
 516         break;
 517       }
 518       case JVM_CONSTANT_MethodHandle: {
 519         const int ref_index = cp->method_handle_index_at(index);
 520         check_property(valid_cp_range(ref_index, length),
 521           "Invalid constant pool index %u in class file %s",
 522           ref_index, CHECK);
 523         const constantTag tag = cp->tag_at(ref_index);
 524         const int ref_kind = cp->method_handle_ref_kind_at(index);
 525 
 526         switch (ref_kind) {
 527           case JVM_REF_getField:
 528           case JVM_REF_getStatic:
 529           case JVM_REF_putField:
 530           case JVM_REF_putStatic: {
 531             check_property(
 532               tag.is_field(),
 533               "Invalid constant pool index %u in class file %s (not a field)",
 534               ref_index, CHECK);
 535             break;
 536           }
 537           case JVM_REF_invokeVirtual:
 538           case JVM_REF_newInvokeSpecial: {
 539             check_property(
 540               tag.is_method(),
 541               "Invalid constant pool index %u in class file %s (not a method)",
 542               ref_index, CHECK);
 543             break;
 544           }
 545           case JVM_REF_invokeStatic:
 546           case JVM_REF_invokeSpecial: {
 547             check_property(
 548               tag.is_method() ||
 549               ((_major_version >= JAVA_8_VERSION) && tag.is_interface_method()),
 550               "Invalid constant pool index %u in class file %s (not a method)",
 551               ref_index, CHECK);
 552             break;
 553           }
 554           case JVM_REF_invokeInterface: {
 555             check_property(
 556               tag.is_interface_method(),
 557               "Invalid constant pool index %u in class file %s (not an interface method)",
 558               ref_index, CHECK);
 559             break;
 560           }
 561           default: {
 562             classfile_parse_error(
 563               "Bad method handle kind at constant pool index %u in class file %s",
 564               index, THREAD);
 565             return;
 566           }
 567         } // switch(refkind)
 568         // Keep the ref_index unchanged.  It will be indirected at link-time.
 569         break;
 570       } // case MethodHandle
 571       case JVM_CONSTANT_MethodType: {
 572         const int ref_index = cp->method_type_index_at(index);
 573         check_property(valid_symbol_at(ref_index),
 574           "Invalid constant pool index %u in class file %s",
 575           ref_index, CHECK);
 576         break;
 577       }
 578       case JVM_CONSTANT_Dynamic: {
 579         const int name_and_type_ref_index =
 580           cp->bootstrap_name_and_type_ref_index_at(index);
 581 
 582         check_property(valid_cp_range(name_and_type_ref_index, length) &&
 583           cp->tag_at(name_and_type_ref_index).is_name_and_type(),
 584           "Invalid constant pool index %u in class file %s",
 585           name_and_type_ref_index, CHECK);
 586         // bootstrap specifier index must be checked later,
 587         // when BootstrapMethods attr is available
 588 
 589         // Mark the constant pool as having a CONSTANT_Dynamic_info structure
 590         cp->set_has_dynamic_constant();
 591         break;
 592       }
 593       case JVM_CONSTANT_InvokeDynamic: {
 594         const int name_and_type_ref_index =
 595           cp->bootstrap_name_and_type_ref_index_at(index);
 596 
 597         check_property(valid_cp_range(name_and_type_ref_index, length) &&
 598           cp->tag_at(name_and_type_ref_index).is_name_and_type(),
 599           "Invalid constant pool index %u in class file %s",
 600           name_and_type_ref_index, CHECK);
 601         // bootstrap specifier index must be checked later,
 602         // when BootstrapMethods attr is available
 603         break;
 604       }
 605       default: {
 606         fatal("bad constant pool tag value %u", cp->tag_at(index).value());
 607         ShouldNotReachHere();
 608         break;
 609       }
 610     } // switch(tag)
 611   } // end of for
 612 
 613   cp->allocate_resolved_klasses(_loader_data, num_klasses, CHECK);
 614 
 615   if (!_need_verify) {
 616     return;
 617   }
 618 
 619   // second verification pass - checks the strings are of the right format.
 620   // but not yet to the other entries
 621   for (index = 1; index < length; index++) {
 622     const jbyte tag = cp->tag_at(index).value();
 623     switch (tag) {
 624       case JVM_CONSTANT_UnresolvedClass: {
 625         const Symbol* const class_name = cp->klass_name_at(index);
 626         // check the name
 627         verify_legal_class_name(class_name, CHECK);
 628         break;
 629       }
 630       case JVM_CONSTANT_NameAndType: {
 631         if (_need_verify) {
 632           const int sig_index = cp->signature_ref_index_at(index);
 633           const int name_index = cp->name_ref_index_at(index);
 634           const Symbol* const name = cp->symbol_at(name_index);
 635           const Symbol* const sig = cp->symbol_at(sig_index);
 636           guarantee_property(sig->utf8_length() != 0,
 637             "Illegal zero length constant pool entry at %d in class %s",
 638             sig_index, CHECK);
 639           guarantee_property(name->utf8_length() != 0,
 640             "Illegal zero length constant pool entry at %d in class %s",
 641             name_index, CHECK);
 642 
 643           if (Signature::is_method(sig)) {
 644             // Format check method name and signature
 645             verify_legal_method_name(name, CHECK);
 646             verify_legal_method_signature(name, sig, CHECK);
 647           } else {
 648             // Format check field name and signature
 649             verify_legal_field_name(name, CHECK);
 650             verify_legal_field_signature(name, sig, CHECK);
 651           }
 652         }
 653         break;
 654       }
 655       case JVM_CONSTANT_Dynamic: {
 656         const int name_and_type_ref_index =
 657           cp->name_and_type_ref_index_at(index);
 658         // already verified to be utf8
 659         const int name_ref_index =
 660           cp->name_ref_index_at(name_and_type_ref_index);
 661         // already verified to be utf8
 662         const int signature_ref_index =
 663           cp->signature_ref_index_at(name_and_type_ref_index);
 664         const Symbol* const name = cp->symbol_at(name_ref_index);
 665         const Symbol* const signature = cp->symbol_at(signature_ref_index);
 666         if (_need_verify) {
 667           // CONSTANT_Dynamic's name and signature are verified above, when iterating NameAndType_info.
 668           // Need only to be sure signature is the right type.
 669           if (Signature::is_method(signature)) {
 670             throwIllegalSignature("CONSTANT_Dynamic", name, signature, CHECK);
 671           }
 672         }
 673         break;
 674       }
 675       case JVM_CONSTANT_InvokeDynamic:
 676       case JVM_CONSTANT_Fieldref:
 677       case JVM_CONSTANT_Methodref:
 678       case JVM_CONSTANT_InterfaceMethodref: {
 679         const int name_and_type_ref_index =
 680           cp->name_and_type_ref_index_at(index);
 681         // already verified to be utf8
 682         const int name_ref_index =
 683           cp->name_ref_index_at(name_and_type_ref_index);
 684         // already verified to be utf8
 685         const int signature_ref_index =
 686           cp->signature_ref_index_at(name_and_type_ref_index);
 687         const Symbol* const name = cp->symbol_at(name_ref_index);
 688         const Symbol* const signature = cp->symbol_at(signature_ref_index);
 689         if (tag == JVM_CONSTANT_Fieldref) {
 690           if (_need_verify) {
 691             // Field name and signature are verified above, when iterating NameAndType_info.
 692             // Need only to be sure signature is non-zero length and the right type.
 693             if (Signature::is_method(signature)) {
 694               throwIllegalSignature("Field", name, signature, CHECK);
 695             }
 696           }
 697         } else {
 698           if (_need_verify) {
 699             // Method name and signature are individually verified above, when iterating
 700             // NameAndType_info.  Need to check here that signature is non-zero length and
 701             // the right type.
 702             if (!Signature::is_method(signature)) {
 703               throwIllegalSignature("Method", name, signature, CHECK);
 704             }
 705           }
 706           // If a class method name begins with '<', it must be "<init>" and have void signature.
 707           const unsigned int name_len = name->utf8_length();
 708           if (tag == JVM_CONSTANT_Methodref && name_len != 0 &&
 709               name->char_at(0) == JVM_SIGNATURE_SPECIAL) {
 710             if (name != vmSymbols::object_initializer_name()) {
 711               classfile_parse_error(
 712                 "Bad method name at constant pool index %u in class file %s",
 713                 name_ref_index, THREAD);
 714               return;
 715             } else if (!Signature::is_void_method(signature)) { // must have void signature.
 716               throwIllegalSignature("Method", name, signature, CHECK);
 717             }
 718           }
 719         }
 720         break;
 721       }
 722       case JVM_CONSTANT_MethodHandle: {
 723         const int ref_index = cp->method_handle_index_at(index);
 724         const int ref_kind = cp->method_handle_ref_kind_at(index);
 725         switch (ref_kind) {
 726           case JVM_REF_invokeVirtual:
 727           case JVM_REF_invokeStatic:
 728           case JVM_REF_invokeSpecial:
 729           case JVM_REF_newInvokeSpecial: {
 730             const int name_and_type_ref_index =
 731               cp->name_and_type_ref_index_at(ref_index);
 732             const int name_ref_index =
 733               cp->name_ref_index_at(name_and_type_ref_index);
 734             const Symbol* const name = cp->symbol_at(name_ref_index);
 735             if (ref_kind == JVM_REF_newInvokeSpecial) {
 736               if (name != vmSymbols::object_initializer_name()) {
 737                 classfile_parse_error(
 738                   "Bad constructor name at constant pool index %u in class file %s",
 739                     name_ref_index, THREAD);
 740                 return;
 741               }
 742             } else {
 743               if (name == vmSymbols::object_initializer_name()) {
 744                 classfile_parse_error(
 745                   "Bad method name at constant pool index %u in class file %s",
 746                   name_ref_index, THREAD);
 747                 return;
 748               }
 749             }
 750             break;
 751           }
 752           // Other ref_kinds are already fully checked in previous pass.
 753         } // switch(ref_kind)
 754         break;
 755       }
 756       case JVM_CONSTANT_MethodType: {
 757         const Symbol* const no_name = vmSymbols::type_name(); // place holder
 758         const Symbol* const signature = cp->method_type_signature_at(index);
 759         verify_legal_method_signature(no_name, signature, CHECK);
 760         break;
 761       }
 762       case JVM_CONSTANT_Utf8: {
 763         assert(cp->symbol_at(index)->refcount() != 0, "count corrupted");
 764       }
 765     }  // switch(tag)
 766   }  // end of for
 767 }
 768 
 769 class NameSigHash: public ResourceObj {
 770  public:
 771   const Symbol*       _name;       // name
 772   const Symbol*       _sig;        // signature
 773   NameSigHash*  _next;             // Next entry in hash table
 774 };
 775 
 776 static const int HASH_ROW_SIZE = 256;
 777 
 778 static unsigned int hash(const Symbol* name, const Symbol* sig) {
 779   unsigned int raw_hash = 0;
 780   raw_hash += ((unsigned int)(uintptr_t)name) >> (LogHeapWordSize + 2);
 781   raw_hash += ((unsigned int)(uintptr_t)sig) >> LogHeapWordSize;
 782 
 783   return (raw_hash + (unsigned int)(uintptr_t)name) % HASH_ROW_SIZE;
 784 }
 785 
 786 
 787 static void initialize_hashtable(NameSigHash** table) {
 788   memset((void*)table, 0, sizeof(NameSigHash*) * HASH_ROW_SIZE);
 789 }
 790 // Return false if the name/sig combination is found in table.
 791 // Return true if no duplicate is found. And name/sig is added as a new entry in table.
 792 // The old format checker uses heap sort to find duplicates.
 793 // NOTE: caller should guarantee that GC doesn't happen during the life cycle
 794 // of table since we don't expect Symbol*'s to move.
 795 static bool put_after_lookup(const Symbol* name, const Symbol* sig, NameSigHash** table) {
 796   assert(name != nullptr, "name in constant pool is null");
 797 
 798   // First lookup for duplicates
 799   int index = hash(name, sig);
 800   NameSigHash* entry = table[index];
 801   while (entry != nullptr) {
 802     if (entry->_name == name && entry->_sig == sig) {
 803       return false;
 804     }
 805     entry = entry->_next;
 806   }
 807 
 808   // No duplicate is found, allocate a new entry and fill it.
 809   entry = new NameSigHash();
 810   entry->_name = name;
 811   entry->_sig = sig;
 812 
 813   // Insert into hash table
 814   entry->_next = table[index];
 815   table[index] = entry;
 816 
 817   return true;
 818 }
 819 
 820 // Side-effects: populates the _local_interfaces field
 821 void ClassFileParser::parse_interfaces(const ClassFileStream* const stream,
 822                                        const int itfs_len,
 823                                        ConstantPool* const cp,
 824                                        bool* const has_nonstatic_concrete_methods,
 825                                        TRAPS) {
 826   assert(stream != nullptr, "invariant");
 827   assert(cp != nullptr, "invariant");
 828   assert(has_nonstatic_concrete_methods != nullptr, "invariant");
 829 
 830   if (itfs_len == 0) {
 831     _local_interfaces = Universe::the_empty_instance_klass_array();
 832   } else {
 833     assert(itfs_len > 0, "only called for len>0");
 834     _local_interfaces = MetadataFactory::new_array<InstanceKlass*>(_loader_data, itfs_len, nullptr, CHECK);
 835 
 836     int index;
 837     for (index = 0; index < itfs_len; index++) {
 838       const u2 interface_index = stream->get_u2(CHECK);
 839       Klass* interf;
 840       check_property(
 841         valid_klass_reference_at(interface_index),
 842         "Interface name has bad constant pool index %u in class file %s",
 843         interface_index, CHECK);
 844       if (cp->tag_at(interface_index).is_klass()) {
 845         interf = cp->resolved_klass_at(interface_index);
 846       } else {
 847         Symbol* const unresolved_klass  = cp->klass_name_at(interface_index);
 848 
 849         // Don't need to check legal name because it's checked when parsing constant pool.
 850         // But need to make sure it's not an array type.
 851         guarantee_property(unresolved_klass->char_at(0) != JVM_SIGNATURE_ARRAY,
 852                            "Bad interface name in class file %s", CHECK);
 853 
 854         // Call resolve_super so class circularity is checked
 855         interf = SystemDictionary::resolve_super_or_fail(
 856                                                   _class_name,
 857                                                   unresolved_klass,
 858                                                   Handle(THREAD, _loader_data->class_loader()),
 859                                                   _protection_domain,
 860                                                   false,
 861                                                   CHECK);
 862       }
 863 
 864       if (!interf->is_interface()) {
 865         THROW_MSG(vmSymbols::java_lang_IncompatibleClassChangeError(),
 866                   err_msg("class %s can not implement %s, because it is not an interface (%s)",
 867                           _class_name->as_klass_external_name(),
 868                           interf->external_name(),
 869                           interf->class_in_module_of_loader()));
 870       }
 871 
 872       if (InstanceKlass::cast(interf)->has_nonstatic_concrete_methods()) {
 873         *has_nonstatic_concrete_methods = true;
 874       }
 875       _local_interfaces->at_put(index, InstanceKlass::cast(interf));
 876     }
 877 
 878     if (!_need_verify || itfs_len <= 1) {
 879       return;
 880     }
 881 
 882     // Check if there's any duplicates in interfaces
 883     ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
 884     NameSigHash** interface_names = NEW_RESOURCE_ARRAY_IN_THREAD(THREAD,
 885                                                                  NameSigHash*,
 886                                                                  HASH_ROW_SIZE);
 887     initialize_hashtable(interface_names);
 888     bool dup = false;
 889     const Symbol* name = nullptr;
 890     {
 891       debug_only(NoSafepointVerifier nsv;)
 892       for (index = 0; index < itfs_len; index++) {
 893         const InstanceKlass* const k = _local_interfaces->at(index);
 894         name = k->name();
 895         // If no duplicates, add (name, nullptr) in hashtable interface_names.
 896         if (!put_after_lookup(name, nullptr, interface_names)) {
 897           dup = true;
 898           break;
 899         }
 900       }
 901     }
 902     if (dup) {
 903       classfile_parse_error("Duplicate interface name \"%s\" in class file %s",
 904                              name->as_C_string(), THREAD);
 905     }
 906   }
 907 }
 908 
 909 void ClassFileParser::verify_constantvalue(const ConstantPool* const cp,
 910                                            int constantvalue_index,
 911                                            int signature_index,
 912                                            TRAPS) const {
 913   // Make sure the constant pool entry is of a type appropriate to this field
 914   guarantee_property(
 915     (constantvalue_index > 0 &&
 916       constantvalue_index < cp->length()),
 917     "Bad initial value index %u in ConstantValue attribute in class file %s",
 918     constantvalue_index, CHECK);
 919 
 920   const constantTag value_type = cp->tag_at(constantvalue_index);
 921   switch(cp->basic_type_for_signature_at(signature_index)) {
 922     case T_LONG: {
 923       guarantee_property(value_type.is_long(),
 924                          "Inconsistent constant value type in class file %s",
 925                          CHECK);
 926       break;
 927     }
 928     case T_FLOAT: {
 929       guarantee_property(value_type.is_float(),
 930                          "Inconsistent constant value type in class file %s",
 931                          CHECK);
 932       break;
 933     }
 934     case T_DOUBLE: {
 935       guarantee_property(value_type.is_double(),
 936                          "Inconsistent constant value type in class file %s",
 937                          CHECK);
 938       break;
 939     }
 940     case T_BYTE:
 941     case T_CHAR:
 942     case T_SHORT:
 943     case T_BOOLEAN:
 944     case T_INT: {
 945       guarantee_property(value_type.is_int(),
 946                          "Inconsistent constant value type in class file %s",
 947                          CHECK);
 948       break;
 949     }
 950     case T_OBJECT: {
 951       guarantee_property((cp->symbol_at(signature_index)->equals("Ljava/lang/String;")
 952                          && value_type.is_string()),
 953                          "Bad string initial value in class file %s",
 954                          CHECK);
 955       break;
 956     }
 957     default: {
 958       classfile_parse_error("Unable to set initial value %u in class file %s",
 959                              constantvalue_index,
 960                              THREAD);
 961     }
 962   }
 963 }
 964 
 965 class AnnotationCollector : public ResourceObj{
 966 public:
 967   enum Location { _in_field, _in_method, _in_class };
 968   enum ID {
 969     _unknown = 0,
 970     _method_CallerSensitive,
 971     _method_ForceInline,
 972     _method_DontInline,
 973     _method_ChangesCurrentThread,
 974     _method_JvmtiMountTransition,
 975     _method_InjectedProfile,
 976     _method_LambdaForm_Compiled,
 977     _method_Hidden,
 978     _method_Scoped,
 979     _method_IntrinsicCandidate,
 980     _jdk_internal_vm_annotation_Contended,
 981     _field_Stable,
 982     _jdk_internal_vm_annotation_ReservedStackAccess,
 983     _jdk_internal_ValueBased,
 984     _annotation_LIMIT
 985   };
 986   const Location _location;
 987   int _annotations_present;
 988   u2 _contended_group;
 989 
 990   AnnotationCollector(Location location)
 991     : _location(location), _annotations_present(0), _contended_group(0)
 992   {
 993     assert((int)_annotation_LIMIT <= (int)sizeof(_annotations_present) * BitsPerByte, "");
 994   }
 995   // If this annotation name has an ID, report it (or _none).
 996   ID annotation_index(const ClassLoaderData* loader_data, const Symbol* name, bool can_access_vm_annotations);
 997   // Set the annotation name:
 998   void set_annotation(ID id) {
 999     assert((int)id >= 0 && (int)id < (int)_annotation_LIMIT, "oob");
1000     _annotations_present |= nth_bit((int)id);
1001   }
1002 
1003   void remove_annotation(ID id) {
1004     assert((int)id >= 0 && (int)id < (int)_annotation_LIMIT, "oob");
1005     _annotations_present &= ~nth_bit((int)id);
1006   }
1007 
1008   // Report if the annotation is present.
1009   bool has_any_annotations() const { return _annotations_present != 0; }
1010   bool has_annotation(ID id) const { return (nth_bit((int)id) & _annotations_present) != 0; }
1011 
1012   void set_contended_group(u2 group) { _contended_group = group; }
1013   u2 contended_group() const { return _contended_group; }
1014 
1015   bool is_contended() const { return has_annotation(_jdk_internal_vm_annotation_Contended); }
1016 
1017   void set_stable(bool stable) { set_annotation(_field_Stable); }
1018   bool is_stable() const { return has_annotation(_field_Stable); }
1019 };
1020 
1021 // This class also doubles as a holder for metadata cleanup.
1022 class ClassFileParser::FieldAnnotationCollector : public AnnotationCollector {
1023 private:
1024   ClassLoaderData* _loader_data;
1025   AnnotationArray* _field_annotations;
1026   AnnotationArray* _field_type_annotations;
1027 public:
1028   FieldAnnotationCollector(ClassLoaderData* loader_data) :
1029     AnnotationCollector(_in_field),
1030     _loader_data(loader_data),
1031     _field_annotations(nullptr),
1032     _field_type_annotations(nullptr) {}
1033   ~FieldAnnotationCollector();
1034   void apply_to(FieldInfo* f);
1035   AnnotationArray* field_annotations()      { return _field_annotations; }
1036   AnnotationArray* field_type_annotations() { return _field_type_annotations; }
1037 
1038   void set_field_annotations(AnnotationArray* a)      { _field_annotations = a; }
1039   void set_field_type_annotations(AnnotationArray* a) { _field_type_annotations = a; }
1040 };
1041 
1042 class MethodAnnotationCollector : public AnnotationCollector{
1043 public:
1044   MethodAnnotationCollector() : AnnotationCollector(_in_method) { }
1045   void apply_to(const methodHandle& m);
1046 };
1047 
1048 class ClassFileParser::ClassAnnotationCollector : public AnnotationCollector{
1049 public:
1050   ClassAnnotationCollector() : AnnotationCollector(_in_class) { }
1051   void apply_to(InstanceKlass* ik);
1052 };
1053 
1054 
1055 static int skip_annotation_value(const u1*, int, int); // fwd decl
1056 
1057 // Safely increment index by val if does not pass limit
1058 #define SAFE_ADD(index, limit, val) \
1059 if (index >= limit - val) return limit; \
1060 index += val;
1061 
1062 // Skip an annotation.  Return >=limit if there is any problem.
1063 static int skip_annotation(const u1* buffer, int limit, int index) {
1064   assert(buffer != nullptr, "invariant");
1065   // annotation := atype:u2 do(nmem:u2) {member:u2 value}
1066   // value := switch (tag:u1) { ... }
1067   SAFE_ADD(index, limit, 4); // skip atype and read nmem
1068   int nmem = Bytes::get_Java_u2((address)buffer + index - 2);
1069   while (--nmem >= 0 && index < limit) {
1070     SAFE_ADD(index, limit, 2); // skip member
1071     index = skip_annotation_value(buffer, limit, index);
1072   }
1073   return index;
1074 }
1075 
1076 // Skip an annotation value.  Return >=limit if there is any problem.
1077 static int skip_annotation_value(const u1* buffer, int limit, int index) {
1078   assert(buffer != nullptr, "invariant");
1079 
1080   // value := switch (tag:u1) {
1081   //   case B, C, I, S, Z, D, F, J, c: con:u2;
1082   //   case e: e_class:u2 e_name:u2;
1083   //   case s: s_con:u2;
1084   //   case [: do(nval:u2) {value};
1085   //   case @: annotation;
1086   //   case s: s_con:u2;
1087   // }
1088   SAFE_ADD(index, limit, 1); // read tag
1089   const u1 tag = buffer[index - 1];
1090   switch (tag) {
1091     case 'B':
1092     case 'C':
1093     case 'I':
1094     case 'S':
1095     case 'Z':
1096     case 'D':
1097     case 'F':
1098     case 'J':
1099     case 'c':
1100     case 's':
1101       SAFE_ADD(index, limit, 2);  // skip con or s_con
1102       break;
1103     case 'e':
1104       SAFE_ADD(index, limit, 4);  // skip e_class, e_name
1105       break;
1106     case '[':
1107     {
1108       SAFE_ADD(index, limit, 2); // read nval
1109       int nval = Bytes::get_Java_u2((address)buffer + index - 2);
1110       while (--nval >= 0 && index < limit) {
1111         index = skip_annotation_value(buffer, limit, index);
1112       }
1113     }
1114     break;
1115     case '@':
1116       index = skip_annotation(buffer, limit, index);
1117       break;
1118     default:
1119       return limit;  //  bad tag byte
1120   }
1121   return index;
1122 }
1123 
1124 // Sift through annotations, looking for those significant to the VM:
1125 static void parse_annotations(const ConstantPool* const cp,
1126                               const u1* buffer, int limit,
1127                               AnnotationCollector* coll,
1128                               ClassLoaderData* loader_data,
1129                               const bool can_access_vm_annotations) {
1130 
1131   assert(cp != nullptr, "invariant");
1132   assert(buffer != nullptr, "invariant");
1133   assert(coll != nullptr, "invariant");
1134   assert(loader_data != nullptr, "invariant");
1135 
1136   // annotations := do(nann:u2) {annotation}
1137   int index = 2; // read nann
1138   if (index >= limit)  return;
1139   int nann = Bytes::get_Java_u2((address)buffer + index - 2);
1140   enum {  // initial annotation layout
1141     atype_off = 0,      // utf8 such as 'Ljava/lang/annotation/Retention;'
1142     count_off = 2,      // u2   such as 1 (one value)
1143     member_off = 4,     // utf8 such as 'value'
1144     tag_off = 6,        // u1   such as 'c' (type) or 'e' (enum)
1145     e_tag_val = 'e',
1146     e_type_off = 7,   // utf8 such as 'Ljava/lang/annotation/RetentionPolicy;'
1147     e_con_off = 9,    // utf8 payload, such as 'SOURCE', 'CLASS', 'RUNTIME'
1148     e_size = 11,     // end of 'e' annotation
1149     c_tag_val = 'c',    // payload is type
1150     c_con_off = 7,    // utf8 payload, such as 'I'
1151     c_size = 9,       // end of 'c' annotation
1152     s_tag_val = 's',    // payload is String
1153     s_con_off = 7,    // utf8 payload, such as 'Ljava/lang/String;'
1154     s_size = 9,
1155     min_size = 6        // smallest possible size (zero members)
1156   };
1157   // Cannot add min_size to index in case of overflow MAX_INT
1158   while ((--nann) >= 0 && (index - 2 <= limit - min_size)) {
1159     int index0 = index;
1160     index = skip_annotation(buffer, limit, index);
1161     const u1* const abase = buffer + index0;
1162     const int atype = Bytes::get_Java_u2((address)abase + atype_off);
1163     const int count = Bytes::get_Java_u2((address)abase + count_off);
1164     const Symbol* const aname = check_symbol_at(cp, atype);
1165     if (aname == nullptr)  break;  // invalid annotation name
1166     const Symbol* member = nullptr;
1167     if (count >= 1) {
1168       const int member_index = Bytes::get_Java_u2((address)abase + member_off);
1169       member = check_symbol_at(cp, member_index);
1170       if (member == nullptr)  break;  // invalid member name
1171     }
1172 
1173     // Here is where parsing particular annotations will take place.
1174     AnnotationCollector::ID id = coll->annotation_index(loader_data, aname, can_access_vm_annotations);
1175     if (AnnotationCollector::_unknown == id)  continue;
1176     coll->set_annotation(id);
1177 
1178     if (AnnotationCollector::_jdk_internal_vm_annotation_Contended == id) {
1179       // @Contended can optionally specify the contention group.
1180       //
1181       // Contended group defines the equivalence class over the fields:
1182       // the fields within the same contended group are not treated distinct.
1183       // The only exception is default group, which does not incur the
1184       // equivalence. Naturally, contention group for classes is meaningless.
1185       //
1186       // While the contention group is specified as String, annotation
1187       // values are already interned, and we might as well use the constant
1188       // pool index as the group tag.
1189       //
1190       u2 group_index = 0; // default contended group
1191       if (count == 1
1192         && s_size == (index - index0)  // match size
1193         && s_tag_val == *(abase + tag_off)
1194         && member == vmSymbols::value_name()) {
1195         group_index = Bytes::get_Java_u2((address)abase + s_con_off);
1196         if (cp->symbol_at(group_index)->utf8_length() == 0) {
1197           group_index = 0; // default contended group
1198         }
1199       }
1200       coll->set_contended_group(group_index);
1201     }
1202   }
1203 }
1204 
1205 
1206 // Parse attributes for a field.
