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src/hotspot/share/gc/shenandoah/shenandoahConcurrentGC.cpp

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@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
  /*
   * Copyright (c) 2021, 2022, Red Hat, Inc. All rights reserved.
+  * Copyright Amazon.com Inc. or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved.
   * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
   *
   * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
   * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
   * published by the Free Software Foundation.

@@ -29,10 +30,14 @@
  #include "gc/shared/continuationGCSupport.inline.hpp"
  #include "gc/shenandoah/shenandoahBreakpoint.hpp"
  #include "gc/shenandoah/shenandoahCollectorPolicy.hpp"
  #include "gc/shenandoah/shenandoahConcurrentGC.hpp"
  #include "gc/shenandoah/shenandoahFreeSet.hpp"
+ #include "gc/shenandoah/shenandoahGeneration.hpp"
+ #include "gc/shenandoah/shenandoahGenerationalHeap.hpp"
+ #include "gc/shenandoah/shenandoahOldGeneration.hpp"
+ #include "gc/shenandoah/shenandoahYoungGeneration.hpp"
  #include "gc/shenandoah/shenandoahLock.hpp"
  #include "gc/shenandoah/shenandoahMark.inline.hpp"
  #include "gc/shenandoah/shenandoahMonitoringSupport.hpp"
  #include "gc/shenandoah/shenandoahOopClosures.inline.hpp"
  #include "gc/shenandoah/shenandoahPhaseTimings.hpp"

@@ -83,47 +88,85 @@
        ShenandoahBreakpoint::at_before_marking_completed();
      }
    }
  };
  
- ShenandoahConcurrentGC::ShenandoahConcurrentGC() :
-   _mark(),
-   _degen_point(ShenandoahDegenPoint::_degenerated_unset) {
+ ShenandoahConcurrentGC::ShenandoahConcurrentGC(ShenandoahGeneration* generation, bool do_old_gc_bootstrap) :
+   _mark(generation),
+   _degen_point(ShenandoahDegenPoint::_degenerated_unset),
+   _abbreviated(false),
+   _do_old_gc_bootstrap(do_old_gc_bootstrap),
+   _generation(generation) {
  }
  
  ShenandoahGC::ShenandoahDegenPoint ShenandoahConcurrentGC::degen_point() const {
    return _degen_point;
  }
  
- void ShenandoahConcurrentGC::cancel() {
-   ShenandoahConcurrentMark::cancel();
- }
- 
  bool ShenandoahConcurrentGC::collect(GCCause::Cause cause) {
    ShenandoahHeap* const heap = ShenandoahHeap::heap();
+ 
    ShenandoahBreakpointGCScope breakpoint_gc_scope(cause);
  
    // Reset for upcoming marking
    entry_reset();
  
    // Start initial mark under STW
    vmop_entry_init_mark();
  
    {
      ShenandoahBreakpointMarkScope breakpoint_mark_scope(cause);
+ 
+     // Reset task queue stats here, rather than in mark_concurrent_roots,
+     // because remembered set scan will `push` oops into the queues and
+     // resetting after this happens will lose those counts.
+     TASKQUEUE_STATS_ONLY(_mark.task_queues()->reset_taskqueue_stats());
+ 
+     // Concurrent remembered set scanning
+     entry_scan_remembered_set();
+     // TODO: When RS scanning yields, we will need a check_cancellation_and_abort() degeneration point here.
+ 
      // Concurrent mark roots
      entry_mark_roots();
-     if (check_cancellation_and_abort(ShenandoahDegenPoint::_degenerated_outside_cycle)) return false;
+     if (check_cancellation_and_abort(ShenandoahDegenPoint::_degenerated_roots)) {
+       return false;
+     }
  
      // Continue concurrent mark
      entry_mark();
-     if (check_cancellation_and_abort(ShenandoahDegenPoint::_degenerated_mark)) return false;
+     if (check_cancellation_and_abort(ShenandoahDegenPoint::_degenerated_mark)) {
+       return false;
+     }
    }
  
    // Complete marking under STW, and start evacuation
    vmop_entry_final_mark();
  
