1 /*
   2  * Copyright (c) 1997, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
   3  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
   4  *
   5  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
   6  * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
   7  * published by the Free Software Foundation.
   8  *
   9  * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
  10  * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
  11  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
  12  * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
  13  * accompanied this code).
  14  *
  15  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
  16  * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
  17  * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
  18  *
  19  * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
  20  * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
  21  * questions.
  22  *
  23  */
  24 
  25 #include "asm/codeBuffer.hpp"
  26 #include "code/aotCodeCache.hpp"
  27 #include "code/compiledIC.hpp"
  28 #include "code/oopRecorder.inline.hpp"
  29 #include "compiler/disassembler.hpp"
  30 #include "logging/log.hpp"
  31 #include "oops/klass.inline.hpp"
  32 #include "oops/methodCounters.hpp"
  33 #include "oops/methodData.hpp"
  34 #include "oops/oop.inline.hpp"
  35 #include "runtime/safepointVerifiers.hpp"
  36 #include "utilities/align.hpp"
  37 #include "utilities/copy.hpp"
  38 #include "utilities/powerOfTwo.hpp"
  39 #include "utilities/xmlstream.hpp"
  40 
  41 // The structure of a CodeSection:
  42 //
  43 //    _start ->           +----------------+
  44 //                        | machine code...|
  45 //    _end ->             |----------------|
  46 //                        |                |
  47 //                        |    (empty)     |
  48 //                        |                |
  49 //                        |                |
  50 //                        +----------------+
  51 //    _limit ->           |                |
  52 //
  53 //    _locs_start ->      +----------------+
  54 //                        |reloc records...|
  55 //                        |----------------|
  56 //    _locs_end ->        |                |
  57 //                        |                |
  58 //                        |    (empty)     |
  59 //                        |                |
  60 //                        |                |
  61 //                        +----------------+
  62 //    _locs_limit ->      |                |
  63 // The _end (resp. _limit) pointer refers to the first
  64 // unused (resp. unallocated) byte.
  65 
  66 // The structure of the CodeBuffer while code is being accumulated:
  67 //
  68 //    _total_start ->    \
  69 //    _consts._start ->             +----------------+
  70 //                                  |                |
  71 //                                  |   Constants    |
  72 //                                  |                |
  73 //    _insts._start ->              |----------------|
  74 //                                  |                |
  75 //                                  |     Code       |
  76 //                                  |                |
  77 //    _stubs._start ->              |----------------|
  78 //                                  |                |
  79 //                                  |    Stubs       | (also handlers for deopt/exception)
  80 //                                  |                |
  81 //                                  +----------------+
  82 //    + _total_size ->              |                |
  83 //
  84 // When the code and relocations are copied to the code cache,
  85 // the empty parts of each section are removed, and everything
  86 // is copied into contiguous locations.
  87 
  88 typedef CodeBuffer::csize_t csize_t;  // file-local definition
  89 
  90 // External buffer, in a predefined CodeBlob.
  91 // Important: The code_start must be taken exactly, and not realigned.
  92 CodeBuffer::CodeBuffer(const CodeBlob* blob) DEBUG_ONLY(: Scrubber(this, sizeof(*this))) {
  93   // Provide code buffer with meaningful name
  94   initialize_misc(blob->name());
  95   initialize(blob->content_begin(), blob->content_size());
  96   DEBUG_ONLY(verify_section_allocation();)
  97 }
  98 
  99 void CodeBuffer::initialize(csize_t code_size, csize_t locs_size) {
 100   MACOS_AARCH64_ONLY(os::thread_wx_enable_write());
 101 
 102   // Always allow for empty slop around each section.
 103   int slop = (int) CodeSection::end_slop();
 104 
 105   assert(SECT_LIMIT == 3, "total_size explicitly lists all section alignments");
 106   int total_size = code_size + _consts.alignment() + _insts.alignment() + _stubs.alignment() + SECT_LIMIT * slop;
 107 
 108   assert(blob() == nullptr, "only once");
 109   set_blob(BufferBlob::create(_name, total_size));
 110   if (blob() == nullptr) {
 111     // The assembler constructor will throw a fatal on an empty CodeBuffer.
 112     return;  // caller must test this
 113   }
 114 
 115   // Set up various pointers into the blob.
 116   initialize(_total_start, _total_size);
 117 
 118   assert((uintptr_t)insts_begin() % CodeEntryAlignment == 0, "instruction start not code entry aligned");
 119 
 120   pd_initialize();
 121 
 122   if (locs_size != 0) {
 123     _insts.initialize_locs(locs_size / sizeof(relocInfo));
 124   }
 125 
 126   DEBUG_ONLY(verify_section_allocation();)
 127 }
 128 
 129 
 130 CodeBuffer::~CodeBuffer() {
 131   verify_section_allocation();
 132 
 133   // If we allocated our code buffer from the CodeCache via a BufferBlob, and
 134   // it's not permanent, then free the BufferBlob.  The rest of the memory
 135   // will be freed when the ResourceObj is released.
 136   for (CodeBuffer* cb = this; cb != nullptr; cb = cb->before_expand()) {
 137     // Previous incarnations of this buffer are held live, so that internal
 138     // addresses constructed before expansions will not be confused.
 139     cb->free_blob();
 140   }
 141   if (_overflow_arena != nullptr) {
 142     // free any overflow storage
 143     delete _overflow_arena;
 144   }
 145   if (_shared_trampoline_requests != nullptr) {
 146     delete _shared_trampoline_requests;
 147   }
 148 
 149   NOT_PRODUCT(clear_strings());
 150 }
 151 
 152 void CodeBuffer::initialize_oop_recorder(OopRecorder* r) {
 153   assert(_oop_recorder == &_default_oop_recorder && _default_oop_recorder.is_unused(), "do this once");
 154   DEBUG_ONLY(_default_oop_recorder.freeze());  // force unused OR to be frozen
 155   _oop_recorder = r;
 156 }
 157 
 158 void CodeBuffer::initialize_section_size(CodeSection* cs, csize_t size) {
 159   assert(cs != &_insts, "insts is the memory provider, not the consumer");
 160   csize_t slop = CodeSection::end_slop();  // margin between sections
 161   int align = cs->alignment();
 162   assert(is_power_of_2(align), "sanity");
 163   address start  = _insts._start;
 164   address limit  = _insts._limit;
 165   address middle = limit - size;
 166   middle -= (intptr_t)middle & (align-1);  // align the division point downward
 167   guarantee(middle - slop > start, "need enough space to divide up");
 168   _insts._limit = middle - slop;  // subtract desired space, plus slop
 169   cs->initialize(middle, limit - middle);
 170   assert(cs->start() == middle, "sanity");
 171   assert(cs->limit() == limit,  "sanity");
 172   // give it some relocations to start with, if the main section has them
 173   if (_insts.has_locs())  cs->initialize_locs(1);
 174 }
 175 
 176 void CodeBuffer::set_blob(BufferBlob* blob) {
 177   _blob = blob;
 178   if (blob != nullptr) {
 179     address start = blob->content_begin();
 180     address end   = blob->content_end();
 181     // Round up the starting address.
