1 /*
   2  * Copyright (c) 2018, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
   3  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
   4  *
   5  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
   6  * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
   7  * published by the Free Software Foundation.
   8  *
   9  * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
  10  * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
  11  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
  12  * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
  13  * accompanied this code).
  14  *
  15  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
  16  * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
  17  * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
  18  *
  19  * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
  20  * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
  21  * questions.
  22  *
  23  */
  24 
  25 #include "cds/aotArtifactFinder.hpp"
  26 #include "cds/aotClassInitializer.hpp"
  27 #include "cds/aotClassLocation.hpp"
  28 #include "cds/aotLogging.hpp"
  29 #include "cds/aotMappedHeapLoader.hpp"
  30 #include "cds/aotMappedHeapWriter.hpp"
  31 #include "cds/aotMetaspace.hpp"
  32 #include "cds/aotOopChecker.hpp"
  33 #include "cds/aotReferenceObjSupport.hpp"
  34 #include "cds/aotStreamedHeapLoader.hpp"
  35 #include "cds/aotStreamedHeapWriter.hpp"
  36 #include "cds/archiveBuilder.hpp"
  37 #include "cds/archiveUtils.hpp"
  38 #include "cds/cds_globals.hpp"
  39 #include "cds/cdsConfig.hpp"
  40 #include "cds/cdsEnumKlass.hpp"
  41 #include "cds/cdsHeapVerifier.hpp"
  42 #include "cds/heapShared.inline.hpp"
  43 #include "cds/regeneratedClasses.hpp"
  44 #include "classfile/classLoaderData.hpp"
  45 #include "classfile/javaClasses.inline.hpp"
  46 #include "classfile/modules.hpp"
  47 #include "classfile/stringTable.hpp"
  48 #include "classfile/symbolTable.hpp"
  49 #include "classfile/systemDictionary.hpp"
  50 #include "classfile/systemDictionaryShared.hpp"
  51 #include "classfile/vmClasses.hpp"
  52 #include "classfile/vmSymbols.hpp"
  53 #include "gc/shared/collectedHeap.hpp"
  54 #include "gc/shared/gcLocker.hpp"
  55 #include "gc/shared/gcVMOperations.hpp"
  56 #include "logging/log.hpp"
  57 #include "logging/logStream.hpp"
  58 #include "memory/iterator.inline.hpp"
  59 #include "memory/resourceArea.hpp"
  60 #include "memory/universe.hpp"
  61 #include "oops/compressedOops.inline.hpp"
  62 #include "oops/fieldStreams.inline.hpp"
  63 #include "oops/objArrayOop.inline.hpp"
  64 #include "oops/oop.inline.hpp"
  65 #include "oops/oopHandle.inline.hpp"
  66 #include "oops/typeArrayOop.inline.hpp"
  67 #include "prims/jvmtiExport.hpp"
  68 #include "runtime/arguments.hpp"
  69 #include "runtime/fieldDescriptor.inline.hpp"
  70 #include "runtime/globals_extension.hpp"
  71 #include "runtime/init.hpp"
  72 #include "runtime/javaCalls.hpp"
  73 #include "runtime/mutexLocker.hpp"
  74 #include "runtime/safepointVerifiers.hpp"
  75 #include "utilities/bitMap.inline.hpp"
  76 #include "utilities/copy.hpp"
  77 #if INCLUDE_G1GC
  78 #include "gc/g1/g1CollectedHeap.hpp"
  79 #endif
  80 
  81 #if INCLUDE_CDS_JAVA_HEAP
  82 
  83 struct ArchivableStaticFieldInfo {
  84   const char* klass_name;
  85   const char* field_name;
  86   InstanceKlass* klass;
  87   int offset;
  88   BasicType type;
  89 
  90   ArchivableStaticFieldInfo(const char* k, const char* f)
  91   : klass_name(k), field_name(f), klass(nullptr), offset(0), type(T_ILLEGAL) {}
  92 
  93   bool valid() {
  94     return klass_name != nullptr;
  95   }
  96 };
  97 
  98 // Anything that goes in the header must be thoroughly purged from uninitialized memory
  99 // as it will be written to disk. Therefore, the constructors memset the memory to 0.
 100 // This is not the prettiest thing, but we need to know every byte is initialized,
 101 // including potential padding between fields.
 102 
 103 ArchiveMappedHeapHeader::ArchiveMappedHeapHeader(size_t ptrmap_start_pos,
 104                                                  size_t oopmap_start_pos,
 105                                                  HeapRootSegments root_segments) {
 106   memset((char*)this, 0, sizeof(*this));
 107   _ptrmap_start_pos = ptrmap_start_pos;
 108   _oopmap_start_pos = oopmap_start_pos;
 109   _root_segments = root_segments;
 110 }
 111 
 112 ArchiveMappedHeapHeader::ArchiveMappedHeapHeader() {
 113   memset((char*)this, 0, sizeof(*this));
 114 }
 115 
 116 ArchiveMappedHeapHeader ArchiveMappedHeapInfo::create_header() {
 117   return ArchiveMappedHeapHeader{_ptrmap_start_pos,
 118                                  _oopmap_start_pos,
 119                                  _root_segments};
 120 }
 121 
 122 ArchiveStreamedHeapHeader::ArchiveStreamedHeapHeader(size_t forwarding_offset,
 123                                                      size_t roots_offset,
 124                                                      size_t num_roots,
 125                                                      size_t root_highest_object_index_table_offset,
 126                                                      size_t num_archived_objects) {
 127   memset((char*)this, 0, sizeof(*this));
 128   _forwarding_offset = forwarding_offset;
 129   _roots_offset = roots_offset;
 130   _num_roots = num_roots;
 131   _root_highest_object_index_table_offset = root_highest_object_index_table_offset;
 132   _num_archived_objects = num_archived_objects;
 133 }
 134 
 135 ArchiveStreamedHeapHeader::ArchiveStreamedHeapHeader() {
 136   memset((char*)this, 0, sizeof(*this));
 137 }
 138 
 139 ArchiveStreamedHeapHeader ArchiveStreamedHeapInfo::create_header() {
 140   return ArchiveStreamedHeapHeader{_forwarding_offset,
 141                                    _roots_offset,
 142                                    _num_roots,
 143                                    _root_highest_object_index_table_offset,
 144                                    _num_archived_objects};
 145 }
 146 
 147 HeapArchiveMode HeapShared::_heap_load_mode = HeapArchiveMode::_uninitialized;
 148 HeapArchiveMode HeapShared::_heap_write_mode = HeapArchiveMode::_uninitialized;
 149 
 150 size_t HeapShared::_alloc_count[HeapShared::ALLOC_STAT_SLOTS];
 151 size_t HeapShared::_alloc_size[HeapShared::ALLOC_STAT_SLOTS];
 152 size_t HeapShared::_total_obj_count;
 153 size_t HeapShared::_total_obj_size;
 154 
 155 #ifndef PRODUCT
 156 #define ARCHIVE_TEST_FIELD_NAME "archivedObjects"
 157 static Array<char>* _archived_ArchiveHeapTestClass = nullptr;
 158 static const char* _test_class_name = nullptr;
 159 static Klass* _test_class = nullptr;
 160 static const ArchivedKlassSubGraphInfoRecord* _test_class_record = nullptr;
 161 #endif
 162 
 163 
 164 //
 165 // If you add new entries to the following tables, you should know what you're doing!
 166 //
 167 
 168 static ArchivableStaticFieldInfo archive_subgraph_entry_fields[] = {
 169   {"java/lang/Integer$IntegerCache",              "archivedCache"},
 170   {"java/lang/Long$LongCache",                    "archivedCache"},
 171   {"java/lang/Byte$ByteCache",                    "archivedCache"},
 172   {"java/lang/Short$ShortCache",                  "archivedCache"},
 173   {"java/lang/Character$CharacterCache",          "archivedCache"},
 174   {"java/util/jar/Attributes$Name",               "KNOWN_NAMES"},
 175   {"sun/util/locale/BaseLocale",                  "constantBaseLocales"},
 176   {"jdk/internal/module/ArchivedModuleGraph",     "archivedModuleGraph"},
 177   {"java/util/ImmutableCollections",              "archivedObjects"},
 178   {"java/lang/ModuleLayer",                       "EMPTY_LAYER"},
 179   {"java/lang/module/Configuration",              "EMPTY_CONFIGURATION"},
 180   {"jdk/internal/math/FDBigInteger",              "archivedCaches"},
 181 
 182 #ifndef PRODUCT
 183   {nullptr, nullptr}, // Extra slot for -XX:ArchiveHeapTestClass
 184 #endif
 185   {nullptr, nullptr},
 186 };
 187 
 188 // full module graph
 189 static ArchivableStaticFieldInfo fmg_archive_subgraph_entry_fields[] = {
 190   {"jdk/internal/loader/ArchivedClassLoaders",    "archivedClassLoaders"},
 191   {ARCHIVED_BOOT_LAYER_CLASS,                     ARCHIVED_BOOT_LAYER_FIELD},
 192   {"java/lang/Module$ArchivedData",               "archivedData"},
 193   {nullptr, nullptr},
 194 };
 195 
 196 KlassSubGraphInfo* HeapShared::_dump_time_special_subgraph;
 197 ArchivedKlassSubGraphInfoRecord* HeapShared::_run_time_special_subgraph;
 198 GrowableArrayCHeap<oop, mtClassShared>* HeapShared::_pending_roots = nullptr;
 199 OopHandle HeapShared::_scratch_basic_type_mirrors[T_VOID+1];
 200 MetaspaceObjToOopHandleTable* HeapShared::_scratch_objects_table = nullptr;
 201 
 202 static bool is_subgraph_root_class_of(ArchivableStaticFieldInfo fields[], InstanceKlass* ik) {
 203   for (int i = 0; fields[i].valid(); i++) {
 204     if (fields[i].klass == ik) {
 205       return true;
 206     }
 207   }
 208   return false;
 209 }
 210 
 211 bool HeapShared::is_subgraph_root_class(InstanceKlass* ik) {
 212   assert(CDSConfig::is_dumping_heap(), "dump-time only");
 213   if (!CDSConfig::is_dumping_aot_linked_classes()) {
 214     // Legacy CDS archive support (to be deprecated)
 215     return is_subgraph_root_class_of(archive_subgraph_entry_fields, ik) ||
 216            is_subgraph_root_class_of(fmg_archive_subgraph_entry_fields, ik);
 217   } else {
 218     return false;
 219   }
 220 }
 221 
 222 oop HeapShared::CachedOopInfo::orig_referrer() const {
 223   return _orig_referrer.resolve();
 224 }
 225 
 226 unsigned HeapShared::oop_hash(oop const& p) {
 227   assert(SafepointSynchronize::is_at_safepoint() ||
 228          JavaThread::current()->is_in_no_safepoint_scope(), "sanity");
 229   // Do not call p->identity_hash() as that will update the
 230   // object header.
 231   return primitive_hash(cast_from_oop<intptr_t>(p));
 232 }
 233 
 234 unsigned int HeapShared::oop_handle_hash_raw(const OopHandle& oh) {
 235   return oop_hash(oh.resolve());
 236 }
 237 
 238 unsigned int HeapShared::oop_handle_hash(const OopHandle& oh) {
 239   oop o = oh.resolve();
 240   if (o == nullptr) {
 241     return 0;
 242   } else {
 243     return o->identity_hash();
 244   }
 245 }
 246 
 247 bool HeapShared::oop_handle_equals(const OopHandle& a, const OopHandle& b) {
 248   return a.resolve() == b.resolve();
 249 }
 250 
 251 static void reset_states(oop obj, TRAPS) {
 252   Handle h_obj(THREAD, obj);
 253   InstanceKlass* klass = InstanceKlass::cast(obj->klass());
 254   TempNewSymbol method_name = SymbolTable::new_symbol("resetArchivedStates");
 255   Symbol* method_sig = vmSymbols::void_method_signature();
 256 
 257   while (klass != nullptr) {
 258     Method* method = klass->find_method(method_name, method_sig);
 259     if (method != nullptr) {
 260       assert(method->is_private(), "must be");
 261       if (log_is_enabled(Debug, aot)) {
 262         ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
 263         log_debug(aot)("  calling %s", method->name_and_sig_as_C_string());
 264       }
 265       JavaValue result(T_VOID);
 266       JavaCalls::call_special(&result, h_obj, klass,
 267                               method_name, method_sig, CHECK);
 268     }
 269     klass = klass->super();
 270   }
 271 }
 272 
 273 void HeapShared::reset_archived_object_states(TRAPS) {
 274   assert(CDSConfig::is_dumping_heap(), "dump-time only");
 275   log_debug(aot)("Resetting platform loader");
 276   reset_states(SystemDictionary::java_platform_loader(), CHECK);
 277   log_debug(aot)("Resetting system loader");
 278   reset_states(SystemDictionary::java_system_loader(), CHECK);
 279 
 280   // Clean up jdk.internal.loader.ClassLoaders::bootLoader(), which is not
 281   // directly used for class loading, but rather is used by the core library
 282   // to keep track of resources, etc, loaded by the null class loader.
 283   //
 284   // Note, this object is non-null, and is not the same as
 285   // ClassLoaderData::the_null_class_loader_data()->class_loader(),
 286   // which is null.
