1 /*
  2  * Copyright (c) 1997, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  3  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  4  *
  5  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
  6  * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
  7  * published by the Free Software Foundation.
  8  *
  9  * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
 10  * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
 11  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
 12  * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
 13  * accompanied this code).
 14  *
 15  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
 16  * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
 17  * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
 18  *
 19  * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
 20  * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
 21  * questions.
 22  *
 23  */
 24 
 25 #include "classfile/classLoaderData.inline.hpp"
 26 #include "classfile/classLoaderDataGraph.hpp"
 27 #include "classfile/javaClasses.inline.hpp"
 28 #include "classfile/stringTable.hpp"
 29 #include "classfile/symbolTable.hpp"
 30 #include "classfile/systemDictionary.hpp"
 31 #include "classfile/vmSymbols.hpp"
 32 #include "code/codeCache.hpp"
 33 #include "compiler/compileBroker.hpp"
 34 #include "compiler/oopMap.hpp"
 35 #include "gc/serial/cardTableRS.hpp"
 36 #include "gc/serial/defNewGeneration.hpp"
 37 #include "gc/serial/serialFullGC.hpp"
 38 #include "gc/serial/serialGcRefProcProxyTask.hpp"
 39 #include "gc/serial/serialHeap.hpp"
 40 #include "gc/serial/serialStringDedup.hpp"
 41 #include "gc/serial/tenuredGeneration.inline.hpp"
 42 #include "gc/shared/classUnloadingContext.hpp"
 43 #include "gc/shared/collectedHeap.inline.hpp"
 44 #include "gc/shared/continuationGCSupport.inline.hpp"
 45 #include "gc/shared/fullGCForwarding.inline.hpp"
 46 #include "gc/shared/gc_globals.hpp"
 47 #include "gc/shared/gcHeapSummary.hpp"
 48 #include "gc/shared/gcTimer.hpp"
 49 #include "gc/shared/gcTrace.hpp"
 50 #include "gc/shared/gcTraceTime.inline.hpp"
 51 #include "gc/shared/oopStorageSet.inline.hpp"
 52 #include "gc/shared/preservedMarks.inline.hpp"
 53 #include "gc/shared/referencePolicy.hpp"
 54 #include "gc/shared/referenceProcessorPhaseTimes.hpp"
 55 #include "gc/shared/space.hpp"
 56 #include "gc/shared/weakProcessor.hpp"
 57 #include "memory/iterator.inline.hpp"
 58 #include "memory/universe.hpp"
 59 #include "oops/access.inline.hpp"
 60 #include "oops/compressedOops.inline.hpp"
 61 #include "oops/instanceRefKlass.hpp"
 62 #include "oops/markWord.hpp"
 63 #include "oops/methodData.hpp"
 64 #include "oops/objArrayKlass.inline.hpp"
 65 #include "oops/oop.inline.hpp"
 66 #include "oops/typeArrayOop.inline.hpp"
 67 #include "runtime/prefetch.inline.hpp"
 68 #include "runtime/threads.hpp"
 69 #include "utilities/align.hpp"
 70 #include "utilities/copy.hpp"
 71 #include "utilities/events.hpp"
 72 #include "utilities/stack.inline.hpp"
 73 
 74 Stack<oop, mtGC>              SerialFullGC::_marking_stack;
 75 Stack<ObjArrayTask, mtGC>     SerialFullGC::_objarray_stack;
 76 
 77 PreservedMarksSet       SerialFullGC::_preserved_overflow_stack_set(false /* in_c_heap */);
 78 size_t                  SerialFullGC::_preserved_count = 0;
 79 size_t                  SerialFullGC::_preserved_count_max = 0;
 80 PreservedMark*          SerialFullGC::_preserved_marks = nullptr;
 81 STWGCTimer*             SerialFullGC::_gc_timer        = nullptr;