 182     int align = _insts.alignment();
 183     start += (-(intptr_t)start) & (align-1);
 184     _total_start = start;
 185     _total_size  = end - start;
 186   } else {
 187 #ifdef ASSERT
 188     // Clean out dangling pointers.
 189     _total_start    = badAddress;
 190     _consts._start  = _consts._end  = badAddress;
 191     _insts._start   = _insts._end   = badAddress;
 192     _stubs._start   = _stubs._end   = badAddress;
 193 #endif //ASSERT
 194   }
 195 }
 196 
 197 void CodeBuffer::free_blob() {
 198   if (_blob != nullptr) {
 199     BufferBlob::free(_blob);
 200     set_blob(nullptr);
 201   }
 202 }
 203 
 204 const char* CodeBuffer::code_section_name(int n) {
 205 #ifdef PRODUCT
 206   return nullptr;
 207 #else //PRODUCT
 208   switch (n) {
 209   case SECT_CONSTS:            return "consts";
 210   case SECT_INSTS:             return "insts";
 211   case SECT_STUBS:             return "stubs";
 212   default:                     return nullptr;
 213   }
 214 #endif //PRODUCT
 215 }
 216 
 217 int CodeBuffer::section_index_of(address addr) const {
 218   for (int n = 0; n < (int)SECT_LIMIT; n++) {
 219     const CodeSection* cs = code_section(n);
 220     if (cs->allocates(addr))  return n;
 221   }
 222   return SECT_NONE;
 223 }
 224 
 225 int CodeBuffer::locator(address addr) const {
 226   for (int n = 0; n < (int)SECT_LIMIT; n++) {
 227     const CodeSection* cs = code_section(n);
 228     if (cs->allocates(addr)) {
 229       return locator(addr - cs->start(), n);
 230     }
 231   }
 232   return -1;
 233 }
 234 
 235 
 236 bool CodeBuffer::is_backward_branch(Label& L) {
 237   return L.is_bound() && insts_end() <= locator_address(L.loc());
 238 }
 239 
 240 #ifndef PRODUCT
 241 address CodeBuffer::decode_begin() {
 242   address begin = _insts.start();
 243   if (_decode_begin != nullptr && _decode_begin > begin)
 244     begin = _decode_begin;
 245   return begin;
 246 }
 247 #endif // !PRODUCT
 248 
 249 GrowableArray<int>* CodeBuffer::create_patch_overflow() {
 250   if (_overflow_arena == nullptr) {
 251     _overflow_arena = new (mtCode) Arena(mtCode);
 252   }
 253   return new (_overflow_arena) GrowableArray<int>(_overflow_arena, 8, 0, 0);
 254 }
 255 
 256 
 257 // Helper function for managing labels and their target addresses.
 258 // Returns a sensible address, and if it is not the label's final
 259 // address, notes the dependency (at 'branch_pc') on the label.
 260 address CodeSection::target(Label& L, address branch_pc) {
 261   if (L.is_bound()) {
 262     int loc = L.loc();
 263     if (index() == CodeBuffer::locator_sect(loc)) {
 264       return start() + CodeBuffer::locator_pos(loc);
 265     } else {
 266       return outer()->locator_address(loc);
 267     }
 268   } else {
 269     assert(allocates2(branch_pc), "sanity");
 270     address base = start();
 271     int patch_loc = CodeBuffer::locator(branch_pc - base, index());
 272     L.add_patch_at(outer(), patch_loc);
 273 
 274     // Need to return a pc, doesn't matter what it is since it will be
 275     // replaced during resolution later.
 276     // Don't return null or badAddress, since branches shouldn't overflow.
 277     // Don't return base either because that could overflow displacements
 278     // for shorter branches.  It will get checked when bound.
 279     return branch_pc;
 280   }
 281 }
 282 
 283 void CodeSection::relocate(address at, relocInfo::relocType rtype, int format, jint method_index) {
 284   RelocationHolder rh;
 285   switch (rtype) {
 286     case relocInfo::none: return;
 287     case relocInfo::opt_virtual_call_type: {
 288       rh = opt_virtual_call_Relocation::spec(method_index);
 289       break;
 290     }
 291     case relocInfo::static_call_type: {
 292       rh = static_call_Relocation::spec(method_index);
 293       break;
 294     }
 295     case relocInfo::virtual_call_type: {
 296       assert(method_index == 0, "resolved method overriding is not supported");
 297       rh = Relocation::spec_simple(rtype);
 298       break;
 299     }
 300     default: {
 301       rh = Relocation::spec_simple(rtype);
 302       break;
 303     }
 304   }
 305   relocate(at, rh, format);
 306 }
 307 
 308 void CodeSection::relocate(address at, RelocationHolder const& spec, int format) {
 309   // Do not relocate in scratch buffers.
 310   if (scratch_emit()) { return; }
 311   Relocation* reloc = spec.reloc();
 312   relocInfo::relocType rtype = (relocInfo::relocType) reloc->type();
 313   if (rtype == relocInfo::none)  return;
 314 
 315   // The assertion below has been adjusted, to also work for
 316   // relocation for fixup.  Sometimes we want to put relocation
 317   // information for the next instruction, since it will be patched
 318   // with a call.
 319   assert(start() <= at && at <= end()+1,
 320          "cannot relocate data outside code boundaries");
 321 
 322   if (!has_locs()) {
 323     // no space for relocation information provided => code cannot be
 324     // relocated.  Make sure that relocate is only called with rtypes
 325     // that can be ignored for this kind of code.
 326     assert(rtype == relocInfo::none              ||
 327            rtype == relocInfo::runtime_call_type ||
 328            rtype == relocInfo::internal_word_type||
 329            rtype == relocInfo::section_word_type ||
 330            rtype == relocInfo::external_word_type||
 331            rtype == relocInfo::barrier_type,
 332            "code needs relocation information");
 333     // leave behind an indication that we attempted a relocation
 334     DEBUG_ONLY(_locs_start = _locs_limit = (relocInfo*)badAddress);
 335     return;
 336   }
 337 
 338   // Advance the point, noting the offset we'll have to record.
 339   csize_t offset = at - locs_point();
 340   set_locs_point(at);
 341 
 342   // Test for a couple of overflow conditions; maybe expand the buffer.
