1 /*
   2  * Copyright (c) 2012, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
   3  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
   4  *
   5  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
   6  * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
   7  * published by the Free Software Foundation.
   8  *
   9  * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
  10  * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
  11  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
  12  * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
  13  * accompanied this code).
  14  *
  15  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
  16  * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
  17  * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
  18  *
  19  * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
  20  * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
  21  * questions.
  22  *
  23  */
  24 
  25 #include "cds/aotArtifactFinder.hpp"
  26 #include "cds/aotClassInitializer.hpp"
  27 #include "cds/aotClassLinker.hpp"
  28 #include "cds/aotClassLocation.hpp"
  29 #include "cds/aotConstantPoolResolver.hpp"
  30 #include "cds/aotLinkedClassBulkLoader.hpp"
  31 #include "cds/aotLogging.hpp"
  32 #include "cds/aotMapLogger.hpp"
  33 #include "cds/aotMappedHeapLoader.hpp"
  34 #include "cds/aotMetaspace.hpp"
  35 #include "cds/aotReferenceObjSupport.hpp"
  36 #include "cds/archiveBuilder.hpp"
  37 #include "cds/cds_globals.hpp"
  38 #include "cds/cdsConfig.hpp"
  39 #include "cds/cdsProtectionDomain.hpp"
  40 #include "cds/classListParser.hpp"
  41 #include "cds/classListWriter.hpp"
  42 #include "cds/cppVtables.hpp"
  43 #include "cds/dumpAllocStats.hpp"
  44 #include "cds/dynamicArchive.hpp"
  45 #include "cds/filemap.hpp"
  46 #include "cds/finalImageRecipes.hpp"
  47 #include "cds/heapShared.inline.hpp"
  48 #include "cds/lambdaFormInvokers.hpp"
  49 #include "cds/lambdaProxyClassDictionary.hpp"
  50 #include "classfile/classLoaderDataGraph.hpp"
  51 #include "classfile/classLoaderDataShared.hpp"
  52 #include "classfile/javaClasses.inline.hpp"
  53 #include "classfile/loaderConstraints.hpp"
  54 #include "classfile/modules.hpp"
  55 #include "classfile/placeholders.hpp"
  56 #include "classfile/stringTable.hpp"
  57 #include "classfile/symbolTable.hpp"
  58 #include "classfile/systemDictionary.hpp"
  59 #include "classfile/systemDictionaryShared.hpp"
  60 #include "classfile/vmClasses.hpp"
  61 #include "classfile/vmSymbols.hpp"
  62 #include "code/aotCodeCache.hpp"
  63 #include "code/codeCache.hpp"
  64 #include "gc/shared/gcVMOperations.hpp"
  65 #include "interpreter/bytecodes.hpp"
  66 #include "interpreter/bytecodeStream.hpp"
  67 #include "jvm_io.h"
  68 #include "logging/log.hpp"
  69 #include "logging/logMessage.hpp"
  70 #include "logging/logStream.hpp"
  71 #include "memory/memoryReserver.hpp"
  72 #include "memory/metaspace.hpp"
  73 #include "memory/metaspaceClosure.hpp"
  74 #include "memory/oopFactory.hpp"
  75 #include "memory/resourceArea.hpp"
  76 #include "memory/universe.hpp"
  77 #include "nmt/memTracker.hpp"
  78 #include "oops/compressedKlass.hpp"
  79 #include "oops/constantPool.inline.hpp"
  80 #include "oops/instanceMirrorKlass.hpp"
  81 #include "oops/klass.inline.hpp"
  82 #include "oops/objArrayOop.hpp"
  83 #include "oops/oop.inline.hpp"
  84 #include "oops/oopHandle.hpp"
  85 #include "oops/resolvedFieldEntry.hpp"
  86 #include "oops/trainingData.hpp"
  87 #include "prims/jvmtiExport.hpp"
  88 #include "runtime/arguments.hpp"
  89 #include "runtime/globals.hpp"
  90 #include "runtime/globals_extension.hpp"
  91 #include "runtime/handles.inline.hpp"
  92 #include "runtime/javaCalls.hpp"
  93 #include "runtime/os.inline.hpp"
  94 #include "runtime/safepointVerifiers.hpp"
  95 #include "runtime/sharedRuntime.hpp"
  96 #include "runtime/vmOperations.hpp"
  97 #include "runtime/vmThread.hpp"
  98 #include "sanitizers/leak.hpp"
  99 #include "services/management.hpp"
 100 #include "utilities/align.hpp"
 101 #include "utilities/bitMap.inline.hpp"
 102 #include "utilities/defaultStream.hpp"
 103 #include "utilities/hashTable.hpp"
 104 #include "utilities/macros.hpp"
 105 #include "utilities/ostream.hpp"
 106 
 107 #include <sys/stat.h>
 108 
 109 ReservedSpace AOTMetaspace::_symbol_rs;
 110 VirtualSpace AOTMetaspace::_symbol_vs;
 111 bool AOTMetaspace::_archive_loading_failed = false;
 112 bool AOTMetaspace::_remapped_readwrite = false;
 113 void* AOTMetaspace::_aot_metaspace_static_top = nullptr;
 114 intx AOTMetaspace::_relocation_delta;
 115 char* AOTMetaspace::_requested_base_address;
 116 Array<Method*>* AOTMetaspace::_archived_method_handle_intrinsics = nullptr;
 117 bool AOTMetaspace::_use_optimized_module_handling = true;
 118 int volatile AOTMetaspace::_preimage_static_archive_dumped = 0;
 119 FileMapInfo* AOTMetaspace::_output_mapinfo = nullptr;
 120 
 121 // The CDS archive is divided into the following regions:
 122 //     rw  - read-write metadata
 123 //     ro  - read-only metadata and read-only tables
 124 //     hp  - heap region
 125 //     bm  - bitmap for relocating the above 7 regions.
 126 //
 127 // The rw and ro regions are linearly allocated, in the order of rw->ro.
 128 // These regions are aligned with AOTMetaspace::core_region_alignment().
 129 //
 130 // These 2 regions are populated in the following steps:
 131 // [0] All classes are loaded in AOTMetaspace::load_classes(). All metadata are
 132 //     temporarily allocated outside of the shared regions.
 133 // [1] We enter a safepoint and allocate a buffer for the rw/ro regions.
 134 // [2] C++ vtables are copied into the rw region.
 135 // [3] ArchiveBuilder copies RW metadata into the rw region.
 136 // [4] ArchiveBuilder copies RO metadata into the ro region.
 137 // [5] SymbolTable, StringTable, SystemDictionary, and a few other read-only data
 138 //     are copied into the ro region as read-only tables.
 139 //
 140 // The heap region is written by HeapShared::write_heap().
 141 //
 142 // The bitmap region is used to relocate the ro/rw/hp regions.
 143 
 144 static DumpRegion _symbol_region("symbols");
 145 
 146 char* AOTMetaspace::symbol_space_alloc(size_t num_bytes) {
 147   return _symbol_region.allocate(num_bytes);
 148 }
 149 
 150 // os::vm_allocation_granularity() is usually 4K for most OSes. However, some platforms
 151 // such as linux-aarch64 and macos-x64 ...
 152 // it can be either 4K or 64K and on macos-aarch64 it is 16K. To generate archives that are
 153 // compatible for both settings, an alternative cds core region alignment can be enabled
 154 // at building time:
 155 //   --enable-compactible-cds-alignment
 156 // Upon successful configuration, the compactible alignment then can be defined in:
 157 //   os_linux_aarch64.cpp
 158 //   os_bsd_x86.cpp
 159 size_t AOTMetaspace::core_region_alignment() {
 160   return os::cds_core_region_alignment();
 161 }
 162 
 163 size_t AOTMetaspace::protection_zone_size() {
 164   return os::cds_core_region_alignment();
 165 }
 166 
 167 static bool shared_base_valid(char* shared_base) {
 168   // We check user input for SharedBaseAddress at dump time.
 169 
 170   // At CDS runtime, "shared_base" will be the (attempted) mapping start. It will also
 171   // be the encoding base, since the headers of archived base objects (and with Lilliput,
 172   // the prototype mark words) carry pre-computed narrow Klass IDs that refer to the mapping
 173   // start as base.
 174   //
 175   // On AARCH64, The "shared_base" may not be later usable as encoding base, depending on the
 176   // total size of the reserved area and the precomputed_narrow_klass_shift. This is checked
 177   // before reserving memory.  Here we weed out values already known to be invalid later.
 178   return AARCH64_ONLY(is_aligned(shared_base, 4 * G)) NOT_AARCH64(true);
 179 }
 180 
 181 class DumpClassListCLDClosure : public CLDClosure {
 182   static const int INITIAL_TABLE_SIZE = 1987;
 183   static const int MAX_TABLE_SIZE = 61333;
 184 
 185   fileStream *_stream;
 186   ResizeableHashTable<InstanceKlass*, bool,
 187                               AnyObj::C_HEAP, mtClassShared> _dumped_classes;
 188 
 189   void dump(InstanceKlass* ik) {
 190     bool created;
 191     _dumped_classes.put_if_absent(ik, &created);
 192     if (!created) {
 193       return;
 194     }
 195     if (_dumped_classes.maybe_grow()) {
 196       log_info(aot, hashtables)("Expanded _dumped_classes table to %d", _dumped_classes.table_size());
 197     }
 198     if (ik->super()) {
 199       dump(ik->super());
 200     }
 201     Array<InstanceKlass*>* interfaces = ik->local_interfaces();
 202     int len = interfaces->length();
 203     for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {
 204       dump(interfaces->at(i));
 205     }
 206     ClassListWriter::write_to_stream(ik, _stream);
 207   }
 208 
 209 public:
 210   DumpClassListCLDClosure(fileStream* f)
 211   : CLDClosure(), _dumped_classes(INITIAL_TABLE_SIZE, MAX_TABLE_SIZE) {
 212     _stream = f;
 213   }
 214 
 215   void do_cld(ClassLoaderData* cld) {
 216     for (Klass* klass = cld->klasses(); klass != nullptr; klass = klass->next_link()) {
 217       if (klass->is_instance_klass()) {
 218         dump(InstanceKlass::cast(klass));
 219       }
 220     }
 221   }
 222 };
 223 
 224 void AOTMetaspace::dump_loaded_classes(const char* file_name, TRAPS) {
 225   fileStream stream(file_name, "w");
 226   if (stream.is_open()) {
 227     MutexLocker lock(ClassLoaderDataGraph_lock);
 228     MutexLocker lock2(ClassListFile_lock, Mutex::_no_safepoint_check_flag);
 229     DumpClassListCLDClosure collect_classes(&stream);
 230     ClassLoaderDataGraph::loaded_cld_do(&collect_classes);
 231   } else {
 232     THROW_MSG(vmSymbols::java_io_IOException(), "Failed to open file");
 233   }
 234 }
 235 
 236 static bool shared_base_too_high(char* specified_base, char* aligned_base, size_t cds_max) {
 237   // Caller should have checked that aligned_base was successfully aligned and is not nullptr.
 238   // Comparing specified_base with nullptr is UB.
 239   assert(aligned_base != nullptr, "sanity");
 240   assert(aligned_base >= specified_base, "sanity");
 241 
 242   if (max_uintx - uintx(aligned_base) < uintx(cds_max)) {
 243     // Not enough address space to hold an archive of cds_max bytes from aligned_base.
 244     return true;
 245   } else {
 246     return false;
 247   }
 248 }
 249 
 250 static char* compute_shared_base(size_t cds_max) {
 251   char* specified_base = (char*)SharedBaseAddress;
 252   size_t alignment = AOTMetaspace::core_region_alignment();
 253   if (UseCompressedClassPointers && CompressedKlassPointers::needs_class_space()) {
 254     alignment = MAX2(alignment, Metaspace::reserve_alignment());
 255   }
 256 
 257   if (SharedBaseAddress == 0) {
 258     // Special meaning of -XX:SharedBaseAddress=0 -> Always map archive at os-selected address.
 259     return specified_base;
 260   }
 261 
 262   char* aligned_base = can_align_up(specified_base, alignment)
 263                            ? align_up(specified_base, alignment)
 264                            : nullptr;
 265 
 266   if (aligned_base != specified_base) {
 267     aot_log_info(aot)("SharedBaseAddress (" INTPTR_FORMAT ") aligned up to " INTPTR_FORMAT,
 268                    p2i(specified_base), p2i(aligned_base));
 269   }
 270 
 271   const char* err = nullptr;
 272   if (aligned_base == nullptr) {
 273     err = "too high";
 274   } else if (shared_base_too_high(specified_base, aligned_base, cds_max)) {
 275     err = "too high";
 276   } else if (!shared_base_valid(aligned_base)) {
 277     err = "invalid for this platform";
 278   } else {
 279     return aligned_base;
 280   }
 281 
 282   // Arguments::default_SharedBaseAddress() is hard-coded in cds_globals.hpp. It must be carefully
 283   // picked that (a) the align_up() below will always return a valid value; (b) none of
 284   // the following asserts will fail.
 285   aot_log_warning(aot)("SharedBaseAddress (" INTPTR_FORMAT ") is %s. Reverted to " INTPTR_FORMAT,
 286                    p2i((void*)SharedBaseAddress), err,
 287                    p2i((void*)Arguments::default_SharedBaseAddress()));
 288 
 289   specified_base = (char*)Arguments::default_SharedBaseAddress();
 290   aligned_base = align_up(specified_base, alignment);
 291 
 292   // Make sure the default value of SharedBaseAddress specified in globals.hpp is sane.
 293   assert(!shared_base_too_high(specified_base, aligned_base, cds_max), "Sanity");
 294   assert(shared_base_valid(aligned_base), "Sanity");
 295   return aligned_base;
 296 }
 297 
 298 void AOTMetaspace::initialize_for_static_dump() {
 299   assert(CDSConfig::is_dumping_static_archive(), "sanity");
 300   aot_log_info(aot)("Core region alignment: %zu", core_region_alignment());
 301   // The max allowed size for CDS archive. We use this to limit SharedBaseAddress
 302   // to avoid address space wrap around.
