1 /*
   2  * Copyright (c) 2012, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
   3  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
   4  *
   5  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
   6  * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
   7  * published by the Free Software Foundation.
   8  *
   9  * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
  10  * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
  11  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
  12  * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
  13  * accompanied this code).
  14  *
  15  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
  16  * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
  17  * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
  18  *
  19  * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
  20  * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
  21  * questions.
  22  *
  23  */
  24 
  25 #include "cds/aotArtifactFinder.hpp"
  26 #include "cds/aotClassInitializer.hpp"
  27 #include "cds/aotClassLinker.hpp"
  28 #include "cds/aotClassLocation.hpp"
  29 #include "cds/aotConstantPoolResolver.hpp"
  30 #include "cds/aotLinkedClassBulkLoader.hpp"
  31 #include "cds/aotLogging.hpp"
  32 #include "cds/aotMapLogger.hpp"
  33 #include "cds/aotMappedHeapLoader.hpp"
  34 #include "cds/aotMetaspace.hpp"
  35 #include "cds/aotReferenceObjSupport.hpp"
  36 #include "cds/archiveBuilder.hpp"
  37 #include "cds/cds_globals.hpp"
  38 #include "cds/cdsConfig.hpp"
  39 #include "cds/cdsProtectionDomain.hpp"
  40 #include "cds/classListParser.hpp"
  41 #include "cds/classListWriter.hpp"
  42 #include "cds/cppVtables.hpp"
  43 #include "cds/dumpAllocStats.hpp"
  44 #include "cds/dynamicArchive.hpp"
  45 #include "cds/filemap.hpp"
  46 #include "cds/finalImageRecipes.hpp"
  47 #include "cds/heapShared.inline.hpp"
  48 #include "cds/lambdaFormInvokers.hpp"
  49 #include "cds/lambdaProxyClassDictionary.hpp"
  50 #include "classfile/classLoaderDataGraph.hpp"
  51 #include "classfile/classLoaderDataShared.hpp"
  52 #include "classfile/javaClasses.inline.hpp"
  53 #include "classfile/loaderConstraints.hpp"
  54 #include "classfile/modules.hpp"
  55 #include "classfile/placeholders.hpp"
  56 #include "classfile/stringTable.hpp"
  57 #include "classfile/symbolTable.hpp"
  58 #include "classfile/systemDictionary.hpp"
  59 #include "classfile/systemDictionaryShared.hpp"
  60 #include "classfile/vmClasses.hpp"
  61 #include "classfile/vmSymbols.hpp"
  62 #include "code/aotCodeCache.hpp"
  63 #include "code/codeCache.hpp"
  64 #include "gc/shared/gcVMOperations.hpp"
  65 #include "interpreter/bytecodes.hpp"
  66 #include "interpreter/bytecodeStream.hpp"
  67 #include "jvm_io.h"
  68 #include "logging/log.hpp"
  69 #include "logging/logMessage.hpp"
  70 #include "logging/logStream.hpp"
  71 #include "memory/memoryReserver.hpp"
  72 #include "memory/metaspace.hpp"
  73 #include "memory/metaspaceClosure.hpp"
  74 #include "memory/oopFactory.hpp"
  75 #include "memory/resourceArea.hpp"
  76 #include "memory/universe.hpp"
  77 #include "nmt/memTracker.hpp"
  78 #include "oops/compressedKlass.hpp"
  79 #include "oops/constantPool.inline.hpp"
  80 #include "oops/instanceMirrorKlass.hpp"
  81 #include "oops/klass.inline.hpp"
  82 #include "oops/objArrayOop.hpp"
  83 #include "oops/oop.inline.hpp"
  84 #include "oops/oopHandle.hpp"
  85 #include "oops/resolvedFieldEntry.hpp"
  86 #include "oops/trainingData.hpp"
  87 #include "prims/jvmtiExport.hpp"
  88 #include "runtime/arguments.hpp"
  89 #include "runtime/globals.hpp"
  90 #include "runtime/globals_extension.hpp"
  91 #include "runtime/handles.inline.hpp"
  92 #include "runtime/javaCalls.hpp"
  93 #include "runtime/os.inline.hpp"
  94 #include "runtime/safepointVerifiers.hpp"
  95 #include "runtime/sharedRuntime.hpp"
  96 #include "runtime/vmOperations.hpp"
  97 #include "runtime/vmThread.hpp"
  98 #include "sanitizers/leak.hpp"
  99 #include "services/management.hpp"
 100 #include "utilities/align.hpp"
 101 #include "utilities/bitMap.inline.hpp"
 102 #include "utilities/defaultStream.hpp"
 103 #include "utilities/hashTable.hpp"
 104 #include "utilities/macros.hpp"
 105 #include "utilities/ostream.hpp"
 106 
 107 #include <sys/stat.h>
 108 
 109 ReservedSpace AOTMetaspace::_symbol_rs;
 110 VirtualSpace AOTMetaspace::_symbol_vs;
 111 bool AOTMetaspace::_archive_loading_failed = false;
 112 bool AOTMetaspace::_remapped_readwrite = false;
 113 void* AOTMetaspace::_aot_metaspace_static_top = nullptr;
 114 intx AOTMetaspace::_relocation_delta;
 115 char* AOTMetaspace::_requested_base_address;
 116 Array<Method*>* AOTMetaspace::_archived_method_handle_intrinsics = nullptr;
 117 bool AOTMetaspace::_use_optimized_module_handling = true;
 118 int volatile AOTMetaspace::_preimage_static_archive_dumped = 0;
 119 FileMapInfo* AOTMetaspace::_output_mapinfo = nullptr;
 120 
 121 // The CDS archive is divided into the following regions:
 122 //     rw  - read-write metadata
 123 //     ro  - read-only metadata and read-only tables
 124 //     hp  - heap region
 125 //     bm  - bitmap for relocating the above 7 regions.
 126 //
 127 // The rw and ro regions are linearly allocated, in the order of rw->ro.
 128 // These regions are aligned with AOTMetaspace::core_region_alignment().
 129 //
 130 // These 2 regions are populated in the following steps:
 131 // [0] All classes are loaded in AOTMetaspace::load_classes(). All metadata are
 132 //     temporarily allocated outside of the shared regions.
 133 // [1] We enter a safepoint and allocate a buffer for the rw/ro regions.
 134 // [2] C++ vtables are copied into the rw region.
 135 // [3] ArchiveBuilder copies RW metadata into the rw region.
 136 // [4] ArchiveBuilder copies RO metadata into the ro region.
 137 // [5] SymbolTable, StringTable, SystemDictionary, and a few other read-only data
 138 //     are copied into the ro region as read-only tables.
 139 //
 140 // The heap region is written by HeapShared::write_heap().
 141 //
 142 // The bitmap region is used to relocate the ro/rw/hp regions.
 143 
 144 static DumpRegion _symbol_region("symbols");
 145 
 146 char* AOTMetaspace::symbol_space_alloc(size_t num_bytes) {
 147   return _symbol_region.allocate(num_bytes);
 148 }
 149 
 150 // os::vm_allocation_granularity() is usually 4K for most OSes. However, some platforms
 151 // such as linux-aarch64 and macos-x64 ...
 152 // it can be either 4K or 64K and on macos-aarch64 it is 16K. To generate archives that are
 153 // compatible for both settings, an alternative cds core region alignment can be enabled
 154 // at building time:
 155 //   --enable-compactible-cds-alignment
 156 // Upon successful configuration, the compactible alignment then can be defined in:
 157 //   os_linux_aarch64.cpp
 158 //   os_bsd_x86.cpp
 159 size_t AOTMetaspace::core_region_alignment() {
 160   return os::cds_core_region_alignment();
 161 }
 162 
 163 size_t AOTMetaspace::protection_zone_size() {
 164   return os::cds_core_region_alignment();
 165 }
 166 
 167 bool AOTMetaspace::shared_base_valid(char* shared_base) {
 168   // We check user input for SharedBaseAddress at dump time.
 169 
 170   // At CDS runtime, "shared_base" will be the (attempted) mapping start. It will also
 171   // be the encoding base, since the headers of archived base objects (and with Lilliput,
 172   // the prototype mark words) carry pre-computed narrow Klass IDs that refer to the mapping
 173   // start as base.
 174   //
 175   // The "shared_base" may not be later usable as encoding base, depending on the
 176   // total size of the reserved area and the precomputed_narrow_klass_shift. This is checked
 177   // before reserving memory.  Here we weed out values already known to be invalid later.
 178   // Since we cannot predict the range, we use the full maximum encoding range
 179   // (4G).
 180   constexpr size_t range = 4 * G;
 181   address addr = (address)shared_base;
 182   const int shift = ArchiveBuilder::precomputed_narrow_klass_shift();
 183   return CompressedKlassPointers::check_klass_decode_mode(addr, shift, range);
 184 }
 185 
 186 class DumpClassListCLDClosure : public CLDClosure {
 187   static const int INITIAL_TABLE_SIZE = 1987;
 188   static const int MAX_TABLE_SIZE = 61333;
 189 
 190   fileStream *_stream;
 191   ResizeableHashTable<InstanceKlass*, bool,
 192                               AnyObj::C_HEAP, mtClassShared> _dumped_classes;
 193 
 194   void dump(InstanceKlass* ik) {
 195     bool created;
 196     _dumped_classes.put_if_absent(ik, &created);
 197     if (!created) {
 198       return;
 199     }
 200     if (_dumped_classes.maybe_grow()) {
 201       log_info(aot, hashtables)("Expanded _dumped_classes table to %d", _dumped_classes.table_size());
 202     }
 203     if (ik->super()) {
 204       dump(ik->super());
 205     }
 206     Array<InstanceKlass*>* interfaces = ik->local_interfaces();
 207     int len = interfaces->length();
 208     for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {
 209       dump(interfaces->at(i));
 210     }
 211     ClassListWriter::write_to_stream(ik, _stream);
 212   }
 213 
 214 public:
 215   DumpClassListCLDClosure(fileStream* f)
 216   : CLDClosure(), _dumped_classes(INITIAL_TABLE_SIZE, MAX_TABLE_SIZE) {
 217     _stream = f;
 218   }
 219 
 220   void do_cld(ClassLoaderData* cld) {
 221     for (Klass* klass = cld->klasses(); klass != nullptr; klass = klass->next_link()) {
 222       if (klass->is_instance_klass()) {
 223         dump(InstanceKlass::cast(klass));
 224       }
 225     }
 226   }
 227 };
 228 
 229 void AOTMetaspace::dump_loaded_classes(const char* file_name, TRAPS) {
 230   fileStream stream(file_name, "w");
 231   if (stream.is_open()) {
 232     MutexLocker lock(ClassLoaderDataGraph_lock);
 233     MutexLocker lock2(ClassListFile_lock, Mutex::_no_safepoint_check_flag);
 234     DumpClassListCLDClosure collect_classes(&stream);
 235     ClassLoaderDataGraph::loaded_cld_do(&collect_classes);
 236   } else {
 237     THROW_MSG(vmSymbols::java_io_IOException(), "Failed to open file");
 238   }
 239 }
 240 
 241 static bool shared_base_too_high(char* specified_base, char* aligned_base, size_t cds_max) {
 242   // Caller should have checked that aligned_base was successfully aligned and is not nullptr.
 243   // Comparing specified_base with nullptr is UB.
 244   assert(aligned_base != nullptr, "sanity");
 245   assert(aligned_base >= specified_base, "sanity");
 246 
 247   if (max_uintx - uintx(aligned_base) < uintx(cds_max)) {
 248     // Not enough address space to hold an archive of cds_max bytes from aligned_base.
 249     return true;
 250   } else {
 251     return false;
 252   }
 253 }
 254 
 255 static char* compute_shared_base(size_t cds_max) {
 256   char* specified_base = (char*)SharedBaseAddress;
 257   size_t alignment = AOTMetaspace::core_region_alignment();
 258 #if INCLUDE_CLASS_SPACE
 259   alignment = MAX2(alignment, Metaspace::reserve_alignment());
 260 #endif
 261 
 262   if (SharedBaseAddress == 0) {
 263     // Special meaning of -XX:SharedBaseAddress=0 -> Always map archive at os-selected address.
 264     return specified_base;
 265   }
 266 
 267   char* aligned_base = can_align_up(specified_base, alignment)
 268                            ? align_up(specified_base, alignment)
 269                            : nullptr;
 270 
 271   if (aligned_base != specified_base) {
 272     aot_log_info(aot)("SharedBaseAddress (" INTPTR_FORMAT ") aligned up to " INTPTR_FORMAT,
 273                    p2i(specified_base), p2i(aligned_base));
 274   }
 275 
 276   const char* err = nullptr;
 277   if (aligned_base == nullptr) {
 278     err = "too high";
 279   } else if (shared_base_too_high(specified_base, aligned_base, cds_max)) {
 280     err = "too high";
 281   } else if (!AOTMetaspace::shared_base_valid(aligned_base)) {
 282     err = "invalid for this platform";
 283   } else {
 284     return aligned_base;
 285   }
 286 
 287   // Arguments::default_SharedBaseAddress() is hard-coded in cds_globals.hpp. It must be carefully
 288   // picked that (a) the align_up() below will always return a valid value; (b) none of
 289   // the following asserts will fail.
 290   aot_log_warning(aot)("SharedBaseAddress (" INTPTR_FORMAT ") is %s. Reverted to " INTPTR_FORMAT,
 291                    p2i((void*)SharedBaseAddress), err,
 292                    p2i((void*)Arguments::default_SharedBaseAddress()));
 293 
 294   specified_base = (char*)Arguments::default_SharedBaseAddress();
 295   aligned_base = align_up(specified_base, alignment);
 296 
 297   // Make sure the default value of SharedBaseAddress specified in globals.hpp is sane.