 343   relocInfo* end = locs_end();
 344   relocInfo* req = end + relocInfo::length_limit;
 345   // Check for (potential) overflow
 346   if (req >= locs_limit() || offset >= relocInfo::offset_limit()) {
 347     req += (uint)offset / (uint)relocInfo::offset_limit();
 348     if (req >= locs_limit()) {
 349       // Allocate or reallocate.
 350       expand_locs(locs_count() + (req - end));
 351       // reload pointer
 352       end = locs_end();
 353     }
 354   }
 355 
 356   // If the offset is giant, emit filler relocs, of type 'none', but
 357   // each carrying the largest possible offset, to advance the locs_point.
 358   while (offset >= relocInfo::offset_limit()) {
 359     assert(end < locs_limit(), "adjust previous paragraph of code");
 360     *end++ = relocInfo::filler_info();
 361     offset -= relocInfo::filler_info().addr_offset();
 362   }
 363 
 364   // If it's a simple reloc with no data, we'll just write (rtype | offset).
 365   (*end) = relocInfo(rtype, offset, format);
 366 
 367   // If it has data, insert the prefix, as (data_prefix_tag | data1), data2.
 368   end->initialize(this, reloc);
 369 }
 370 
 371 void CodeSection::initialize_locs(int locs_capacity) {
 372   assert(_locs_start == nullptr, "only one locs init step, please");
 373   // Apply a priori lower limits to relocation size:
 374   csize_t min_locs = MAX2(size() / 16, (csize_t)4);
 375   if (locs_capacity < min_locs)  locs_capacity = min_locs;
 376   relocInfo* locs_start = NEW_RESOURCE_ARRAY(relocInfo, locs_capacity);
 377   _locs_start    = locs_start;
 378   _locs_end      = locs_start;
 379   _locs_limit    = locs_start + locs_capacity;
 380   _locs_own      = true;
 381 }
 382 
 383 void CodeSection::initialize_shared_locs(relocInfo* buf, int length) {
 384   assert(_locs_start == nullptr, "do this before locs are allocated");
 385   // Internal invariant:  locs buf must be fully aligned.
 386   // See copy_relocations_to() below.
 387   while ((uintptr_t)buf % HeapWordSize != 0 && length > 0) {
 388     ++buf; --length;
 389   }
 390   if (length > 0) {
 391     _locs_start = buf;
 392     _locs_end   = buf;
 393     _locs_limit = buf + length;
 394     _locs_own   = false;
 395   }
 396 }
 397 
 398 void CodeSection::initialize_locs_from(const CodeSection* source_cs) {
 399   int lcount = source_cs->locs_count();
 400   if (lcount != 0) {
 401     initialize_shared_locs(source_cs->locs_start(), lcount);
 402     _locs_end = _locs_limit = _locs_start + lcount;
 403     assert(is_allocated(), "must have copied code already");
 404     set_locs_point(start() + source_cs->locs_point_off());
 405   }
 406   assert(this->locs_count() == source_cs->locs_count(), "sanity");
 407 }
 408 
 409 void CodeSection::expand_locs(int new_capacity) {
 410   if (_locs_start == nullptr) {
 411     initialize_locs(new_capacity);
 412     return;
 413   } else {
 414     int old_count    = locs_count();
 415     int old_capacity = locs_capacity();
 416     if (new_capacity < old_capacity * 2)
 417       new_capacity = old_capacity * 2;
 418     relocInfo* locs_start;
 419     if (_locs_own) {
 420       locs_start = REALLOC_RESOURCE_ARRAY(relocInfo, _locs_start, old_capacity, new_capacity);
 421     } else {
 422       locs_start = NEW_RESOURCE_ARRAY(relocInfo, new_capacity);
 423       Copy::conjoint_jbytes(_locs_start, locs_start, old_capacity * sizeof(relocInfo));
 424       _locs_own = true;
 425     }
 426     _locs_start    = locs_start;
 427     _locs_end      = locs_start + old_count;
 428     _locs_limit    = locs_start + new_capacity;
 429   }
 430 }
 431 
 432 int CodeSection::alignment() const {
 433   if (_index == CodeBuffer::SECT_CONSTS) {
 434     // CodeBuffer controls the alignment of the constants section
 435     return _outer->_const_section_alignment;
 436   }
 437   if (_index == CodeBuffer::SECT_INSTS) {
 438     return (int) CodeEntryAlignment;
 439   }
 440   if (_index == CodeBuffer::SECT_STUBS) {
 441     // CodeBuffer installer expects sections to be HeapWordSize aligned
 442     return HeapWordSize;
 443   }
 444   ShouldNotReachHere();
 445   return 0;
 446 }
 447 
 448 /// Support for emitting the code to its final location.
 449 /// The pattern is the same for all functions.
 450 /// We iterate over all the sections, padding each to alignment.
 451 
 452 csize_t CodeBuffer::total_content_size() const {
 453   csize_t size_so_far = 0;
 454   for (int n = 0; n < (int)SECT_LIMIT; n++) {
 455     const CodeSection* cs = code_section(n);
 456     if (cs->is_empty())  continue;  // skip trivial section
 457     size_so_far = cs->align_at_start(size_so_far);
 458     size_so_far += cs->size();
 459   }
 460   return size_so_far;
 461 }
 462 
 463 void CodeBuffer::compute_final_layout(CodeBuffer* dest) const {
 464   address buf = dest->_total_start;
 465   csize_t buf_offset = 0;
 466   assert(dest->_total_size >= total_content_size(), "must be big enough");
 467   assert(!_finalize_stubs, "non-finalized stubs");
 468 
 469   {
 470     assert( (dest->_total_start - _insts.start()) % CodeEntryAlignment == 0, "copy must preserve alignment");
 471   }
 472 
 473   const CodeSection* prev_cs      = nullptr;
 474   CodeSection*       prev_dest_cs = nullptr;
 475 
 476   for (int n = (int) SECT_FIRST; n < (int) SECT_LIMIT; n++) {
 477     // figure compact layout of each section
 478     const CodeSection* cs = code_section(n);
 479     csize_t csize = cs->size();
 480 
 481     CodeSection* dest_cs = dest->code_section(n);
 482     if (!cs->is_empty()) {
 483       // Compute initial padding; assign it to the previous non-empty guy.
 484       // Cf. figure_expanded_capacities.