+   // If the GC was cancelled just before final mark (but after the preceding cancellation check),
+   // then the safepoint operation will do nothing and the concurrent mark will still be in progress.
+   // In this case it is safe (and necessary) to resume the degenerated cycle from the marking phase.
+   //
+   // On the other hand, if the GC is cancelled after final mark (but before this check), then the
+   // final mark safepoint operation will have finished the mark (setting concurrent mark in progress
+   // to false). In this case (final mark has completed), we need control to fall past the next
+   // cancellation check and resume the degenerated cycle from the evacuation phase.
+   if (_generation->is_concurrent_mark_in_progress()) {
+     // If the concurrent mark is still in progress after the final mark safepoint, then the GC has
+     // been cancelled. The degenerated cycle must resume from the marking phase. Without this check,
+     // the non-generational mode may fall all the way to the end of this collect routine without
+     // having done anything (besides mark most of the heap). Without having collected anything, we
+     // can expect an 'out of cycle' degenerated GC which will again mark the entire heap. This is
+     // not optimal.
+     // For the generational mode, we cannot allow this. The generational mode relies on marking
+     // (including the final mark) to rebuild portions of the card table. If the generational mode does
+     // not complete marking after it has swapped the card tables, the root set on subsequent GCs will
+     // be incomplete, heap corruption may follow.
+     bool cancelled = check_cancellation_and_abort(ShenandoahDegenPoint::_degenerated_mark);
+     assert(cancelled, "GC must have been cancelled between concurrent and final mark");
+     return false;
+   }
+ 
    // Concurrent stack processing
    if (heap->is_evacuation_in_progress()) {
      entry_thread_roots();
    }
  

@@ -132,14 +175,17 @@
      entry_weak_refs();
      entry_weak_roots();
    }
  
    // Final mark might have reclaimed some immediate garbage, kick cleanup to reclaim
-   // the space. This would be the last action if there is nothing to evacuate.
+   // the space. This would be the last action if there is nothing to evacuate.  Note that
+   // we will not age young-gen objects in the case that we skip evacuation.
    entry_cleanup_early();
  
    {
+     // TODO: Not sure there is value in logging free-set status right here.  Note that whenever the free set is rebuilt,
+     // it logs the newly rebuilt status.
      ShenandoahHeapLocker locker(heap->lock());
      heap->free_set()->log_status();
    }
  
    // Perform concurrent class unloading

@@ -159,29 +205,47 @@
    // This may be skipped if there is nothing to evacuate.
    // If so, evac_in_progress would be unset by collection set preparation code.
    if (heap->is_evacuation_in_progress()) {
      // Concurrently evacuate
      entry_evacuate();
-     if (check_cancellation_and_abort(ShenandoahDegenPoint::_degenerated_evac)) return false;
+     if (check_cancellation_and_abort(ShenandoahDegenPoint::_degenerated_evac)) {
+       return false;
+     }
+   }
  
+   if (heap->has_forwarded_objects()) {
      // Perform update-refs phase.
      vmop_entry_init_updaterefs();
      entry_updaterefs();
-     if (check_cancellation_and_abort(ShenandoahDegenPoint::_degenerated_updaterefs)) return false;
+     if (check_cancellation_and_abort(ShenandoahDegenPoint::_degenerated_updaterefs)) {
+       return false;
+     }
  
      // Concurrent update thread roots
      entry_update_thread_roots();
-     if (check_cancellation_and_abort(ShenandoahDegenPoint::_degenerated_updaterefs)) return false;
+     if (check_cancellation_and_abort(ShenandoahDegenPoint::_degenerated_updaterefs)) {
+       return false;
+     }
  
      vmop_entry_final_updaterefs();
  
      // Update references freed up collection set, kick the cleanup to reclaim the space.
      entry_cleanup_complete();
    } else {
+     // We chose not to evacuate because we found sufficient immediate garbage. Note that we
+     // do not check for cancellation here because, at this point, the cycle is effectively
+     // complete. If the cycle has been cancelled here, the control thread will detect it
+     // on its next iteration and run a degenerated young cycle.
      vmop_entry_final_roots();
+     _abbreviated = true;
    }
  
+   // We defer generation resizing actions until after cset regions have been recycled.  We do this even following an
+   // abbreviated cycle.
+   if (heap->mode()->is_generational()) {
+     ShenandoahGenerationalHeap::heap()->complete_concurrent_cycle();
+   }
    return true;
  }
  
  void ShenandoahConcurrentGC::vmop_entry_init_mark() {
    ShenandoahHeap* const heap = ShenandoahHeap::heap();