 298   assert(!shared_base_too_high(specified_base, aligned_base, cds_max), "Sanity");
 299   assert(AOTMetaspace::shared_base_valid(aligned_base), "Sanity");
 300   return aligned_base;
 301 }
 302 
 303 void AOTMetaspace::initialize_for_static_dump() {
 304   assert(CDSConfig::is_dumping_static_archive(), "sanity");
 305   aot_log_info(aot)("Core region alignment: %zu", core_region_alignment());
 306   // The max allowed size for CDS archive. We use this to limit SharedBaseAddress
 307   // to avoid address space wrap around.
 308   size_t cds_max;
 309   const size_t reserve_alignment = core_region_alignment();
 310 
 311 #ifdef _LP64
 312   const uint64_t UnscaledClassSpaceMax = (uint64_t(max_juint) + 1);
 313   cds_max = align_down(UnscaledClassSpaceMax, reserve_alignment);
 314 #else
 315   // We don't support archives larger than 256MB on 32-bit due to limited
 316   //  virtual address space.
 317   cds_max = align_down(256*M, reserve_alignment);
 318 #endif
 319 
 320   _requested_base_address = compute_shared_base(cds_max);
 321   SharedBaseAddress = (size_t)_requested_base_address;
 322 
 323   size_t symbol_rs_size = LP64_ONLY(3 * G) NOT_LP64(128 * M);
 324   _symbol_rs = MemoryReserver::reserve(symbol_rs_size,
 325                                        os::vm_allocation_granularity(),
 326                                        os::vm_page_size(),
 327                                        mtClassShared);
 328   if (!_symbol_rs.is_reserved()) {
 329     aot_log_error(aot)("Unable to reserve memory for symbols: %zu bytes.", symbol_rs_size);
 330     AOTMetaspace::unrecoverable_writing_error();
 331   }
 332   _symbol_region.init(&_symbol_rs, &_symbol_vs);
 333   if (CDSConfig::is_dumping_preimage_static_archive()) {
 334     // We are in the AOT training run. User code is executed.
 335     //
 336     // On Windows, if the user code closes System.out and we open the AOT config file for output
 337     // only at VM exit, we might get back the same file HANDLE as stdout, and the AOT config
 338     // file may get corrupted by UL logs. By opening early, we ensure that the output
 339     // HANDLE is different than stdout so we can avoid such corruption.
 340     open_output_mapinfo();
 341   } else {
 342     // No need for the above as we won't execute any user code.
 343   }
 344 }
 345 
 346 void AOTMetaspace::open_output_mapinfo() {
 347   const char* static_archive = CDSConfig::output_archive_path();
 348   assert(static_archive != nullptr, "sanity");
 349   _output_mapinfo = new FileMapInfo(static_archive, true);
 350   _output_mapinfo->open_as_output();
 351 }
 352 
 353 // Called by universe_post_init()
 354 void AOTMetaspace::post_initialize(TRAPS) {
 355   if (CDSConfig::is_using_archive()) {
 356     FileMapInfo *static_mapinfo = FileMapInfo::current_info();
 357     FileMapInfo *dynamic_mapinfo = FileMapInfo::dynamic_info();
 358 
 359     if (AOTMapLogger::is_logging_at_bootstrap()) {
 360       // The map logging needs to be done here, as it requires some stubs on Windows,
 361       // which are not generated until the end of init_globals().
 362       AOTMapLogger::runtime_log(static_mapinfo, dynamic_mapinfo);
 363     }
 364 
 365     // Close any open file descriptors. However, mmap'ed pages will remain in memory.
 366     static_mapinfo->close();
 367 
 368     if (HeapShared::is_loading() && HeapShared::is_loading_mapping_mode()) {
 369       static_mapinfo->unmap_region(AOTMetaspace::bm);
 370     }
 371 
 372     if (dynamic_mapinfo != nullptr) {
 373       dynamic_mapinfo->close();
 374       dynamic_mapinfo->unmap_region(AOTMetaspace::bm);
 375     }
 376 
 377     int size = AOTClassLocationConfig::runtime()->length();
 378     if (size > 0) {
 379       CDSProtectionDomain::allocate_shared_data_arrays(size, CHECK);
 380     }
 381   }
 382 }
 383 
 384 // Extra java.lang.Strings to be added to the archive
 385 static GrowableArrayCHeap<OopHandle, mtClassShared>* _extra_interned_strings = nullptr;
 386 // Extra Symbols to be added to the archive
 387 static GrowableArrayCHeap<Symbol*, mtClassShared>* _extra_symbols = nullptr;
 388 // Methods managed by SystemDictionary::find_method_handle_intrinsic() to be added to the archive
 389 static GrowableArray<Method*>* _pending_method_handle_intrinsics = nullptr;
 390 
 391 void AOTMetaspace::read_extra_data(JavaThread* current, const char* filename) {
 392   _extra_interned_strings = new GrowableArrayCHeap<OopHandle, mtClassShared>(10000);
 393   _extra_symbols = new GrowableArrayCHeap<Symbol*, mtClassShared>(1000);
 394 
 395   HashtableTextDump reader(filename);
 396   reader.check_version("VERSION: 1.0");
 397 
 398   while (reader.remain() > 0) {
 399     int utf8_length;
 400     int prefix_type = reader.scan_prefix(&utf8_length);
 401     ResourceMark rm(current);
 402     if (utf8_length == 0x7fffffff) {
 403       // buf_len will overflown 32-bit value.
 404       aot_log_error(aot)("string length too large: %d", utf8_length);
 405       AOTMetaspace::unrecoverable_loading_error();
 406     }
 407     int buf_len = utf8_length+1;
 408     char* utf8_buffer = NEW_RESOURCE_ARRAY(char, buf_len);
 409     reader.get_utf8(utf8_buffer, utf8_length);
 410     utf8_buffer[utf8_length] = '\0';
 411 
 412     if (prefix_type == HashtableTextDump::SymbolPrefix) {
 413       _extra_symbols->append(SymbolTable::new_permanent_symbol(utf8_buffer));
 414     } else{
 415       assert(prefix_type == HashtableTextDump::StringPrefix, "Sanity");
 416       ExceptionMark em(current);
 417       JavaThread* THREAD = current; // For exception macros.
 418       oop str = StringTable::intern(utf8_buffer, THREAD);
 419 
 420       if (HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION) {
 421         log_warning(aot, heap)("[line %d] extra interned string allocation failed; size too large: %d",
 422                                reader.last_line_no(), utf8_length);
 423         CLEAR_PENDING_EXCEPTION;
 424       } else {
 425 #if INCLUDE_CDS_JAVA_HEAP
 426         if (HeapShared::is_string_too_large_to_archive(str)) {
 427           log_warning(aot, heap)("[line %d] extra interned string ignored; size too large: %d",
 428                                  reader.last_line_no(), utf8_length);
 429           continue;
 430         }
 431         // Make sure this string is included in the dumped interned string table.
 432         assert(str != nullptr, "must succeed");
 433         _extra_interned_strings->append(OopHandle(Universe::vm_global(), str));
 434 #endif
 435       }
 436     }
 437   }
 438 }
 439 
 440 void AOTMetaspace::make_method_handle_intrinsics_shareable() {
 441   for (int i = 0; i < _pending_method_handle_intrinsics->length(); i++) {
 442     Method* m = ArchiveBuilder::current()->get_buffered_addr(_pending_method_handle_intrinsics->at(i));
 443     m->remove_unshareable_info();
 444     // Each method has its own constant pool (which is distinct from m->method_holder()->constants());
 445     m->constants()->remove_unshareable_info();
 446   }
 447 }
 448 
 449 void AOTMetaspace::write_method_handle_intrinsics() {
 450   int len = _pending_method_handle_intrinsics->length();
 451   _archived_method_handle_intrinsics = ArchiveBuilder::new_ro_array<Method*>(len);
 452   int word_size = _archived_method_handle_intrinsics->size();
 453   for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {
 454     Method* m = _pending_method_handle_intrinsics->at(i);
 455     ArchiveBuilder::current()->write_pointer_in_buffer(_archived_method_handle_intrinsics->adr_at(i), m);
 456     word_size += m->size() + m->constMethod()->size() + m->constants()->size();
 457     if (m->constants()->cache() != nullptr) {
 458       word_size += m->constants()->cache()->size();
 459     }
 460   }
 461   log_info(aot)("Archived %d method handle intrinsics (%d bytes)", len, word_size * BytesPerWord);
 462 }
 463 
 464 // About "serialize" --
 465 //
 466 // This is (probably a badly named) way to read/write a data stream of pointers and
 467 // miscellaneous data from/to the shared archive file. The usual code looks like this:
 468 //
 469 //     // These two global C++ variables are initialized during dump time.
 470 //     static int _archived_int;
 471 //     static MetaspaceObj* archived_ptr;
 472 //
 473 //     void MyClass::serialize(SerializeClosure* soc) {
 474 //         soc->do_int(&_archived_int);
 475 //         soc->do_int(&_archived_ptr);
 476 //     }
 477 //
 478 //     At dumptime, these two variables are stored into the CDS archive.
 479 //     At runtime, these two variables are loaded from the CDS archive.
 480 //     In addition, the pointer is relocated as necessary.
 481 //
 482 // Some of the xxx::serialize() functions may have side effects and assume that
 483 // the archive is already mapped. For example, SymbolTable::serialize_shared_table_header()
 484 // unconditionally makes the set of archived symbols available. Therefore, we put most
 485 // of these xxx::serialize() functions inside AOTMetaspace::serialize(), which
 486 // is called AFTER we made the decision to map the archive.
 487 //
 488 // However, some of the "serialized" data are used to decide whether an archive should
 489 // be mapped or not (e.g., for checking if the -Djdk.module.main property is compatible
 490 // with the archive). The xxx::serialize() functions for these data must be put inside
 491 // AOTMetaspace::early_serialize(). Such functions must not produce side effects that
 492 // assume we will always decides to map the archive.
 493 
 494 void AOTMetaspace::early_serialize(SerializeClosure* soc) {
 495   int tag = 0;
 496   soc->do_tag(--tag);
 497   CDS_JAVA_HEAP_ONLY(Modules::serialize_archived_module_info(soc);)
 498   soc->do_tag(666);
 499 }
 500 
 501 void AOTMetaspace::serialize(SerializeClosure* soc) {
 502   int tag = 0;
 503   soc->do_tag(--tag);
 504 
 505   // Verify the sizes of various metadata in the system.
 506   soc->do_tag(sizeof(Method));
 507   soc->do_tag(sizeof(ConstMethod));
 508   soc->do_tag(arrayOopDesc::base_offset_in_bytes(T_BYTE));
 509   soc->do_tag(sizeof(ConstantPool));
 510   soc->do_tag(sizeof(ConstantPoolCache));
 511   soc->do_tag(objArrayOopDesc::base_offset_in_bytes());
 512   soc->do_tag(typeArrayOopDesc::base_offset_in_bytes(T_BYTE));
 513   soc->do_tag(sizeof(Symbol));
 514 
 515   // Need to do this first, as subsequent steps may call virtual functions
 516   // in archived Metadata objects.
 517   CppVtables::serialize(soc);
 518   soc->do_tag(--tag);
 519 
 520   // Dump/restore miscellaneous metadata.
 521   JavaClasses::serialize_offsets(soc);
 522   Universe::serialize(soc);
 523   soc->do_tag(--tag);
 524 
 525   // Dump/restore references to commonly used names and signatures.
 526   vmSymbols::serialize(soc);
 527   soc->do_tag(--tag);
 528 
 529   // Dump/restore the symbol/string/subgraph_info tables
 530   SymbolTable::serialize_shared_table_header(soc);
 531   StringTable::serialize_shared_table_header(soc);
 532   HeapShared::serialize_tables(soc);
 533   SystemDictionaryShared::serialize_dictionary_headers(soc);
 534   AOTLinkedClassBulkLoader::serialize(soc);
 535   FinalImageRecipes::serialize(soc);
 536   TrainingData::serialize(soc);
 537   InstanceMirrorKlass::serialize_offsets(soc);
 538 
 539   // Dump/restore well known classes (pointers)
 540   SystemDictionaryShared::serialize_vm_classes(soc);
 541   soc->do_tag(--tag);
 542 
 543   CDS_JAVA_HEAP_ONLY(ClassLoaderDataShared::serialize(soc);)
 544   soc->do_ptr((void**)&_archived_method_handle_intrinsics);
 545 
 546   LambdaFormInvokers::serialize(soc);
 547   AdapterHandlerLibrary::serialize_shared_table_header(soc);
 548 
 549   soc->do_tag(666);
 550 }
 551 
 552 // In AOTCache workflow, when dumping preimage, the constant pool entries are stored in unresolved state.
 553 // So the fast version of getfield/putfield needs to be converted to nofast version.
 554 // When dumping the final image in the assembly phase, these nofast versions are converted back to fast versions
 555 // if the constant pool entry refered by these bytecodes is stored in resolved state.
 556 // Same principle applies to static and dynamic archives. If the constant pool entry is in resolved state, then
 557 // the fast version of the bytecodes can be preserved, else use the nofast version.
 558 //
 559 // The fast versions of aload_0 (i.e. _fast_Xaccess_0) merges the bytecode pair (aload_0, fast_Xgetfield).
 560 // If the fast version of aload_0 is preserved in AOTCache, then the JVMTI notifications for field access and
 561 // breakpoint events will be skipped for the second bytecode (fast_Xgetfield) in the pair.
 562 // Same holds for fast versions of iload_0. So for these bytecodes, nofast version is used.