 287   log_debug(aot)("Resetting boot loader");
 288   JavaValue result(T_OBJECT);
 289   JavaCalls::call_static(&result,
 290                          vmClasses::jdk_internal_loader_ClassLoaders_klass(),
 291                          vmSymbols::bootLoader_name(),
 292                          vmSymbols::void_BuiltinClassLoader_signature(),
 293                          CHECK);
 294   Handle boot_loader(THREAD, result.get_oop());
 295   reset_states(boot_loader(), CHECK);
 296 }
 297 
 298 HeapShared::ArchivedObjectCache* HeapShared::_archived_object_cache = nullptr;
 299 
 300 bool HeapShared::is_archived_heap_in_use() {
 301   if (HeapShared::is_loading()) {
 302     if (HeapShared::is_loading_streaming_mode()) {
 303       return AOTStreamedHeapLoader::is_in_use();
 304     } else {
 305       return AOTMappedHeapLoader::is_in_use();
 306     }
 307   }
 308 
 309   return false;
 310 }
 311 
 312 bool HeapShared::can_use_archived_heap() {
 313   FileMapInfo* static_mapinfo = FileMapInfo::current_info();
 314   if (static_mapinfo == nullptr) {
 315     return false;
 316   }
 317   if (!static_mapinfo->has_heap_region()) {
 318     return false;
 319   }
 320   if (!static_mapinfo->object_streaming_mode() &&
 321       !Universe::heap()->can_load_archived_objects() &&
 322       !UseG1GC) {
 323     // Incompatible object format
 324     return false;
 325   }
 326 
 327   return true;
 328 }
 329 
 330 bool HeapShared::is_too_large_to_archive(size_t size) {
 331   if (HeapShared::is_writing_streaming_mode()) {
 332     return false;
 333   } else {
 334     return AOTMappedHeapWriter::is_too_large_to_archive(size);
 335   }
 336 }
 337 
 338 bool HeapShared::is_too_large_to_archive(oop obj) {
 339   if (HeapShared::is_writing_streaming_mode()) {
 340     return false;
 341   } else {
 342     return AOTMappedHeapWriter::is_too_large_to_archive(obj);
 343   }
 344 }
 345 
 346 bool HeapShared::is_string_too_large_to_archive(oop string) {
 347   typeArrayOop value = java_lang_String::value_no_keepalive(string);
 348   return is_too_large_to_archive(value);
 349 }
 350 
 351 void HeapShared::initialize_loading_mode(HeapArchiveMode mode) {
 352   assert(_heap_load_mode == HeapArchiveMode::_uninitialized, "already set?");
 353   assert(mode != HeapArchiveMode::_uninitialized, "sanity");
 354   _heap_load_mode = mode;
 355 };
 356 
 357 void HeapShared::initialize_writing_mode() {
 358   assert(!FLAG_IS_ERGO(AOTStreamableObjects), "Should not have been ergonomically set yet");
 359 
 360   if (!CDSConfig::is_dumping_archive()) {
 361     // We use FLAG_IS_CMDLINE below because we are specifically looking to warn
 362     // a user that explicitly sets the flag on the command line for a JVM that is
 363     // not dumping an archive.
 364     if (FLAG_IS_CMDLINE(AOTStreamableObjects)) {
 365       log_warning(cds)("-XX:%cAOTStreamableObjects was specified, "
 366                        "AOTStreamableObjects is only used for writing "
 367                        "the AOT cache.",
 368                        AOTStreamableObjects ? '+' : '-');
 369     }
 370   }
 371 
 372   // The below checks use !FLAG_IS_DEFAULT instead of FLAG_IS_CMDLINE
 373   // because the one step AOT cache creation transfers the AOTStreamableObjects
 374   // flag value from the training JVM to the assembly JVM using an environment
 375   // variable that sets the flag as ERGO in the assembly JVM.
 376   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(AOTStreamableObjects)) {
 377     // By default, the value of AOTStreamableObjects should match !UseCompressedOops.
 378     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(AOTStreamableObjects, !UseCompressedOops);
 379   } else if (!AOTStreamableObjects && UseZGC) {
 380     // Never write mapped heap with ZGC
 381     if (CDSConfig::is_dumping_archive()) {
 382       log_warning(cds)("Heap archiving without streaming not supported for -XX:+UseZGC");
 383     }
 384     FLAG_SET_ERGO(AOTStreamableObjects, true);
 385   }
 386 
 387   if (CDSConfig::is_dumping_archive()) {
 388     // Select default mode
 389     assert(_heap_write_mode == HeapArchiveMode::_uninitialized, "already initialized?");
 390     _heap_write_mode = AOTStreamableObjects ? HeapArchiveMode::_streaming : HeapArchiveMode::_mapping;
 391   }
 392 }
 393 
 394 void HeapShared::initialize_streaming() {
 395   assert(is_loading_streaming_mode(), "shouldn't call this");
 396   if (can_use_archived_heap()) {
 397     AOTStreamedHeapLoader::initialize();
 398   }
 399 }
 400 
 401 void HeapShared::enable_gc() {
 402   if (AOTStreamedHeapLoader::is_in_use()) {
 403     AOTStreamedHeapLoader::enable_gc();
 404   }
 405 }
 406 
 407 void HeapShared::materialize_thread_object() {
 408   if (AOTStreamedHeapLoader::is_in_use()) {
 409     AOTStreamedHeapLoader::materialize_thread_object();
 410   }
 411 }
 412 
 413 void HeapShared::add_to_dumped_interned_strings(oop string) {
 414   assert(HeapShared::is_writing_mapping_mode(), "Only used by this mode");
 415   AOTMappedHeapWriter::add_to_dumped_interned_strings(string);
 416 }
 417 
 418 void HeapShared::finalize_initialization(FileMapInfo* static_mapinfo) {
 419   if (HeapShared::is_loading()) {
 420     if (HeapShared::is_loading_streaming_mode()) {
 421       // Heap initialization can be done only after vtables are initialized by ReadClosure.
 422       AOTStreamedHeapLoader::finish_initialization(static_mapinfo);
 423     } else {
 424       // Finish up archived heap initialization. These must be
 425       // done after ReadClosure.
 426       AOTMappedHeapLoader::finish_initialization(static_mapinfo);
 427     }
 428   }
 429 }
 430 
 431 HeapShared::CachedOopInfo* HeapShared::get_cached_oop_info(oop obj) {
 432   OopHandle oh(Universe::vm_global(), obj);
 433   CachedOopInfo* result = _archived_object_cache->get(oh);
 434   oh.release(Universe::vm_global());
 435   return result;
 436 }
 437 
 438 bool HeapShared::has_been_archived(oop obj) {
 439   assert(CDSConfig::is_dumping_heap(), "dump-time only");
 440   return get_cached_oop_info(obj) != nullptr;
 441 }
 442 
 443 int HeapShared::append_root(oop obj) {
 444   assert(CDSConfig::is_dumping_heap(), "dump-time only");
 445   if (obj != nullptr) {
 446     assert(has_been_archived(obj), "must be");
 447   }
 448   // No GC should happen since we aren't scanning _pending_roots.
 449   assert(Thread::current() == (Thread*)VMThread::vm_thread(), "should be in vm thread");
 450 
 451   return _pending_roots->append(obj);
 452 }
 453 
 454 oop HeapShared::get_root(int index, bool clear) {
 455   assert(index >= 0, "sanity");
 456   assert(!CDSConfig::is_dumping_heap() && CDSConfig::is_using_archive(), "runtime only");
 457   assert(is_archived_heap_in_use(), "getting roots into heap that is not used");
 458 
 459   oop result;
 460   if (HeapShared::is_loading_streaming_mode()) {
 461     result = AOTStreamedHeapLoader::get_root(index);
 462   } else {
 463     assert(HeapShared::is_loading_mapping_mode(), "must be");
 464     result = AOTMappedHeapLoader::get_root(index);
 465   }
 466 
 467   if (clear) {
 468     clear_root(index);
 469   }
 470 
 471   return result;
 472 }
 473 
 474 void HeapShared::finish_materialize_objects() {
 475   if (AOTStreamedHeapLoader::is_in_use()) {
 476     AOTStreamedHeapLoader::finish_materialize_objects();
 477   }
 478 }
 479 
 480 void HeapShared::clear_root(int index) {
 481   assert(index >= 0, "sanity");
 482   assert(CDSConfig::is_using_archive(), "must be");
 483   if (is_archived_heap_in_use()) {
 484     if (log_is_enabled(Debug, aot, heap)) {
 485       log_debug(aot, heap)("Clearing root %d: was %zu", index, p2i(get_root(index, false /* clear */)));
 486     }
 487     if (HeapShared::is_loading_streaming_mode()) {
 488       AOTStreamedHeapLoader::clear_root(index);
 489     } else {
 490       assert(HeapShared::is_loading_mapping_mode(), "must be");
 491       AOTMappedHeapLoader::clear_root(index);
 492     }
 493   }
 494 }
 495 
 496 bool HeapShared::archive_object(oop obj, oop referrer, KlassSubGraphInfo* subgraph_info) {
 497   assert(CDSConfig::is_dumping_heap(), "dump-time only");
 498 
 499   assert(!obj->is_stackChunk(), "do not archive stack chunks");
 500   if (has_been_archived(obj)) {
 501     return true;
 502   }
 503 
 504   if (is_too_large_to_archive(obj)) {
 505     log_debug(aot, heap)("Cannot archive, object (" PTR_FORMAT ") is too large: %zu",
 506                          p2i(obj), obj->size());
 507     debug_trace();
 508     return false;
 509   }
 510 
 511   AOTOopChecker::check(obj); // Make sure contents of this oop are safe.
 512   count_allocation(obj->size());
 513 
 514   if (HeapShared::is_writing_streaming_mode()) {
 515     AOTStreamedHeapWriter::add_source_obj(obj);
 516   } else {
 517     AOTMappedHeapWriter::add_source_obj(obj);
 518   }
 519 
 520   OopHandle oh(Universe::vm_global(), obj);
 521   CachedOopInfo info = make_cached_oop_info(obj, referrer);
 522   archived_object_cache()->put_when_absent(oh, info);
 523   archived_object_cache()->maybe_grow();
 524 
 525   Klass* k = obj->klass();
 526   if (k->is_instance_klass()) {
 527     // Whenever we see a non-array Java object of type X, we mark X to be aot-initialized.
 528     // This ensures that during the production run, whenever Java code sees a cached object
 529     // of type X, we know that X is already initialized. (see TODO comment below ...)
 530 
 531     if (InstanceKlass::cast(k)->is_enum_subclass()
 532         // We can't rerun <clinit> of enum classes (see cdsEnumKlass.cpp) so
 533         // we must store them as AOT-initialized.
 534         || (subgraph_info == _dump_time_special_subgraph))
 535         // TODO: we do this only for the special subgraph for now. Extending this to
 536         // other subgraphs would require more refactoring of the core library (such as
 537         // move some initialization logic into runtimeSetup()).
 538         //
 539         // For the other subgraphs, we have a weaker mechanism to ensure that
 540         // all classes in a subgraph are initialized before the subgraph is programmatically
 541         // returned from jdk.internal.misc.CDS::initializeFromArchive().
 542         // See HeapShared::initialize_from_archived_subgraph().
 543     {
 544       AOTArtifactFinder::add_aot_inited_class(InstanceKlass::cast(k));
 545     }
 546 
 547     if (java_lang_Class::is_instance(obj)) {
 548       Klass* mirror_k = java_lang_Class::as_Klass(obj);
 549       if (mirror_k != nullptr) {
 550         AOTArtifactFinder::add_cached_class(mirror_k);
 551       }
 552     } else if (java_lang_invoke_ResolvedMethodName::is_instance(obj)) {
 553       Method* m = java_lang_invoke_ResolvedMethodName::vmtarget(obj);
 554       if (m != nullptr) {
 555         if (RegeneratedClasses::has_been_regenerated(m)) {
 556           m = RegeneratedClasses::get_regenerated_object(m);
 557         }
 558         InstanceKlass* method_holder = m->method_holder();
 559         AOTArtifactFinder::add_cached_class(method_holder);
 560       }
 561     }
 562   }
 563 
 564   if (log_is_enabled(Debug, aot, heap)) {
 565     ResourceMark rm;
 566     LogTarget(Debug, aot, heap) log;
 567     LogStream out(log);
 568     out.print("Archived heap object " PTR_FORMAT " : %s ",
 569               p2i(obj), obj->klass()->external_name());
 570     if (java_lang_Class::is_instance(obj)) {
 571       Klass* k = java_lang_Class::as_Klass(obj);
 572       if (k != nullptr) {
 573         out.print("%s", k->external_name());
 574       } else {
 575         out.print("primitive");
 576       }
 577     }
 578     out.cr();
 579   }
 580 
 581   return true;
 582 }
 583 
 584 class MetaspaceObjToOopHandleTable: public HashTable<MetaspaceObj*, OopHandle,
 585     36137, // prime number
 586     AnyObj::C_HEAP,
 587     mtClassShared> {
 588 public:
 589   oop get_oop(MetaspaceObj* ptr) {
 590     MutexLocker ml(ScratchObjects_lock, Mutex::_no_safepoint_check_flag);
 591     OopHandle* handle = get(ptr);
 592     if (handle != nullptr) {
 593       return handle->resolve();
 594     } else {
 595       return nullptr;
 596     }
 597   }
 598   void set_oop(MetaspaceObj* ptr, oop o) {
 599     MutexLocker ml(ScratchObjects_lock, Mutex::_no_safepoint_check_flag);
 600     OopHandle handle(Universe::vm_global(), o);
 601     bool is_new = put(ptr, handle);
 602     assert(is_new, "cannot set twice");
 603   }
 604   void remove_oop(MetaspaceObj* ptr) {
 605     MutexLocker ml(ScratchObjects_lock, Mutex::_no_safepoint_check_flag);
 606     OopHandle* handle = get(ptr);
 607     if (handle != nullptr) {
 608       handle->release(Universe::vm_global());
 609       remove(ptr);
 610     }
 611   }
 612 };
 613 
 614 void HeapShared::add_scratch_resolved_references(ConstantPool* src, objArrayOop dest) {
 615   if (SystemDictionaryShared::is_builtin_loader(src->pool_holder()->class_loader_data())) {
 616     _scratch_objects_table->set_oop(src, dest);
 617   }
 618 }
 619 
 620 objArrayOop HeapShared::scratch_resolved_references(ConstantPool* src) {
 621   return (objArrayOop)_scratch_objects_table->get_oop(src);
 622 }
 623 
 624  void HeapShared::init_dumping() {
 625    _scratch_objects_table = new (mtClass)MetaspaceObjToOopHandleTable();
 626    _pending_roots = new GrowableArrayCHeap<oop, mtClassShared>(500);
 627 }
 628 
 629 void HeapShared::init_scratch_objects_for_basic_type_mirrors(TRAPS) {
 630   for (int i = T_BOOLEAN; i < T_VOID+1; i++) {
 631     BasicType bt = (BasicType)i;
 632     if (!is_reference_type(bt)) {
 633       oop m = java_lang_Class::create_basic_type_mirror(type2name(bt), bt, CHECK);
 634       _scratch_basic_type_mirrors[i] = OopHandle(Universe::vm_global(), m);
 635     }
 636   }
 637 }
 638 
 639 // Given java_mirror that represents a (primitive or reference) type T,
 640 // return the "scratch" version that represents the same type T. Note
 641 // that java_mirror will be returned if the mirror is already a scratch mirror.