 485       csize_t padding = cs->align_at_start(buf_offset) - buf_offset;
 486       if (prev_dest_cs != nullptr) {
 487         if (padding != 0) {
 488           buf_offset += padding;
 489           prev_dest_cs->_limit += padding;
 490         }
 491       } else {
 492         guarantee(padding == 0, "In first iteration no padding should be needed.");
 493       }
 494       prev_dest_cs = dest_cs;
 495       prev_cs      = cs;
 496     }
 497 
 498     DEBUG_ONLY(dest_cs->_start = nullptr);  // defeat double-initialization assert
 499     dest_cs->initialize(buf+buf_offset, csize);
 500     dest_cs->set_end(buf+buf_offset+csize);
 501     assert(dest_cs->is_allocated(), "must always be allocated");
 502     assert(cs->is_empty() == dest_cs->is_empty(), "sanity");
 503 
 504     buf_offset += csize;
 505   }
 506 
 507   // Done calculating sections; did it come out to the right end?
 508   assert(buf_offset == total_content_size(), "sanity");
 509   DEBUG_ONLY(dest->verify_section_allocation();)
 510 }
 511 
 512 // Append an oop reference that keeps the class alive.
 513 static void append_oop_references(GrowableArray<oop>* oops, Klass* k) {
 514   oop cl = k->klass_holder();
 515   if (cl != nullptr && !oops->contains(cl)) {
 516     oops->append(cl);
 517   }
 518 }
 519 
 520 void CodeBuffer::finalize_oop_references(const methodHandle& mh) {
 521   NoSafepointVerifier nsv;
 522 
 523   GrowableArray<oop> oops;
 524 
 525   // Make sure that immediate metadata records something in the OopRecorder
 526   for (int n = (int) SECT_FIRST; n < (int) SECT_LIMIT; n++) {
 527     // pull code out of each section
 528     CodeSection* cs = code_section(n);
 529     if (cs->is_empty() || (cs->locs_count() == 0)) continue;  // skip trivial section
 530     RelocIterator iter(cs);
 531     while (iter.next()) {
 532       if (iter.type() == relocInfo::metadata_type) {
 533         metadata_Relocation* md = iter.metadata_reloc();
 534         if (md->metadata_is_immediate()) {
 535           Metadata* m = md->metadata_value();
 536           if (oop_recorder()->is_real(m)) {
 537             if (m->is_methodData()) {
 538               m = ((MethodData*)m)->method();
 539             }
 540             if (m->is_methodCounters()) {
 541               m = ((MethodCounters*)m)->method();
 542             }
 543             if (m->is_method()) {
 544               m = ((Method*)m)->method_holder();
 545             }
 546             if (m->is_klass()) {
 547               append_oop_references(&oops, (Klass*)m);
 548             } else {
 549               // XXX This will currently occur for MDO which don't
 550               // have a backpointer.  This has to be fixed later.
 551               m->print();
 552               ShouldNotReachHere();
 553             }
 554           }
 555         }
 556       }
 557     }
 558   }
 559 
 560   if (!oop_recorder()->is_unused()) {
 561     for (int i = 0; i < oop_recorder()->metadata_count(); i++) {
 562       Metadata* m = oop_recorder()->metadata_at(i);
 563       if (oop_recorder()->is_real(m)) {
 564         if (m->is_methodData()) {
 565           m = ((MethodData*)m)->method();
 566         }
 567         if (m->is_methodCounters()) {
 568           m = ((MethodCounters*)m)->method();
 569         }
 570         if (m->is_method()) {
 571           m = ((Method*)m)->method_holder();
 572         }
 573         if (m->is_klass()) {
 574           append_oop_references(&oops, (Klass*)m);
 575         } else {
 576           m->print();
 577           ShouldNotReachHere();
 578         }
 579       }
 580     }
 581 
 582   }
 583 
 584   // Add the class loader of Method* for the nmethod itself
 585   append_oop_references(&oops, mh->method_holder());
 586 
 587   // Add any oops that we've found
 588   Thread* thread = Thread::current();
 589   for (int i = 0; i < oops.length(); i++) {
 590     oop_recorder()->find_index((jobject)thread->handle_area()->allocate_handle(oops.at(i)));
 591   }
 592 }
 593 
 594 
 595 
 596 csize_t CodeBuffer::total_offset_of(const CodeSection* cs) const {
 597   csize_t size_so_far = 0;
 598   for (int n = (int) SECT_FIRST; n < (int) SECT_LIMIT; n++) {
 599     const CodeSection* cur_cs = code_section(n);
 600     if (!cur_cs->is_empty()) {
 601       size_so_far = cur_cs->align_at_start(size_so_far);
 602     }
 603     if (cur_cs->index() == cs->index()) {
 604       return size_so_far;
 605     }
 606     size_so_far += cur_cs->size();
 607   }
 608   ShouldNotReachHere();
 609   return -1;
 610 }
 611 
 612 int CodeBuffer::total_skipped_instructions_size() const {
 613   int total_skipped_size = 0;
 614   for (int n = (int) SECT_FIRST; n < (int) SECT_LIMIT; n++) {
 615     const CodeSection* cur_cs = code_section(n);
 616     if (!cur_cs->is_empty()) {
 617       total_skipped_size += cur_cs->_skipped_instructions_size;
 618     }
 619   }
 620   return total_skipped_size;
 621 }
 622 
 623 csize_t CodeBuffer::total_relocation_size() const {
 624   csize_t total = copy_relocations_to(nullptr);  // dry run only
 625   return (csize_t) align_up(total, HeapWordSize);
 626 }
 627 
 628 csize_t CodeBuffer::copy_relocations_to(address buf, csize_t buf_limit) const {
 629   csize_t buf_offset = 0;
 630   csize_t code_end_so_far = 0;
 631   csize_t code_point_so_far = 0;
 632 
 633   assert((uintptr_t)buf % HeapWordSize == 0, "buf must be fully aligned");
 634   assert(buf_limit % HeapWordSize == 0, "buf must be evenly sized");
 635 
 636   for (int n = (int) SECT_FIRST; n < (int)SECT_LIMIT; n++) {
 637     // pull relocs out of each section
 638     const CodeSection* cs = code_section(n);
 639     assert(!(cs->is_empty() && cs->locs_count() > 0), "sanity");
 640     if (cs->is_empty())  continue;  // skip trivial section
 641     relocInfo* lstart = cs->locs_start();
 642     relocInfo* lend   = cs->locs_end();
 643     csize_t    lsize  = (csize_t)( (address)lend - (address)lstart );
 644     csize_t    csize  = cs->size();
 645     code_end_so_far = cs->align_at_start(code_end_so_far);
 646 
 647     if (lsize > 0) {
 648       // Figure out how to advance the combined relocation point
 649       // first to the beginning of this section.
 650       // We'll insert one or more filler relocs to span that gap.
 651       // (Don't bother to improve this by editing the first reloc's offset.)