 303   size_t cds_max;
 304   const size_t reserve_alignment = core_region_alignment();
 305 
 306 #ifdef _LP64
 307   const uint64_t UnscaledClassSpaceMax = (uint64_t(max_juint) + 1);
 308   cds_max = align_down(UnscaledClassSpaceMax, reserve_alignment);
 309 #else
 310   // We don't support archives larger than 256MB on 32-bit due to limited
 311   //  virtual address space.
 312   cds_max = align_down(256*M, reserve_alignment);
 313 #endif
 314 
 315   _requested_base_address = compute_shared_base(cds_max);
 316   SharedBaseAddress = (size_t)_requested_base_address;
 317 
 318   size_t symbol_rs_size = LP64_ONLY(3 * G) NOT_LP64(128 * M);
 319   _symbol_rs = MemoryReserver::reserve(symbol_rs_size,
 320                                        os::vm_allocation_granularity(),
 321                                        os::vm_page_size(),
 322                                        mtClassShared);
 323   if (!_symbol_rs.is_reserved()) {
 324     aot_log_error(aot)("Unable to reserve memory for symbols: %zu bytes.", symbol_rs_size);
 325     AOTMetaspace::unrecoverable_writing_error();
 326   }
 327   _symbol_region.init(&_symbol_rs, &_symbol_vs);
 328   if (CDSConfig::is_dumping_preimage_static_archive()) {
 329     // We are in the AOT training run. User code is executed.
 330     //
 331     // On Windows, if the user code closes System.out and we open the AOT config file for output
 332     // only at VM exit, we might get back the same file HANDLE as stdout, and the AOT config
 333     // file may get corrupted by UL logs. By opening early, we ensure that the output
 334     // HANDLE is different than stdout so we can avoid such corruption.
 335     open_output_mapinfo();
 336   } else {
 337     // No need for the above as we won't execute any user code.
 338   }
 339 }
 340 
 341 void AOTMetaspace::open_output_mapinfo() {
 342   const char* static_archive = CDSConfig::output_archive_path();
 343   assert(static_archive != nullptr, "sanity");
 344   _output_mapinfo = new FileMapInfo(static_archive, true);
 345   _output_mapinfo->open_as_output();
 346 }
 347 
 348 // Called by universe_post_init()
 349 void AOTMetaspace::post_initialize(TRAPS) {
 350   if (CDSConfig::is_using_archive()) {
 351     FileMapInfo *static_mapinfo = FileMapInfo::current_info();
 352     FileMapInfo *dynamic_mapinfo = FileMapInfo::dynamic_info();
 353 
 354     if (AOTMapLogger::is_logging_at_bootstrap()) {
 355       // The map logging needs to be done here, as it requires some stubs on Windows,
 356       // which are not generated until the end of init_globals().
 357       AOTMapLogger::runtime_log(static_mapinfo, dynamic_mapinfo);
 358     }
 359 
 360     // Close any open file descriptors. However, mmap'ed pages will remain in memory.
 361     static_mapinfo->close();
 362 
 363     if (HeapShared::is_loading() && HeapShared::is_loading_mapping_mode()) {
 364       static_mapinfo->unmap_region(AOTMetaspace::bm);
 365     }
 366 
 367     if (dynamic_mapinfo != nullptr) {
 368       dynamic_mapinfo->close();
 369       dynamic_mapinfo->unmap_region(AOTMetaspace::bm);
 370     }
 371 
 372     int size = AOTClassLocationConfig::runtime()->length();
 373     if (size > 0) {
 374       CDSProtectionDomain::allocate_shared_data_arrays(size, CHECK);
 375     }
 376   }
 377 }
 378 
 379 // Extra java.lang.Strings to be added to the archive
 380 static GrowableArrayCHeap<OopHandle, mtClassShared>* _extra_interned_strings = nullptr;
 381 // Extra Symbols to be added to the archive
 382 static GrowableArrayCHeap<Symbol*, mtClassShared>* _extra_symbols = nullptr;
 383 // Methods managed by SystemDictionary::find_method_handle_intrinsic() to be added to the archive
 384 static GrowableArray<Method*>* _pending_method_handle_intrinsics = nullptr;
 385 
 386 void AOTMetaspace::read_extra_data(JavaThread* current, const char* filename) {
 387   _extra_interned_strings = new GrowableArrayCHeap<OopHandle, mtClassShared>(10000);
 388   _extra_symbols = new GrowableArrayCHeap<Symbol*, mtClassShared>(1000);
 389 
 390   HashtableTextDump reader(filename);
 391   reader.check_version("VERSION: 1.0");
 392 
 393   while (reader.remain() > 0) {
 394     int utf8_length;
 395     int prefix_type = reader.scan_prefix(&utf8_length);
 396     ResourceMark rm(current);
 397     if (utf8_length == 0x7fffffff) {
 398       // buf_len will overflown 32-bit value.
 399       aot_log_error(aot)("string length too large: %d", utf8_length);
 400       AOTMetaspace::unrecoverable_loading_error();
 401     }
 402     int buf_len = utf8_length+1;
 403     char* utf8_buffer = NEW_RESOURCE_ARRAY(char, buf_len);
 404     reader.get_utf8(utf8_buffer, utf8_length);
 405     utf8_buffer[utf8_length] = '\0';
 406 
 407     if (prefix_type == HashtableTextDump::SymbolPrefix) {
 408       _extra_symbols->append(SymbolTable::new_permanent_symbol(utf8_buffer));
 409     } else{
 410       assert(prefix_type == HashtableTextDump::StringPrefix, "Sanity");
 411       ExceptionMark em(current);
 412       JavaThread* THREAD = current; // For exception macros.
 413       oop str = StringTable::intern(utf8_buffer, THREAD);
 414 
 415       if (HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION) {
 416         log_warning(aot, heap)("[line %d] extra interned string allocation failed; size too large: %d",
 417                                reader.last_line_no(), utf8_length);
 418         CLEAR_PENDING_EXCEPTION;
 419       } else {
 420 #if INCLUDE_CDS_JAVA_HEAP
 421         if (HeapShared::is_string_too_large_to_archive(str)) {
 422           log_warning(aot, heap)("[line %d] extra interned string ignored; size too large: %d",
 423                                  reader.last_line_no(), utf8_length);
 424           continue;
 425         }
 426         // Make sure this string is included in the dumped interned string table.
 427         assert(str != nullptr, "must succeed");
 428         _extra_interned_strings->append(OopHandle(Universe::vm_global(), str));
 429 #endif
 430       }
 431     }
 432   }
 433 }
 434 
 435 void AOTMetaspace::make_method_handle_intrinsics_shareable() {
 436   for (int i = 0; i < _pending_method_handle_intrinsics->length(); i++) {
 437     Method* m = ArchiveBuilder::current()->get_buffered_addr(_pending_method_handle_intrinsics->at(i));
 438     m->remove_unshareable_info();
 439     // Each method has its own constant pool (which is distinct from m->method_holder()->constants());
 440     m->constants()->remove_unshareable_info();
 441   }
 442 }
 443 
 444 void AOTMetaspace::write_method_handle_intrinsics() {
 445   int len = _pending_method_handle_intrinsics->length();
 446   _archived_method_handle_intrinsics = ArchiveBuilder::new_ro_array<Method*>(len);
 447   int word_size = _archived_method_handle_intrinsics->size();
 448   for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {
 449     Method* m = _pending_method_handle_intrinsics->at(i);
 450     ArchiveBuilder::current()->write_pointer_in_buffer(_archived_method_handle_intrinsics->adr_at(i), m);
 451     word_size += m->size() + m->constMethod()->size() + m->constants()->size();
 452     if (m->constants()->cache() != nullptr) {
 453       word_size += m->constants()->cache()->size();
 454     }
 455   }
 456   log_info(aot)("Archived %d method handle intrinsics (%d bytes)", len, word_size * BytesPerWord);
 457 }
 458 
 459 // About "serialize" --
 460 //
 461 // This is (probably a badly named) way to read/write a data stream of pointers and
 462 // miscellaneous data from/to the shared archive file. The usual code looks like this:
 463 //
 464 //     // These two global C++ variables are initialized during dump time.
 465 //     static int _archived_int;
 466 //     static MetaspaceObj* archived_ptr;
 467 //
 468 //     void MyClass::serialize(SerializeClosure* soc) {
 469 //         soc->do_int(&_archived_int);
 470 //         soc->do_int(&_archived_ptr);
 471 //     }
 472 //
 473 //     At dumptime, these two variables are stored into the CDS archive.
 474 //     At runtime, these two variables are loaded from the CDS archive.
 475 //     In addition, the pointer is relocated as necessary.
 476 //
 477 // Some of the xxx::serialize() functions may have side effects and assume that
 478 // the archive is already mapped. For example, SymbolTable::serialize_shared_table_header()
 479 // unconditionally makes the set of archived symbols available. Therefore, we put most
 480 // of these xxx::serialize() functions inside AOTMetaspace::serialize(), which
 481 // is called AFTER we made the decision to map the archive.
 482 //
 483 // However, some of the "serialized" data are used to decide whether an archive should
 484 // be mapped or not (e.g., for checking if the -Djdk.module.main property is compatible
 485 // with the archive). The xxx::serialize() functions for these data must be put inside
 486 // AOTMetaspace::early_serialize(). Such functions must not produce side effects that
 487 // assume we will always decides to map the archive.
 488 
 489 void AOTMetaspace::early_serialize(SerializeClosure* soc) {
 490   int tag = 0;
 491   soc->do_tag(--tag);
 492   CDS_JAVA_HEAP_ONLY(Modules::serialize_archived_module_info(soc);)
 493   soc->do_tag(666);
 494 }
 495 
 496 void AOTMetaspace::serialize(SerializeClosure* soc) {
 497   int tag = 0;
 498   soc->do_tag(--tag);
 499 
 500   // Verify the sizes of various metadata in the system.
 501   soc->do_tag(sizeof(Method));
 502   soc->do_tag(sizeof(ConstMethod));
 503   soc->do_tag(arrayOopDesc::base_offset_in_bytes(T_BYTE));
 504   soc->do_tag(sizeof(ConstantPool));
 505   soc->do_tag(sizeof(ConstantPoolCache));
 506   soc->do_tag(objArrayOopDesc::base_offset_in_bytes());
 507   soc->do_tag(typeArrayOopDesc::base_offset_in_bytes(T_BYTE));
 508   soc->do_tag(sizeof(Symbol));
 509 
 510   // Need to do this first, as subsequent steps may call virtual functions
 511   // in archived Metadata objects.
 512   CppVtables::serialize(soc);
 513   soc->do_tag(--tag);
 514 
 515   // Dump/restore miscellaneous metadata.
 516   JavaClasses::serialize_offsets(soc);
 517   Universe::serialize(soc);
 518   soc->do_tag(--tag);
 519 
 520   // Dump/restore references to commonly used names and signatures.
 521   vmSymbols::serialize(soc);
 522   soc->do_tag(--tag);
 523 
 524   // Dump/restore the symbol/string/subgraph_info tables
 525   SymbolTable::serialize_shared_table_header(soc);
 526   StringTable::serialize_shared_table_header(soc);
 527   HeapShared::serialize_tables(soc);
 528   SystemDictionaryShared::serialize_dictionary_headers(soc);
 529   AOTLinkedClassBulkLoader::serialize(soc);
 530   FinalImageRecipes::serialize(soc);
 531   TrainingData::serialize(soc);
 532   InstanceMirrorKlass::serialize_offsets(soc);
 533 
 534   // Dump/restore well known classes (pointers)
 535   SystemDictionaryShared::serialize_vm_classes(soc);
 536   soc->do_tag(--tag);
 537 
 538   CDS_JAVA_HEAP_ONLY(ClassLoaderDataShared::serialize(soc);)
 539   soc->do_ptr((void**)&_archived_method_handle_intrinsics);
 540 
 541   LambdaFormInvokers::serialize(soc);
 542   AdapterHandlerLibrary::serialize_shared_table_header(soc);
 543 
 544   soc->do_tag(666);
 545 }
 546 
 547 // In AOTCache workflow, when dumping preimage, the constant pool entries are stored in unresolved state.
 548 // So the fast version of getfield/putfield needs to be converted to nofast version.
 549 // When dumping the final image in the assembly phase, these nofast versions are converted back to fast versions
 550 // if the constant pool entry refered by these bytecodes is stored in resolved state.
 551 // Same principle applies to static and dynamic archives. If the constant pool entry is in resolved state, then
 552 // the fast version of the bytecodes can be preserved, else use the nofast version.
 553 //
 554 // The fast versions of aload_0 (i.e. _fast_Xaccess_0) merges the bytecode pair (aload_0, fast_Xgetfield).
 555 // If the fast version of aload_0 is preserved in AOTCache, then the JVMTI notifications for field access and
 556 // breakpoint events will be skipped for the second bytecode (fast_Xgetfield) in the pair.
 557 // Same holds for fast versions of iload_0. So for these bytecodes, nofast version is used.