 563 static void rewrite_bytecodes(const methodHandle& method) {
 564   ConstantPool* cp = method->constants();
 565   BytecodeStream bcs(method);
 566   Bytecodes::Code new_code;
 567 
 568   LogStreamHandle(Trace, aot, resolve) lsh;
 569   if (lsh.is_enabled()) {
 570     lsh.print("Rewriting bytecodes for ");
 571     method()->print_external_name(&lsh);
 572     lsh.print("\n");
 573   }
 574 
 575   while (!bcs.is_last_bytecode()) {
 576     Bytecodes::Code opcode = bcs.next();
 577     // Use current opcode as the default value of new_code
 578     new_code = opcode;
 579     switch(opcode) {
 580     case Bytecodes::_getfield: {
 581       uint rfe_index = bcs.get_index_u2();
 582       bool is_resolved = cp->is_resolved(rfe_index, opcode);
 583       if (is_resolved) {
 584         assert(!CDSConfig::is_dumping_preimage_static_archive(), "preimage should not have resolved field references");
 585         ResolvedFieldEntry* rfe = cp->resolved_field_entry_at(bcs.get_index_u2());
 586         switch(rfe->tos_state()) {
 587         case btos:
 588           // fallthrough
 589         case ztos: new_code = Bytecodes::_fast_bgetfield; break;
 590         case atos: new_code = Bytecodes::_fast_agetfield; break;
 591         case itos: new_code = Bytecodes::_fast_igetfield; break;
 592         case ctos: new_code = Bytecodes::_fast_cgetfield; break;
 593         case stos: new_code = Bytecodes::_fast_sgetfield; break;
 594         case ltos: new_code = Bytecodes::_fast_lgetfield; break;
 595         case ftos: new_code = Bytecodes::_fast_fgetfield; break;
 596         case dtos: new_code = Bytecodes::_fast_dgetfield; break;
 597         default:
 598           ShouldNotReachHere();
 599           break;
 600         }
 601       } else {
 602         new_code = Bytecodes::_nofast_getfield;
 603       }
 604       break;
 605     }
 606     case Bytecodes::_putfield: {
 607       uint rfe_index = bcs.get_index_u2();
 608       bool is_resolved = cp->is_resolved(rfe_index, opcode);
 609       if (is_resolved) {
 610         assert(!CDSConfig::is_dumping_preimage_static_archive(), "preimage should not have resolved field references");
 611         ResolvedFieldEntry* rfe = cp->resolved_field_entry_at(bcs.get_index_u2());
 612         switch(rfe->tos_state()) {
 613         case btos: new_code = Bytecodes::_fast_bputfield; break;
 614         case ztos: new_code = Bytecodes::_fast_zputfield; break;
 615         case atos: new_code = Bytecodes::_fast_aputfield; break;
 616         case itos: new_code = Bytecodes::_fast_iputfield; break;
 617         case ctos: new_code = Bytecodes::_fast_cputfield; break;
 618         case stos: new_code = Bytecodes::_fast_sputfield; break;
 619         case ltos: new_code = Bytecodes::_fast_lputfield; break;
 620         case ftos: new_code = Bytecodes::_fast_fputfield; break;
 621         case dtos: new_code = Bytecodes::_fast_dputfield; break;
 622         default:
 623           ShouldNotReachHere();
 624           break;
 625         }
 626       } else {
 627         new_code = Bytecodes::_nofast_putfield;
 628       }
 629       break;
 630     }
 631     case Bytecodes::_aload_0:
 632       // Revert _fast_Xaccess_0 or _aload_0 to _nofast_aload_0
 633       new_code = Bytecodes::_nofast_aload_0;
 634       break;
 635     case Bytecodes::_iload:
 636       if (!bcs.is_wide()) {
 637         new_code = Bytecodes::_nofast_iload;
 638       }
 639       break;
 640     default:
 641       break;
 642     }
 643     if (opcode != new_code) {
 644       *bcs.bcp() = new_code;
 645       if (lsh.is_enabled()) {
 646         lsh.print_cr("%d:%s -> %s", bcs.bci(), Bytecodes::name(opcode), Bytecodes::name(new_code));
 647       }
 648     }
 649   }
 650 }
 651 
 652 // [1] Rewrite all bytecodes as needed, so that the ConstMethod* will not be modified
 653 //     at run time by RewriteBytecodes/RewriteFrequentPairs
 654 // [2] Assign a fingerprint, so one doesn't need to be assigned at run-time.
 655 void AOTMetaspace::rewrite_bytecodes_and_calculate_fingerprints(Thread* thread, InstanceKlass* ik) {
 656   for (int i = 0; i < ik->methods()->length(); i++) {
 657     methodHandle m(thread, ik->methods()->at(i));
 658     if (ik->can_be_verified_at_dumptime() && ik->is_linked()) {
 659       rewrite_bytecodes(m);
 660     }
 661     Fingerprinter fp(m);
 662     // The side effect of this call sets method's fingerprint field.
 663     fp.fingerprint();
 664   }
 665 }
 666 
 667 class VM_PopulateDumpSharedSpace : public VM_Operation {
 668 private:
 669   AOTMappedHeapInfo _mapped_heap_info;
 670   AOTStreamedHeapInfo _streamed_heap_info;
 671   FileMapInfo* _map_info;
 672   StaticArchiveBuilder& _builder;
 673 
 674   void dump_java_heap_objects();
 675   void dump_shared_symbol_table(GrowableArray<Symbol*>* symbols) {
 676     log_info(aot)("Dumping symbol table ...");
 677     SymbolTable::write_to_archive(symbols);
 678   }
 679   char* dump_early_read_only_tables();
 680   char* dump_read_only_tables(AOTClassLocationConfig*& cl_config);
 681 
 682 public:
 683 
 684   VM_PopulateDumpSharedSpace(StaticArchiveBuilder& b, FileMapInfo* map_info) :
 685     VM_Operation(), _mapped_heap_info(), _streamed_heap_info(), _map_info(map_info), _builder(b) {}
 686 
 687   bool skip_operation() const { return false; }
 688 
 689   VMOp_Type type() const { return VMOp_PopulateDumpSharedSpace; }
 690   AOTMappedHeapInfo* mapped_heap_info()  { return &_mapped_heap_info; }
 691   AOTStreamedHeapInfo* streamed_heap_info()  { return &_streamed_heap_info; }
 692   void doit();   // outline because gdb sucks
 693   bool allow_nested_vm_operations() const { return true; }
 694 }; // class VM_PopulateDumpSharedSpace
 695 
 696 class StaticArchiveBuilder : public ArchiveBuilder {
 697 public:
 698   StaticArchiveBuilder() : ArchiveBuilder() {}
 699 
 700   virtual void iterate_roots(MetaspaceClosure* it) {
 701     AOTArtifactFinder::all_cached_classes_do(it);
 702     SystemDictionaryShared::dumptime_classes_do(it);
 703     Universe::metaspace_pointers_do(it);
 704     vmSymbols::metaspace_pointers_do(it);
 705     TrainingData::iterate_roots(it);
 706     if (CDSConfig::is_dumping_full_module_graph()) {
 707       ClassLoaderDataShared::iterate_roots(it);
 708     }
 709 
 710     // The above code should find all the symbols that are referenced by the
 711     // archived classes. We just need to add the extra symbols which
 712     // may not be used by any of the archived classes -- these are usually
 713     // symbols that we anticipate to be used at run time, so we can store
 714     // them in the RO region, to be shared across multiple processes.
 715     if (_extra_symbols != nullptr) {
 716       for (int i = 0; i < _extra_symbols->length(); i++) {
 717         it->push(_extra_symbols->adr_at(i));
 718       }
 719     }
 720 
 721     for (int i = 0; i < _pending_method_handle_intrinsics->length(); i++) {
 722       it->push(_pending_method_handle_intrinsics->adr_at(i));
 723     }
 724   }
 725 };
 726 
 727 char* VM_PopulateDumpSharedSpace::dump_early_read_only_tables() {
 728   ArchiveBuilder::OtherROAllocMark mark;
 729 
 730   CDS_JAVA_HEAP_ONLY(Modules::dump_archived_module_info());
 731 
 732   DumpRegion* ro_region = ArchiveBuilder::current()->ro_region();
 733   char* start = ro_region->top();
 734   WriteClosure wc(ro_region);
 735   AOTMetaspace::early_serialize(&wc);
 736   return start;
 737 }
 738 
 739 char* VM_PopulateDumpSharedSpace::dump_read_only_tables(AOTClassLocationConfig*& cl_config) {
 740   ArchiveBuilder::OtherROAllocMark mark;
 741 
 742   SystemDictionaryShared::write_to_archive();
 743   cl_config = AOTClassLocationConfig::dumptime()->write_to_archive();
 744   AOTClassLinker::write_to_archive();
 745   if (CDSConfig::is_dumping_preimage_static_archive()) {
 746     FinalImageRecipes::record_recipes();
 747   }
 748 
 749   TrainingData::dump_training_data();
 750 
 751   AOTMetaspace::write_method_handle_intrinsics();
 752 
 753   // Write lambform lines into archive
 754   LambdaFormInvokers::dump_static_archive_invokers();
 755 
 756   if (CDSConfig::is_dumping_adapters()) {
 757     AdapterHandlerLibrary::dump_aot_adapter_table();
 758   }
 759 
 760   // Write the other data to the output array.
 761   DumpRegion* ro_region = ArchiveBuilder::current()->ro_region();
 762   char* start = ro_region->top();
 763   WriteClosure wc(ro_region);
 764   AOTMetaspace::serialize(&wc);
 765 
 766   return start;
 767 }
 768 
 769 void VM_PopulateDumpSharedSpace::doit() {
 770   CDSConfig::set_is_at_aot_safepoint(true);
 771 
 772   if (!CDSConfig::is_dumping_final_static_archive()) {
 773     guarantee(!CDSConfig::is_using_archive(), "We should not be using an archive when we dump");
 774   }
 775 
 776   DEBUG_ONLY(SystemDictionaryShared::NoClassLoadingMark nclm);
 777 
 778   _pending_method_handle_intrinsics = new (mtClassShared) GrowableArray<Method*>(256, mtClassShared);
 779   if (CDSConfig::is_dumping_method_handles()) {
 780     // When dumping AOT-linked classes, some classes may have direct references to a method handle
 781     // intrinsic. The easiest thing is to save all of them into the AOT cache.
 782     SystemDictionary::get_all_method_handle_intrinsics(_pending_method_handle_intrinsics);
 783   }
 784 
 785   AOTClassLocationConfig::dumptime_check_nonempty_dirs();
 786 
 787   NOT_PRODUCT(SystemDictionary::verify();)
 788 
 789   // Block concurrent class unloading from changing the _dumptime_table
 790   MutexLocker ml(DumpTimeTable_lock, Mutex::_no_safepoint_check_flag);
 791 
 792   _builder.gather_source_objs();
 793   _builder.reserve_buffer();
 794 
 795   CppVtables::dumptime_init(&_builder);
 796 
 797   _builder.sort_metadata_objs();
 798   _builder.dump_rw_metadata();
 799   _builder.dump_ro_metadata();
 800   _builder.relocate_metaspaceobj_embedded_pointers();
 801 
 802   log_info(aot)("Make classes shareable");
 803   _builder.make_klasses_shareable();
 804   AOTMetaspace::make_method_handle_intrinsics_shareable();
 805 
 806   if (CDSConfig::is_dumping_full_module_graph()) {
 807     ClassLoaderDataShared::remove_unshareable_info();
 808   }
 809 
 810   dump_java_heap_objects();
 811   dump_shared_symbol_table(_builder.symbols());
 812 
 813   char* early_serialized_data = dump_early_read_only_tables();
 814   AOTClassLocationConfig* cl_config;
 815   char* serialized_data = dump_read_only_tables(cl_config);
 816 
 817   if (CDSConfig::is_dumping_lambdas_in_legacy_mode()) {
 818     log_info(aot)("Adjust lambda proxy class dictionary");
 819     LambdaProxyClassDictionary::adjust_dumptime_table();
 820   }
 821 
 822   log_info(cds)("Make training data shareable");
 823   _builder.make_training_data_shareable();
 824 
 825   // The vtable clones contain addresses of the current process.
 826   // We don't want to write these addresses into the archive.
 827   CppVtables::zero_archived_vtables();
 828 
 829   // Write the archive file
 830   _map_info->populate_header(AOTMetaspace::core_region_alignment());
 831   _map_info->set_early_serialized_data(early_serialized_data);
 832   _map_info->set_serialized_data(serialized_data);
 833   _map_info->set_cloned_vtables(CppVtables::vtables_serialized_base());
 834   _map_info->header()->set_class_location_config(cl_config);
 835 
 836   HeapShared::delete_tables_with_raw_oops();
 837   CDSConfig::set_is_at_aot_safepoint(false);
 838 }
 839 
 840 class CollectClassesForLinking : public KlassClosure {
 841   GrowableArray<OopHandle> _mirrors;
 842 
 843 public:
 844    CollectClassesForLinking() : _mirrors() {
 845      // ClassLoaderDataGraph::loaded_classes_do_keepalive() requires ClassLoaderDataGraph_lock.
 846      // We cannot link the classes while holding this lock (or else we may run into deadlock).
 847      // Therefore, we need to first collect all the classes, keeping them alive by
 848      // holding onto their java_mirrors in global OopHandles. We then link the classes after
 849      // releasing the lock.
 850      MutexLocker lock(ClassLoaderDataGraph_lock);
 851      ClassLoaderDataGraph::loaded_classes_do_keepalive(this);
 852    }
 853 
 854   ~CollectClassesForLinking() {
 855     for (int i = 0; i < _mirrors.length(); i++) {
 856       _mirrors.at(i).release(Universe::vm_global());
 857     }
 858   }
 859 
 860   void do_cld(ClassLoaderData* cld) {
 861     assert(cld->is_alive(), "must be");
 862   }
 863 
 864   void do_klass(Klass* k) {
 865     if (k->is_instance_klass()) {
 866       _mirrors.append(OopHandle(Universe::vm_global(), k->java_mirror()));
 867     }
 868   }
 869 
 870   const GrowableArray<OopHandle>* mirrors() const { return &_mirrors; }
 871 };
 872 
 873 // Check if we can eagerly link this class at dump time, so we can avoid the
 874 // runtime linking overhead (especially verification)
 875 bool AOTMetaspace::may_be_eagerly_linked(InstanceKlass* ik) {
 876   if (!ik->can_be_verified_at_dumptime()) {
 877     // For old classes, try to leave them in the unlinked state, so
 878     // we can still store them in the archive. They must be
 879     // linked/verified at runtime.