1207 void ClassFileParser::parse_field_attributes(const ClassFileStream* const cfs,
1208                                              u2 attributes_count,
1209                                              bool is_static, u2 signature_index,
1210                                              u2* const constantvalue_index_addr,
1211                                              bool* const is_synthetic_addr,
1212                                              u2* const generic_signature_index_addr,
1213                                              ClassFileParser::FieldAnnotationCollector* parsed_annotations,
1214                                              TRAPS) {
1215   assert(cfs != nullptr, "invariant");
1216   assert(constantvalue_index_addr != nullptr, "invariant");
1217   assert(is_synthetic_addr != nullptr, "invariant");
1218   assert(generic_signature_index_addr != nullptr, "invariant");
1219   assert(parsed_annotations != nullptr, "invariant");
1220   assert(attributes_count > 0, "attributes_count should be greater than 0");
1221 
1222   u2 constantvalue_index = 0;
1223   u2 generic_signature_index = 0;
1224   bool is_synthetic = false;
1225   const u1* runtime_visible_annotations = nullptr;
1226   int runtime_visible_annotations_length = 0;
1227   const u1* runtime_invisible_annotations = nullptr;
1228   int runtime_invisible_annotations_length = 0;
1229   const u1* runtime_visible_type_annotations = nullptr;
1230   int runtime_visible_type_annotations_length = 0;
1231   const u1* runtime_invisible_type_annotations = nullptr;
1232   int runtime_invisible_type_annotations_length = 0;
1233   bool runtime_invisible_annotations_exists = false;
1234   bool runtime_invisible_type_annotations_exists = false;
1235   const ConstantPool* const cp = _cp;
1236 
1237   while (attributes_count--) {
1238     cfs->guarantee_more(6, CHECK);  // attribute_name_index, attribute_length
1239     const u2 attribute_name_index = cfs->get_u2_fast();
1240     const u4 attribute_length = cfs->get_u4_fast();
1241     check_property(valid_symbol_at(attribute_name_index),
1242                    "Invalid field attribute index %u in class file %s",
1243                    attribute_name_index,
1244                    CHECK);
1245 
1246     const Symbol* const attribute_name = cp->symbol_at(attribute_name_index);
1247     if (is_static && attribute_name == vmSymbols::tag_constant_value()) {
1248       // ignore if non-static
1249       if (constantvalue_index != 0) {
1250         classfile_parse_error("Duplicate ConstantValue attribute in class file %s", THREAD);
1251         return;
1252       }
1253       check_property(
1254         attribute_length == 2,
1255         "Invalid ConstantValue field attribute length %u in class file %s",
1256         attribute_length, CHECK);
1257 
1258       constantvalue_index = cfs->get_u2(CHECK);
1259       if (_need_verify) {
1260         verify_constantvalue(cp, constantvalue_index, signature_index, CHECK);
1261       }
1262     } else if (attribute_name == vmSymbols::tag_synthetic()) {
1263       if (attribute_length != 0) {
1264         classfile_parse_error(
1265           "Invalid Synthetic field attribute length %u in class file %s",
1266           attribute_length, THREAD);
1267         return;
1268       }
1269       is_synthetic = true;
1270     } else if (attribute_name == vmSymbols::tag_deprecated()) { // 4276120
1271       if (attribute_length != 0) {
1272         classfile_parse_error(
1273           "Invalid Deprecated field attribute length %u in class file %s",
1274           attribute_length, THREAD);
1275         return;
1276       }
1277     } else if (_major_version >= JAVA_1_5_VERSION) {
1278       if (attribute_name == vmSymbols::tag_signature()) {
1279         if (generic_signature_index != 0) {
1280           classfile_parse_error(
1281             "Multiple Signature attributes for field in class file %s", THREAD);
1282           return;
1283         }
1284         if (attribute_length != 2) {
1285           classfile_parse_error(
1286             "Wrong size %u for field's Signature attribute in class file %s",
1287             attribute_length, THREAD);
1288           return;
1289         }
1290         generic_signature_index = parse_generic_signature_attribute(cfs, CHECK);
1291       } else if (attribute_name == vmSymbols::tag_runtime_visible_annotations()) {
1292         if (runtime_visible_annotations != nullptr) {
1293           classfile_parse_error(
1294             "Multiple RuntimeVisibleAnnotations attributes for field in class file %s", THREAD);
1295           return;
1296         }
1297         runtime_visible_annotations_length = attribute_length;
1298         runtime_visible_annotations = cfs->current();
1299         assert(runtime_visible_annotations != nullptr, "null visible annotations");
1300         cfs->guarantee_more(runtime_visible_annotations_length, CHECK);
1301         parse_annotations(cp,
1302                           runtime_visible_annotations,
1303                           runtime_visible_annotations_length,
1304                           parsed_annotations,
1305                           _loader_data,
1306                           _can_access_vm_annotations);
1307         cfs->skip_u1_fast(runtime_visible_annotations_length);
1308       } else if (attribute_name == vmSymbols::tag_runtime_invisible_annotations()) {
1309         if (runtime_invisible_annotations_exists) {
1310           classfile_parse_error(
1311             "Multiple RuntimeInvisibleAnnotations attributes for field in class file %s", THREAD);
1312           return;
1313         }
1314         runtime_invisible_annotations_exists = true;
1315         if (PreserveAllAnnotations) {
1316           runtime_invisible_annotations_length = attribute_length;
1317           runtime_invisible_annotations = cfs->current();
1318           assert(runtime_invisible_annotations != nullptr, "null invisible annotations");
1319         }
1320         cfs->skip_u1(attribute_length, CHECK);
1321       } else if (attribute_name == vmSymbols::tag_runtime_visible_type_annotations()) {
1322         if (runtime_visible_type_annotations != nullptr) {
1323           classfile_parse_error(
1324             "Multiple RuntimeVisibleTypeAnnotations attributes for field in class file %s", THREAD);
1325           return;
1326         }
1327         runtime_visible_type_annotations_length = attribute_length;
1328         runtime_visible_type_annotations = cfs->current();
1329         assert(runtime_visible_type_annotations != nullptr, "null visible type annotations");
1330         cfs->skip_u1(runtime_visible_type_annotations_length, CHECK);
1331       } else if (attribute_name == vmSymbols::tag_runtime_invisible_type_annotations()) {
1332         if (runtime_invisible_type_annotations_exists) {
1333           classfile_parse_error(
1334             "Multiple RuntimeInvisibleTypeAnnotations attributes for field in class file %s", THREAD);
1335           return;
1336         } else {
1337           runtime_invisible_type_annotations_exists = true;
1338         }
1339         if (PreserveAllAnnotations) {
1340           runtime_invisible_type_annotations_length = attribute_length;
1341           runtime_invisible_type_annotations = cfs->current();
1342           assert(runtime_invisible_type_annotations != nullptr, "null invisible type annotations");
1343         }
1344         cfs->skip_u1(attribute_length, CHECK);
1345       } else {
1346         cfs->skip_u1(attribute_length, CHECK);  // Skip unknown attributes
1347       }
1348     } else {
1349       cfs->skip_u1(attribute_length, CHECK);  // Skip unknown attributes
1350     }
1351   }
1352 
1353   *constantvalue_index_addr = constantvalue_index;
1354   *is_synthetic_addr = is_synthetic;
1355   *generic_signature_index_addr = generic_signature_index;
1356   AnnotationArray* a = assemble_annotations(runtime_visible_annotations,
1357                                             runtime_visible_annotations_length,
1358                                             runtime_invisible_annotations,
1359                                             runtime_invisible_annotations_length,
1360                                             CHECK);
1361   parsed_annotations->set_field_annotations(a);
1362   a = assemble_annotations(runtime_visible_type_annotations,
1363                            runtime_visible_type_annotations_length,
1364                            runtime_invisible_type_annotations,
1365                            runtime_invisible_type_annotations_length,
1366                            CHECK);
1367   parsed_annotations->set_field_type_annotations(a);
1368   return;
1369 }
1370 
1371 
1372 // Field allocation types. Used for computing field offsets.
1373 
1374 enum FieldAllocationType {
1375   STATIC_OOP,           // Oops
1376   STATIC_BYTE,          // Boolean, Byte, char
1377   STATIC_SHORT,         // shorts
1378   STATIC_WORD,          // ints
1379   STATIC_DOUBLE,        // aligned long or double
1380   NONSTATIC_OOP,
1381   NONSTATIC_BYTE,
1382   NONSTATIC_SHORT,
1383   NONSTATIC_WORD,
1384   NONSTATIC_DOUBLE,
1385   MAX_FIELD_ALLOCATION_TYPE,
1386   BAD_ALLOCATION_TYPE = -1
1387 };
1388 
1389 static FieldAllocationType _basic_type_to_atype[2 * (T_CONFLICT + 1)] = {
1390   BAD_ALLOCATION_TYPE, // 0
1391   BAD_ALLOCATION_TYPE, // 1
1392   BAD_ALLOCATION_TYPE, // 2
1393   BAD_ALLOCATION_TYPE, // 3
1394   NONSTATIC_BYTE ,     // T_BOOLEAN     =  4,
1395   NONSTATIC_SHORT,     // T_CHAR        =  5,
1396   NONSTATIC_WORD,      // T_FLOAT       =  6,
1397   NONSTATIC_DOUBLE,    // T_DOUBLE      =  7,
1398   NONSTATIC_BYTE,      // T_BYTE        =  8,
1399   NONSTATIC_SHORT,     // T_SHORT       =  9,
1400   NONSTATIC_WORD,      // T_INT         = 10,
1401   NONSTATIC_DOUBLE,    // T_LONG        = 11,
1402   NONSTATIC_OOP,       // T_OBJECT      = 12,
1403   NONSTATIC_OOP,       // T_ARRAY       = 13,
1404   BAD_ALLOCATION_TYPE, // T_VOID        = 14,
1405   BAD_ALLOCATION_TYPE, // T_ADDRESS     = 15,
1406   BAD_ALLOCATION_TYPE, // T_NARROWOOP   = 16,
1407   BAD_ALLOCATION_TYPE, // T_METADATA    = 17,
1408   BAD_ALLOCATION_TYPE, // T_NARROWKLASS = 18,
1409   BAD_ALLOCATION_TYPE, // T_CONFLICT    = 19,
1410   BAD_ALLOCATION_TYPE, // 0
1411   BAD_ALLOCATION_TYPE, // 1
1412   BAD_ALLOCATION_TYPE, // 2
1413   BAD_ALLOCATION_TYPE, // 3
1414   STATIC_BYTE ,        // T_BOOLEAN     =  4,
1415   STATIC_SHORT,        // T_CHAR        =  5,
1416   STATIC_WORD,         // T_FLOAT       =  6,
1417   STATIC_DOUBLE,       // T_DOUBLE      =  7,
1418   STATIC_BYTE,         // T_BYTE        =  8,
1419   STATIC_SHORT,        // T_SHORT       =  9,
1420   STATIC_WORD,         // T_INT         = 10,
1421   STATIC_DOUBLE,       // T_LONG        = 11,
1422   STATIC_OOP,          // T_OBJECT      = 12,
1423   STATIC_OOP,          // T_ARRAY       = 13,
1424   BAD_ALLOCATION_TYPE, // T_VOID        = 14,
1425   BAD_ALLOCATION_TYPE, // T_ADDRESS     = 15,
1426   BAD_ALLOCATION_TYPE, // T_NARROWOOP   = 16,
1427   BAD_ALLOCATION_TYPE, // T_METADATA    = 17,
1428   BAD_ALLOCATION_TYPE, // T_NARROWKLASS = 18,
1429   BAD_ALLOCATION_TYPE, // T_CONFLICT    = 19,
1430 };
1431 
1432 static FieldAllocationType basic_type_to_atype(bool is_static, BasicType type) {
1433   assert(type >= T_BOOLEAN && type < T_VOID, "only allowable values");
1434   FieldAllocationType result = _basic_type_to_atype[type + (is_static ? (T_CONFLICT + 1) : 0)];
1435   assert(result != BAD_ALLOCATION_TYPE, "bad type");
1436   return result;
1437 }
1438 
1439 class ClassFileParser::FieldAllocationCount : public ResourceObj {
1440  public:
1441   u2 count[MAX_FIELD_ALLOCATION_TYPE];
1442 
1443   FieldAllocationCount() {
1444     for (int i = 0; i < MAX_FIELD_ALLOCATION_TYPE; i++) {
1445       count[i] = 0;
1446     }
1447   }
1448 
1449   void update(bool is_static, BasicType type) {
1450     FieldAllocationType atype = basic_type_to_atype(is_static, type);
1451     if (atype != BAD_ALLOCATION_TYPE) {
1452       // Make sure there is no overflow with injected fields.
1453       assert(count[atype] < 0xFFFF, "More than 65535 fields");
1454       count[atype]++;
1455     }
1456   }
1457 };
1458 
1459 // Side-effects: populates the _fields, _fields_annotations,
1460 // _fields_type_annotations fields
1461 void ClassFileParser::parse_fields(const ClassFileStream* const cfs,
1462                                    bool is_interface,
1463                                    FieldAllocationCount* const fac,
1464                                    ConstantPool* cp,
1465                                    const int cp_size,
1466                                    u2* const java_fields_count_ptr,
1467                                    TRAPS) {
1468 
1469   assert(cfs != nullptr, "invariant");
1470   assert(fac != nullptr, "invariant");
1471   assert(cp != nullptr, "invariant");
1472   assert(java_fields_count_ptr != nullptr, "invariant");
1473 
1474   assert(nullptr == _fields, "invariant");
1475   assert(nullptr == _fields_annotations, "invariant");
1476   assert(nullptr == _fields_type_annotations, "invariant");
1477 
1478   cfs->guarantee_more(2, CHECK);  // length
1479   const u2 length = cfs->get_u2_fast();
1480   *java_fields_count_ptr = length;
1481 
1482   int num_injected = 0;
1483   const InjectedField* const injected = JavaClasses::get_injected(_class_name,
1484                                                                   &num_injected);
1485   const int total_fields = length + num_injected;
1486 
1487   // The field array starts with tuples of shorts
1488   // [access, name index, sig index, initial value index, byte offset].
1489   // A generic signature slot only exists for field with generic
1490   // signature attribute. And the access flag is set with
1491   // JVM_ACC_FIELD_HAS_GENERIC_SIGNATURE for that field. The generic
1492   // signature slots are at the end of the field array and after all
1493   // other fields data.
1494   //
1495   //   f1: [access, name index, sig index, initial value index, low_offset, high_offset]
1496   //   f2: [access, name index, sig index, initial value index, low_offset, high_offset]
1497   //       ...
1498   //   fn: [access, name index, sig index, initial value index, low_offset, high_offset]
1499   //       [generic signature index]
1500   //       [generic signature index]
1501   //       ...
1502   //
1503   // Allocate a temporary resource array for field data. For each field,
1504   // a slot is reserved in the temporary array for the generic signature
1505   // index. After parsing all fields, the data are copied to a permanent
1506   // array and any unused slots will be discarded.
1507   ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
1508   u2* const fa = NEW_RESOURCE_ARRAY_IN_THREAD(THREAD,
1509                                               u2,
1510                                               total_fields * (FieldInfo::field_slots + 1));
1511 
1512   // The generic signature slots start after all other fields' data.
1513   int generic_signature_slot = total_fields * FieldInfo::field_slots;
1514   int num_generic_signature = 0;
1515   for (int n = 0; n < length; n++) {
1516     // access_flags, name_index, descriptor_index, attributes_count
1517     cfs->guarantee_more(8, CHECK);
1518 
1519     AccessFlags access_flags;
1520     const jint flags = cfs->get_u2_fast() & JVM_RECOGNIZED_FIELD_MODIFIERS;
1521     verify_legal_field_modifiers(flags, is_interface, CHECK);
1522     access_flags.set_flags(flags);
1523 
1524     const u2 name_index = cfs->get_u2_fast();
1525     check_property(valid_symbol_at(name_index),
1526       "Invalid constant pool index %u for field name in class file %s",
1527       name_index, CHECK);
1528     const Symbol* const name = cp->symbol_at(name_index);
1529     verify_legal_field_name(name, CHECK);
1530 
1531     const u2 signature_index = cfs->get_u2_fast();
1532     check_property(valid_symbol_at(signature_index),
1533       "Invalid constant pool index %u for field signature in class file %s",
1534       signature_index, CHECK);
1535     const Symbol* const sig = cp->symbol_at(signature_index);
1536     verify_legal_field_signature(name, sig, CHECK);
1537 
1538     u2 constantvalue_index = 0;
1539     bool is_synthetic = false;
1540     u2 generic_signature_index = 0;
1541     const bool is_static = access_flags.is_static();
1542     FieldAnnotationCollector parsed_annotations(_loader_data);
1543 
1544     const u2 attributes_count = cfs->get_u2_fast();
1545     if (attributes_count > 0) {
1546       parse_field_attributes(cfs,
1547                              attributes_count,
1548                              is_static,
1549                              signature_index,
1550                              &constantvalue_index,
1551                              &is_synthetic,
1552                              &generic_signature_index,
1553                              &parsed_annotations,
1554                              CHECK);
1555 
1556       if (parsed_annotations.field_annotations() != nullptr) {
1557         if (_fields_annotations == nullptr) {
1558           _fields_annotations = MetadataFactory::new_array<AnnotationArray*>(
1559                                              _loader_data, length, nullptr,
1560                                              CHECK);
1561         }
1562         _fields_annotations->at_put(n, parsed_annotations.field_annotations());
1563         parsed_annotations.set_field_annotations(nullptr);
1564       }
1565       if (parsed_annotations.field_type_annotations() != nullptr) {
1566         if (_fields_type_annotations == nullptr) {
1567           _fields_type_annotations =
1568             MetadataFactory::new_array<AnnotationArray*>(_loader_data,
1569                                                          length,
1570                                                          nullptr,
1571                                                          CHECK);
1572         }
1573         _fields_type_annotations->at_put(n, parsed_annotations.field_type_annotations());
1574         parsed_annotations.set_field_type_annotations(nullptr);
1575       }
1576 
1577       if (is_synthetic) {
1578         access_flags.set_is_synthetic();
1579       }
1580       if (generic_signature_index != 0) {
1581         access_flags.set_field_has_generic_signature();
1582         fa[generic_signature_slot] = generic_signature_index;
1583         generic_signature_slot ++;
1584         num_generic_signature ++;
1585       }
1586     }
1587 
1588     FieldInfo* const field = FieldInfo::from_field_array(fa, n);
1589     field->initialize(access_flags.as_short(),
1590                       name_index,
1591                       signature_index,
1592                       constantvalue_index);
1593     const BasicType type = cp->basic_type_for_signature_at(signature_index);
1594 
1595     // Update FieldAllocationCount for this kind of field
1596     fac->update(is_static, type);
1597 
1598     // After field is initialized with type, we can augment it with aux info
1599     if (parsed_annotations.has_any_annotations()) {
1600       parsed_annotations.apply_to(field);
1601       if (field->is_contended()) {
1602         _has_contended_fields = true;
1603       }
1604     }
1605   }
1606 
1607   int index = length;
1608   if (num_injected != 0) {
1609     for (int n = 0; n < num_injected; n++) {
1610       // Check for duplicates
1611       if (injected[n].may_be_java) {
1612         const Symbol* const name      = injected[n].name();
1613         const Symbol* const signature = injected[n].signature();
1614         bool duplicate = false;
1615         for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
1616           const FieldInfo* const f = FieldInfo::from_field_array(fa, i);
1617           if (name      == cp->symbol_at(f->name_index()) &&
1618               signature == cp->symbol_at(f->signature_index())) {
1619             // Symbol is desclared in Java so skip this one
1620             duplicate = true;
1621             break;
1622           }
1623         }
1624         if (duplicate) {
1625           // These will be removed from the field array at the end
1626           continue;
1627         }
1628       }
1629 
1630       // Injected field
1631       FieldInfo* const field = FieldInfo::from_field_array(fa, index);
1632       field->initialize((u2)JVM_ACC_FIELD_INTERNAL,
1633                         (u2)(injected[n].name_index),
1634                         (u2)(injected[n].signature_index),
1635                         0);
1636 
1637       const BasicType type = Signature::basic_type(injected[n].signature());
1638 
1639       // Update FieldAllocationCount for this kind of field
1640       fac->update(false, type);
1641       index++;
1642     }
1643   }
1644 
1645   assert(nullptr == _fields, "invariant");
1646 
1647   _fields =
1648     MetadataFactory::new_array<u2>(_loader_data,
1649                                    index * FieldInfo::field_slots + num_generic_signature,
1650                                    CHECK);
1651   // Sometimes injected fields already exist in the Java source so
1652   // the fields array could be too long.  In that case the
1653   // fields array is trimmed. Also unused slots that were reserved
1654   // for generic signature indexes are discarded.
1655   {
1656     int i = 0;
1657     for (; i < index * FieldInfo::field_slots; i++) {
1658       _fields->at_put(i, fa[i]);
1659     }
1660     for (int j = total_fields * FieldInfo::field_slots;
1661          j < generic_signature_slot; j++) {
1662       _fields->at_put(i++, fa[j]);
1663     }
1664     assert(_fields->length() == i, "");
1665   }
1666 
1667   if (_need_verify && length > 1) {
1668     // Check duplicated fields
1669     ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
1670     NameSigHash** names_and_sigs = NEW_RESOURCE_ARRAY_IN_THREAD(
1671       THREAD, NameSigHash*, HASH_ROW_SIZE);
1672     initialize_hashtable(names_and_sigs);
1673     bool dup = false;
1674     const Symbol* name = nullptr;
1675     const Symbol* sig = nullptr;
1676     {
1677       debug_only(NoSafepointVerifier nsv;)
1678       for (AllFieldStream fs(_fields, cp); !fs.done(); fs.next()) {
1679         name = fs.name();
1680         sig = fs.signature();
1681         // If no duplicates, add name/signature in hashtable names_and_sigs.
1682         if (!put_after_lookup(name, sig, names_and_sigs)) {
1683           dup = true;
1684           break;
1685         }
1686       }
1687     }
1688     if (dup) {
1689       classfile_parse_error("Duplicate field name \"%s\" with signature \"%s\" in class file %s",
1690                              name->as_C_string(), sig->as_klass_external_name(), THREAD);
1691     }
1692   }
1693 }
1694 
1695 
1696 const ClassFileParser::unsafe_u2* ClassFileParser::parse_exception_table(const ClassFileStream* const cfs,
1697                                                                          u4 code_length,
1698                                                                          u4 exception_table_length,
1699                                                                          TRAPS) {
1700   assert(cfs != nullptr, "invariant");
1701 
1702   const unsafe_u2* const exception_table_start = cfs->current();
1703   assert(exception_table_start != nullptr, "null exception table");
1704 
1705   cfs->guarantee_more(8 * exception_table_length, CHECK_NULL); // start_pc,
1706                                                                // end_pc,
1707                                                                // handler_pc,
1708                                                                // catch_type_index
1709 
1710   // Will check legal target after parsing code array in verifier.
1711   if (_need_verify) {
1712     for (unsigned int i = 0; i < exception_table_length; i++) {
1713       const u2 start_pc = cfs->get_u2_fast();
1714       const u2 end_pc = cfs->get_u2_fast();
1715       const u2 handler_pc = cfs->get_u2_fast();
1716       const u2 catch_type_index = cfs->get_u2_fast();
1717       guarantee_property((start_pc < end_pc) && (end_pc <= code_length),
1718                          "Illegal exception table range in class file %s",
1719                          CHECK_NULL);
1720       guarantee_property(handler_pc < code_length,
1721                          "Illegal exception table handler in class file %s",
1722                          CHECK_NULL);
1723       if (catch_type_index != 0) {
1724         guarantee_property(valid_klass_reference_at(catch_type_index),
1725                            "Catch type in exception table has bad constant type in class file %s", CHECK_NULL);
1726       }
1727     }
1728   } else {
1729     cfs->skip_u2_fast(exception_table_length * 4);
1730   }
1731   return exception_table_start;
1732 }
1733 
1734 void ClassFileParser::parse_linenumber_table(u4 code_attribute_length,
1735                                              u4 code_length,
1736                                              CompressedLineNumberWriteStream**const write_stream,
1737                                              TRAPS) {
1738 
1739   const ClassFileStream* const cfs = _stream;
1740   unsigned int num_entries = cfs->get_u2(CHECK);
1741 
1742   // Each entry is a u2 start_pc, and a u2 line_number
1743   const unsigned int length_in_bytes = num_entries * (sizeof(u2) * 2);
1744 
1745   // Verify line number attribute and table length
1746   check_property(
1747     code_attribute_length == sizeof(u2) + length_in_bytes,
1748     "LineNumberTable attribute has wrong length in class file %s", CHECK);
1749 
1750   cfs->guarantee_more(length_in_bytes, CHECK);
1751 
1752   if ((*write_stream) == nullptr) {
1753     if (length_in_bytes > fixed_buffer_size) {
1754       (*write_stream) = new CompressedLineNumberWriteStream(length_in_bytes);
1755     } else {
1756       (*write_stream) = new CompressedLineNumberWriteStream(
1757         _linenumbertable_buffer, fixed_buffer_size);
1758     }
1759   }
1760 
1761   while (num_entries-- > 0) {
1762     const u2 bci  = cfs->get_u2_fast(); // start_pc
1763     const u2 line = cfs->get_u2_fast(); // line_number
1764     guarantee_property(bci < code_length,
1765         "Invalid pc in LineNumberTable in class file %s", CHECK);
1766     (*write_stream)->write_pair(bci, line);
1767   }
1768 }
1769 
1770 
1771 class LVT_Hash : public AllStatic {
1772  public:
1773 
1774   static bool equals(LocalVariableTableElement const& e0, LocalVariableTableElement const& e1) {
1775   /*
1776    * 3-tuple start_bci/length/slot has to be unique key,
1777    * so the following comparison seems to be redundant:
1778    *       && elem->name_cp_index == entry->_elem->name_cp_index
1779    */
1780     return (e0.start_bci     == e1.start_bci &&
1781             e0.length        == e1.length &&
1782             e0.name_cp_index == e1.name_cp_index &&
1783             e0.slot          == e1.slot);
1784   }
1785 
1786   static unsigned int hash(LocalVariableTableElement const& e0) {
1787     unsigned int raw_hash = e0.start_bci;
1788 
1789     raw_hash = e0.length        + raw_hash * 37;
1790     raw_hash = e0.name_cp_index + raw_hash * 37;
1791     raw_hash = e0.slot          + raw_hash * 37;
1792 
1793     return raw_hash;
1794   }
1795 };
1796 
1797 
1798 // Class file LocalVariableTable elements.
1799 class Classfile_LVT_Element {
1800  public:
1801   u2 start_bci;
1802   u2 length;
1803   u2 name_cp_index;
1804   u2 descriptor_cp_index;
1805   u2 slot;
1806 };
1807 
1808 static void copy_lvt_element(const Classfile_LVT_Element* const src,
1809                              LocalVariableTableElement* const lvt) {
1810   lvt->start_bci           = Bytes::get_Java_u2((u1*) &src->start_bci);
1811   lvt->length              = Bytes::get_Java_u2((u1*) &src->length);
1812   lvt->name_cp_index       = Bytes::get_Java_u2((u1*) &src->name_cp_index);
1813   lvt->descriptor_cp_index = Bytes::get_Java_u2((u1*) &src->descriptor_cp_index);
1814   lvt->signature_cp_index  = 0;
1815   lvt->slot                = Bytes::get_Java_u2((u1*) &src->slot);
1816 }
1817 
1818 // Function is used to parse both attributes:
1819 // LocalVariableTable (LVT) and LocalVariableTypeTable (LVTT)
1820 const ClassFileParser::unsafe_u2* ClassFileParser::parse_localvariable_table(const ClassFileStream* cfs,
1821                                                                              u4 code_length,
1822                                                                              u2 max_locals,
1823                                                                              u4 code_attribute_length,
1824                                                                              u2* const localvariable_table_length,
1825                                                                              bool isLVTT,
1826                                                                              TRAPS) {
1827   const char* const tbl_name = (isLVTT) ? "LocalVariableTypeTable" : "LocalVariableTable";
1828   *localvariable_table_length = cfs->get_u2(CHECK_NULL);
1829   const unsigned int size =
1830     (*localvariable_table_length) * sizeof(Classfile_LVT_Element) / sizeof(u2);
1831 
1832   const ConstantPool* const cp = _cp;
1833 
1834   // Verify local variable table attribute has right length
1835   if (_need_verify) {
1836     guarantee_property(code_attribute_length == (sizeof(*localvariable_table_length) + size * sizeof(u2)),
1837                        "%s has wrong length in class file %s", tbl_name, CHECK_NULL);
1838   }
1839 
1840   const unsafe_u2* const localvariable_table_start = cfs->current();
1841   assert(localvariable_table_start != nullptr, "null local variable table");
1842   if (!_need_verify) {
1843     cfs->skip_u2_fast(size);
1844   } else {
1845     cfs->guarantee_more(size * 2, CHECK_NULL);
1846     for(int i = 0; i < (*localvariable_table_length); i++) {
1847       const u2 start_pc = cfs->get_u2_fast();
1848       const u2 length = cfs->get_u2_fast();
1849       const u2 name_index = cfs->get_u2_fast();
1850       const u2 descriptor_index = cfs->get_u2_fast();
1851       const u2 index = cfs->get_u2_fast();
1852       // Assign to a u4 to avoid overflow
1853       const u4 end_pc = (u4)start_pc + (u4)length;
1854 
1855       if (start_pc >= code_length) {
1856         classfile_parse_error(
1857           "Invalid start_pc %u in %s in class file %s",
1858           start_pc, tbl_name, THREAD);
1859         return nullptr;
1860       }
1861       if (end_pc > code_length) {
1862         classfile_parse_error(
1863           "Invalid length %u in %s in class file %s",
1864           length, tbl_name, THREAD);
1865         return nullptr;
1866       }
1867       const int cp_size = cp->length();
1868       guarantee_property(valid_symbol_at(name_index),
1869         "Name index %u in %s has bad constant type in class file %s",
1870         name_index, tbl_name, CHECK_NULL);
1871       guarantee_property(valid_symbol_at(descriptor_index),
1872         "Signature index %u in %s has bad constant type in class file %s",
1873         descriptor_index, tbl_name, CHECK_NULL);
1874 
1875       const Symbol* const name = cp->symbol_at(name_index);
1876       const Symbol* const sig = cp->symbol_at(descriptor_index);
1877       verify_legal_field_name(name, CHECK_NULL);
1878       u2 extra_slot = 0;
1879       if (!isLVTT) {
1880         verify_legal_field_signature(name, sig, CHECK_NULL);
1881 
1882         // 4894874: check special cases for double and long local variables
1883         if (sig == vmSymbols::type_signature(T_DOUBLE) ||
1884             sig == vmSymbols::type_signature(T_LONG)) {
1885           extra_slot = 1;
1886         }
1887       }
1888       guarantee_property((index + extra_slot) < max_locals,
1889                           "Invalid index %u in %s in class file %s",
1890                           index, tbl_name, CHECK_NULL);
1891     }
1892   }
1893   return localvariable_table_start;
1894 }
1895 
1896 static const u1* parse_stackmap_table(const ClassFileStream* const cfs,
1897                                       u4 code_attribute_length,
1898                                       bool need_verify,
1899                                       TRAPS) {
1900   assert(cfs != nullptr, "invariant");
1901 
1902   if (0 == code_attribute_length) {
1903     return nullptr;
1904   }
1905 
1906   const u1* const stackmap_table_start = cfs->current();
1907   assert(stackmap_table_start != nullptr, "null stackmap table");
1908 
1909   // check code_attribute_length first
1910   cfs->skip_u1(code_attribute_length, CHECK_NULL);
1911 
1912   if (!need_verify && !DumpSharedSpaces) {
1913     return nullptr;
1914   }
1915   return stackmap_table_start;
1916 }
1917 
1918 const ClassFileParser::unsafe_u2* ClassFileParser::parse_checked_exceptions(const ClassFileStream* const cfs,
1919                                                                             u2* const checked_exceptions_length,
1920                                                                             u4 method_attribute_length,
1921                                                                             TRAPS) {
1922   assert(cfs != nullptr, "invariant");
1923   assert(checked_exceptions_length != nullptr, "invariant");
1924 
1925   cfs->guarantee_more(2, CHECK_NULL);  // checked_exceptions_length
1926   *checked_exceptions_length = cfs->get_u2_fast();
1927   const unsigned int size =
1928     (*checked_exceptions_length) * sizeof(CheckedExceptionElement) / sizeof(u2);
1929   const unsafe_u2* const checked_exceptions_start = cfs->current();
1930   assert(checked_exceptions_start != nullptr, "null checked exceptions");
1931   if (!_need_verify) {
1932     cfs->skip_u2_fast(size);
1933   } else {
1934     // Verify each value in the checked exception table
1935     u2 checked_exception;
1936     const u2 len = *checked_exceptions_length;
1937     cfs->guarantee_more(2 * len, CHECK_NULL);
1938     for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {
1939       checked_exception = cfs->get_u2_fast();
1940       check_property(
1941         valid_klass_reference_at(checked_exception),
1942         "Exception name has bad type at constant pool %u in class file %s",
1943         checked_exception, CHECK_NULL);
1944     }
1945   }
1946   // check exceptions attribute length
1947   if (_need_verify) {
1948     guarantee_property(method_attribute_length == (sizeof(*checked_exceptions_length) +
1949                                                    sizeof(u2) * size),
1950                       "Exceptions attribute has wrong length in class file %s", CHECK_NULL);
1951   }
1952   return checked_exceptions_start;
1953 }
1954 
1955 void ClassFileParser::throwIllegalSignature(const char* type,
1956                                             const Symbol* name,
1957                                             const Symbol* sig,
1958                                             TRAPS) const {
1959   assert(name != nullptr, "invariant");
1960   assert(sig != nullptr, "invariant");
1961 
1962   ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
1963   Exceptions::fthrow(THREAD_AND_LOCATION,
1964       vmSymbols::java_lang_ClassFormatError(),
1965       "%s \"%s\" in class %s has illegal signature \"%s\"", type,
1966       name->as_C_string(), _class_name->as_C_string(), sig->as_C_string());
1967 }
1968 
1969 AnnotationCollector::ID
1970 AnnotationCollector::annotation_index(const ClassLoaderData* loader_data,
1971                                       const Symbol* name,
1972                                       const bool can_access_vm_annotations) {
1973   const vmSymbolID sid = vmSymbols::find_sid(name);
1974   // Privileged code can use all annotations.  Other code silently drops some.