 82 SerialOldTracer*        SerialFullGC::_gc_tracer       = nullptr;
 83 
 84 AlwaysTrueClosure   SerialFullGC::_always_true_closure;
 85 ReferenceProcessor* SerialFullGC::_ref_processor;
 86 
 87 StringDedup::Requests*  SerialFullGC::_string_dedup_requests = nullptr;
 88 
 89 SerialFullGC::FollowRootClosure  SerialFullGC::follow_root_closure;
 90 
 91 MarkAndPushClosure SerialFullGC::mark_and_push_closure(ClassLoaderData::_claim_stw_fullgc_mark);
 92 CLDToOopClosure    SerialFullGC::follow_cld_closure(&mark_and_push_closure, ClassLoaderData::_claim_stw_fullgc_mark);
 93 CLDToOopClosure    SerialFullGC::adjust_cld_closure(&adjust_pointer_closure, ClassLoaderData::_claim_stw_fullgc_adjust);
 94 
 95 class DeadSpacer : StackObj {
 96   size_t _allowed_deadspace_words;
 97   bool _active;
 98   ContiguousSpace* _space;
 99 
100 public:
101   DeadSpacer(ContiguousSpace* space) : _allowed_deadspace_words(0), _space(space) {
102     size_t ratio = (_space == SerialHeap::heap()->old_gen()->space())
103                    ? MarkSweepDeadRatio : 0;
104     _active = ratio > 0;
105 
106     if (_active) {
107       // We allow some amount of garbage towards the bottom of the space, so
108       // we don't start compacting before there is a significant gain to be made.
109       // Occasionally, we want to ensure a full compaction, which is determined
110       // by the MarkSweepAlwaysCompactCount parameter.
111       if ((SerialHeap::heap()->total_full_collections() % MarkSweepAlwaysCompactCount) != 0) {
112         _allowed_deadspace_words = (space->capacity() * ratio / 100) / HeapWordSize;
113       } else {
114         _active = false;
115       }
116     }
117   }
118 
119   bool insert_deadspace(HeapWord* dead_start, HeapWord* dead_end) {
120     if (!_active) {
121       return false;
122     }
123 
124     size_t dead_length = pointer_delta(dead_end, dead_start);
125     if (_allowed_deadspace_words >= dead_length) {
126       _allowed_deadspace_words -= dead_length;
127       CollectedHeap::fill_with_object(dead_start, dead_length);
128       oop obj = cast_to_oop(dead_start);
129       // obj->set_mark(obj->mark().set_marked());
130 
131       assert(dead_length == obj->size(), "bad filler object size");
132       log_develop_trace(gc, compaction)("Inserting object to dead space: " PTR_FORMAT ", " PTR_FORMAT ", %zub",
133                                         p2i(dead_start), p2i(dead_end), dead_length * HeapWordSize);
134 
135       return true;
136     } else {
137       _active = false;
138       return false;
139     }
140   }
141 };
142 
143 // Implement the "compaction" part of the mark-compact GC algorithm.
144 class Compacter {
145   // There are four spaces in total, but only the first three can be used after
146   // compact. IOW, old and eden/from must be enough for all live objs
147   static constexpr uint max_num_spaces = 4;
148 
149   struct CompactionSpace {
150     ContiguousSpace* _space;
151     // Will be the new top after compaction is complete.
152     HeapWord* _compaction_top;
153     // The first dead word in this contiguous space. It's an optimization to
154     // skip large chunk of live objects at the beginning.
155     HeapWord* _first_dead;
156 
157     void init(ContiguousSpace* space) {
158       _space = space;
159       _compaction_top = space->bottom();
160       _first_dead = nullptr;
161     }
162   };
163 
164   CompactionSpace _spaces[max_num_spaces];
165   // The num of spaces to be compacted, i.e. containing live objs.