 558 static void rewrite_bytecodes(const methodHandle& method) {
 559   ConstantPool* cp = method->constants();
 560   BytecodeStream bcs(method);
 561   Bytecodes::Code new_code;
 562 
 563   LogStreamHandle(Trace, aot, resolve) lsh;
 564   if (lsh.is_enabled()) {
 565     lsh.print("Rewriting bytecodes for ");
 566     method()->print_external_name(&lsh);
 567     lsh.print("\n");
 568   }
 569 
 570   while (!bcs.is_last_bytecode()) {
 571     Bytecodes::Code opcode = bcs.next();
 572     // Use current opcode as the default value of new_code
 573     new_code = opcode;
 574     switch(opcode) {
 575     case Bytecodes::_getfield: {
 576       uint rfe_index = bcs.get_index_u2();
 577       bool is_resolved = cp->is_resolved(rfe_index, opcode);
 578       if (is_resolved) {
 579         assert(!CDSConfig::is_dumping_preimage_static_archive(), "preimage should not have resolved field references");
 580         ResolvedFieldEntry* rfe = cp->resolved_field_entry_at(bcs.get_index_u2());
 581         switch(rfe->tos_state()) {
 582         case btos:
 583           // fallthrough
 584         case ztos: new_code = Bytecodes::_fast_bgetfield; break;
 585         case atos: new_code = Bytecodes::_fast_agetfield; break;
 586         case itos: new_code = Bytecodes::_fast_igetfield; break;
 587         case ctos: new_code = Bytecodes::_fast_cgetfield; break;
 588         case stos: new_code = Bytecodes::_fast_sgetfield; break;
 589         case ltos: new_code = Bytecodes::_fast_lgetfield; break;
 590         case ftos: new_code = Bytecodes::_fast_fgetfield; break;
 591         case dtos: new_code = Bytecodes::_fast_dgetfield; break;
 592         default:
 593           ShouldNotReachHere();
 594           break;
 595         }
 596       } else {
 597         new_code = Bytecodes::_nofast_getfield;
 598       }
 599       break;
 600     }
 601     case Bytecodes::_putfield: {
 602       uint rfe_index = bcs.get_index_u2();
 603       bool is_resolved = cp->is_resolved(rfe_index, opcode);
 604       if (is_resolved) {
 605         assert(!CDSConfig::is_dumping_preimage_static_archive(), "preimage should not have resolved field references");
 606         ResolvedFieldEntry* rfe = cp->resolved_field_entry_at(bcs.get_index_u2());
 607         switch(rfe->tos_state()) {
 608         case btos: new_code = Bytecodes::_fast_bputfield; break;
 609         case ztos: new_code = Bytecodes::_fast_zputfield; break;
 610         case atos: new_code = Bytecodes::_fast_aputfield; break;
 611         case itos: new_code = Bytecodes::_fast_iputfield; break;
 612         case ctos: new_code = Bytecodes::_fast_cputfield; break;
 613         case stos: new_code = Bytecodes::_fast_sputfield; break;
 614         case ltos: new_code = Bytecodes::_fast_lputfield; break;
 615         case ftos: new_code = Bytecodes::_fast_fputfield; break;
 616         case dtos: new_code = Bytecodes::_fast_dputfield; break;
 617         default:
 618           ShouldNotReachHere();
 619           break;
 620         }
 621       } else {
 622         new_code = Bytecodes::_nofast_putfield;
 623       }
 624       break;
 625     }
 626     case Bytecodes::_aload_0:
 627       // Revert _fast_Xaccess_0 or _aload_0 to _nofast_aload_0
 628       new_code = Bytecodes::_nofast_aload_0;
 629       break;
 630     case Bytecodes::_iload:
 631       if (!bcs.is_wide()) {
 632         new_code = Bytecodes::_nofast_iload;
 633       }
 634       break;
 635     default:
 636       break;
 637     }
 638     if (opcode != new_code) {
 639       *bcs.bcp() = new_code;
 640       if (lsh.is_enabled()) {
 641         lsh.print_cr("%d:%s -> %s", bcs.bci(), Bytecodes::name(opcode), Bytecodes::name(new_code));
 642       }
 643     }
 644   }
 645 }
 646 
 647 // [1] Rewrite all bytecodes as needed, so that the ConstMethod* will not be modified
 648 //     at run time by RewriteBytecodes/RewriteFrequentPairs
 649 // [2] Assign a fingerprint, so one doesn't need to be assigned at run-time.
 650 void AOTMetaspace::rewrite_bytecodes_and_calculate_fingerprints(Thread* thread, InstanceKlass* ik) {
 651   for (int i = 0; i < ik->methods()->length(); i++) {
 652     methodHandle m(thread, ik->methods()->at(i));
 653     if (ik->can_be_verified_at_dumptime() && ik->is_linked()) {
 654       rewrite_bytecodes(m);
 655     }
 656     Fingerprinter fp(m);
 657     // The side effect of this call sets method's fingerprint field.
 658     fp.fingerprint();
 659   }
 660 }
 661 
 662 class VM_PopulateDumpSharedSpace : public VM_Operation {
 663 private:
 664   ArchiveMappedHeapInfo _mapped_heap_info;
 665   ArchiveStreamedHeapInfo _streamed_heap_info;
 666   FileMapInfo* _map_info;
 667   StaticArchiveBuilder& _builder;
 668 
 669   void dump_java_heap_objects();
 670   void dump_shared_symbol_table(GrowableArray<Symbol*>* symbols) {
 671     log_info(aot)("Dumping symbol table ...");
 672     SymbolTable::write_to_archive(symbols);
 673   }
 674   char* dump_early_read_only_tables();
 675   char* dump_read_only_tables(AOTClassLocationConfig*& cl_config);
 676 
 677 public:
 678 
 679   VM_PopulateDumpSharedSpace(StaticArchiveBuilder& b, FileMapInfo* map_info) :
 680     VM_Operation(), _mapped_heap_info(), _streamed_heap_info(), _map_info(map_info), _builder(b) {}
 681 
 682   bool skip_operation() const { return false; }
 683 
 684   VMOp_Type type() const { return VMOp_PopulateDumpSharedSpace; }
 685   ArchiveMappedHeapInfo* mapped_heap_info()  { return &_mapped_heap_info; }
 686   ArchiveStreamedHeapInfo* streamed_heap_info()  { return &_streamed_heap_info; }
 687   void doit();   // outline because gdb sucks
 688   bool allow_nested_vm_operations() const { return true; }
 689 }; // class VM_PopulateDumpSharedSpace
 690 
 691 class StaticArchiveBuilder : public ArchiveBuilder {
 692 public:
 693   StaticArchiveBuilder() : ArchiveBuilder() {}
 694 
 695   virtual void iterate_roots(MetaspaceClosure* it) {
 696     AOTArtifactFinder::all_cached_classes_do(it);
 697     SystemDictionaryShared::dumptime_classes_do(it);
 698     Universe::metaspace_pointers_do(it);
 699     vmSymbols::metaspace_pointers_do(it);
 700     TrainingData::iterate_roots(it);
 701 
 702     // The above code should find all the symbols that are referenced by the
 703     // archived classes. We just need to add the extra symbols which
 704     // may not be used by any of the archived classes -- these are usually
 705     // symbols that we anticipate to be used at run time, so we can store
 706     // them in the RO region, to be shared across multiple processes.
 707     if (_extra_symbols != nullptr) {
 708       for (int i = 0; i < _extra_symbols->length(); i++) {
 709         it->push(_extra_symbols->adr_at(i));
 710       }
 711     }
 712 
 713     for (int i = 0; i < _pending_method_handle_intrinsics->length(); i++) {
 714       it->push(_pending_method_handle_intrinsics->adr_at(i));
 715     }
 716   }
 717 };
 718 
 719 char* VM_PopulateDumpSharedSpace::dump_early_read_only_tables() {
 720   ArchiveBuilder::OtherROAllocMark mark;
 721 
 722   CDS_JAVA_HEAP_ONLY(Modules::dump_archived_module_info());
 723 
 724   DumpRegion* ro_region = ArchiveBuilder::current()->ro_region();
 725   char* start = ro_region->top();
 726   WriteClosure wc(ro_region);
 727   AOTMetaspace::early_serialize(&wc);
 728   return start;
 729 }
 730 
 731 char* VM_PopulateDumpSharedSpace::dump_read_only_tables(AOTClassLocationConfig*& cl_config) {
 732   ArchiveBuilder::OtherROAllocMark mark;
 733 
 734   SystemDictionaryShared::write_to_archive();
 735   cl_config = AOTClassLocationConfig::dumptime()->write_to_archive();
 736   AOTClassLinker::write_to_archive();
 737   if (CDSConfig::is_dumping_preimage_static_archive()) {
 738     FinalImageRecipes::record_recipes();
 739   }
 740 
 741   TrainingData::dump_training_data();
 742 
 743   AOTMetaspace::write_method_handle_intrinsics();
 744 
 745   // Write lambform lines into archive
 746   LambdaFormInvokers::dump_static_archive_invokers();
 747 
 748   if (CDSConfig::is_dumping_adapters()) {
 749     AdapterHandlerLibrary::dump_aot_adapter_table();
 750   }
 751 
 752   // Write the other data to the output array.
 753   DumpRegion* ro_region = ArchiveBuilder::current()->ro_region();
 754   char* start = ro_region->top();
 755   WriteClosure wc(ro_region);
 756   AOTMetaspace::serialize(&wc);
 757 
 758   return start;
 759 }
 760 
 761 void VM_PopulateDumpSharedSpace::doit() {
 762   CDSConfig::set_is_at_aot_safepoint(true);
 763 
 764   if (!CDSConfig::is_dumping_final_static_archive()) {
 765     guarantee(!CDSConfig::is_using_archive(), "We should not be using an archive when we dump");
 766   }
 767 
 768   DEBUG_ONLY(SystemDictionaryShared::NoClassLoadingMark nclm);
 769 
 770   _pending_method_handle_intrinsics = new (mtClassShared) GrowableArray<Method*>(256, mtClassShared);
 771   if (CDSConfig::is_dumping_method_handles()) {
 772     // When dumping AOT-linked classes, some classes may have direct references to a method handle
 773     // intrinsic. The easiest thing is to save all of them into the AOT cache.
 774     SystemDictionary::get_all_method_handle_intrinsics(_pending_method_handle_intrinsics);
 775   }
 776 
 777   AOTClassLocationConfig::dumptime_check_nonempty_dirs();
 778 
 779   NOT_PRODUCT(SystemDictionary::verify();)
 780 
 781   // Block concurrent class unloading from changing the _dumptime_table
 782   MutexLocker ml(DumpTimeTable_lock, Mutex::_no_safepoint_check_flag);
 783 
 784   _builder.gather_source_objs();
 785   _builder.reserve_buffer();
 786 
 787   CppVtables::dumptime_init(&_builder);
 788 
 789   _builder.sort_metadata_objs();
 790   _builder.dump_rw_metadata();
 791   _builder.dump_ro_metadata();
 792   _builder.relocate_metaspaceobj_embedded_pointers();
 793 
 794   log_info(aot)("Make classes shareable");
 795   _builder.make_klasses_shareable();
 796   AOTMetaspace::make_method_handle_intrinsics_shareable();
 797 
 798   dump_java_heap_objects();
 799   dump_shared_symbol_table(_builder.symbols());
 800 
 801   char* early_serialized_data = dump_early_read_only_tables();
 802   AOTClassLocationConfig* cl_config;
 803   char* serialized_data = dump_read_only_tables(cl_config);
 804 
 805   if (CDSConfig::is_dumping_lambdas_in_legacy_mode()) {
 806     log_info(aot)("Adjust lambda proxy class dictionary");
 807     LambdaProxyClassDictionary::adjust_dumptime_table();
 808   }
 809 
 810   log_info(cds)("Make training data shareable");
 811   _builder.make_training_data_shareable();
 812 
 813   // The vtable clones contain addresses of the current process.
 814   // We don't want to write these addresses into the archive.
 815   CppVtables::zero_archived_vtables();
 816 
 817   // Write the archive file
 818   _map_info->populate_header(AOTMetaspace::core_region_alignment());
 819   _map_info->set_early_serialized_data(early_serialized_data);
 820   _map_info->set_serialized_data(serialized_data);
 821   _map_info->set_cloned_vtables(CppVtables::vtables_serialized_base());
 822   _map_info->header()->set_class_location_config(cl_config);
 823 
 824   HeapShared::delete_tables_with_raw_oops();
 825   CDSConfig::set_is_at_aot_safepoint(false);
 826 }
 827 
 828 class CollectClassesForLinking : public KlassClosure {
 829   GrowableArray<OopHandle> _mirrors;
 830 
 831 public:
 832    CollectClassesForLinking() : _mirrors() {
 833      // ClassLoaderDataGraph::loaded_classes_do_keepalive() requires ClassLoaderDataGraph_lock.
 834      // We cannot link the classes while holding this lock (or else we may run into deadlock).
 835      // Therefore, we need to first collect all the classes, keeping them alive by
 836      // holding onto their java_mirrors in global OopHandles. We then link the classes after
 837      // releasing the lock.
 838      MutexLocker lock(ClassLoaderDataGraph_lock);
 839      ClassLoaderDataGraph::loaded_classes_do_keepalive(this);
 840    }
 841 
 842   ~CollectClassesForLinking() {
 843     for (int i = 0; i < _mirrors.length(); i++) {
 844       _mirrors.at(i).release(Universe::vm_global());
 845     }
 846   }
 847 
 848   void do_cld(ClassLoaderData* cld) {
 849     assert(cld->is_alive(), "must be");
 850   }
 851 
 852   void do_klass(Klass* k) {
 853     if (k->is_instance_klass()) {
 854       _mirrors.append(OopHandle(Universe::vm_global(), k->java_mirror()));
 855     }
 856   }
 857 
 858   const GrowableArray<OopHandle>* mirrors() const { return &_mirrors; }
 859 };
 860 
 861 // Check if we can eagerly link this class at dump time, so we can avoid the
 862 // runtime linking overhead (especially verification)
 863 bool AOTMetaspace::may_be_eagerly_linked(InstanceKlass* ik) {
 864   if (!ik->can_be_verified_at_dumptime()) {
 865     // For old classes, try to leave them in the unlinked state, so
 866     // we can still store them in the archive. They must be
 867     // linked/verified at runtime.
 868     return false;
 869   }
 870   if (CDSConfig::is_dumping_dynamic_archive() && ik->defined_by_other_loaders()) {
 871     // Linking of unregistered classes at this stage may cause more
 872     // classes to be resolved, resulting in calls to ClassLoader.loadClass()
 873     // that may not be expected by custom class loaders.