1975   const bool privileged = loader_data->is_boot_class_loader_data() ||
1976                           loader_data->is_platform_class_loader_data() ||
1977                           can_access_vm_annotations;
1978   switch (sid) {
1979     case VM_SYMBOL_ENUM_NAME(reflect_CallerSensitive_signature): {
1980       if (_location != _in_method)  break;  // only allow for methods
1981       if (!privileged)              break;  // only allow in privileged code
1982       return _method_CallerSensitive;
1983     }
1984     case VM_SYMBOL_ENUM_NAME(jdk_internal_vm_annotation_ForceInline_signature): {
1985       if (_location != _in_method)  break;  // only allow for methods
1986       if (!privileged)              break;  // only allow in privileged code
1987       return _method_ForceInline;
1988     }
1989     case VM_SYMBOL_ENUM_NAME(jdk_internal_vm_annotation_DontInline_signature): {
1990       if (_location != _in_method)  break;  // only allow for methods
1991       if (!privileged)              break;  // only allow in privileged code
1992       return _method_DontInline;
1993     }
1994     case VM_SYMBOL_ENUM_NAME(jdk_internal_vm_annotation_ChangesCurrentThread_signature): {
1995       if (_location != _in_method)  break;  // only allow for methods
1996       if (!privileged)              break;  // only allow in privileged code
1997       return _method_ChangesCurrentThread;
1998     }
1999     case VM_SYMBOL_ENUM_NAME(jdk_internal_vm_annotation_JvmtiMountTransition_signature): {
2000       if (_location != _in_method)  break;  // only allow for methods
2001       if (!privileged)              break;  // only allow in privileged code
2002       return _method_JvmtiMountTransition;
2003     }
2004     case VM_SYMBOL_ENUM_NAME(java_lang_invoke_InjectedProfile_signature): {
2005       if (_location != _in_method)  break;  // only allow for methods
2006       if (!privileged)              break;  // only allow in privileged code
2007       return _method_InjectedProfile;
2008     }
2009     case VM_SYMBOL_ENUM_NAME(java_lang_invoke_LambdaForm_Compiled_signature): {
2010       if (_location != _in_method)  break;  // only allow for methods
2011       if (!privileged)              break;  // only allow in privileged code
2012       return _method_LambdaForm_Compiled;
2013     }
2014     case VM_SYMBOL_ENUM_NAME(jdk_internal_vm_annotation_Hidden_signature): {
2015       if (_location != _in_method)  break;  // only allow for methods
2016       if (!privileged)              break;  // only allow in privileged code
2017       return _method_Hidden;
2018     }
2019     case VM_SYMBOL_ENUM_NAME(jdk_internal_misc_Scoped_signature): {
2020       if (_location != _in_method)  break;  // only allow for methods
2021       if (!privileged)              break;  // only allow in privileged code
2022       return _method_Scoped;
2023     }
2024     case VM_SYMBOL_ENUM_NAME(jdk_internal_vm_annotation_IntrinsicCandidate_signature): {
2025       if (_location != _in_method)  break;  // only allow for methods
2026       if (!privileged)              break;  // only allow in privileged code
2027       return _method_IntrinsicCandidate;
2028     }
2029     case VM_SYMBOL_ENUM_NAME(jdk_internal_vm_annotation_Stable_signature): {
2030       if (_location != _in_field)   break;  // only allow for fields
2031       if (!privileged)              break;  // only allow in privileged code
2032       return _field_Stable;
2033     }
2034     case VM_SYMBOL_ENUM_NAME(jdk_internal_vm_annotation_Contended_signature): {
2035       if (_location != _in_field && _location != _in_class) {
2036         break;  // only allow for fields and classes
2037       }
2038       if (!EnableContended || (RestrictContended && !privileged)) {
2039         break;  // honor privileges
2040       }
2041       return _jdk_internal_vm_annotation_Contended;
2042     }
2043     case VM_SYMBOL_ENUM_NAME(jdk_internal_vm_annotation_ReservedStackAccess_signature): {
2044       if (_location != _in_method)  break;  // only allow for methods
2045       if (RestrictReservedStack && !privileged) break; // honor privileges
2046       return _jdk_internal_vm_annotation_ReservedStackAccess;
2047     }
2048     case VM_SYMBOL_ENUM_NAME(jdk_internal_ValueBased_signature): {
2049       if (_location != _in_class)   break;  // only allow for classes
2050       if (!privileged)              break;  // only allow in privileged code
2051       return _jdk_internal_ValueBased;
2052     }
2053     default: {
2054       break;
2055     }
2056   }
2057   return AnnotationCollector::_unknown;
2058 }
2059 
2060 void ClassFileParser::FieldAnnotationCollector::apply_to(FieldInfo* f) {
2061   if (is_contended())
2062     f->set_contended_group(contended_group());
2063   if (is_stable())
2064     f->set_stable(true);
2065 }
2066 
2067 ClassFileParser::FieldAnnotationCollector::~FieldAnnotationCollector() {
2068   // If there's an error deallocate metadata for field annotations
2069   MetadataFactory::free_array<u1>(_loader_data, _field_annotations);
2070   MetadataFactory::free_array<u1>(_loader_data, _field_type_annotations);
2071 }
2072 
2073 void MethodAnnotationCollector::apply_to(const methodHandle& m) {
2074   if (has_annotation(_method_CallerSensitive))
2075     m->set_caller_sensitive(true);
2076   if (has_annotation(_method_ForceInline))
2077     m->set_force_inline(true);
2078   if (has_annotation(_method_DontInline))
2079     m->set_dont_inline(true);
2080   if (has_annotation(_method_ChangesCurrentThread))
2081     m->set_changes_current_thread(true);
2082   if (has_annotation(_method_JvmtiMountTransition))
2083     m->set_jvmti_mount_transition(true);
2084   if (has_annotation(_method_InjectedProfile))
2085     m->set_has_injected_profile(true);
2086   if (has_annotation(_method_LambdaForm_Compiled) && m->intrinsic_id() == vmIntrinsics::_none)
2087     m->set_intrinsic_id(vmIntrinsics::_compiledLambdaForm);
2088   if (has_annotation(_method_Hidden))
2089     m->set_hidden(true);
2090   if (has_annotation(_method_Scoped))
2091     m->set_scoped(true);
2092   if (has_annotation(_method_IntrinsicCandidate) && !m->is_synthetic())
2093     m->set_intrinsic_candidate(true);
2094   if (has_annotation(_jdk_internal_vm_annotation_ReservedStackAccess))
2095     m->set_has_reserved_stack_access(true);
2096 }
2097 
2098 void ClassFileParser::ClassAnnotationCollector::apply_to(InstanceKlass* ik) {
2099   assert(ik != nullptr, "invariant");
2100   if (has_annotation(_jdk_internal_vm_annotation_Contended)) {
2101     ik->set_is_contended(is_contended());
2102   }
2103   if (has_annotation(_jdk_internal_ValueBased)) {
2104     ik->set_has_value_based_class_annotation();
2105     if (DiagnoseSyncOnValueBasedClasses) {
2106       ik->set_is_value_based();
2107     }
2108   }
2109 }
2110 
2111 #define MAX_ARGS_SIZE 255
2112 #define MAX_CODE_SIZE 65535
2113 #define INITIAL_MAX_LVT_NUMBER 256
2114 
2115 /* Copy class file LVT's/LVTT's into the HotSpot internal LVT.
2116  *
2117  * Rules for LVT's and LVTT's are:
2118  *   - There can be any number of LVT's and LVTT's.
2119  *   - If there are n LVT's, it is the same as if there was just
2120  *     one LVT containing all the entries from the n LVT's.
2121  *   - There may be no more than one LVT entry per local variable.
2122  *     Two LVT entries are 'equal' if these fields are the same:
2123  *        start_pc, length, name, slot
2124  *   - There may be no more than one LVTT entry per each LVT entry.
2125  *     Each LVTT entry has to match some LVT entry.
2126  *   - HotSpot internal LVT keeps natural ordering of class file LVT entries.
2127  */
2128 void ClassFileParser::copy_localvariable_table(const ConstMethod* cm,
2129                                                int lvt_cnt,
2130                                                u2* const localvariable_table_length,
2131                                                const unsafe_u2** const localvariable_table_start,
2132                                                int lvtt_cnt,
2133                                                u2* const localvariable_type_table_length,
2134                                                const unsafe_u2** const localvariable_type_table_start,
2135                                                TRAPS) {
2136 
2137   ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
2138 
2139   typedef ResourceHashtable<LocalVariableTableElement, LocalVariableTableElement*,
2140                             256, AnyObj::RESOURCE_AREA, mtInternal,
2141                             &LVT_Hash::hash, &LVT_Hash::equals> LVT_HashTable;
2142 
2143   LVT_HashTable* const table = new LVT_HashTable();
2144 
2145   // To fill LocalVariableTable in
2146   const Classfile_LVT_Element* cf_lvt;
2147   LocalVariableTableElement* lvt = cm->localvariable_table_start();
2148 
2149   for (int tbl_no = 0; tbl_no < lvt_cnt; tbl_no++) {
2150     cf_lvt = (Classfile_LVT_Element *) localvariable_table_start[tbl_no];
2151     for (int idx = 0; idx < localvariable_table_length[tbl_no]; idx++, lvt++) {
2152       copy_lvt_element(&cf_lvt[idx], lvt);
2153       // If no duplicates, add LVT elem in hashtable.
2154       if (table->put(*lvt, lvt) == false
2155           && _need_verify
2156           && _major_version >= JAVA_1_5_VERSION) {
2157         classfile_parse_error("Duplicated LocalVariableTable attribute "
2158                               "entry for '%s' in class file %s",
2159                                _cp->symbol_at(lvt->name_cp_index)->as_utf8(),
2160                                THREAD);
2161         return;
2162       }
2163     }
2164   }
2165 
2166   // To merge LocalVariableTable and LocalVariableTypeTable
2167   const Classfile_LVT_Element* cf_lvtt;
2168   LocalVariableTableElement lvtt_elem;
2169 
2170   for (int tbl_no = 0; tbl_no < lvtt_cnt; tbl_no++) {
2171     cf_lvtt = (Classfile_LVT_Element *) localvariable_type_table_start[tbl_no];
2172     for (int idx = 0; idx < localvariable_type_table_length[tbl_no]; idx++) {
2173       copy_lvt_element(&cf_lvtt[idx], &lvtt_elem);
2174       LocalVariableTableElement** entry = table->get(lvtt_elem);
2175       if (entry == nullptr) {
2176         if (_need_verify) {
2177           classfile_parse_error("LVTT entry for '%s' in class file %s "
2178                                 "does not match any LVT entry",
2179                                  _cp->symbol_at(lvtt_elem.name_cp_index)->as_utf8(),
2180                                  THREAD);
2181           return;
2182         }
2183       } else if ((*entry)->signature_cp_index != 0 && _need_verify) {
2184         classfile_parse_error("Duplicated LocalVariableTypeTable attribute "
2185                               "entry for '%s' in class file %s",
2186                                _cp->symbol_at(lvtt_elem.name_cp_index)->as_utf8(),
2187                                THREAD);
2188         return;
2189       } else {
2190         // to add generic signatures into LocalVariableTable
2191         (*entry)->signature_cp_index = lvtt_elem.descriptor_cp_index;
2192       }
2193     }
2194   }
2195 }
2196 
2197 
2198 void ClassFileParser::copy_method_annotations(ConstMethod* cm,
2199                                        const u1* runtime_visible_annotations,
2200                                        int runtime_visible_annotations_length,
2201                                        const u1* runtime_invisible_annotations,
2202                                        int runtime_invisible_annotations_length,
2203                                        const u1* runtime_visible_parameter_annotations,
2204                                        int runtime_visible_parameter_annotations_length,
2205                                        const u1* runtime_invisible_parameter_annotations,
2206                                        int runtime_invisible_parameter_annotations_length,
2207                                        const u1* runtime_visible_type_annotations,
2208                                        int runtime_visible_type_annotations_length,
2209                                        const u1* runtime_invisible_type_annotations,
2210                                        int runtime_invisible_type_annotations_length,
2211                                        const u1* annotation_default,
2212                                        int annotation_default_length,
2213                                        TRAPS) {
2214 
2215   AnnotationArray* a;
2216 
2217   if (runtime_visible_annotations_length +
2218       runtime_invisible_annotations_length > 0) {
2219      a = assemble_annotations(runtime_visible_annotations,
2220                               runtime_visible_annotations_length,
2221                               runtime_invisible_annotations,
2222                               runtime_invisible_annotations_length,
2223                               CHECK);
2224      cm->set_method_annotations(a);
2225   }
2226 
2227   if (runtime_visible_parameter_annotations_length +
2228       runtime_invisible_parameter_annotations_length > 0) {
2229     a = assemble_annotations(runtime_visible_parameter_annotations,
2230                              runtime_visible_parameter_annotations_length,
2231                              runtime_invisible_parameter_annotations,
2232                              runtime_invisible_parameter_annotations_length,
2233                              CHECK);
2234     cm->set_parameter_annotations(a);
2235   }
2236 
2237   if (annotation_default_length > 0) {
2238     a = assemble_annotations(annotation_default,
2239                              annotation_default_length,
2240                              nullptr,
2241                              0,
2242                              CHECK);
2243     cm->set_default_annotations(a);
2244   }
2245 
2246   if (runtime_visible_type_annotations_length +
2247       runtime_invisible_type_annotations_length > 0) {
2248     a = assemble_annotations(runtime_visible_type_annotations,
2249                              runtime_visible_type_annotations_length,
2250                              runtime_invisible_type_annotations,
2251                              runtime_invisible_type_annotations_length,
2252                              CHECK);
2253     cm->set_type_annotations(a);
2254   }
2255 }
2256 
2257 
2258 // Note: the parse_method below is big and clunky because all parsing of the code and exceptions
2259 // attribute is inlined. This is cumbersome to avoid since we inline most of the parts in the
2260 // Method* to save footprint, so we only know the size of the resulting Method* when the
2261 // entire method attribute is parsed.
2262 //
2263 // The has_localvariable_table parameter is used to pass up the value to InstanceKlass.
2264 
2265 Method* ClassFileParser::parse_method(const ClassFileStream* const cfs,
2266                                       bool is_interface,
2267                                       const ConstantPool* cp,
2268                                       bool* const has_localvariable_table,
2269                                       TRAPS) {
2270   assert(cfs != nullptr, "invariant");
2271   assert(cp != nullptr, "invariant");
2272   assert(has_localvariable_table != nullptr, "invariant");
2273 
2274   ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
2275   // Parse fixed parts:
2276   // access_flags, name_index, descriptor_index, attributes_count
2277   cfs->guarantee_more(8, CHECK_NULL);
2278 
2279   int flags = cfs->get_u2_fast();
2280   const u2 name_index = cfs->get_u2_fast();
2281   const int cp_size = cp->length();
2282   check_property(
2283     valid_symbol_at(name_index),
2284     "Illegal constant pool index %u for method name in class file %s",
2285     name_index, CHECK_NULL);
2286   const Symbol* const name = cp->symbol_at(name_index);
2287   verify_legal_method_name(name, CHECK_NULL);
2288 
2289   const u2 signature_index = cfs->get_u2_fast();
2290   guarantee_property(
2291     valid_symbol_at(signature_index),
2292     "Illegal constant pool index %u for method signature in class file %s",
2293     signature_index, CHECK_NULL);
2294   const Symbol* const signature = cp->symbol_at(signature_index);
2295 
2296   if (name == vmSymbols::class_initializer_name()) {
2297     // We ignore the other access flags for a valid class initializer.
2298     // (JVM Spec 2nd ed., chapter 4.6)
2299     if (_major_version < 51) { // backward compatibility
2300       flags = JVM_ACC_STATIC;
2301     } else if ((flags & JVM_ACC_STATIC) == JVM_ACC_STATIC) {
2302       flags &= JVM_ACC_STATIC | (_major_version <= JAVA_16_VERSION ? JVM_ACC_STRICT : 0);
2303     } else {
2304       classfile_parse_error("Method <clinit> is not static in class file %s", THREAD);
2305       return nullptr;
2306     }
2307   } else {
2308     verify_legal_method_modifiers(flags, is_interface, name, CHECK_NULL);
2309   }
2310 
2311   if (name == vmSymbols::object_initializer_name() && is_interface) {
2312     classfile_parse_error("Interface cannot have a method named <init>, class file %s", THREAD);
2313     return nullptr;
2314   }
2315 
2316   int args_size = -1;  // only used when _need_verify is true
2317   if (_need_verify) {
2318     verify_legal_name_with_signature(name, signature, CHECK_NULL);
2319     args_size = ((flags & JVM_ACC_STATIC) ? 0 : 1) +
2320                  verify_legal_method_signature(name, signature, CHECK_NULL);
2321     if (args_size > MAX_ARGS_SIZE) {
2322       classfile_parse_error("Too many arguments in method signature in class file %s", THREAD);
2323       return nullptr;
2324     }
2325   }
2326 
2327   AccessFlags access_flags(flags & JVM_RECOGNIZED_METHOD_MODIFIERS);
2328 
2329   // Default values for code and exceptions attribute elements
2330   u2 max_stack = 0;
2331   u2 max_locals = 0;
2332   u4 code_length = 0;
2333   const u1* code_start = 0;
2334   u2 exception_table_length = 0;
2335   const unsafe_u2* exception_table_start = nullptr; // (potentially unaligned) pointer to array of u2 elements
2336   Array<int>* exception_handlers = Universe::the_empty_int_array();
2337   u2 checked_exceptions_length = 0;
2338   const unsafe_u2* checked_exceptions_start = nullptr; // (potentially unaligned) pointer to array of u2 elements
2339   CompressedLineNumberWriteStream* linenumber_table = nullptr;
2340   int linenumber_table_length = 0;
2341   int total_lvt_length = 0;
2342   u2 lvt_cnt = 0;
2343   u2 lvtt_cnt = 0;
2344   bool lvt_allocated = false;
2345   u2 max_lvt_cnt = INITIAL_MAX_LVT_NUMBER;
2346   u2 max_lvtt_cnt = INITIAL_MAX_LVT_NUMBER;
2347   u2* localvariable_table_length = nullptr;
2348   const unsafe_u2** localvariable_table_start = nullptr; // (potentially unaligned) pointer to array of LVT attributes
2349   u2* localvariable_type_table_length = nullptr;
2350   const unsafe_u2** localvariable_type_table_start = nullptr; // (potentially unaligned) pointer to LVTT attributes
2351   int method_parameters_length = -1;
2352   const u1* method_parameters_data = nullptr;
2353   bool method_parameters_seen = false;
2354   bool parsed_code_attribute = false;
2355   bool parsed_checked_exceptions_attribute = false;
2356   bool parsed_stackmap_attribute = false;
2357   // stackmap attribute - JDK1.5
2358   const u1* stackmap_data = nullptr;
2359   int stackmap_data_length = 0;
2360   u2 generic_signature_index = 0;
2361   MethodAnnotationCollector parsed_annotations;
2362   const u1* runtime_visible_annotations = nullptr;
2363   int runtime_visible_annotations_length = 0;
2364   const u1* runtime_invisible_annotations = nullptr;
2365   int runtime_invisible_annotations_length = 0;
2366   const u1* runtime_visible_parameter_annotations = nullptr;
2367   int runtime_visible_parameter_annotations_length = 0;
2368   const u1* runtime_invisible_parameter_annotations = nullptr;
2369   int runtime_invisible_parameter_annotations_length = 0;
2370   const u1* runtime_visible_type_annotations = nullptr;
2371   int runtime_visible_type_annotations_length = 0;
2372   const u1* runtime_invisible_type_annotations = nullptr;
2373   int runtime_invisible_type_annotations_length = 0;
2374   bool runtime_invisible_annotations_exists = false;
2375   bool runtime_invisible_type_annotations_exists = false;
2376   bool runtime_invisible_parameter_annotations_exists = false;
2377   const u1* annotation_default = nullptr;
2378   int annotation_default_length = 0;
2379 
2380   // Parse code and exceptions attribute
2381   u2 method_attributes_count = cfs->get_u2_fast();
2382   while (method_attributes_count--) {
2383     cfs->guarantee_more(6, CHECK_NULL);  // method_attribute_name_index, method_attribute_length
2384     const u2 method_attribute_name_index = cfs->get_u2_fast();
2385     const u4 method_attribute_length = cfs->get_u4_fast();
2386     check_property(
2387       valid_symbol_at(method_attribute_name_index),
2388       "Invalid method attribute name index %u in class file %s",
2389       method_attribute_name_index, CHECK_NULL);
2390 
2391     const Symbol* const method_attribute_name = cp->symbol_at(method_attribute_name_index);
2392     if (method_attribute_name == vmSymbols::tag_code()) {
2393       // Parse Code attribute
2394       if (_need_verify) {
2395         guarantee_property(
2396             !access_flags.is_native() && !access_flags.is_abstract(),
2397                         "Code attribute in native or abstract methods in class file %s",
2398                          CHECK_NULL);
2399       }
2400       if (parsed_code_attribute) {
2401         classfile_parse_error("Multiple Code attributes in class file %s",
2402                               THREAD);
2403         return nullptr;
2404       }
2405       parsed_code_attribute = true;
2406 
2407       // Stack size, locals size, and code size
2408       cfs->guarantee_more(8, CHECK_NULL);
2409       max_stack = cfs->get_u2_fast();
2410       max_locals = cfs->get_u2_fast();
2411       code_length = cfs->get_u4_fast();
2412       if (_need_verify) {
2413         guarantee_property(args_size <= max_locals,
2414                            "Arguments can't fit into locals in class file %s",
2415                            CHECK_NULL);
2416         guarantee_property(code_length > 0 && code_length <= MAX_CODE_SIZE,
2417                            "Invalid method Code length %u in class file %s",
2418                            code_length, CHECK_NULL);
2419       }
2420       // Code pointer
2421       code_start = cfs->current();
2422       assert(code_start != nullptr, "null code start");
2423       cfs->guarantee_more(code_length, CHECK_NULL);
2424       cfs->skip_u1_fast(code_length);
2425 
2426       // Exception handler table
2427       cfs->guarantee_more(2, CHECK_NULL);  // exception_table_length
2428       exception_table_length = cfs->get_u2_fast();
2429       if (exception_table_length > 0) {
2430         exception_table_start = parse_exception_table(cfs,
2431                                                       code_length,
2432                                                       exception_table_length,
2433                                                       CHECK_NULL);
2434       }
2435 
2436       // Parse additional attributes in code attribute
2437       cfs->guarantee_more(2, CHECK_NULL);  // code_attributes_count
2438       u2 code_attributes_count = cfs->get_u2_fast();
2439 
2440       unsigned int calculated_attribute_length = 0;
2441 
2442       calculated_attribute_length =
2443           sizeof(max_stack) + sizeof(max_locals) + sizeof(code_length);
2444       calculated_attribute_length +=
2445         code_length +
2446         sizeof(exception_table_length) +
2447         sizeof(code_attributes_count) +
2448         exception_table_length *
2449             ( sizeof(u2) +   // start_pc
2450               sizeof(u2) +   // end_pc
2451               sizeof(u2) +   // handler_pc
2452               sizeof(u2) );  // catch_type_index
2453 
2454       while (code_attributes_count--) {
2455         cfs->guarantee_more(6, CHECK_NULL);  // code_attribute_name_index, code_attribute_length
2456         const u2 code_attribute_name_index = cfs->get_u2_fast();
2457         const u4 code_attribute_length = cfs->get_u4_fast();
2458         calculated_attribute_length += code_attribute_length +
2459                                        sizeof(code_attribute_name_index) +
2460                                        sizeof(code_attribute_length);
2461         check_property(valid_symbol_at(code_attribute_name_index),
2462                        "Invalid code attribute name index %u in class file %s",
2463                        code_attribute_name_index,
2464                        CHECK_NULL);
2465         if (LoadLineNumberTables &&
2466             cp->symbol_at(code_attribute_name_index) == vmSymbols::tag_line_number_table()) {
2467           // Parse and compress line number table
2468           parse_linenumber_table(code_attribute_length,
2469                                  code_length,
2470                                  &linenumber_table,
2471                                  CHECK_NULL);
2472 
2473         } else if (LoadLocalVariableTables &&
2474                    cp->symbol_at(code_attribute_name_index) == vmSymbols::tag_local_variable_table()) {
2475           // Parse local variable table
2476           if (!lvt_allocated) {
2477             localvariable_table_length = NEW_RESOURCE_ARRAY_IN_THREAD(
2478               THREAD, u2,  INITIAL_MAX_LVT_NUMBER);
2479             localvariable_table_start = NEW_RESOURCE_ARRAY_IN_THREAD(
2480               THREAD, const unsafe_u2*, INITIAL_MAX_LVT_NUMBER);
2481             localvariable_type_table_length = NEW_RESOURCE_ARRAY_IN_THREAD(
2482               THREAD, u2,  INITIAL_MAX_LVT_NUMBER);
2483             localvariable_type_table_start = NEW_RESOURCE_ARRAY_IN_THREAD(
2484               THREAD, const unsafe_u2*, INITIAL_MAX_LVT_NUMBER);
2485             lvt_allocated = true;
2486           }
2487           if (lvt_cnt == max_lvt_cnt) {
2488             max_lvt_cnt <<= 1;
2489             localvariable_table_length = REALLOC_RESOURCE_ARRAY(u2, localvariable_table_length, lvt_cnt, max_lvt_cnt);
2490             localvariable_table_start  = REALLOC_RESOURCE_ARRAY(const unsafe_u2*, localvariable_table_start, lvt_cnt, max_lvt_cnt);
2491           }
2492           localvariable_table_start[lvt_cnt] =
2493             parse_localvariable_table(cfs,
2494                                       code_length,
2495                                       max_locals,
2496                                       code_attribute_length,
2497                                       &localvariable_table_length[lvt_cnt],
2498                                       false,    // is not LVTT
2499                                       CHECK_NULL);
2500           total_lvt_length += localvariable_table_length[lvt_cnt];
2501           lvt_cnt++;
2502         } else if (LoadLocalVariableTypeTables &&
2503                    _major_version >= JAVA_1_5_VERSION &&
2504                    cp->symbol_at(code_attribute_name_index) == vmSymbols::tag_local_variable_type_table()) {
2505           if (!lvt_allocated) {
2506             localvariable_table_length = NEW_RESOURCE_ARRAY_IN_THREAD(
2507               THREAD, u2,  INITIAL_MAX_LVT_NUMBER);
2508             localvariable_table_start = NEW_RESOURCE_ARRAY_IN_THREAD(
2509               THREAD, const unsafe_u2*, INITIAL_MAX_LVT_NUMBER);
2510             localvariable_type_table_length = NEW_RESOURCE_ARRAY_IN_THREAD(
2511               THREAD, u2,  INITIAL_MAX_LVT_NUMBER);
2512             localvariable_type_table_start = NEW_RESOURCE_ARRAY_IN_THREAD(
2513               THREAD, const unsafe_u2*, INITIAL_MAX_LVT_NUMBER);
2514             lvt_allocated = true;
2515           }
2516           // Parse local variable type table
2517           if (lvtt_cnt == max_lvtt_cnt) {
2518             max_lvtt_cnt <<= 1;
2519             localvariable_type_table_length = REALLOC_RESOURCE_ARRAY(u2, localvariable_type_table_length, lvtt_cnt, max_lvtt_cnt);
2520             localvariable_type_table_start  = REALLOC_RESOURCE_ARRAY(const unsafe_u2*, localvariable_type_table_start, lvtt_cnt, max_lvtt_cnt);
2521           }
2522           localvariable_type_table_start[lvtt_cnt] =
2523             parse_localvariable_table(cfs,
2524                                       code_length,
2525                                       max_locals,
2526                                       code_attribute_length,
2527                                       &localvariable_type_table_length[lvtt_cnt],
2528                                       true,     // is LVTT
2529                                       CHECK_NULL);
2530           lvtt_cnt++;
2531         } else if (_major_version >= Verifier::STACKMAP_ATTRIBUTE_MAJOR_VERSION &&
2532                    cp->symbol_at(code_attribute_name_index) == vmSymbols::tag_stack_map_table()) {
2533           // Stack map is only needed by the new verifier in JDK1.5.
2534           if (parsed_stackmap_attribute) {
2535             classfile_parse_error("Multiple StackMapTable attributes in class file %s", THREAD);
2536             return nullptr;
2537           }
2538           stackmap_data = parse_stackmap_table(cfs, code_attribute_length, _need_verify, CHECK_NULL);
2539           stackmap_data_length = code_attribute_length;
2540           parsed_stackmap_attribute = true;
2541         } else {
2542           // Skip unknown attributes
2543           cfs->skip_u1(code_attribute_length, CHECK_NULL);
2544         }
2545       }
2546       // check method attribute length
2547       if (_need_verify) {
2548         guarantee_property(method_attribute_length == calculated_attribute_length,
2549                            "Code segment has wrong length in class file %s",
2550                            CHECK_NULL);
2551       }
2552     } else if (method_attribute_name == vmSymbols::tag_exceptions()) {
2553       // Parse Exceptions attribute
2554       if (parsed_checked_exceptions_attribute) {
2555         classfile_parse_error("Multiple Exceptions attributes in class file %s",
2556                               THREAD);
2557         return nullptr;
2558       }
2559       parsed_checked_exceptions_attribute = true;
2560       checked_exceptions_start =
2561             parse_checked_exceptions(cfs,
2562                                      &checked_exceptions_length,
2563                                      method_attribute_length,
2564                                      CHECK_NULL);
2565     } else if (method_attribute_name == vmSymbols::tag_method_parameters()) {
2566       // reject multiple method parameters
2567       if (method_parameters_seen) {
2568         classfile_parse_error("Multiple MethodParameters attributes in class file %s",
2569                               THREAD);
2570         return nullptr;
2571       }
2572       method_parameters_seen = true;
2573       method_parameters_length = cfs->get_u1_fast();
2574       const u2 real_length = (method_parameters_length * 4u) + 1u;
2575       if (method_attribute_length != real_length) {
2576         classfile_parse_error(
2577           "Invalid MethodParameters method attribute length %u in class file",
2578           method_attribute_length, THREAD);
2579         return nullptr;
2580       }
2581       method_parameters_data = cfs->current();
2582       cfs->skip_u2_fast(method_parameters_length);
2583       cfs->skip_u2_fast(method_parameters_length);
2584       // ignore this attribute if it cannot be reflected
2585       if (!vmClasses::Parameter_klass_loaded())
2586         method_parameters_length = -1;
2587     } else if (method_attribute_name == vmSymbols::tag_synthetic()) {
2588       if (method_attribute_length != 0) {
2589         classfile_parse_error(
2590           "Invalid Synthetic method attribute length %u in class file %s",
2591           method_attribute_length, THREAD);
2592         return nullptr;
2593       }
2594       // Should we check that there hasn't already been a synthetic attribute?