 652       csize_t new_code_point = code_end_so_far;
 653       for (csize_t jump;
 654            code_point_so_far < new_code_point;
 655            code_point_so_far += jump) {
 656         jump = new_code_point - code_point_so_far;
 657         relocInfo filler = relocInfo::filler_info();
 658         if (jump >= filler.addr_offset()) {
 659           jump = filler.addr_offset();
 660         } else {  // else shrink the filler to fit
 661           filler = relocInfo(relocInfo::none, jump);
 662         }
 663         if (buf != nullptr) {
 664           assert(buf_offset + (csize_t)sizeof(filler) <= buf_limit, "filler in bounds");
 665           *(relocInfo*)(buf+buf_offset) = filler;
 666         }
 667         buf_offset += sizeof(filler);
 668       }
 669 
 670       // Update code point and end to skip past this section:
 671       csize_t last_code_point = code_end_so_far + cs->locs_point_off();
 672       assert(code_point_so_far <= last_code_point, "sanity");
 673       code_point_so_far = last_code_point; // advance past this guy's relocs
 674     }
 675     code_end_so_far += csize;  // advance past this guy's instructions too
 676 
 677     // Done with filler; emit the real relocations:
 678     if (buf != nullptr && lsize != 0) {
 679       assert(buf_offset + lsize <= buf_limit, "target in bounds");
 680       assert((uintptr_t)lstart % HeapWordSize == 0, "sane start");
 681       if (buf_offset % HeapWordSize == 0) {
 682         // Use wordwise copies if possible:
 683         Copy::disjoint_words((HeapWord*)lstart,
 684                              (HeapWord*)(buf+buf_offset),
 685                              (lsize + HeapWordSize-1) / HeapWordSize);
 686       } else {
 687         Copy::conjoint_jbytes(lstart, buf+buf_offset, lsize);
 688       }
 689     }
 690     buf_offset += lsize;
 691   }
 692 
 693   // Align end of relocation info in target.
 694   while (buf_offset % HeapWordSize != 0) {
 695     if (buf != nullptr) {
 696       relocInfo padding = relocInfo(relocInfo::none, 0);
 697       assert(buf_offset + (csize_t)sizeof(padding) <= buf_limit, "padding in bounds");
 698       *(relocInfo*)(buf+buf_offset) = padding;
 699     }
 700     buf_offset += sizeof(relocInfo);
 701   }
 702 
 703   assert(code_end_so_far == total_content_size(), "sanity");
 704 
 705   return buf_offset;
 706 }
 707 
 708 csize_t CodeBuffer::copy_relocations_to(CodeBlob* dest) const {
 709   address buf = nullptr;
 710   csize_t buf_offset = 0;
 711   csize_t buf_limit = 0;
 712 
 713   if (dest != nullptr) {
 714     buf = (address)dest->relocation_begin();
 715     buf_limit = (address)dest->relocation_end() - buf;
 716   }
 717   // if dest is null, this is just the sizing pass
 718   //
 719   buf_offset = copy_relocations_to(buf, buf_limit);
 720 
 721   return buf_offset;
 722 }
 723 
 724 void CodeBuffer::copy_code_to(CodeBlob* dest_blob) {
 725 #ifndef PRODUCT
 726   if (PrintNMethods && (WizardMode || Verbose)) {
 727     tty->print("done with CodeBuffer:");
 728     ((CodeBuffer*)this)->print_on(tty);
 729   }
 730 #endif //PRODUCT
 731 
 732   CodeBuffer dest(dest_blob);
 733   assert(dest_blob->content_size() >= total_content_size(), "good sizing");
 734   this->compute_final_layout(&dest);
 735 
 736   // Set beginning of constant table before relocating.
 737   dest_blob->set_ctable_begin(dest.consts()->start());
 738 
 739   relocate_code_to(&dest);
 740 
 741   // Share assembly remarks and debug strings with the blob.
 742   NOT_PRODUCT(dest_blob->use_remarks(_asm_remarks));
 743   NOT_PRODUCT(dest_blob->use_strings(_dbg_strings));
 744 
 745   // Done moving code bytes; were they the right size?
 746   assert((int)align_up(dest.total_content_size(), oopSize) == dest_blob->content_size(), "sanity");
 747 }
 748 
 749 // Move all my code into another code buffer.  Consult applicable
 750 // relocs to repair embedded addresses.  The layout in the destination
 751 // CodeBuffer is different to the source CodeBuffer: the destination
 752 // CodeBuffer gets the final layout (consts, insts, stubs in order of
 753 // ascending address).
 754 void CodeBuffer::relocate_code_to(CodeBuffer* dest) const {
 755   address dest_end = dest->_total_start + dest->_total_size;
 756   address dest_filled = nullptr;
 757   for (int n = (int) SECT_FIRST; n < (int) SECT_LIMIT; n++) {
 758     // pull code out of each section
 759     const CodeSection* cs = code_section(n);
 760     if (cs->is_empty())  continue;  // skip trivial section
 761     CodeSection* dest_cs = dest->code_section(n);
 762     assert(cs->size() == dest_cs->size(), "sanity");
 763     csize_t usize = dest_cs->size();
 764     csize_t wsize = align_up(usize, HeapWordSize);
 765     assert(dest_cs->start() + wsize <= dest_end, "no overflow");
 766     // Copy the code as aligned machine words.
 767     // This may also include an uninitialized partial word at the end.
 768     Copy::disjoint_words((HeapWord*)cs->start(),
 769                          (HeapWord*)dest_cs->start(),
 770                          wsize / HeapWordSize);
 771 
 772     if (dest->blob() == nullptr) {
 773       // Destination is a final resting place, not just another buffer.
 774       // Normalize uninitialized bytes in the final padding.
 775       Copy::fill_to_bytes(dest_cs->end(), dest_cs->remaining(),
 776                           Assembler::code_fill_byte());
 777     }
 778     // Keep track of the highest filled address
 779     dest_filled = MAX2(dest_filled, dest_cs->end() + dest_cs->remaining());
 780 
 781     assert(cs->locs_start() != (relocInfo*)badAddress,
 782            "this section carries no reloc storage, but reloc was attempted");
 783 
 784     // Make the new code copy use the old copy's relocations:
 785     dest_cs->initialize_locs_from(cs);
 786   }
 787 
 788   // Do relocation after all sections are copied.
 789   // This is necessary if the code uses constants in stubs, which are
 790   // relocated when the corresponding instruction in the code (e.g., a
 791   // call) is relocated. Stubs are placed behind the main code
 792   // section, so that section has to be copied before relocating.