@@ -287,21 +351,51 @@
    op_final_roots();
  }
  
  void ShenandoahConcurrentGC::entry_reset() {
    ShenandoahHeap* const heap = ShenandoahHeap::heap();
+   heap->try_inject_alloc_failure();
+ 
    TraceCollectorStats tcs(heap->monitoring_support()->concurrent_collection_counters());
-   static const char* msg = "Concurrent reset";
-   ShenandoahConcurrentPhase gc_phase(msg, ShenandoahPhaseTimings::conc_reset);
-   EventMark em("%s", msg);
+   {
+     static const char* msg = "Concurrent reset";
+     ShenandoahConcurrentPhase gc_phase(msg, ShenandoahPhaseTimings::conc_reset);
+     EventMark em("%s", msg);
+ 
+     ShenandoahWorkerScope scope(heap->workers(),
+                                 ShenandoahWorkerPolicy::calc_workers_for_conc_reset(),
+                                 msg);
+     op_reset();
+   }
  
-   ShenandoahWorkerScope scope(heap->workers(),
-                               ShenandoahWorkerPolicy::calc_workers_for_conc_reset(),
-                               "concurrent reset");
+   if (_do_old_gc_bootstrap) {
+     static const char* msg = "Concurrent reset (OLD)";
+     ShenandoahConcurrentPhase gc_phase(msg, ShenandoahPhaseTimings::conc_reset_old);
+     ShenandoahWorkerScope scope(ShenandoahHeap::heap()->workers(),
+                                 ShenandoahWorkerPolicy::calc_workers_for_conc_reset(),
+                                 msg);
+     EventMark em("%s", msg);
  
-   heap->try_inject_alloc_failure();
-   op_reset();
+     heap->old_generation()->prepare_gc();
+   }
+ }
+ 
+ void ShenandoahConcurrentGC::entry_scan_remembered_set() {
+   if (_generation->is_young()) {
+     ShenandoahHeap* const heap = ShenandoahHeap::heap();
+     TraceCollectorStats tcs(heap->monitoring_support()->concurrent_collection_counters());
+     const char* msg = "Concurrent remembered set scanning";
+     ShenandoahConcurrentPhase gc_phase(msg, ShenandoahPhaseTimings::init_scan_rset);
+     EventMark em("%s", msg);
+ 
+     ShenandoahWorkerScope scope(heap->workers(),
+                                 ShenandoahWorkerPolicy::calc_workers_for_rs_scanning(),
+                                 msg);
+ 
+     heap->try_inject_alloc_failure();
+     _generation->scan_remembered_set(true /* is_concurrent */);
+   }
  }
  
  void ShenandoahConcurrentGC::entry_mark_roots() {
    ShenandoahHeap* const heap = ShenandoahHeap::heap();
    TraceCollectorStats tcs(heap->monitoring_support()->concurrent_collection_counters());

@@ -478,12 +572,11 @@
  void ShenandoahConcurrentGC::op_reset() {
    ShenandoahHeap* const heap = ShenandoahHeap::heap();
    if (ShenandoahPacing) {
      heap->pacer()->setup_for_reset();
    }
- 
-   heap->prepare_gc();
+   _generation->prepare_gc();
  }
  
  class ShenandoahInitMarkUpdateRegionStateClosure : public ShenandoahHeapRegionClosure {
  private:
    ShenandoahMarkingContext* const _ctx;

@@ -492,11 +585,12 @@
  
    void heap_region_do(ShenandoahHeapRegion* r) {
      assert(!r->has_live(), "Region " SIZE_FORMAT " should have no live data", r->index());
      if (r->is_active()) {
        // Check if region needs updating its TAMS. We have updated it already during concurrent
-       // reset, so it is very likely we don't need to do another write here.
+       // reset, so it is very likely we don't need to do another write here.  Since most regions
+       // are not "active", this path is relatively rare.
        if (_ctx->top_at_mark_start(r) != r->top()) {
          _ctx->capture_top_at_mark_start(r);
        }
      } else {
        assert(_ctx->top_at_mark_start(r) == r->top(),