2595       access_flags.set_is_synthetic();
2596     } else if (method_attribute_name == vmSymbols::tag_deprecated()) { // 4276120
2597       if (method_attribute_length != 0) {
2598         classfile_parse_error(
2599           "Invalid Deprecated method attribute length %u in class file %s",
2600           method_attribute_length, THREAD);
2601         return nullptr;
2602       }
2603     } else if (_major_version >= JAVA_1_5_VERSION) {
2604       if (method_attribute_name == vmSymbols::tag_signature()) {
2605         if (generic_signature_index != 0) {
2606           classfile_parse_error(
2607             "Multiple Signature attributes for method in class file %s",
2608             THREAD);
2609           return nullptr;
2610         }
2611         if (method_attribute_length != 2) {
2612           classfile_parse_error(
2613             "Invalid Signature attribute length %u in class file %s",
2614             method_attribute_length, THREAD);
2615           return nullptr;
2616         }
2617         generic_signature_index = parse_generic_signature_attribute(cfs, CHECK_NULL);
2618       } else if (method_attribute_name == vmSymbols::tag_runtime_visible_annotations()) {
2619         if (runtime_visible_annotations != nullptr) {
2620           classfile_parse_error(
2621             "Multiple RuntimeVisibleAnnotations attributes for method in class file %s",
2622             THREAD);
2623           return nullptr;
2624         }
2625         runtime_visible_annotations_length = method_attribute_length;
2626         runtime_visible_annotations = cfs->current();
2627         assert(runtime_visible_annotations != nullptr, "null visible annotations");
2628         cfs->guarantee_more(runtime_visible_annotations_length, CHECK_NULL);
2629         parse_annotations(cp,
2630                           runtime_visible_annotations,
2631                           runtime_visible_annotations_length,
2632                           &parsed_annotations,
2633                           _loader_data,
2634                           _can_access_vm_annotations);
2635         cfs->skip_u1_fast(runtime_visible_annotations_length);
2636       } else if (method_attribute_name == vmSymbols::tag_runtime_invisible_annotations()) {
2637         if (runtime_invisible_annotations_exists) {
2638           classfile_parse_error(
2639             "Multiple RuntimeInvisibleAnnotations attributes for method in class file %s",
2640             THREAD);
2641           return nullptr;
2642         }
2643         runtime_invisible_annotations_exists = true;
2644         if (PreserveAllAnnotations) {
2645           runtime_invisible_annotations_length = method_attribute_length;
2646           runtime_invisible_annotations = cfs->current();
2647           assert(runtime_invisible_annotations != nullptr, "null invisible annotations");
2648         }
2649         cfs->skip_u1(method_attribute_length, CHECK_NULL);
2650       } else if (method_attribute_name == vmSymbols::tag_runtime_visible_parameter_annotations()) {
2651         if (runtime_visible_parameter_annotations != nullptr) {
2652           classfile_parse_error(
2653             "Multiple RuntimeVisibleParameterAnnotations attributes for method in class file %s",
2654             THREAD);
2655           return nullptr;
2656         }
2657         runtime_visible_parameter_annotations_length = method_attribute_length;
2658         runtime_visible_parameter_annotations = cfs->current();
2659         assert(runtime_visible_parameter_annotations != nullptr, "null visible parameter annotations");
2660         cfs->skip_u1(runtime_visible_parameter_annotations_length, CHECK_NULL);
2661       } else if (method_attribute_name == vmSymbols::tag_runtime_invisible_parameter_annotations()) {
2662         if (runtime_invisible_parameter_annotations_exists) {
2663           classfile_parse_error(
2664             "Multiple RuntimeInvisibleParameterAnnotations attributes for method in class file %s",
2665             THREAD);
2666           return nullptr;
2667         }
2668         runtime_invisible_parameter_annotations_exists = true;
2669         if (PreserveAllAnnotations) {
2670           runtime_invisible_parameter_annotations_length = method_attribute_length;
2671           runtime_invisible_parameter_annotations = cfs->current();
2672           assert(runtime_invisible_parameter_annotations != nullptr,
2673             "null invisible parameter annotations");
2674         }
2675         cfs->skip_u1(method_attribute_length, CHECK_NULL);
2676       } else if (method_attribute_name == vmSymbols::tag_annotation_default()) {
2677         if (annotation_default != nullptr) {
2678           classfile_parse_error(
2679             "Multiple AnnotationDefault attributes for method in class file %s",
2680             THREAD);
2681           return nullptr;
2682         }
2683         annotation_default_length = method_attribute_length;
2684         annotation_default = cfs->current();
2685         assert(annotation_default != nullptr, "null annotation default");
2686         cfs->skip_u1(annotation_default_length, CHECK_NULL);
2687       } else if (method_attribute_name == vmSymbols::tag_runtime_visible_type_annotations()) {
2688         if (runtime_visible_type_annotations != nullptr) {
2689           classfile_parse_error(
2690             "Multiple RuntimeVisibleTypeAnnotations attributes for method in class file %s",
2691             THREAD);
2692           return nullptr;
2693         }
2694         runtime_visible_type_annotations_length = method_attribute_length;
2695         runtime_visible_type_annotations = cfs->current();
2696         assert(runtime_visible_type_annotations != nullptr, "null visible type annotations");
2697         // No need for the VM to parse Type annotations
2698         cfs->skip_u1(runtime_visible_type_annotations_length, CHECK_NULL);
2699       } else if (method_attribute_name == vmSymbols::tag_runtime_invisible_type_annotations()) {
2700         if (runtime_invisible_type_annotations_exists) {
2701           classfile_parse_error(
2702             "Multiple RuntimeInvisibleTypeAnnotations attributes for method in class file %s",
2703             THREAD);
2704           return nullptr;
2705         } else {
2706           runtime_invisible_type_annotations_exists = true;
2707         }
2708         if (PreserveAllAnnotations) {
2709           runtime_invisible_type_annotations_length = method_attribute_length;
2710           runtime_invisible_type_annotations = cfs->current();
2711           assert(runtime_invisible_type_annotations != nullptr, "null invisible type annotations");
2712         }
2713         cfs->skip_u1(method_attribute_length, CHECK_NULL);
2714       } else {
2715         // Skip unknown attributes
2716         cfs->skip_u1(method_attribute_length, CHECK_NULL);
2717       }
2718     } else {
2719       // Skip unknown attributes
2720       cfs->skip_u1(method_attribute_length, CHECK_NULL);
2721     }
2722   }
2723 
2724   if (linenumber_table != nullptr) {
2725     linenumber_table->write_terminator();
2726     linenumber_table_length = linenumber_table->position();
2727   }
2728 
2729   // Make sure there's at least one Code attribute in non-native/non-abstract method
2730   if (_need_verify) {
2731     guarantee_property(access_flags.is_native() ||
2732                        access_flags.is_abstract() ||
2733                        parsed_code_attribute,
2734                        "Absent Code attribute in method that is not native or abstract in class file %s",
2735                        CHECK_NULL);
2736   }
2737 
2738   // All sizing information for a Method* is finally available, now create it
2739   InlineTableSizes sizes(
2740       total_lvt_length,
2741       linenumber_table_length,
2742       exception_table_length,
2743       checked_exceptions_length,
2744       method_parameters_length,
2745       generic_signature_index,
2746       runtime_visible_annotations_length +
2747            runtime_invisible_annotations_length,
2748       runtime_visible_parameter_annotations_length +
2749            runtime_invisible_parameter_annotations_length,
2750       runtime_visible_type_annotations_length +
2751            runtime_invisible_type_annotations_length,
2752       annotation_default_length,
2753       0);
2754 
2755   Method* const m = Method::allocate(_loader_data,
2756                                      code_length,
2757                                      access_flags,
2758                                      &sizes,
2759                                      ConstMethod::NORMAL,
2760                                      _cp->symbol_at(name_index),
2761                                      CHECK_NULL);
2762 
2763   ClassLoadingService::add_class_method_size(m->size()*wordSize);
2764 
2765   // Fill in information from fixed part (access_flags already set)
2766   m->set_constants(_cp);
2767   m->set_name_index(name_index);
2768   m->set_signature_index(signature_index);
2769   m->compute_from_signature(cp->symbol_at(signature_index));
2770   assert(args_size < 0 || args_size == m->size_of_parameters(), "");
2771 
2772   // Fill in code attribute information
2773   m->set_max_stack(max_stack);
2774   m->set_max_locals(max_locals);
2775   if (stackmap_data != nullptr) {
2776     m->constMethod()->copy_stackmap_data(_loader_data,
2777                                          (u1*)stackmap_data,
2778                                          stackmap_data_length,
2779                                          CHECK_NULL);
2780   }
2781 
2782   // Copy byte codes
2783   m->set_code((u1*)code_start);
2784 
2785   // Copy line number table
2786   if (linenumber_table != nullptr) {
2787     memcpy(m->compressed_linenumber_table(),
2788            linenumber_table->buffer(),
2789            linenumber_table_length);
2790   }
2791 
2792   // Copy exception table
2793   if (exception_table_length > 0) {
2794     Copy::conjoint_swap_if_needed<Endian::JAVA>(exception_table_start,
2795                                                 m->exception_table_start(),
2796                                                 exception_table_length * sizeof(ExceptionTableElement),
2797                                                 sizeof(u2));
2798   }
2799 
2800   // Copy method parameters
2801   if (method_parameters_length > 0) {
2802     MethodParametersElement* elem = m->constMethod()->method_parameters_start();
2803     for (int i = 0; i < method_parameters_length; i++) {
2804       elem[i].name_cp_index = Bytes::get_Java_u2((address)method_parameters_data);
2805       method_parameters_data += 2;
2806       elem[i].flags = Bytes::get_Java_u2((address)method_parameters_data);
2807       method_parameters_data += 2;
2808     }
2809   }
2810 
2811   // Copy checked exceptions
2812   if (checked_exceptions_length > 0) {
2813     Copy::conjoint_swap_if_needed<Endian::JAVA>(checked_exceptions_start,
2814                                                 m->checked_exceptions_start(),
2815                                                 checked_exceptions_length * sizeof(CheckedExceptionElement),
2816                                                 sizeof(u2));
2817   }
2818 
2819   // Copy class file LVT's/LVTT's into the HotSpot internal LVT.
2820   if (total_lvt_length > 0) {
2821     *has_localvariable_table = true;
2822     copy_localvariable_table(m->constMethod(),
2823                              lvt_cnt,
2824                              localvariable_table_length,
2825                              localvariable_table_start,
2826                              lvtt_cnt,
2827                              localvariable_type_table_length,
2828                              localvariable_type_table_start,
2829                              CHECK_NULL);
2830   }
2831 
2832   if (parsed_annotations.has_any_annotations())
2833     parsed_annotations.apply_to(methodHandle(THREAD, m));
2834 
2835   if (is_hidden()) { // Mark methods in hidden classes as 'hidden'.
2836     m->set_hidden(true);
2837   }
2838 
2839   // Copy annotations
2840   copy_method_annotations(m->constMethod(),
2841                           runtime_visible_annotations,
2842                           runtime_visible_annotations_length,
2843                           runtime_invisible_annotations,
2844                           runtime_invisible_annotations_length,
2845                           runtime_visible_parameter_annotations,
2846                           runtime_visible_parameter_annotations_length,
2847                           runtime_invisible_parameter_annotations,
2848                           runtime_invisible_parameter_annotations_length,
2849                           runtime_visible_type_annotations,
2850                           runtime_visible_type_annotations_length,
2851                           runtime_invisible_type_annotations,
2852                           runtime_invisible_type_annotations_length,
2853                           annotation_default,
2854                           annotation_default_length,
2855                           CHECK_NULL);
2856 
2857   if (InstanceKlass::is_finalization_enabled() &&
2858       name == vmSymbols::finalize_method_name() &&
2859       signature == vmSymbols::void_method_signature()) {
2860     if (m->is_empty_method()) {
2861       _has_empty_finalizer = true;
2862     } else {
2863       _has_finalizer = true;
2864     }
2865   }
2866   if (name == vmSymbols::object_initializer_name() &&
2867       signature == vmSymbols::void_method_signature() &&
2868       m->is_vanilla_constructor()) {
2869     _has_vanilla_constructor = true;
2870   }
2871 
2872   NOT_PRODUCT(m->verify());
2873   return m;
2874 }
2875 
2876 
2877 // Side-effects: populates the _methods field in the parser
2878 void ClassFileParser::parse_methods(const ClassFileStream* const cfs,
2879                                     bool is_interface,
2880                                     bool* const has_localvariable_table,
2881                                     bool* has_final_method,
2882                                     bool* declares_nonstatic_concrete_methods,
2883                                     TRAPS) {
2884   assert(cfs != nullptr, "invariant");
2885   assert(has_localvariable_table != nullptr, "invariant");
2886   assert(has_final_method != nullptr, "invariant");
2887   assert(declares_nonstatic_concrete_methods != nullptr, "invariant");
2888 
2889   assert(nullptr == _methods, "invariant");
2890 
2891   cfs->guarantee_more(2, CHECK);  // length
2892   const u2 length = cfs->get_u2_fast();
2893   if (length == 0) {
2894     _methods = Universe::the_empty_method_array();
2895   } else {
2896     _methods = MetadataFactory::new_array<Method*>(_loader_data,
2897                                                    length,
2898                                                    nullptr,
2899                                                    CHECK);
2900 
2901     for (int index = 0; index < length; index++) {
2902       Method* method = parse_method(cfs,
2903                                     is_interface,
2904                                     _cp,
2905                                     has_localvariable_table,
2906                                     CHECK);
2907 
2908       if (method->is_final()) {
2909         *has_final_method = true;
2910       }
2911       // declares_nonstatic_concrete_methods: declares concrete instance methods, any access flags
2912       // used for interface initialization, and default method inheritance analysis
2913       if (is_interface && !(*declares_nonstatic_concrete_methods)
2914         && !method->is_abstract() && !method->is_static()) {
2915         *declares_nonstatic_concrete_methods = true;
2916       }
2917       _methods->at_put(index, method);
2918     }
2919 
2920     if (_need_verify && length > 1) {
2921       // Check duplicated methods
2922       ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
2923       NameSigHash** names_and_sigs = NEW_RESOURCE_ARRAY_IN_THREAD(
2924         THREAD, NameSigHash*, HASH_ROW_SIZE);
2925       initialize_hashtable(names_and_sigs);
2926       bool dup = false;
2927       const Symbol* name = nullptr;
2928       const Symbol* sig = nullptr;
2929       {
2930         debug_only(NoSafepointVerifier nsv;)
2931         for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
2932           const Method* const m = _methods->at(i);
2933           name = m->name();
2934           sig = m->signature();
2935           // If no duplicates, add name/signature in hashtable names_and_sigs.
2936           if (!put_after_lookup(name, sig, names_and_sigs)) {
2937             dup = true;
2938             break;
2939           }
2940         }
2941       }
2942       if (dup) {
2943         classfile_parse_error("Duplicate method name \"%s\" with signature \"%s\" in class file %s",
2944                                name->as_C_string(), sig->as_klass_external_name(), THREAD);
2945       }
2946     }
2947   }
2948 }
2949 
2950 static const intArray* sort_methods(Array<Method*>* methods) {
2951   const int length = methods->length();
2952   // If JVMTI original method ordering or sharing is enabled we have to
2953   // remember the original class file ordering.
2954   // We temporarily use the vtable_index field in the Method* to store the
2955   // class file index, so we can read in after calling qsort.
2956   // Put the method ordering in the shared archive.
2957   if (JvmtiExport::can_maintain_original_method_order() || Arguments::is_dumping_archive()) {
2958     for (int index = 0; index < length; index++) {
2959       Method* const m = methods->at(index);
2960       assert(!m->valid_vtable_index(), "vtable index should not be set");
2961       m->set_vtable_index(index);
2962     }
2963   }
2964   // Sort method array by ascending method name (for faster lookups & vtable construction)
2965   // Note that the ordering is not alphabetical, see Symbol::fast_compare
2966   Method::sort_methods(methods);
2967 
2968   intArray* method_ordering = nullptr;
2969   // If JVMTI original method ordering or sharing is enabled construct int
2970   // array remembering the original ordering
2971   if (JvmtiExport::can_maintain_original_method_order() || Arguments::is_dumping_archive()) {
2972     method_ordering = new intArray(length, length, -1);
2973     for (int index = 0; index < length; index++) {
2974       Method* const m = methods->at(index);
2975       const int old_index = m->vtable_index();
2976       assert(old_index >= 0 && old_index < length, "invalid method index");
2977       method_ordering->at_put(index, old_index);
2978       m->set_vtable_index(Method::invalid_vtable_index);
2979     }
2980   }
2981   return method_ordering;
2982 }
2983 
2984 // Parse generic_signature attribute for methods and fields
2985 u2 ClassFileParser::parse_generic_signature_attribute(const ClassFileStream* const cfs,
2986                                                       TRAPS) {
2987   assert(cfs != nullptr, "invariant");
2988 
2989   cfs->guarantee_more(2, CHECK_0);  // generic_signature_index
2990   const u2 generic_signature_index = cfs->get_u2_fast();
2991   check_property(
2992     valid_symbol_at(generic_signature_index),
2993     "Invalid Signature attribute at constant pool index %u in class file %s",
2994     generic_signature_index, CHECK_0);
2995   return generic_signature_index;
2996 }
2997 
2998 void ClassFileParser::parse_classfile_sourcefile_attribute(const ClassFileStream* const cfs,
2999                                                            TRAPS) {
3000 
3001   assert(cfs != nullptr, "invariant");
3002 
3003   cfs->guarantee_more(2, CHECK);  // sourcefile_index
3004   const u2 sourcefile_index = cfs->get_u2_fast();
3005   check_property(
3006     valid_symbol_at(sourcefile_index),
3007     "Invalid SourceFile attribute at constant pool index %u in class file %s",
3008     sourcefile_index, CHECK);
3009   set_class_sourcefile_index(sourcefile_index);
3010 }
3011 
3012 void ClassFileParser::parse_classfile_source_debug_extension_attribute(const ClassFileStream* const cfs,
3013                                                                        int length,
3014                                                                        TRAPS) {
3015   assert(cfs != nullptr, "invariant");
3016 
3017   const u1* const sde_buffer = cfs->current();
3018   assert(sde_buffer != nullptr, "null sde buffer");
3019 
3020   // Don't bother storing it if there is no way to retrieve it
3021   if (JvmtiExport::can_get_source_debug_extension()) {
3022     assert((length+1) > length, "Overflow checking");
3023     u1* const sde = NEW_RESOURCE_ARRAY_IN_THREAD(THREAD, u1, length+1);
3024     for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
3025       sde[i] = sde_buffer[i];
3026     }
3027     sde[length] = '\0';
3028     set_class_sde_buffer((const char*)sde, length);
3029   }
3030   // Got utf8 string, set stream position forward
3031   cfs->skip_u1(length, CHECK);
3032 }
3033 
3034 
3035 // Inner classes can be static, private or protected (classic VM does this)
3036 #define RECOGNIZED_INNER_CLASS_MODIFIERS ( JVM_RECOGNIZED_CLASS_MODIFIERS | \
3037                                            JVM_ACC_PRIVATE |                \
3038                                            JVM_ACC_PROTECTED |              \
3039                                            JVM_ACC_STATIC                   \
3040                                          )
3041 
3042 // Find index of the InnerClasses entry for the specified inner_class_info_index.
3043 // Return -1 if none is found.
3044 static int inner_classes_find_index(const Array<u2>* inner_classes, int inner, const ConstantPool* cp, int length) {
3045   Symbol* cp_klass_name =  cp->klass_name_at(inner);
3046   for (int idx = 0; idx < length; idx += InstanceKlass::inner_class_next_offset) {
3047     int idx_inner = inner_classes->at(idx + InstanceKlass::inner_class_inner_class_info_offset);
3048     if (cp->klass_name_at(idx_inner) == cp_klass_name) {
3049       return idx;
3050     }
3051   }
3052   return -1;
3053 }
3054 
3055 // Return the outer_class_info_index for the InnerClasses entry containing the
3056 // specified inner_class_info_index.  Return -1 if no InnerClasses entry is found.
3057 static int inner_classes_jump_to_outer(const Array<u2>* inner_classes, int inner, const ConstantPool* cp, int length) {
3058   if (inner == 0) return -1;
3059   int idx = inner_classes_find_index(inner_classes, inner, cp, length);
3060   if (idx == -1) return -1;
3061   int result = inner_classes->at(idx + InstanceKlass::inner_class_outer_class_info_offset);
3062   return result;
3063 }
3064 
3065 // Return true if circularity is found, false if no circularity is found.
3066 // Use Floyd's cycle finding algorithm.
3067 static bool inner_classes_check_loop_through_outer(const Array<u2>* inner_classes, int idx, const ConstantPool* cp, int length) {
3068   int slow = inner_classes->at(idx + InstanceKlass::inner_class_inner_class_info_offset);
3069   int fast = inner_classes->at(idx + InstanceKlass::inner_class_outer_class_info_offset);
3070 
3071   while (fast != -1 && fast != 0) {
3072     if (slow != 0 && (cp->klass_name_at(slow) == cp->klass_name_at(fast))) {
3073       return true;  // found a circularity
3074     }
3075     fast = inner_classes_jump_to_outer(inner_classes, fast, cp, length);
3076     if (fast == -1) return false;
3077     fast = inner_classes_jump_to_outer(inner_classes, fast, cp, length);
3078     if (fast == -1) return false;
3079     slow = inner_classes_jump_to_outer(inner_classes, slow, cp, length);
3080     assert(slow != -1, "sanity check");
3081   }
3082   return false;
3083 }
3084 
3085 // Loop through each InnerClasses entry checking for circularities and duplications
3086 // with other entries.  If duplicate entries are found then throw CFE.  Otherwise,
3087 // return true if a circularity or entries with duplicate inner_class_info_indexes
3088 // are found.
3089 bool ClassFileParser::check_inner_classes_circularity(const ConstantPool* cp, int length, TRAPS) {
3090   // Loop through each InnerClasses entry.
3091   for (int idx = 0; idx < length; idx += InstanceKlass::inner_class_next_offset) {
3092     // Return true if there are circular entries.
3093     if (inner_classes_check_loop_through_outer(_inner_classes, idx, cp, length)) {
3094       return true;
3095     }
3096     // Check if there are duplicate entries or entries with the same inner_class_info_index.
3097     for (int y = idx + InstanceKlass::inner_class_next_offset; y < length;
3098          y += InstanceKlass::inner_class_next_offset) {
3099 
3100       // 4347400: make sure there's no duplicate entry in the classes array
3101       if (_major_version >= JAVA_1_5_VERSION) {
3102         guarantee_property((_inner_classes->at(idx) != _inner_classes->at(y) ||
3103                             _inner_classes->at(idx+1) != _inner_classes->at(y+1) ||
3104                             _inner_classes->at(idx+2) != _inner_classes->at(y+2) ||
3105                             _inner_classes->at(idx+3) != _inner_classes->at(y+3)),
3106                            "Duplicate entry in InnerClasses attribute in class file %s",
3107                            CHECK_(true));
3108       }
3109       // Return true if there are two entries with the same inner_class_info_index.
3110       if (_inner_classes->at(y) == _inner_classes->at(idx)) {
3111         return true;
3112       }
3113     }
3114   }
3115   return false;
3116 }
3117 
3118 // Return number of classes in the inner classes attribute table
3119 u2 ClassFileParser::parse_classfile_inner_classes_attribute(const ClassFileStream* const cfs,
3120                                                             const ConstantPool* cp,
3121                                                             const u1* const inner_classes_attribute_start,
3122                                                             bool parsed_enclosingmethod_attribute,
3123                                                             u2 enclosing_method_class_index,
3124                                                             u2 enclosing_method_method_index,
3125                                                             TRAPS) {
3126   const u1* const current_mark = cfs->current();
3127   u2 length = 0;
3128   if (inner_classes_attribute_start != nullptr) {
3129     cfs->set_current(inner_classes_attribute_start);
3130     cfs->guarantee_more(2, CHECK_0);  // length
3131     length = cfs->get_u2_fast();
3132   }
3133 
3134   // 4-tuples of shorts of inner classes data and 2 shorts of enclosing
3135   // method data:
3136   //   [inner_class_info_index,
3137   //    outer_class_info_index,
3138   //    inner_name_index,
3139   //    inner_class_access_flags,
3140   //    ...
3141   //    enclosing_method_class_index,
3142   //    enclosing_method_method_index]
3143   const int size = length * 4 + (parsed_enclosingmethod_attribute ? 2 : 0);
3144   Array<u2>* inner_classes = MetadataFactory::new_array<u2>(_loader_data, size, CHECK_0);
3145   _inner_classes = inner_classes;
3146 
3147   int index = 0;
3148   cfs->guarantee_more(8 * length, CHECK_0);  // 4-tuples of u2
3149   for (int n = 0; n < length; n++) {
3150     // Inner class index
3151     const u2 inner_class_info_index = cfs->get_u2_fast();
3152     check_property(
3153       valid_klass_reference_at(inner_class_info_index),
3154       "inner_class_info_index %u has bad constant type in class file %s",
3155       inner_class_info_index, CHECK_0);
3156     // Outer class index
3157     const u2 outer_class_info_index = cfs->get_u2_fast();
3158     check_property(
3159       outer_class_info_index == 0 ||
3160         valid_klass_reference_at(outer_class_info_index),
3161       "outer_class_info_index %u has bad constant type in class file %s",
3162       outer_class_info_index, CHECK_0);
3163 
3164     if (outer_class_info_index != 0) {
3165       const Symbol* const outer_class_name = cp->klass_name_at(outer_class_info_index);
3166       char* bytes = (char*)outer_class_name->bytes();
3167       guarantee_property(bytes[0] != JVM_SIGNATURE_ARRAY,
3168                          "Outer class is an array class in class file %s", CHECK_0);
3169     }
3170     // Inner class name
3171     const u2 inner_name_index = cfs->get_u2_fast();
3172     check_property(
3173       inner_name_index == 0 || valid_symbol_at(inner_name_index),
3174       "inner_name_index %u has bad constant type in class file %s",
3175       inner_name_index, CHECK_0);
3176     if (_need_verify) {
3177       guarantee_property(inner_class_info_index != outer_class_info_index,
3178                          "Class is both outer and inner class in class file %s", CHECK_0);
3179     }
3180     // Access flags
3181     jint flags;
3182     // JVM_ACC_MODULE is defined in JDK-9 and later.
3183     if (_major_version >= JAVA_9_VERSION) {
3184       flags = cfs->get_u2_fast() & (RECOGNIZED_INNER_CLASS_MODIFIERS | JVM_ACC_MODULE);
3185     } else {
3186       flags = cfs->get_u2_fast() & RECOGNIZED_INNER_CLASS_MODIFIERS;
3187     }
3188     if ((flags & JVM_ACC_INTERFACE) && _major_version < JAVA_6_VERSION) {
3189       // Set abstract bit for old class files for backward compatibility
3190       flags |= JVM_ACC_ABSTRACT;
3191     }
3192     verify_legal_class_modifiers(flags, CHECK_0);
3193     AccessFlags inner_access_flags(flags);
3194 
3195     inner_classes->at_put(index++, inner_class_info_index);
3196     inner_classes->at_put(index++, outer_class_info_index);
3197     inner_classes->at_put(index++, inner_name_index);
3198     inner_classes->at_put(index++, inner_access_flags.as_short());
3199   }
3200 
3201   // Check for circular and duplicate entries.
3202   bool has_circularity = false;
3203   if (_need_verify) {
3204     has_circularity = check_inner_classes_circularity(cp, length * 4, CHECK_0);
3205     if (has_circularity) {
3206       // If circularity check failed then ignore InnerClasses attribute.
3207       MetadataFactory::free_array<u2>(_loader_data, _inner_classes);
3208       index = 0;
3209       if (parsed_enclosingmethod_attribute) {
3210         inner_classes = MetadataFactory::new_array<u2>(_loader_data, 2, CHECK_0);
3211         _inner_classes = inner_classes;
3212       } else {
3213         _inner_classes = Universe::the_empty_short_array();
3214       }
3215     }
3216   }
3217   // Set EnclosingMethod class and method indexes.
3218   if (parsed_enclosingmethod_attribute) {
3219     inner_classes->at_put(index++, enclosing_method_class_index);
3220     inner_classes->at_put(index++, enclosing_method_method_index);
3221   }
3222   assert(index == size || has_circularity, "wrong size");
3223 
3224   // Restore buffer's current position.
3225   cfs->set_current(current_mark);
3226 
3227   return length;
3228 }
3229 
3230 u2 ClassFileParser::parse_classfile_nest_members_attribute(const ClassFileStream* const cfs,
3231                                                            const u1* const nest_members_attribute_start,
3232                                                            TRAPS) {
3233   const u1* const current_mark = cfs->current();
3234   u2 length = 0;
3235   if (nest_members_attribute_start != nullptr) {
3236     cfs->set_current(nest_members_attribute_start);
3237     cfs->guarantee_more(2, CHECK_0);  // length
3238     length = cfs->get_u2_fast();
3239   }
3240   const int size = length;
3241   Array<u2>* const nest_members = MetadataFactory::new_array<u2>(_loader_data, size, CHECK_0);
3242   _nest_members = nest_members;
3243 
3244   int index = 0;
3245   cfs->guarantee_more(2 * length, CHECK_0);
3246   for (int n = 0; n < length; n++) {
3247     const u2 class_info_index = cfs->get_u2_fast();
3248     check_property(
3249       valid_klass_reference_at(class_info_index),
3250       "Nest member class_info_index %u has bad constant type in class file %s",
3251       class_info_index, CHECK_0);
3252     nest_members->at_put(index++, class_info_index);
3253   }
3254   assert(index == size, "wrong size");
3255 
3256   // Restore buffer's current position.