 642 //
 643 // See java_lang_Class::create_scratch_mirror() for more info.
 644 oop HeapShared::scratch_java_mirror(oop java_mirror) {
 645   assert(java_lang_Class::is_instance(java_mirror), "must be");
 646 
 647   for (int i = T_BOOLEAN; i < T_VOID+1; i++) {
 648     BasicType bt = (BasicType)i;
 649     if (!is_reference_type(bt)) {
 650       if (_scratch_basic_type_mirrors[i].resolve() == java_mirror) {
 651         return java_mirror;
 652       }
 653     }
 654   }
 655 
 656   if (java_lang_Class::is_primitive(java_mirror)) {
 657     return scratch_java_mirror(java_lang_Class::as_BasicType(java_mirror));
 658   } else {
 659     return scratch_java_mirror(java_lang_Class::as_Klass(java_mirror));
 660   }
 661 }
 662 
 663 oop HeapShared::scratch_java_mirror(BasicType t) {
 664   assert((uint)t < T_VOID+1, "range check");
 665   assert(!is_reference_type(t), "sanity");
 666   return _scratch_basic_type_mirrors[t].resolve();
 667 }
 668 
 669 oop HeapShared::scratch_java_mirror(Klass* k) {
 670   return _scratch_objects_table->get_oop(k);
 671 }
 672 
 673 void HeapShared::set_scratch_java_mirror(Klass* k, oop mirror) {
 674   _scratch_objects_table->set_oop(k, mirror);
 675 }
 676 
 677 void HeapShared::remove_scratch_objects(Klass* k) {
 678   // Klass is being deallocated. Java mirror can still be alive, and it should not
 679   // point to dead klass. We need to break the link from mirror to the Klass.
 680   // See how InstanceKlass::deallocate_contents does it for normal mirrors.
 681   oop mirror = _scratch_objects_table->get_oop(k);
 682   if (mirror != nullptr) {
 683     java_lang_Class::set_klass(mirror, nullptr);
 684   }
 685   _scratch_objects_table->remove_oop(k);
 686   if (k->is_instance_klass()) {
 687     _scratch_objects_table->remove(InstanceKlass::cast(k)->constants());
 688   }
 689 }
 690 
 691 //TODO: we eventually want a more direct test for these kinds of things.
 692 //For example the JVM could record some bit of context from the creation
 693 //of the klass, such as who called the hidden class factory.  Using
 694 //string compares on names is fragile and will break as soon as somebody
 695 //changes the names in the JDK code.  See discussion in JDK-8342481 for
 696 //related ideas about marking AOT-related classes.
 697 bool HeapShared::is_lambda_form_klass(InstanceKlass* ik) {
 698   return ik->is_hidden() &&
 699     (ik->name()->starts_with("java/lang/invoke/LambdaForm$MH+") ||
 700      ik->name()->starts_with("java/lang/invoke/LambdaForm$DMH+") ||
 701      ik->name()->starts_with("java/lang/invoke/LambdaForm$BMH+") ||
 702      ik->name()->starts_with("java/lang/invoke/LambdaForm$VH+"));
 703 }
 704 
 705 bool HeapShared::is_lambda_proxy_klass(InstanceKlass* ik) {
 706   return ik->is_hidden() && (ik->name()->index_of_at(0, "$$Lambda+", 9) > 0);
 707 }
 708 
 709 bool HeapShared::is_string_concat_klass(InstanceKlass* ik) {
 710   return ik->is_hidden() && ik->name()->starts_with("java/lang/String$$StringConcat");
 711 }
 712 
 713 bool HeapShared::is_archivable_hidden_klass(InstanceKlass* ik) {
 714   return CDSConfig::is_dumping_method_handles() &&
 715     (is_lambda_form_klass(ik) || is_lambda_proxy_klass(ik) || is_string_concat_klass(ik));
 716 }
 717 
 718 
 719 void HeapShared::copy_and_rescan_aot_inited_mirror(InstanceKlass* ik) {
 720   ik->set_has_aot_initialized_mirror();
 721 
 722   oop orig_mirror;
 723   if (RegeneratedClasses::is_regenerated_object(ik)) {
 724     InstanceKlass* orig_ik = RegeneratedClasses::get_original_object(ik);
 725     precond(orig_ik->is_initialized());
 726     orig_mirror = orig_ik->java_mirror();
 727   } else {
 728     precond(ik->is_initialized());
 729     orig_mirror = ik->java_mirror();
 730   }
 731 
 732   oop m = scratch_java_mirror(ik);
 733   int nfields = 0;
 734   for (JavaFieldStream fs(ik); !fs.done(); fs.next()) {
 735     if (fs.access_flags().is_static()) {
 736       fieldDescriptor& fd = fs.field_descriptor();
 737       int offset = fd.offset();
 738       switch (fd.field_type()) {
 739       case T_OBJECT:
 740       case T_ARRAY:
 741         {
 742           oop field_obj = orig_mirror->obj_field(offset);
 743           if (offset == java_lang_Class::reflection_data_offset()) {
 744             // Class::reflectData use SoftReference, which cannot be archived. Set it
 745             // to null and it will be recreated at runtime.
 746             field_obj = nullptr;
 747           }
 748           m->obj_field_put(offset, field_obj);
 749           if (field_obj != nullptr) {
 750             bool success = archive_reachable_objects_from(1, _dump_time_special_subgraph, field_obj);
 751             assert(success, "sanity");
 752           }
 753         }
 754         break;
 755       case T_BOOLEAN:
 756         m->bool_field_put(offset, orig_mirror->bool_field(offset));
 757         break;
 758       case T_BYTE:
 759         m->byte_field_put(offset, orig_mirror->byte_field(offset));
 760         break;
 761       case T_SHORT:
 762         m->short_field_put(offset, orig_mirror->short_field(offset));
 763         break;
 764       case T_CHAR:
 765         m->char_field_put(offset, orig_mirror->char_field(offset));
 766         break;
 767       case T_INT:
 768         m->int_field_put(offset, orig_mirror->int_field(offset));
 769         break;
 770       case T_LONG:
 771         m->long_field_put(offset, orig_mirror->long_field(offset));
 772         break;
 773       case T_FLOAT:
 774         m->float_field_put(offset, orig_mirror->float_field(offset));
 775         break;
 776       case T_DOUBLE:
 777         m->double_field_put(offset, orig_mirror->double_field(offset));
 778         break;
 779       default:
 780         ShouldNotReachHere();
 781       }
 782       nfields ++;
 783     }
 784   }
 785 
 786   oop class_data = java_lang_Class::class_data(orig_mirror);
 787   java_lang_Class::set_class_data(m, class_data);
 788   if (class_data != nullptr) {
 789     bool success = archive_reachable_objects_from(1, _dump_time_special_subgraph, class_data);
 790     assert(success, "sanity");
 791   }
 792 
 793   if (log_is_enabled(Debug, aot, init)) {
 794     ResourceMark rm;
 795     log_debug(aot, init)("copied %3d field(s) in aot-initialized mirror %s%s%s", nfields, ik->external_name(),
 796                          ik->is_hidden() ? " (hidden)" : "",
 797                          ik->is_enum_subclass() ? " (enum)" : "");
 798   }
 799 }
 800 
 801 void HeapShared::copy_java_mirror(oop orig_mirror, oop scratch_m) {
 802   // We need to retain the identity_hash, because it may have been used by some hashtables
 803   // in the shared heap.
 804   if (!orig_mirror->fast_no_hash_check()) {
 805     intptr_t src_hash = orig_mirror->identity_hash();
 806     if (UseCompactObjectHeaders) {
 807       narrowKlass nk = CompressedKlassPointers::encode(orig_mirror->klass());
 808       scratch_m->set_mark(markWord::prototype().set_narrow_klass(nk).copy_set_hash(src_hash));
 809     } else {
 810       scratch_m->set_mark(markWord::prototype().copy_set_hash(src_hash));
 811     }
 812     assert(scratch_m->mark().is_unlocked(), "sanity");
 813 
 814     DEBUG_ONLY(intptr_t archived_hash = scratch_m->identity_hash());
 815     assert(src_hash == archived_hash, "Different hash codes: original " INTPTR_FORMAT ", archived " INTPTR_FORMAT, src_hash, archived_hash);
 816   }
 817 
 818   if (CDSConfig::is_dumping_aot_linked_classes()) {
 819     java_lang_Class::set_module(scratch_m, java_lang_Class::module(orig_mirror));
 820     java_lang_Class::set_protection_domain(scratch_m, java_lang_Class::protection_domain(orig_mirror));
 821   }
 822 }
 823 
 824 static objArrayOop get_archived_resolved_references(InstanceKlass* src_ik) {
 825   if (SystemDictionaryShared::is_builtin_loader(src_ik->class_loader_data())) {
 826     objArrayOop rr = src_ik->constants()->resolved_references_or_null();
 827     if (rr != nullptr && !HeapShared::is_too_large_to_archive(rr)) {
 828       return HeapShared::scratch_resolved_references(src_ik->constants());
 829     }
 830   }
 831   return nullptr;
 832 }
 833 
 834 void HeapShared::archive_strings() {
 835   assert(HeapShared::is_writing_mapping_mode(), "should not reach here");
 836   oop shared_strings_array = StringTable::init_shared_strings_array();
 837   bool success = archive_reachable_objects_from(1, _dump_time_special_subgraph, shared_strings_array);
 838   assert(success, "shared strings array must not point to arrays or strings that are too large to archive");
 839   StringTable::set_shared_strings_array_index(append_root(shared_strings_array));
 840 }
 841 
 842 int HeapShared::archive_exception_instance(oop exception) {
 843   bool success = archive_reachable_objects_from(1, _dump_time_special_subgraph, exception);
 844   assert(success, "sanity");
 845   return append_root(exception);
 846 }
 847 
 848 void HeapShared::get_pointer_info(oop src_obj, bool& has_oop_pointers, bool& has_native_pointers) {
 849   OopHandle oh(&src_obj);
 850   CachedOopInfo* info = archived_object_cache()->get(oh);
 851   assert(info != nullptr, "must be");
 852   has_oop_pointers = info->has_oop_pointers();
 853   has_native_pointers = info->has_native_pointers();
 854 }
 855 
 856 void HeapShared::set_has_native_pointers(oop src_obj) {
 857   OopHandle oh(&src_obj);
 858   CachedOopInfo* info = archived_object_cache()->get(oh);
 859   assert(info != nullptr, "must be");
 860   info->set_has_native_pointers();
 861 }
 862 
 863 // Between start_scanning_for_oops() and end_scanning_for_oops(), we discover all Java heap objects that
 864 // should be stored in the AOT cache. The scanning is coordinated by AOTArtifactFinder.
 865 void HeapShared::start_scanning_for_oops() {
 866   {
 867     NoSafepointVerifier nsv;
 868 
 869     // The special subgraph doesn't belong to any class. We use Object_klass() here just
 870     // for convenience.
 871     _dump_time_special_subgraph = init_subgraph_info(vmClasses::Object_klass(), false);
 872 
 873     // Cache for recording where the archived objects are copied to
 874     create_archived_object_cache();
 875 
 876     if (HeapShared::is_writing_mapping_mode() && (UseG1GC || UseCompressedOops)) {
 877       aot_log_info(aot)("Heap range = [" PTR_FORMAT " - "  PTR_FORMAT "]",
 878                     UseCompressedOops ? p2i(CompressedOops::begin()) :
 879                                         p2i((address)G1CollectedHeap::heap()->reserved().start()),
 880                     UseCompressedOops ? p2i(CompressedOops::end()) :
 881                                         p2i((address)G1CollectedHeap::heap()->reserved().end()));
 882     }
 883 
 884     archive_subgraphs();
 885   }
 886 
 887   init_seen_objects_table();
 888   Universe::archive_exception_instances();
 889 }
 890 
 891 void HeapShared::end_scanning_for_oops() {
 892   if (is_writing_mapping_mode()) {
 893     archive_strings();
 894   }
 895   delete_seen_objects_table();
 896 }
 897 
 898 void HeapShared::write_heap(ArchiveMappedHeapInfo* mapped_heap_info, ArchiveStreamedHeapInfo* streamed_heap_info) {
 899   {
 900     NoSafepointVerifier nsv;
 901     CDSHeapVerifier::verify();
 902     check_special_subgraph_classes();
 903   }
 904 
 905   if (HeapShared::is_writing_mapping_mode()) {
 906     StringTable::write_shared_table();
 907     AOTMappedHeapWriter::write(_pending_roots, mapped_heap_info);
 908   } else {
 909     assert(HeapShared::is_writing_streaming_mode(), "are there more modes?");
 910     AOTStreamedHeapWriter::write(_pending_roots, streamed_heap_info);
 911   }
 912 
 913   ArchiveBuilder::OtherROAllocMark mark;
 914   write_subgraph_info_table();
 915 }
 916 
 917 void HeapShared::scan_java_mirror(oop orig_mirror) {
 918   oop m = scratch_java_mirror(orig_mirror);
 919   if (m != nullptr) { // nullptr if for custom class loader
 920     copy_java_mirror(orig_mirror, m);
 921     bool success = archive_reachable_objects_from(1, _dump_time_special_subgraph, m);
 922     assert(success, "sanity");
 923   }
 924 }
 925 
 926 void HeapShared::scan_java_class(Klass* orig_k) {
 927   scan_java_mirror(orig_k->java_mirror());
 928 
 929   if (orig_k->is_instance_klass()) {
 930     InstanceKlass* orig_ik = InstanceKlass::cast(orig_k);
 931     orig_ik->constants()->prepare_resolved_references_for_archiving();
 932     objArrayOop rr = get_archived_resolved_references(orig_ik);
 933     if (rr != nullptr) {
 934       bool success = HeapShared::archive_reachable_objects_from(1, _dump_time_special_subgraph, rr);
 935       assert(success, "must be");
 936     }
 937   }
 938 }
 939 
 940 void HeapShared::archive_subgraphs() {
 941   assert(CDSConfig::is_dumping_heap(), "must be");
 942 
 943   if (!CDSConfig::is_dumping_aot_linked_classes()) {
 944     archive_object_subgraphs(archive_subgraph_entry_fields,
 945                              false /* is_full_module_graph */);
 946     if (CDSConfig::is_dumping_full_module_graph()) {
 947       archive_object_subgraphs(fmg_archive_subgraph_entry_fields,
 948                                true /* is_full_module_graph */);
 949     }
 950   }
 951 
 952   if (CDSConfig::is_dumping_full_module_graph()) {
 953     Modules::verify_archived_modules();
 954   }
 955 }
 956 
 957 //
 958 // Subgraph archiving support
 959 //
 960 HeapShared::DumpTimeKlassSubGraphInfoTable* HeapShared::_dump_time_subgraph_info_table = nullptr;
 961 HeapShared::RunTimeKlassSubGraphInfoTable   HeapShared::_run_time_subgraph_info_table;
 962 
 963 // Get the subgraph_info for Klass k. A new subgraph_info is created if
 964 // there is no existing one for k. The subgraph_info records the "buffered"
 965 // address of the class.