@@ -514,34 +608,68 @@
  void ShenandoahConcurrentGC::op_init_mark() {
    ShenandoahHeap* const heap = ShenandoahHeap::heap();
    assert(ShenandoahSafepoint::is_at_shenandoah_safepoint(), "Should be at safepoint");
    assert(Thread::current()->is_VM_thread(), "can only do this in VMThread");
  
-   assert(heap->marking_context()->is_bitmap_clear(), "need clear marking bitmap");
-   assert(!heap->marking_context()->is_complete(), "should not be complete");
+   assert(_generation->is_bitmap_clear(), "need clear marking bitmap");
+   assert(!_generation->is_mark_complete(), "should not be complete");
    assert(!heap->has_forwarded_objects(), "No forwarded objects on this path");
  
+ 
+   if (heap->mode()->is_generational()) {
+     if (_generation->is_young() || (_generation->is_global() && ShenandoahVerify)) {
+       // The current implementation of swap_remembered_set() copies the write-card-table
+       // to the read-card-table. The remembered sets are also swapped for GLOBAL collections
+       // so that the verifier works with the correct copy of the card table when verifying.
+       // TODO: This path should not really depend on ShenandoahVerify.
+       ShenandoahGCPhase phase(ShenandoahPhaseTimings::init_swap_rset);
+       _generation->swap_remembered_set();
+     }
+ 
+     if (_generation->is_global()) {
+       heap->old_generation()->cancel_gc();
+     } else if (heap->is_concurrent_old_mark_in_progress()) {
+       // Purge the SATB buffers, transferring any valid, old pointers to the
+       // old generation mark queue. Any pointers in a young region will be
+       // abandoned.
+       ShenandoahGCPhase phase(ShenandoahPhaseTimings::init_transfer_satb);
+       heap->old_generation()->transfer_pointers_from_satb();
+     }
+   }
+ 
    if (ShenandoahVerify) {
      heap->verifier()->verify_before_concmark();
    }
  
    if (VerifyBeforeGC) {
      Universe::verify();
    }
  
-   heap->set_concurrent_mark_in_progress(true);
+   _generation->set_concurrent_mark_in_progress(true);
  
    start_mark();
  
-   {
+   if (_do_old_gc_bootstrap) {
+     shenandoah_assert_generational();
+     // Update region state for both young and old regions
+     // TODO: We should be able to pull this out of the safepoint for the bootstrap
+     // cycle. The top of an old region will only move when a GC cycle evacuates
+     // objects into it. When we start an old cycle, we know that nothing can touch
+     // the top of old regions.
      ShenandoahGCPhase phase(ShenandoahPhaseTimings::init_update_region_states);
      ShenandoahInitMarkUpdateRegionStateClosure cl;
      heap->parallel_heap_region_iterate(&cl);
+     heap->old_generation()->ref_processor()->reset_thread_locals();
+   } else {
+     // Update region state for only young regions
+     ShenandoahGCPhase phase(ShenandoahPhaseTimings::init_update_region_states);
+     ShenandoahInitMarkUpdateRegionStateClosure cl;
+     _generation->parallel_heap_region_iterate(&cl);
    }
  
    // Weak reference processing
-   ShenandoahReferenceProcessor* rp = heap->ref_processor();
+   ShenandoahReferenceProcessor* rp = _generation->ref_processor();
    rp->reset_thread_locals();
    rp->set_soft_reference_policy(heap->soft_ref_policy()->should_clear_all_soft_refs());
  
    // Make above changes visible to worker threads
    OrderAccess::fence();

@@ -577,33 +705,77 @@
      assert(!heap->cancelled_gc(), "STW mark cannot OOM");
  
      // Notify JVMTI that the tagmap table will need cleaning.
      JvmtiTagMap::set_needs_cleaning();
  