166   uint _num_spaces;
167 
168   uint _index;
169 
170   // Used for BOT update
171   TenuredGeneration* _old_gen;
172 
173   HeapWord* get_compaction_top(uint index) const {
174     return _spaces[index]._compaction_top;
175   }
176 
177   HeapWord* get_first_dead(uint index) const {
178     return _spaces[index]._first_dead;
179   }
180 
181   ContiguousSpace* get_space(uint index) const {
182     return _spaces[index]._space;
183   }
184 
185   void record_first_dead(uint index, HeapWord* first_dead) {
186     assert(_spaces[index]._first_dead == nullptr, "should write only once");
187     _spaces[index]._first_dead = first_dead;
188   }
189 
190   HeapWord* alloc(size_t words) {
191     while (true) {
192       if (words <= pointer_delta(_spaces[_index]._space->end(),
193                                  _spaces[_index]._compaction_top)) {
194         HeapWord* result = _spaces[_index]._compaction_top;
195         _spaces[_index]._compaction_top += words;
196         if (_index == 0) {
197           // old-gen requires BOT update
198           _old_gen->update_for_block(result, result + words);
199         }
200         return result;
201       }
202 
203       // out-of-memory in this space
204       _index++;
205       assert(_index < max_num_spaces - 1, "the last space should not be used");
206     }
207   }
208 
209   static void prefetch_read_scan(void* p) {
210     if (PrefetchScanIntervalInBytes >= 0) {
211       Prefetch::read(p, PrefetchScanIntervalInBytes);
212     }
213   }
214 
215   static void prefetch_write_scan(void* p) {
216     if (PrefetchScanIntervalInBytes >= 0) {
217       Prefetch::write(p, PrefetchScanIntervalInBytes);
218     }
219   }
220 
221   static void prefetch_write_copy(void* p) {
222     if (PrefetchCopyIntervalInBytes >= 0) {
223       Prefetch::write(p, PrefetchCopyIntervalInBytes);
224     }
225   }
226 
227   static void forward_obj(oop obj, HeapWord* new_addr) {
228     prefetch_write_scan(obj);
229     if (cast_from_oop<HeapWord*>(obj) != new_addr) {
230       FullGCForwarding::forward_to(obj, cast_to_oop(new_addr));
231     } else {
232       assert(obj->is_gc_marked(), "inv");
233       // This obj will stay in-place. Fix the markword.
234       obj->init_mark();
235     }
236   }
237 
238   static HeapWord* find_next_live_addr(HeapWord* start, HeapWord* end) {
239     for (HeapWord* i_addr = start; i_addr < end; /* empty */) {
240       prefetch_read_scan(i_addr);
241       oop obj = cast_to_oop(i_addr);
242       if (obj->is_gc_marked()) {
243         return i_addr;
244       }
245       i_addr += obj->size();
246     }
247     return end;
248   };
249 
250   static size_t relocate(HeapWord* addr) {
251     // Prefetch source and destination
252     prefetch_read_scan(addr);
253 
254     oop obj = cast_to_oop(addr);
255     oop new_obj = FullGCForwarding::forwardee(obj);
256     HeapWord* new_addr = cast_from_oop<HeapWord*>(new_obj);
257     assert(addr != new_addr, "inv");
258     prefetch_write_copy(new_addr);
259 
260     size_t obj_size = obj->size();
261     Copy::aligned_conjoint_words(addr, new_addr, obj_size);
262     new_obj->init_mark();
263 
264     return obj_size;
265   }
266 
267 public:
268   explicit Compacter(SerialHeap* heap) {
269     // In this order so that heap is compacted towards old-gen.