 966 KlassSubGraphInfo* HeapShared::init_subgraph_info(Klass* k, bool is_full_module_graph) {
 967   assert(CDSConfig::is_dumping_heap(), "dump time only");
 968   bool created;
 969   KlassSubGraphInfo* info =
 970     _dump_time_subgraph_info_table->put_if_absent(k, KlassSubGraphInfo(k, is_full_module_graph),
 971                                                   &created);
 972   assert(created, "must not initialize twice");
 973   return info;
 974 }
 975 
 976 KlassSubGraphInfo* HeapShared::get_subgraph_info(Klass* k) {
 977   assert(CDSConfig::is_dumping_heap(), "dump time only");
 978   KlassSubGraphInfo* info = _dump_time_subgraph_info_table->get(k);
 979   assert(info != nullptr, "must have been initialized");
 980   return info;
 981 }
 982 
 983 // Add an entry field to the current KlassSubGraphInfo.
 984 void KlassSubGraphInfo::add_subgraph_entry_field(int static_field_offset, oop v) {
 985   assert(CDSConfig::is_dumping_heap(), "dump time only");
 986   if (_subgraph_entry_fields == nullptr) {
 987     _subgraph_entry_fields =
 988       new (mtClass) GrowableArray<int>(10, mtClass);
 989   }
 990   _subgraph_entry_fields->append(static_field_offset);
 991   _subgraph_entry_fields->append(HeapShared::append_root(v));
 992 }
 993 
 994 // Add the Klass* for an object in the current KlassSubGraphInfo's subgraphs.
 995 // Only objects of boot classes can be included in sub-graph.
 996 void KlassSubGraphInfo::add_subgraph_object_klass(Klass* orig_k) {
 997   assert(CDSConfig::is_dumping_heap(), "dump time only");
 998 
 999   if (_subgraph_object_klasses == nullptr) {
1000     _subgraph_object_klasses =
1001       new (mtClass) GrowableArray<Klass*>(50, mtClass);
1002   }
1003 
1004   if (_k == orig_k) {
1005     // Don't add the Klass containing the sub-graph to it's own klass
1006     // initialization list.
1007     return;
1008   }
1009 
1010   if (orig_k->is_instance_klass()) {
1011 #ifdef ASSERT
1012     InstanceKlass* ik = InstanceKlass::cast(orig_k);
1013     if (CDSConfig::is_dumping_method_handles()) {
1014       // -XX:AOTInitTestClass must be used carefully in regression tests to
1015       // include only classes that are safe to aot-initialize.
1016       assert(ik->class_loader() == nullptr ||
1017              HeapShared::is_lambda_proxy_klass(ik) ||
1018              AOTClassInitializer::has_test_class(),
1019             "we can archive only instances of boot classes or lambda proxy classes");
1020     } else {
1021       assert(ik->class_loader() == nullptr, "must be boot class");
1022     }
1023 #endif
1024     // vmClasses::xxx_klass() are not updated, need to check
1025     // the original Klass*
1026     if (orig_k == vmClasses::String_klass() ||
1027         orig_k == vmClasses::Object_klass()) {
1028       // Initialized early during VM initialization. No need to be added
1029       // to the sub-graph object class list.
1030       return;
1031     }
1032     check_allowed_klass(InstanceKlass::cast(orig_k));
1033   } else if (orig_k->is_objArray_klass()) {
1034     Klass* abk = ObjArrayKlass::cast(orig_k)->bottom_klass();
1035     if (abk->is_instance_klass()) {
1036       assert(InstanceKlass::cast(abk)->defined_by_boot_loader(),
1037             "must be boot class");
1038       check_allowed_klass(InstanceKlass::cast(ObjArrayKlass::cast(orig_k)->bottom_klass()));
1039     }
1040     if (orig_k == Universe::objectArrayKlass()) {
1041       // Initialized early during Universe::genesis. No need to be added
1042       // to the list.
1043       return;
1044     }
1045   } else {
1046     assert(orig_k->is_typeArray_klass(), "must be");
1047     // Primitive type arrays are created early during Universe::genesis.
1048     return;
1049   }
1050 
1051   if (log_is_enabled(Debug, aot, heap)) {
1052     if (!_subgraph_object_klasses->contains(orig_k)) {
1053       ResourceMark rm;
1054       log_debug(aot, heap)("Adding klass %s", orig_k->external_name());
1055     }
1056   }
1057 
1058   _subgraph_object_klasses->append_if_missing(orig_k);
1059   _has_non_early_klasses |= is_non_early_klass(orig_k);
1060 }
1061 
1062 void KlassSubGraphInfo::check_allowed_klass(InstanceKlass* ik) {
1063 #ifndef PRODUCT
1064   if (AOTClassInitializer::has_test_class()) {
1065     // The tests can cache arbitrary types of objects.
1066     return;
1067   }
1068 #endif
1069 
1070   if (ik->module()->name() == vmSymbols::java_base()) {
1071     assert(ik->package() != nullptr, "classes in java.base cannot be in unnamed package");
1072     return;
1073   }
1074 
1075   const char* lambda_msg = "";
1076   if (CDSConfig::is_dumping_method_handles()) {
1077     lambda_msg = ", or a lambda proxy class";
1078     if (HeapShared::is_lambda_proxy_klass(ik) &&
1079         (ik->class_loader() == nullptr ||
1080          ik->class_loader() == SystemDictionary::java_platform_loader() ||
1081          ik->class_loader() == SystemDictionary::java_system_loader())) {
1082       return;
1083     }
1084   }
1085 
1086 #ifndef PRODUCT
1087   if (!ik->module()->is_named() && ik->package() == nullptr && ArchiveHeapTestClass != nullptr) {
1088     // This class is loaded by ArchiveHeapTestClass
1089     return;
1090   }
1091   const char* testcls_msg = ", or a test class in an unnamed package of an unnamed module";
1092 #else
1093   const char* testcls_msg = "";
1094 #endif
1095 
1096   ResourceMark rm;
1097   log_error(aot, heap)("Class %s not allowed in archive heap. Must be in java.base%s%s",
1098                        ik->external_name(), lambda_msg, testcls_msg);
1099   AOTMetaspace::unrecoverable_writing_error();
1100 }
1101 
1102 bool KlassSubGraphInfo::is_non_early_klass(Klass* k) {
1103   if (k->is_objArray_klass()) {
1104     k = ObjArrayKlass::cast(k)->bottom_klass();
1105   }
1106   if (k->is_instance_klass()) {
1107     if (!SystemDictionaryShared::is_early_klass(InstanceKlass::cast(k))) {
1108       ResourceMark rm;
1109       log_info(aot, heap)("non-early: %s", k->external_name());
1110       return true;
1111     } else {
1112       return false;
1113     }
1114   } else {
1115     return false;
1116   }
1117 }
1118 
1119 // Initialize an archived subgraph_info_record from the given KlassSubGraphInfo.
1120 void ArchivedKlassSubGraphInfoRecord::init(KlassSubGraphInfo* info) {
1121   _k = ArchiveBuilder::get_buffered_klass(info->klass());
1122   _entry_field_records = nullptr;
1123   _subgraph_object_klasses = nullptr;
1124   _is_full_module_graph = info->is_full_module_graph();
1125 
1126   if (_is_full_module_graph) {
1127     // Consider all classes referenced by the full module graph as early -- we will be
1128     // allocating objects of these classes during JVMTI early phase, so they cannot
1129     // be processed by (non-early) JVMTI ClassFileLoadHook
1130     _has_non_early_klasses = false;
1131   } else {
1132     _has_non_early_klasses = info->has_non_early_klasses();
1133   }
1134 
1135   if (_has_non_early_klasses) {
1136     ResourceMark rm;
1137     log_info(aot, heap)(
1138           "Subgraph of klass %s has non-early klasses and cannot be used when JVMTI ClassFileLoadHook is enabled",
1139           _k->external_name());
1140   }
1141 
1142   // populate the entry fields
1143   GrowableArray<int>* entry_fields = info->subgraph_entry_fields();
1144   if (entry_fields != nullptr) {
1145     int num_entry_fields = entry_fields->length();
1146     assert(num_entry_fields % 2 == 0, "sanity");
1147     _entry_field_records =
1148       ArchiveBuilder::new_ro_array<int>(num_entry_fields);
1149     for (int i = 0 ; i < num_entry_fields; i++) {
1150       _entry_field_records->at_put(i, entry_fields->at(i));
1151     }
1152   }
1153 
1154   // <recorded_klasses> has the Klasses of all the objects that are referenced by this subgraph.
1155   // Copy those that need to be explicitly initialized into <_subgraph_object_klasses>.
1156   GrowableArray<Klass*>* recorded_klasses = info->subgraph_object_klasses();
1157   if (recorded_klasses != nullptr) {
1158     // AOT-inited classes are automatically marked as "initialized" during bootstrap. When
1159     // programmatically loading a subgraph, we only need to explicitly initialize the classes
1160     // that are not aot-inited.
1161     int num_to_copy = 0;
1162     for (int i = 0; i < recorded_klasses->length(); i++) {
1163       Klass* subgraph_k = ArchiveBuilder::get_buffered_klass(recorded_klasses->at(i));
1164       if (!subgraph_k->has_aot_initialized_mirror()) {
1165         num_to_copy ++;
1166       }
1167     }
1168 
1169     _subgraph_object_klasses = ArchiveBuilder::new_ro_array<Klass*>(num_to_copy);
1170     bool is_special = (_k == ArchiveBuilder::get_buffered_klass(vmClasses::Object_klass()));
1171     for (int i = 0, n = 0; i < recorded_klasses->length(); i++) {
1172       Klass* subgraph_k = ArchiveBuilder::get_buffered_klass(recorded_klasses->at(i));
1173       if (subgraph_k->has_aot_initialized_mirror()) {
1174         continue;
1175       }
1176       if (log_is_enabled(Info, aot, heap)) {
1177         ResourceMark rm;
1178         const char* owner_name =  is_special ? "<special>" : _k->external_name();
1179         if (subgraph_k->is_instance_klass()) {
1180           InstanceKlass* src_ik = InstanceKlass::cast(ArchiveBuilder::current()->get_source_addr(subgraph_k));
1181         }
1182         log_info(aot, heap)(
1183           "Archived object klass %s (%2d) => %s",
1184           owner_name, n, subgraph_k->external_name());
1185       }
1186       _subgraph_object_klasses->at_put(n, subgraph_k);
1187       ArchivePtrMarker::mark_pointer(_subgraph_object_klasses->adr_at(n));
1188       n++;
1189     }
1190   }
1191 
1192   ArchivePtrMarker::mark_pointer(&_k);
1193   ArchivePtrMarker::mark_pointer(&_entry_field_records);
1194   ArchivePtrMarker::mark_pointer(&_subgraph_object_klasses);
1195 }
1196 
1197 class HeapShared::CopyKlassSubGraphInfoToArchive : StackObj {
1198   CompactHashtableWriter* _writer;
1199 public:
1200   CopyKlassSubGraphInfoToArchive(CompactHashtableWriter* writer) : _writer(writer) {}
1201 
1202   bool do_entry(Klass* klass, KlassSubGraphInfo& info) {
1203     if (info.subgraph_object_klasses() != nullptr || info.subgraph_entry_fields() != nullptr) {
1204       ArchivedKlassSubGraphInfoRecord* record = HeapShared::archive_subgraph_info(&info);
1205       Klass* buffered_k = ArchiveBuilder::get_buffered_klass(klass);
1206       unsigned int hash = SystemDictionaryShared::hash_for_shared_dictionary((address)buffered_k);
1207       u4 delta = ArchiveBuilder::current()->any_to_offset_u4(record);
1208       _writer->add(hash, delta);
1209     }
1210     return true; // keep on iterating
1211   }
1212 };
1213 
1214 ArchivedKlassSubGraphInfoRecord* HeapShared::archive_subgraph_info(KlassSubGraphInfo* info) {
1215   ArchivedKlassSubGraphInfoRecord* record =
1216       (ArchivedKlassSubGraphInfoRecord*)ArchiveBuilder::ro_region_alloc(sizeof(ArchivedKlassSubGraphInfoRecord));
1217   record->init(info);
1218   if (info ==  _dump_time_special_subgraph) {
1219     _run_time_special_subgraph = record;
1220   }
1221   return record;
1222 }
1223 
1224 // Build the records of archived subgraph infos, which include:
1225 // - Entry points to all subgraphs from the containing class mirror. The entry
1226 //   points are static fields in the mirror. For each entry point, the field
1227 //   offset, and value are recorded in the sub-graph
1228 //   info. The value is stored back to the corresponding field at runtime.
1229 // - A list of klasses that need to be loaded/initialized before archived
1230 //   java object sub-graph can be accessed at runtime.
1231 void HeapShared::write_subgraph_info_table() {
1232   // Allocate the contents of the hashtable(s) inside the RO region of the CDS archive.