-     heap->prepare_regions_and_collection_set(true /*concurrent*/);
+     // The collection set is chosen by prepare_regions_and_collection_set().
+     //
+     // TODO: Under severe memory overload conditions that can be checked here, we may want to limit
+     // the inclusion of old-gen candidates within the collection set.  This would allow us to prioritize efforts on
+     // evacuating young-gen,  This remediation is most appropriate when old-gen availability is very high (so there
+     // are negligible negative impacts from delaying completion of old-gen evacuation) and when young-gen collections
+     // are "under duress" (as signalled by very low availability of memory within young-gen, indicating that/ young-gen
+     // collections are not triggering frequently enough).
+     _generation->prepare_regions_and_collection_set(true /*concurrent*/);
+ 
+     // Upon return from prepare_regions_and_collection_set(), certain parameters have been established to govern the
+     // evacuation efforts that are about to begin.  In particular:
+     //
+     // heap->get_promoted_reserve() represents the amount of memory within old-gen's available memory that has
+     //   been set aside to hold objects promoted from young-gen memory.  This represents an estimated percentage
+     //   of the live young-gen memory within the collection set.  If there is more data ready to be promoted than
+     //   can fit within this reserve, the promotion of some objects will be deferred until a subsequent evacuation
+     //   pass.
+     //
+     // heap->get_old_evac_reserve() represents the amount of memory within old-gen's available memory that has been
+     //  set aside to hold objects evacuated from the old-gen collection set.
+     //
+     // heap->get_young_evac_reserve() represents the amount of memory within young-gen's available memory that has
+     //  been set aside to hold objects evacuated from the young-gen collection set.  Conservatively, this value
+     //  equals the entire amount of live young-gen memory within the collection set, even though some of this memory
+     //  will likely be promoted.
  
      // Has to be done after cset selection
      heap->prepare_concurrent_roots();
  
-     if (!heap->collection_set()->is_empty()) {
+     if (!heap->collection_set()->is_empty() || has_in_place_promotions(heap)) {
+       // Even if the collection set is empty, we need to do evacuation if there are regions to be promoted in place.
+       // Concurrent evacuation takes responsibility for registering objects and setting the remembered set cards to dirty.
+ 
+       LogTarget(Debug, gc, cset) lt;
+       if (lt.is_enabled()) {
+         ResourceMark rm;
+         LogStream ls(lt);
+         heap->collection_set()->print_on(&ls);
+       }
+ 
        if (ShenandoahVerify) {
          heap->verifier()->verify_before_evacuation();
        }
  
+       // TODO: Do we need to set this if we are only promoting regions in place? We don't need the barriers on for that.
        heap->set_evacuation_in_progress(true);
-       // From here on, we need to update references.
-       heap->set_has_forwarded_objects(true);
  
        // Verify before arming for concurrent processing.
        // Otherwise, verification can trigger stack processing.
        if (ShenandoahVerify) {
          heap->verifier()->verify_during_evacuation();
        }
  
+       // Generational mode may promote objects in place during the evacuation phase.
+       // If that is the only reason we are evacuating, we don't need to update references
+       // and there will be no forwarded objects on the heap.
+       heap->set_has_forwarded_objects(!heap->collection_set()->is_empty());
+ 
        // Arm nmethods/stack for concurrent processing
-       ShenandoahCodeRoots::arm_nmethods_for_evac();
-       ShenandoahStackWatermark::change_epoch_id();
+       if (!heap->collection_set()->is_empty()) {
+         // Iff objects will be evaluated, arm the nmethod barriers. These will be disarmed
+         // under the same condition (established in prepare_concurrent_roots) after strong
+         // root evacuation has completed (see op_strong_roots).
+         ShenandoahCodeRoots::arm_nmethods_for_evac();
+         ShenandoahStackWatermark::change_epoch_id();
+       }
  
        if (ShenandoahPacing) {
          heap->pacer()->setup_for_evac();
        }
      } else {

@@ -616,64 +788,77 @@
        }
      }
    }
  }
  
+ bool ShenandoahConcurrentGC::has_in_place_promotions(ShenandoahHeap* heap) {
+   return heap->mode()->is_generational() && heap->old_generation()->has_in_place_promotions();
+ }
+ 
+ template<bool GENERATIONAL>
  class ShenandoahConcurrentEvacThreadClosure : public ThreadClosure {
  private:
    OopClosure* const _oops;
- 
  public:
-   ShenandoahConcurrentEvacThreadClosure(OopClosure* oops);
-   void do_thread(Thread* thread);
- };
- 
- ShenandoahConcurrentEvacThreadClosure::ShenandoahConcurrentEvacThreadClosure(OopClosure* oops) :
-   _oops(oops) {
- }
+   explicit ShenandoahConcurrentEvacThreadClosure(OopClosure* oops) : _oops(oops) {}
  