 793   for (int n = (int) SECT_FIRST; n < (int)SECT_LIMIT; n++) {
 794     CodeSection* dest_cs = dest->code_section(n);
 795     if (dest_cs->is_empty() || (dest_cs->locs_count() == 0)) continue;  // skip trivial section
 796     { // Repair the pc relative information in the code after the move
 797       RelocIterator iter(dest_cs);
 798       while (iter.next()) {
 799         iter.reloc()->fix_relocation_after_move(this, dest);
 800       }
 801     }
 802   }
 803 
 804   if (dest->blob() == nullptr && dest_filled != nullptr) {
 805     // Destination is a final resting place, not just another buffer.
 806     // Normalize uninitialized bytes in the final padding.
 807     Copy::fill_to_bytes(dest_filled, dest_end - dest_filled,
 808                         Assembler::code_fill_byte());
 809 
 810   }
 811 }
 812 
 813 csize_t CodeBuffer::figure_expanded_capacities(CodeSection* which_cs,
 814                                                csize_t amount,
 815                                                csize_t* new_capacity) {
 816   csize_t new_total_cap = 0;
 817 
 818   for (int n = (int) SECT_FIRST; n < (int) SECT_LIMIT; n++) {
 819     const CodeSection* sect = code_section(n);
 820 
 821     if (!sect->is_empty()) {
 822       // Compute initial padding; assign it to the previous section,
 823       // even if it's empty (e.g. consts section can be empty).
 824       // Cf. compute_final_layout
 825       csize_t padding = sect->align_at_start(new_total_cap) - new_total_cap;
 826       if (padding != 0) {
 827         new_total_cap += padding;
 828         assert(n - 1 >= SECT_FIRST, "sanity");
 829         new_capacity[n - 1] += padding;
 830       }
 831     }
 832 
 833     csize_t exp = sect->size();  // 100% increase
 834     if ((uint)exp < 4*K)  exp = 4*K;       // minimum initial increase
 835     if (sect == which_cs) {
 836       if (exp < amount)  exp = amount;
 837       if (StressCodeBuffers)  exp = amount;  // expand only slightly
 838     } else if (n == SECT_INSTS) {
 839       // scale down inst increases to a more modest 25%
 840       exp = 4*K + ((exp - 4*K) >> 2);
 841       if (StressCodeBuffers)  exp = amount / 2;  // expand only slightly
 842     } else if (sect->is_empty()) {
 843       // do not grow an empty secondary section
 844       exp = 0;
 845     }
 846     // Allow for inter-section slop:
 847     exp += CodeSection::end_slop();
 848     csize_t new_cap = sect->size() + exp;
 849     if (new_cap < sect->capacity()) {
 850       // No need to expand after all.
 851       new_cap = sect->capacity();
 852     }
 853     new_capacity[n] = new_cap;
 854     new_total_cap += new_cap;
 855   }
 856 
 857   return new_total_cap;
 858 }
 859 
 860 void CodeBuffer::expand(CodeSection* which_cs, csize_t amount) {
 861 #ifndef PRODUCT
 862   if (PrintNMethods && (WizardMode || Verbose)) {
 863     tty->print("expanding CodeBuffer:");
 864     this->print_on(tty);
 865   }
 866 
 867   if (StressCodeBuffers && blob() != nullptr) {
 868     static int expand_count = 0;
 869     if (expand_count >= 0)  expand_count += 1;
 870     if (expand_count > 100 && is_power_of_2(expand_count)) {
 871       tty->print_cr("StressCodeBuffers: have expanded %d times", expand_count);
 872       // simulate an occasional allocation failure:
 873       free_blob();
 874     }
 875   }
 876 #endif //PRODUCT
 877 
 878   // Resizing must be allowed
 879   {
 880     if (blob() == nullptr)  return;  // caller must check if blob is null
 881   }
 882 
 883   // Figure new capacity for each section.
 884   csize_t new_capacity[SECT_LIMIT];
 885   memset(new_capacity, 0, sizeof(csize_t) * SECT_LIMIT);
 886   csize_t new_total_cap
 887     = figure_expanded_capacities(which_cs, amount, new_capacity);
 888 
 889   // Create a new (temporary) code buffer to hold all the new data
 890   CodeBuffer cb(name(), new_total_cap, 0);
 891   cb.set_const_section_alignment(_const_section_alignment);
 892   if (cb.blob() == nullptr) {
 893     // Failed to allocate in code cache.
 894     free_blob();
 895     return;
 896   }
 897 
 898   // Create an old code buffer to remember which addresses used to go where.
 899   // This will be useful when we do final assembly into the code cache,
 900   // because we will need to know how to warp any internal address that
 901   // has been created at any time in this CodeBuffer's past.
 902   CodeBuffer* bxp = new CodeBuffer(_total_start, _total_size);
 903   bxp->take_over_code_from(this);  // remember the old undersized blob
 904   DEBUG_ONLY(this->_blob = nullptr);  // silence a later assert
 905   bxp->_before_expand = this->_before_expand;
 906   this->_before_expand = bxp;
 907 
 908   // Give each section its required (expanded) capacity.
 909   for (int n = (int)SECT_LIMIT-1; n >= SECT_FIRST; n--) {
 910     CodeSection* cb_sect   = cb.code_section(n);
 911     CodeSection* this_sect = code_section(n);
 912     if (new_capacity[n] == 0)  continue;  // already nulled out
 913     if (n != SECT_INSTS) {
 914       cb.initialize_section_size(cb_sect, new_capacity[n]);
 915     }
 916     assert(cb_sect->capacity() >= new_capacity[n], "big enough");
 917     address cb_start = cb_sect->start();
 918     cb_sect->set_end(cb_start + this_sect->size());
 919     cb_sect->_skipped_instructions_size = this_sect->_skipped_instructions_size; // FIXME: Upstream this.
 920     if (this_sect->mark() == nullptr) {
 921       cb_sect->clear_mark();
 922     } else {
 923       cb_sect->set_mark(cb_start + this_sect->mark_off());
 924     }
 925   }
 926 
 927   // Needs to be initialized when calling fix_relocation_after_move.
 928   cb.blob()->set_ctable_begin(cb.consts()->start());
 929 
 930   // Move all the code and relocations to the new blob:
 931   relocate_code_to(&cb);
 932 
 933   // some internal addresses, _last_insn _last_label, are used during code emission,
 934   // adjust them in expansion
 935   adjust_internal_address(insts_begin(), cb.insts_begin());
 936 
 937   // Copy the temporary code buffer into the current code buffer.
 938   // Basically, do {*this = cb}, except for some control information.
 939   this->take_over_code_from(&cb);
 940   cb.set_blob(nullptr);
 941 
 942   // Zap the old code buffer contents, to avoid mistakenly using them.
 943   DEBUG_ONLY(Copy::fill_to_bytes(bxp->_total_start, bxp->_total_size,
 944                                  badCodeHeapFreeVal);)
 945 
 946   // Make certain that the new sections are all snugly inside the new blob.