 874     //
 875     // It's OK to do this for the built-in loaders as we know they can
 876     // tolerate this.
 877     return false;
 878   }
 879   return true;
 880 }
 881 
 882 void AOTMetaspace::link_all_loaded_classes(JavaThread* current) {
 883   while (true) {
 884     ResourceMark rm(current);
 885     CollectClassesForLinking collect_classes;
 886     bool has_linked = false;
 887     const GrowableArray<OopHandle>* mirrors = collect_classes.mirrors();
 888     for (int i = 0; i < mirrors->length(); i++) {
 889       OopHandle mirror = mirrors->at(i);
 890       InstanceKlass* ik = java_lang_Class::as_InstanceKlass(mirror.resolve());
 891       if (may_be_eagerly_linked(ik)) {
 892         has_linked |= try_link_class(current, ik);
 893       }
 894     }
 895 
 896     if (!has_linked) {
 897       break;
 898     }
 899     // Class linking includes verification which may load more classes.
 900     // Keep scanning until we have linked no more classes.
 901   }
 902 }
 903 
 904 void AOTMetaspace::link_shared_classes(TRAPS) {
 905   AOTClassLinker::initialize();
 906   AOTClassInitializer::init_test_class(CHECK);
 907 
 908   if (CDSConfig::is_dumping_final_static_archive()) {
 909     // - Load and link all classes used in the training run.
 910     // - Initialize @AOTSafeClassInitializer classes that were
 911     //   initialized in the training run.
 912     // - Perform per-class optimization such as AOT-resolution of
 913     //   constant pool entries that were resolved during the training run.
 914     FinalImageRecipes::apply_recipes(CHECK);
 915 
 916     // Because the AOT assembly phase does not run the same exact code as in the
 917     // training run (e.g., we use different lambda form invoker classes;
 918     // generated lambda form classes are not recorded in FinalImageRecipes),
 919     // the recipes do not cover all classes that have been loaded so far. As
 920     // a result, we might have some unlinked classes at this point. Since we
 921     // require cached classes to be linked, all such classes will be linked
 922     // by the following step.
 923   }
 924 
 925   link_all_loaded_classes(THREAD);
 926 
 927   // Eargerly resolve all string constants in constant pools
 928   {
 929     ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
 930     CollectClassesForLinking collect_classes;
 931     const GrowableArray<OopHandle>* mirrors = collect_classes.mirrors();
 932     for (int i = 0; i < mirrors->length(); i++) {
 933       OopHandle mirror = mirrors->at(i);
 934       InstanceKlass* ik = java_lang_Class::as_InstanceKlass(mirror.resolve());
 935       AOTConstantPoolResolver::preresolve_string_cp_entries(ik, CHECK);
 936     }
 937   }
 938 }
 939 
 940 void AOTMetaspace::dump_static_archive(TRAPS) {
 941   CDSConfig::DumperThreadMark dumper_thread_mark(THREAD);
 942   ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
 943   HandleMark hm(THREAD);
 944 
 945  if (CDSConfig::is_dumping_final_static_archive() && AOTPrintTrainingInfo) {
 946    tty->print_cr("==================== archived_training_data ** before dumping ====================");
 947    TrainingData::print_archived_training_data_on(tty);
 948  }
 949 
 950   StaticArchiveBuilder builder;
 951   dump_static_archive_impl(builder, THREAD);
 952   if (HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION) {
 953     if (PENDING_EXCEPTION->is_a(vmClasses::OutOfMemoryError_klass())) {
 954       aot_log_error(aot)("Out of memory. Please run with a larger Java heap, current MaxHeapSize = "
 955                      "%zuM", MaxHeapSize/M);
 956       AOTMetaspace::writing_error();
 957     } else {
 958       oop message = java_lang_Throwable::message(PENDING_EXCEPTION);
 959       aot_log_error(aot)("%s: %s", PENDING_EXCEPTION->klass()->external_name(),
 960                          message == nullptr ? "(null)" : java_lang_String::as_utf8_string(message));
 961       AOTMetaspace::writing_error(err_msg("Unexpected exception, use -Xlog:aot%s,exceptions=trace for detail",
 962                                              CDSConfig::new_aot_flags_used() ? "" : ",cds"));
 963     }
 964   }
 965 
 966   if (CDSConfig::new_aot_flags_used()) {
 967     if (CDSConfig::is_dumping_preimage_static_archive()) {
 968       // We are in the JVM that runs the training run. Continue execution,
 969       // so that it can finish all clean-up and return the correct exit
 970       // code to the OS.
 971     } else {
 972       // The JLI launcher only recognizes the "old" -Xshare:dump flag.
 973       // When the new -XX:AOTMode=create flag is used, we can't return
 974       // to the JLI launcher, as the launcher will fail when trying to
 975       // run the main class, which is not what we want.
 976       struct stat st;
 977       if (os::stat(AOTCache, &st) != 0) {
 978         tty->print_cr("AOTCache creation failed: %s", AOTCache);
 979       } else {
 980         tty->print_cr("AOTCache creation is complete: %s " INT64_FORMAT " bytes", AOTCache, (int64_t)(st.st_size));
 981       }
 982       vm_direct_exit(0);
 983     }
 984   }
 985 }
 986 
 987 #if INCLUDE_CDS_JAVA_HEAP && defined(_LP64)
 988 void AOTMetaspace::adjust_heap_sizes_for_dumping() {
 989   if (!CDSConfig::is_dumping_heap() || UseCompressedOops) {
 990     return;
 991   }
 992   // CDS heap dumping requires all string oops to have an offset
 993   // from the heap bottom that can be encoded in 32-bit.
 994   julong max_heap_size = (julong)(4 * G);
 995 
 996   if (MinHeapSize > max_heap_size) {
 997     log_debug(aot)("Setting MinHeapSize to 4G for CDS dumping, original size = %zuM", MinHeapSize/M);
 998     FLAG_SET_ERGO(MinHeapSize, max_heap_size);
 999   }
1000   if (InitialHeapSize > max_heap_size) {
1001     log_debug(aot)("Setting InitialHeapSize to 4G for CDS dumping, original size = %zuM", InitialHeapSize/M);
1002     FLAG_SET_ERGO(InitialHeapSize, max_heap_size);
1003   }
1004   if (MaxHeapSize > max_heap_size) {
1005     log_debug(aot)("Setting MaxHeapSize to 4G for CDS dumping, original size = %zuM", MaxHeapSize/M);
1006     FLAG_SET_ERGO(MaxHeapSize, max_heap_size);
1007   }
1008 }
1009 #endif // INCLUDE_CDS_JAVA_HEAP && _LP64
1010 
1011 void AOTMetaspace::get_default_classlist(char* default_classlist, const size_t buf_size) {
1012   const char* filesep = os::file_separator();
1013   jio_snprintf(default_classlist, buf_size, "%s%slib%sclasslist",
1014                Arguments::get_java_home(), filesep, filesep);
1015 }
1016 
1017 void AOTMetaspace::load_classes(TRAPS) {
1018   char default_classlist[JVM_MAXPATHLEN];
1019   const char* classlist_path;
1020 
1021   get_default_classlist(default_classlist, JVM_MAXPATHLEN);
1022   if (SharedClassListFile == nullptr) {
1023     classlist_path = default_classlist;
1024   } else {
1025     classlist_path = SharedClassListFile;
1026   }
1027 
1028   aot_log_info(aot)("Loading classes to share ...");
1029   ClassListParser::parse_classlist(classlist_path,
1030                                    ClassListParser::_parse_all, CHECK);
1031   if (ExtraSharedClassListFile) {
1032     ClassListParser::parse_classlist(ExtraSharedClassListFile,
1033                                      ClassListParser::_parse_all, CHECK);
1034   }
1035   if (classlist_path != default_classlist) {
1036     struct stat statbuf;
1037     if (os::stat(default_classlist, &statbuf) == 0) {
1038       // File exists, let's use it.
1039       ClassListParser::parse_classlist(default_classlist,
1040                                        ClassListParser::_parse_lambda_forms_invokers_only, CHECK);
1041     }
1042   }
1043 
1044   // Some classes are used at CDS runtime but are not yet loaded at this point.
1045   // We can perform dummmy calls to these classes at dumptime to ensure they
1046   // are archived.
1047   exercise_runtime_cds_code(CHECK);
1048 
1049   aot_log_info(aot)("Loading classes to share: done.");
1050 }
1051 
1052 void AOTMetaspace::exercise_runtime_cds_code(TRAPS) {
1053   // Exercise the manifest processing code
1054   const char* dummy = "Manifest-Version: 1.0\n";
1055   CDSProtectionDomain::create_jar_manifest(dummy, strlen(dummy), CHECK);
1056 
1057   // Exercise FileSystem and URL code
1058   CDSProtectionDomain::to_file_URL("dummy.jar", Handle(), CHECK);
1059 }
1060 
1061 bool AOTMetaspace::preimage_static_archive_dumped() {
1062   assert(CDSConfig::is_dumping_preimage_static_archive(), "Required");
1063   return AtomicAccess::load_acquire(&_preimage_static_archive_dumped) == 1;
1064 }
1065 
1066 void AOTMetaspace::dump_static_archive_impl(StaticArchiveBuilder& builder, TRAPS) {
1067   if (CDSConfig::is_dumping_preimage_static_archive()) {
1068     // When dumping to the AOT configuration file ensure this function is only executed once.
1069     // Multiple invocations may happen via JCmd, during VM exit or other means (in the future)
1070     // from different threads and possibly concurrently.
1071     if (AtomicAccess::cmpxchg(&_preimage_static_archive_dumped, 0, 1) != 0) {
1072       return;
1073     }
1074   }
1075 
1076   if (CDSConfig::is_dumping_classic_static_archive()) {
1077     // We are running with -Xshare:dump
1078     load_classes(CHECK);
1079 
1080     if (SharedArchiveConfigFile) {
1081       log_info(aot)("Reading extra data from %s ...", SharedArchiveConfigFile);
1082       read_extra_data(THREAD, SharedArchiveConfigFile);
1083       log_info(aot)("Reading extra data: done.");
1084     }
1085   }
1086 
1087   if (CDSConfig::is_dumping_preimage_static_archive()) {
1088     log_info(aot)("Reading lambda form invokers from JDK default classlist ...");
1089     char default_classlist[JVM_MAXPATHLEN];
1090     get_default_classlist(default_classlist, JVM_MAXPATHLEN);
1091     struct stat statbuf;
1092     if (os::stat(default_classlist, &statbuf) == 0) {
1093       ClassListParser::parse_classlist(default_classlist,
1094                                        ClassListParser::_parse_lambda_forms_invokers_only, CHECK);
1095     }
1096   }
1097 
1098 #if INCLUDE_CDS_JAVA_HEAP
1099   if (CDSConfig::is_dumping_heap()) {
1100     assert(CDSConfig::allow_only_single_java_thread(), "Required");
1101     if (!HeapShared::is_archived_boot_layer_available(THREAD)) {
1102       report_loading_error("archivedBootLayer not available, disabling full module graph");
1103       CDSConfig::stop_dumping_full_module_graph();
1104     }
1105     // Do this before link_shared_classes(), as the following line may load new classes.
1106     HeapShared::init_for_dumping(CHECK);
1107   }
1108 #endif
1109 
1110   if (CDSConfig::is_dumping_final_static_archive()) {
1111     if (ExtraSharedClassListFile) {
1112       log_info(aot)("Loading extra classes from %s ...", ExtraSharedClassListFile);
1113       ClassListParser::parse_classlist(ExtraSharedClassListFile,
1114                                        ClassListParser::_parse_all, CHECK);
1115     }
1116   }
1117 
1118   // Rewrite and link classes
1119   log_info(aot)("Rewriting and linking classes ...");
1120 
1121   // Link any classes which got missed. This would happen if we have loaded classes that
1122   // were not explicitly specified in the classlist. E.g., if an interface implemented by class K
1123   // fails verification, all other interfaces that were not specified in the classlist but
1124   // are implemented by K are not verified.
1125   link_shared_classes(CHECK);
1126   log_info(aot)("Rewriting and linking classes: done");
1127   TrainingData::init_dumptime_table(CHECK); // captures TrainingDataSetLocker
1128 
1129   if (CDSConfig::is_dumping_regenerated_lambdaform_invokers()) {
1130     LambdaFormInvokers::regenerate_holder_classes(CHECK);
1131   }
1132 
1133 #if INCLUDE_CDS_JAVA_HEAP
1134   if (CDSConfig::is_dumping_heap()) {
1135     HeapShared::init_heap_writer();
1136     if (CDSConfig::is_dumping_full_module_graph()) {
1137       ClassLoaderDataShared::ensure_module_entry_tables_exist();
1138       HeapShared::reset_archived_object_states(CHECK);
1139     }
1140 
1141     AOTReferenceObjSupport::initialize(CHECK);
1142     AOTReferenceObjSupport::stabilize_cached_reference_objects(CHECK);
1143 
1144     if (CDSConfig::is_dumping_aot_linked_classes()) {
1145       // java.lang.Class::reflectionFactory cannot be archived yet. We set this field
1146       // to null, and it will be initialized again at runtime.
1147       log_debug(aot)("Resetting Class::reflectionFactory");
1148       TempNewSymbol method_name = SymbolTable::new_symbol("resetArchivedStates");
1149       Symbol* method_sig = vmSymbols::void_method_signature();
1150       JavaValue result(T_VOID);
1151       JavaCalls::call_static(&result, vmClasses::Class_klass(),
1152                              method_name, method_sig, CHECK);
1153 
1154       // Perhaps there is a way to avoid hard-coding these names here.
1155       // See discussion in JDK-8342481.
1156     }
1157 
1158     if (HeapShared::is_writing_mapping_mode()) {
1159       // Do this at the very end, when no Java code will be executed. Otherwise
1160       // some new strings may be added to the intern table.