- void ShenandoahConcurrentEvacThreadClosure::do_thread(Thread* thread) {
-   JavaThread* const jt = JavaThread::cast(thread);
-   StackWatermarkSet::finish_processing(jt, _oops, StackWatermarkKind::gc);
- }
+   void do_thread(Thread* thread) override {
+     JavaThread* const jt = JavaThread::cast(thread);
+     StackWatermarkSet::finish_processing(jt, _oops, StackWatermarkKind::gc);
+     if (GENERATIONAL) {
+       ShenandoahThreadLocalData::enable_plab_promotions(thread);
+     }
+   }
+ };
  
+ template<bool GENERATIONAL>
  class ShenandoahConcurrentEvacUpdateThreadTask : public WorkerTask {
  private:
    ShenandoahJavaThreadsIterator _java_threads;
  
  public:
-   ShenandoahConcurrentEvacUpdateThreadTask(uint n_workers) :
+   explicit ShenandoahConcurrentEvacUpdateThreadTask(uint n_workers) :
      WorkerTask("Shenandoah Evacuate/Update Concurrent Thread Roots"),
      _java_threads(ShenandoahPhaseTimings::conc_thread_roots, n_workers) {
    }
  
-   void work(uint worker_id) {
+   void work(uint worker_id) override {
+     if (GENERATIONAL) {
+       Thread* worker_thread = Thread::current();
+       ShenandoahThreadLocalData::enable_plab_promotions(worker_thread);
+     }
+ 
      // ShenandoahEvacOOMScope has to be setup by ShenandoahContextEvacuateUpdateRootsClosure.
      // Otherwise, may deadlock with watermark lock
      ShenandoahContextEvacuateUpdateRootsClosure oops_cl;
-     ShenandoahConcurrentEvacThreadClosure thr_cl(&oops_cl);
+     ShenandoahConcurrentEvacThreadClosure<GENERATIONAL> thr_cl(&oops_cl);
      _java_threads.threads_do(&thr_cl, worker_id);
    }
  };
  
  void ShenandoahConcurrentGC::op_thread_roots() {
    ShenandoahHeap* const heap = ShenandoahHeap::heap();
    assert(heap->is_evacuation_in_progress(), "Checked by caller");
    ShenandoahGCWorkerPhase worker_phase(ShenandoahPhaseTimings::conc_thread_roots);
-   ShenandoahConcurrentEvacUpdateThreadTask task(heap->workers()->active_workers());
-   heap->workers()->run_task(&task);
+   if (heap->mode()->is_generational()) {
+     ShenandoahConcurrentEvacUpdateThreadTask<true> task(heap->workers()->active_workers());
+     heap->workers()->run_task(&task);
+   } else {
+     ShenandoahConcurrentEvacUpdateThreadTask<false> task(heap->workers()->active_workers());
+     heap->workers()->run_task(&task);
+   }
  }
  
  void ShenandoahConcurrentGC::op_weak_refs() {
    ShenandoahHeap* const heap = ShenandoahHeap::heap();
    assert(heap->is_concurrent_weak_root_in_progress(), "Only during this phase");
    // Concurrent weak refs processing
    ShenandoahGCWorkerPhase worker_phase(ShenandoahPhaseTimings::conc_weak_refs);
    if (heap->gc_cause() == GCCause::_wb_breakpoint) {
      ShenandoahBreakpoint::at_after_reference_processing_started();
    }
-   heap->ref_processor()->process_references(ShenandoahPhaseTimings::conc_weak_refs, heap->workers(), true /* concurrent */);
+   _generation->ref_processor()->process_references(ShenandoahPhaseTimings::conc_weak_refs, heap->workers(), true /* concurrent */);
  }
  
  class ShenandoahEvacUpdateCleanupOopStorageRootsClosure : public BasicOopIterateClosure {
  private:
    ShenandoahHeap* const _heap;