3257   cfs->set_current(current_mark);
3258 
3259   return length;
3260 }
3261 
3262 u2 ClassFileParser::parse_classfile_permitted_subclasses_attribute(const ClassFileStream* const cfs,
3263                                                                    const u1* const permitted_subclasses_attribute_start,
3264                                                                    TRAPS) {
3265   const u1* const current_mark = cfs->current();
3266   u2 length = 0;
3267   if (permitted_subclasses_attribute_start != nullptr) {
3268     cfs->set_current(permitted_subclasses_attribute_start);
3269     cfs->guarantee_more(2, CHECK_0);  // length
3270     length = cfs->get_u2_fast();
3271   }
3272   const int size = length;
3273   Array<u2>* const permitted_subclasses = MetadataFactory::new_array<u2>(_loader_data, size, CHECK_0);
3274   _permitted_subclasses = permitted_subclasses;
3275 
3276   if (length > 0) {
3277     int index = 0;
3278     cfs->guarantee_more(2 * length, CHECK_0);
3279     for (int n = 0; n < length; n++) {
3280       const u2 class_info_index = cfs->get_u2_fast();
3281       check_property(
3282         valid_klass_reference_at(class_info_index),
3283         "Permitted subclass class_info_index %u has bad constant type in class file %s",
3284         class_info_index, CHECK_0);
3285       permitted_subclasses->at_put(index++, class_info_index);
3286     }
3287     assert(index == size, "wrong size");
3288   }
3289 
3290   // Restore buffer's current position.
3291   cfs->set_current(current_mark);
3292 
3293   return length;
3294 }
3295 
3296 //  Record {
3297 //    u2 attribute_name_index;
3298 //    u4 attribute_length;
3299 //    u2 components_count;
3300 //    component_info components[components_count];
3301 //  }
3302 //  component_info {
3303 //    u2 name_index;
3304 //    u2 descriptor_index
3305 //    u2 attributes_count;
3306 //    attribute_info_attributes[attributes_count];
3307 //  }
3308 u2 ClassFileParser::parse_classfile_record_attribute(const ClassFileStream* const cfs,
3309                                                      const ConstantPool* cp,
3310                                                      const u1* const record_attribute_start,
3311                                                      TRAPS) {
3312   const u1* const current_mark = cfs->current();
3313   int components_count = 0;
3314   unsigned int calculate_attr_size = 0;
3315   if (record_attribute_start != nullptr) {
3316     cfs->set_current(record_attribute_start);
3317     cfs->guarantee_more(2, CHECK_0);  // num of components
3318     components_count = (int)cfs->get_u2_fast();
3319     calculate_attr_size = 2;
3320   }
3321 
3322   Array<RecordComponent*>* const record_components =
3323     MetadataFactory::new_array<RecordComponent*>(_loader_data, components_count, nullptr, CHECK_0);
3324   _record_components = record_components;
3325 
3326   for (int x = 0; x < components_count; x++) {
3327     cfs->guarantee_more(6, CHECK_0); // name_index, descriptor_index, attributes_count
3328 
3329     const u2 name_index = cfs->get_u2_fast();
3330     check_property(valid_symbol_at(name_index),
3331       "Invalid constant pool index %u for name in Record attribute in class file %s",
3332       name_index, CHECK_0);
3333     const Symbol* const name = cp->symbol_at(name_index);
3334     verify_legal_field_name(name, CHECK_0);
3335 
3336     const u2 descriptor_index = cfs->get_u2_fast();
3337     check_property(valid_symbol_at(descriptor_index),
3338       "Invalid constant pool index %u for descriptor in Record attribute in class file %s",
3339       descriptor_index, CHECK_0);
3340     const Symbol* const descr = cp->symbol_at(descriptor_index);
3341     verify_legal_field_signature(name, descr, CHECK_0);
3342 
3343     const u2 attributes_count = cfs->get_u2_fast();
3344     calculate_attr_size += 6;
3345     u2 generic_sig_index = 0;
3346     const u1* runtime_visible_annotations = nullptr;
3347     int runtime_visible_annotations_length = 0;
3348     const u1* runtime_invisible_annotations = nullptr;
3349     int runtime_invisible_annotations_length = 0;
3350     bool runtime_invisible_annotations_exists = false;
3351     const u1* runtime_visible_type_annotations = nullptr;
3352     int runtime_visible_type_annotations_length = 0;
3353     const u1* runtime_invisible_type_annotations = nullptr;
3354     int runtime_invisible_type_annotations_length = 0;
3355     bool runtime_invisible_type_annotations_exists = false;
3356 
3357     // Expected attributes for record components are Signature, Runtime(In)VisibleAnnotations,
3358     // and Runtime(In)VisibleTypeAnnotations.  Other attributes are ignored.
3359     for (int y = 0; y < attributes_count; y++) {
3360       cfs->guarantee_more(6, CHECK_0);  // attribute_name_index, attribute_length
3361       const u2 attribute_name_index = cfs->get_u2_fast();
3362       const u4 attribute_length = cfs->get_u4_fast();
3363       calculate_attr_size += 6;
3364       check_property(
3365         valid_symbol_at(attribute_name_index),
3366         "Invalid Record attribute name index %u in class file %s",
3367         attribute_name_index, CHECK_0);
3368 
3369       const Symbol* const attribute_name = cp->symbol_at(attribute_name_index);
3370       if (attribute_name == vmSymbols::tag_signature()) {
3371         if (generic_sig_index != 0) {
3372           classfile_parse_error(
3373             "Multiple Signature attributes for Record component in class file %s",
3374             THREAD);
3375           return 0;
3376         }
3377         if (attribute_length != 2) {
3378           classfile_parse_error(
3379             "Invalid Signature attribute length %u in Record component in class file %s",
3380             attribute_length, THREAD);
3381           return 0;
3382         }
3383         generic_sig_index = parse_generic_signature_attribute(cfs, CHECK_0);
3384 
3385       } else if (attribute_name == vmSymbols::tag_runtime_visible_annotations()) {
3386         if (runtime_visible_annotations != nullptr) {
3387           classfile_parse_error(
3388             "Multiple RuntimeVisibleAnnotations attributes for Record component in class file %s", THREAD);
3389           return 0;
3390         }
3391         runtime_visible_annotations_length = attribute_length;
3392         runtime_visible_annotations = cfs->current();
3393 
3394         assert(runtime_visible_annotations != nullptr, "null record component visible annotation");
3395         cfs->guarantee_more(runtime_visible_annotations_length, CHECK_0);
3396         cfs->skip_u1_fast(runtime_visible_annotations_length);
3397 
3398       } else if (attribute_name == vmSymbols::tag_runtime_invisible_annotations()) {
3399         if (runtime_invisible_annotations_exists) {
3400           classfile_parse_error(
3401             "Multiple RuntimeInvisibleAnnotations attributes for Record component in class file %s", THREAD);
3402           return 0;
3403         }
3404         runtime_invisible_annotations_exists = true;
3405         if (PreserveAllAnnotations) {
3406           runtime_invisible_annotations_length = attribute_length;
3407           runtime_invisible_annotations = cfs->current();
3408           assert(runtime_invisible_annotations != nullptr, "null record component invisible annotation");
3409         }
3410         cfs->skip_u1(attribute_length, CHECK_0);
3411 
3412       } else if (attribute_name == vmSymbols::tag_runtime_visible_type_annotations()) {
3413         if (runtime_visible_type_annotations != nullptr) {
3414           classfile_parse_error(
3415             "Multiple RuntimeVisibleTypeAnnotations attributes for Record component in class file %s", THREAD);
3416           return 0;
3417         }
3418         runtime_visible_type_annotations_length = attribute_length;
3419         runtime_visible_type_annotations = cfs->current();
3420 
3421         assert(runtime_visible_type_annotations != nullptr, "null record component visible type annotation");
3422         cfs->guarantee_more(runtime_visible_type_annotations_length, CHECK_0);
3423         cfs->skip_u1_fast(runtime_visible_type_annotations_length);
3424 
3425       } else if (attribute_name == vmSymbols::tag_runtime_invisible_type_annotations()) {
3426         if (runtime_invisible_type_annotations_exists) {
3427           classfile_parse_error(
3428             "Multiple RuntimeInvisibleTypeAnnotations attributes for Record component in class file %s", THREAD);
3429           return 0;
3430         }
3431         runtime_invisible_type_annotations_exists = true;
3432         if (PreserveAllAnnotations) {
3433           runtime_invisible_type_annotations_length = attribute_length;
3434           runtime_invisible_type_annotations = cfs->current();
3435           assert(runtime_invisible_type_annotations != nullptr, "null record component invisible type annotation");
3436         }
3437         cfs->skip_u1(attribute_length, CHECK_0);
3438 
3439       } else {
3440         // Skip unknown attributes
3441         cfs->skip_u1(attribute_length, CHECK_0);
3442       }
3443       calculate_attr_size += attribute_length;
3444     } // End of attributes For loop
3445 
3446     AnnotationArray* annotations = assemble_annotations(runtime_visible_annotations,
3447                                                         runtime_visible_annotations_length,
3448                                                         runtime_invisible_annotations,
3449                                                         runtime_invisible_annotations_length,
3450                                                         CHECK_0);
3451     AnnotationArray* type_annotations = assemble_annotations(runtime_visible_type_annotations,
3452                                                              runtime_visible_type_annotations_length,
3453                                                              runtime_invisible_type_annotations,
3454                                                              runtime_invisible_type_annotations_length,
3455                                                              CHECK_0);
3456 
3457     RecordComponent* record_component =
3458       RecordComponent::allocate(_loader_data, name_index, descriptor_index,
3459                                 attributes_count, generic_sig_index,
3460                                 annotations, type_annotations, CHECK_0);
3461     record_components->at_put(x, record_component);
3462   }  // End of component processing loop
3463 
3464   // Restore buffer's current position.
3465   cfs->set_current(current_mark);
3466   return calculate_attr_size;
3467 }
3468 
3469 void ClassFileParser::parse_classfile_synthetic_attribute() {
3470   set_class_synthetic_flag(true);
3471 }
3472 
3473 void ClassFileParser::parse_classfile_signature_attribute(const ClassFileStream* const cfs, TRAPS) {
3474   assert(cfs != nullptr, "invariant");
3475 
3476   const u2 signature_index = cfs->get_u2(CHECK);
3477   check_property(
3478     valid_symbol_at(signature_index),
3479     "Invalid constant pool index %u in Signature attribute in class file %s",
3480     signature_index, CHECK);
3481   set_class_generic_signature_index(signature_index);
3482 }
3483 
3484 void ClassFileParser::parse_classfile_bootstrap_methods_attribute(const ClassFileStream* const cfs,
3485                                                                   ConstantPool* cp,
3486                                                                   u4 attribute_byte_length,
3487                                                                   TRAPS) {
3488   assert(cfs != nullptr, "invariant");
3489   assert(cp != nullptr, "invariant");
3490 
3491   const u1* const current_start = cfs->current();
3492 
3493   guarantee_property(attribute_byte_length >= sizeof(u2),
3494                      "Invalid BootstrapMethods attribute length %u in class file %s",
3495                      attribute_byte_length,
3496                      CHECK);
3497 
3498   cfs->guarantee_more(attribute_byte_length, CHECK);
3499 
3500   const int attribute_array_length = cfs->get_u2_fast();
3501 
3502   guarantee_property(_max_bootstrap_specifier_index < attribute_array_length,
3503                      "Short length on BootstrapMethods in class file %s",
3504                      CHECK);
3505 
3506 
3507   // The attribute contains a counted array of counted tuples of shorts,
3508   // represending bootstrap specifiers:
3509   //    length*{bootstrap_method_index, argument_count*{argument_index}}
3510   const int operand_count = (attribute_byte_length - sizeof(u2)) / sizeof(u2);
3511   // operand_count = number of shorts in attr, except for leading length
3512 
3513   // The attribute is copied into a short[] array.
3514   // The array begins with a series of short[2] pairs, one for each tuple.
3515   const int index_size = (attribute_array_length * 2);
3516 
3517   Array<u2>* const operands =
3518     MetadataFactory::new_array<u2>(_loader_data, index_size + operand_count, CHECK);
3519 
3520   // Eagerly assign operands so they will be deallocated with the constant
3521   // pool if there is an error.
3522   cp->set_operands(operands);
3523 
3524   int operand_fill_index = index_size;
3525   const int cp_size = cp->length();
3526 
3527   for (int n = 0; n < attribute_array_length; n++) {
3528     // Store a 32-bit offset into the header of the operand array.
3529     ConstantPool::operand_offset_at_put(operands, n, operand_fill_index);
3530 
3531     // Read a bootstrap specifier.
3532     cfs->guarantee_more(sizeof(u2) * 2, CHECK);  // bsm, argc
3533     const u2 bootstrap_method_index = cfs->get_u2_fast();
3534     const u2 argument_count = cfs->get_u2_fast();
3535     check_property(
3536       valid_cp_range(bootstrap_method_index, cp_size) &&
3537       cp->tag_at(bootstrap_method_index).is_method_handle(),
3538       "bootstrap_method_index %u has bad constant type in class file %s",
3539       bootstrap_method_index,
3540       CHECK);
3541 
3542     guarantee_property((operand_fill_index + 1 + argument_count) < operands->length(),
3543       "Invalid BootstrapMethods num_bootstrap_methods or num_bootstrap_arguments value in class file %s",
3544       CHECK);
3545 
3546     operands->at_put(operand_fill_index++, bootstrap_method_index);
3547     operands->at_put(operand_fill_index++, argument_count);
3548 
3549     cfs->guarantee_more(sizeof(u2) * argument_count, CHECK);  // argv[argc]
3550     for (int j = 0; j < argument_count; j++) {
3551       const u2 argument_index = cfs->get_u2_fast();
3552       check_property(
3553         valid_cp_range(argument_index, cp_size) &&
3554         cp->tag_at(argument_index).is_loadable_constant(),
3555         "argument_index %u has bad constant type in class file %s",
3556         argument_index,
3557         CHECK);
3558       operands->at_put(operand_fill_index++, argument_index);
3559     }
3560   }
3561   guarantee_property(current_start + attribute_byte_length == cfs->current(),
3562                      "Bad length on BootstrapMethods in class file %s",
3563                      CHECK);
3564 }
3565 
3566 void ClassFileParser::parse_classfile_attributes(const ClassFileStream* const cfs,
3567                                                  ConstantPool* cp,
3568                  ClassFileParser::ClassAnnotationCollector* parsed_annotations,
3569                                                  TRAPS) {
3570   assert(cfs != nullptr, "invariant");
3571   assert(cp != nullptr, "invariant");
3572   assert(parsed_annotations != nullptr, "invariant");
3573 
3574   // Set inner classes attribute to default sentinel
3575   _inner_classes = Universe::the_empty_short_array();
3576   // Set nest members attribute to default sentinel
3577   _nest_members = Universe::the_empty_short_array();
3578   // Set _permitted_subclasses attribute to default sentinel
3579   _permitted_subclasses = Universe::the_empty_short_array();
3580   cfs->guarantee_more(2, CHECK);  // attributes_count
3581   u2 attributes_count = cfs->get_u2_fast();
3582   bool parsed_sourcefile_attribute = false;
3583   bool parsed_innerclasses_attribute = false;
3584   bool parsed_nest_members_attribute = false;
3585   bool parsed_permitted_subclasses_attribute = false;
3586   bool parsed_nest_host_attribute = false;
3587   bool parsed_record_attribute = false;
3588   bool parsed_enclosingmethod_attribute = false;
3589   bool parsed_bootstrap_methods_attribute = false;
3590   const u1* runtime_visible_annotations = nullptr;
3591   int runtime_visible_annotations_length = 0;
3592   const u1* runtime_invisible_annotations = nullptr;
3593   int runtime_invisible_annotations_length = 0;
3594   const u1* runtime_visible_type_annotations = nullptr;
3595   int runtime_visible_type_annotations_length = 0;
3596   const u1* runtime_invisible_type_annotations = nullptr;
3597   int runtime_invisible_type_annotations_length = 0;
3598   bool runtime_invisible_type_annotations_exists = false;
3599   bool runtime_invisible_annotations_exists = false;
3600   bool parsed_source_debug_ext_annotations_exist = false;
3601   const u1* inner_classes_attribute_start = nullptr;
3602   u4  inner_classes_attribute_length = 0;
3603   u2  enclosing_method_class_index = 0;
3604   u2  enclosing_method_method_index = 0;
3605   const u1* nest_members_attribute_start = nullptr;
3606   u4  nest_members_attribute_length = 0;
3607   const u1* record_attribute_start = nullptr;
3608   u4  record_attribute_length = 0;
3609   const u1* permitted_subclasses_attribute_start = nullptr;
3610   u4  permitted_subclasses_attribute_length = 0;
3611 
3612   // Iterate over attributes
3613   while (attributes_count--) {
3614     cfs->guarantee_more(6, CHECK);  // attribute_name_index, attribute_length
3615     const u2 attribute_name_index = cfs->get_u2_fast();
3616     const u4 attribute_length = cfs->get_u4_fast();
3617     check_property(
3618       valid_symbol_at(attribute_name_index),
3619       "Attribute name has bad constant pool index %u in class file %s",
3620       attribute_name_index, CHECK);
3621     const Symbol* const tag = cp->symbol_at(attribute_name_index);
3622     if (tag == vmSymbols::tag_source_file()) {
3623       // Check for SourceFile tag
3624       if (_need_verify) {
3625         guarantee_property(attribute_length == 2, "Wrong SourceFile attribute length in class file %s", CHECK);
3626       }
3627       if (parsed_sourcefile_attribute) {
3628         classfile_parse_error("Multiple SourceFile attributes in class file %s", THREAD);
3629         return;
3630       } else {
3631         parsed_sourcefile_attribute = true;
3632       }
3633       parse_classfile_sourcefile_attribute(cfs, CHECK);
3634     } else if (tag == vmSymbols::tag_source_debug_extension()) {
3635       // Check for SourceDebugExtension tag
3636       if (parsed_source_debug_ext_annotations_exist) {
3637         classfile_parse_error(
3638           "Multiple SourceDebugExtension attributes in class file %s", THREAD);
3639         return;
3640       }
3641       parsed_source_debug_ext_annotations_exist = true;
3642       parse_classfile_source_debug_extension_attribute(cfs, (int)attribute_length, CHECK);
3643     } else if (tag == vmSymbols::tag_inner_classes()) {
3644       // Check for InnerClasses tag
3645       if (parsed_innerclasses_attribute) {
3646         classfile_parse_error("Multiple InnerClasses attributes in class file %s", THREAD);
3647         return;
3648       } else {
3649         parsed_innerclasses_attribute = true;
3650       }
3651       inner_classes_attribute_start = cfs->current();
3652       inner_classes_attribute_length = attribute_length;
3653       cfs->skip_u1(inner_classes_attribute_length, CHECK);
3654     } else if (tag == vmSymbols::tag_synthetic()) {
3655       // Check for Synthetic tag
3656       // Shouldn't we check that the synthetic flags wasn't already set? - not required in spec
3657       if (attribute_length != 0) {
3658         classfile_parse_error(
3659           "Invalid Synthetic classfile attribute length %u in class file %s",
3660           attribute_length, THREAD);
3661         return;
3662       }
3663       parse_classfile_synthetic_attribute();
3664     } else if (tag == vmSymbols::tag_deprecated()) {
3665       // Check for Deprecated tag - 4276120
3666       if (attribute_length != 0) {
3667         classfile_parse_error(
3668           "Invalid Deprecated classfile attribute length %u in class file %s",
3669           attribute_length, THREAD);
3670         return;
3671       }
3672     } else if (_major_version >= JAVA_1_5_VERSION) {
3673       if (tag == vmSymbols::tag_signature()) {
3674         if (_generic_signature_index != 0) {
3675           classfile_parse_error(
3676             "Multiple Signature attributes in class file %s", THREAD);
3677           return;
3678         }
3679         if (attribute_length != 2) {
3680           classfile_parse_error(
3681             "Wrong Signature attribute length %u in class file %s",
3682             attribute_length, THREAD);
3683           return;
3684         }
3685         parse_classfile_signature_attribute(cfs, CHECK);
3686       } else if (tag == vmSymbols::tag_runtime_visible_annotations()) {
3687         if (runtime_visible_annotations != nullptr) {
3688           classfile_parse_error(
3689             "Multiple RuntimeVisibleAnnotations attributes in class file %s", THREAD);
3690           return;
3691         }
3692         runtime_visible_annotations_length = attribute_length;
3693         runtime_visible_annotations = cfs->current();
3694         assert(runtime_visible_annotations != nullptr, "null visible annotations");
3695         cfs->guarantee_more(runtime_visible_annotations_length, CHECK);
3696         parse_annotations(cp,
3697                           runtime_visible_annotations,
3698                           runtime_visible_annotations_length,
3699                           parsed_annotations,
3700                           _loader_data,
3701                           _can_access_vm_annotations);
3702         cfs->skip_u1_fast(runtime_visible_annotations_length);
3703       } else if (tag == vmSymbols::tag_runtime_invisible_annotations()) {
3704         if (runtime_invisible_annotations_exists) {
3705           classfile_parse_error(
3706             "Multiple RuntimeInvisibleAnnotations attributes in class file %s", THREAD);
3707           return;
3708         }
3709         runtime_invisible_annotations_exists = true;
3710         if (PreserveAllAnnotations) {
3711           runtime_invisible_annotations_length = attribute_length;
3712           runtime_invisible_annotations = cfs->current();
3713           assert(runtime_invisible_annotations != nullptr, "null invisible annotations");
3714         }
3715         cfs->skip_u1(attribute_length, CHECK);
3716       } else if (tag == vmSymbols::tag_enclosing_method()) {
3717         if (parsed_enclosingmethod_attribute) {
3718           classfile_parse_error("Multiple EnclosingMethod attributes in class file %s", THREAD);
3719           return;
3720         } else {
3721           parsed_enclosingmethod_attribute = true;
3722         }
3723         guarantee_property(attribute_length == 4,
3724           "Wrong EnclosingMethod attribute length %u in class file %s",
3725           attribute_length, CHECK);
3726         cfs->guarantee_more(4, CHECK);  // class_index, method_index
3727         enclosing_method_class_index  = cfs->get_u2_fast();
3728         enclosing_method_method_index = cfs->get_u2_fast();
3729         if (enclosing_method_class_index == 0) {
3730           classfile_parse_error("Invalid class index in EnclosingMethod attribute in class file %s", THREAD);
3731           return;
3732         }
3733         // Validate the constant pool indices and types
3734         check_property(valid_klass_reference_at(enclosing_method_class_index),
3735           "Invalid or out-of-bounds class index in EnclosingMethod attribute in class file %s", CHECK);
3736         if (enclosing_method_method_index != 0 &&
3737             (!cp->is_within_bounds(enclosing_method_method_index) ||
3738              !cp->tag_at(enclosing_method_method_index).is_name_and_type())) {
3739           classfile_parse_error("Invalid or out-of-bounds method index in EnclosingMethod attribute in class file %s", THREAD);
3740           return;
3741         }
3742       } else if (tag == vmSymbols::tag_bootstrap_methods() &&
3743                  _major_version >= Verifier::INVOKEDYNAMIC_MAJOR_VERSION) {
3744         if (parsed_bootstrap_methods_attribute) {
3745           classfile_parse_error("Multiple BootstrapMethods attributes in class file %s", THREAD);
3746           return;
3747         }
3748         parsed_bootstrap_methods_attribute = true;
3749         parse_classfile_bootstrap_methods_attribute(cfs, cp, attribute_length, CHECK);
3750       } else if (tag == vmSymbols::tag_runtime_visible_type_annotations()) {
3751         if (runtime_visible_type_annotations != nullptr) {
3752           classfile_parse_error(
3753             "Multiple RuntimeVisibleTypeAnnotations attributes in class file %s", THREAD);
3754           return;
3755         }
3756         runtime_visible_type_annotations_length = attribute_length;
3757         runtime_visible_type_annotations = cfs->current();
3758         assert(runtime_visible_type_annotations != nullptr, "null visible type annotations");
3759         // No need for the VM to parse Type annotations
3760         cfs->skip_u1(runtime_visible_type_annotations_length, CHECK);
3761       } else if (tag == vmSymbols::tag_runtime_invisible_type_annotations()) {
3762         if (runtime_invisible_type_annotations_exists) {
3763           classfile_parse_error(
3764             "Multiple RuntimeInvisibleTypeAnnotations attributes in class file %s", THREAD);
3765           return;
3766         } else {
3767           runtime_invisible_type_annotations_exists = true;
3768         }
3769         if (PreserveAllAnnotations) {
3770           runtime_invisible_type_annotations_length = attribute_length;
3771           runtime_invisible_type_annotations = cfs->current();
3772           assert(runtime_invisible_type_annotations != nullptr, "null invisible type annotations");
3773         }
3774         cfs->skip_u1(attribute_length, CHECK);
3775       } else if (_major_version >= JAVA_11_VERSION) {
3776         if (tag == vmSymbols::tag_nest_members()) {
3777           // Check for NestMembers tag
3778           if (parsed_nest_members_attribute) {
3779             classfile_parse_error("Multiple NestMembers attributes in class file %s", THREAD);
3780             return;
3781           } else {
3782             parsed_nest_members_attribute = true;
3783           }
3784           if (parsed_nest_host_attribute) {
3785             classfile_parse_error("Conflicting NestHost and NestMembers attributes in class file %s", THREAD);
3786             return;
3787           }
3788           nest_members_attribute_start = cfs->current();
3789           nest_members_attribute_length = attribute_length;
3790           cfs->skip_u1(nest_members_attribute_length, CHECK);
3791         } else if (tag == vmSymbols::tag_nest_host()) {
3792           if (parsed_nest_host_attribute) {
3793             classfile_parse_error("Multiple NestHost attributes in class file %s", THREAD);
3794             return;
3795           } else {
3796             parsed_nest_host_attribute = true;
3797           }
3798           if (parsed_nest_members_attribute) {
3799             classfile_parse_error("Conflicting NestMembers and NestHost attributes in class file %s", THREAD);
3800             return;
3801           }
3802           if (_need_verify) {
3803             guarantee_property(attribute_length == 2, "Wrong NestHost attribute length in class file %s", CHECK);
3804           }
3805           cfs->guarantee_more(2, CHECK);
3806           u2 class_info_index = cfs->get_u2_fast();
3807           check_property(
3808                          valid_klass_reference_at(class_info_index),
3809                          "Nest-host class_info_index %u has bad constant type in class file %s",
3810                          class_info_index, CHECK);
3811           _nest_host = class_info_index;
3812 
3813         } else if (_major_version >= JAVA_16_VERSION) {
3814           if (tag == vmSymbols::tag_record()) {
3815             if (parsed_record_attribute) {
3816               classfile_parse_error("Multiple Record attributes in class file %s", THREAD);
3817               return;
3818             }
3819             parsed_record_attribute = true;
3820             record_attribute_start = cfs->current();
3821             record_attribute_length = attribute_length;
3822           } else if (_major_version >= JAVA_17_VERSION) {
3823             if (tag == vmSymbols::tag_permitted_subclasses()) {
3824               if (parsed_permitted_subclasses_attribute) {
3825                 classfile_parse_error("Multiple PermittedSubclasses attributes in class file %s", CHECK);
3826                 return;
3827               }
3828               // Classes marked ACC_FINAL cannot have a PermittedSubclasses attribute.
3829               if (_access_flags.is_final()) {
3830                 classfile_parse_error("PermittedSubclasses attribute in final class file %s", CHECK);
3831                 return;
3832               }
3833               parsed_permitted_subclasses_attribute = true;
3834               permitted_subclasses_attribute_start = cfs->current();
3835               permitted_subclasses_attribute_length = attribute_length;
3836             }
3837           }
3838           // Skip attribute_length for any attribute where major_verson >= JAVA_17_VERSION
3839           cfs->skip_u1(attribute_length, CHECK);
3840         } else {
3841           // Unknown attribute
3842           cfs->skip_u1(attribute_length, CHECK);
3843         }
3844       } else {
3845         // Unknown attribute
3846         cfs->skip_u1(attribute_length, CHECK);
3847       }
3848     } else {
3849       // Unknown attribute
3850       cfs->skip_u1(attribute_length, CHECK);
3851     }
3852   }
3853   _class_annotations = assemble_annotations(runtime_visible_annotations,
3854                                             runtime_visible_annotations_length,
3855                                             runtime_invisible_annotations,
3856                                             runtime_invisible_annotations_length,
3857                                             CHECK);
3858   _class_type_annotations = assemble_annotations(runtime_visible_type_annotations,
3859                                                  runtime_visible_type_annotations_length,
3860                                                  runtime_invisible_type_annotations,
3861                                                  runtime_invisible_type_annotations_length,
3862                                                  CHECK);
3863 
3864   if (parsed_innerclasses_attribute || parsed_enclosingmethod_attribute) {
3865     const u2 num_of_classes = parse_classfile_inner_classes_attribute(
3866                             cfs,
3867                             cp,
3868                             inner_classes_attribute_start,
3869                             parsed_innerclasses_attribute,
3870                             enclosing_method_class_index,
3871                             enclosing_method_method_index,
3872                             CHECK);
3873     if (parsed_innerclasses_attribute && _need_verify && _major_version >= JAVA_1_5_VERSION) {
3874       guarantee_property(
3875         inner_classes_attribute_length == sizeof(num_of_classes) + 4 * sizeof(u2) * num_of_classes,
3876         "Wrong InnerClasses attribute length in class file %s", CHECK);
3877     }
3878   }
3879 
3880   if (parsed_nest_members_attribute) {
3881     const u2 num_of_classes = parse_classfile_nest_members_attribute(
3882                             cfs,
3883                             nest_members_attribute_start,
3884                             CHECK);
3885     if (_need_verify) {
3886       guarantee_property(
3887         nest_members_attribute_length == sizeof(num_of_classes) + sizeof(u2) * num_of_classes,
3888         "Wrong NestMembers attribute length in class file %s", CHECK);
3889     }
3890   }
3891 
3892   if (parsed_record_attribute) {
3893     const unsigned int calculated_attr_length = parse_classfile_record_attribute(
3894                             cfs,
3895                             cp,
3896                             record_attribute_start,
3897                             CHECK);
3898     if (_need_verify) {
3899       guarantee_property(record_attribute_length == calculated_attr_length,
3900                          "Record attribute has wrong length in class file %s",
3901                          CHECK);
3902     }
3903   }
3904 
3905   if (parsed_permitted_subclasses_attribute) {
3906     const u2 num_subclasses = parse_classfile_permitted_subclasses_attribute(
3907                             cfs,
3908                             permitted_subclasses_attribute_start,
3909                             CHECK);
3910     if (_need_verify) {
3911       guarantee_property(
3912         permitted_subclasses_attribute_length == sizeof(num_subclasses) + sizeof(u2) * num_subclasses,
3913         "Wrong PermittedSubclasses attribute length in class file %s", CHECK);
3914     }
3915   }
3916 
3917   if (_max_bootstrap_specifier_index >= 0) {
3918     guarantee_property(parsed_bootstrap_methods_attribute,
3919                        "Missing BootstrapMethods attribute in class file %s", CHECK);
3920   }
3921 }
3922 
3923 void ClassFileParser::apply_parsed_class_attributes(InstanceKlass* k) {
3924   assert(k != nullptr, "invariant");
3925 
3926   if (_synthetic_flag)
3927     k->set_is_synthetic();
3928   if (_sourcefile_index != 0) {
3929     k->set_source_file_name_index(_sourcefile_index);
3930   }
3931   if (_generic_signature_index != 0) {
3932     k->set_generic_signature_index(_generic_signature_index);
3933   }
3934   if (_sde_buffer != nullptr) {
3935     k->set_source_debug_extension(_sde_buffer, _sde_length);
3936   }
3937 }
3938 
3939 // Create the Annotations object that will
3940 // hold the annotations array for the Klass.