1161       StringTable::allocate_shared_strings_array(CHECK);
1162     }
1163   } else {
1164     log_info(aot)("Not dumping heap, reset CDSConfig::_is_using_optimized_module_handling");
1165     CDSConfig::stop_using_optimized_module_handling();
1166   }
1167 #endif
1168 
1169   if (!CDSConfig::is_dumping_preimage_static_archive()) {
1170     if (CDSConfig::is_dumping_final_static_archive()) {
1171       FileMapInfo::free_current_info(); // FIXME: should not free current info
1172     }
1173     open_output_mapinfo();
1174   }
1175 
1176   VM_PopulateDumpSharedSpace op(builder, _output_mapinfo);
1177   VMThread::execute(&op);
1178 
1179   if (AOTCodeCache::is_on_for_dump() && CDSConfig::is_dumping_final_static_archive()) {
1180     CDSConfig::enable_dumping_aot_code();
1181     {
1182       builder.start_ac_region();
1183       // Write the contents to AOT code region and close AOTCodeCache before packing the region
1184       AOTCodeCache::close();
1185       builder.end_ac_region();
1186     }
1187     CDSConfig::disable_dumping_aot_code();
1188   }
1189 
1190   bool status = write_static_archive(&builder, _output_mapinfo, op.mapped_heap_info(), op.streamed_heap_info());
1191   assert(!_output_mapinfo->is_open(), "Must be closed already");
1192   _output_mapinfo = nullptr;
1193   if (status && CDSConfig::is_dumping_preimage_static_archive()) {
1194     tty->print_cr("%s AOTConfiguration recorded: %s",
1195                   CDSConfig::has_temp_aot_config_file() ? "Temporary" : "", AOTConfiguration);
1196     if (CDSConfig::is_single_command_training()) {
1197       fork_and_dump_final_static_archive(CHECK);
1198     }
1199   }
1200 
1201   if (!status) {
1202     THROW_MSG(vmSymbols::java_io_IOException(), "Encountered error while dumping");
1203   }
1204 }
1205 
1206 bool AOTMetaspace::write_static_archive(ArchiveBuilder* builder,
1207                                         FileMapInfo* map_info,
1208                                         ArchiveMappedHeapInfo* mapped_heap_info,
1209                                         ArchiveStreamedHeapInfo* streamed_heap_info) {
1210   // relocate the data so that it can be mapped to AOTMetaspace::requested_base_address()
1211   // without runtime relocation.
1212   builder->relocate_to_requested();
1213   if (!map_info->is_open()) {
1214     return false;
1215   }
1216   map_info->prepare_for_writing();
1217   builder->write_archive(map_info, mapped_heap_info, streamed_heap_info);
1218   return true;
1219 }
1220 
1221 static void print_java_launcher(outputStream* st) {
1222   st->print("%s%sbin%sjava", Arguments::get_java_home(), os::file_separator(), os::file_separator());
1223 }
1224 
1225 static void append_args(GrowableArray<Handle>* args, const char* arg, TRAPS) {
1226   Handle string = java_lang_String::create_from_str(arg, CHECK);
1227   args->append(string);
1228 }
1229 
1230 // Pass all options in Arguments::jvm_args_array() to a child JVM process
1231 // using the JAVA_TOOL_OPTIONS environment variable.
1232 static int exec_jvm_with_java_tool_options(const char* java_launcher_path, TRAPS) {
1233   ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
1234   HandleMark hm(THREAD);
1235   GrowableArray<Handle> args;
1236 
1237   const char* cp = Arguments::get_appclasspath();
1238   if (cp != nullptr && strlen(cp) > 0 && strcmp(cp, ".") != 0) {
1239     // We cannot use "-cp", because "-cp" is only interpreted by the java launcher,
1240     // and is not interpreter by arguments.cpp when it loads args from JAVA_TOOL_OPTIONS
1241     stringStream ss;
1242     ss.print("-Djava.class.path=");
1243     ss.print_raw(cp);
1244     append_args(&args, ss.freeze(), CHECK_0);
1245     // CDS$ProcessLauncher::execWithJavaToolOptions() must unset CLASSPATH, which has
1246     // a higher priority than -Djava.class.path=
1247   }
1248 
1249   // Pass all arguments. These include those from JAVA_TOOL_OPTIONS and _JAVA_OPTIONS.
1250   for (int i = 0; i < Arguments::num_jvm_args(); i++) {
1251     const char* arg = Arguments::jvm_args_array()[i];
1252     if (strstr(arg, "-XX:AOTCacheOutput=") == arg || // arg starts with ...
1253         strstr(arg, "-XX:AOTConfiguration=") == arg ||
1254         strstr(arg, "-XX:AOTMode=") == arg) {
1255       // Filter these out. They wiill be set below.
1256     } else {
1257       append_args(&args, arg, CHECK_0);
1258     }
1259   }
1260 
1261   // Note: because we are running in AOTMode=record, JDK_AOT_VM_OPTIONS have not been
1262   // parsed, so they are not in Arguments::jvm_args_array. If JDK_AOT_VM_OPTIONS is in
1263   // the environment, it will be inherited and parsed by the child JVM process
1264   // in Arguments::parse_java_tool_options_environment_variable().
1265   precond(strcmp(AOTMode, "record") == 0);
1266 
1267   // We don't pass Arguments::jvm_flags_array(), as those will be added by
1268   // the child process when it loads .hotspotrc
1269 
1270   {
1271     // If AOTCacheOutput contains %p, it should have been already substituted with the
1272     // pid of the training process.
1273     stringStream ss;
1274     ss.print("-XX:AOTCacheOutput=");
1275     ss.print_raw(AOTCacheOutput);
1276     append_args(&args, ss.freeze(), CHECK_0);
1277   }
1278   {
1279     // If AOTCacheConfiguration contains %p, it should have been already substituted with the
1280     // pid of the training process.
1281     // If AOTCacheConfiguration was not explicitly specified, it should have been assigned a
1282     // temporary file name.
1283     stringStream ss;
1284     ss.print("-XX:AOTConfiguration=");
1285     ss.print_raw(AOTConfiguration);
1286     append_args(&args, ss.freeze(), CHECK_0);
1287   }
1288 
1289   append_args(&args, "-XX:AOTMode=create", CHECK_0);
1290 
1291   Symbol* klass_name = SymbolTable::new_symbol("jdk/internal/misc/CDS$ProcessLauncher");
1292   Klass* k = SystemDictionary::resolve_or_fail(klass_name, true, CHECK_0);
1293   Symbol* methodName = SymbolTable::new_symbol("execWithJavaToolOptions");
1294   Symbol* methodSignature = SymbolTable::new_symbol("(Ljava/lang/String;[Ljava/lang/String;)I");
1295 
1296   Handle launcher = java_lang_String::create_from_str(java_launcher_path, CHECK_0);
1297   objArrayOop array = oopFactory::new_objArray(vmClasses::String_klass(), args.length(), CHECK_0);
1298   for (int i = 0; i < args.length(); i++) {
1299     array->obj_at_put(i, args.at(i)());
1300   }
1301   objArrayHandle launcher_args(THREAD, array);
1302 
1303   // The following call will pass all options inside the JAVA_TOOL_OPTIONS env variable to
1304   // the child process. It will also clear the _JAVA_OPTIONS and CLASSPATH env variables for
1305   // the child process.
1306   //
1307   // Note: the env variables are set only for the child process. They are not changed
1308   // for the current process. See java.lang.ProcessBuilder::environment().
1309   JavaValue result(T_OBJECT);
1310   JavaCallArguments javacall_args(2);
1311   javacall_args.push_oop(launcher);
1312   javacall_args.push_oop(launcher_args);
1313   JavaCalls::call_static(&result,
1314                           InstanceKlass::cast(k),
1315                           methodName,
1316                           methodSignature,
1317                           &javacall_args,
1318                           CHECK_0);
1319   return result.get_jint();
1320 }
1321 
1322 void AOTMetaspace::fork_and_dump_final_static_archive(TRAPS) {
1323   assert(CDSConfig::is_dumping_preimage_static_archive(), "sanity");
1324 
1325   ResourceMark rm;
1326   stringStream ss;
1327   print_java_launcher(&ss);
1328   const char* cmd = ss.freeze();
1329   tty->print_cr("Launching child process %s to assemble AOT cache %s using configuration %s", cmd, AOTCacheOutput, AOTConfiguration);
1330   int status = exec_jvm_with_java_tool_options(cmd, CHECK);
1331   if (status != 0) {
1332     log_error(aot)("Child process failed; status = %d", status);
1333     // We leave the temp config file for debugging
1334   } else if (CDSConfig::has_temp_aot_config_file()) {
1335     const char* tmp_config = AOTConfiguration;
1336     // On Windows, need WRITE permission to remove the file.
1337     WINDOWS_ONLY(chmod(tmp_config, _S_IREAD | _S_IWRITE));
1338     status = remove(tmp_config);
1339     if (status != 0) {
1340       log_error(aot)("Failed to remove temporary AOT configuration file %s", tmp_config);
1341     } else {
1342       tty->print_cr("Removed temporary AOT configuration file %s", tmp_config);
1343     }
1344   }
1345 }
1346 
1347 // Returns true if the class's status has changed.
1348 bool AOTMetaspace::try_link_class(JavaThread* current, InstanceKlass* ik) {
1349   ExceptionMark em(current);
1350   JavaThread* THREAD = current; // For exception macros.
1351   assert(CDSConfig::is_dumping_archive(), "sanity");
1352 
1353   if (ik->in_aot_cache() && !CDSConfig::is_dumping_final_static_archive()) {
1354     assert(CDSConfig::is_dumping_dynamic_archive(), "must be");
1355     return false;
1356   }
1357 
1358   if (ik->is_loaded() && !ik->is_linked() && ik->can_be_verified_at_dumptime() &&
1359       !SystemDictionaryShared::has_class_failed_verification(ik)) {
1360     bool saved = BytecodeVerificationLocal;
1361     if (ik->defined_by_other_loaders() && ik->class_loader() == nullptr) {
1362       // The verification decision is based on BytecodeVerificationRemote
1363       // for non-system classes. Since we are using the null classloader
1364       // to load non-system classes for customized class loaders during dumping,
1365       // we need to temporarily change BytecodeVerificationLocal to be the same as
1366       // BytecodeVerificationRemote. Note this can cause the parent system
1367       // classes also being verified. The extra overhead is acceptable during
1368       // dumping.
1369       BytecodeVerificationLocal = BytecodeVerificationRemote;
1370     }
1371     ik->link_class(THREAD);
1372     if (HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION) {
1373       ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
1374       oop message = java_lang_Throwable::message(current->pending_exception());
1375       aot_log_warning(aot)("Preload Warning: Verification failed for %s because a %s was thrown: %s",
1376                             ik->external_name(),
1377                             current->pending_exception()->klass()->external_name(),
1378                             message == nullptr ? "(no message)" : java_lang_String::as_utf8_string(message));
1379       CLEAR_PENDING_EXCEPTION;
1380       SystemDictionaryShared::set_class_has_failed_verification(ik);
1381     } else {
1382       assert(!SystemDictionaryShared::has_class_failed_verification(ik), "sanity");
1383       ik->compute_has_loops_flag_for_methods();
1384     }
1385     BytecodeVerificationLocal = saved;
1386     return true;
1387   } else {
1388     return false;
1389   }
1390 }
1391 
1392 void VM_PopulateDumpSharedSpace::dump_java_heap_objects() {
1393   if (CDSConfig::is_dumping_heap()) {
1394     HeapShared::write_heap(&_mapped_heap_info, &_streamed_heap_info);
1395   } else {
1396     CDSConfig::log_reasons_for_not_dumping_heap();
1397   }
1398 }
1399 
1400 void AOTMetaspace::set_aot_metaspace_range(void* base, void *static_top, void* top) {
1401   assert(base <= static_top && static_top <= top, "must be");
1402   _aot_metaspace_static_top = static_top;
1403   MetaspaceObj::set_aot_metaspace_range(base, top);
1404 }
1405 
1406 bool AOTMetaspace::in_aot_cache_dynamic_region(void* p) {
1407   if ((p < MetaspaceObj::aot_metaspace_top()) &&
1408       (p >= _aot_metaspace_static_top)) {
1409     return true;
1410   } else {
1411     return false;
1412   }
1413 }
1414 
1415 bool AOTMetaspace::in_aot_cache_static_region(void* p) {
1416   if (in_aot_cache(p) && !in_aot_cache_dynamic_region(p)) {
1417     return true;
1418   } else {
1419     return false;
1420   }
1421 }
1422 
1423 // This function is called when the JVM is unable to load the specified archive(s) due to one
1424 // of the following conditions.
1425 // - There's an error that indicates that the archive(s) files were corrupt or otherwise damaged.
1426 // - When -XX:+RequireSharedSpaces is specified, AND the JVM cannot load the archive(s) due
1427 //   to version or classpath mismatch.
1428 void AOTMetaspace::unrecoverable_loading_error(const char* message) {
1429   report_loading_error("%s", message);
1430 
1431   if (CDSConfig::is_dumping_final_static_archive()) {
1432     vm_exit_during_initialization("Must be a valid AOT configuration generated by the current JVM", AOTConfiguration);
1433   } else if (CDSConfig::new_aot_flags_used()) {
1434     vm_exit_during_initialization("Unable to use AOT cache.", nullptr);
1435   } else {
1436     vm_exit_during_initialization("Unable to use shared archive. Unrecoverable archive loading error (run with -Xlog:aot,cds for details)", message);
1437   }
1438 }
1439 
1440 void AOTMetaspace::report_loading_error(const char* format, ...) {
1441   // When using AOT cache, errors messages are always printed on the error channel.