270     _spaces[0].init(heap->old_gen()->space());
271     _spaces[1].init(heap->young_gen()->eden());
272     _spaces[2].init(heap->young_gen()->from());
273 
274     bool is_promotion_failed = !heap->young_gen()->to()->is_empty();
275     if (is_promotion_failed) {
276       _spaces[3].init(heap->young_gen()->to());
277       _num_spaces = 4;
278     } else {
279       _num_spaces = 3;
280     }
281     _index = 0;
282     _old_gen = heap->old_gen();
283   }
284 
285   void phase2_calculate_new_addr() {
286     for (uint i = 0; i < _num_spaces; ++i) {
287       ContiguousSpace* space = get_space(i);
288       HeapWord* cur_addr = space->bottom();
289       HeapWord* top = space->top();
290 
291       bool record_first_dead_done = false;
292 
293       DeadSpacer dead_spacer(space);
294 
295       while (cur_addr < top) {
296         oop obj = cast_to_oop(cur_addr);
297         size_t obj_size = obj->size();
298         if (obj->is_gc_marked()) {
299           HeapWord* new_addr = alloc(obj_size);
300           forward_obj(obj, new_addr);
301           cur_addr += obj_size;
302         } else {
303           // Skipping the current known-unmarked obj
304           HeapWord* next_live_addr = find_next_live_addr(cur_addr + obj_size, top);
305           if (dead_spacer.insert_deadspace(cur_addr, next_live_addr)) {
306             // Register space for the filler obj
307             alloc(pointer_delta(next_live_addr, cur_addr));
308           } else {
309             if (!record_first_dead_done) {
310               record_first_dead(i, cur_addr);
311               record_first_dead_done = true;
312             }
313             *(HeapWord**)cur_addr = next_live_addr;
314           }
315           cur_addr = next_live_addr;
316         }
317       }
318 
319       if (!record_first_dead_done) {
320         record_first_dead(i, top);
321       }
322     }
323   }
324 
325   void phase3_adjust_pointers() {
326     for (uint i = 0; i < _num_spaces; ++i) {
327       ContiguousSpace* space = get_space(i);
328       HeapWord* cur_addr = space->bottom();
329       HeapWord* const top = space->top();
330       HeapWord* const first_dead = get_first_dead(i);
331 
332       while (cur_addr < top) {
333         prefetch_write_scan(cur_addr);
334         if (cur_addr < first_dead || cast_to_oop(cur_addr)->is_gc_marked()) {
335           size_t size = cast_to_oop(cur_addr)->oop_iterate_size(&SerialFullGC::adjust_pointer_closure);
336           cur_addr += size;
337         } else {
338           assert(*(HeapWord**)cur_addr > cur_addr, "forward progress");
339           cur_addr = *(HeapWord**)cur_addr;
340         }
341       }
342     }
343   }
344 
345   void phase4_compact() {
346     for (uint i = 0; i < _num_spaces; ++i) {
347       ContiguousSpace* space = get_space(i);
348       HeapWord* cur_addr = space->bottom();
349       HeapWord* top = space->top();
350 
351       // Check if the first obj inside this space is forwarded.
352       if (!FullGCForwarding::is_forwarded(cast_to_oop(cur_addr))) {
353         // Jump over consecutive (in-place) live-objs-chunk
354         cur_addr = get_first_dead(i);
355       }
356 
357       while (cur_addr < top) {
358         if (!FullGCForwarding::is_forwarded(cast_to_oop(cur_addr))) {
359           cur_addr = *(HeapWord**) cur_addr;
360           continue;
361         }
362         cur_addr += relocate(cur_addr);
363       }
364 
365       // Reset top and unused memory
366       HeapWord* new_top = get_compaction_top(i);
367       space->set_top(new_top);
368       if (ZapUnusedHeapArea && new_top < top) {
369         space->mangle_unused_area(MemRegion(new_top, top));
370       }
371     }
372   }
373 };
374 
375 template <class T> void SerialFullGC::KeepAliveClosure::do_oop_work(T* p) {
376   mark_and_push(p);
377 }
378 
379 void SerialFullGC::push_objarray(oop obj, size_t index) {
380   ObjArrayTask task(obj, index);
381   assert(task.is_valid(), "bad ObjArrayTask");
382   _objarray_stack.push(task);
383 }
384 
385 void SerialFullGC::follow_array(objArrayOop array) {
386   mark_and_push_closure.do_klass(array->klass());
387   // Don't push empty arrays to avoid unnecessary work.
388   if (array->length() > 0) {
389     SerialFullGC::push_objarray(array, 0);
390   }
391 }
392 
393 void SerialFullGC::follow_object(oop obj) {
394   assert(obj->is_gc_marked(), "should be marked");
395   if (obj->is_objArray()) {
396     // Handle object arrays explicitly to allow them to
397     // be split into chunks if needed.