3941 void ClassFileParser::create_combined_annotations(TRAPS) {
3942     if (_class_annotations == nullptr &&
3943         _class_type_annotations == nullptr &&
3944         _fields_annotations == nullptr &&
3945         _fields_type_annotations == nullptr) {
3946       // Don't create the Annotations object unnecessarily.
3947       return;
3948     }
3949 
3950     Annotations* const annotations = Annotations::allocate(_loader_data, CHECK);
3951     annotations->set_class_annotations(_class_annotations);
3952     annotations->set_class_type_annotations(_class_type_annotations);
3953     annotations->set_fields_annotations(_fields_annotations);
3954     annotations->set_fields_type_annotations(_fields_type_annotations);
3955 
3956     // This is the Annotations object that will be
3957     // assigned to InstanceKlass being constructed.
3958     _combined_annotations = annotations;
3959 
3960     // The annotations arrays below has been transferred the
3961     // _combined_annotations so these fields can now be cleared.
3962     _class_annotations       = nullptr;
3963     _class_type_annotations  = nullptr;
3964     _fields_annotations      = nullptr;
3965     _fields_type_annotations = nullptr;
3966 }
3967 
3968 // Transfer ownership of metadata allocated to the InstanceKlass.
3969 void ClassFileParser::apply_parsed_class_metadata(
3970                                             InstanceKlass* this_klass,
3971                                             int java_fields_count) {
3972   assert(this_klass != nullptr, "invariant");
3973 
3974   _cp->set_pool_holder(this_klass);
3975   this_klass->set_constants(_cp);
3976   this_klass->set_fields(_fields, java_fields_count);
3977   this_klass->set_methods(_methods);
3978   this_klass->set_inner_classes(_inner_classes);
3979   this_klass->set_nest_members(_nest_members);
3980   this_klass->set_nest_host_index(_nest_host);
3981   this_klass->set_annotations(_combined_annotations);
3982   this_klass->set_permitted_subclasses(_permitted_subclasses);
3983   this_klass->set_record_components(_record_components);
3984   // Delay the setting of _local_interfaces and _transitive_interfaces until after
3985   // initialize_supers() in fill_instance_klass(). It is because the _local_interfaces could
3986   // be shared with _transitive_interfaces and _transitive_interfaces may be shared with
3987   // its _super. If an OOM occurs while loading the current klass, its _super field
3988   // may not have been set. When GC tries to free the klass, the _transitive_interfaces
3989   // may be deallocated mistakenly in InstanceKlass::deallocate_interfaces(). Subsequent
3990   // dereferences to the deallocated _transitive_interfaces will result in a crash.
3991 
3992   // Clear out these fields so they don't get deallocated by the destructor
3993   clear_class_metadata();
3994 }
3995 
3996 AnnotationArray* ClassFileParser::assemble_annotations(const u1* const runtime_visible_annotations,
3997                                                        int runtime_visible_annotations_length,
3998                                                        const u1* const runtime_invisible_annotations,
3999                                                        int runtime_invisible_annotations_length,
4000                                                        TRAPS) {
4001   AnnotationArray* annotations = nullptr;
4002   if (runtime_visible_annotations != nullptr ||
4003       runtime_invisible_annotations != nullptr) {
4004     annotations = MetadataFactory::new_array<u1>(_loader_data,
4005                                           runtime_visible_annotations_length +
4006                                           runtime_invisible_annotations_length,
4007                                           CHECK_(annotations));
4008     if (runtime_visible_annotations != nullptr) {
4009       for (int i = 0; i < runtime_visible_annotations_length; i++) {
4010         annotations->at_put(i, runtime_visible_annotations[i]);
4011       }
4012     }
4013     if (runtime_invisible_annotations != nullptr) {
4014       for (int i = 0; i < runtime_invisible_annotations_length; i++) {
4015         int append = runtime_visible_annotations_length+i;
4016         annotations->at_put(append, runtime_invisible_annotations[i]);
4017       }
4018     }
4019   }
4020   return annotations;
4021 }
4022 
4023 const InstanceKlass* ClassFileParser::parse_super_class(ConstantPool* const cp,
4024                                                         const int super_class_index,
4025                                                         const bool need_verify,
4026                                                         TRAPS) {
4027   assert(cp != nullptr, "invariant");
4028   const InstanceKlass* super_klass = nullptr;
4029 
4030   if (super_class_index == 0) {
4031     check_property(_class_name == vmSymbols::java_lang_Object(),
4032                    "Invalid superclass index %u in class file %s",
4033                    super_class_index,
4034                    CHECK_NULL);
4035   } else {
4036     check_property(valid_klass_reference_at(super_class_index),
4037                    "Invalid superclass index %u in class file %s",
4038                    super_class_index,
4039                    CHECK_NULL);
4040     // The class name should be legal because it is checked when parsing constant pool.
4041     // However, make sure it is not an array type.
4042     bool is_array = false;
4043     if (cp->tag_at(super_class_index).is_klass()) {
4044       super_klass = InstanceKlass::cast(cp->resolved_klass_at(super_class_index));
4045       if (need_verify)
4046         is_array = super_klass->is_array_klass();
4047     } else if (need_verify) {
4048       is_array = (cp->klass_name_at(super_class_index)->char_at(0) == JVM_SIGNATURE_ARRAY);
4049     }
4050     if (need_verify) {
4051       guarantee_property(!is_array,
4052                         "Bad superclass name in class file %s", CHECK_NULL);
4053     }
4054   }
4055   return super_klass;
4056 }
4057 
4058 OopMapBlocksBuilder::OopMapBlocksBuilder(unsigned int max_blocks) {
4059   _max_nonstatic_oop_maps = max_blocks;
4060   _nonstatic_oop_map_count = 0;
4061   if (max_blocks == 0) {
4062     _nonstatic_oop_maps = nullptr;
4063   } else {
4064     _nonstatic_oop_maps =
4065         NEW_RESOURCE_ARRAY(OopMapBlock, _max_nonstatic_oop_maps);
4066     memset(_nonstatic_oop_maps, 0, sizeof(OopMapBlock) * max_blocks);
4067   }
4068 }
4069 
4070 OopMapBlock* OopMapBlocksBuilder::last_oop_map() const {
4071   assert(_nonstatic_oop_map_count > 0, "Has no oop maps");
4072   return _nonstatic_oop_maps + (_nonstatic_oop_map_count - 1);
4073 }
4074 
4075 // addition of super oop maps
4076 void OopMapBlocksBuilder::initialize_inherited_blocks(OopMapBlock* blocks, unsigned int nof_blocks) {
4077   assert(nof_blocks && _nonstatic_oop_map_count == 0 &&
4078          nof_blocks <= _max_nonstatic_oop_maps, "invariant");
4079 
4080   memcpy(_nonstatic_oop_maps, blocks, sizeof(OopMapBlock) * nof_blocks);
4081   _nonstatic_oop_map_count += nof_blocks;
4082 }
4083 
4084 // collection of oops
4085 void OopMapBlocksBuilder::add(int offset, int count) {
4086   if (_nonstatic_oop_map_count == 0) {
4087     _nonstatic_oop_map_count++;
4088   }
4089   OopMapBlock* nonstatic_oop_map = last_oop_map();
4090   if (nonstatic_oop_map->count() == 0) {  // Unused map, set it up
4091     nonstatic_oop_map->set_offset(offset);
4092     nonstatic_oop_map->set_count(count);
4093   } else if (nonstatic_oop_map->is_contiguous(offset)) { // contiguous, add
4094     nonstatic_oop_map->increment_count(count);
4095   } else { // Need a new one...
4096     _nonstatic_oop_map_count++;
4097     assert(_nonstatic_oop_map_count <= _max_nonstatic_oop_maps, "range check");
4098     nonstatic_oop_map = last_oop_map();
4099     nonstatic_oop_map->set_offset(offset);
4100     nonstatic_oop_map->set_count(count);
4101   }
4102 }
4103 
4104 // general purpose copy, e.g. into allocated instanceKlass
4105 void OopMapBlocksBuilder::copy(OopMapBlock* dst) {
4106   if (_nonstatic_oop_map_count != 0) {
4107     memcpy(dst, _nonstatic_oop_maps, sizeof(OopMapBlock) * _nonstatic_oop_map_count);
4108   }
4109 }
4110 
4111 // Sort and compact adjacent blocks
4112 void OopMapBlocksBuilder::compact() {
4113   if (_nonstatic_oop_map_count <= 1) {
4114     return;
4115   }
4116   /*
4117    * Since field layout sneaks in oops before values, we will be able to condense
4118    * blocks. There is potential to compact between super, own refs and values
4119    * containing refs.
4120    *
4121    * Currently compaction is slightly limited due to values being 8 byte aligned.
4122    * This may well change: FixMe if it doesn't, the code below is fairly general purpose
4123    * and maybe it doesn't need to be.
4124    */
4125   qsort(_nonstatic_oop_maps, _nonstatic_oop_map_count, sizeof(OopMapBlock),
4126         (_sort_Fn)OopMapBlock::compare_offset);
4127   if (_nonstatic_oop_map_count < 2) {
4128     return;
4129   }
4130 
4131   // Make a temp copy, and iterate through and copy back into the original
4132   ResourceMark rm;
4133   OopMapBlock* oop_maps_copy =
4134       NEW_RESOURCE_ARRAY(OopMapBlock, _nonstatic_oop_map_count);
4135   OopMapBlock* oop_maps_copy_end = oop_maps_copy + _nonstatic_oop_map_count;
4136   copy(oop_maps_copy);
4137   OopMapBlock* nonstatic_oop_map = _nonstatic_oop_maps;
4138   unsigned int new_count = 1;
4139   oop_maps_copy++;
4140   while(oop_maps_copy < oop_maps_copy_end) {
4141     assert(nonstatic_oop_map->offset() < oop_maps_copy->offset(), "invariant");
4142     if (nonstatic_oop_map->is_contiguous(oop_maps_copy->offset())) {
4143       nonstatic_oop_map->increment_count(oop_maps_copy->count());
4144     } else {
4145       nonstatic_oop_map++;
4146       new_count++;
4147       nonstatic_oop_map->set_offset(oop_maps_copy->offset());
4148       nonstatic_oop_map->set_count(oop_maps_copy->count());
4149     }
4150     oop_maps_copy++;
4151   }
4152   assert(new_count <= _nonstatic_oop_map_count, "end up with more maps after compact() ?");
4153   _nonstatic_oop_map_count = new_count;
4154 }
4155 
4156 void OopMapBlocksBuilder::print_on(outputStream* st) const {
4157   st->print_cr("  OopMapBlocks: %3d  /%3d", _nonstatic_oop_map_count, _max_nonstatic_oop_maps);
4158   if (_nonstatic_oop_map_count > 0) {
4159     OopMapBlock* map = _nonstatic_oop_maps;
4160     OopMapBlock* last_map = last_oop_map();
4161     assert(map <= last_map, "Last less than first");
4162     while (map <= last_map) {
4163       st->print_cr("    Offset: %3d  -%3d Count: %3d", map->offset(),
4164                    map->offset() + map->offset_span() - heapOopSize, map->count());
4165       map++;
4166     }
4167   }
4168 }
4169 
4170 void OopMapBlocksBuilder::print_value_on(outputStream* st) const {
4171   print_on(st);
4172 }
4173 
4174 void ClassFileParser::set_precomputed_flags(InstanceKlass* ik) {
4175   assert(ik != nullptr, "invariant");
4176 
4177   const Klass* const super = ik->super();
4178 
4179   // Check if this klass has an empty finalize method (i.e. one with return bytecode only),
4180   // in which case we don't have to register objects as finalizable
4181   if (!_has_empty_finalizer) {
4182     if (_has_finalizer ||
4183         (super != nullptr && super->has_finalizer())) {
4184       ik->set_has_finalizer();
4185     }
4186   }
4187 
4188 #ifdef ASSERT
4189   bool f = false;
4190   const Method* const m = ik->lookup_method(vmSymbols::finalize_method_name(),
4191                                            vmSymbols::void_method_signature());
4192   if (InstanceKlass::is_finalization_enabled() &&
4193       (m != nullptr) && !m->is_empty_method()) {
4194       f = true;
4195   }
4196 
4197   // Spec doesn't prevent agent from redefinition of empty finalizer.
4198   // Despite the fact that it's generally bad idea and redefined finalizer
4199   // will not work as expected we shouldn't abort vm in this case
4200   if (!ik->has_redefined_this_or_super()) {
4201     assert(ik->has_finalizer() == f, "inconsistent has_finalizer");
4202   }
4203 #endif
4204 
4205   // Check if this klass supports the java.lang.Cloneable interface
4206   if (vmClasses::Cloneable_klass_loaded()) {
4207     if (ik->is_subtype_of(vmClasses::Cloneable_klass())) {
4208       ik->set_is_cloneable();
4209     }
4210   }
4211 
4212   // Check if this klass has a vanilla default constructor
4213   if (super == nullptr) {
4214     // java.lang.Object has empty default constructor
4215     ik->set_has_vanilla_constructor();
4216   } else {
4217     if (super->has_vanilla_constructor() &&
4218         _has_vanilla_constructor) {
4219       ik->set_has_vanilla_constructor();
4220     }
4221 #ifdef ASSERT
4222     bool v = false;
4223     if (super->has_vanilla_constructor()) {
4224       const Method* const constructor =
4225         ik->find_method(vmSymbols::object_initializer_name(),
4226                        vmSymbols::void_method_signature());
4227       if (constructor != nullptr && constructor->is_vanilla_constructor()) {
4228         v = true;
4229       }
4230     }
4231     assert(v == ik->has_vanilla_constructor(), "inconsistent has_vanilla_constructor");
4232 #endif
4233   }
4234 
4235   // If it cannot be fast-path allocated, set a bit in the layout helper.
4236   // See documentation of InstanceKlass::can_be_fastpath_allocated().
4237   assert(ik->size_helper() > 0, "layout_helper is initialized");
4238   if ((!RegisterFinalizersAtInit && ik->has_finalizer())
4239       || ik->is_abstract() || ik->is_interface()
4240       || (ik->name() == vmSymbols::java_lang_Class() && ik->class_loader() == nullptr)
4241       || ik->size_helper() >= FastAllocateSizeLimit) {
4242     // Forbid fast-path allocation.
4243     const jint lh = Klass::instance_layout_helper(ik->size_helper(), true);
4244     ik->set_layout_helper(lh);
4245   }
4246 }
4247 
4248 // utility methods for appending an array with check for duplicates
4249 
4250 static void append_interfaces(GrowableArray<InstanceKlass*>* result,
4251                               const Array<InstanceKlass*>* const ifs) {
4252   // iterate over new interfaces
4253   for (int i = 0; i < ifs->length(); i++) {
4254     InstanceKlass* const e = ifs->at(i);
4255     assert(e->is_klass() && e->is_interface(), "just checking");
4256     // add new interface
4257     result->append_if_missing(e);
4258   }
4259 }
4260 
4261 static Array<InstanceKlass*>* compute_transitive_interfaces(const InstanceKlass* super,
4262                                                             Array<InstanceKlass*>* local_ifs,
4263                                                             ClassLoaderData* loader_data,
4264                                                             TRAPS) {
4265   assert(local_ifs != nullptr, "invariant");
4266   assert(loader_data != nullptr, "invariant");
4267 
4268   // Compute maximum size for transitive interfaces
4269   int max_transitive_size = 0;
4270   int super_size = 0;
4271   // Add superclass transitive interfaces size
4272   if (super != nullptr) {
4273     super_size = super->transitive_interfaces()->length();
4274     max_transitive_size += super_size;
4275   }
4276   // Add local interfaces' super interfaces
4277   const int local_size = local_ifs->length();
4278   for (int i = 0; i < local_size; i++) {
4279     InstanceKlass* const l = local_ifs->at(i);
4280     max_transitive_size += l->transitive_interfaces()->length();
4281   }
4282   // Finally add local interfaces
4283   max_transitive_size += local_size;
4284   // Construct array
4285   if (max_transitive_size == 0) {
4286     // no interfaces, use canonicalized array
4287     return Universe::the_empty_instance_klass_array();
4288   } else if (max_transitive_size == super_size) {
4289     // no new local interfaces added, share superklass' transitive interface array
4290     return super->transitive_interfaces();
4291   } else if (max_transitive_size == local_size) {
4292     // only local interfaces added, share local interface array
4293     return local_ifs;
4294   } else {
4295     ResourceMark rm;
4296     GrowableArray<InstanceKlass*>* const result = new GrowableArray<InstanceKlass*>(max_transitive_size);
4297 
4298     // Copy down from superclass
4299     if (super != nullptr) {
4300       append_interfaces(result, super->transitive_interfaces());
4301     }
4302 
4303     // Copy down from local interfaces' superinterfaces
4304     for (int i = 0; i < local_size; i++) {
4305       InstanceKlass* const l = local_ifs->at(i);
4306       append_interfaces(result, l->transitive_interfaces());
4307     }
4308     // Finally add local interfaces
4309     append_interfaces(result, local_ifs);
4310 
4311     // length will be less than the max_transitive_size if duplicates were removed
4312     const int length = result->length();
4313     assert(length <= max_transitive_size, "just checking");
4314     Array<InstanceKlass*>* const new_result =
4315       MetadataFactory::new_array<InstanceKlass*>(loader_data, length, CHECK_NULL);
4316     for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
4317       InstanceKlass* const e = result->at(i);
4318       assert(e != nullptr, "just checking");
4319       new_result->at_put(i, e);
4320     }
4321     return new_result;
4322   }
4323 }
4324 
4325 void ClassFileParser::check_super_class_access(const InstanceKlass* this_klass, TRAPS) {
4326   assert(this_klass != nullptr, "invariant");
4327   const Klass* const super = this_klass->super();
4328 
4329   if (super != nullptr) {
4330     const InstanceKlass* super_ik = InstanceKlass::cast(super);
4331 
4332     if (super->is_final()) {
4333       classfile_icce_error("class %s cannot inherit from final class %s", super_ik, THREAD);
4334       return;
4335     }
4336 
4337     if (super_ik->is_sealed() && !super_ik->has_as_permitted_subclass(this_klass)) {
4338       classfile_icce_error("class %s cannot inherit from sealed class %s", super_ik, THREAD);
4339       return;
4340     }
4341 
4342     // If the loader is not the boot loader then throw an exception if its
4343     // superclass is in package jdk.internal.reflect and its loader is not a
4344     // special reflection class loader
4345     if (!this_klass->class_loader_data()->is_the_null_class_loader_data()) {
4346       PackageEntry* super_package = super->package();
4347       if (super_package != nullptr &&
4348           super_package->name()->fast_compare(vmSymbols::jdk_internal_reflect()) == 0 &&
4349           !java_lang_ClassLoader::is_reflection_class_loader(this_klass->class_loader())) {
4350         ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
4351         Exceptions::fthrow(
4352           THREAD_AND_LOCATION,
4353           vmSymbols::java_lang_IllegalAccessError(),
4354           "class %s loaded by %s cannot access jdk/internal/reflect superclass %s",
4355           this_klass->external_name(),
4356           this_klass->class_loader_data()->loader_name_and_id(),
4357           super->external_name());
4358         return;
4359       }
4360     }
4361 
4362     Reflection::VerifyClassAccessResults vca_result =
4363       Reflection::verify_class_access(this_klass, InstanceKlass::cast(super), false);
4364     if (vca_result != Reflection::ACCESS_OK) {
4365       ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
4366       char* msg = Reflection::verify_class_access_msg(this_klass,
4367                                                       InstanceKlass::cast(super),
4368                                                       vca_result);
4369       if (msg == nullptr) {
4370         bool same_module = (this_klass->module() == super->module());
4371         Exceptions::fthrow(
4372           THREAD_AND_LOCATION,
4373           vmSymbols::java_lang_IllegalAccessError(),
4374           "class %s cannot access its %ssuperclass %s (%s%s%s)",
4375           this_klass->external_name(),
4376           super->is_abstract() ? "abstract " : "",
4377           super->external_name(),
4378           (same_module) ? this_klass->joint_in_module_of_loader(super) : this_klass->class_in_module_of_loader(),
4379           (same_module) ? "" : "; ",
4380           (same_module) ? "" : super->class_in_module_of_loader());
4381       } else {
4382         // Add additional message content.
4383         Exceptions::fthrow(
4384           THREAD_AND_LOCATION,
4385           vmSymbols::java_lang_IllegalAccessError(),
4386           "superclass access check failed: %s",
4387           msg);
4388       }
4389     }
4390   }
4391 }
4392 
4393 
4394 void ClassFileParser::check_super_interface_access(const InstanceKlass* this_klass, TRAPS) {
4395   assert(this_klass != nullptr, "invariant");
4396   const Array<InstanceKlass*>* const local_interfaces = this_klass->local_interfaces();
4397   const int lng = local_interfaces->length();
4398   for (int i = lng - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
4399     InstanceKlass* const k = local_interfaces->at(i);
4400     assert (k != nullptr && k->is_interface(), "invalid interface");
4401 
4402     if (k->is_sealed() && !k->has_as_permitted_subclass(this_klass)) {
4403       classfile_icce_error(this_klass->is_interface() ?
4404                              "class %s cannot extend sealed interface %s" :
4405                              "class %s cannot implement sealed interface %s",
4406                            k, THREAD);
4407       return;
4408     }
4409 
4410     Reflection::VerifyClassAccessResults vca_result =
4411       Reflection::verify_class_access(this_klass, k, false);
4412     if (vca_result != Reflection::ACCESS_OK) {
4413       ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
4414       char* msg = Reflection::verify_class_access_msg(this_klass,
4415                                                       k,
4416                                                       vca_result);
4417       if (msg == nullptr) {
4418         bool same_module = (this_klass->module() == k->module());
4419         Exceptions::fthrow(
4420           THREAD_AND_LOCATION,
4421           vmSymbols::java_lang_IllegalAccessError(),
4422           "class %s cannot access its superinterface %s (%s%s%s)",
4423           this_klass->external_name(),
4424           k->external_name(),
4425           (same_module) ? this_klass->joint_in_module_of_loader(k) : this_klass->class_in_module_of_loader(),
4426           (same_module) ? "" : "; ",
4427           (same_module) ? "" : k->class_in_module_of_loader());
4428       } else {
4429         // Add additional message content.
4430         Exceptions::fthrow(
4431           THREAD_AND_LOCATION,
4432           vmSymbols::java_lang_IllegalAccessError(),
4433           "superinterface check failed: %s",
4434           msg);
4435       }
4436     }
4437   }
4438 }
4439 
4440 
4441 static void check_final_method_override(const InstanceKlass* this_klass, TRAPS) {
4442   assert(this_klass != nullptr, "invariant");
4443   const Array<Method*>* const methods = this_klass->methods();
4444   const int num_methods = methods->length();
4445 
4446   // go thru each method and check if it overrides a final method
4447   for (int index = 0; index < num_methods; index++) {
4448     const Method* const m = methods->at(index);
4449 
4450     // skip private, static, and <init> methods
4451     if ((!m->is_private() && !m->is_static()) &&
4452         (m->name() != vmSymbols::object_initializer_name())) {
4453 
4454       const Symbol* const name = m->name();
4455       const Symbol* const signature = m->signature();
4456       const Klass* k = this_klass->super();
4457       const Method* super_m = nullptr;
4458       while (k != nullptr) {
4459         // skip supers that don't have final methods.
4460         if (k->has_final_method()) {
4461           // lookup a matching method in the super class hierarchy
4462           super_m = InstanceKlass::cast(k)->lookup_method(name, signature);
4463           if (super_m == nullptr) {
4464             break; // didn't find any match; get out
4465           }
4466 
4467           if (super_m->is_final() && !super_m->is_static() &&
4468               !super_m->access_flags().is_private()) {
4469             // matching method in super is final, and not static or private
4470             bool can_access = Reflection::verify_member_access(this_klass,
4471                                                                super_m->method_holder(),
4472                                                                super_m->method_holder(),
4473                                                                super_m->access_flags(),
4474                                                               false, false, CHECK);
4475             if (can_access) {
4476               // this class can access super final method and therefore override
4477               ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
4478               THROW_MSG(vmSymbols::java_lang_IncompatibleClassChangeError(),
4479                         err_msg("class %s overrides final method %s.%s%s",
4480                                 this_klass->external_name(),
4481                                 super_m->method_holder()->external_name(),
4482                                 name->as_C_string(),
4483                                 signature->as_C_string()));
4484             }
4485           }
4486 
4487           // continue to look from super_m's holder's super.
4488           k = super_m->method_holder()->super();
4489           continue;
4490         }
4491 
4492         k = k->super();
4493       }
4494     }
4495   }
4496 }
4497 
4498 
4499 // assumes that this_klass is an interface
4500 static void check_illegal_static_method(const InstanceKlass* this_klass, TRAPS) {
4501   assert(this_klass != nullptr, "invariant");
4502   assert(this_klass->is_interface(), "not an interface");
4503   const Array<Method*>* methods = this_klass->methods();
4504   const int num_methods = methods->length();
4505 
4506   for (int index = 0; index < num_methods; index++) {
4507     const Method* const m = methods->at(index);
4508     // if m is static and not the init method, throw a verify error
4509     if ((m->is_static()) && (m->name() != vmSymbols::class_initializer_name())) {
4510       ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
4511       Exceptions::fthrow(
4512         THREAD_AND_LOCATION,
4513         vmSymbols::java_lang_VerifyError(),
4514         "Illegal static method %s in interface %s",
4515         m->name()->as_C_string(),
4516         this_klass->external_name()
4517       );
4518       return;
4519     }
4520   }
4521 }
4522 
4523 // utility methods for format checking
4524 
4525 void ClassFileParser::verify_legal_class_modifiers(jint flags, TRAPS) const {
4526   const bool is_module = (flags & JVM_ACC_MODULE) != 0;
4527   assert(_major_version >= JAVA_9_VERSION || !is_module, "JVM_ACC_MODULE should not be set");
4528   if (is_module) {
4529     ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
4530     Exceptions::fthrow(
4531       THREAD_AND_LOCATION,
4532       vmSymbols::java_lang_NoClassDefFoundError(),
4533       "%s is not a class because access_flag ACC_MODULE is set",
4534       _class_name->as_C_string());
4535     return;
4536   }
4537 
4538   if (!_need_verify) { return; }
4539 
4540   const bool is_interface  = (flags & JVM_ACC_INTERFACE)  != 0;
4541   const bool is_abstract   = (flags & JVM_ACC_ABSTRACT)   != 0;
4542   const bool is_final      = (flags & JVM_ACC_FINAL)      != 0;
4543   const bool is_super      = (flags & JVM_ACC_SUPER)      != 0;
4544   const bool is_enum       = (flags & JVM_ACC_ENUM)       != 0;
4545   const bool is_annotation = (flags & JVM_ACC_ANNOTATION) != 0;
4546   const bool major_gte_1_5 = _major_version >= JAVA_1_5_VERSION;
4547 
4548   if ((is_abstract && is_final) ||
4549       (is_interface && !is_abstract) ||
4550       (is_interface && major_gte_1_5 && (is_super || is_enum)) ||
4551       (!is_interface && major_gte_1_5 && is_annotation)) {
4552     ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
4553     Exceptions::fthrow(
4554       THREAD_AND_LOCATION,
4555       vmSymbols::java_lang_ClassFormatError(),
4556       "Illegal class modifiers in class %s: 0x%X",
4557       _class_name->as_C_string(), flags
4558     );
4559     return;
4560   }
4561 }
4562 
4563 static bool has_illegal_visibility(jint flags) {
4564   const bool is_public    = (flags & JVM_ACC_PUBLIC)    != 0;
4565   const bool is_protected = (flags & JVM_ACC_PROTECTED) != 0;
4566   const bool is_private   = (flags & JVM_ACC_PRIVATE)   != 0;
4567 
4568   return ((is_public && is_protected) ||
4569           (is_public && is_private) ||
4570           (is_protected && is_private));
4571 }
4572 
4573 // A legal major_version.minor_version must be one of the following:
4574 //
4575 //  Major_version >= 45 and major_version < 56, any minor_version.
4576 //  Major_version >= 56 and major_version <= JVM_CLASSFILE_MAJOR_VERSION and minor_version = 0.
4577 //  Major_version = JVM_CLASSFILE_MAJOR_VERSION and minor_version = 65535 and --enable-preview is present.