1233   DumpTimeKlassSubGraphInfoTable* d_table = _dump_time_subgraph_info_table;
1234   CompactHashtableStats stats;
1235 
1236   _run_time_subgraph_info_table.reset();
1237 
1238   CompactHashtableWriter writer(d_table->number_of_entries(), &stats);
1239   CopyKlassSubGraphInfoToArchive copy(&writer);
1240   d_table->iterate(&copy);
1241   writer.dump(&_run_time_subgraph_info_table, "subgraphs");
1242 
1243 #ifndef PRODUCT
1244   if (ArchiveHeapTestClass != nullptr) {
1245     size_t len = strlen(ArchiveHeapTestClass) + 1;
1246     Array<char>* array = ArchiveBuilder::new_ro_array<char>((int)len);
1247     strncpy(array->adr_at(0), ArchiveHeapTestClass, len);
1248     _archived_ArchiveHeapTestClass = array;
1249   }
1250 #endif
1251   if (log_is_enabled(Info, aot, heap)) {
1252     print_stats();
1253   }
1254 }
1255 
1256 void HeapShared::serialize_tables(SerializeClosure* soc) {
1257 
1258 #ifndef PRODUCT
1259   soc->do_ptr(&_archived_ArchiveHeapTestClass);
1260   if (soc->reading() && _archived_ArchiveHeapTestClass != nullptr) {
1261     _test_class_name = _archived_ArchiveHeapTestClass->adr_at(0);
1262     setup_test_class(_test_class_name);
1263   }
1264 #endif
1265 
1266   _run_time_subgraph_info_table.serialize_header(soc);
1267   soc->do_ptr(&_run_time_special_subgraph);
1268 }
1269 
1270 static void verify_the_heap(Klass* k, const char* which) {
1271   if (VerifyArchivedFields > 0) {
1272     ResourceMark rm;
1273     log_info(aot, heap)("Verify heap %s initializing static field(s) in %s",
1274                         which, k->external_name());
1275 
1276     if (VerifyArchivedFields == 1) {
1277       VM_Verify verify_op;
1278       VMThread::execute(&verify_op);
1279     } else if (VerifyArchivedFields == 2 && is_init_completed()) {
1280       // At this time, the oop->klass() of some archived objects in the heap may not
1281       // have been loaded into the system dictionary yet. Nevertheless, oop->klass() should
1282       // have enough information (object size, oop maps, etc) so that a GC can be safely
1283       // performed.
1284       //
1285       // -XX:VerifyArchivedFields=2 force a GC to happen in such an early stage
1286       // to check for GC safety.
1287       log_info(aot, heap)("Trigger GC %s initializing static field(s) in %s",
1288                           which, k->external_name());
1289       FlagSetting fs1(VerifyBeforeGC, true);
1290       FlagSetting fs2(VerifyDuringGC, true);
1291       FlagSetting fs3(VerifyAfterGC,  true);
1292       Universe::heap()->collect(GCCause::_java_lang_system_gc);
1293     }
1294   }
1295 }
1296 
1297 // Before GC can execute, we must ensure that all oops reachable from HeapShared::roots()
1298 // have a valid klass. I.e., oopDesc::klass() must have already been resolved.
1299 //
1300 // Note: if a ArchivedKlassSubGraphInfoRecord contains non-early classes, and JVMTI
1301 // ClassFileLoadHook is enabled, it's possible for this class to be dynamically replaced. In
1302 // this case, we will not load the ArchivedKlassSubGraphInfoRecord and will clear its roots.
1303 void HeapShared::resolve_classes(JavaThread* current) {
1304   assert(CDSConfig::is_using_archive(), "runtime only!");
1305   if (!is_archived_heap_in_use()) {
1306     return; // nothing to do
1307   }
1308   if (!CDSConfig::is_using_aot_linked_classes()) {
1309     resolve_classes_for_subgraphs(current, archive_subgraph_entry_fields);
1310     resolve_classes_for_subgraphs(current, fmg_archive_subgraph_entry_fields);
1311   }
1312 }
1313 
1314 void HeapShared::resolve_classes_for_subgraphs(JavaThread* current, ArchivableStaticFieldInfo fields[]) {
1315   for (int i = 0; fields[i].valid(); i++) {
1316     ArchivableStaticFieldInfo* info = &fields[i];
1317     TempNewSymbol klass_name = SymbolTable::new_symbol(info->klass_name);
1318     InstanceKlass* k = SystemDictionaryShared::find_builtin_class(klass_name);
1319     assert(k != nullptr && k->defined_by_boot_loader(), "sanity");
1320     resolve_classes_for_subgraph_of(current, k);
1321   }
1322 }
1323 
1324 void HeapShared::resolve_classes_for_subgraph_of(JavaThread* current, Klass* k) {
1325   JavaThread* THREAD = current;
1326   ExceptionMark em(THREAD);
1327   const ArchivedKlassSubGraphInfoRecord* record =
1328    resolve_or_init_classes_for_subgraph_of(k, /*do_init=*/false, THREAD);
1329   if (HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION) {
1330    CLEAR_PENDING_EXCEPTION;
1331   }
1332   if (record == nullptr) {
1333    clear_archived_roots_of(k);
1334   }
1335 }
1336 
1337 void HeapShared::initialize_java_lang_invoke(TRAPS) {
1338   if (CDSConfig::is_using_aot_linked_classes() || CDSConfig::is_dumping_method_handles()) {
1339     resolve_or_init("java/lang/invoke/Invokers$Holder", true, CHECK);
1340     resolve_or_init("java/lang/invoke/MethodHandle", true, CHECK);
1341     resolve_or_init("java/lang/invoke/MethodHandleNatives", true, CHECK);
1342     resolve_or_init("java/lang/invoke/DirectMethodHandle$Holder", true, CHECK);
1343     resolve_or_init("java/lang/invoke/DelegatingMethodHandle$Holder", true, CHECK);
1344     resolve_or_init("java/lang/invoke/LambdaForm$Holder", true, CHECK);
1345     resolve_or_init("java/lang/invoke/BoundMethodHandle$Species_L", true, CHECK);
1346   }
1347 }
1348 
1349 // Initialize the InstanceKlasses of objects that are reachable from the following roots:
1350 //   - interned strings
1351 //   - Klass::java_mirror() -- including aot-initialized mirrors such as those of Enum klasses.
1352 //   - ConstantPool::resolved_references()
1353 //   - Universe::<xxx>_exception_instance()
1354 //
1355 // For example, if this enum class is initialized at AOT cache assembly time:
1356 //
1357 //    enum Fruit {
1358 //       APPLE, ORANGE, BANANA;
1359 //       static final Set<Fruit> HAVE_SEEDS = new HashSet<>(Arrays.asList(APPLE, ORANGE));
1360 //   }
1361 //
1362 // the aot-initialized mirror of Fruit has a static field that references HashSet, which
1363 // should be initialized before any Java code can access the Fruit class. Note that
1364 // HashSet itself doesn't necessary need to be an aot-initialized class.
1365 void HeapShared::init_classes_for_special_subgraph(Handle class_loader, TRAPS) {
1366   if (!is_archived_heap_in_use()) {
1367     return;
1368   }
1369 
1370   assert( _run_time_special_subgraph != nullptr, "must be");
1371   Array<Klass*>* klasses = _run_time_special_subgraph->subgraph_object_klasses();
1372   if (klasses != nullptr) {
1373     for (int pass = 0; pass < 2; pass ++) {
1374       for (int i = 0; i < klasses->length(); i++) {
1375         Klass* k = klasses->at(i);
1376         if (k->class_loader_data() == nullptr) {
1377           // This class is not yet loaded. We will initialize it in a later phase.
1378           // For example, we have loaded only AOTLinkedClassCategory::BOOT1 classes
1379           // but k is part of AOTLinkedClassCategory::BOOT2.
1380           continue;
1381         }
1382         if (k->class_loader() == class_loader()) {
1383           if (pass == 0) {
1384             if (k->is_instance_klass()) {
1385               InstanceKlass::cast(k)->link_class(CHECK);
1386             }
1387           } else {
1388             resolve_or_init(k, /*do_init*/true, CHECK);
1389           }
1390         }
1391       }
1392     }
1393   }
1394 }
1395 
1396 void HeapShared::initialize_from_archived_subgraph(JavaThread* current, Klass* k) {
1397   JavaThread* THREAD = current;
1398   if (!is_archived_heap_in_use()) {
1399     return; // nothing to do
1400   }
1401 
1402   if (k->name()->equals("jdk/internal/module/ArchivedModuleGraph") &&
1403       !CDSConfig::is_using_optimized_module_handling() &&
1404       // archive was created with --module-path
1405       AOTClassLocationConfig::runtime()->num_module_paths() > 0) {
1406     // ArchivedModuleGraph was created with a --module-path that's different than the runtime --module-path.
1407     // Thus, it might contain references to modules that do not exist at runtime. We cannot use it.
1408     log_info(aot, heap)("Skip initializing ArchivedModuleGraph subgraph: is_using_optimized_module_handling=%s num_module_paths=%d",
1409                         BOOL_TO_STR(CDSConfig::is_using_optimized_module_handling()),
1410                         AOTClassLocationConfig::runtime()->num_module_paths());
1411     return;
1412   }
1413 
1414   ExceptionMark em(THREAD);
1415   const ArchivedKlassSubGraphInfoRecord* record =
1416     resolve_or_init_classes_for_subgraph_of(k, /*do_init=*/true, THREAD);
1417 
1418   if (HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION) {
1419     CLEAR_PENDING_EXCEPTION;
1420     // None of the field value will be set if there was an exception when initializing the classes.
1421     // The java code will not see any of the archived objects in the
1422     // subgraphs referenced from k in this case.
1423     return;
1424   }
1425 
1426   if (record != nullptr) {
1427     init_archived_fields_for(k, record);
1428   }
1429 }
1430 
1431 const ArchivedKlassSubGraphInfoRecord*
1432 HeapShared::resolve_or_init_classes_for_subgraph_of(Klass* k, bool do_init, TRAPS) {
1433   assert(!CDSConfig::is_dumping_heap(), "Should not be called when dumping heap");
1434 
1435   if (!k->in_aot_cache()) {
1436     return nullptr;
1437   }
1438   unsigned int hash = SystemDictionaryShared::hash_for_shared_dictionary_quick(k);
1439   const ArchivedKlassSubGraphInfoRecord* record = _run_time_subgraph_info_table.lookup(k, hash, 0);
1440 
1441 #ifndef PRODUCT
1442   if (_test_class_name != nullptr && k->name()->equals(_test_class_name) && record != nullptr) {
1443     _test_class = k;
1444     _test_class_record = record;
1445   }
1446 #endif
1447 
1448   // Initialize from archived data. Currently this is done only
1449   // during VM initialization time. No lock is needed.
1450   if (record == nullptr) {
1451     if (log_is_enabled(Info, aot, heap)) {
1452       ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
1453       log_info(aot, heap)("subgraph %s is not recorded",
1454                           k->external_name());
1455     }
1456     return nullptr;
1457   } else {
1458     if (record->is_full_module_graph() && !CDSConfig::is_using_full_module_graph()) {
1459       if (log_is_enabled(Info, aot, heap)) {
1460         ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
1461         log_info(aot, heap)("subgraph %s cannot be used because full module graph is disabled",
1462                             k->external_name());
1463       }
1464       return nullptr;
1465     }
1466 
1467     if (record->has_non_early_klasses() && JvmtiExport::should_post_class_file_load_hook()) {
1468       if (log_is_enabled(Info, aot, heap)) {
1469         ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
1470         log_info(aot, heap)("subgraph %s cannot be used because JVMTI ClassFileLoadHook is enabled",
1471                             k->external_name());
1472       }
1473       return nullptr;
1474     }
1475 
1476     if (log_is_enabled(Info, aot, heap)) {
1477       ResourceMark rm;
1478       log_info(aot, heap)("%s subgraph %s ", do_init ? "init" : "resolve", k->external_name());
1479     }
1480 
1481     resolve_or_init(k, do_init, CHECK_NULL);
1482 
1483     // Load/link/initialize the klasses of the objects in the subgraph.
1484     // nullptr class loader is used.
1485     Array<Klass*>* klasses = record->subgraph_object_klasses();
1486     if (klasses != nullptr) {
1487       for (int i = 0; i < klasses->length(); i++) {
1488         Klass* klass = klasses->at(i);
1489         if (!klass->in_aot_cache()) {
1490           return nullptr;
1491         }
1492         resolve_or_init(klass, do_init, CHECK_NULL);
1493       }
1494     }
1495   }
1496 
1497   return record;
1498 }
1499 
1500 void HeapShared::resolve_or_init(const char* klass_name, bool do_init, TRAPS) {
1501   TempNewSymbol klass_name_sym =  SymbolTable::new_symbol(klass_name);
1502   InstanceKlass* k = SystemDictionaryShared::find_builtin_class(klass_name_sym);
1503   if (k == nullptr) {
1504     return;
1505   }
1506   assert(k->defined_by_boot_loader(), "sanity");
1507   resolve_or_init(k, false, CHECK);
1508   if (do_init) {
1509     resolve_or_init(k, true, CHECK);
1510   }
1511 }
1512 
1513 void HeapShared::resolve_or_init(Klass* k, bool do_init, TRAPS) {
1514   if (!do_init) {
1515     if (k->class_loader_data() == nullptr) {
1516       Klass* resolved_k = SystemDictionary::resolve_or_null(k->name(), CHECK);
1517       assert(resolved_k == k, "classes used by archived heap must not be replaced by JVMTI ClassFileLoadHook");
1518     }
1519   } else {
1520     assert(k->class_loader_data() != nullptr, "must have been resolved by HeapShared::resolve_classes");
1521     if (k->is_instance_klass()) {
1522       InstanceKlass* ik = InstanceKlass::cast(k);
1523       ik->initialize(CHECK);
1524     } else if (k->is_objArray_klass()) {
1525       ObjArrayKlass* oak = ObjArrayKlass::cast(k);
1526       oak->initialize(CHECK);
1527     }
1528   }
1529 }
1530 
1531 void HeapShared::init_archived_fields_for(Klass* k, const ArchivedKlassSubGraphInfoRecord* record) {
1532   verify_the_heap(k, "before");
1533 
1534   Array<int>* entry_field_records = record->entry_field_records();
1535   if (entry_field_records != nullptr) {
1536     int efr_len = entry_field_records->length();
1537     assert(efr_len % 2 == 0, "sanity");
1538     for (int i = 0; i < efr_len; i += 2) {
1539       int field_offset = entry_field_records->at(i);
1540       int root_index = entry_field_records->at(i+1);
1541       // Load the subgraph entry fields from the record and store them back to
1542       // the corresponding fields within the mirror.