1442   LogStream ls_aot(LogLevel::Error, LogTagSetMapping<LOG_TAGS(aot)>::tagset());
1443 
1444   // If we are loading load the default CDS archive, it may fail due to incompatible VM options.
1445   // Print at the info level to avoid excessive verbosity.
1446   // However, if the user has specified a CDS archive (or AOT cache), they would be interested in
1447   // knowing that the loading fails, so we print at the error level.
1448   LogLevelType level = (!CDSConfig::is_using_archive() || CDSConfig::is_using_only_default_archive()) ?
1449                         LogLevel::Info : LogLevel::Error;
1450   LogStream ls_cds(level, LogTagSetMapping<LOG_TAGS(cds)>::tagset());
1451 
1452   LogStream& ls = CDSConfig::new_aot_flags_used() ? ls_aot : ls_cds;
1453   if (!ls.is_enabled()) {
1454     return;
1455   }
1456 
1457   va_list ap;
1458   va_start(ap, format);
1459 
1460   static bool printed_error = false;
1461   if (!printed_error) { // No need for locks. Loading error checks happen only in main thread.
1462     ls.print_cr("An error has occurred while processing the %s. Run with -Xlog:%s for details.",
1463                 CDSConfig::type_of_archive_being_loaded(), CDSConfig::new_aot_flags_used() ? "aot" : "aot,cds");
1464     printed_error = true;
1465   }
1466   ls.vprint_cr(format, ap);
1467 
1468   va_end(ap);
1469 }
1470 
1471 // This function is called when the JVM is unable to write the specified CDS archive due to an
1472 // unrecoverable error.
1473 void AOTMetaspace::unrecoverable_writing_error(const char* message) {
1474   writing_error(message);
1475   vm_direct_exit(1);
1476 }
1477 
1478 // This function is called when the JVM is unable to write the specified CDS archive due to a
1479 // an error. The error will be propagated
1480 void AOTMetaspace::writing_error(const char* message) {
1481   aot_log_error(aot)("An error has occurred while writing the shared archive file.");
1482   if (message != nullptr) {
1483     aot_log_error(aot)("%s", message);
1484   }
1485 }
1486 
1487 void AOTMetaspace::initialize_runtime_shared_and_meta_spaces() {
1488   assert(CDSConfig::is_using_archive(), "Must be called when UseSharedSpaces is enabled");
1489   MapArchiveResult result = MAP_ARCHIVE_OTHER_FAILURE;
1490 
1491   FileMapInfo* static_mapinfo = open_static_archive();
1492   FileMapInfo* dynamic_mapinfo = nullptr;
1493 
1494   if (static_mapinfo != nullptr) {
1495     aot_log_info(aot)("Core region alignment: %zu", static_mapinfo->core_region_alignment());
1496     dynamic_mapinfo = open_dynamic_archive();
1497 
1498     aot_log_info(aot)("ArchiveRelocationMode: %d", ArchiveRelocationMode);
1499 
1500     // First try to map at the requested address
1501     result = map_archives(static_mapinfo, dynamic_mapinfo, true);
1502     if (result == MAP_ARCHIVE_MMAP_FAILURE) {
1503       // Mapping has failed (probably due to ASLR). Let's map at an address chosen
1504       // by the OS.
1505       aot_log_info(aot)("Try to map archive(s) at an alternative address");
1506       result = map_archives(static_mapinfo, dynamic_mapinfo, false);
1507     }
1508   }
1509 
1510   if (result == MAP_ARCHIVE_SUCCESS) {
1511     bool dynamic_mapped = (dynamic_mapinfo != nullptr && dynamic_mapinfo->is_mapped());
1512     char* cds_base = static_mapinfo->mapped_base();
1513     char* cds_end =  dynamic_mapped ? dynamic_mapinfo->mapped_end() : static_mapinfo->mapped_end();
1514     // Register CDS memory region with LSan.
1515     LSAN_REGISTER_ROOT_REGION(cds_base, cds_end - cds_base);
1516     set_aot_metaspace_range(cds_base, static_mapinfo->mapped_end(), cds_end);
1517     _relocation_delta = static_mapinfo->relocation_delta();
1518     _requested_base_address = static_mapinfo->requested_base_address();
1519     if (dynamic_mapped) {
1520       // turn AutoCreateSharedArchive off if successfully mapped
1521       AutoCreateSharedArchive = false;
1522     }
1523   } else {
1524     set_aot_metaspace_range(nullptr, nullptr, nullptr);
1525     if (CDSConfig::is_dumping_dynamic_archive()) {
1526       aot_log_warning(aot)("-XX:ArchiveClassesAtExit is unsupported when base CDS archive is not loaded. Run with -Xlog:cds for more info.");
1527     }
1528     UseSharedSpaces = false;
1529     // The base archive cannot be mapped. We cannot dump the dynamic shared archive.
1530     AutoCreateSharedArchive = false;
1531     CDSConfig::disable_dumping_dynamic_archive();
1532     if (PrintSharedArchiveAndExit) {
1533       AOTMetaspace::unrecoverable_loading_error("Unable to use shared archive.");
1534     } else {
1535       if (RequireSharedSpaces) {
1536         AOTMetaspace::unrecoverable_loading_error("Unable to map shared spaces");
1537       } else {
1538         report_loading_error("Unable to map shared spaces");
1539       }
1540     }
1541   }
1542 
1543   // If mapping failed and -XShare:on, the vm should exit
1544   bool has_failed = false;
1545   if (static_mapinfo != nullptr && !static_mapinfo->is_mapped()) {
1546     has_failed = true;
1547     delete static_mapinfo;
1548   }
1549   if (dynamic_mapinfo != nullptr && !dynamic_mapinfo->is_mapped()) {
1550     has_failed = true;
1551     delete dynamic_mapinfo;
1552   }
1553   if (RequireSharedSpaces && has_failed) {
1554       AOTMetaspace::unrecoverable_loading_error("Unable to map shared spaces");
1555   }
1556 }
1557 
1558 FileMapInfo* AOTMetaspace::open_static_archive() {
1559   const char* static_archive = CDSConfig::input_static_archive_path();
1560   assert(static_archive != nullptr, "sanity");
1561   FileMapInfo* mapinfo = new FileMapInfo(static_archive, true);
1562   if (!mapinfo->open_as_input()) {
1563     delete(mapinfo);
1564     log_info(cds)("Opening of static archive %s failed", static_archive);
1565     return nullptr;
1566   }
1567   return mapinfo;
1568 }
1569 
1570 FileMapInfo* AOTMetaspace::open_dynamic_archive() {
1571   if (CDSConfig::is_dumping_dynamic_archive()) {
1572     return nullptr;
1573   }
1574   const char* dynamic_archive = CDSConfig::input_dynamic_archive_path();
1575   if (dynamic_archive == nullptr) {
1576     return nullptr;
1577   }
1578 
1579   FileMapInfo* mapinfo = new FileMapInfo(dynamic_archive, false);
1580   if (!mapinfo->open_as_input()) {
1581     delete(mapinfo);
1582     if (RequireSharedSpaces) {
1583       AOTMetaspace::unrecoverable_loading_error("Failed to initialize dynamic archive");
1584     }
1585     return nullptr;
1586   }
1587   return mapinfo;
1588 }
1589 
1590 // use_requested_addr:
1591 //  true  = map at FileMapHeader::_requested_base_address
1592 //  false = map at an alternative address picked by OS.
1593 MapArchiveResult AOTMetaspace::map_archives(FileMapInfo* static_mapinfo, FileMapInfo* dynamic_mapinfo,
1594                                             bool use_requested_addr) {
1595   if (use_requested_addr && static_mapinfo->requested_base_address() == nullptr) {
1596     aot_log_info(aot)("Archive(s) were created with -XX:SharedBaseAddress=0. Always map at os-selected address.");
1597     return MAP_ARCHIVE_MMAP_FAILURE;
1598   }
1599 
1600   PRODUCT_ONLY(if (ArchiveRelocationMode == 1 && use_requested_addr) {
1601       // For product build only -- this is for benchmarking the cost of doing relocation.
1602       // For debug builds, the check is done below, after reserving the space, for better test coverage
1603       // (see comment below).
1604       aot_log_info(aot)("ArchiveRelocationMode == 1: always map archive(s) at an alternative address");
1605       return MAP_ARCHIVE_MMAP_FAILURE;
1606     });
1607 
1608   if (ArchiveRelocationMode == 2 && !use_requested_addr) {
1609     aot_log_info(aot)("ArchiveRelocationMode == 2: never map archive(s) at an alternative address");
1610     return MAP_ARCHIVE_MMAP_FAILURE;
1611   };
1612 
1613   if (dynamic_mapinfo != nullptr) {
1614     // Ensure that the OS won't be able to allocate new memory spaces between the two
1615     // archives, or else it would mess up the simple comparison in MetaspaceObj::in_aot_cache().
1616     assert(static_mapinfo->mapping_end_offset() == dynamic_mapinfo->mapping_base_offset(), "no gap");
1617   }
1618 
1619   ReservedSpace total_space_rs, archive_space_rs, class_space_rs;
1620   MapArchiveResult result = MAP_ARCHIVE_OTHER_FAILURE;
1621   size_t prot_zone_size = 0;
1622   char* mapped_base_address = reserve_address_space_for_archives(static_mapinfo,
1623                                                                  dynamic_mapinfo,
1624                                                                  use_requested_addr,
1625                                                                  total_space_rs,
1626                                                                  archive_space_rs,
1627                                                                  class_space_rs);
1628   if (mapped_base_address == nullptr) {
1629     result = MAP_ARCHIVE_MMAP_FAILURE;
1630     aot_log_debug(aot)("Failed to reserve spaces (use_requested_addr=%u)", (unsigned)use_requested_addr);
1631   } else {
1632 
1633     if (Metaspace::using_class_space()) {
1634       prot_zone_size = protection_zone_size();
1635     }
1636 
1637 #ifdef ASSERT
1638     // Some sanity checks after reserving address spaces for archives
1639     //  and class space.
1640     assert(archive_space_rs.is_reserved(), "Sanity");
1641     if (Metaspace::using_class_space()) {
1642       assert(archive_space_rs.base() == mapped_base_address &&
1643           archive_space_rs.size() > protection_zone_size(),
1644           "Archive space must lead and include the protection zone");
1645       // Class space must closely follow the archive space. Both spaces
1646       //  must be aligned correctly.
1647       assert(class_space_rs.is_reserved() && class_space_rs.size() > 0,
1648              "A class space should have been reserved");
1649       assert(class_space_rs.base() >= archive_space_rs.end(),
1650              "class space should follow the cds archive space");
1651       assert(is_aligned(archive_space_rs.base(),
1652                         core_region_alignment()),
1653              "Archive space misaligned");
1654       assert(is_aligned(class_space_rs.base(),
1655                         Metaspace::reserve_alignment()),
1656              "class space misaligned");
1657     }
1658 #endif // ASSERT
1659 
1660     aot_log_info(aot)("Reserved archive_space_rs [" INTPTR_FORMAT " - " INTPTR_FORMAT "] (%zu) bytes%s",
1661                    p2i(archive_space_rs.base()), p2i(archive_space_rs.end()), archive_space_rs.size(),
1662                    (prot_zone_size > 0 ? " (includes protection zone)" : ""));
1663     aot_log_info(aot)("Reserved class_space_rs   [" INTPTR_FORMAT " - " INTPTR_FORMAT "] (%zu) bytes",
1664                    p2i(class_space_rs.base()), p2i(class_space_rs.end()), class_space_rs.size());
1665 
1666     if (AOTMetaspace::use_windows_memory_mapping()) {
1667       // We have now reserved address space for the archives, and will map in
1668       //  the archive files into this space.
1669       //
1670       // Special handling for Windows: on Windows we cannot map a file view
1671       //  into an existing memory mapping. So, we unmap the address range we
1672       //  just reserved again, which will make it available for mapping the
1673       //  archives.
1674       // Reserving this range has not been for naught however since it makes
1675       //  us reasonably sure the address range is available.
1676       //
1677       // But still it may fail, since between unmapping the range and mapping
1678       //  in the archive someone else may grab the address space. Therefore
1679       //  there is a fallback in FileMap::map_region() where we just read in
1680       //  the archive files sequentially instead of mapping it in. We couple
1681       //  this with use_requested_addr, since we're going to patch all the
1682       //  pointers anyway so there's no benefit to mmap.
1683       if (use_requested_addr) {
1684         assert(!total_space_rs.is_reserved(), "Should not be reserved for Windows");
1685         aot_log_info(aot)("Windows mmap workaround: releasing archive space.");
1686         MemoryReserver::release(archive_space_rs);
1687         // Mark as not reserved
1688         archive_space_rs = {};
1689         // The protection zone is part of the archive:
1690         // See comment above, the Windows way of loading CDS is to mmap the individual
1691         // parts of the archive into the address region we just vacated. The protection
1692         // zone will not be mapped (and, in fact, does not exist as physical region in
1693         // the archive). Therefore, after removing the archive space above, we must
1694         // re-reserve the protection zone part lest something else gets mapped into that
1695         // area later.
1696         if (prot_zone_size > 0) {
1697           assert(prot_zone_size >= os::vm_allocation_granularity(), "must be"); // not just page size!
1698           char* p = os::attempt_reserve_memory_at(mapped_base_address, prot_zone_size,
1699                                                   mtClassShared);
1700           assert(p == mapped_base_address || p == nullptr, "must be");
1701           if (p == nullptr) {
1702             aot_log_debug(aot)("Failed to re-reserve protection zone");
1703             return MAP_ARCHIVE_MMAP_FAILURE;
1704           }
1705         }
1706       }
1707     }
1708 
1709     if (prot_zone_size > 0) {
1710       os::commit_memory(mapped_base_address, prot_zone_size, false); // will later be protected
1711       // Before mapping the core regions into the newly established address space, we mark
1712       // start and the end of the future protection zone with canaries. That way we easily
1713       // catch mapping errors (accidentally mapping data into the future protection zone).