398     SerialFullGC::follow_array((objArrayOop)obj);
399   } else {
400     obj->oop_iterate(&mark_and_push_closure);
401   }
402 }
403 
404 void SerialFullGC::follow_array_chunk(objArrayOop array, int index) {
405   const int len = array->length();
406   const int beg_index = index;
407   assert(beg_index < len || len == 0, "index too large");
408 
409   const int stride = MIN2(len - beg_index, (int) ObjArrayMarkingStride);
410   const int end_index = beg_index + stride;
411 
412   array->oop_iterate_elements_range(&mark_and_push_closure, beg_index, end_index);
413 
414   if (end_index < len) {
415     SerialFullGC::push_objarray(array, end_index); // Push the continuation.
416   }
417 }
418 
419 void SerialFullGC::follow_stack() {
420   do {
421     while (!_marking_stack.is_empty()) {
422       oop obj = _marking_stack.pop();
423       assert (obj->is_gc_marked(), "p must be marked");
424       follow_object(obj);
425     }
426     // Process ObjArrays one at a time to avoid marking stack bloat.
427     if (!_objarray_stack.is_empty()) {
428       ObjArrayTask task = _objarray_stack.pop();
429       follow_array_chunk(objArrayOop(task.obj()), task.index());
430     }
431   } while (!_marking_stack.is_empty() || !_objarray_stack.is_empty());
432 }
433 
434 SerialFullGC::FollowStackClosure SerialFullGC::follow_stack_closure;
435 
436 void SerialFullGC::FollowStackClosure::do_void() { follow_stack(); }
437 
438 template <class T> void SerialFullGC::follow_root(T* p) {
439   assert(!Universe::heap()->is_in(p),
440          "roots shouldn't be things within the heap");
441   T heap_oop = RawAccess<>::oop_load(p);
442   if (!CompressedOops::is_null(heap_oop)) {
443     oop obj = CompressedOops::decode_not_null(heap_oop);
444     if (!obj->mark().is_marked()) {
445       mark_object(obj);
446       follow_object(obj);
447     }
448   }
449   follow_stack();
450 }
451 
452 void SerialFullGC::FollowRootClosure::do_oop(oop* p)       { follow_root(p); }
453 void SerialFullGC::FollowRootClosure::do_oop(narrowOop* p) { follow_root(p); }
454 
455 // We preserve the mark which should be replaced at the end and the location
456 // that it will go.  Note that the object that this markWord belongs to isn't
457 // currently at that address but it will be after phase4
458 void SerialFullGC::preserve_mark(oop obj, markWord mark) {
459   // We try to store preserved marks in the to space of the new generation since
460   // this is storage which should be available.  Most of the time this should be
461   // sufficient space for the marks we need to preserve but if it isn't we fall
462   // back to using Stacks to keep track of the overflow.
463   if (_preserved_count < _preserved_count_max) {
464     _preserved_marks[_preserved_count++] = PreservedMark(obj, mark);
465   } else {
466     _preserved_overflow_stack_set.get()->push_always(obj, mark);
467   }
468 }
469 
470 void SerialFullGC::phase1_mark(bool clear_all_softrefs) {
471   // Recursively traverse all live objects and mark them
472   GCTraceTime(Info, gc, phases) tm("Phase 1: Mark live objects", _gc_timer);
473 
474   SerialHeap* gch = SerialHeap::heap();
475 
476   ClassLoaderDataGraph::verify_claimed_marks_cleared(ClassLoaderData::_claim_stw_fullgc_mark);
477 
478   ref_processor()->start_discovery(clear_all_softrefs);
479 
480   {
481     GCTraceTime(Debug, gc, phases) tm_m("Marking From Roots", gc_timer());
482 
483     // Start tracing from roots, there are 3 kinds of roots in full-gc.
484     //
485     // 1. CLD. This method internally takes care of whether class loading is
486     // enabled or not, applying the closure to both strong and weak or only
487     // strong CLDs.
488     ClassLoaderDataGraph::always_strong_cld_do(&follow_cld_closure);
489 
490     {
491       // 2. Threads stack frames and active nmethods in them.