1543       oop v = get_root(root_index, /*clear=*/true);
1544       oop m = k->java_mirror();
1545       if (k->has_aot_initialized_mirror()) {
1546         assert(v == m->obj_field(field_offset), "must be aot-initialized");
1547       } else {
1548         m->obj_field_put(field_offset, v);
1549       }
1550       log_debug(aot, heap)("  " PTR_FORMAT " init field @ %2d = " PTR_FORMAT, p2i(k), field_offset, p2i(v));
1551     }
1552 
1553     // Done. Java code can see the archived sub-graphs referenced from k's
1554     // mirror after this point.
1555     if (log_is_enabled(Info, aot, heap)) {
1556       ResourceMark rm;
1557       log_info(aot, heap)("initialize_from_archived_subgraph %s " PTR_FORMAT "%s%s",
1558                           k->external_name(), p2i(k), JvmtiExport::is_early_phase() ? " (early)" : "",
1559                           k->has_aot_initialized_mirror() ? " (aot-inited)" : "");
1560     }
1561   }
1562 
1563   verify_the_heap(k, "after ");
1564 }
1565 
1566 void HeapShared::clear_archived_roots_of(Klass* k) {
1567   unsigned int hash = SystemDictionaryShared::hash_for_shared_dictionary_quick(k);
1568   const ArchivedKlassSubGraphInfoRecord* record = _run_time_subgraph_info_table.lookup(k, hash, 0);
1569   if (record != nullptr) {
1570     Array<int>* entry_field_records = record->entry_field_records();
1571     if (entry_field_records != nullptr) {
1572       int efr_len = entry_field_records->length();
1573       assert(efr_len % 2 == 0, "sanity");
1574       for (int i = 0; i < efr_len; i += 2) {
1575         int root_index = entry_field_records->at(i+1);
1576         clear_root(root_index);
1577       }
1578     }
1579   }
1580 }
1581 
1582 // Push all oop fields (or oop array elemenets in case of an objArray) in
1583 // _referencing_obj onto the _stack.
1584 class HeapShared::OopFieldPusher: public BasicOopIterateClosure {
1585   PendingOopStack* _stack;
1586   GrowableArray<oop> _found_oop_fields;
1587   int _level;
1588   bool _record_klasses_only;
1589   KlassSubGraphInfo* _subgraph_info;
1590   oop _referencing_obj;
1591   bool _is_java_lang_ref;
1592  public:
1593   OopFieldPusher(PendingOopStack* stack,
1594                  int level,
1595                  bool record_klasses_only,
1596                  KlassSubGraphInfo* subgraph_info,
1597                  oop orig) :
1598     _stack(stack),
1599     _found_oop_fields(),
1600     _level(level),
1601     _record_klasses_only(record_klasses_only),
1602     _subgraph_info(subgraph_info),
1603     _referencing_obj(orig) {
1604     _is_java_lang_ref = AOTReferenceObjSupport::check_if_ref_obj(orig);
1605   }
1606   void do_oop(narrowOop *p) { OopFieldPusher::do_oop_work(p); }
1607   void do_oop(      oop *p) { OopFieldPusher::do_oop_work(p); }
1608 
1609   ~OopFieldPusher() {
1610     while (_found_oop_fields.length() > 0) {
1611       // This produces the exact same traversal order as the previous version
1612       // of OopFieldPusher that recurses on the C stack -- a depth-first search,
1613       // walking the oop fields in _referencing_obj by ascending field offsets.
1614       oop obj = _found_oop_fields.pop();
1615       _stack->push(PendingOop(obj, _referencing_obj, _level + 1));
1616     }
1617   }
1618 
1619  protected:
1620   template <class T> void do_oop_work(T *p) {
1621     int field_offset = pointer_delta_as_int((char*)p, cast_from_oop<char*>(_referencing_obj));
1622     oop obj = HeapAccess<ON_UNKNOWN_OOP_REF>::oop_load_at(_referencing_obj, field_offset);
1623     if (obj != nullptr) {
1624       if (_is_java_lang_ref && AOTReferenceObjSupport::skip_field(field_offset)) {
1625         // Do not follow these fields. They will be cleared to null.
1626         return;
1627       }
1628 
1629       if (!_record_klasses_only && log_is_enabled(Debug, aot, heap)) {
1630         ResourceMark rm;
1631         log_debug(aot, heap)("(%d) %s[%d] ==> " PTR_FORMAT " size %zu %s", _level,
1632                              _referencing_obj->klass()->external_name(), field_offset,
1633                              p2i(obj), obj->size() * HeapWordSize, obj->klass()->external_name());
1634         if (log_is_enabled(Trace, aot, heap)) {
1635           LogTarget(Trace, aot, heap) log;
1636           LogStream out(log);
1637           obj->print_on(&out);
1638         }
1639       }
1640 
1641       _found_oop_fields.push(obj);
1642     }
1643   }
1644 
1645  public:
1646   oop referencing_obj()                       { return _referencing_obj;      }
1647   KlassSubGraphInfo* subgraph_info()          { return _subgraph_info;        }
1648 };
1649 
1650 // Checks if an oop has any non-null oop fields
1651 class PointsToOopsChecker : public BasicOopIterateClosure {
1652   bool _result;
1653 
1654   template <class T> void check(T *p) {
1655     _result |= (HeapAccess<>::oop_load(p) != nullptr);
1656   }
1657 
1658 public:
1659   PointsToOopsChecker() : _result(false) {}
1660   void do_oop(narrowOop *p) { check(p); }
1661   void do_oop(      oop *p) { check(p); }
1662   bool result() { return _result; }
1663 };
1664 
1665 HeapShared::CachedOopInfo HeapShared::make_cached_oop_info(oop obj, oop referrer) {
1666   PointsToOopsChecker points_to_oops_checker;
1667   obj->oop_iterate(&points_to_oops_checker);
1668   return CachedOopInfo(OopHandle(Universe::vm_global(), referrer), points_to_oops_checker.result());
1669 }
1670 
1671 void HeapShared::init_box_classes(TRAPS) {
1672   if (is_archived_heap_in_use()) {
1673     vmClasses::Boolean_klass()->initialize(CHECK);
1674     vmClasses::Character_klass()->initialize(CHECK);
1675     vmClasses::Float_klass()->initialize(CHECK);
1676     vmClasses::Double_klass()->initialize(CHECK);
1677     vmClasses::Byte_klass()->initialize(CHECK);
1678     vmClasses::Short_klass()->initialize(CHECK);
1679     vmClasses::Integer_klass()->initialize(CHECK);
1680     vmClasses::Long_klass()->initialize(CHECK);
1681     vmClasses::Void_klass()->initialize(CHECK);
1682   }
1683 }
1684 
1685 // (1) If orig_obj has not been archived yet, archive it.
1686 // (2) If orig_obj has not been seen yet (since start_recording_subgraph() was called),
1687 //     trace all  objects that are reachable from it, and make sure these objects are archived.
1688 // (3) Record the klasses of all objects that are reachable from orig_obj (including those that
1689 //     were already archived when this function is called)
1690 bool HeapShared::archive_reachable_objects_from(int level,
1691                                                 KlassSubGraphInfo* subgraph_info,
1692                                                 oop orig_obj) {
1693   assert(orig_obj != nullptr, "must be");
1694   PendingOopStack stack;
1695   stack.push(PendingOop(orig_obj, nullptr, level));
1696 
1697   while (stack.length() > 0) {
1698     PendingOop po = stack.pop();
1699     _object_being_archived = po;
1700     bool status = walk_one_object(&stack, po.level(), subgraph_info, po.obj(), po.referrer());
1701     _object_being_archived = PendingOop();
1702 
1703     if (!status) {
1704       // Don't archive a subgraph root that's too big. For archives static fields, that's OK
1705       // as the Java code will take care of initializing this field dynamically.
1706       assert(level == 1, "VM should have exited with unarchivable objects for _level > 1");
1707       return false;
1708     }
1709   }
1710 
1711   return true;
1712 }
1713 
1714 bool HeapShared::walk_one_object(PendingOopStack* stack, int level, KlassSubGraphInfo* subgraph_info,
1715                                  oop orig_obj, oop referrer) {
1716   assert(orig_obj != nullptr, "must be");
1717   if (!JavaClasses::is_supported_for_archiving(orig_obj)) {
1718     // This object has injected fields that cannot be supported easily, so we disallow them for now.
1719     // If you get an error here, you probably made a change in the JDK library that has added
1720     // these objects that are referenced (directly or indirectly) by static fields.
1721     ResourceMark rm;
1722     log_error(aot, heap)("Cannot archive object " PTR_FORMAT " of class %s", p2i(orig_obj), orig_obj->klass()->external_name());
1723     debug_trace();
1724     AOTMetaspace::unrecoverable_writing_error();
1725   }
1726 
1727   if (log_is_enabled(Debug, aot, heap) && java_lang_Class::is_instance(orig_obj)) {
1728     ResourceMark rm;
1729     LogTarget(Debug, aot, heap) log;
1730     LogStream out(log);
1731     out.print("Found java mirror " PTR_FORMAT " ", p2i(orig_obj));
1732     Klass* k = java_lang_Class::as_Klass(orig_obj);
1733     if (k != nullptr) {
1734       out.print("%s", k->external_name());
1735     } else {
1736       out.print("primitive");
1737     }
1738     out.print_cr("; scratch mirror = "  PTR_FORMAT,
1739                  p2i(scratch_java_mirror(orig_obj)));
1740   }
1741 
1742   if (java_lang_Class::is_instance(orig_obj)) {
1743     Klass* k = java_lang_Class::as_Klass(orig_obj);
1744     if (RegeneratedClasses::has_been_regenerated(k)) {
1745       orig_obj = RegeneratedClasses::get_regenerated_object(k)->java_mirror();
1746     }
1747   }
1748 
1749   if (CDSConfig::is_dumping_aot_linked_classes()) {
1750     if (java_lang_Class::is_instance(orig_obj)) {
1751       orig_obj = scratch_java_mirror(orig_obj);
1752       assert(orig_obj != nullptr, "must be archived");
1753     }
1754   } else if (java_lang_Class::is_instance(orig_obj) && subgraph_info != _dump_time_special_subgraph) {
1755     // Without CDSConfig::is_dumping_aot_linked_classes(), we only allow archived objects to
1756     // point to the mirrors of (1) j.l.Object, (2) primitive classes, and (3) box classes. These are initialized
1757     // very early by HeapShared::init_box_classes().
1758     if (orig_obj == vmClasses::Object_klass()->java_mirror()
1759         || java_lang_Class::is_primitive(orig_obj)
1760         || orig_obj == vmClasses::Boolean_klass()->java_mirror()
1761         || orig_obj == vmClasses::Character_klass()->java_mirror()
1762         || orig_obj == vmClasses::Float_klass()->java_mirror()
1763         || orig_obj == vmClasses::Double_klass()->java_mirror()
1764         || orig_obj == vmClasses::Byte_klass()->java_mirror()
1765         || orig_obj == vmClasses::Short_klass()->java_mirror()
1766         || orig_obj == vmClasses::Integer_klass()->java_mirror()
1767         || orig_obj == vmClasses::Long_klass()->java_mirror()
1768         || orig_obj == vmClasses::Void_klass()->java_mirror()) {
1769       orig_obj = scratch_java_mirror(orig_obj);
1770       assert(orig_obj != nullptr, "must be archived");
1771     } else {
1772       // If you get an error here, you probably made a change in the JDK library that has added a Class
1773       // object that is referenced (directly or indirectly) by an ArchivableStaticFieldInfo
1774       // defined at the top of this file.
1775       log_error(aot, heap)("(%d) Unknown java.lang.Class object is in the archived sub-graph", level);
1776       debug_trace();
1777       AOTMetaspace::unrecoverable_writing_error();
1778     }
1779   }
1780 
1781   if (has_been_seen_during_subgraph_recording(orig_obj)) {
1782     // orig_obj has already been archived and traced. Nothing more to do.
1783     return true;
1784   } else {
1785     set_has_been_seen_during_subgraph_recording(orig_obj);
1786   }
1787 
1788   bool already_archived = has_been_archived(orig_obj);
1789   bool record_klasses_only = already_archived;
1790   if (!already_archived) {
1791     ++_num_new_archived_objs;
1792     if (!archive_object(orig_obj, referrer, subgraph_info)) {
1793       // Skip archiving the sub-graph referenced from the current entry field.
1794       ResourceMark rm;
1795       log_error(aot, heap)(
1796         "Cannot archive the sub-graph referenced from %s object ("
1797         PTR_FORMAT ") size %zu, skipped.",
1798         orig_obj->klass()->external_name(), p2i(orig_obj), orig_obj->size() * HeapWordSize);
1799       if (level == 1) {
1800         // Don't archive a subgraph root that's too big. For archives static fields, that's OK
1801         // as the Java code will take care of initializing this field dynamically.
1802         return false;
1803       } else {
1804         // We don't know how to handle an object that has been archived, but some of its reachable
1805         // objects cannot be archived. Bail out for now. We might need to fix this in the future if
1806         // we have a real use case.
1807         AOTMetaspace::unrecoverable_writing_error();
1808       }
1809     }
1810   }
1811 
1812   Klass *orig_k = orig_obj->klass();
1813   subgraph_info->add_subgraph_object_klass(orig_k);
1814 
1815   {
1816     // Find all the oops that are referenced by orig_obj, push them onto the stack
1817     // so we can work on them next.
1818     ResourceMark rm;
1819     OopFieldPusher pusher(stack, level, record_klasses_only, subgraph_info, orig_obj);
1820     orig_obj->oop_iterate(&pusher);
1821   }
1822 
1823   if (CDSConfig::is_dumping_aot_linked_classes()) {
1824     // The enum klasses are archived with aot-initialized mirror.
1825     // See AOTClassInitializer::can_archive_initialized_mirror().
1826   } else {
1827     // This is legacy support for enum classes before JEP 483 -- we cannot rerun
1828     // the enum's <clinit> in the production run, so special handling is needed.
1829     if (CDSEnumKlass::is_enum_obj(orig_obj)) {
1830       CDSEnumKlass::handle_enum_obj(level + 1, subgraph_info, orig_obj);
1831     }
1832   }
1833 
1834   return true;
1835 }
1836 
1837 //
1838 // Start from the given static field in a java mirror and archive the
1839 // complete sub-graph of java heap objects that are reached directly
1840 // or indirectly from the starting object by following references.