 880     return false;
 881   }
 882   if (CDSConfig::is_dumping_dynamic_archive() && ik->defined_by_other_loaders()) {
 883     // Linking of unregistered classes at this stage may cause more
 884     // classes to be resolved, resulting in calls to ClassLoader.loadClass()
 885     // that may not be expected by custom class loaders.
 886     //
 887     // It's OK to do this for the built-in loaders as we know they can
 888     // tolerate this.
 889     return false;
 890   }
 891   return true;
 892 }
 893 
 894 void AOTMetaspace::link_all_loaded_classes(JavaThread* current) {
 895   while (true) {
 896     ResourceMark rm(current);
 897     CollectClassesForLinking collect_classes;
 898     bool has_linked = false;
 899     const GrowableArray<OopHandle>* mirrors = collect_classes.mirrors();
 900     for (int i = 0; i < mirrors->length(); i++) {
 901       OopHandle mirror = mirrors->at(i);
 902       InstanceKlass* ik = java_lang_Class::as_InstanceKlass(mirror.resolve());
 903       if (may_be_eagerly_linked(ik)) {
 904         has_linked |= try_link_class(current, ik);
 905       }
 906     }
 907 
 908     if (!has_linked) {
 909       break;
 910     }
 911     // Class linking includes verification which may load more classes.
 912     // Keep scanning until we have linked no more classes.
 913   }
 914 }
 915 
 916 void AOTMetaspace::link_shared_classes(TRAPS) {
 917   AOTClassLinker::initialize();
 918   AOTClassInitializer::init_test_class(CHECK);
 919 
 920   if (CDSConfig::is_dumping_final_static_archive()) {
 921     // - Load and link all classes used in the training run.
 922     // - Initialize @AOTSafeClassInitializer classes that were
 923     //   initialized in the training run.
 924     // - Perform per-class optimization such as AOT-resolution of
 925     //   constant pool entries that were resolved during the training run.
 926     FinalImageRecipes::apply_recipes(CHECK);
 927 
 928     // Because the AOT assembly phase does not run the same exact code as in the
 929     // training run (e.g., we use different lambda form invoker classes;
 930     // generated lambda form classes are not recorded in FinalImageRecipes),
 931     // the recipes do not cover all classes that have been loaded so far. As
 932     // a result, we might have some unlinked classes at this point. Since we
 933     // require cached classes to be linked, all such classes will be linked
 934     // by the following step.
 935   }
 936 
 937   link_all_loaded_classes(THREAD);
 938 
 939   // Eargerly resolve all string constants in constant pools
 940   {
 941     ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
 942     CollectClassesForLinking collect_classes;
 943     const GrowableArray<OopHandle>* mirrors = collect_classes.mirrors();
 944     for (int i = 0; i < mirrors->length(); i++) {
 945       OopHandle mirror = mirrors->at(i);
 946       InstanceKlass* ik = java_lang_Class::as_InstanceKlass(mirror.resolve());
 947       AOTConstantPoolResolver::preresolve_string_cp_entries(ik, CHECK);
 948     }
 949   }
 950 }
 951 
 952 void AOTMetaspace::dump_static_archive(TRAPS) {
 953   CDSConfig::DumperThreadMark dumper_thread_mark(THREAD);
 954   ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
 955   HandleMark hm(THREAD);
 956 
 957  if (CDSConfig::is_dumping_final_static_archive()) {
 958    if (AOTPrintTrainingInfo) {
 959      tty->print_cr("==================== archived_training_data ** before dumping ====================");
 960      TrainingData::print_archived_training_data_on(tty);
 961    }
 962    LogStreamHandle(Info, aot, training, data) log;
 963    if (log.is_enabled()) {
 964      TrainingData::print_archived_training_data_on(&log);
 965    }
 966  }
 967 
 968 
 969   StaticArchiveBuilder builder;
 970   dump_static_archive_impl(builder, THREAD);
 971   if (HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION) {
 972     if (PENDING_EXCEPTION->is_a(vmClasses::OutOfMemoryError_klass())) {
 973       aot_log_error(aot)("Out of memory. Please run with a larger Java heap, current MaxHeapSize = "
 974                      "%zuM", MaxHeapSize/M);
 975       AOTMetaspace::writing_error();
 976     } else {
 977       oop message = java_lang_Throwable::message(PENDING_EXCEPTION);
 978       aot_log_error(aot)("%s: %s", PENDING_EXCEPTION->klass()->external_name(),
 979                          message == nullptr ? "(null)" : java_lang_String::as_utf8_string(message));
 980       AOTMetaspace::writing_error(err_msg("Unexpected exception, use -Xlog:aot%s,exceptions=trace for detail",
 981                                              CDSConfig::new_aot_flags_used() ? "" : ",cds"));
 982     }
 983   }
 984 
 985   if (CDSConfig::new_aot_flags_used()) {
 986     if (CDSConfig::is_dumping_preimage_static_archive()) {
 987       // We are in the JVM that runs the training run. Continue execution,
 988       // so that it can finish all clean-up and return the correct exit
 989       // code to the OS.
 990     } else {
 991       // The JLI launcher only recognizes the "old" -Xshare:dump flag.
 992       // When the new -XX:AOTMode=create flag is used, we can't return
 993       // to the JLI launcher, as the launcher will fail when trying to
 994       // run the main class, which is not what we want.
 995       struct stat st;
 996       if (os::stat(AOTCache, &st) != 0) {
 997         tty->print_cr("AOTCache creation failed: %s", AOTCache);
 998       } else {
 999         tty->print_cr("AOTCache creation is complete: %s " INT64_FORMAT " bytes", AOTCache, (int64_t)(st.st_size));
1000       }
1001       vm_direct_exit(0);
1002     }
1003   }
1004 }
1005 
1006 #if INCLUDE_CDS_JAVA_HEAP && defined(_LP64)
1007 void AOTMetaspace::init_heap_settings() {
1008   if (UseCompressedOops) {
1009     if (!AOTCodeCache::is_caching_enabled()) {
1010       // We don't need it -- always disable for better jitted code.
1011       FLAG_SET_ERGO(AOTCompatibleOopCompression, false);
1012     } else if (CDSConfig::is_dumping_final_static_archive()) {
1013       // Obey the command-line switch. Do not override
1014     } else if (CDSConfig::is_using_archive()) {
1015       precond(FileMapInfo::current_info() == nullptr);
1016       FileMapInfo* static_mapinfo = open_static_archive();
1017       if (static_mapinfo != nullptr && static_mapinfo->header()->compatible_oop_compression()) {
1018         // Use the same setting as recorded in the archive.
1019         FLAG_SET_ERGO(AOTCompatibleOopCompression, true);
1020       }
1021     }
1022   }
1023 
1024   if (!CDSConfig::is_dumping_heap() || UseCompressedOops) {
1025     return;
1026   }
1027   // CDS heap dumping requires all string oops to have an offset
1028   // from the heap bottom that can be encoded in 32-bit.
1029   julong max_heap_size = (julong)(4 * G);
1030 
1031   if (MinHeapSize > max_heap_size) {
1032     log_debug(aot)("Setting MinHeapSize to 4G for CDS dumping, original size = %zuM", MinHeapSize/M);
1033     FLAG_SET_ERGO(MinHeapSize, max_heap_size);
1034   }
1035   if (InitialHeapSize > max_heap_size) {
1036     log_debug(aot)("Setting InitialHeapSize to 4G for CDS dumping, original size = %zuM", InitialHeapSize/M);
1037     FLAG_SET_ERGO(InitialHeapSize, max_heap_size);
1038   }
1039   if (MaxHeapSize > max_heap_size) {
1040     log_debug(aot)("Setting MaxHeapSize to 4G for CDS dumping, original size = %zuM", MaxHeapSize/M);
1041     FLAG_SET_ERGO(MaxHeapSize, max_heap_size);
1042   }
1043 }
1044 #endif // INCLUDE_CDS_JAVA_HEAP && _LP64
1045 
1046 void AOTMetaspace::get_default_classlist(char* default_classlist, const size_t buf_size) {
1047   const char* filesep = os::file_separator();
1048   jio_snprintf(default_classlist, buf_size, "%s%slib%sclasslist",
1049                Arguments::get_java_home(), filesep, filesep);
1050 }
1051 
1052 void AOTMetaspace::load_classes(TRAPS) {
1053   char default_classlist[JVM_MAXPATHLEN];
1054   const char* classlist_path;
1055 
1056   get_default_classlist(default_classlist, JVM_MAXPATHLEN);
1057   if (SharedClassListFile == nullptr) {
1058     classlist_path = default_classlist;
1059   } else {
1060     classlist_path = SharedClassListFile;
1061   }
1062 
1063   aot_log_info(aot)("Loading classes to share ...");
1064   ClassListParser::parse_classlist(classlist_path,
1065                                    ClassListParser::_parse_all, CHECK);
1066   if (ExtraSharedClassListFile) {
1067     ClassListParser::parse_classlist(ExtraSharedClassListFile,
1068                                      ClassListParser::_parse_all, CHECK);
1069   }
1070   if (classlist_path != default_classlist) {
1071     struct stat statbuf;
1072     if (os::stat(default_classlist, &statbuf) == 0) {
1073       // File exists, let's use it.
1074       ClassListParser::parse_classlist(default_classlist,
1075                                        ClassListParser::_parse_lambda_forms_invokers_only, CHECK);
1076     }
1077   }
1078 
1079   // Some classes are used at CDS runtime but are not yet loaded at this point.
1080   // We can perform dummmy calls to these classes at dumptime to ensure they
1081   // are archived.
1082   exercise_runtime_cds_code(CHECK);
1083 
1084   aot_log_info(aot)("Loading classes to share: done.");
1085 }
1086 
1087 void AOTMetaspace::exercise_runtime_cds_code(TRAPS) {
1088   // Exercise the manifest processing code
1089   const char* dummy = "Manifest-Version: 1.0\n";
1090   CDSProtectionDomain::create_jar_manifest(dummy, strlen(dummy), CHECK);
1091 
1092   // Exercise FileSystem and URL code
1093   CDSProtectionDomain::to_file_URL("dummy.jar", Handle(), CHECK);
1094 }
1095 
1096 bool AOTMetaspace::preimage_static_archive_dumped() {
1097   assert(CDSConfig::is_dumping_preimage_static_archive(), "Required");
1098   return AtomicAccess::load_acquire(&_preimage_static_archive_dumped) == 1;
1099 }
1100 
1101 void AOTMetaspace::dump_static_archive_impl(StaticArchiveBuilder& builder, TRAPS) {
1102   if (CDSConfig::is_dumping_preimage_static_archive()) {
1103     // When dumping to the AOT configuration file ensure this function is only executed once.
1104     // Multiple invocations may happen via JCmd, during VM exit or other means (in the future)
1105     // from different threads and possibly concurrently.
1106     if (AtomicAccess::cmpxchg(&_preimage_static_archive_dumped, 0, 1) != 0) {
1107       return;
1108     }
1109   }
1110 
1111   if (CDSConfig::is_dumping_classic_static_archive()) {
1112     // We are running with -Xshare:dump
1113     load_classes(CHECK);
1114 
1115     if (SharedArchiveConfigFile) {
1116       log_info(aot)("Reading extra data from %s ...", SharedArchiveConfigFile);
1117       read_extra_data(THREAD, SharedArchiveConfigFile);
1118       log_info(aot)("Reading extra data: done.");
1119     }
1120   }
1121 
1122   if (CDSConfig::is_dumping_preimage_static_archive()) {
1123     log_info(aot)("Reading lambda form invokers from JDK default classlist ...");
1124     char default_classlist[JVM_MAXPATHLEN];
1125     get_default_classlist(default_classlist, JVM_MAXPATHLEN);
1126     struct stat statbuf;
1127     if (os::stat(default_classlist, &statbuf) == 0) {
1128       ClassListParser::parse_classlist(default_classlist,
1129                                        ClassListParser::_parse_lambda_forms_invokers_only, CHECK);
1130     }
1131   }
1132 
1133 #if INCLUDE_CDS_JAVA_HEAP
1134   if (CDSConfig::is_dumping_heap()) {
1135     if (!CDSConfig::is_dumping_preimage_static_archive()) {
1136       // A single thread is required for Reference handling and deterministic CDS archive.
1137       // Its's not required for dumping preimage, where References won't be archived and
1138       // determinism is not needed.
1139       assert(CDSConfig::allow_only_single_java_thread(), "Required");
1140     }
1141     if (!HeapShared::is_archived_boot_layer_available(THREAD)) {
1142       report_loading_error("archivedBootLayer not available, disabling full module graph");
1143       CDSConfig::stop_dumping_full_module_graph();
1144     }
1145     // Do this before link_shared_classes(), as the following line may load new classes.
1146     HeapShared::init_for_dumping(CHECK);
1147   }
1148 #endif
1149 
1150   if (CDSConfig::is_dumping_final_static_archive()) {
1151     if (ExtraSharedClassListFile) {
1152       log_info(aot)("Loading extra classes from %s ...", ExtraSharedClassListFile);
1153       ClassListParser::parse_classlist(ExtraSharedClassListFile,
1154                                        ClassListParser::_parse_all, CHECK);
1155     }
1156   }
1157 
1158   // Rewrite and link classes
1159   log_info(aot)("Rewriting and linking classes ...");
1160 
1161   // Link any classes which got missed. This would happen if we have loaded classes that
1162   // were not explicitly specified in the classlist. E.g., if an interface implemented by class K
1163   // fails verification, all other interfaces that were not specified in the classlist but
1164   // are implemented by K are not verified.