492       NMethodMarkingScope nmethod_marking_scope;
493       MarkingNMethodClosure mark_code_closure(&follow_root_closure);
494 
495       Threads::oops_do(&follow_root_closure, &mark_code_closure);
496     }
497 
498     // 3. VM internal roots.
499     OopStorageSet::strong_oops_do(&follow_root_closure);
500   }
501 
502   // Process reference objects found during marking
503   {
504     GCTraceTime(Debug, gc, phases) tm_m("Reference Processing", gc_timer());
505 
506     ReferenceProcessorPhaseTimes pt(_gc_timer, ref_processor()->max_num_queues());
507     SerialGCRefProcProxyTask task(is_alive, keep_alive, follow_stack_closure);
508     const ReferenceProcessorStats& stats = ref_processor()->process_discovered_references(task, nullptr, pt);
509     pt.print_all_references();
510     gc_tracer()->report_gc_reference_stats(stats);
511   }
512 
513   // This is the point where the entire marking should have completed.
514   assert(_marking_stack.is_empty(), "Marking should have completed");
515 
516   {
517     GCTraceTime(Debug, gc, phases) tm_m("Weak Processing", gc_timer());
518     WeakProcessor::weak_oops_do(&is_alive, &do_nothing_cl);
519   }
520 
521   {
522     GCTraceTime(Debug, gc, phases) tm_m("Class Unloading", gc_timer());
523 
524     ClassUnloadingContext* ctx = ClassUnloadingContext::context();
525 
526     bool unloading_occurred;
527     {
528       CodeCache::UnlinkingScope scope(&is_alive);
529 
530       // Unload classes and purge the SystemDictionary.
531       unloading_occurred = SystemDictionary::do_unloading(gc_timer());
532 
533       // Unload nmethods.
534       CodeCache::do_unloading(unloading_occurred);
535     }
536 
537     {
538       GCTraceTime(Debug, gc, phases) t("Purge Unlinked NMethods", gc_timer());
539       // Release unloaded nmethod's memory.
540       ctx->purge_nmethods();
541     }
542     {
543       GCTraceTime(Debug, gc, phases) ur("Unregister NMethods", gc_timer());
544       gch->prune_unlinked_nmethods();
545     }
546     {
547       GCTraceTime(Debug, gc, phases) t("Free Code Blobs", gc_timer());
548       ctx->free_nmethods();
549     }
550 
551     // Prune dead klasses from subklass/sibling/implementor lists.
552     Klass::clean_weak_klass_links(unloading_occurred);
553   }
554 
555   {
556     GCTraceTime(Debug, gc, phases) tm_m("Report Object Count", gc_timer());
557     gc_tracer()->report_object_count_after_gc(&is_alive, nullptr);
558   }
559 }
560 
561 void SerialFullGC::allocate_stacks() {
562   void* scratch = nullptr;
563   size_t num_words;
564   DefNewGeneration* young_gen = (DefNewGeneration*)SerialHeap::heap()->young_gen();
565   young_gen->contribute_scratch(scratch, num_words);
566 
567   if (scratch != nullptr) {
568     _preserved_count_max = num_words * HeapWordSize / sizeof(PreservedMark);
569   } else {
570     _preserved_count_max = 0;
571   }
572 
573   _preserved_marks = (PreservedMark*)scratch;
574   _preserved_count = 0;
575 
576   _preserved_overflow_stack_set.init(1);
577 }
578 
579 void SerialFullGC::deallocate_stacks() {
580   if (_preserved_count_max != 0) {
581     DefNewGeneration* young_gen = (DefNewGeneration*)SerialHeap::heap()->young_gen();
582     young_gen->reset_scratch();
583   }
584 
585   _preserved_overflow_stack_set.reclaim();
586   _marking_stack.clear();
587   _objarray_stack.clear(true);
588 }
589 
590 void SerialFullGC::mark_object(oop obj) {
591   if (StringDedup::is_enabled() &&
592       java_lang_String::is_instance(obj) &&
593       SerialStringDedup::is_candidate_from_mark(obj)) {
594     _string_dedup_requests->add(obj);
595   }
596 
597   // some marks may contain information we need to preserve so we store them away
598   // and overwrite the mark.  We'll restore it at the end of serial full GC.