1841 // Sub-graph archiving restrictions (current):
1842 //
1843 // - All classes of objects in the archived sub-graph (including the
1844 //   entry class) must be boot class only.
1845 // - No java.lang.Class instance (java mirror) can be included inside
1846 //   an archived sub-graph. Mirror can only be the sub-graph entry object.
1847 //
1848 // The Java heap object sub-graph archiving process (see OopFieldPusher):
1849 //
1850 // 1) Java object sub-graph archiving starts from a given static field
1851 // within a Class instance (java mirror). If the static field is a
1852 // reference field and points to a non-null java object, proceed to
1853 // the next step.
1854 //
1855 // 2) Archives the referenced java object. If an archived copy of the
1856 // current object already exists, updates the pointer in the archived
1857 // copy of the referencing object to point to the current archived object.
1858 // Otherwise, proceed to the next step.
1859 //
1860 // 3) Follows all references within the current java object and recursively
1861 // archive the sub-graph of objects starting from each reference.
1862 //
1863 // 4) Updates the pointer in the archived copy of referencing object to
1864 // point to the current archived object.
1865 //
1866 // 5) The Klass of the current java object is added to the list of Klasses
1867 // for loading and initializing before any object in the archived graph can
1868 // be accessed at runtime.
1869 //
1870 void HeapShared::archive_reachable_objects_from_static_field(InstanceKlass *k,
1871                                                              const char* klass_name,
1872                                                              int field_offset,
1873                                                              const char* field_name) {
1874   assert(CDSConfig::is_dumping_heap(), "dump time only");
1875   assert(k->defined_by_boot_loader(), "must be boot class");
1876 
1877   oop m = k->java_mirror();
1878 
1879   KlassSubGraphInfo* subgraph_info = get_subgraph_info(k);
1880   oop f = m->obj_field(field_offset);
1881 
1882   log_debug(aot, heap)("Start archiving from: %s::%s (" PTR_FORMAT ")", klass_name, field_name, p2i(f));
1883 
1884   if (!CompressedOops::is_null(f)) {
1885     if (log_is_enabled(Trace, aot, heap)) {
1886       LogTarget(Trace, aot, heap) log;
1887       LogStream out(log);
1888       f->print_on(&out);
1889     }
1890 
1891     bool success = archive_reachable_objects_from(1, subgraph_info, f);
1892     if (!success) {
1893       log_error(aot, heap)("Archiving failed %s::%s (some reachable objects cannot be archived)",
1894                            klass_name, field_name);
1895     } else {
1896       // Note: the field value is not preserved in the archived mirror.
1897       // Record the field as a new subGraph entry point. The recorded
1898       // information is restored from the archive at runtime.
1899       subgraph_info->add_subgraph_entry_field(field_offset, f);
1900       log_info(aot, heap)("Archived field %s::%s => " PTR_FORMAT, klass_name, field_name, p2i(f));
1901     }
1902   } else {
1903     // The field contains null, we still need to record the entry point,
1904     // so it can be restored at runtime.
1905     subgraph_info->add_subgraph_entry_field(field_offset, nullptr);
1906   }
1907 }
1908 
1909 #ifndef PRODUCT
1910 class VerifySharedOopClosure: public BasicOopIterateClosure {
1911  public:
1912   void do_oop(narrowOop *p) { VerifySharedOopClosure::do_oop_work(p); }
1913   void do_oop(      oop *p) { VerifySharedOopClosure::do_oop_work(p); }
1914 
1915  protected:
1916   template <class T> void do_oop_work(T *p) {
1917     oop obj = HeapAccess<>::oop_load(p);
1918     if (obj != nullptr) {
1919       HeapShared::verify_reachable_objects_from(obj);
1920     }
1921   }
1922 };
1923 
1924 void HeapShared::verify_subgraph_from_static_field(InstanceKlass* k, int field_offset) {
1925   assert(CDSConfig::is_dumping_heap(), "dump time only");
1926   assert(k->defined_by_boot_loader(), "must be boot class");
1927 
1928   oop m = k->java_mirror();
1929   oop f = m->obj_field(field_offset);
1930   if (!CompressedOops::is_null(f)) {
1931     verify_subgraph_from(f);
1932   }
1933 }
1934 
1935 void HeapShared::verify_subgraph_from(oop orig_obj) {
1936   if (!has_been_archived(orig_obj)) {
1937     // It's OK for the root of a subgraph to be not archived. See comments in
1938     // archive_reachable_objects_from().
1939     return;
1940   }
1941 
1942   // Verify that all objects reachable from orig_obj are archived.
1943   init_seen_objects_table();
1944   verify_reachable_objects_from(orig_obj);
1945   delete_seen_objects_table();
1946 }
1947 
1948 void HeapShared::verify_reachable_objects_from(oop obj) {
1949   _num_total_verifications ++;
1950   if (java_lang_Class::is_instance(obj)) {
1951     obj = scratch_java_mirror(obj);
1952     assert(obj != nullptr, "must be");
1953   }
1954   if (!has_been_seen_during_subgraph_recording(obj)) {
1955     set_has_been_seen_during_subgraph_recording(obj);
1956     assert(has_been_archived(obj), "must be");
1957     VerifySharedOopClosure walker;
1958     obj->oop_iterate(&walker);
1959   }
1960 }
1961 #endif
1962 
1963 void HeapShared::check_special_subgraph_classes() {
1964   if (CDSConfig::is_dumping_aot_linked_classes()) {
1965     // We can have aot-initialized classes (such as Enums) that can reference objects
1966     // of arbitrary types. Currently, we trust the JEP 483 implementation to only
1967     // aot-initialize classes that are "safe".
1968     //
1969     // TODO: we need an automatic tool that checks the safety of aot-initialized
1970     // classes (when we extend the set of aot-initialized classes beyond JEP 483)
1971     return;
1972   } else {
1973     // In this case, the special subgraph should contain a few specific types
1974     GrowableArray<Klass*>* klasses = _dump_time_special_subgraph->subgraph_object_klasses();
1975     int num = klasses->length();
1976     for (int i = 0; i < num; i++) {
1977       Klass* subgraph_k = klasses->at(i);
1978       Symbol* name = subgraph_k->name();
1979       if (subgraph_k->is_instance_klass() &&
1980           name != vmSymbols::java_lang_Class() &&
1981           name != vmSymbols::java_lang_String() &&
1982           name != vmSymbols::java_lang_ArithmeticException() &&
1983           name != vmSymbols::java_lang_ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException() &&
1984           name != vmSymbols::java_lang_ArrayStoreException() &&
1985           name != vmSymbols::java_lang_ClassCastException() &&
1986           name != vmSymbols::java_lang_InternalError() &&
1987           name != vmSymbols::java_lang_NullPointerException() &&
1988           name != vmSymbols::jdk_internal_vm_PreemptedException()) {
1989         ResourceMark rm;
1990         fatal("special subgraph cannot have objects of type %s", subgraph_k->external_name());
1991       }
1992     }
1993   }
1994 }
1995 
1996 HeapShared::SeenObjectsTable* HeapShared::_seen_objects_table = nullptr;
1997 HeapShared::PendingOop HeapShared::_object_being_archived;
1998 size_t HeapShared::_num_new_walked_objs;
1999 size_t HeapShared::_num_new_archived_objs;
2000 size_t HeapShared::_num_old_recorded_klasses;
2001 
2002 size_t HeapShared::_num_total_subgraph_recordings = 0;
2003 size_t HeapShared::_num_total_walked_objs = 0;
2004 size_t HeapShared::_num_total_archived_objs = 0;
2005 size_t HeapShared::_num_total_recorded_klasses = 0;
2006 size_t HeapShared::_num_total_verifications = 0;
2007 
2008 bool HeapShared::has_been_seen_during_subgraph_recording(oop obj) {
2009   return _seen_objects_table->get(obj) != nullptr;
2010 }
2011 
2012 void HeapShared::set_has_been_seen_during_subgraph_recording(oop obj) {
2013   assert(!has_been_seen_during_subgraph_recording(obj), "sanity");
2014   _seen_objects_table->put_when_absent(obj, true);
2015   _seen_objects_table->maybe_grow();
2016   ++ _num_new_walked_objs;
2017 }
2018 
2019 void HeapShared::start_recording_subgraph(InstanceKlass *k, const char* class_name, bool is_full_module_graph) {
2020   log_info(aot, heap)("Start recording subgraph(s) for archived fields in %s", class_name);
2021   init_subgraph_info(k, is_full_module_graph);
2022   init_seen_objects_table();
2023   _num_new_walked_objs = 0;
2024   _num_new_archived_objs = 0;
2025   _num_old_recorded_klasses = get_subgraph_info(k)->num_subgraph_object_klasses();
2026 }
2027 
2028 void HeapShared::done_recording_subgraph(InstanceKlass *k, const char* class_name) {
2029   size_t num_new_recorded_klasses = get_subgraph_info(k)->num_subgraph_object_klasses() -
2030     _num_old_recorded_klasses;
2031   log_info(aot, heap)("Done recording subgraph(s) for archived fields in %s: "
2032                       "walked %zu objs, archived %zu new objs, recorded %zu classes",
2033                       class_name, _num_new_walked_objs, _num_new_archived_objs,
2034                       num_new_recorded_klasses);
2035 
2036   delete_seen_objects_table();
2037 
2038   _num_total_subgraph_recordings ++;
2039   _num_total_walked_objs      += _num_new_walked_objs;
2040   _num_total_archived_objs    += _num_new_archived_objs;
2041   _num_total_recorded_klasses +=  num_new_recorded_klasses;
2042 }
2043 
2044 class ArchivableStaticFieldFinder: public FieldClosure {
2045   InstanceKlass* _ik;
2046   Symbol* _field_name;
2047   bool _found;
2048   int _offset;
2049 public:
2050   ArchivableStaticFieldFinder(InstanceKlass* ik, Symbol* field_name) :
2051     _ik(ik), _field_name(field_name), _found(false), _offset(-1) {}
2052 
2053   virtual void do_field(fieldDescriptor* fd) {
2054     if (fd->name() == _field_name) {
2055       assert(!_found, "fields can never be overloaded");
2056       if (is_reference_type(fd->field_type())) {
2057         _found = true;
2058         _offset = fd->offset();
2059       }
2060     }
2061   }
2062   bool found()     { return _found;  }
2063   int offset()     { return _offset; }
2064 };
2065 
2066 void HeapShared::init_subgraph_entry_fields(ArchivableStaticFieldInfo fields[],
2067                                             TRAPS) {
2068   for (int i = 0; fields[i].valid(); i++) {
2069     ArchivableStaticFieldInfo* info = &fields[i];
2070     TempNewSymbol klass_name =  SymbolTable::new_symbol(info->klass_name);
2071     TempNewSymbol field_name =  SymbolTable::new_symbol(info->field_name);
2072     ResourceMark rm; // for stringStream::as_string() etc.
2073 
2074 #ifndef PRODUCT
2075     bool is_test_class = (ArchiveHeapTestClass != nullptr) && (strcmp(info->klass_name, ArchiveHeapTestClass) == 0);
2076     const char* test_class_name = ArchiveHeapTestClass;
2077 #else
2078     bool is_test_class = false;
2079     const char* test_class_name = ""; // avoid C++ printf checks warnings.
2080 #endif
2081 
2082     if (is_test_class) {
2083       log_warning(aot)("Loading ArchiveHeapTestClass %s ...", test_class_name);
2084     }
2085 
2086     Klass* k = SystemDictionary::resolve_or_fail(klass_name, true, THREAD);
2087     if (HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION) {
2088       CLEAR_PENDING_EXCEPTION;
2089       stringStream st;
2090       st.print("Fail to initialize archive heap: %s cannot be loaded by the boot loader", info->klass_name);
2091       THROW_MSG(vmSymbols::java_lang_IllegalArgumentException(), st.as_string());
2092     }
2093 
2094     if (!k->is_instance_klass()) {
2095       stringStream st;
2096       st.print("Fail to initialize archive heap: %s is not an instance class", info->klass_name);
2097       THROW_MSG(vmSymbols::java_lang_IllegalArgumentException(), st.as_string());
2098     }
2099 
2100     InstanceKlass* ik = InstanceKlass::cast(k);
2101     assert(InstanceKlass::cast(ik)->defined_by_boot_loader(),
2102            "Only support boot classes");
2103 
2104     if (is_test_class) {
2105       if (ik->module()->is_named()) {
2106         // We don't want ArchiveHeapTestClass to be abused to easily load/initialize arbitrary
2107         // core-lib classes. You need to at least append to the bootclasspath.
2108         stringStream st;
2109         st.print("ArchiveHeapTestClass %s is not in unnamed module", test_class_name);
2110         THROW_MSG(vmSymbols::java_lang_IllegalArgumentException(), st.as_string());
2111       }
2112 
2113       if (ik->package() != nullptr) {
2114         // This restriction makes HeapShared::is_a_test_class_in_unnamed_module() easy.
2115         stringStream st;
2116         st.print("ArchiveHeapTestClass %s is not in unnamed package", test_class_name);
2117         THROW_MSG(vmSymbols::java_lang_IllegalArgumentException(), st.as_string());
2118       }
2119     } else {
2120       if (ik->module()->name() != vmSymbols::java_base()) {
2121         // We don't want to deal with cases when a module is unavailable at runtime.
2122         // FUTURE -- load from archived heap only when module graph has not changed
2123         //           between dump and runtime.