4578 //
4579 void ClassFileParser::verify_class_version(u2 major, u2 minor, Symbol* class_name, TRAPS){
4580   ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
4581   const u2 max_version = JVM_CLASSFILE_MAJOR_VERSION;
4582   if (major < JAVA_MIN_SUPPORTED_VERSION) {
4583     classfile_ucve_error("%s (class file version %u.%u) was compiled with an invalid major version",
4584                          class_name, major, minor, THREAD);
4585     return;
4586   }
4587 
4588   if (major > max_version) {
4589     Exceptions::fthrow(
4590       THREAD_AND_LOCATION,
4591       vmSymbols::java_lang_UnsupportedClassVersionError(),
4592       "%s has been compiled by a more recent version of the Java Runtime (class file version %u.%u), "
4593       "this version of the Java Runtime only recognizes class file versions up to %u.0",
4594       class_name->as_C_string(), major, minor, JVM_CLASSFILE_MAJOR_VERSION);
4595     return;
4596   }
4597 
4598   if (major < JAVA_12_VERSION || minor == 0) {
4599     return;
4600   }
4601 
4602   if (minor == JAVA_PREVIEW_MINOR_VERSION) {
4603     if (major != max_version) {
4604       Exceptions::fthrow(
4605         THREAD_AND_LOCATION,
4606         vmSymbols::java_lang_UnsupportedClassVersionError(),
4607         "%s (class file version %u.%u) was compiled with preview features that are unsupported. "
4608         "This version of the Java Runtime only recognizes preview features for class file version %u.%u",
4609         class_name->as_C_string(), major, minor, JVM_CLASSFILE_MAJOR_VERSION, JAVA_PREVIEW_MINOR_VERSION);
4610       return;
4611     }
4612 
4613     if (!Arguments::enable_preview()) {
4614       classfile_ucve_error("Preview features are not enabled for %s (class file version %u.%u). Try running with '--enable-preview'",
4615                            class_name, major, minor, THREAD);
4616       return;
4617     }
4618 
4619   } else { // minor != JAVA_PREVIEW_MINOR_VERSION
4620     classfile_ucve_error("%s (class file version %u.%u) was compiled with an invalid non-zero minor version",
4621                          class_name, major, minor, THREAD);
4622   }
4623 }
4624 
4625 void ClassFileParser::verify_legal_field_modifiers(jint flags,
4626                                                    bool is_interface,
4627                                                    TRAPS) const {
4628   if (!_need_verify) { return; }
4629 
4630   const bool is_public    = (flags & JVM_ACC_PUBLIC)    != 0;
4631   const bool is_protected = (flags & JVM_ACC_PROTECTED) != 0;
4632   const bool is_private   = (flags & JVM_ACC_PRIVATE)   != 0;
4633   const bool is_static    = (flags & JVM_ACC_STATIC)    != 0;
4634   const bool is_final     = (flags & JVM_ACC_FINAL)     != 0;
4635   const bool is_volatile  = (flags & JVM_ACC_VOLATILE)  != 0;
4636   const bool is_transient = (flags & JVM_ACC_TRANSIENT) != 0;
4637   const bool is_enum      = (flags & JVM_ACC_ENUM)      != 0;
4638   const bool major_gte_1_5 = _major_version >= JAVA_1_5_VERSION;
4639 
4640   bool is_illegal = false;
4641 
4642   if (is_interface) {
4643     if (!is_public || !is_static || !is_final || is_private ||
4644         is_protected || is_volatile || is_transient ||
4645         (major_gte_1_5 && is_enum)) {
4646       is_illegal = true;
4647     }
4648   } else { // not interface
4649     if (has_illegal_visibility(flags) || (is_final && is_volatile)) {
4650       is_illegal = true;
4651     }
4652   }
4653 
4654   if (is_illegal) {
4655     ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
4656     Exceptions::fthrow(
4657       THREAD_AND_LOCATION,
4658       vmSymbols::java_lang_ClassFormatError(),
4659       "Illegal field modifiers in class %s: 0x%X",
4660       _class_name->as_C_string(), flags);
4661     return;
4662   }
4663 }
4664 
4665 void ClassFileParser::verify_legal_method_modifiers(jint flags,
4666                                                     bool is_interface,
4667                                                     const Symbol* name,
4668                                                     TRAPS) const {
4669   if (!_need_verify) { return; }
4670 
4671   const bool is_public       = (flags & JVM_ACC_PUBLIC)       != 0;
4672   const bool is_private      = (flags & JVM_ACC_PRIVATE)      != 0;
4673   const bool is_static       = (flags & JVM_ACC_STATIC)       != 0;
4674   const bool is_final        = (flags & JVM_ACC_FINAL)        != 0;
4675   const bool is_native       = (flags & JVM_ACC_NATIVE)       != 0;
4676   const bool is_abstract     = (flags & JVM_ACC_ABSTRACT)     != 0;
4677   const bool is_bridge       = (flags & JVM_ACC_BRIDGE)       != 0;
4678   const bool is_strict       = (flags & JVM_ACC_STRICT)       != 0;
4679   const bool is_synchronized = (flags & JVM_ACC_SYNCHRONIZED) != 0;
4680   const bool is_protected    = (flags & JVM_ACC_PROTECTED)    != 0;
4681   const bool major_gte_1_5   = _major_version >= JAVA_1_5_VERSION;
4682   const bool major_gte_8     = _major_version >= JAVA_8_VERSION;
4683   const bool major_gte_17    = _major_version >= JAVA_17_VERSION;
4684   const bool is_initializer  = (name == vmSymbols::object_initializer_name());
4685 
4686   bool is_illegal = false;
4687 
4688   if (is_interface) {
4689     if (major_gte_8) {
4690       // Class file version is JAVA_8_VERSION or later Methods of
4691       // interfaces may set any of the flags except ACC_PROTECTED,
4692       // ACC_FINAL, ACC_NATIVE, and ACC_SYNCHRONIZED; they must
4693       // have exactly one of the ACC_PUBLIC or ACC_PRIVATE flags set.
4694       if ((is_public == is_private) || /* Only one of private and public should be true - XNOR */
4695           (is_native || is_protected || is_final || is_synchronized) ||
4696           // If a specific method of a class or interface has its
4697           // ACC_ABSTRACT flag set, it must not have any of its
4698           // ACC_FINAL, ACC_NATIVE, ACC_PRIVATE, ACC_STATIC,
4699           // ACC_STRICT, or ACC_SYNCHRONIZED flags set.  No need to
4700           // check for ACC_FINAL, ACC_NATIVE or ACC_SYNCHRONIZED as
4701           // those flags are illegal irrespective of ACC_ABSTRACT being set or not.
4702           (is_abstract && (is_private || is_static || (!major_gte_17 && is_strict)))) {
4703         is_illegal = true;
4704       }
4705     } else if (major_gte_1_5) {
4706       // Class file version in the interval [JAVA_1_5_VERSION, JAVA_8_VERSION)
4707       if (!is_public || is_private || is_protected || is_static || is_final ||
4708           is_synchronized || is_native || !is_abstract || is_strict) {
4709         is_illegal = true;
4710       }
4711     } else {
4712       // Class file version is pre-JAVA_1_5_VERSION
4713       if (!is_public || is_static || is_final || is_native || !is_abstract) {
4714         is_illegal = true;
4715       }
4716     }
4717   } else { // not interface
4718     if (has_illegal_visibility(flags)) {
4719       is_illegal = true;
4720     } else {
4721       if (is_initializer) {
4722         if (is_static || is_final || is_synchronized || is_native ||
4723             is_abstract || (major_gte_1_5 && is_bridge)) {
4724           is_illegal = true;
4725         }
4726       } else { // not initializer
4727         if (is_abstract) {
4728           if ((is_final || is_native || is_private || is_static ||
4729               (major_gte_1_5 && (is_synchronized || (!major_gte_17 && is_strict))))) {
4730             is_illegal = true;
4731           }
4732         }
4733       }
4734     }
4735   }
4736 
4737   if (is_illegal) {
4738     ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
4739     Exceptions::fthrow(
4740       THREAD_AND_LOCATION,
4741       vmSymbols::java_lang_ClassFormatError(),
4742       "Method %s in class %s has illegal modifiers: 0x%X",
4743       name->as_C_string(), _class_name->as_C_string(), flags);
4744     return;
4745   }
4746 }
4747 
4748 void ClassFileParser::verify_legal_utf8(const unsigned char* buffer,
4749                                         int length,
4750                                         TRAPS) const {
4751   assert(_need_verify, "only called when _need_verify is true");
4752   if (!UTF8::is_legal_utf8(buffer, length, _major_version <= 47)) {
4753     classfile_parse_error("Illegal UTF8 string in constant pool in class file %s", THREAD);
4754   }
4755 }
4756 
4757 // Unqualified names may not contain the characters '.', ';', '[', or '/'.
4758 // In class names, '/' separates unqualified names.  This is verified in this function also.
4759 // Method names also may not contain the characters '<' or '>', unless <init>
4760 // or <clinit>.  Note that method names may not be <init> or <clinit> in this
4761 // method.  Because these names have been checked as special cases before
4762 // calling this method in verify_legal_method_name.
4763 //
4764 // This method is also called from the modular system APIs in modules.cpp
4765 // to verify the validity of module and package names.
4766 bool ClassFileParser::verify_unqualified_name(const char* name,
4767                                               unsigned int length,
4768                                               int type) {
4769   if (length == 0) return false;  // Must have at least one char.
4770   for (const char* p = name; p != name + length; p++) {
4771     switch(*p) {
4772       case JVM_SIGNATURE_DOT:
4773       case JVM_SIGNATURE_ENDCLASS:
4774       case JVM_SIGNATURE_ARRAY:
4775         // do not permit '.', ';', or '['
4776         return false;
4777       case JVM_SIGNATURE_SLASH:
4778         // check for '//' or leading or trailing '/' which are not legal
4779         // unqualified name must not be empty
4780         if (type == ClassFileParser::LegalClass) {
4781           if (p == name || p+1 >= name+length ||
4782               *(p+1) == JVM_SIGNATURE_SLASH) {
4783             return false;
4784           }
4785         } else {
4786           return false;   // do not permit '/' unless it's class name
4787         }
4788         break;
4789       case JVM_SIGNATURE_SPECIAL:
4790       case JVM_SIGNATURE_ENDSPECIAL:
4791         // do not permit '<' or '>' in method names
4792         if (type == ClassFileParser::LegalMethod) {
4793           return false;
4794         }
4795     }
4796   }
4797   return true;
4798 }
4799 
4800 // Take pointer to a UTF8 byte string (not NUL-terminated).
4801 // Skip over the longest part of the string that could
4802 // be taken as a fieldname. Allow non-trailing '/'s if slash_ok is true.
4803 // Return a pointer to just past the fieldname.
4804 // Return null if no fieldname at all was found, or in the case of slash_ok
4805 // being true, we saw consecutive slashes (meaning we were looking for a
4806 // qualified path but found something that was badly-formed).
4807 static const char* skip_over_field_name(const char* const name,
4808                                         bool slash_ok,
4809                                         unsigned int length) {
4810   const char* p;
4811   jboolean last_is_slash = false;
4812   jboolean not_first_ch = false;
4813 
4814   for (p = name; p != name + length; not_first_ch = true) {
4815     const char* old_p = p;
4816     jchar ch = *p;
4817     if (ch < 128) {
4818       p++;
4819       // quick check for ascii
4820       if ((ch >= 'a' && ch <= 'z') ||
4821         (ch >= 'A' && ch <= 'Z') ||
4822         (ch == '_' || ch == '$') ||
4823         (not_first_ch && ch >= '0' && ch <= '9')) {
4824         last_is_slash = false;
4825         continue;
4826       }
4827       if (slash_ok && ch == JVM_SIGNATURE_SLASH) {
4828         if (last_is_slash) {
4829           return nullptr;  // Don't permit consecutive slashes
4830         }
4831         last_is_slash = true;
4832         continue;
4833       }
4834     }
4835     else {
4836       jint unicode_ch;
4837       char* tmp_p = UTF8::next_character(p, &unicode_ch);
4838       p = tmp_p;
4839       last_is_slash = false;
4840       // Check if ch is Java identifier start or is Java identifier part
4841       // 4672820: call java.lang.Character methods directly without generating separate tables.
4842       EXCEPTION_MARK;
4843       // return value
4844       JavaValue result(T_BOOLEAN);
4845       // Set up the arguments to isJavaIdentifierStart or isJavaIdentifierPart
4846       JavaCallArguments args;
4847       args.push_int(unicode_ch);
4848 
4849       if (not_first_ch) {
4850         // public static boolean isJavaIdentifierPart(char ch);
4851         JavaCalls::call_static(&result,
4852           vmClasses::Character_klass(),
4853           vmSymbols::isJavaIdentifierPart_name(),
4854           vmSymbols::int_bool_signature(),
4855           &args,
4856           THREAD);
4857       } else {
4858         // public static boolean isJavaIdentifierStart(char ch);
4859         JavaCalls::call_static(&result,
4860           vmClasses::Character_klass(),
4861           vmSymbols::isJavaIdentifierStart_name(),
4862           vmSymbols::int_bool_signature(),
4863           &args,
4864           THREAD);
4865       }
4866       if (HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION) {
4867         CLEAR_PENDING_EXCEPTION;
4868         return nullptr;
4869       }
4870       if(result.get_jboolean()) {
4871         continue;
4872       }
4873     }
4874     return (not_first_ch) ? old_p : nullptr;
4875   }
4876   return (not_first_ch && !last_is_slash) ? p : nullptr;
4877 }
4878 
4879 // Take pointer to a UTF8 byte string (not NUL-terminated).
4880 // Skip over the longest part of the string that could
4881 // be taken as a field signature. Allow "void" if void_ok.
4882 // Return a pointer to just past the signature.
4883 // Return null if no legal signature is found.
4884 const char* ClassFileParser::skip_over_field_signature(const char* signature,
4885                                                        bool void_ok,
4886                                                        unsigned int length,
4887                                                        TRAPS) const {
4888   unsigned int array_dim = 0;
4889   while (length > 0) {
4890     switch (signature[0]) {
4891     case JVM_SIGNATURE_VOID: if (!void_ok) { return nullptr; }
4892     case JVM_SIGNATURE_BOOLEAN:
4893     case JVM_SIGNATURE_BYTE:
4894     case JVM_SIGNATURE_CHAR:
4895     case JVM_SIGNATURE_SHORT:
4896     case JVM_SIGNATURE_INT:
4897     case JVM_SIGNATURE_FLOAT:
4898     case JVM_SIGNATURE_LONG:
4899     case JVM_SIGNATURE_DOUBLE:
4900       return signature + 1;
4901     case JVM_SIGNATURE_CLASS: {
4902       if (_major_version < JAVA_1_5_VERSION) {
4903         // Skip over the class name if one is there
4904         const char* const p = skip_over_field_name(signature + 1, true, --length);
4905 
4906         // The next character better be a semicolon
4907         if (p && (p - signature) > 1 && p[0] == JVM_SIGNATURE_ENDCLASS) {
4908           return p + 1;
4909         }
4910       }
4911       else {
4912         // Skip leading 'L' and ignore first appearance of ';'
4913         signature++;
4914         const char* c = (const char*) memchr(signature, JVM_SIGNATURE_ENDCLASS, length - 1);
4915         // Format check signature
4916         if (c != nullptr) {
4917           int newlen = c - (char*) signature;
4918           bool legal = verify_unqualified_name(signature, newlen, LegalClass);
4919           if (!legal) {
4920             classfile_parse_error("Class name is empty or contains illegal character "
4921                                   "in descriptor in class file %s",
4922                                   THREAD);
4923             return nullptr;
4924           }
4925           return signature + newlen + 1;
4926         }
4927       }
4928       return nullptr;
4929     }
4930     case JVM_SIGNATURE_ARRAY:
4931       array_dim++;
4932       if (array_dim > 255) {
4933         // 4277370: array descriptor is valid only if it represents 255 or fewer dimensions.
4934         classfile_parse_error("Array type descriptor has more than 255 dimensions in class file %s", THREAD);
4935         return nullptr;
4936       }
4937       // The rest of what's there better be a legal signature
4938       signature++;
4939       length--;
4940       void_ok = false;
4941       break;
4942     default:
4943       return nullptr;
4944     }
4945   }
4946   return nullptr;
4947 }
4948 
4949 // Checks if name is a legal class name.
4950 void ClassFileParser::verify_legal_class_name(const Symbol* name, TRAPS) const {
4951   if (!_need_verify || _relax_verify) { return; }
4952 
4953   assert(name->refcount() > 0, "symbol must be kept alive");
4954   char* bytes = (char*)name->bytes();
4955   unsigned int length = name->utf8_length();
4956   bool legal = false;
4957 
4958   if (length > 0) {
4959     const char* p;
4960     if (bytes[0] == JVM_SIGNATURE_ARRAY) {
4961       p = skip_over_field_signature(bytes, false, length, CHECK);
4962       legal = (p != nullptr) && ((p - bytes) == (int)length);
4963     } else if (_major_version < JAVA_1_5_VERSION) {
4964       if (bytes[0] != JVM_SIGNATURE_SPECIAL) {
4965         p = skip_over_field_name(bytes, true, length);
4966         legal = (p != nullptr) && ((p - bytes) == (int)length);
4967       }
4968     } else {
4969       // 4900761: relax the constraints based on JSR202 spec
4970       // Class names may be drawn from the entire Unicode character set.
4971       // Identifiers between '/' must be unqualified names.
4972       // The utf8 string has been verified when parsing cpool entries.
4973       legal = verify_unqualified_name(bytes, length, LegalClass);
4974     }
4975   }
4976   if (!legal) {
4977     ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
4978     assert(_class_name != nullptr, "invariant");
4979     Exceptions::fthrow(
4980       THREAD_AND_LOCATION,
4981       vmSymbols::java_lang_ClassFormatError(),
4982       "Illegal class name \"%.*s\" in class file %s", length, bytes,
4983       _class_name->as_C_string()
4984     );
4985     return;
4986   }
4987 }
4988 
4989 // Checks if name is a legal field name.
4990 void ClassFileParser::verify_legal_field_name(const Symbol* name, TRAPS) const {
4991   if (!_need_verify || _relax_verify) { return; }
4992 
4993   char* bytes = (char*)name->bytes();
4994   unsigned int length = name->utf8_length();
4995   bool legal = false;
4996 
4997   if (length > 0) {
4998     if (_major_version < JAVA_1_5_VERSION) {
4999       if (bytes[0] != JVM_SIGNATURE_SPECIAL) {
5000         const char* p = skip_over_field_name(bytes, false, length);
5001         legal = (p != nullptr) && ((p - bytes) == (int)length);
5002       }
5003     } else {
5004       // 4881221: relax the constraints based on JSR202 spec
5005       legal = verify_unqualified_name(bytes, length, LegalField);
5006     }
5007   }
5008 
5009   if (!legal) {
5010     ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
5011     assert(_class_name != nullptr, "invariant");
5012     Exceptions::fthrow(
5013       THREAD_AND_LOCATION,
5014       vmSymbols::java_lang_ClassFormatError(),
5015       "Illegal field name \"%.*s\" in class %s", length, bytes,
5016       _class_name->as_C_string()
5017     );
5018     return;
5019   }
5020 }
5021 
5022 // Checks if name is a legal method name.
5023 void ClassFileParser::verify_legal_method_name(const Symbol* name, TRAPS) const {
5024   if (!_need_verify || _relax_verify) { return; }
5025 
5026   assert(name != nullptr, "method name is null");
5027   char* bytes = (char*)name->bytes();
5028   unsigned int length = name->utf8_length();
5029   bool legal = false;
5030 
5031   if (length > 0) {
5032     if (bytes[0] == JVM_SIGNATURE_SPECIAL) {
5033       if (name == vmSymbols::object_initializer_name() || name == vmSymbols::class_initializer_name()) {
5034         legal = true;
5035       }
5036     } else if (_major_version < JAVA_1_5_VERSION) {
5037       const char* p;
5038       p = skip_over_field_name(bytes, false, length);
5039       legal = (p != nullptr) && ((p - bytes) == (int)length);
5040     } else {
5041       // 4881221: relax the constraints based on JSR202 spec
5042       legal = verify_unqualified_name(bytes, length, LegalMethod);
5043     }
5044   }
5045 
5046   if (!legal) {
5047     ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
5048     assert(_class_name != nullptr, "invariant");
5049     Exceptions::fthrow(
5050       THREAD_AND_LOCATION,
5051       vmSymbols::java_lang_ClassFormatError(),
5052       "Illegal method name \"%.*s\" in class %s", length, bytes,
5053       _class_name->as_C_string()
5054     );
5055     return;
5056   }
5057 }
5058 
5059 
5060 // Checks if signature is a legal field signature.
5061 void ClassFileParser::verify_legal_field_signature(const Symbol* name,
5062                                                    const Symbol* signature,
5063                                                    TRAPS) const {
5064   if (!_need_verify) { return; }
5065 
5066   const char* const bytes = (const char* const)signature->bytes();
5067   const unsigned int length = signature->utf8_length();
5068   const char* const p = skip_over_field_signature(bytes, false, length, CHECK);
5069 
5070   if (p == nullptr || (p - bytes) != (int)length) {
5071     throwIllegalSignature("Field", name, signature, CHECK);
5072   }
5073 }
5074 
5075 // Check that the signature is compatible with the method name.  For example,
5076 // check that <init> has a void signature.
5077 void ClassFileParser::verify_legal_name_with_signature(const Symbol* name,
5078                                                        const Symbol* signature,
5079                                                        TRAPS) const {
5080   if (!_need_verify) {
5081     return;
5082   }
5083 
5084   // Class initializers cannot have args for class format version >= 51.
5085   if (name == vmSymbols::class_initializer_name() &&
5086       signature != vmSymbols::void_method_signature() &&
5087       _major_version >= JAVA_7_VERSION) {
5088     throwIllegalSignature("Method", name, signature, THREAD);
5089     return;
5090   }
5091 
5092   int sig_length = signature->utf8_length();
5093   if (name->utf8_length() > 0 &&
5094       name->char_at(0) == JVM_SIGNATURE_SPECIAL &&
5095       sig_length > 0 &&
5096       signature->char_at(sig_length - 1) != JVM_SIGNATURE_VOID) {
5097     throwIllegalSignature("Method", name, signature, THREAD);
5098   }
5099 }
5100 
5101 // Checks if signature is a legal method signature.
5102 // Returns number of parameters
5103 int ClassFileParser::verify_legal_method_signature(const Symbol* name,
5104                                                    const Symbol* signature,
5105                                                    TRAPS) const {
5106   if (!_need_verify) {
5107     // make sure caller's args_size will be less than 0 even for non-static
5108     // method so it will be recomputed in compute_size_of_parameters().
5109     return -2;
5110   }
5111 
5112   unsigned int args_size = 0;
5113   const char* p = (const char*)signature->bytes();
5114   unsigned int length = signature->utf8_length();
5115   const char* nextp;
5116 
5117   // The first character must be a '('
5118   if ((length > 0) && (*p++ == JVM_SIGNATURE_FUNC)) {
5119     length--;
5120     // Skip over legal field signatures
5121     nextp = skip_over_field_signature(p, false, length, CHECK_0);
5122     while ((length > 0) && (nextp != nullptr)) {
5123       args_size++;
5124       if (p[0] == 'J' || p[0] == 'D') {
5125         args_size++;
5126       }
5127       length -= nextp - p;
5128       p = nextp;
5129       nextp = skip_over_field_signature(p, false, length, CHECK_0);
5130     }
5131     // The first non-signature thing better be a ')'
5132     if ((length > 0) && (*p++ == JVM_SIGNATURE_ENDFUNC)) {
5133       length--;
5134       // Now we better just have a return value
5135       nextp = skip_over_field_signature(p, true, length, CHECK_0);
5136       if (nextp && ((int)length == (nextp - p))) {
5137         return args_size;
5138       }
5139     }
5140   }
5141   // Report error
5142   throwIllegalSignature("Method", name, signature, THREAD);
5143   return 0;
5144 }
5145 
5146 int ClassFileParser::static_field_size() const {
5147   assert(_field_info != nullptr, "invariant");
5148   return _field_info->_static_field_size;
5149 }
5150 
5151 int ClassFileParser::total_oop_map_count() const {
5152   assert(_field_info != nullptr, "invariant");
5153   return _field_info->oop_map_blocks->_nonstatic_oop_map_count;
5154 }
5155 
5156 jint ClassFileParser::layout_size() const {
5157   assert(_field_info != nullptr, "invariant");
5158   return _field_info->_instance_size;
5159 }
5160 
5161 static void check_methods_for_intrinsics(const InstanceKlass* ik,
5162                                          const Array<Method*>* methods) {
5163   assert(ik != nullptr, "invariant");
5164   assert(methods != nullptr, "invariant");
5165 
5166   // Set up Method*::intrinsic_id as soon as we know the names of methods.
5167   // (We used to do this lazily, but now we query it in Rewriter,
5168   // which is eagerly done for every method, so we might as well do it now,
5169   // when everything is fresh in memory.)
5170   const vmSymbolID klass_id = Method::klass_id_for_intrinsics(ik);
5171 
5172   if (klass_id != vmSymbolID::NO_SID) {
5173     for (int j = 0; j < methods->length(); ++j) {
5174       Method* method = methods->at(j);
5175       method->init_intrinsic_id(klass_id);
5176 
5177       if (CheckIntrinsics) {
5178         // Check if an intrinsic is defined for method 'method',
5179         // but the method is not annotated with @IntrinsicCandidate.
5180         if (method->intrinsic_id() != vmIntrinsics::_none &&
5181             !method->intrinsic_candidate()) {
5182               tty->print("Compiler intrinsic is defined for method [%s], "
5183               "but the method is not annotated with @IntrinsicCandidate.%s",
5184               method->name_and_sig_as_C_string(),
5185               NOT_DEBUG(" Method will not be inlined.") DEBUG_ONLY(" Exiting.")
5186             );
5187           tty->cr();
5188           DEBUG_ONLY(vm_exit(1));
5189         }
5190         // Check is the method 'method' is annotated with @IntrinsicCandidate,
5191         // but there is no intrinsic available for it.
5192         if (method->intrinsic_candidate() &&
5193           method->intrinsic_id() == vmIntrinsics::_none) {
5194             tty->print("Method [%s] is annotated with @IntrinsicCandidate, "
5195               "but no compiler intrinsic is defined for the method.%s",
5196               method->name_and_sig_as_C_string(),
5197               NOT_DEBUG("") DEBUG_ONLY(" Exiting.")
5198             );
5199           tty->cr();
5200           DEBUG_ONLY(vm_exit(1));
5201         }
5202       }
5203     } // end for
5204 
5205 #ifdef ASSERT
5206     if (CheckIntrinsics) {
5207       // Check for orphan methods in the current class. A method m
5208       // of a class C is orphan if an intrinsic is defined for method m,
5209       // but class C does not declare m.
5210       // The check is potentially expensive, therefore it is available
5211       // only in debug builds.
5212 
5213       for (auto id : EnumRange<vmIntrinsicID>{}) {
5214         if (vmIntrinsics::_compiledLambdaForm == id) {
5215           // The _compiledLamdbdaForm intrinsic is a special marker for bytecode
5216           // generated for the JVM from a LambdaForm and therefore no method
5217           // is defined for it.
5218           continue;
5219         }
5220         if (vmIntrinsics::_blackhole == id) {
5221           // The _blackhole intrinsic is a special marker. No explicit method
5222           // is defined for it.
5223           continue;
5224         }
5225 
5226         if (vmIntrinsics::class_for(id) == klass_id) {
5227           // Check if the current class contains a method with the same
5228           // name, flags, signature.
5229           bool match = false;
5230           for (int j = 0; j < methods->length(); ++j) {
5231             const Method* method = methods->at(j);
5232             if (method->intrinsic_id() == id) {
5233               match = true;
5234               break;
5235             }
5236           }
5237 
5238           if (!match) {
5239             char buf[1000];
5240             tty->print("Compiler intrinsic is defined for method [%s], "
5241                        "but the method is not available in class [%s].%s",
5242                         vmIntrinsics::short_name_as_C_string(id, buf, sizeof(buf)),
5243                         ik->name()->as_C_string(),
5244                         NOT_DEBUG("") DEBUG_ONLY(" Exiting.")
5245             );
5246             tty->cr();
5247             DEBUG_ONLY(vm_exit(1));
5248           }
5249         }
5250       } // end for
5251     } // CheckIntrinsics
5252 #endif // ASSERT
5253   }
5254 }
5255 
5256 InstanceKlass* ClassFileParser::create_instance_klass(bool changed_by_loadhook,
5257                                                       const ClassInstanceInfo& cl_inst_info,
5258                                                       TRAPS) {
5259   if (_klass != nullptr) {
5260     return _klass;
5261   }
5262 
5263   InstanceKlass* const ik =
5264     InstanceKlass::allocate_instance_klass(*this, CHECK_NULL);
5265 
5266   if (is_hidden()) {
5267     mangle_hidden_class_name(ik);
5268   }
5269 
5270   fill_instance_klass(ik, changed_by_loadhook, cl_inst_info, CHECK_NULL);
5271 
5272   assert(_klass == ik, "invariant");
5273 
5274   return ik;
5275 }
5276 
5277 void ClassFileParser::fill_instance_klass(InstanceKlass* ik,
5278                                           bool changed_by_loadhook,
5279                                           const ClassInstanceInfo& cl_inst_info,
5280                                           TRAPS) {
5281   assert(ik != nullptr, "invariant");
5282 
5283   // Set name and CLD before adding to CLD
5284   ik->set_class_loader_data(_loader_data);
5285   ik->set_name(_class_name);
5286 
5287   // Add all classes to our internal class loader list here,
5288   // including classes in the bootstrap (null) class loader.
5289   const bool publicize = !is_internal();
5290 
5291   _loader_data->add_class(ik, publicize);
5292 
5293   set_klass_to_deallocate(ik);
5294 
5295   assert(_field_info != nullptr, "invariant");
5296   assert(ik->static_field_size() == _field_info->_static_field_size, "sanity");
5297   assert(ik->nonstatic_oop_map_count() == _field_info->oop_map_blocks->_nonstatic_oop_map_count,
5298          "sanity");
5299 
5300   assert(ik->is_instance_klass(), "sanity");
5301   assert(ik->size_helper() == _field_info->_instance_size, "sanity");
5302 
5303   // Fill in information already parsed
5304   ik->set_should_verify_class(_need_verify);
5305 
5306   // Not yet: supers are done below to support the new subtype-checking fields
5307   ik->set_nonstatic_field_size(_field_info->_nonstatic_field_size);
5308   ik->set_has_nonstatic_fields(_field_info->_has_nonstatic_fields);
5309   assert(_fac != nullptr, "invariant");
5310   ik->set_static_oop_field_count(_fac->count[STATIC_OOP]);
5311 
5312   // this transfers ownership of a lot of arrays from
5313   // the parser onto the InstanceKlass*
5314   apply_parsed_class_metadata(ik, _java_fields_count);
5315 
5316   // can only set dynamic nest-host after static nest information is set
5317   if (cl_inst_info.dynamic_nest_host() != nullptr) {
5318     ik->set_nest_host(cl_inst_info.dynamic_nest_host());
5319   }
5320 
5321   // note that is not safe to use the fields in the parser from this point on
5322   assert(nullptr == _cp, "invariant");
5323   assert(nullptr == _fields, "invariant");
5324   assert(nullptr == _methods, "invariant");
5325   assert(nullptr == _inner_classes, "invariant");
5326   assert(nullptr == _nest_members, "invariant");
5327   assert(nullptr == _combined_annotations, "invariant");
5328   assert(nullptr == _record_components, "invariant");
5329   assert(nullptr == _permitted_subclasses, "invariant");
5330 
5331   if (_has_localvariable_table) {
5332     ik->set_has_localvariable_table(true);
5333   }
5334 
5335   if (_has_final_method) {
5336     ik->set_has_final_method();
5337   }
5338 
5339   ik->copy_method_ordering(_method_ordering, CHECK);
5340   // The InstanceKlass::_methods_jmethod_ids cache
5341   // is managed on the assumption that the initial cache
5342   // size is equal to the number of methods in the class. If
5343   // that changes, then InstanceKlass::idnum_can_increment()
5344   // has to be changed accordingly.
5345   ik->set_initial_method_idnum(ik->methods()->length());
5346 
5347   ik->set_this_class_index(_this_class_index);
5348 
5349   if (_is_hidden) {
5350     // _this_class_index is a CONSTANT_Class entry that refers to this
5351     // hidden class itself. If this class needs to refer to its own methods
5352     // or fields, it would use a CONSTANT_MethodRef, etc, which would reference
5353     // _this_class_index. However, because this class is hidden (it's
5354     // not stored in SystemDictionary), _this_class_index cannot be resolved
5355     // with ConstantPool::klass_at_impl, which does a SystemDictionary lookup.
5356     // Therefore, we must eagerly resolve _this_class_index now.