1165   link_shared_classes(CHECK);
1166   log_info(aot)("Rewriting and linking classes: done");
1167   TrainingData::init_dumptime_table(CHECK); // captures TrainingDataSetLocker
1168 
1169   if (CDSConfig::is_dumping_regenerated_lambdaform_invokers()) {
1170     LambdaFormInvokers::regenerate_holder_classes(CHECK);
1171   }
1172 
1173 #if INCLUDE_CDS_JAVA_HEAP
1174   if (CDSConfig::is_dumping_heap()) {
1175     HeapShared::init_heap_writer();
1176     if (CDSConfig::is_dumping_full_module_graph()) {
1177       ClassLoaderDataShared::ensure_module_entry_tables_exist();
1178       ClassLoaderDataShared::build_tables(CHECK);
1179       HeapShared::prepare_for_archiving(CHECK);
1180     }
1181 
1182     AOTReferenceObjSupport::initialize(CHECK);
1183     AOTReferenceObjSupport::stabilize_cached_reference_objects(CHECK);
1184   } else {
1185     log_info(aot)("Not dumping heap, reset CDSConfig::_is_using_optimized_module_handling");
1186     CDSConfig::stop_using_optimized_module_handling();
1187   }
1188 #endif
1189 
1190   if (!CDSConfig::is_dumping_preimage_static_archive()) {
1191     if (CDSConfig::is_dumping_final_static_archive()) {
1192       FileMapInfo::free_current_info(); // FIXME: should not free current info
1193     }
1194     open_output_mapinfo();
1195   }
1196 
1197   VM_PopulateDumpSharedSpace op(builder, _output_mapinfo);
1198   VMThread::execute(&op);
1199 
1200   if (AOTCodeCache::is_on_for_dump() && CDSConfig::is_dumping_final_static_archive()) {
1201     CDSConfig::enable_dumping_aot_code();
1202     {
1203       builder.start_ac_region();
1204       // Write the contents to AOT code region before packing the region
1205       AOTCodeCache::dump();
1206       builder.end_ac_region();
1207     }
1208     CDSConfig::disable_dumping_aot_code();
1209   }
1210 
1211   bool status = write_static_archive(&builder, _output_mapinfo, op.mapped_heap_info(), op.streamed_heap_info());
1212   assert(!_output_mapinfo->is_open(), "Must be closed already");
1213   _output_mapinfo = nullptr;
1214   if (status && CDSConfig::is_dumping_preimage_static_archive()) {
1215     tty->print_cr("%s AOTConfiguration recorded: %s",
1216                   CDSConfig::has_temp_aot_config_file() ? "Temporary" : "", AOTConfiguration);
1217     if (CDSConfig::is_single_command_training()) {
1218       fork_and_dump_final_static_archive(CHECK);
1219     }
1220   }
1221 
1222   if (!status) {
1223     THROW_MSG(vmSymbols::java_io_IOException(), "Encountered error while dumping");
1224   }
1225 }
1226 
1227 bool AOTMetaspace::write_static_archive(ArchiveBuilder* builder,
1228                                         FileMapInfo* map_info,
1229                                         AOTMappedHeapInfo* mapped_heap_info,
1230                                         AOTStreamedHeapInfo* streamed_heap_info) {
1231   // relocate the data so that it can be mapped to AOTMetaspace::requested_base_address()
1232   // without runtime relocation.
1233   builder->relocate_to_requested();
1234   if (!map_info->is_open()) {
1235     return false;
1236   }
1237   map_info->prepare_for_writing();
1238   builder->write_archive(map_info, mapped_heap_info, streamed_heap_info);
1239   return true;
1240 }
1241 
1242 static void print_java_launcher(outputStream* st) {
1243   st->print("%s%sbin%sjava", Arguments::get_java_home(), os::file_separator(), os::file_separator());
1244 }
1245 
1246 static void append_args(GrowableArray<Handle>* args, const char* arg, TRAPS) {
1247   Handle string = java_lang_String::create_from_str(arg, CHECK);
1248   args->append(string);
1249 }
1250 
1251 // Pass all options in Arguments::jvm_args_array() to a child JVM process
1252 // using the JAVA_TOOL_OPTIONS environment variable.
1253 static int exec_jvm_with_java_tool_options(const char* java_launcher_path, TRAPS) {
1254   ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
1255   HandleMark hm(THREAD);
1256   GrowableArray<Handle> args;
1257 
1258   const char* cp = Arguments::get_appclasspath();
1259   if (cp != nullptr && strlen(cp) > 0 && strcmp(cp, ".") != 0) {
1260     // We cannot use "-cp", because "-cp" is only interpreted by the java launcher,
1261     // and is not interpreter by arguments.cpp when it loads args from JAVA_TOOL_OPTIONS
1262     stringStream ss;
1263     ss.print("-Djava.class.path=");
1264     ss.print_raw(cp);
1265     append_args(&args, ss.freeze(), CHECK_0);
1266     // CDS$ProcessLauncher::execWithJavaToolOptions() must unset CLASSPATH, which has
1267     // a higher priority than -Djava.class.path=
1268   }
1269 
1270   // Pass all arguments. These include those from JAVA_TOOL_OPTIONS and _JAVA_OPTIONS.
1271   for (int i = 0; i < Arguments::num_jvm_args(); i++) {
1272     const char* arg = Arguments::jvm_args_array()[i];
1273     if (strstr(arg, "-XX:AOTCacheOutput=") == arg || // arg starts with ...
1274         strstr(arg, "-XX:AOTConfiguration=") == arg ||
1275         strstr(arg, "-XX:AOTMode=") == arg) {
1276       // Filter these out. They wiill be set below.
1277     } else {
1278       append_args(&args, arg, CHECK_0);
1279     }
1280   }
1281 
1282   // Note: because we are running in AOTMode=record, JDK_AOT_VM_OPTIONS have not been
1283   // parsed, so they are not in Arguments::jvm_args_array. If JDK_AOT_VM_OPTIONS is in
1284   // the environment, it will be inherited and parsed by the child JVM process
1285   // in Arguments::parse_java_tool_options_environment_variable().
1286   precond(strcmp(AOTMode, "record") == 0);
1287 
1288   // We don't pass Arguments::jvm_flags_array(), as those will be added by
1289   // the child process when it loads .hotspotrc
1290 
1291   {
1292     // If AOTCacheOutput contains %p, it should have been already substituted with the
1293     // pid of the training process.
1294     stringStream ss;
1295     ss.print("-XX:AOTCacheOutput=");
1296     ss.print_raw(AOTCacheOutput);
1297     append_args(&args, ss.freeze(), CHECK_0);
1298   }
1299   {
1300     // If AOTCacheConfiguration contains %p, it should have been already substituted with the
1301     // pid of the training process.
1302     // If AOTCacheConfiguration was not explicitly specified, it should have been assigned a
1303     // temporary file name.
1304     stringStream ss;
1305     ss.print("-XX:AOTConfiguration=");
1306     ss.print_raw(AOTConfiguration);
1307     append_args(&args, ss.freeze(), CHECK_0);
1308   }
1309 
1310   append_args(&args, "-XX:AOTMode=create", CHECK_0);
1311 
1312   Symbol* klass_name = SymbolTable::new_symbol("jdk/internal/misc/CDS$ProcessLauncher");
1313   Klass* k = SystemDictionary::resolve_or_fail(klass_name, true, CHECK_0);
1314   Symbol* methodName = SymbolTable::new_symbol("execWithJavaToolOptions");
1315   Symbol* methodSignature = SymbolTable::new_symbol("(Ljava/lang/String;[Ljava/lang/String;)I");
1316 
1317   Handle launcher = java_lang_String::create_from_str(java_launcher_path, CHECK_0);
1318   objArrayOop array = oopFactory::new_objArray(vmClasses::String_klass(), args.length(), CHECK_0);
1319   for (int i = 0; i < args.length(); i++) {
1320     array->obj_at_put(i, args.at(i)());
1321   }
1322   objArrayHandle launcher_args(THREAD, array);
1323 
1324   // The following call will pass all options inside the JAVA_TOOL_OPTIONS env variable to
1325   // the child process. It will also clear the _JAVA_OPTIONS and CLASSPATH env variables for
1326   // the child process.
1327   //
1328   // Note: the env variables are set only for the child process. They are not changed
1329   // for the current process. See java.lang.ProcessBuilder::environment().
1330   JavaValue result(T_OBJECT);
1331   JavaCallArguments javacall_args(2);
1332   javacall_args.push_oop(launcher);
1333   javacall_args.push_oop(launcher_args);
1334   JavaCalls::call_static(&result,
1335                           InstanceKlass::cast(k),
1336                           methodName,
1337                           methodSignature,
1338                           &javacall_args,
1339                           CHECK_0);
1340   return result.get_jint();
1341 }
1342 
1343 void AOTMetaspace::fork_and_dump_final_static_archive(TRAPS) {
1344   assert(CDSConfig::is_dumping_preimage_static_archive(), "sanity");
1345 
1346   ResourceMark rm;
1347   stringStream ss;
1348   print_java_launcher(&ss);
1349   const char* cmd = ss.freeze();
1350   tty->print_cr("Launching child process %s to assemble AOT cache %s using configuration %s", cmd, AOTCacheOutput, AOTConfiguration);
1351   int status = exec_jvm_with_java_tool_options(cmd, CHECK);
1352   if (status != 0) {
1353     log_error(aot)("Child process failed; status = %d", status);
1354     // We leave the temp config file for debugging
1355   } else if (CDSConfig::has_temp_aot_config_file()) {
1356     const char* tmp_config = AOTConfiguration;
1357     // On Windows, need WRITE permission to remove the file.
1358     WINDOWS_ONLY(chmod(tmp_config, _S_IREAD | _S_IWRITE));
1359     status = remove(tmp_config);
1360     if (status != 0) {
1361       log_error(aot)("Failed to remove temporary AOT configuration file %s", tmp_config);
1362     } else {
1363       tty->print_cr("Removed temporary AOT configuration file %s", tmp_config);
1364     }
1365   }
1366 }
1367 
1368 // Returns true if the class's status has changed.
1369 bool AOTMetaspace::try_link_class(JavaThread* current, InstanceKlass* ik) {
1370   ExceptionMark em(current);
1371   JavaThread* THREAD = current; // For exception macros.
1372   assert(CDSConfig::is_dumping_archive(), "sanity");
1373 
1374   if (ik->in_aot_cache() && !CDSConfig::is_dumping_final_static_archive()) {
1375     assert(CDSConfig::is_dumping_dynamic_archive(), "must be");
1376     return false;
1377   }
1378 
1379   if (ik->is_loaded() && !ik->is_linked() && ik->can_be_verified_at_dumptime() &&
1380       !SystemDictionaryShared::has_class_failed_verification(ik)) {
1381     bool saved = BytecodeVerificationLocal;
1382     if (ik->defined_by_other_loaders() && ik->class_loader() == nullptr) {
1383       // The verification decision is based on BytecodeVerificationRemote
1384       // for non-system classes. Since we are using the null classloader
1385       // to load non-system classes for customized class loaders during dumping,
1386       // we need to temporarily change BytecodeVerificationLocal to be the same as
1387       // BytecodeVerificationRemote. Note this can cause the parent system
1388       // classes also being verified. The extra overhead is acceptable during
1389       // dumping.
1390       BytecodeVerificationLocal = BytecodeVerificationRemote;
1391     }
1392     ik->link_class(THREAD);
1393     if (HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION) {
1394       ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
1395       oop message = java_lang_Throwable::message(current->pending_exception());
1396       aot_log_warning(aot)("Preload Warning: Verification failed for %s because a %s was thrown: %s",
1397                             ik->external_name(),
1398                             current->pending_exception()->klass()->external_name(),
1399                             message == nullptr ? "(no message)" : java_lang_String::as_utf8_string(message));
1400       CLEAR_PENDING_EXCEPTION;
1401       SystemDictionaryShared::set_class_has_failed_verification(ik);
1402     } else {
1403       assert(!SystemDictionaryShared::has_class_failed_verification(ik), "sanity");
1404       ik->compute_has_loops_flag_for_methods();
1405     }
1406     BytecodeVerificationLocal = saved;
1407     return true;
1408   } else {
1409     return false;
1410   }
1411 }
1412 
1413 void VM_PopulateDumpSharedSpace::dump_java_heap_objects() {
1414   if (CDSConfig::is_dumping_heap()) {
1415     HeapShared::write_heap(&_mapped_heap_info, &_streamed_heap_info);
1416   } else {
1417     CDSConfig::log_reasons_for_not_dumping_heap();
1418   }
1419 }
1420 
1421 void AOTMetaspace::set_aot_metaspace_range(void* base, void *static_top, void* top) {
1422   assert(base <= static_top && static_top <= top, "must be");
1423   _aot_metaspace_static_top = static_top;
1424   MetaspaceObj::set_aot_metaspace_range(base, top);
1425 }
1426 
1427 bool AOTMetaspace::in_aot_cache_dynamic_region(void* p) {
1428   if ((p < MetaspaceObj::aot_metaspace_top()) &&
1429       (p >= _aot_metaspace_static_top)) {
1430     return true;
1431   } else {
1432     return false;
1433   }
1434 }
1435 
1436 bool AOTMetaspace::in_aot_cache_static_region(void* p) {
1437   if (in_aot_cache(p) && !in_aot_cache_dynamic_region(p)) {
1438     return true;
1439   } else {
1440     return false;
1441   }
1442 }
1443 
1444 // This function is called when the JVM is unable to load the specified archive(s) due to one
1445 // of the following conditions.
1446 // - There's an error that indicates that the archive(s) files were corrupt or otherwise damaged.
1447 // - When -XX:+RequireSharedSpaces is specified, AND the JVM cannot load the archive(s) due
1448 //   to version or classpath mismatch.