2124         stringStream st;
2125         st.print("%s is not in java.base module", info->klass_name);
2126         THROW_MSG(vmSymbols::java_lang_IllegalArgumentException(), st.as_string());
2127       }
2128     }
2129 
2130     if (is_test_class) {
2131       log_warning(aot)("Initializing ArchiveHeapTestClass %s ...", test_class_name);
2132     }
2133     ik->initialize(CHECK);
2134 
2135     ArchivableStaticFieldFinder finder(ik, field_name);
2136     ik->do_local_static_fields(&finder);
2137     if (!finder.found()) {
2138       stringStream st;
2139       st.print("Unable to find the static T_OBJECT field %s::%s", info->klass_name, info->field_name);
2140       THROW_MSG(vmSymbols::java_lang_IllegalArgumentException(), st.as_string());
2141     }
2142 
2143     info->klass = ik;
2144     info->offset = finder.offset();
2145   }
2146 }
2147 
2148 void HeapShared::init_subgraph_entry_fields(TRAPS) {
2149   assert(CDSConfig::is_dumping_heap(), "must be");
2150   _dump_time_subgraph_info_table = new (mtClass)DumpTimeKlassSubGraphInfoTable();
2151   if (!CDSConfig::is_dumping_aot_linked_classes()) {
2152     init_subgraph_entry_fields(archive_subgraph_entry_fields, CHECK);
2153     if (CDSConfig::is_dumping_full_module_graph()) {
2154       init_subgraph_entry_fields(fmg_archive_subgraph_entry_fields, CHECK);
2155     }
2156   }
2157 }
2158 
2159 #ifndef PRODUCT
2160 void HeapShared::setup_test_class(const char* test_class_name) {
2161   ArchivableStaticFieldInfo* p = archive_subgraph_entry_fields;
2162   int num_slots = sizeof(archive_subgraph_entry_fields) / sizeof(ArchivableStaticFieldInfo);
2163   assert(p[num_slots - 2].klass_name == nullptr, "must have empty slot that's patched below");
2164   assert(p[num_slots - 1].klass_name == nullptr, "must have empty slot that marks the end of the list");
2165 
2166   if (test_class_name != nullptr) {
2167     p[num_slots - 2].klass_name = test_class_name;
2168     p[num_slots - 2].field_name = ARCHIVE_TEST_FIELD_NAME;
2169   }
2170 }
2171 
2172 // See if ik is one of the test classes that are pulled in by -XX:ArchiveHeapTestClass
2173 // during runtime. This may be called before the module system is initialized so
2174 // we cannot rely on InstanceKlass::module(), etc.
2175 bool HeapShared::is_a_test_class_in_unnamed_module(Klass* ik) {
2176   if (_test_class != nullptr) {
2177     if (ik == _test_class) {
2178       return true;
2179     }
2180     Array<Klass*>* klasses = _test_class_record->subgraph_object_klasses();
2181     if (klasses == nullptr) {
2182       return false;
2183     }
2184 
2185     for (int i = 0; i < klasses->length(); i++) {
2186       Klass* k = klasses->at(i);
2187       if (k == ik) {
2188         Symbol* name;
2189         if (k->is_instance_klass()) {
2190           name = InstanceKlass::cast(k)->name();
2191         } else if (k->is_objArray_klass()) {
2192           Klass* bk = ObjArrayKlass::cast(k)->bottom_klass();
2193           if (!bk->is_instance_klass()) {
2194             return false;
2195           }
2196           name = bk->name();
2197         } else {
2198           return false;
2199         }
2200 
2201         // See KlassSubGraphInfo::check_allowed_klass() - we only allow test classes
2202         // to be:
2203         //   (A) java.base classes (which must not be in the unnamed module)
2204         //   (B) test classes which must be in the unnamed package of the unnamed module.
2205         // So if we see a '/' character in the class name, it must be in (A);
2206         // otherwise it must be in (B).
2207         if (name->index_of_at(0, "/", 1)  >= 0) {
2208           return false; // (A)
2209         }
2210 
2211         return true; // (B)
2212       }
2213     }
2214   }
2215 
2216   return false;
2217 }
2218 
2219 void HeapShared::initialize_test_class_from_archive(JavaThread* current) {
2220   Klass* k = _test_class;
2221   if (k != nullptr && is_archived_heap_in_use()) {
2222     JavaThread* THREAD = current;
2223     ExceptionMark em(THREAD);
2224     const ArchivedKlassSubGraphInfoRecord* record =
2225       resolve_or_init_classes_for_subgraph_of(k, /*do_init=*/false, THREAD);
2226 
2227     // The _test_class is in the unnamed module, so it can't call CDS.initializeFromArchive()
2228     // from its <clinit> method. So we set up its "archivedObjects" field first, before
2229     // calling its <clinit>. This is not strictly clean, but it's a convenient way to write unit
2230     // test cases (see test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/cacheObject/ArchiveHeapTestClass.java).
2231     if (record != nullptr) {
2232       init_archived_fields_for(k, record);
2233     }
2234     resolve_or_init_classes_for_subgraph_of(k, /*do_init=*/true, THREAD);
2235   }
2236 }
2237 #endif
2238 
2239 void HeapShared::init_for_dumping(TRAPS) {
2240   if (CDSConfig::is_dumping_heap()) {
2241     setup_test_class(ArchiveHeapTestClass);
2242     init_subgraph_entry_fields(CHECK);
2243   }
2244 }
2245 
2246 void HeapShared::init_heap_writer() {
2247   if (HeapShared::is_writing_streaming_mode()) {
2248     AOTStreamedHeapWriter::init();
2249   } else {
2250     AOTMappedHeapWriter::init();
2251   }
2252 }
2253 
2254 void HeapShared::archive_object_subgraphs(ArchivableStaticFieldInfo fields[],
2255                                           bool is_full_module_graph) {
2256   _num_total_subgraph_recordings = 0;
2257   _num_total_walked_objs = 0;
2258   _num_total_archived_objs = 0;
2259   _num_total_recorded_klasses = 0;
2260   _num_total_verifications = 0;
2261 
2262   // For each class X that has one or more archived fields:
2263   // [1] Dump the subgraph of each archived field
2264   // [2] Create a list of all the class of the objects that can be reached
2265   //     by any of these static fields.
2266   //     At runtime, these classes are initialized before X's archived fields
2267   //     are restored by HeapShared::initialize_from_archived_subgraph().
2268   for (int i = 0; fields[i].valid(); ) {
2269     ArchivableStaticFieldInfo* info = &fields[i];
2270     const char* klass_name = info->klass_name;
2271     start_recording_subgraph(info->klass, klass_name, is_full_module_graph);
2272 
2273     // If you have specified consecutive fields of the same klass in
2274     // fields[], these will be archived in the same
2275     // {start_recording_subgraph ... done_recording_subgraph} pass to
2276     // save time.
2277     for (; fields[i].valid(); i++) {
2278       ArchivableStaticFieldInfo* f = &fields[i];
2279       if (f->klass_name != klass_name) {
2280         break;
2281       }
2282 
2283       archive_reachable_objects_from_static_field(f->klass, f->klass_name,
2284                                                   f->offset, f->field_name);
2285     }
2286     done_recording_subgraph(info->klass, klass_name);
2287   }
2288 
2289   log_info(aot, heap)("Archived subgraph records = %zu",
2290                       _num_total_subgraph_recordings);
2291   log_info(aot, heap)("  Walked %zu objects", _num_total_walked_objs);
2292   log_info(aot, heap)("  Archived %zu objects", _num_total_archived_objs);
2293   log_info(aot, heap)("  Recorded %zu klasses", _num_total_recorded_klasses);
2294 
2295 #ifndef PRODUCT
2296   for (int i = 0; fields[i].valid(); i++) {
2297     ArchivableStaticFieldInfo* f = &fields[i];
2298     verify_subgraph_from_static_field(f->klass, f->offset);
2299   }
2300   log_info(aot, heap)("  Verified %zu references", _num_total_verifications);
2301 #endif
2302 }
2303 
2304 bool HeapShared::is_dumped_interned_string(oop o) {
2305   if (is_writing_mapping_mode()) {
2306     return AOTMappedHeapWriter::is_dumped_interned_string(o);
2307   } else {
2308     return AOTStreamedHeapWriter::is_dumped_interned_string(o);
2309   }
2310 }
2311 
2312 // These tables should be used only within the CDS safepoint, so
2313 // delete them before we exit the safepoint. Otherwise the table will
2314 // contain bad oops after a GC.
2315 void HeapShared::delete_tables_with_raw_oops() {
2316   assert(_seen_objects_table == nullptr, "should have been deleted");
2317 
2318   if (is_writing_mapping_mode()) {
2319     AOTMappedHeapWriter::delete_tables_with_raw_oops();
2320   } else {
2321     assert(is_writing_streaming_mode(), "what other mode?");
2322     AOTStreamedHeapWriter::delete_tables_with_raw_oops();
2323   }
2324 }
2325 
2326 void HeapShared::debug_trace() {
2327   ResourceMark rm;
2328   oop referrer = _object_being_archived.referrer();
2329   if (referrer != nullptr) {
2330     LogStream ls(Log(aot, heap)::error());
2331     ls.print_cr("Reference trace");
2332     CDSHeapVerifier::trace_to_root(&ls, referrer);
2333   }
2334 }
2335 
2336 #ifndef PRODUCT
2337 // At dump-time, find the location of all the non-null oop pointers in an archived heap
2338 // region. This way we can quickly relocate all the pointers without using
2339 // BasicOopIterateClosure at runtime.
2340 class FindEmbeddedNonNullPointers: public BasicOopIterateClosure {
2341   void* _start;
2342   BitMap *_oopmap;
2343   size_t _num_total_oops;
2344   size_t _num_null_oops;
2345  public:
2346   FindEmbeddedNonNullPointers(void* start, BitMap* oopmap)
2347     : _start(start), _oopmap(oopmap), _num_total_oops(0),  _num_null_oops(0) {}
2348 
2349   virtual void do_oop(narrowOop* p) {
2350     assert(UseCompressedOops, "sanity");
2351     _num_total_oops ++;
2352     narrowOop v = *p;
2353     if (!CompressedOops::is_null(v)) {
2354       size_t idx = p - (narrowOop*)_start;
2355       _oopmap->set_bit(idx);
2356     } else {
2357       _num_null_oops ++;
2358     }
2359   }
2360   virtual void do_oop(oop* p) {
2361     assert(!UseCompressedOops, "sanity");
2362     _num_total_oops ++;
2363     if ((*p) != nullptr) {
2364       size_t idx = p - (oop*)_start;
2365       _oopmap->set_bit(idx);
2366     } else {
2367       _num_null_oops ++;
2368     }
2369   }
2370   size_t num_total_oops() const { return _num_total_oops; }
2371   size_t num_null_oops()  const { return _num_null_oops; }
2372 };
2373 #endif
2374 
2375 void HeapShared::count_allocation(size_t size) {
2376   _total_obj_count ++;
2377   _total_obj_size += size;
2378   for (int i = 0; i < ALLOC_STAT_SLOTS; i++) {
2379     if (size <= (size_t(1) << i)) {
2380       _alloc_count[i] ++;
2381       _alloc_size[i] += size;
2382       return;
2383     }
2384   }
2385 }
2386 
2387 static double avg_size(size_t size, size_t count) {
2388   double avg = 0;
2389   if (count > 0) {
2390     avg = double(size * HeapWordSize) / double(count);
2391   }
2392   return avg;
2393 }
2394 
2395 void HeapShared::print_stats() {
2396   size_t huge_count = _total_obj_count;
2397   size_t huge_size = _total_obj_size;
2398 
2399   for (int i = 0; i < ALLOC_STAT_SLOTS; i++) {
2400     size_t byte_size_limit = (size_t(1) << i) * HeapWordSize;
2401     size_t count = _alloc_count[i];
2402     size_t size = _alloc_size[i];
2403     log_info(aot, heap)("%8zu objects are <= %-6zu"
2404                         " bytes (total %8zu bytes, avg %8.1f bytes)",
2405                         count, byte_size_limit, size * HeapWordSize, avg_size(size, count));
2406     huge_count -= count;
2407     huge_size -= size;
2408   }
2409 
2410   log_info(aot, heap)("%8zu huge  objects               (total %8zu bytes"
2411                       ", avg %8.1f bytes)",
2412                       huge_count, huge_size * HeapWordSize,
2413                       avg_size(huge_size, huge_count));
2414   log_info(aot, heap)("%8zu total objects               (total %8zu bytes"
2415                       ", avg %8.1f bytes)",
2416                       _total_obj_count, _total_obj_size * HeapWordSize,
2417                       avg_size(_total_obj_size, _total_obj_count));
2418 }
2419 
2420 bool HeapShared::is_metadata_field(oop src_obj, int offset) {
2421   bool result = false;
2422   do_metadata_offsets(src_obj, [&](int metadata_offset) {
2423     if (metadata_offset == offset) {
2424       result = true;
2425     }
2426   });
2427   return result;
2428 }
2429 
2430 void HeapShared::remap_dumped_metadata(oop src_obj, address archived_object) {
2431   do_metadata_offsets(src_obj, [&](int offset) {
2432     Metadata** buffered_field_addr = (Metadata**)(archived_object + offset);
2433     Metadata* native_ptr = *buffered_field_addr;
2434 
2435     if (native_ptr == nullptr) {
2436       return;
2437     }
2438 
2439     if (RegeneratedClasses::has_been_regenerated(native_ptr)) {
2440       native_ptr = RegeneratedClasses::get_regenerated_object(native_ptr);
2441     }
2442 
2443     address buffered_native_ptr = ArchiveBuilder::current()->get_buffered_addr((address)native_ptr);
2444     address requested_native_ptr = ArchiveBuilder::current()->to_requested(buffered_native_ptr);
2445     *buffered_field_addr = (Metadata*)requested_native_ptr;
2446   });
2447 }
2448 
2449 bool HeapShared::is_archived_boot_layer_available(JavaThread* current) {
2450   TempNewSymbol klass_name = SymbolTable::new_symbol(ARCHIVED_BOOT_LAYER_CLASS);
2451   InstanceKlass* k = SystemDictionary::find_instance_klass(current, klass_name, Handle());
2452   if (k == nullptr) {
2453     return false;
2454   } else {
2455     TempNewSymbol field_name = SymbolTable::new_symbol(ARCHIVED_BOOT_LAYER_FIELD);
2456     TempNewSymbol field_signature = SymbolTable::new_symbol("Ljdk/internal/module/ArchivedBootLayer;");
2457     fieldDescriptor fd;
2458     if (k->find_field(field_name, field_signature, true, &fd) != nullptr) {
2459       oop m = k->java_mirror();
2460       oop f = m->obj_field(fd.offset());
2461       if (CompressedOops::is_null(f)) {
2462         return false;
2463       }
2464     } else {
2465       return false;
2466     }
2467   }
2468   return true;
2469 }
2470 
2471 #endif // INCLUDE_CDS_JAVA_HEAP