1714       *(mapped_base_address) = 'P';
1715       *(mapped_base_address + prot_zone_size - 1) = 'P';
1716     }
1717 
1718     MapArchiveResult static_result = map_archive(static_mapinfo, mapped_base_address, archive_space_rs);
1719     MapArchiveResult dynamic_result = (static_result == MAP_ARCHIVE_SUCCESS) ?
1720                                      map_archive(dynamic_mapinfo, mapped_base_address, archive_space_rs) : MAP_ARCHIVE_OTHER_FAILURE;
1721 
1722     DEBUG_ONLY(if (ArchiveRelocationMode == 1 && use_requested_addr) {
1723       // This is for simulating mmap failures at the requested address. In
1724       //  debug builds, we do it here (after all archives have possibly been
1725       //  mapped), so we can thoroughly test the code for failure handling
1726       //  (releasing all allocated resource, etc).
1727       aot_log_info(aot)("ArchiveRelocationMode == 1: always map archive(s) at an alternative address");
1728       if (static_result == MAP_ARCHIVE_SUCCESS) {
1729         static_result = MAP_ARCHIVE_MMAP_FAILURE;
1730       }
1731       if (dynamic_result == MAP_ARCHIVE_SUCCESS) {
1732         dynamic_result = MAP_ARCHIVE_MMAP_FAILURE;
1733       }
1734     });
1735 
1736     if (static_result == MAP_ARCHIVE_SUCCESS) {
1737       if (dynamic_result == MAP_ARCHIVE_SUCCESS) {
1738         result = MAP_ARCHIVE_SUCCESS;
1739       } else if (dynamic_result == MAP_ARCHIVE_OTHER_FAILURE) {
1740         assert(dynamic_mapinfo != nullptr && !dynamic_mapinfo->is_mapped(), "must have failed");
1741         // No need to retry mapping the dynamic archive again, as it will never succeed
1742         // (bad file, etc) -- just keep the base archive.
1743         log_warning(cds, dynamic)("Unable to use shared archive. The top archive failed to load: %s",
1744                                   dynamic_mapinfo->full_path());
1745         result = MAP_ARCHIVE_SUCCESS;
1746         // TODO, we can give the unused space for the dynamic archive to class_space_rs, but there's no
1747         // easy API to do that right now.
1748       } else {
1749         result = MAP_ARCHIVE_MMAP_FAILURE;
1750       }
1751     } else if (static_result == MAP_ARCHIVE_OTHER_FAILURE) {
1752       result = MAP_ARCHIVE_OTHER_FAILURE;
1753     } else {
1754       result = MAP_ARCHIVE_MMAP_FAILURE;
1755     }
1756   }
1757 
1758   if (result == MAP_ARCHIVE_SUCCESS) {
1759     SharedBaseAddress = (size_t)mapped_base_address;
1760 #ifdef _LP64
1761     if (Metaspace::using_class_space()) {
1762       assert(prot_zone_size > 0 &&
1763              *(mapped_base_address) == 'P' &&
1764              *(mapped_base_address + prot_zone_size - 1) == 'P',
1765              "Protection zone was overwritten?");
1766       // Set up ccs in metaspace.
1767       Metaspace::initialize_class_space(class_space_rs);
1768 
1769       // Set up compressed Klass pointer encoding: the encoding range must
1770       //  cover both archive and class space.
1771       const address klass_range_start = (address)mapped_base_address;
1772       const size_t klass_range_size = (address)class_space_rs.end() - klass_range_start;
1773       if (INCLUDE_CDS_JAVA_HEAP || UseCompactObjectHeaders) {
1774         // The CDS archive may contain narrow Klass IDs that were precomputed at archive generation time:
1775         // - every archived java object header (only if INCLUDE_CDS_JAVA_HEAP)
1776         // - every archived Klass' prototype   (only if +UseCompactObjectHeaders)
1777         //
1778         // In order for those IDs to still be valid, we need to dictate base and shift: base should be the
1779         // mapping start (including protection zone), shift should be the shift used at archive generation time.
1780         CompressedKlassPointers::initialize_for_given_encoding(
1781           klass_range_start, klass_range_size,
1782           klass_range_start, ArchiveBuilder::precomputed_narrow_klass_shift() // precomputed encoding, see ArchiveBuilder
1783         );
1784         assert(CompressedKlassPointers::base() == klass_range_start, "must be");
1785       } else {
1786         // Let JVM freely choose encoding base and shift
1787         CompressedKlassPointers::initialize(klass_range_start, klass_range_size);
1788         assert(CompressedKlassPointers::base() == nullptr ||
1789                CompressedKlassPointers::base() == klass_range_start, "must be");
1790       }
1791       // Establish protection zone, but only if we need one
1792       if (CompressedKlassPointers::base() == klass_range_start) {
1793         CompressedKlassPointers::establish_protection_zone(klass_range_start, prot_zone_size);
1794       }
1795 
1796       if (static_mapinfo->can_use_heap_region()) {
1797         if (static_mapinfo->object_streaming_mode()) {
1798           HeapShared::initialize_loading_mode(HeapArchiveMode::_streaming);
1799         } else {
1800           // map_or_load_heap_region() compares the current narrow oop and klass encodings
1801           // with the archived ones, so it must be done after all encodings are determined.
1802           static_mapinfo->map_or_load_heap_region();
1803           HeapShared::initialize_loading_mode(HeapArchiveMode::_mapping);
1804         }
1805       } else {
1806         FileMapRegion* r = static_mapinfo->region_at(AOTMetaspace::hp);
1807         if (r->used() > 0) {
1808           if (static_mapinfo->object_streaming_mode()) {
1809             AOTMetaspace::report_loading_error("Cannot use CDS heap data.");
1810           } else {
1811             if (!UseCompressedOops && !AOTMappedHeapLoader::can_map()) {
1812               AOTMetaspace::report_loading_error("Cannot use CDS heap data. Selected GC not compatible -XX:-UseCompressedOops");
1813             } else {
1814               AOTMetaspace::report_loading_error("Cannot use CDS heap data. UseEpsilonGC, UseG1GC, UseSerialGC, UseParallelGC, or UseShenandoahGC are required.");
1815             }
1816           }
1817         }
1818       }
1819     }
1820 #endif // _LP64
1821     log_info(aot)("initial optimized module handling: %s", CDSConfig::is_using_optimized_module_handling() ? "enabled" : "disabled");
1822     log_info(aot)("initial full module graph: %s", CDSConfig::is_using_full_module_graph() ? "enabled" : "disabled");
1823   } else {
1824     unmap_archive(static_mapinfo);
1825     unmap_archive(dynamic_mapinfo);
1826     release_reserved_spaces(total_space_rs, archive_space_rs, class_space_rs);
1827   }
1828 
1829   return result;
1830 }
1831 
1832 
1833 // This will reserve two address spaces suitable to house Klass structures, one
1834 //  for the cds archives (static archive and optionally dynamic archive) and
1835 //  optionally one move for ccs.
1836 //
1837 // Since both spaces must fall within the compressed class pointer encoding
1838 //  range, they are allocated close to each other.
1839 //
1840 // Space for archives will be reserved first, followed by a potential gap,
1841 //  followed by the space for ccs:
1842 //
1843 // +-- Base address             A        B                     End
1844 // |                            |        |                      |
1845 // v                            v        v                      v
1846 // +-------------+--------------+        +----------------------+
1847 // | static arc  | [dyn. arch]  | [gap]  | compr. class space   |
1848 // +-------------+--------------+        +----------------------+
1849 //
1850 // (The gap may result from different alignment requirements between metaspace
1851 //  and CDS)
1852 //
1853 // If UseCompressedClassPointers is disabled, only one address space will be
1854 //  reserved:
1855 //
1856 // +-- Base address             End
1857 // |                            |
1858 // v                            v
1859 // +-------------+--------------+
1860 // | static arc  | [dyn. arch]  |
1861 // +-------------+--------------+
1862 //
1863 // Base address: If use_archive_base_addr address is true, the Base address is
1864 //  determined by the address stored in the static archive. If
1865 //  use_archive_base_addr address is false, this base address is determined
1866 //  by the platform.
1867 //
1868 // If UseCompressedClassPointers=1, the range encompassing both spaces will be
1869 //  suitable to en/decode narrow Klass pointers: the base will be valid for
1870 //  encoding, the range [Base, End) and not surpass the max. range for that encoding.
1871 //
1872 // Return:
1873 //
1874 // - On success:
1875 //    - total_space_rs will be reserved as whole for archive_space_rs and
1876 //      class_space_rs if UseCompressedClassPointers is true.
1877 //      On Windows, try reserve archive_space_rs and class_space_rs
1878 //      separately first if use_archive_base_addr is true.
1879 //    - archive_space_rs will be reserved and large enough to host static and
1880 //      if needed dynamic archive: [Base, A).
1881 //      archive_space_rs.base and size will be aligned to CDS reserve
1882 //      granularity.
1883 //    - class_space_rs: If UseCompressedClassPointers=1, class_space_rs will
1884 //      be reserved. Its start address will be aligned to metaspace reserve
1885 //      alignment, which may differ from CDS alignment. It will follow the cds
1886 //      archive space, close enough such that narrow class pointer encoding
1887 //      covers both spaces.
1888 //      If UseCompressedClassPointers=0, class_space_rs remains unreserved.
1889 // - On error: null is returned and the spaces remain unreserved.
1890 char* AOTMetaspace::reserve_address_space_for_archives(FileMapInfo* static_mapinfo,
1891                                                        FileMapInfo* dynamic_mapinfo,
1892                                                        bool use_archive_base_addr,
1893                                                        ReservedSpace& total_space_rs,
1894                                                        ReservedSpace& archive_space_rs,
1895                                                        ReservedSpace& class_space_rs) {
1896 
1897   address const base_address = (address) (use_archive_base_addr ? static_mapinfo->requested_base_address() : nullptr);
1898   const size_t archive_space_alignment = core_region_alignment();
1899 
1900   // Size and requested location of the archive_space_rs (for both static and dynamic archives)
1901   size_t archive_end_offset  = (dynamic_mapinfo == nullptr) ? static_mapinfo->mapping_end_offset() : dynamic_mapinfo->mapping_end_offset();
1902   size_t archive_space_size = align_up(archive_end_offset, archive_space_alignment);
1903 
1904   if (!Metaspace::using_class_space()) {
1905     // Get the simple case out of the way first:
1906     // no compressed class space, simple allocation.
1907 
1908     // When running without class space, requested archive base should be aligned to cds core alignment.
1909     assert(is_aligned(base_address, archive_space_alignment),
1910              "Archive base address unaligned: " PTR_FORMAT ", needs alignment: %zu.",
1911              p2i(base_address), archive_space_alignment);
1912 
1913     archive_space_rs = MemoryReserver::reserve((char*)base_address,
1914                                                archive_space_size,
1915                                                archive_space_alignment,
1916                                                os::vm_page_size(),
1917                                                mtNone);
1918     if (archive_space_rs.is_reserved()) {
1919       assert(base_address == nullptr ||
1920              (address)archive_space_rs.base() == base_address, "Sanity");
1921       // Register archive space with NMT.
1922       MemTracker::record_virtual_memory_tag(archive_space_rs, mtClassShared);
1923       return archive_space_rs.base();
1924     }
1925     return nullptr;
1926   }
1927 
1928 #ifdef _LP64
1929 
1930   // Complex case: two spaces adjacent to each other, both to be addressable
1931   //  with narrow class pointers.
1932   // We reserve the whole range spanning both spaces, then split that range up.
1933 
1934   const size_t class_space_alignment = Metaspace::reserve_alignment();
1935 
1936   // When running with class space, requested archive base must satisfy both cds core alignment
1937   // and class space alignment.
1938   const size_t base_address_alignment = MAX2(class_space_alignment, archive_space_alignment);
1939   assert(is_aligned(base_address, base_address_alignment),
1940            "Archive base address unaligned: " PTR_FORMAT ", needs alignment: %zu.",
1941            p2i(base_address), base_address_alignment);
1942 
1943   size_t class_space_size = CompressedClassSpaceSize;
1944   assert(CompressedClassSpaceSize > 0 &&
1945          is_aligned(CompressedClassSpaceSize, class_space_alignment),
1946          "CompressedClassSpaceSize malformed: %zu", CompressedClassSpaceSize);
1947 
1948   const size_t ccs_begin_offset = align_up(archive_space_size, class_space_alignment);
1949   const size_t gap_size = ccs_begin_offset - archive_space_size;
1950 
1951   // Reduce class space size if it would not fit into the Klass encoding range
1952   constexpr size_t max_encoding_range_size = 4 * G;
1953   guarantee(archive_space_size < max_encoding_range_size - class_space_alignment, "Archive too large");
1954   if ((archive_space_size + gap_size + class_space_size) > max_encoding_range_size) {
1955     class_space_size = align_down(max_encoding_range_size - archive_space_size - gap_size, class_space_alignment);
1956     log_info(metaspace)("CDS initialization: reducing class space size from %zu to %zu",
1957         CompressedClassSpaceSize, class_space_size);
1958     FLAG_SET_ERGO(CompressedClassSpaceSize, class_space_size);
1959   }
1960 
1961   const size_t total_range_size =
1962       archive_space_size + gap_size + class_space_size;
1963 
1964   // Test that class space base address plus shift can be decoded by aarch64, when restored.
1965   const int precomputed_narrow_klass_shift = ArchiveBuilder::precomputed_narrow_klass_shift();
1966   if (!CompressedKlassPointers::check_klass_decode_mode(base_address, precomputed_narrow_klass_shift,
1967                                                         total_range_size)) {
1968     aot_log_info(aot)("CDS initialization: Cannot use SharedBaseAddress " PTR_FORMAT " with precomputed shift %d.",
1969                   p2i(base_address), precomputed_narrow_klass_shift);
1970     use_archive_base_addr = false;
1971   }
1972 
1973   assert(total_range_size > ccs_begin_offset, "must be");
1974   if (use_windows_memory_mapping() && use_archive_base_addr) {
1975     if (base_address != nullptr) {
1976       // On Windows, we cannot safely split a reserved memory space into two (see JDK-8255917).