 947   DEBUG_ONLY(verify_section_allocation();)
 948 
 949 #ifndef PRODUCT
 950   _decode_begin = nullptr;  // sanity
 951   if (PrintNMethods && (WizardMode || Verbose)) {
 952     tty->print("expanded CodeBuffer:");
 953     this->print_on(tty);
 954   }
 955 #endif //PRODUCT
 956 }
 957 
 958 void CodeBuffer::adjust_internal_address(address from, address to) {
 959   if (_last_insn != nullptr) {
 960     _last_insn += to - from;
 961   }
 962   if (_last_label != nullptr) {
 963     _last_label += to - from;
 964   }
 965 }
 966 
 967 void CodeBuffer::take_over_code_from(CodeBuffer* cb) {
 968   // Must already have disposed of the old blob somehow.
 969   assert(blob() == nullptr, "must be empty");
 970   // Take the new blob away from cb.
 971   set_blob(cb->blob());
 972   // Take over all the section pointers.
 973   for (int n = 0; n < (int)SECT_LIMIT; n++) {
 974     CodeSection* cb_sect   = cb->code_section(n);
 975     CodeSection* this_sect = code_section(n);
 976     this_sect->take_over_code_from(cb_sect);
 977   }
 978   // Make sure the old cb won't try to use it or free it.
 979   DEBUG_ONLY(cb->_blob = (BufferBlob*)badAddress);
 980 }
 981 
 982 void CodeBuffer::verify_section_allocation() {
 983   address tstart = _total_start;
 984   if (tstart == nullptr) return;  // ignore not fully initialized buffer
 985   if (tstart == badAddress)  return;  // smashed by set_blob(nullptr)
 986   address tend   = tstart + _total_size;
 987   if (_blob != nullptr) {
 988     guarantee(tstart >= _blob->content_begin(), "sanity");
 989     guarantee(tend   <= _blob->content_end(),   "sanity");
 990   }
 991   // Verify disjointness.
 992   for (int n = (int) SECT_FIRST; n < (int) SECT_LIMIT; n++) {
 993     CodeSection* sect = code_section(n);
 994     if (!sect->is_allocated() || sect->is_empty()) {
 995       continue;
 996     }
 997     guarantee(_blob == nullptr || is_aligned(sect->start(), sect->alignment()),
 998            "start is aligned");
 999     for (int m = n + 1; m < (int) SECT_LIMIT; m++) {
1000       CodeSection* other = code_section(m);
1001       if (!other->is_allocated() || other == sect) {
1002         continue;
1003       }
1004       guarantee(other->disjoint(sect), "sanity");
1005     }
1006     guarantee(sect->end() <= tend, "sanity");
1007     guarantee(sect->end() <= sect->limit(), "sanity");
1008   }
1009 }
1010 
1011 void CodeBuffer::log_section_sizes(const char* name) {
1012   if (xtty != nullptr) {
1013     ttyLocker ttyl;
1014     // log info about buffer usage
1015     xtty->print_cr("<blob name='%s' total_size='%d'>", name, _total_size);
1016     for (int n = (int) CodeBuffer::SECT_FIRST; n < (int) CodeBuffer::SECT_LIMIT; n++) {
1017       CodeSection* sect = code_section(n);
1018       if (!sect->is_allocated() || sect->is_empty())  continue;
1019       xtty->print_cr("<sect index='%d' capacity='%d' size='%d' remaining='%d'/>",
1020                      n, sect->capacity(), sect->size(), sect->remaining());
1021     }
1022     xtty->print_cr("</blob>");
1023   }
1024 }
1025 
1026 bool CodeBuffer::finalize_stubs() {
1027   if (_finalize_stubs && !pd_finalize_stubs()) {
1028     // stub allocation failure
1029     return false;
1030   }
1031   _finalize_stubs = false;
1032   return true;
1033 }
1034 
1035 void CodeBuffer::shared_stub_to_interp_for(ciMethod* callee, csize_t call_offset) {
1036   if (_shared_stub_to_interp_requests == nullptr) {
1037     _shared_stub_to_interp_requests = new SharedStubToInterpRequests(8);
1038   }
1039   SharedStubToInterpRequest request(callee, call_offset);
1040   _shared_stub_to_interp_requests->push(request);
1041   _finalize_stubs = true;
1042 }
1043 
1044 #ifndef PRODUCT
1045 void CodeBuffer::block_comment(ptrdiff_t offset, const char* comment) {
1046   if (insts()->scratch_emit()) {
1047     return;
1048   }
1049   if (_collect_comments) {
1050     const char* str = _asm_remarks.insert(offset, comment);
1051     postcond(str != comment);
1052   }
1053 }
1054 
1055 const char* CodeBuffer::code_string(const char* str) {
1056   if (insts()->scratch_emit()) {
1057     return str;
1058   }
1059   const char* tmp = _dbg_strings.insert(str);
1060   postcond(tmp != str);
1061   return tmp;
1062 }
1063 
1064 void CodeBuffer::decode() {
1065   ttyLocker ttyl;
1066   Disassembler::decode(decode_begin(), insts_end(), tty NOT_PRODUCT(COMMA &asm_remarks()));
1067   _decode_begin = insts_end();
1068 }
1069 
1070 void CodeSection::print_on(outputStream* st, const char* name) {
1071   csize_t locs_size = locs_end() - locs_start();
1072   st->print_cr(" %7s.code = " PTR_FORMAT " : " PTR_FORMAT " : " PTR_FORMAT " (%d of %d)",
1073                 name, p2i(start()), p2i(end()), p2i(limit()), size(), capacity());
1074   st->print_cr(" %7s.locs = " PTR_FORMAT " : " PTR_FORMAT " : " PTR_FORMAT " (%d of %d) point=%d",
1075                 name, p2i(locs_start()), p2i(locs_end()), p2i(locs_limit()), locs_size, locs_capacity(), locs_point_off());
1076   if (PrintRelocations && (locs_size != 0)) {
1077     RelocIterator iter(this);
1078     iter.print_on(st);
1079   }
1080 }
1081 
1082 void CodeBuffer::print_on(outputStream* st) {
1083   st->print_cr("CodeBuffer:%s", name());
1084   for (int n = 0; n < (int)SECT_LIMIT; n++) {
1085     // print each section
1086     CodeSection* cs = code_section(n);
1087     cs->print_on(st, code_section_name(n));
1088   }
1089 }
1090 
1091 CHeapString::~CHeapString() {
1092   os::free((void*)_string);
1093   _string = nullptr;
1094 }
1095 
1096 // ----- AsmRemarks ------------------------------------------------------------
1097 //
1098 // Acting as interface to reference counted mapping [offset -> remark], where
1099 // offset is a byte offset into an instruction stream (CodeBuffer, CodeBlob or
1100 // other memory buffer) and remark is a string (comment).