599   markWord mark = obj->mark();
600   obj->set_mark(obj->prototype_mark().set_marked());
601 
602   ContinuationGCSupport::transform_stack_chunk(obj);
603 
604   if (obj->mark_must_be_preserved(mark)) {
605     preserve_mark(obj, mark);
606   }
607 }
608 
609 template <class T> void SerialFullGC::mark_and_push(T* p) {
610   T heap_oop = RawAccess<>::oop_load(p);
611   if (!CompressedOops::is_null(heap_oop)) {
612     oop obj = CompressedOops::decode_not_null(heap_oop);
613     if (!obj->mark().is_marked()) {
614       mark_object(obj);
615       _marking_stack.push(obj);
616     }
617   }
618 }
619 
620 template <typename T>
621 void MarkAndPushClosure::do_oop_work(T* p)            { SerialFullGC::mark_and_push(p); }
622 void MarkAndPushClosure::do_oop(      oop* p)         { do_oop_work(p); }
623 void MarkAndPushClosure::do_oop(narrowOop* p)         { do_oop_work(p); }
624 
625 template <class T> void SerialFullGC::adjust_pointer(T* p) {
626   T heap_oop = RawAccess<>::oop_load(p);
627   if (!CompressedOops::is_null(heap_oop)) {
628     oop obj = CompressedOops::decode_not_null(heap_oop);
629     assert(Universe::heap()->is_in(obj), "should be in heap");
630 
631     if (FullGCForwarding::is_forwarded(obj)) {
632       oop new_obj = FullGCForwarding::forwardee(obj);
633       assert(is_object_aligned(new_obj), "oop must be aligned");
634       RawAccess<IS_NOT_NULL>::oop_store(p, new_obj);
635     }
636   }
637 }
638 
639 template <typename T>
640 void AdjustPointerClosure::do_oop_work(T* p)           { SerialFullGC::adjust_pointer(p); }
641 inline void AdjustPointerClosure::do_oop(oop* p)       { do_oop_work(p); }
642 inline void AdjustPointerClosure::do_oop(narrowOop* p) { do_oop_work(p); }
643 
644 AdjustPointerClosure SerialFullGC::adjust_pointer_closure;
645 
646 void SerialFullGC::adjust_marks() {
647   // adjust the oops we saved earlier
648   for (size_t i = 0; i < _preserved_count; i++) {
649     PreservedMarks::adjust_preserved_mark(_preserved_marks + i);
650   }
651 
652   // deal with the overflow stack
653   _preserved_overflow_stack_set.get()->adjust_during_full_gc();
654 }
655 
656 void SerialFullGC::restore_marks() {
657   log_trace(gc)("Restoring %zu marks", _preserved_count + _preserved_overflow_stack_set.get()->size());
658 
659   // restore the marks we saved earlier
660   for (size_t i = 0; i < _preserved_count; i++) {
661     _preserved_marks[i].set_mark();
662   }
663 
664   // deal with the overflow
665   _preserved_overflow_stack_set.restore(nullptr);
666 }
667 
668 SerialFullGC::IsAliveClosure   SerialFullGC::is_alive;
669 
670 bool SerialFullGC::IsAliveClosure::do_object_b(oop p) { return p->is_gc_marked(); }
671 
672 SerialFullGC::KeepAliveClosure SerialFullGC::keep_alive;
673 
674 void SerialFullGC::KeepAliveClosure::do_oop(oop* p)       { SerialFullGC::KeepAliveClosure::do_oop_work(p); }
675 void SerialFullGC::KeepAliveClosure::do_oop(narrowOop* p) { SerialFullGC::KeepAliveClosure::do_oop_work(p); }
676 
677 void SerialFullGC::initialize() {
678   SerialFullGC::_gc_timer = new STWGCTimer();
679   SerialFullGC::_gc_tracer = new SerialOldTracer();
680   SerialFullGC::_string_dedup_requests = new StringDedup::Requests();
681 
682   // The Full GC operates on the entire heap so all objects should be subject
683   // to discovery, hence the _always_true_closure.