1977       // Hence, we optimistically reserve archive space and class space side-by-side. We only
1978       // do this for use_archive_base_addr=true since for use_archive_base_addr=false case
1979       // caller will not split the combined space for mapping, instead read the archive data
1980       // via sequential file IO.
1981       address ccs_base = base_address + archive_space_size + gap_size;
1982       archive_space_rs = MemoryReserver::reserve((char*)base_address,
1983                                                  archive_space_size,
1984                                                  archive_space_alignment,
1985                                                  os::vm_page_size(),
1986                                                  mtNone);
1987       class_space_rs   = MemoryReserver::reserve((char*)ccs_base,
1988                                                  class_space_size,
1989                                                  class_space_alignment,
1990                                                  os::vm_page_size(),
1991                                                  mtNone);
1992     }
1993     if (!archive_space_rs.is_reserved() || !class_space_rs.is_reserved()) {
1994       release_reserved_spaces(total_space_rs, archive_space_rs, class_space_rs);
1995       return nullptr;
1996     }
1997     MemTracker::record_virtual_memory_tag(archive_space_rs, mtClassShared);
1998     MemTracker::record_virtual_memory_tag(class_space_rs, mtClass);
1999   } else {
2000     if (use_archive_base_addr && base_address != nullptr) {
2001       total_space_rs = MemoryReserver::reserve((char*) base_address,
2002                                                total_range_size,
2003                                                base_address_alignment,
2004                                                os::vm_page_size(),
2005                                                mtNone);
2006     } else {
2007       // We did not manage to reserve at the preferred address, or were instructed to relocate. In that
2008       // case we reserve wherever possible, but the start address needs to be encodable as narrow Klass
2009       // encoding base since the archived heap objects contain narrow Klass IDs pre-calculated toward the start
2010       // of the shared Metaspace. That prevents us from using zero-based encoding and therefore we won't
2011       // try allocating in low-address regions.
2012       total_space_rs = Metaspace::reserve_address_space_for_compressed_classes(total_range_size, false /* optimize_for_zero_base */);
2013     }
2014 
2015     if (!total_space_rs.is_reserved()) {
2016       return nullptr;
2017     }
2018 
2019     // Paranoid checks:
2020     assert(!use_archive_base_addr || (address)total_space_rs.base() == base_address,
2021            "Sanity (" PTR_FORMAT " vs " PTR_FORMAT ")", p2i(base_address), p2i(total_space_rs.base()));
2022     assert(is_aligned(total_space_rs.base(), base_address_alignment), "Sanity");
2023     assert(total_space_rs.size() == total_range_size, "Sanity");
2024 
2025     // Now split up the space into ccs and cds archive. For simplicity, just leave
2026     //  the gap reserved at the end of the archive space. Do not do real splitting.
2027     archive_space_rs = total_space_rs.first_part(ccs_begin_offset,
2028                                                  (size_t)archive_space_alignment);
2029     class_space_rs = total_space_rs.last_part(ccs_begin_offset);
2030     MemTracker::record_virtual_memory_split_reserved(total_space_rs.base(), total_space_rs.size(),
2031                                                      ccs_begin_offset, mtClassShared, mtClass);
2032   }
2033   assert(is_aligned(archive_space_rs.base(), archive_space_alignment), "Sanity");
2034   assert(is_aligned(archive_space_rs.size(), archive_space_alignment), "Sanity");
2035   assert(is_aligned(class_space_rs.base(), class_space_alignment), "Sanity");
2036   assert(is_aligned(class_space_rs.size(), class_space_alignment), "Sanity");
2037 
2038 
2039   return archive_space_rs.base();
2040 
2041 #else
2042   ShouldNotReachHere();
2043   return nullptr;
2044 #endif
2045 
2046 }
2047 
2048 void AOTMetaspace::release_reserved_spaces(ReservedSpace& total_space_rs,
2049                                            ReservedSpace& archive_space_rs,
2050                                            ReservedSpace& class_space_rs) {
2051   if (total_space_rs.is_reserved()) {
2052     aot_log_debug(aot)("Released shared space (archive + class) " INTPTR_FORMAT, p2i(total_space_rs.base()));
2053     MemoryReserver::release(total_space_rs);
2054     total_space_rs = {};
2055   } else {
2056     if (archive_space_rs.is_reserved()) {
2057       aot_log_debug(aot)("Released shared space (archive) " INTPTR_FORMAT, p2i(archive_space_rs.base()));
2058       MemoryReserver::release(archive_space_rs);
2059       archive_space_rs = {};
2060     }
2061     if (class_space_rs.is_reserved()) {
2062       aot_log_debug(aot)("Released shared space (classes) " INTPTR_FORMAT, p2i(class_space_rs.base()));
2063       MemoryReserver::release(class_space_rs);
2064       class_space_rs = {};
2065     }
2066   }
2067 }
2068 
2069 static int archive_regions[]     = { AOTMetaspace::rw, AOTMetaspace::ro };
2070 static int archive_regions_count = 2;
2071 
2072 MapArchiveResult AOTMetaspace::map_archive(FileMapInfo* mapinfo, char* mapped_base_address, ReservedSpace rs) {
2073   assert(CDSConfig::is_using_archive(), "must be runtime");
2074   if (mapinfo == nullptr) {
2075     return MAP_ARCHIVE_SUCCESS; // The dynamic archive has not been specified. No error has happened -- trivially succeeded.
2076   }
2077 
2078   mapinfo->set_is_mapped(false);
2079   if (mapinfo->core_region_alignment() != (size_t)core_region_alignment()) {
2080     report_loading_error("Unable to map CDS archive -- core_region_alignment() expected: %zu"
2081                          " actual: %zu", mapinfo->core_region_alignment(), core_region_alignment());
2082     return MAP_ARCHIVE_OTHER_FAILURE;
2083   }
2084 
2085   MapArchiveResult result =
2086     mapinfo->map_regions(archive_regions, archive_regions_count, mapped_base_address, rs);
2087 
2088   if (result != MAP_ARCHIVE_SUCCESS) {
2089     unmap_archive(mapinfo);
2090     return result;
2091   }
2092 
2093   if (!mapinfo->validate_class_location()) {
2094     unmap_archive(mapinfo);
2095     return MAP_ARCHIVE_OTHER_FAILURE;
2096   }
2097 
2098   if (mapinfo->is_static()) {
2099     // Currently, only static archive uses early serialized data.
2100     char* buffer = mapinfo->early_serialized_data();
2101     intptr_t* array = (intptr_t*)buffer;
2102     ReadClosure rc(&array, (intptr_t)mapped_base_address);
2103     early_serialize(&rc);
2104   }
2105 
2106   if (!mapinfo->validate_aot_class_linking()) {
2107     unmap_archive(mapinfo);
2108     return MAP_ARCHIVE_OTHER_FAILURE;
2109   }
2110 
2111   mapinfo->set_is_mapped(true);
2112   return MAP_ARCHIVE_SUCCESS;
2113 }
2114 
2115 void AOTMetaspace::unmap_archive(FileMapInfo* mapinfo) {
2116   assert(CDSConfig::is_using_archive(), "must be runtime");
2117   if (mapinfo != nullptr) {
2118     mapinfo->unmap_regions(archive_regions, archive_regions_count);
2119     mapinfo->unmap_region(AOTMetaspace::bm);
2120     mapinfo->set_is_mapped(false);
2121   }
2122 }
2123 
2124 // For -XX:PrintSharedArchiveAndExit
2125 class CountSharedSymbols : public SymbolClosure {
2126  private:
2127    size_t _count;
2128  public:
2129    CountSharedSymbols() : _count(0) {}
2130   void do_symbol(Symbol** sym) {
2131     _count++;
2132   }
2133   size_t total() { return _count; }
2134 
2135 };
2136 
2137 // Read the miscellaneous data from the shared file, and
2138 // serialize it out to its various destinations.
2139 
2140 void AOTMetaspace::initialize_shared_spaces() {
2141   FileMapInfo *static_mapinfo = FileMapInfo::current_info();
2142   FileMapInfo *dynamic_mapinfo = FileMapInfo::dynamic_info();
2143 
2144   // Verify various attributes of the archive, plus initialize the
2145   // shared string/symbol tables.
2146   char* buffer = static_mapinfo->serialized_data();
2147   intptr_t* array = (intptr_t*)buffer;
2148   ReadClosure rc(&array, (intptr_t)SharedBaseAddress);
2149   serialize(&rc);
2150 
2151   // Finish initializing the heap dump mode used in the archive
2152   // Heap initialization can be done only after vtables are initialized by ReadClosure.
2153   HeapShared::finalize_initialization(static_mapinfo);
2154   Universe::load_archived_object_instances();
2155 
2156   AOTCodeCache::initialize();
2157 
2158   if (dynamic_mapinfo != nullptr) {
2159     intptr_t* buffer = (intptr_t*)dynamic_mapinfo->serialized_data();
2160     ReadClosure rc(&buffer, (intptr_t)SharedBaseAddress);
2161     DynamicArchive::serialize(&rc);
2162     DynamicArchive::setup_array_klasses();
2163   }
2164 
2165   LogStreamHandle(Info, aot) lsh;
2166   if (lsh.is_enabled()) {
2167     lsh.print("Using AOT-linked classes: %s (static archive: %s aot-linked classes",
2168               BOOL_TO_STR(CDSConfig::is_using_aot_linked_classes()),
2169               static_mapinfo->header()->has_aot_linked_classes() ? "has" : "no");
2170     if (dynamic_mapinfo != nullptr) {
2171       lsh.print(", dynamic archive: %s aot-linked classes",
2172                 dynamic_mapinfo->header()->has_aot_linked_classes() ? "has" : "no");
2173     }
2174     lsh.print_cr(")");
2175   }
2176 
2177   // Set up LambdaFormInvokers::_lambdaform_lines for dynamic dump
2178   if (CDSConfig::is_dumping_dynamic_archive()) {
2179     // Read stored LF format lines stored in static archive
2180     LambdaFormInvokers::read_static_archive_invokers();
2181   }
2182 
2183   if (PrintSharedArchiveAndExit) {
2184     // Print archive names
2185     if (dynamic_mapinfo != nullptr) {
2186       tty->print_cr("\n\nBase archive name: %s", CDSConfig::input_static_archive_path());
2187       tty->print_cr("Base archive version %d", static_mapinfo->version());
2188     } else {
2189       tty->print_cr("Static archive name: %s", static_mapinfo->full_path());
2190       tty->print_cr("Static archive version %d", static_mapinfo->version());
2191     }
2192 
2193     SystemDictionaryShared::print_shared_archive(tty);
2194     if (dynamic_mapinfo != nullptr) {
2195       tty->print_cr("\n\nDynamic archive name: %s", dynamic_mapinfo->full_path());
2196       tty->print_cr("Dynamic archive version %d", dynamic_mapinfo->version());
2197       SystemDictionaryShared::print_shared_archive(tty, false/*dynamic*/);
2198     }
2199 
2200     TrainingData::print_archived_training_data_on(tty);
2201 
2202     AOTCodeCache::print_on(tty);
2203 
2204     // collect shared symbols and strings
2205     CountSharedSymbols cl;
2206     SymbolTable::shared_symbols_do(&cl);
2207     tty->print_cr("Number of shared symbols: %zu", cl.total());
2208     if (HeapShared::is_loading() && HeapShared::is_loading_mapping_mode()) {
2209       tty->print_cr("Number of shared strings: %zu", StringTable::shared_entry_count());
2210     }
2211     tty->print_cr("VM version: %s\r\n", static_mapinfo->vm_version());
2212     if (FileMapInfo::current_info() == nullptr || _archive_loading_failed) {
2213       tty->print_cr("archive is invalid");
2214       vm_exit(1);
2215     } else {
2216       tty->print_cr("archive is valid");
2217       vm_exit(0);
2218     }
2219   }
2220 }
2221 
2222 // JVM/TI RedefineClasses() support:
2223 bool AOTMetaspace::remap_shared_readonly_as_readwrite() {
2224   assert(SafepointSynchronize::is_at_safepoint(), "must be at safepoint");
2225 
2226   if (CDSConfig::is_using_archive()) {
2227     // remap the shared readonly space to shared readwrite, private
2228     FileMapInfo* mapinfo = FileMapInfo::current_info();
2229     if (!mapinfo->remap_shared_readonly_as_readwrite()) {
2230       return false;
2231     }
2232     if (FileMapInfo::dynamic_info() != nullptr) {
2233       mapinfo = FileMapInfo::dynamic_info();
2234       if (!mapinfo->remap_shared_readonly_as_readwrite()) {
2235         return false;
2236       }
2237     }
2238     _remapped_readwrite = true;
2239   }
2240   return true;
2241 }
2242 
2243 void AOTMetaspace::print_on(outputStream* st) {
2244   if (CDSConfig::is_using_archive()) {
2245     st->print("CDS archive(s) mapped at: ");
2246     address base = (address)MetaspaceObj::aot_metaspace_base();
2247     address static_top = (address)_aot_metaspace_static_top;
2248     address top = (address)MetaspaceObj::aot_metaspace_top();
2249     st->print("[" PTR_FORMAT "-" PTR_FORMAT "-" PTR_FORMAT "), ", p2i(base), p2i(static_top), p2i(top));
2250     st->print("size %zu, ", top - base);
2251     st->print("SharedBaseAddress: " PTR_FORMAT ", ArchiveRelocationMode: %d.", SharedBaseAddress, ArchiveRelocationMode);
2252   } else {
2253     st->print("CDS archive(s) not mapped");
2254   }
2255   st->cr();
2256 }