1101 //
1102 AsmRemarks::AsmRemarks() {
1103   init();
1104   assert(_remarks != nullptr, "Allocation failure!");
1105 }
1106 
1107 AsmRemarks::~AsmRemarks() {
1108   assert(_remarks == nullptr, "Must 'clear()' before deleting!");
1109 }
1110 
1111 void AsmRemarks::init() {
1112   _remarks = new AsmRemarkCollection();
1113 }
1114 
1115 const char* AsmRemarks::insert(uint offset, const char* remstr) {
1116   precond(remstr != nullptr);
1117   return _remarks->insert(offset, remstr);
1118 }
1119 
1120 bool AsmRemarks::is_empty() const {
1121   return _remarks->is_empty();
1122 }
1123 
1124 void AsmRemarks::share(const AsmRemarks &src) {
1125   precond(_remarks == nullptr || is_empty());
1126   clear();
1127   _remarks = src._remarks->reuse();
1128 }
1129 
1130 void AsmRemarks::clear() {
1131   if (_remarks != nullptr && _remarks->clear() == 0) {
1132     delete _remarks;
1133   }
1134   _remarks = nullptr;
1135 }
1136 
1137 uint AsmRemarks::print(uint offset, outputStream* strm) const {
1138   uint count = 0;
1139   const char* prefix = " ;; ";
1140   const char* remstr = _remarks->lookup(offset);
1141   while (remstr != nullptr) {
1142     strm->bol();
1143     strm->print("%s", prefix);
1144     // Don't interpret as format strings since it could contain '%'.
1145     strm->print_raw(remstr);
1146     // Advance to next line iff string didn't contain a cr() at the end.
1147     strm->bol();
1148     remstr = _remarks->next(offset);
1149     count++;
1150   }
1151   return count;
1152 }
1153 
1154 // ----- DbgStrings ------------------------------------------------------------
1155 //
1156 // Acting as interface to reference counted collection of (debug) strings used
1157 // in the code generated, and thus requiring a fixed address.
1158 //
1159 DbgStrings::DbgStrings() {
1160   init();
1161   assert(_strings != nullptr, "Allocation failure!");
1162 }
1163 
1164 DbgStrings::~DbgStrings() {
1165   assert(_strings == nullptr, "Must 'clear()' before deleting!");
1166 }
1167 
1168 void DbgStrings::init() {
1169   _strings = new DbgStringCollection();
1170 }
1171 
1172 const char* DbgStrings::insert(const char* dbgstr) {
1173   const char* str = _strings->lookup(dbgstr);
1174   return str != nullptr ? str : _strings->insert(dbgstr);
1175 }
1176 
1177 bool DbgStrings::is_empty() const {
1178   return _strings->is_empty();
1179 }
1180 
1181 void DbgStrings::share(const DbgStrings &src) {
1182   precond(_strings == nullptr || is_empty());
1183   clear();
1184   _strings = src._strings->reuse();
1185 }
1186 
1187 void DbgStrings::clear() {
1188   if (_strings != nullptr && _strings->clear() == 0) {
1189     delete _strings;
1190   }
1191   _strings = nullptr;
1192 }
1193 
1194 // ----- AsmRemarkCollection ---------------------------------------------------
1195 
1196 const char* AsmRemarkCollection::insert(uint offset, const char* remstr) {
1197   precond(remstr != nullptr);
1198   Cell* cell = new Cell { remstr, offset };
1199   if (is_empty()) {
1200     cell->prev = cell;
1201     cell->next = cell;
1202     _remarks = cell;
1203   } else {
1204     _remarks->push_back(cell);
1205   }
1206   return cell->string();
1207 }
1208 
1209 const char* AsmRemarkCollection::lookup(uint offset) const {
1210   _next = _remarks;
1211   return next(offset);
1212 }
1213 
1214 const char* AsmRemarkCollection::next(uint offset) const {
1215   if (_next != nullptr) {
1216     Cell* i = _next;
1217     do {
1218       if (i->offset == offset) {
1219         _next = i->next == _remarks ? nullptr : i->next;
1220         return i->string();
1221       }
1222       i = i->next;
1223     } while (i != _remarks);
1224     _next = nullptr;
1225   }
1226   return nullptr;
1227 }
1228 
1229 uint AsmRemarkCollection::clear() {
1230   precond(_ref_cnt > 0);
1231   if (--_ref_cnt > 0) {
1232     return _ref_cnt;
1233   }
1234   if (!is_empty()) {
1235     uint count = 0;
1236     Cell* i = _remarks;
1237     do {
1238       Cell* next = i->next;
1239       delete i;
1240       i = next;
1241       count++;
1242     } while (i != _remarks);
1243 
1244     log_debug(codestrings)("Clear %u asm-remark%s.", count, count == 1 ? "" : "s");
1245     _remarks = nullptr;
1246   }
1247   return 0; // i.e. _ref_cnt == 0
1248 }
1249 
1250 // ----- DbgStringCollection ---------------------------------------------------
1251 
1252 const char* DbgStringCollection::insert(const char* dbgstr) {
1253   precond(dbgstr != nullptr);
1254   Cell* cell = new Cell { dbgstr };
1255 
1256   if (is_empty()) {
1257      cell->prev = cell;
1258      cell->next = cell;
1259      _strings = cell;
1260   } else {
1261     _strings->push_back(cell);
1262   }
1263   return cell->string();
1264 }
1265 
1266 const char* DbgStringCollection::lookup(const char* dbgstr) const {
1267   precond(dbgstr != nullptr);
1268   if (_strings != nullptr) {
1269     Cell* i = _strings;
1270     do {
1271       if (strcmp(i->string(), dbgstr) == 0) {
1272         return i->string();
1273       }
1274       i = i->next;
1275     } while (i != _strings);
1276   }
1277   return nullptr;
1278 }
1279 
1280 uint DbgStringCollection::clear() {
1281   precond(_ref_cnt > 0);
1282   if (--_ref_cnt > 0) {
1283     return _ref_cnt;
1284   }
1285   if (!is_empty()) {
1286     uint count = 0;
1287     Cell* i = _strings;
1288     do {
1289       Cell* next = i->next;
1290       delete i;
1291       i = next;
1292       count++;
1293     } while (i != _strings);
1294 
1295     log_debug(codestrings)("Clear %u dbg-string%s.", count, count == 1 ? "" : "s");
1296     _strings = nullptr;
1297   }
1298   return 0; // i.e. _ref_cnt == 0
1299 }
1300 
1301 #endif // not PRODUCT