1449 void AOTMetaspace::unrecoverable_loading_error(const char* message) {
1450   report_loading_error("%s", message);
1451 
1452   if (CDSConfig::is_dumping_final_static_archive()) {
1453     vm_exit_during_initialization("Must be a valid AOT configuration generated by the current JVM", AOTConfiguration);
1454   } else if (CDSConfig::new_aot_flags_used()) {
1455     vm_exit_during_initialization("Unable to use AOT cache.", nullptr);
1456   } else {
1457     vm_exit_during_initialization("Unable to use shared archive. Unrecoverable archive loading error (run with -Xlog:aot,cds for details)", message);
1458   }
1459 }
1460 
1461 void AOTMetaspace::report_loading_error(const char* format, ...) {
1462   // When using AOT cache, errors messages are always printed on the error channel.
1463   LogStream ls_aot(LogLevel::Error, LogTagSetMapping<LOG_TAGS(aot)>::tagset());
1464 
1465   // If we are loading load the default CDS archive, it may fail due to incompatible VM options.
1466   // Print at the info level to avoid excessive verbosity.
1467   // However, if the user has specified a CDS archive (or AOT cache), they would be interested in
1468   // knowing that the loading fails, so we print at the error level.
1469   LogLevelType level = (!CDSConfig::is_using_archive() || CDSConfig::is_using_only_default_archive()) ?
1470                         LogLevel::Info : LogLevel::Error;
1471   LogStream ls_cds(level, LogTagSetMapping<LOG_TAGS(cds)>::tagset());
1472 
1473   LogStream& ls = CDSConfig::new_aot_flags_used() ? ls_aot : ls_cds;
1474   if (!ls.is_enabled()) {
1475     return;
1476   }
1477 
1478   va_list ap;
1479   va_start(ap, format);
1480 
1481   static bool printed_error = false;
1482   if (!printed_error) { // No need for locks. Loading error checks happen only in main thread.
1483     ls.print_cr("An error has occurred while processing the %s. Run with -Xlog:%s for details.",
1484                 CDSConfig::type_of_archive_being_loaded(), CDSConfig::new_aot_flags_used() ? "aot" : "aot,cds");
1485     printed_error = true;
1486   }
1487   ls.vprint_cr(format, ap);
1488 
1489   va_end(ap);
1490 }
1491 
1492 // This function is called when the JVM is unable to write the specified CDS archive due to an
1493 // unrecoverable error.
1494 void AOTMetaspace::unrecoverable_writing_error(const char* message) {
1495   writing_error(message);
1496   vm_direct_exit(1);
1497 }
1498 
1499 // This function is called when the JVM is unable to write the specified CDS archive due to a
1500 // an error. The error will be propagated
1501 void AOTMetaspace::writing_error(const char* message) {
1502   aot_log_error(aot)("An error has occurred while writing the shared archive file.");
1503   if (message != nullptr) {
1504     aot_log_error(aot)("%s", message);
1505   }
1506 }
1507 
1508 void AOTMetaspace::initialize_runtime_shared_and_meta_spaces() {
1509   assert(CDSConfig::is_using_archive(), "Must be called when UseSharedSpaces is enabled");
1510   MapArchiveResult result = MAP_ARCHIVE_OTHER_FAILURE;
1511 
1512   FileMapInfo* static_mapinfo = FileMapInfo::current_info(); // may have been opened by init_heap_settings()
1513   if (static_mapinfo == nullptr) {
1514     static_mapinfo = open_static_archive();
1515   }
1516   FileMapInfo* dynamic_mapinfo = nullptr;
1517 
1518   if (static_mapinfo != nullptr) {
1519     aot_log_info(aot)("Core region alignment: %zu", static_mapinfo->core_region_alignment());
1520     dynamic_mapinfo = open_dynamic_archive();
1521 
1522     aot_log_info(aot)("ArchiveRelocationMode: %d", ArchiveRelocationMode);
1523 
1524     // First try to map at the requested address
1525     result = map_archives(static_mapinfo, dynamic_mapinfo, true);
1526     if (result == MAP_ARCHIVE_MMAP_FAILURE) {
1527       // Mapping has failed (probably due to ASLR). Let's map at an address chosen
1528       // by the OS.
1529       aot_log_info(aot)("Try to map archive(s) at an alternative address");
1530       result = map_archives(static_mapinfo, dynamic_mapinfo, false);
1531     }
1532   }
1533 
1534   if (result == MAP_ARCHIVE_SUCCESS) {
1535     bool dynamic_mapped = (dynamic_mapinfo != nullptr && dynamic_mapinfo->is_mapped());
1536     char* cds_base = static_mapinfo->mapped_base();
1537     char* cds_end =  dynamic_mapped ? dynamic_mapinfo->mapped_end() : static_mapinfo->mapped_end();
1538     // Register CDS memory region with LSan.
1539     LSAN_REGISTER_ROOT_REGION(cds_base, cds_end - cds_base);
1540     set_aot_metaspace_range(cds_base, static_mapinfo->mapped_end(), cds_end);
1541     _relocation_delta = static_mapinfo->relocation_delta();
1542     _requested_base_address = static_mapinfo->requested_base_address();
1543     if (dynamic_mapped) {
1544       // turn AutoCreateSharedArchive off if successfully mapped
1545       AutoCreateSharedArchive = false;
1546     }
1547   } else {
1548     set_aot_metaspace_range(nullptr, nullptr, nullptr);
1549     if (CDSConfig::is_dumping_dynamic_archive()) {
1550       aot_log_warning(aot)("-XX:ArchiveClassesAtExit is unsupported when base CDS archive is not loaded. Run with -Xlog:cds for more info.");
1551     }
1552     UseSharedSpaces = false;
1553     // The base archive cannot be mapped. We cannot dump the dynamic shared archive.
1554     AutoCreateSharedArchive = false;
1555     CDSConfig::disable_dumping_dynamic_archive();
1556     if (PrintSharedArchiveAndExit) {
1557       AOTMetaspace::unrecoverable_loading_error("Unable to use shared archive.");
1558     } else {
1559       if (RequireSharedSpaces) {
1560         AOTMetaspace::unrecoverable_loading_error("Unable to map shared spaces");
1561       } else {
1562         report_loading_error("Unable to map shared spaces");
1563       }
1564     }
1565   }
1566 
1567   // If mapping failed and -XShare:on, the vm should exit
1568   bool has_failed = false;
1569   if (static_mapinfo != nullptr && !static_mapinfo->is_mapped()) {
1570     has_failed = true;
1571     delete static_mapinfo;
1572   }
1573   if (dynamic_mapinfo != nullptr && !dynamic_mapinfo->is_mapped()) {
1574     has_failed = true;
1575     delete dynamic_mapinfo;
1576   }
1577   if (RequireSharedSpaces && has_failed) {
1578       AOTMetaspace::unrecoverable_loading_error("Unable to map shared spaces");
1579   }
1580 }
1581 
1582 FileMapInfo* AOTMetaspace::open_static_archive() {
1583   const char* static_archive = CDSConfig::input_static_archive_path();
1584   assert(static_archive != nullptr, "sanity");
1585   FileMapInfo* mapinfo = new FileMapInfo(static_archive, true);
1586   if (!mapinfo->open_as_input()) {
1587     delete(mapinfo);
1588     log_info(cds)("Opening of static archive %s failed", static_archive);
1589     return nullptr;
1590   }
1591   return mapinfo;
1592 }
1593 
1594 FileMapInfo* AOTMetaspace::open_dynamic_archive() {
1595   if (CDSConfig::is_dumping_dynamic_archive()) {
1596     return nullptr;
1597   }
1598   const char* dynamic_archive = CDSConfig::input_dynamic_archive_path();
1599   if (dynamic_archive == nullptr) {
1600     return nullptr;
1601   }
1602 
1603   FileMapInfo* mapinfo = new FileMapInfo(dynamic_archive, false);
1604   if (!mapinfo->open_as_input()) {
1605     delete(mapinfo);
1606     if (RequireSharedSpaces) {
1607       AOTMetaspace::unrecoverable_loading_error("Failed to initialize dynamic archive");
1608     }
1609     return nullptr;
1610   }
1611   return mapinfo;
1612 }
1613 
1614 // use_requested_addr:
1615 //  true  = map at FileMapHeader::_requested_base_address
1616 //  false = map at an alternative address picked by OS.
1617 MapArchiveResult AOTMetaspace::map_archives(FileMapInfo* static_mapinfo, FileMapInfo* dynamic_mapinfo,
1618                                             bool use_requested_addr) {
1619   if (use_requested_addr && static_mapinfo->requested_base_address() == nullptr) {
1620     aot_log_info(aot)("Archive(s) were created with -XX:SharedBaseAddress=0. Always map at os-selected address.");
1621     return MAP_ARCHIVE_MMAP_FAILURE;
1622   }
1623 
1624   PRODUCT_ONLY(if (ArchiveRelocationMode == 1 && use_requested_addr) {
1625       // For product build only -- this is for benchmarking the cost of doing relocation.
1626       // For debug builds, the check is done below, after reserving the space, for better test coverage
1627       // (see comment below).
1628       aot_log_info(aot)("ArchiveRelocationMode == 1: always map archive(s) at an alternative address");
1629       return MAP_ARCHIVE_MMAP_FAILURE;
1630     });
1631 
1632   if (ArchiveRelocationMode == 2 && !use_requested_addr) {
1633     aot_log_info(aot)("ArchiveRelocationMode == 2: never map archive(s) at an alternative address");
1634     return MAP_ARCHIVE_MMAP_FAILURE;
1635   };
1636 
1637   if (dynamic_mapinfo != nullptr) {
1638     // Ensure that the OS won't be able to allocate new memory spaces between the two
1639     // archives, or else it would mess up the simple comparison in MetaspaceObj::in_aot_cache().
1640     assert(static_mapinfo->mapping_end_offset() == dynamic_mapinfo->mapping_base_offset(), "no gap");
1641   }
1642 
1643   ReservedSpace total_space_rs, archive_space_rs, class_space_rs;
1644   MapArchiveResult result = MAP_ARCHIVE_OTHER_FAILURE;
1645   size_t prot_zone_size = 0;
1646   char* mapped_base_address = reserve_address_space_for_archives(static_mapinfo,
1647                                                                  dynamic_mapinfo,
1648                                                                  use_requested_addr,
1649                                                                  total_space_rs,
1650                                                                  archive_space_rs,
1651                                                                  class_space_rs);
1652   if (mapped_base_address == nullptr) {
1653     result = MAP_ARCHIVE_MMAP_FAILURE;
1654     aot_log_debug(aot)("Failed to reserve spaces (use_requested_addr=%u)", (unsigned)use_requested_addr);
1655   } else {
1656 
1657     CLASS_SPACE_ONLY(prot_zone_size = protection_zone_size();)
1658 
1659     // Some sanity checks after reserving address spaces for archives
1660     //  and class space.
1661     assert(archive_space_rs.is_reserved(), "Sanity");
1662 
1663 #if INCLUDE_CLASS_SPACE
1664     assert(archive_space_rs.base() == mapped_base_address &&
1665         archive_space_rs.size() > protection_zone_size(),
1666         "Archive space must lead and include the protection zone");
1667     // Class space must closely follow the archive space. Both spaces
1668     //  must be aligned correctly.
1669     assert(class_space_rs.is_reserved() && class_space_rs.size() > 0,
1670            "A class space should have been reserved");
1671     assert(class_space_rs.base() >= archive_space_rs.end(),
1672            "class space should follow the cds archive space");
1673     assert(is_aligned(archive_space_rs.base(),
1674                       core_region_alignment()),
1675            "Archive space misaligned");
1676     assert(is_aligned(class_space_rs.base(),
1677                       Metaspace::reserve_alignment()),
1678            "class space misaligned");
1679 #endif // INCLUDE_CLASS_SPACE
1680 
1681     aot_log_info(aot)("Reserved archive_space_rs [" INTPTR_FORMAT " - " INTPTR_FORMAT "] (%zu) bytes%s",
1682                    p2i(archive_space_rs.base()), p2i(archive_space_rs.end()), archive_space_rs.size(),
1683                    (prot_zone_size > 0 ? " (includes protection zone)" : ""));
1684     aot_log_info(aot)("Reserved class_space_rs   [" INTPTR_FORMAT " - " INTPTR_FORMAT "] (%zu) bytes",
1685                    p2i(class_space_rs.base()), p2i(class_space_rs.end()), class_space_rs.size());
1686 
1687     if (AOTMetaspace::use_windows_memory_mapping()) {
1688       // We have now reserved address space for the archives, and will map in
1689       //  the archive files into this space.
1690       //
1691       // Special handling for Windows: on Windows we cannot map a file view
1692       //  into an existing memory mapping. So, we unmap the address range we
1693       //  just reserved again, which will make it available for mapping the
1694       //  archives.
1695       // Reserving this range has not been for naught however since it makes
1696       //  us reasonably sure the address range is available.
1697       //
1698       // But still it may fail, since between unmapping the range and mapping
1699       //  in the archive someone else may grab the address space. Therefore
1700       //  there is a fallback in FileMap::map_region() where we just read in
1701       //  the archive files sequentially instead of mapping it in. We couple
1702       //  this with use_requested_addr, since we're going to patch all the
1703       //  pointers anyway so there's no benefit to mmap.
1704       if (use_requested_addr) {
1705         assert(!total_space_rs.is_reserved(), "Should not be reserved for Windows");
1706         aot_log_info(aot)("Windows mmap workaround: releasing archive space.");
1707         MemoryReserver::release(archive_space_rs);
1708         // Mark as not reserved
1709         archive_space_rs = {};
1710         // The protection zone is part of the archive:
1711         // See comment above, the Windows way of loading CDS is to mmap the individual
1712         // parts of the archive into the address region we just vacated. The protection
1713         // zone will not be mapped (and, in fact, does not exist as physical region in
1714         // the archive). Therefore, after removing the archive space above, we must
1715         // re-reserve the protection zone part lest something else gets mapped into that
1716         // area later.
1717         if (prot_zone_size > 0) {
1718           assert(prot_zone_size >= os::vm_allocation_granularity(), "must be"); // not just page size!