@@ -696,21 +881,27 @@
  
  void ShenandoahEvacUpdateCleanupOopStorageRootsClosure::do_oop(oop* p) {
    const oop obj = RawAccess<>::oop_load(p);
    if (!CompressedOops::is_null(obj)) {
      if (!_mark_context->is_marked(obj)) {
-       shenandoah_assert_correct(p, obj);
-       ShenandoahHeap::atomic_clear_oop(p, obj);
+       shenandoah_assert_generations_reconciled();
+       if (_heap->is_in_active_generation(obj)) {
+         // TODO: This worries me. Here we are asserting that an unmarked from-space object is 'correct'.
+         // Normally, I would call this a bogus assert, but there seems to be a legitimate use-case for
+         // accessing from-space objects during class unloading. However, the from-space object may have
+         // been "filled". We've made no effort to prevent old generation classes being unloaded by young
+         // gen (and vice-versa).
+         shenandoah_assert_correct(p, obj);
+         ShenandoahHeap::atomic_clear_oop(p, obj);
+       }
      } else if (_evac_in_progress && _heap->in_collection_set(obj)) {
        oop resolved = ShenandoahBarrierSet::resolve_forwarded_not_null(obj);
        if (resolved == obj) {
          resolved = _heap->evacuate_object(obj, _thread);
        }
+       shenandoah_assert_not_in_cset_except(p, resolved, _heap->cancelled_gc());
        ShenandoahHeap::atomic_update_oop(resolved, p, obj);
-       assert(_heap->cancelled_gc() ||
-              _mark_context->is_marked(resolved) && !_heap->in_collection_set(resolved),
-              "Sanity");
      }
    }
  }
  
  void ShenandoahEvacUpdateCleanupOopStorageRootsClosure::do_oop(narrowOop* p) {

@@ -814,10 +1005,13 @@
    // Perform handshake to flush out dead oops
    {
      ShenandoahTimingsTracker t(ShenandoahPhaseTimings::conc_weak_roots_rendezvous);
      heap->rendezvous_threads();
    }
+   // We can only toggle concurrent_weak_root_in_progress flag
+   // at a safepoint, so that mutators see a consistent
+   // value. The flag will be cleared at the next safepoint.
  }
  
  void ShenandoahConcurrentGC::op_class_unloading() {
    ShenandoahHeap* const heap = ShenandoahHeap::heap();
    assert (heap->is_concurrent_weak_root_in_progress() &&

@@ -923,11 +1117,13 @@
    ShenandoahHeap* const heap = ShenandoahHeap::heap();
    heap->set_evacuation_in_progress(false);
    heap->set_concurrent_weak_root_in_progress(false);
    heap->prepare_update_heap_references(true /*concurrent*/);
    heap->set_update_refs_in_progress(true);
- 
+   if (ShenandoahVerify) {
+     heap->verifier()->verify_before_updaterefs();
+   }
    if (ShenandoahPacing) {
      heap->pacer()->setup_for_updaterefs();
    }
  }
  

@@ -968,23 +1164,47 @@
    heap->finish_concurrent_roots();
  
    // Clear cancelled GC, if set. On cancellation path, the block before would handle
    // everything.
    if (heap->cancelled_gc()) {
-     heap->clear_cancelled_gc();
+     heap->clear_cancelled_gc(true /* clear oom handler */);
    }
  
    // Has to be done before cset is clear
    if (ShenandoahVerify) {
      heap->verifier()->verify_roots_in_to_space();
    }
  
+   // If we are running in generational mode and this is an aging cycle, this will also age active
+   // regions that haven't been used for allocation.
    heap->update_heap_region_states(true /*concurrent*/);
  
    heap->set_update_refs_in_progress(false);
    heap->set_has_forwarded_objects(false);
  
+   if (heap->mode()->is_generational() && heap->is_concurrent_old_mark_in_progress()) {
+     // When the SATB barrier is left on to support concurrent old gen mark, it may pick up writes to
+     // objects in the collection set. After those objects are evacuated, the pointers in the
+     // SATB are no longer safe. Once we have finished update references, we are guaranteed that
+     // no more writes to the collection set are possible.
+     //
+     // This will transfer any old pointers in _active_ regions from the SATB to the old gen
+     // mark queues. All other pointers will be discarded. This would also discard any pointers
+     // in old regions that were included in a mixed evacuation. We aren't using the SATB filter
+     // methods here because we cannot control when they execute. If the SATB filter runs _after_
+     // a region has been recycled, we will not be able to detect the bad pointer.
+     //
+     // We are not concerned about skipping this step in abbreviated cycles because regions
+     // with no live objects cannot have been written to and so cannot have entries in the SATB
+     // buffers.
+     heap->old_generation()->transfer_pointers_from_satb();
+ 
+     // Aging_cycle is only relevant during evacuation cycle for individual objects and during final mark for
+     // entire regions.  Both of these relevant operations occur before final update refs.
+     ShenandoahGenerationalHeap::heap()->set_aging_cycle(false);
+   }
+ 
    if (ShenandoahVerify) {
      heap->verifier()->verify_after_updaterefs();
    }
  