5357     ik->constants()->klass_at_put(_this_class_index, ik);
5358   }
5359 
5360   ik->set_minor_version(_minor_version);
5361   ik->set_major_version(_major_version);
5362   ik->set_has_nonstatic_concrete_methods(_has_nonstatic_concrete_methods);
5363   ik->set_declares_nonstatic_concrete_methods(_declares_nonstatic_concrete_methods);
5364 
5365   if (_is_hidden) {
5366     ik->set_is_hidden();
5367   }
5368 
5369   // Set PackageEntry for this_klass
5370   oop cl = ik->class_loader();
5371   Handle clh = Handle(THREAD, java_lang_ClassLoader::non_reflection_class_loader(cl));
5372   ClassLoaderData* cld = ClassLoaderData::class_loader_data_or_null(clh());
5373   ik->set_package(cld, nullptr, CHECK);
5374 
5375   const Array<Method*>* const methods = ik->methods();
5376   assert(methods != nullptr, "invariant");
5377   const int methods_len = methods->length();
5378 
5379   check_methods_for_intrinsics(ik, methods);
5380 
5381   // Fill in field values obtained by parse_classfile_attributes
5382   if (_parsed_annotations->has_any_annotations()) {
5383     _parsed_annotations->apply_to(ik);
5384   }
5385 
5386   apply_parsed_class_attributes(ik);
5387 
5388   // Miranda methods
5389   if ((_num_miranda_methods > 0) ||
5390       // if this class introduced new miranda methods or
5391       (_super_klass != nullptr && _super_klass->has_miranda_methods())
5392         // super class exists and this class inherited miranda methods
5393      ) {
5394        ik->set_has_miranda_methods(); // then set a flag
5395   }
5396 
5397   // Fill in information needed to compute superclasses.
5398   ik->initialize_supers(const_cast<InstanceKlass*>(_super_klass), _transitive_interfaces, CHECK);
5399   ik->set_transitive_interfaces(_transitive_interfaces);
5400   ik->set_local_interfaces(_local_interfaces);
5401   _transitive_interfaces = nullptr;
5402   _local_interfaces = nullptr;
5403 
5404   // Initialize itable offset tables
5405   klassItable::setup_itable_offset_table(ik);
5406 
5407   // Compute transitive closure of interfaces this class implements
5408   // Do final class setup
5409   OopMapBlocksBuilder* oop_map_blocks = _field_info->oop_map_blocks;
5410   if (oop_map_blocks->_nonstatic_oop_map_count > 0) {
5411     oop_map_blocks->copy(ik->start_of_nonstatic_oop_maps());
5412   }
5413 
5414   if (_has_contended_fields || _parsed_annotations->is_contended() ||
5415       ( _super_klass != nullptr && _super_klass->has_contended_annotations())) {
5416     ik->set_has_contended_annotations(true);
5417   }
5418 
5419   // Fill in has_finalizer, has_vanilla_constructor, and layout_helper
5420   set_precomputed_flags(ik);
5421 
5422   // check if this class can access its super class
5423   check_super_class_access(ik, CHECK);
5424 
5425   // check if this class can access its superinterfaces
5426   check_super_interface_access(ik, CHECK);
5427 
5428   // check if this class overrides any final method
5429   check_final_method_override(ik, CHECK);
5430 
5431   // reject static interface methods prior to Java 8
5432   if (ik->is_interface() && _major_version < JAVA_8_VERSION) {
5433     check_illegal_static_method(ik, CHECK);
5434   }
5435 
5436   // Obtain this_klass' module entry
5437   ModuleEntry* module_entry = ik->module();
5438   assert(module_entry != nullptr, "module_entry should always be set");
5439 
5440   // Obtain java.lang.Module
5441   Handle module_handle(THREAD, module_entry->module());
5442 
5443   // Allocate mirror and initialize static fields
5444   // The create_mirror() call will also call compute_modifiers()
5445   java_lang_Class::create_mirror(ik,
5446                                  Handle(THREAD, _loader_data->class_loader()),
5447                                  module_handle,
5448                                  _protection_domain,
5449                                  cl_inst_info.class_data(),
5450                                  CHECK);
5451 
5452   assert(_all_mirandas != nullptr, "invariant");
5453 
5454   // Generate any default methods - default methods are public interface methods
5455   // that have a default implementation.  This is new with Java 8.
5456   if (_has_nonstatic_concrete_methods) {
5457     DefaultMethods::generate_default_methods(ik,
5458                                              _all_mirandas,
5459                                              CHECK);
5460   }
5461 
5462   // Add read edges to the unnamed modules of the bootstrap and app class loaders.
5463   if (changed_by_loadhook && !module_handle.is_null() && module_entry->is_named() &&
5464       !module_entry->has_default_read_edges()) {
5465     if (!module_entry->set_has_default_read_edges()) {
5466       // We won a potential race
5467       JvmtiExport::add_default_read_edges(module_handle, THREAD);
5468     }
5469   }
5470 
5471   ClassLoadingService::notify_class_loaded(ik, false /* not shared class */);
5472 
5473   if (!is_internal()) {
5474     ik->print_class_load_logging(_loader_data, module_entry, _stream);
5475 
5476     if (ik->minor_version() == JAVA_PREVIEW_MINOR_VERSION &&
5477         ik->major_version() == JVM_CLASSFILE_MAJOR_VERSION &&
5478         log_is_enabled(Info, class, preview)) {
5479       ResourceMark rm;
5480       log_info(class, preview)("Loading class %s that depends on preview features (class file version %d.65535)",
5481                                ik->external_name(), JVM_CLASSFILE_MAJOR_VERSION);
5482     }
5483 
5484     if (log_is_enabled(Debug, class, resolve))  {
5485       ResourceMark rm;
5486       // print out the superclass.
5487       const char * from = ik->external_name();
5488       if (ik->java_super() != nullptr) {
5489         log_debug(class, resolve)("%s %s (super)",
5490                    from,
5491                    ik->java_super()->external_name());
5492       }
5493       // print out each of the interface classes referred to by this class.
5494       const Array<InstanceKlass*>* const local_interfaces = ik->local_interfaces();
5495       if (local_interfaces != nullptr) {
5496         const int length = local_interfaces->length();
5497         for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
5498           const InstanceKlass* const k = local_interfaces->at(i);
5499           const char * to = k->external_name();
5500           log_debug(class, resolve)("%s %s (interface)", from, to);
5501         }
5502       }
5503     }
5504   }
5505 
5506   JFR_ONLY(INIT_ID(ik);)
5507 
5508   // If we reach here, all is well.
5509   // Now remove the InstanceKlass* from the _klass_to_deallocate field
5510   // in order for it to not be destroyed in the ClassFileParser destructor.
5511   set_klass_to_deallocate(nullptr);
5512 
5513   // it's official
5514   set_klass(ik);
5515 
5516   debug_only(ik->verify();)
5517 }
5518 
5519 void ClassFileParser::update_class_name(Symbol* new_class_name) {
5520   // Decrement the refcount in the old name, since we're clobbering it.
5521   _class_name->decrement_refcount();
5522 
5523   _class_name = new_class_name;
5524   // Increment the refcount of the new name.
5525   // Now the ClassFileParser owns this name and will decrement in
5526   // the destructor.
5527   _class_name->increment_refcount();
5528 }
5529 
5530 static bool relax_format_check_for(ClassLoaderData* loader_data) {
5531   bool trusted = loader_data->is_boot_class_loader_data() ||
5532                  loader_data->is_platform_class_loader_data();
5533   bool need_verify =
5534     // verifyAll
5535     (BytecodeVerificationLocal && BytecodeVerificationRemote) ||
5536     // verifyRemote
5537     (!BytecodeVerificationLocal && BytecodeVerificationRemote && !trusted);
5538   return !need_verify;
5539 }
5540 
5541 ClassFileParser::ClassFileParser(ClassFileStream* stream,
5542                                  Symbol* name,
5543                                  ClassLoaderData* loader_data,
5544                                  const ClassLoadInfo* cl_info,
5545                                  Publicity pub_level,
5546                                  TRAPS) :
5547   _stream(stream),
5548   _class_name(nullptr),
5549   _loader_data(loader_data),
5550   _is_hidden(cl_info->is_hidden()),
5551   _can_access_vm_annotations(cl_info->can_access_vm_annotations()),
5552   _orig_cp_size(0),
5553   _super_klass(),
5554   _cp(nullptr),
5555   _fields(nullptr),
5556   _methods(nullptr),
5557   _inner_classes(nullptr),
5558   _nest_members(nullptr),
5559   _nest_host(0),
5560   _permitted_subclasses(nullptr),
5561   _record_components(nullptr),
5562   _local_interfaces(nullptr),
5563   _transitive_interfaces(nullptr),
5564   _combined_annotations(nullptr),
5565   _class_annotations(nullptr),
5566   _class_type_annotations(nullptr),
5567   _fields_annotations(nullptr),
5568   _fields_type_annotations(nullptr),
5569   _klass(nullptr),
5570   _klass_to_deallocate(nullptr),
5571   _parsed_annotations(nullptr),
5572   _fac(nullptr),
5573   _field_info(nullptr),
5574   _method_ordering(nullptr),
5575   _all_mirandas(nullptr),
5576   _vtable_size(0),
5577   _itable_size(0),
5578   _num_miranda_methods(0),
5579   _protection_domain(cl_info->protection_domain()),
5580   _access_flags(),
5581   _pub_level(pub_level),
5582   _bad_constant_seen(0),
5583   _synthetic_flag(false),
5584   _sde_length(false),
5585   _sde_buffer(nullptr),
5586   _sourcefile_index(0),
5587   _generic_signature_index(0),
5588   _major_version(0),
5589   _minor_version(0),
5590   _this_class_index(0),
5591   _super_class_index(0),
5592   _itfs_len(0),
5593   _java_fields_count(0),
5594   _need_verify(false),
5595   _relax_verify(false),
5596   _has_nonstatic_concrete_methods(false),
5597   _declares_nonstatic_concrete_methods(false),
5598   _has_localvariable_table(false),
5599   _has_final_method(false),
5600   _has_contended_fields(false),
5601   _has_finalizer(false),
5602   _has_empty_finalizer(false),
5603   _has_vanilla_constructor(false),
5604   _max_bootstrap_specifier_index(-1) {
5605 
5606   _class_name = name != nullptr ? name : vmSymbols::unknown_class_name();
5607   _class_name->increment_refcount();
5608 
5609   assert(_loader_data != nullptr, "invariant");
5610   assert(stream != nullptr, "invariant");
5611   assert(_stream != nullptr, "invariant");
5612   assert(_stream->buffer() == _stream->current(), "invariant");
5613   assert(_class_name != nullptr, "invariant");
5614   assert(0 == _access_flags.as_int(), "invariant");
5615 
5616   // Figure out whether we can skip format checking (matching classic VM behavior)
5617   if (DumpSharedSpaces) {
5618     // verify == true means it's a 'remote' class (i.e., non-boot class)
5619     // Verification decision is based on BytecodeVerificationRemote flag
5620     // for those classes.
5621     _need_verify = (stream->need_verify()) ? BytecodeVerificationRemote :
5622                                               BytecodeVerificationLocal;
5623   }
5624   else {
5625     _need_verify = Verifier::should_verify_for(_loader_data->class_loader(),
5626                                                stream->need_verify());
5627   }
5628 
5629   // synch back verification state to stream
5630   stream->set_verify(_need_verify);
5631 
5632   // Check if verification needs to be relaxed for this class file
5633   // Do not restrict it to jdk1.0 or jdk1.1 to maintain backward compatibility (4982376)
5634   _relax_verify = relax_format_check_for(_loader_data);
5635 
5636   parse_stream(stream, CHECK);
5637 
5638   post_process_parsed_stream(stream, _cp, CHECK);
5639 }
5640 
5641 void ClassFileParser::clear_class_metadata() {
5642   // metadata created before the instance klass is created.  Must be
5643   // deallocated if classfile parsing returns an error.
5644   _cp = nullptr;
5645   _fields = nullptr;
5646   _methods = nullptr;
5647   _inner_classes = nullptr;
5648   _nest_members = nullptr;
5649   _permitted_subclasses = nullptr;
5650   _combined_annotations = nullptr;
5651   _class_annotations = _class_type_annotations = nullptr;
5652   _fields_annotations = _fields_type_annotations = nullptr;
5653   _record_components = nullptr;
5654 }
5655 
5656 // Destructor to clean up
5657 ClassFileParser::~ClassFileParser() {
5658   _class_name->decrement_refcount();
5659 
5660   if (_cp != nullptr) {
5661     MetadataFactory::free_metadata(_loader_data, _cp);
5662   }
5663   if (_fields != nullptr) {
5664     MetadataFactory::free_array<u2>(_loader_data, _fields);
5665   }
5666 
5667   if (_methods != nullptr) {
5668     // Free methods
5669     InstanceKlass::deallocate_methods(_loader_data, _methods);
5670   }
5671 
5672   // beware of the Universe::empty_blah_array!!
5673   if (_inner_classes != nullptr && _inner_classes != Universe::the_empty_short_array()) {
5674     MetadataFactory::free_array<u2>(_loader_data, _inner_classes);
5675   }
5676 
5677   if (_nest_members != nullptr && _nest_members != Universe::the_empty_short_array()) {
5678     MetadataFactory::free_array<u2>(_loader_data, _nest_members);
5679   }
5680 
5681   if (_record_components != nullptr) {
5682     InstanceKlass::deallocate_record_components(_loader_data, _record_components);
5683   }
5684 
5685   if (_permitted_subclasses != nullptr && _permitted_subclasses != Universe::the_empty_short_array()) {
5686     MetadataFactory::free_array<u2>(_loader_data, _permitted_subclasses);
5687   }
5688 
5689   // Free interfaces
5690   InstanceKlass::deallocate_interfaces(_loader_data, _super_klass,
5691                                        _local_interfaces, _transitive_interfaces);
5692 
5693   if (_combined_annotations != nullptr) {
5694     // After all annotations arrays have been created, they are installed into the
5695     // Annotations object that will be assigned to the InstanceKlass being created.
5696 
5697     // Deallocate the Annotations object and the installed annotations arrays.
5698     _combined_annotations->deallocate_contents(_loader_data);
5699 
5700     // If the _combined_annotations pointer is non-null,
5701     // then the other annotations fields should have been cleared.
5702     assert(_class_annotations       == nullptr, "Should have been cleared");
5703     assert(_class_type_annotations  == nullptr, "Should have been cleared");
5704     assert(_fields_annotations      == nullptr, "Should have been cleared");
5705     assert(_fields_type_annotations == nullptr, "Should have been cleared");
5706   } else {
5707     // If the annotations arrays were not installed into the Annotations object,
5708     // then they have to be deallocated explicitly.
5709     MetadataFactory::free_array<u1>(_loader_data, _class_annotations);
5710     MetadataFactory::free_array<u1>(_loader_data, _class_type_annotations);
5711     Annotations::free_contents(_loader_data, _fields_annotations);
5712     Annotations::free_contents(_loader_data, _fields_type_annotations);
5713   }
5714 
5715   clear_class_metadata();
5716   _transitive_interfaces = nullptr;
5717   _local_interfaces = nullptr;
5718 
5719   // deallocate the klass if already created.  Don't directly deallocate, but add
5720   // to the deallocate list so that the klass is removed from the CLD::_klasses list
5721   // at a safepoint.
5722   if (_klass_to_deallocate != nullptr) {
5723     _loader_data->add_to_deallocate_list(_klass_to_deallocate);
5724   }
5725 }
5726 
5727 void ClassFileParser::parse_stream(const ClassFileStream* const stream,
5728                                    TRAPS) {
5729 
5730   assert(stream != nullptr, "invariant");
5731   assert(_class_name != nullptr, "invariant");
5732 
5733   // BEGIN STREAM PARSING
5734   stream->guarantee_more(8, CHECK);  // magic, major, minor
5735   // Magic value
5736   const u4 magic = stream->get_u4_fast();
5737   guarantee_property(magic == JAVA_CLASSFILE_MAGIC,
5738                      "Incompatible magic value %u in class file %s",
5739                      magic, CHECK);
5740 
5741   // Version numbers
5742   _minor_version = stream->get_u2_fast();
5743   _major_version = stream->get_u2_fast();
5744 
5745   // Check version numbers - we check this even with verifier off
5746   verify_class_version(_major_version, _minor_version, _class_name, CHECK);
5747 
5748   stream->guarantee_more(3, CHECK); // length, first cp tag
5749   u2 cp_size = stream->get_u2_fast();
5750 
5751   guarantee_property(
5752     cp_size >= 1, "Illegal constant pool size %u in class file %s",
5753     cp_size, CHECK);
5754 
5755   _orig_cp_size = cp_size;
5756   if (is_hidden()) { // Add a slot for hidden class name.
5757     cp_size++;
5758   }
5759 
5760   _cp = ConstantPool::allocate(_loader_data,
5761                                cp_size,
5762                                CHECK);
5763 
5764   ConstantPool* const cp = _cp;
5765 
5766   parse_constant_pool(stream, cp, _orig_cp_size, CHECK);
5767 
5768   assert(cp_size == (const u2)cp->length(), "invariant");
5769 
5770   // ACCESS FLAGS
5771   stream->guarantee_more(8, CHECK);  // flags, this_class, super_class, infs_len
5772 
5773   // Access flags
5774   jint flags;
5775   // JVM_ACC_MODULE is defined in JDK-9 and later.
5776   if (_major_version >= JAVA_9_VERSION) {
5777     flags = stream->get_u2_fast() & (JVM_RECOGNIZED_CLASS_MODIFIERS | JVM_ACC_MODULE);
5778   } else {
5779     flags = stream->get_u2_fast() & JVM_RECOGNIZED_CLASS_MODIFIERS;
5780   }
5781 
5782   if ((flags & JVM_ACC_INTERFACE) && _major_version < JAVA_6_VERSION) {
5783     // Set abstract bit for old class files for backward compatibility
5784     flags |= JVM_ACC_ABSTRACT;
5785   }
5786 
5787   verify_legal_class_modifiers(flags, CHECK);
5788 
5789   short bad_constant = class_bad_constant_seen();
5790   if (bad_constant != 0) {
5791     // Do not throw CFE until after the access_flags are checked because if
5792     // ACC_MODULE is set in the access flags, then NCDFE must be thrown, not CFE.
5793     classfile_parse_error("Unknown constant tag %u in class file %s", bad_constant, THREAD);
5794     return;
5795   }
5796 
5797   _access_flags.set_flags(flags);
5798 
5799   // This class and superclass
5800   _this_class_index = stream->get_u2_fast();
5801   check_property(
5802     valid_cp_range(_this_class_index, cp_size) &&
5803       cp->tag_at(_this_class_index).is_unresolved_klass(),
5804     "Invalid this class index %u in constant pool in class file %s",
5805     _this_class_index, CHECK);
5806 
5807   Symbol* const class_name_in_cp = cp->klass_name_at(_this_class_index);
5808   assert(class_name_in_cp != nullptr, "class_name can't be null");
5809 
5810   // Don't need to check whether this class name is legal or not.
5811   // It has been checked when constant pool is parsed.
5812   // However, make sure it is not an array type.
5813   if (_need_verify) {
5814     guarantee_property(class_name_in_cp->char_at(0) != JVM_SIGNATURE_ARRAY,
5815                        "Bad class name in class file %s",
5816                        CHECK);
5817   }
5818 
5819 #ifdef ASSERT
5820   // Basic sanity checks
5821   if (_is_hidden) {
5822     assert(_class_name != vmSymbols::unknown_class_name(), "hidden classes should have a special name");
5823   }
5824 #endif
5825 
5826   // Update the _class_name as needed depending on whether this is a named, un-named, or hidden class.
5827 
5828   if (_is_hidden) {
5829     assert(_class_name != nullptr, "Unexpected null _class_name");
5830 #ifdef ASSERT
5831     if (_need_verify) {
5832       verify_legal_class_name(_class_name, CHECK);
5833     }
5834 #endif
5835 
5836   } else {
5837     // Check if name in class file matches given name
5838     if (_class_name != class_name_in_cp) {
5839       if (_class_name != vmSymbols::unknown_class_name()) {
5840         ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
5841         Exceptions::fthrow(THREAD_AND_LOCATION,
5842                            vmSymbols::java_lang_NoClassDefFoundError(),
5843                            "%s (wrong name: %s)",
5844                            _class_name->as_C_string(),
5845                            class_name_in_cp->as_C_string()
5846                            );
5847         return;
5848       } else {
5849         // The class name was not known by the caller so we set it from
5850         // the value in the CP.
5851         update_class_name(class_name_in_cp);
5852       }
5853       // else nothing to do: the expected class name matches what is in the CP
5854     }
5855   }
5856 
5857   // Verification prevents us from creating names with dots in them, this
5858   // asserts that that's the case.
5859   assert(is_internal_format(_class_name), "external class name format used internally");
5860 
5861   if (!is_internal()) {
5862     LogTarget(Debug, class, preorder) lt;
5863     if (lt.is_enabled()){
5864       ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
5865       LogStream ls(lt);
5866       ls.print("%s", _class_name->as_klass_external_name());
5867       if (stream->source() != nullptr) {
5868         ls.print(" source: %s", stream->source());
5869       }
5870       ls.cr();
5871     }
5872   }
5873 
5874   // SUPERKLASS
5875   _super_class_index = stream->get_u2_fast();
5876   _super_klass = parse_super_class(cp,
5877                                    _super_class_index,
5878                                    _need_verify,
5879                                    CHECK);
5880 
5881   // Interfaces
5882   _itfs_len = stream->get_u2_fast();
5883   parse_interfaces(stream,
5884                    _itfs_len,
5885                    cp,
5886                    &_has_nonstatic_concrete_methods,
5887                    CHECK);
5888 
5889   assert(_local_interfaces != nullptr, "invariant");
5890 
5891   // Fields (offsets are filled in later)
5892   _fac = new FieldAllocationCount();
5893   parse_fields(stream,
5894                _access_flags.is_interface(),
5895                _fac,
5896                cp,
5897                cp_size,
5898                &_java_fields_count,
5899                CHECK);
5900 
5901   assert(_fields != nullptr, "invariant");
5902 
5903   // Methods
5904   parse_methods(stream,
5905                 _access_flags.is_interface(),
5906                 &_has_localvariable_table,
5907                 &_has_final_method,
5908                 &_declares_nonstatic_concrete_methods,
5909                 CHECK);
5910 
5911   assert(_methods != nullptr, "invariant");
5912 
5913   if (_declares_nonstatic_concrete_methods) {
5914     _has_nonstatic_concrete_methods = true;
5915   }
5916 
5917   // Additional attributes/annotations
5918   _parsed_annotations = new ClassAnnotationCollector();
5919   parse_classfile_attributes(stream, cp, _parsed_annotations, CHECK);
5920 
5921   assert(_inner_classes != nullptr, "invariant");
5922 
5923   // Finalize the Annotations metadata object,
5924   // now that all annotation arrays have been created.
5925   create_combined_annotations(CHECK);
5926 
5927   // Make sure this is the end of class file stream
5928   guarantee_property(stream->at_eos(),
5929                      "Extra bytes at the end of class file %s",
5930                      CHECK);
5931 
5932   // all bytes in stream read and parsed
5933 }
5934 
5935 void ClassFileParser::mangle_hidden_class_name(InstanceKlass* const ik) {
5936   ResourceMark rm;
5937   // Construct hidden name from _class_name, "+", and &ik. Note that we can't
5938   // use a '/' because that confuses finding the class's package.  Also, can't
5939   // use an illegal char such as ';' because that causes serialization issues
5940   // and issues with hidden classes that create their own hidden classes.
5941   char addr_buf[20];
5942   if (DumpSharedSpaces) {
5943     // We want stable names for the archived hidden classes (only for static
5944     // archive for now). Spaces under default_SharedBaseAddress() will be
5945     // occupied by the archive at run time, so we know that no dynamically
5946     // loaded InstanceKlass will be placed under there.
5947     static volatile size_t counter = 0;
5948     Atomic::cmpxchg(&counter, (size_t)0, Arguments::default_SharedBaseAddress()); // initialize it
5949     size_t new_id = Atomic::add(&counter, (size_t)1);
5950     jio_snprintf(addr_buf, 20, SIZE_FORMAT_X, new_id);
5951   } else {
5952     jio_snprintf(addr_buf, 20, INTPTR_FORMAT, p2i(ik));
5953   }
5954   size_t new_name_len = _class_name->utf8_length() + 2 + strlen(addr_buf);
5955   char* new_name = NEW_RESOURCE_ARRAY(char, new_name_len);
5956   jio_snprintf(new_name, new_name_len, "%s+%s",
5957                _class_name->as_C_string(), addr_buf);
5958   update_class_name(SymbolTable::new_symbol(new_name));
5959 
5960   // Add a Utf8 entry containing the hidden name.
5961   assert(_class_name != nullptr, "Unexpected null _class_name");
5962   int hidden_index = _orig_cp_size; // this is an extra slot we added
5963   _cp->symbol_at_put(hidden_index, _class_name);
5964 
5965   // Update this_class_index's slot in the constant pool with the new Utf8 entry.
5966   // We have to update the resolved_klass_index and the name_index together
5967   // so extract the existing resolved_klass_index first.
5968   CPKlassSlot cp_klass_slot = _cp->klass_slot_at(_this_class_index);
5969   int resolved_klass_index = cp_klass_slot.resolved_klass_index();
5970   _cp->unresolved_klass_at_put(_this_class_index, hidden_index, resolved_klass_index);
5971   assert(_cp->klass_slot_at(_this_class_index).name_index() == _orig_cp_size,
5972          "Bad name_index");
5973 }
5974 
5975 void ClassFileParser::post_process_parsed_stream(const ClassFileStream* const stream,
5976                                                  ConstantPool* cp,
5977                                                  TRAPS) {
5978   assert(stream != nullptr, "invariant");
5979   assert(stream->at_eos(), "invariant");
5980   assert(cp != nullptr, "invariant");
5981   assert(_loader_data != nullptr, "invariant");
5982 
5983   if (_class_name == vmSymbols::java_lang_Object()) {
5984     check_property(_local_interfaces == Universe::the_empty_instance_klass_array(),
5985                    "java.lang.Object cannot implement an interface in class file %s",
5986                    CHECK);
5987   }
5988   // We check super class after class file is parsed and format is checked
5989   if (_super_class_index > 0 && nullptr == _super_klass) {
5990     Symbol* const super_class_name = cp->klass_name_at(_super_class_index);
5991     if (_access_flags.is_interface()) {
5992       // Before attempting to resolve the superclass, check for class format
5993       // errors not checked yet.
5994       guarantee_property(super_class_name == vmSymbols::java_lang_Object(),
5995         "Interfaces must have java.lang.Object as superclass in class file %s",
5996         CHECK);
5997     }
5998     Handle loader(THREAD, _loader_data->class_loader());
5999     if (loader.is_null() && super_class_name == vmSymbols::java_lang_Object()) {
6000       _super_klass = vmClasses::Object_klass();
6001     } else {
6002       _super_klass = (const InstanceKlass*)
6003                        SystemDictionary::resolve_super_or_fail(_class_name,
6004                                                                super_class_name,
6005                                                                loader,
6006                                                                _protection_domain,
6007                                                                true,
6008                                                                CHECK);
6009     }
6010   }
6011 
6012   if (_super_klass != nullptr) {
6013     if (_super_klass->has_nonstatic_concrete_methods()) {
6014       _has_nonstatic_concrete_methods = true;
6015     }
6016 
6017     if (_super_klass->is_interface()) {
6018       classfile_icce_error("class %s has interface %s as super class", _super_klass, THREAD);
6019       return;
6020     }
6021   }
6022 
6023   // Compute the transitive list of all unique interfaces implemented by this class
6024   _transitive_interfaces =
6025     compute_transitive_interfaces(_super_klass,
6026                                   _local_interfaces,
6027                                   _loader_data,
6028                                   CHECK);
6029 
6030   assert(_transitive_interfaces != nullptr, "invariant");
6031 
6032   // sort methods
6033   _method_ordering = sort_methods(_methods);
6034 
6035   _all_mirandas = new GrowableArray<Method*>(20);
6036 
6037   Handle loader(THREAD, _loader_data->class_loader());
6038   klassVtable::compute_vtable_size_and_num_mirandas(&_vtable_size,
6039                                                     &_num_miranda_methods,
6040                                                     _all_mirandas,
6041                                                     _super_klass,
6042                                                     _methods,
6043                                                     _access_flags,
6044                                                     _major_version,
6045                                                     loader,
6046                                                     _class_name,
6047                                                     _local_interfaces);
6048 
6049   // Size of Java itable (in words)
6050   _itable_size = _access_flags.is_interface() ? 0 :
6051     klassItable::compute_itable_size(_transitive_interfaces);
6052 
6053   assert(_fac != nullptr, "invariant");
6054   assert(_parsed_annotations != nullptr, "invariant");
6055 
6056   _field_info = new FieldLayoutInfo();
6057   FieldLayoutBuilder lb(class_name(), super_klass(), _cp, _fields,
6058                         _parsed_annotations->is_contended(), _field_info);
6059   lb.build_layout();
6060 }
6061 
6062 void ClassFileParser::set_klass(InstanceKlass* klass) {
6063 
6064 #ifdef ASSERT
6065   if (klass != nullptr) {
6066     assert(nullptr == _klass, "leaking?");
6067   }
6068 #endif
6069 
6070   _klass = klass;
6071 }
6072 
6073 void ClassFileParser::set_klass_to_deallocate(InstanceKlass* klass) {
6074 
6075 #ifdef ASSERT
6076   if (klass != nullptr) {
6077     assert(nullptr == _klass_to_deallocate, "leaking?");
6078   }
6079 #endif
6080 
6081   _klass_to_deallocate = klass;
6082 }
6083 
6084 // Caller responsible for ResourceMark
6085 // clone stream with rewound position
6086 const ClassFileStream* ClassFileParser::clone_stream() const {
6087   assert(_stream != nullptr, "invariant");
6088 
6089   return _stream->clone();
6090 }
6091 
6092 ReferenceType ClassFileParser::super_reference_type() const {
6093   return _super_klass == nullptr ? REF_NONE : _super_klass->reference_type();
6094 }
6095 
6096 bool ClassFileParser::is_instance_ref_klass() const {
6097   // Only the subclasses of j.l.r.Reference are InstanceRefKlass.
6098   // j.l.r.Reference itself is InstanceKlass because InstanceRefKlass denotes a
6099   // klass requiring special treatment in ref-processing. The abstract
6100   // j.l.r.Reference cannot be instantiated so doesn't partake in
6101   // ref-processing.
6102   return is_java_lang_ref_Reference_subclass();
6103 }
6104 
6105 bool ClassFileParser::is_java_lang_ref_Reference_subclass() const {
6106   if (_super_klass == nullptr) {
6107     return false;
6108   }
6109 
6110   if (_super_klass->name() == vmSymbols::java_lang_ref_Reference()) {
6111     // Direct subclass of j.l.r.Reference: Soft|Weak|Final|Phantom
6112     return true;
6113   }
6114 
6115   return _super_klass->reference_type() != REF_NONE;
6116 }
6117 
6118 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
6119 // debugging
6120 
6121 #ifdef ASSERT
6122 
6123 // return true if class_name contains no '.' (internal format is '/')
6124 bool ClassFileParser::is_internal_format(Symbol* class_name) {
6125   if (class_name != nullptr) {
6126     ResourceMark rm;
6127     char* name = class_name->as_C_string();
6128     return strchr(name, JVM_SIGNATURE_DOT) == nullptr;
6129   } else {
6130     return true;
6131   }
6132 }
6133 
6134 #endif