1719           char* p = os::attempt_reserve_memory_at(mapped_base_address, prot_zone_size,
1720                                                   mtClassShared);
1721           assert(p == mapped_base_address || p == nullptr, "must be");
1722           if (p == nullptr) {
1723             aot_log_debug(aot)("Failed to re-reserve protection zone");
1724             return MAP_ARCHIVE_MMAP_FAILURE;
1725           }
1726         }
1727       }
1728     }
1729 
1730     if (prot_zone_size > 0) {
1731       os::commit_memory(mapped_base_address, prot_zone_size, false); // will later be protected
1732       // Before mapping the core regions into the newly established address space, we mark
1733       // start and the end of the future protection zone with canaries. That way we easily
1734       // catch mapping errors (accidentally mapping data into the future protection zone).
1735       *(mapped_base_address) = 'P';
1736       *(mapped_base_address + prot_zone_size - 1) = 'P';
1737     }
1738 
1739     MapArchiveResult static_result = map_archive(static_mapinfo, mapped_base_address, archive_space_rs);
1740     MapArchiveResult dynamic_result = (static_result == MAP_ARCHIVE_SUCCESS) ?
1741                                      map_archive(dynamic_mapinfo, mapped_base_address, archive_space_rs) : MAP_ARCHIVE_OTHER_FAILURE;
1742 
1743     DEBUG_ONLY(if (ArchiveRelocationMode == 1 && use_requested_addr) {
1744       // This is for simulating mmap failures at the requested address. In
1745       //  debug builds, we do it here (after all archives have possibly been
1746       //  mapped), so we can thoroughly test the code for failure handling
1747       //  (releasing all allocated resource, etc).
1748       aot_log_info(aot)("ArchiveRelocationMode == 1: always map archive(s) at an alternative address");
1749       if (static_result == MAP_ARCHIVE_SUCCESS) {
1750         static_result = MAP_ARCHIVE_MMAP_FAILURE;
1751       }
1752       if (dynamic_result == MAP_ARCHIVE_SUCCESS) {
1753         dynamic_result = MAP_ARCHIVE_MMAP_FAILURE;
1754       }
1755     });
1756 
1757     if (static_result == MAP_ARCHIVE_SUCCESS) {
1758       if (dynamic_result == MAP_ARCHIVE_SUCCESS) {
1759         result = MAP_ARCHIVE_SUCCESS;
1760       } else if (dynamic_result == MAP_ARCHIVE_OTHER_FAILURE) {
1761         assert(dynamic_mapinfo != nullptr && !dynamic_mapinfo->is_mapped(), "must have failed");
1762         // No need to retry mapping the dynamic archive again, as it will never succeed
1763         // (bad file, etc) -- just keep the base archive.
1764         log_warning(cds, dynamic)("Unable to use shared archive. The top archive failed to load: %s",
1765                                   dynamic_mapinfo->full_path());
1766         result = MAP_ARCHIVE_SUCCESS;
1767         // TODO, we can give the unused space for the dynamic archive to class_space_rs, but there's no
1768         // easy API to do that right now.
1769       } else {
1770         result = MAP_ARCHIVE_MMAP_FAILURE;
1771       }
1772     } else if (static_result == MAP_ARCHIVE_OTHER_FAILURE) {
1773       result = MAP_ARCHIVE_OTHER_FAILURE;
1774     } else {
1775       result = MAP_ARCHIVE_MMAP_FAILURE;
1776     }
1777   }
1778 
1779   if (result == MAP_ARCHIVE_SUCCESS) {
1780     SharedBaseAddress = (size_t)mapped_base_address;
1781 #if INCLUDE_CLASS_SPACE
1782     assert(prot_zone_size > 0 &&
1783            *(mapped_base_address) == 'P' &&
1784            *(mapped_base_address + prot_zone_size - 1) == 'P',
1785            "Protection zone was overwritten?");
1786     // Set up ccs in metaspace.
1787     Metaspace::initialize_class_space(class_space_rs);
1788 
1789     // Set up compressed Klass pointer encoding: the encoding range must
1790     //  cover both archive and class space.
1791     const address klass_range_start = (address)mapped_base_address;
1792     const size_t klass_range_size = (address)class_space_rs.end() - klass_range_start;
1793     if (INCLUDE_CDS_JAVA_HEAP || UseCompactObjectHeaders) {
1794       // The CDS archive may contain narrow Klass IDs that were precomputed at archive generation time:
1795       // - every archived java object header (only if INCLUDE_CDS_JAVA_HEAP)
1796       // - every archived Klass' prototype   (only if +UseCompactObjectHeaders)
1797       //
1798       // In order for those IDs to still be valid, we need to dictate base and shift: base should be the
1799       // mapping start (including protection zone), shift should be the shift used at archive generation time.
1800       CompressedKlassPointers::initialize_for_given_encoding(
1801         klass_range_start, klass_range_size,
1802         klass_range_start, ArchiveBuilder::precomputed_narrow_klass_shift() // precomputed encoding, see ArchiveBuilder
1803       );
1804       assert(CompressedKlassPointers::base() == klass_range_start, "must be");
1805     } else {
1806       // Let JVM freely choose encoding base and shift
1807       CompressedKlassPointers::initialize(klass_range_start, klass_range_size);
1808       assert(CompressedKlassPointers::base() == nullptr ||
1809              CompressedKlassPointers::base() == klass_range_start, "must be");
1810     }
1811     // Establish protection zone, but only if we need one
1812     if (CompressedKlassPointers::base() == klass_range_start) {
1813       CompressedKlassPointers::establish_protection_zone(klass_range_start, prot_zone_size);
1814     }
1815 
1816     if (static_mapinfo->can_use_heap_region()) {
1817       if (static_mapinfo->object_streaming_mode()) {
1818         HeapShared::initialize_loading_mode(HeapArchiveMode::_streaming);
1819       } else {
1820         // map_or_load_heap_region() compares the current narrow oop and klass encodings
1821         // with the archived ones, so it must be done after all encodings are determined.
1822         static_mapinfo->map_or_load_heap_region();
1823         HeapShared::initialize_loading_mode(HeapArchiveMode::_mapping);
1824       }
1825     } else {
1826       FileMapRegion* r = static_mapinfo->region_at(AOTMetaspace::hp);
1827       if (r->used() > 0) {
1828         AOTMetaspace::report_loading_error("Cannot use CDS heap data.");
1829       }
1830       if (!CDSConfig::is_dumping_static_archive()) {
1831         CDSConfig::stop_using_full_module_graph("No CDS heap data");
1832       }
1833     }
1834 #endif // INCLUDE_CLASS_SPACE
1835     log_info(aot)("initial optimized module handling: %s", CDSConfig::is_using_optimized_module_handling() ? "enabled" : "disabled");
1836     log_info(aot)("initial full module graph: %s", CDSConfig::is_using_full_module_graph() ? "enabled" : "disabled");
1837   } else {
1838     unmap_archive(static_mapinfo);
1839     unmap_archive(dynamic_mapinfo);
1840     release_reserved_spaces(total_space_rs, archive_space_rs, class_space_rs);
1841   }
1842 
1843   return result;
1844 }
1845 
1846 
1847 // This will reserve two address spaces suitable to house Klass structures, one
1848 //  for the cds archives (static archive and optionally dynamic archive) and
1849 //  optionally one move for ccs.
1850 //
1851 // Since both spaces must fall within the compressed class pointer encoding
1852 //  range, they are allocated close to each other.
1853 //
1854 // Space for archives will be reserved first, followed by a potential gap,
1855 //  followed by the space for ccs:
1856 //
1857 // +-- Base address             A        B                     End
1858 // |                            |        |                      |
1859 // v                            v        v                      v
1860 // +-------------+--------------+        +----------------------+
1861 // | static arc  | [dyn. arch]  | [gap]  | compr. class space   |
1862 // +-------------+--------------+        +----------------------+
1863 //
1864 // (The gap may result from different alignment requirements between metaspace
1865 //  and CDS)
1866 //
1867 // The range encompassing both spaces will be suitable to en/decode narrow Klass
1868 //  pointers: the base will be valid for encoding the range [Base, End) and not
1869 //  surpass the max. range for that encoding.
1870 //
1871 // On 32-bit, a "narrow" Klass is just the pointer itself, and the Klass encoding
1872 //  range encompasses the whole address range. Consequently, we can "decode" and
1873 //  "encode" any pointer anywhere, and so are free to place the CDS archive anywhere:
1874 //
1875 // +-- Base address             End
1876 // |                            |
1877 // v                            v
1878 // +-------------+--------------+
1879 // | static arc  | [dyn. arch]  |
1880 // +-------------+--------------+
1881 //
1882 // Base address: If use_archive_base_addr address is true, the Base address is
1883 //  determined by the address stored in the static archive. If
1884 //  use_archive_base_addr address is false, this base address is determined
1885 //  by the platform.
1886 //
1887 // Return:
1888 //
1889 // - On success:
1890 //    - total_space_rs will be reserved as whole for archive_space_rs and
1891 //      class_space_rs on 64-bit.
1892 //      On Windows, try reserve archive_space_rs and class_space_rs
1893 //      separately first if use_archive_base_addr is true.
1894 //    - archive_space_rs will be reserved and large enough to host static and
1895 //      if needed dynamic archive: [Base, A).
1896 //      archive_space_rs.base and size will be aligned to CDS reserve
1897 //      granularity.
1898 //    - class_space_rs: On 64-bit, class_space_rs will be reserved. Its start
1899 //      address will be aligned to metaspace reserve alignment, which may differ
1900 //      from CDS alignment. It will follow the cds archive space, close enough
1901 //      such that narrow class pointer encoding covers both spaces.
1902 // - On error: null is returned and the spaces remain unreserved.
1903 char* AOTMetaspace::reserve_address_space_for_archives(FileMapInfo* static_mapinfo,
1904                                                        FileMapInfo* dynamic_mapinfo,
1905                                                        bool use_archive_base_addr,
1906                                                        ReservedSpace& total_space_rs,
1907                                                        ReservedSpace& archive_space_rs,
1908                                                        ReservedSpace& class_space_rs) {
1909 
1910   address const base_address = (address) (use_archive_base_addr ? static_mapinfo->requested_base_address() : nullptr);
1911   const size_t archive_space_alignment = core_region_alignment();
1912 
1913   // Size and requested location of the archive_space_rs (for both static and dynamic archives)
1914   size_t archive_end_offset  = (dynamic_mapinfo == nullptr) ? static_mapinfo->mapping_end_offset() : dynamic_mapinfo->mapping_end_offset();
1915   size_t archive_space_size = align_up(archive_end_offset, archive_space_alignment);
1916 
1917 #if !INCLUDE_CLASS_SPACE
1918 
1919   // Get the simple case out of the way first:
1920   // no compressed class space, simple allocation.
1921 
1922   // When running without class space, requested archive base should be aligned to cds core alignment.
1923   assert(is_aligned(base_address, archive_space_alignment),
1924            "Archive base address unaligned: " PTR_FORMAT ", needs alignment: %zu.",
1925            p2i(base_address), archive_space_alignment);
1926 
1927   archive_space_rs = MemoryReserver::reserve((char*)base_address,
1928                                              archive_space_size,
1929                                              archive_space_alignment,
1930                                              os::vm_page_size(),
1931                                              mtNone);
1932   if (archive_space_rs.is_reserved()) {
1933     assert(base_address == nullptr ||
1934            (address)archive_space_rs.base() == base_address, "Sanity");
1935     // Register archive space with NMT.
1936     MemTracker::record_virtual_memory_tag(archive_space_rs, mtClassShared);
1937     return archive_space_rs.base();
1938   }
1939 
1940   return nullptr;
1941 
1942 #else
1943 
1944   // INCLUDE_CLASS_SPACE=1
1945   // Complex case: two spaces adjacent to each other, both to be addressable
1946   //  with narrow class pointers.
1947   // We reserve the whole range spanning both spaces, then split that range up.
1948 
1949   const size_t class_space_alignment = Metaspace::reserve_alignment();
1950 
1951   // When running with class space, requested archive base must satisfy both cds core alignment
1952   // and class space alignment.
1953   const size_t base_address_alignment = MAX2(class_space_alignment, archive_space_alignment);
1954   assert(is_aligned(base_address, base_address_alignment),
1955            "Archive base address unaligned: " PTR_FORMAT ", needs alignment: %zu.",
1956            p2i(base_address), base_address_alignment);
1957 
1958   size_t class_space_size = CompressedClassSpaceSize;
1959   assert(CompressedClassSpaceSize > 0 &&
1960          is_aligned(CompressedClassSpaceSize, class_space_alignment),
1961          "CompressedClassSpaceSize malformed: %zu", CompressedClassSpaceSize);
1962 
1963   const size_t ccs_begin_offset = align_up(archive_space_size, class_space_alignment);
1964   const size_t gap_size = ccs_begin_offset - archive_space_size;
1965 
1966   // Reduce class space size if it would not fit into the Klass encoding range
1967   constexpr size_t max_encoding_range_size = 4 * G;
1968   guarantee(archive_space_size < max_encoding_range_size - class_space_alignment, "Archive too large");
1969   if ((archive_space_size + gap_size + class_space_size) > max_encoding_range_size) {
1970     class_space_size = align_down(max_encoding_range_size - archive_space_size - gap_size, class_space_alignment);
1971     log_info(metaspace)("CDS initialization: reducing class space size from %zu to %zu",
1972         CompressedClassSpaceSize, class_space_size);
1973     FLAG_SET_ERGO(CompressedClassSpaceSize, class_space_size);
1974   }
1975 
1976   const size_t total_range_size =
1977       archive_space_size + gap_size + class_space_size;
1978 
1979   // The code for dumping the archive ensures that the base address is valid.
1980   // Here we validate that the base address plus shift can be decoded when
1981   // restored.