    if (VerifyAfterGC) {

@@ -993,11 +1213,27 @@
  
    heap->rebuild_free_set(true /*concurrent*/);
  }
  
  void ShenandoahConcurrentGC::op_final_roots() {
-   ShenandoahHeap::heap()->set_concurrent_weak_root_in_progress(false);
+ 
+   ShenandoahHeap *heap = ShenandoahHeap::heap();
+   heap->set_concurrent_weak_root_in_progress(false);
+   heap->set_evacuation_in_progress(false);
+ 
+   if (heap->mode()->is_generational()) {
+     // If the cycle was shortened for having enough immediate garbage, this could be
+     // the last GC safepoint before concurrent marking of old resumes. We must be sure
+     // that old mark threads don't see any pointers to garbage in the SATB buffers.
+     if (heap->is_concurrent_old_mark_in_progress()) {
+       heap->old_generation()->transfer_pointers_from_satb();
+     }
+ 
+     if (!_generation->is_old()) {
+       ShenandoahGenerationalHeap::heap()->update_region_ages(_generation->complete_marking_context());
+     }
+   }
  }
  
  void ShenandoahConcurrentGC::op_cleanup_complete() {
    ShenandoahHeap::heap()->free_set()->recycle_trash();
  }

@@ -1012,30 +1248,33 @@
  
  const char* ShenandoahConcurrentGC::init_mark_event_message() const {
    ShenandoahHeap* const heap = ShenandoahHeap::heap();
    assert(!heap->has_forwarded_objects(), "Should not have forwarded objects here");
    if (heap->unload_classes()) {
-     return "Pause Init Mark (unload classes)";
+     SHENANDOAH_RETURN_EVENT_MESSAGE(_generation->type(), "Pause Init Mark", " (unload classes)");
    } else {
-     return "Pause Init Mark";
+     SHENANDOAH_RETURN_EVENT_MESSAGE(_generation->type(), "Pause Init Mark", "");
    }
  }
  
  const char* ShenandoahConcurrentGC::final_mark_event_message() const {
    ShenandoahHeap* const heap = ShenandoahHeap::heap();
-   assert(!heap->has_forwarded_objects(), "Should not have forwarded objects here");
+   assert(!heap->has_forwarded_objects() || heap->is_concurrent_old_mark_in_progress(),
+          "Should not have forwarded objects during final mark, unless old gen concurrent mark is running");
+ 
    if (heap->unload_classes()) {
-     return "Pause Final Mark (unload classes)";
+     SHENANDOAH_RETURN_EVENT_MESSAGE(_generation->type(), "Pause Final Mark", " (unload classes)");
    } else {
-     return "Pause Final Mark";
+     SHENANDOAH_RETURN_EVENT_MESSAGE(_generation->type(), "Pause Final Mark", "");
    }
  }
  
  const char* ShenandoahConcurrentGC::conc_mark_event_message() const {
    ShenandoahHeap* const heap = ShenandoahHeap::heap();
-   assert(!heap->has_forwarded_objects(), "Should not have forwarded objects here");
+   assert(!heap->has_forwarded_objects() || heap->is_concurrent_old_mark_in_progress(),
+          "Should not have forwarded objects concurrent mark, unless old gen concurrent mark is running");
    if (heap->unload_classes()) {
-     return "Concurrent marking (unload classes)";
+     SHENANDOAH_RETURN_EVENT_MESSAGE(_generation->type(), "Concurrent marking", " (unload classes)");
    } else {
-     return "Concurrent marking";
+     SHENANDOAH_RETURN_EVENT_MESSAGE(_generation->type(), "Concurrent marking", "");
    }
  }
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