1982   assert(shared_base_valid((char*)base_address),
1983       "Cannot use SharedBaseAddress " PTR_FORMAT " with precomputed shift %d.",
1984       p2i(base_address), ArchiveBuilder::precomputed_narrow_klass_shift());
1985 
1986   assert(total_range_size > ccs_begin_offset, "must be");
1987   if (use_windows_memory_mapping() && use_archive_base_addr) {
1988     if (base_address != nullptr) {
1989       // On Windows, we cannot safely split a reserved memory space into two (see JDK-8255917).
1990       // Hence, we optimistically reserve archive space and class space side-by-side. We only
1991       // do this for use_archive_base_addr=true since for use_archive_base_addr=false case
1992       // caller will not split the combined space for mapping, instead read the archive data
1993       // via sequential file IO.
1994       address ccs_base = base_address + archive_space_size + gap_size;
1995       archive_space_rs = MemoryReserver::reserve((char*)base_address,
1996                                                  archive_space_size,
1997                                                  archive_space_alignment,
1998                                                  os::vm_page_size(),
1999                                                  mtNone);
2000       class_space_rs   = MemoryReserver::reserve((char*)ccs_base,
2001                                                  class_space_size,
2002                                                  class_space_alignment,
2003                                                  os::vm_page_size(),
2004                                                  mtNone);
2005     }
2006     if (!archive_space_rs.is_reserved() || !class_space_rs.is_reserved()) {
2007       release_reserved_spaces(total_space_rs, archive_space_rs, class_space_rs);
2008       return nullptr;
2009     }
2010     MemTracker::record_virtual_memory_tag(archive_space_rs, mtClassShared);
2011     MemTracker::record_virtual_memory_tag(class_space_rs, mtClass);
2012   } else {
2013     if (use_archive_base_addr && base_address != nullptr) {
2014       total_space_rs = MemoryReserver::reserve((char*) base_address,
2015                                                total_range_size,
2016                                                base_address_alignment,
2017                                                os::vm_page_size(),
2018                                                mtNone);
2019     } else {
2020       // We did not manage to reserve at the preferred address, or were instructed to relocate. In that
2021       // case we reserve wherever possible, but the start address needs to be encodable as narrow Klass
2022       // encoding base since the archived heap objects contain narrow Klass IDs pre-calculated toward the start
2023       // of the shared Metaspace. That prevents us from using zero-based encoding and therefore we won't
2024       // try allocating in low-address regions.
2025       total_space_rs = Metaspace::reserve_address_space_for_compressed_classes(total_range_size, false /* optimize_for_zero_base */);
2026     }
2027 
2028     if (!total_space_rs.is_reserved()) {
2029       return nullptr;
2030     }
2031 
2032     // Paranoid checks:
2033     assert(!use_archive_base_addr || (address)total_space_rs.base() == base_address,
2034            "Sanity (" PTR_FORMAT " vs " PTR_FORMAT ")", p2i(base_address), p2i(total_space_rs.base()));
2035     assert(is_aligned(total_space_rs.base(), base_address_alignment), "Sanity");
2036     assert(total_space_rs.size() == total_range_size, "Sanity");
2037 
2038     // Now split up the space into ccs and cds archive. For simplicity, just leave
2039     //  the gap reserved at the end of the archive space. Do not do real splitting.
2040     archive_space_rs = total_space_rs.first_part(ccs_begin_offset,
2041                                                  (size_t)archive_space_alignment);
2042     class_space_rs = total_space_rs.last_part(ccs_begin_offset);
2043     MemTracker::record_virtual_memory_split_reserved(total_space_rs.base(), total_space_rs.size(),
2044                                                      ccs_begin_offset, mtClassShared, mtClass);
2045   }
2046   assert(is_aligned(archive_space_rs.base(), archive_space_alignment), "Sanity");
2047   assert(is_aligned(archive_space_rs.size(), archive_space_alignment), "Sanity");
2048   assert(is_aligned(class_space_rs.base(), class_space_alignment), "Sanity");
2049   assert(is_aligned(class_space_rs.size(), class_space_alignment), "Sanity");
2050 
2051 
2052   return archive_space_rs.base();
2053 
2054 #endif // INCLUDE_CLASS_SPACE
2055 }
2056 
2057 void AOTMetaspace::release_reserved_spaces(ReservedSpace& total_space_rs,
2058                                            ReservedSpace& archive_space_rs,
2059                                            ReservedSpace& class_space_rs) {
2060   if (total_space_rs.is_reserved()) {
2061     aot_log_debug(aot)("Released shared space (archive + class) " INTPTR_FORMAT, p2i(total_space_rs.base()));
2062     MemoryReserver::release(total_space_rs);
2063     total_space_rs = {};
2064   } else {
2065     if (archive_space_rs.is_reserved()) {
2066       aot_log_debug(aot)("Released shared space (archive) " INTPTR_FORMAT, p2i(archive_space_rs.base()));
2067       MemoryReserver::release(archive_space_rs);
2068       archive_space_rs = {};
2069     }
2070     if (class_space_rs.is_reserved()) {
2071       aot_log_debug(aot)("Released shared space (classes) " INTPTR_FORMAT, p2i(class_space_rs.base()));
2072       MemoryReserver::release(class_space_rs);
2073       class_space_rs = {};
2074     }
2075   }
2076 }
2077 
2078 static int archive_regions[]     = { AOTMetaspace::rw, AOTMetaspace::ro };
2079 static int archive_regions_count = 2;
2080 
2081 MapArchiveResult AOTMetaspace::map_archive(FileMapInfo* mapinfo, char* mapped_base_address, ReservedSpace rs) {
2082   assert(CDSConfig::is_using_archive(), "must be runtime");
2083   if (mapinfo == nullptr) {
2084     return MAP_ARCHIVE_SUCCESS; // The dynamic archive has not been specified. No error has happened -- trivially succeeded.
2085   }
2086 
2087   mapinfo->set_is_mapped(false);
2088   if (mapinfo->core_region_alignment() != (size_t)core_region_alignment()) {
2089     report_loading_error("Unable to map CDS archive -- core_region_alignment() expected: %zu"
2090                          " actual: %zu", mapinfo->core_region_alignment(), core_region_alignment());
2091     return MAP_ARCHIVE_OTHER_FAILURE;
2092   }
2093 
2094   MapArchiveResult result =
2095     mapinfo->map_regions(archive_regions, archive_regions_count, mapped_base_address, rs);
2096 
2097   if (result != MAP_ARCHIVE_SUCCESS) {
2098     unmap_archive(mapinfo);
2099     return result;
2100   }
2101 
2102   if (!mapinfo->validate_class_location()) {
2103     unmap_archive(mapinfo);
2104     return MAP_ARCHIVE_OTHER_FAILURE;
2105   }
2106 
2107   if (mapinfo->is_static()) {
2108     // Currently, only static archive uses early serialized data.
2109     char* buffer = mapinfo->early_serialized_data();
2110     intptr_t* array = (intptr_t*)buffer;
2111     ReadClosure rc(&array, (address)mapped_base_address);
2112     early_serialize(&rc);
2113   }
2114 
2115   if (!mapinfo->validate_aot_class_linking()) {
2116     unmap_archive(mapinfo);
2117     return MAP_ARCHIVE_OTHER_FAILURE;
2118   }
2119 
2120   mapinfo->set_is_mapped(true);
2121   return MAP_ARCHIVE_SUCCESS;
2122 }
2123 
2124 void AOTMetaspace::unmap_archive(FileMapInfo* mapinfo) {
2125   assert(CDSConfig::is_using_archive(), "must be runtime");
2126   if (mapinfo != nullptr) {
2127     mapinfo->unmap_regions(archive_regions, archive_regions_count);
2128     mapinfo->unmap_region(AOTMetaspace::bm);
2129     mapinfo->set_is_mapped(false);
2130   }
2131 }
2132 
2133 // For -XX:PrintSharedArchiveAndExit
2134 class CountSharedSymbols : public SymbolClosure {
2135  private:
2136    size_t _count;
2137  public:
2138    CountSharedSymbols() : _count(0) {}
2139   void do_symbol(Symbol** sym) {
2140     _count++;
2141   }
2142   size_t total() { return _count; }
2143 
2144 };
2145 
2146 // Read the miscellaneous data from the shared file, and
2147 // serialize it out to its various destinations.
2148 
2149 void AOTMetaspace::initialize_shared_spaces() {
2150   FileMapInfo *static_mapinfo = FileMapInfo::current_info();
2151   FileMapInfo *dynamic_mapinfo = FileMapInfo::dynamic_info();
2152 
2153   // Verify various attributes of the archive, plus initialize the
2154   // shared string/symbol tables.
2155   char* buffer = static_mapinfo->serialized_data();
2156   intptr_t* array = (intptr_t*)buffer;
2157   ReadClosure rc(&array, (address)SharedBaseAddress);
2158   serialize(&rc);
2159 
2160   // Finish initializing the heap dump mode used in the archive
2161   // Heap initialization can be done only after vtables are initialized by ReadClosure.
2162   HeapShared::finalize_initialization(static_mapinfo);
2163   Universe::load_archived_object_instances();
2164 
2165   AOTCodeCache::initialize();
2166 
2167   if (dynamic_mapinfo != nullptr) {
2168     intptr_t* buffer = (intptr_t*)dynamic_mapinfo->serialized_data();
2169     ReadClosure rc(&buffer, (address)SharedBaseAddress);
2170     DynamicArchive::serialize(&rc);
2171   }
2172 
2173   LogStreamHandle(Info, aot) lsh;
2174   if (lsh.is_enabled()) {
2175     lsh.print("Using AOT-linked classes: %s (static archive: %s aot-linked classes",
2176               BOOL_TO_STR(CDSConfig::is_using_aot_linked_classes()),
2177               static_mapinfo->header()->has_aot_linked_classes() ? "has" : "no");
2178     if (dynamic_mapinfo != nullptr) {
2179       lsh.print(", dynamic archive: %s aot-linked classes",
2180                 dynamic_mapinfo->header()->has_aot_linked_classes() ? "has" : "no");
2181     }
2182     lsh.print_cr(")");
2183   }
2184 
2185   // Set up LambdaFormInvokers::_lambdaform_lines for dynamic dump
2186   if (CDSConfig::is_dumping_dynamic_archive()) {
2187     // Read stored LF format lines stored in static archive
2188     LambdaFormInvokers::read_static_archive_invokers();
2189   }
2190 
2191   if (PrintSharedArchiveAndExit) {
2192     // Print archive names
2193     if (dynamic_mapinfo != nullptr) {
2194       tty->print_cr("\n\nBase archive name: %s", CDSConfig::input_static_archive_path());
2195       tty->print_cr("Base archive version %d", static_mapinfo->version());
2196     } else {
2197       tty->print_cr("Static archive name: %s", static_mapinfo->full_path());
2198       tty->print_cr("Static archive version %d", static_mapinfo->version());
2199     }
2200 
2201     SystemDictionaryShared::print_shared_archive(tty);
2202     if (dynamic_mapinfo != nullptr) {
2203       tty->print_cr("\n\nDynamic archive name: %s", dynamic_mapinfo->full_path());
2204       tty->print_cr("Dynamic archive version %d", dynamic_mapinfo->version());
2205       SystemDictionaryShared::print_shared_archive(tty, false/*dynamic*/);
2206     }
2207 
2208     TrainingData::print_archived_training_data_on(tty);
2209 
2210     AOTCodeCache::print_on(tty);
2211 
2212     // collect shared symbols and strings
2213     CountSharedSymbols cl;
2214     SymbolTable::shared_symbols_do(&cl);
2215     tty->print_cr("Number of shared symbols: %zu", cl.total());
2216     if (HeapShared::is_loading() && HeapShared::is_loading_mapping_mode()) {
2217       tty->print_cr("Number of shared strings: %zu", StringTable::shared_entry_count());
2218     }
2219     tty->print_cr("VM version: %s\r\n", static_mapinfo->vm_version());
2220     if (FileMapInfo::current_info() == nullptr || _archive_loading_failed) {
2221       tty->print_cr("archive is invalid");
2222       vm_exit(1);
2223     } else {
2224       tty->print_cr("archive is valid");
2225       vm_exit(0);
2226     }
2227   }
2228 }
2229 
2230 // JVM/TI RedefineClasses() support:
2231 bool AOTMetaspace::remap_shared_readonly_as_readwrite() {
2232   assert(SafepointSynchronize::is_at_safepoint(), "must be at safepoint");
2233 
2234   if (CDSConfig::is_using_archive()) {
2235     // remap the shared readonly space to shared readwrite, private
2236     FileMapInfo* mapinfo = FileMapInfo::current_info();
2237     if (!mapinfo->remap_shared_readonly_as_readwrite()) {
2238       return false;
2239     }
2240     if (FileMapInfo::dynamic_info() != nullptr) {
2241       mapinfo = FileMapInfo::dynamic_info();
2242       if (!mapinfo->remap_shared_readonly_as_readwrite()) {
2243         return false;
2244       }
2245     }
2246     _remapped_readwrite = true;
2247   }
2248   return true;
2249 }
2250 
2251 void AOTMetaspace::print_on(outputStream* st) {
2252   if (CDSConfig::is_using_archive()) {
2253     st->print("CDS archive(s) mapped at: ");
2254     address base = (address)MetaspaceObj::aot_metaspace_base();
2255     address static_top = (address)_aot_metaspace_static_top;
2256     address top = (address)MetaspaceObj::aot_metaspace_top();
2257     st->print("[" PTR_FORMAT "-" PTR_FORMAT "-" PTR_FORMAT "), ", p2i(base), p2i(static_top), p2i(top));
2258     st->print("size %zu, ", top - base);
2259     st->print("SharedBaseAddress: " PTR_FORMAT ", ArchiveRelocationMode: %d.", SharedBaseAddress, ArchiveRelocationMode);
2260   } else {
2261     st->print("CDS archive(s) not mapped");
2262   }
2263   st->cr();
2264 }