684   SerialFullGC::_ref_processor = new ReferenceProcessor(&_always_true_closure);
685   mark_and_push_closure.set_ref_discoverer(_ref_processor);
686 }
687 
688 void SerialFullGC::invoke_at_safepoint(bool clear_all_softrefs) {
689   assert(SafepointSynchronize::is_at_safepoint(), "must be at a safepoint");
690 
691   SerialHeap* gch = SerialHeap::heap();
692 
693   gch->trace_heap_before_gc(_gc_tracer);
694 
695   // Capture used regions for old-gen to reestablish old-to-young invariant
696   // after full-gc.
697   gch->old_gen()->save_used_region();
698 
699   allocate_stacks();
700 
701   // Usually, all class unloading work occurs at the end of phase 1, but Serial
702   // full-gc accesses dead-objs' klass to find out the start of next live-obj
703   // during phase 2. This requires klasses of dead-objs to be kept loaded.
704   // Therefore, we declare ClassUnloadingContext at the same level as
705   // full-gc phases, and purge dead classes (invoking
706   // ClassLoaderDataGraph::purge) after all phases of full-gc.
707   ClassUnloadingContext ctx(1 /* num_nmethod_unlink_workers */,
708                             false /* unregister_nmethods_during_purge */,
709                             false /* lock_nmethod_free_separately */);
710 
711   phase1_mark(clear_all_softrefs);
712 
713   Compacter compacter{gch};
714 
715   {
716     // Now all live objects are marked, compute the new object addresses.
717     GCTraceTime(Info, gc, phases) tm("Phase 2: Compute new object addresses", _gc_timer);
718 
719     compacter.phase2_calculate_new_addr();
720   }
721 
722   // Don't add any more derived pointers during phase3
723 #ifdef COMPILER2
724   assert(DerivedPointerTable::is_active(), "Sanity");
725   DerivedPointerTable::set_active(false);
726 #endif // COMPILER2
727 
728   {
729     // Adjust the pointers to reflect the new locations
730     GCTraceTime(Info, gc, phases) tm("Phase 3: Adjust pointers", gc_timer());
731 
732     ClassLoaderDataGraph::verify_claimed_marks_cleared(ClassLoaderData::_claim_stw_fullgc_adjust);
733 
734     // Remap strong and weak roots in adjust phase.
735     // 1. All (strong and weak) CLDs.
736     ClassLoaderDataGraph::cld_do(&adjust_cld_closure);
737 
738     // 2. Threads stack frames. No need to visit on-stack nmethods, because all
739     // nmethods are visited in one go via CodeCache::nmethods_do.
740     Threads::oops_do(&adjust_pointer_closure, nullptr);
741     NMethodToOopClosure nmethod_cl(&adjust_pointer_closure, NMethodToOopClosure::FixRelocations);
742     CodeCache::nmethods_do(&nmethod_cl);
743 
744     // 3. VM internal roots
745     OopStorageSet::strong_oops_do(&adjust_pointer_closure);
746 
747     // 4. VM internal weak roots
748     WeakProcessor::oops_do(&adjust_pointer_closure);
749 
750     adjust_marks();
751     compacter.phase3_adjust_pointers();
752   }
753 
754   {
755     // All pointers are now adjusted, move objects accordingly
756     GCTraceTime(Info, gc, phases) tm("Phase 4: Move objects", _gc_timer);
757 
758     compacter.phase4_compact();
759   }
760 
761   // Delete metaspaces for unloaded class loaders and clean up CLDG.
762   ClassLoaderDataGraph::purge(true /* at_safepoint */);
763   DEBUG_ONLY(MetaspaceUtils::verify();)
764 
765   // Need to clear claim bits for the next full-gc (specifically phase 1 and 3).
766   ClassLoaderDataGraph::clear_claimed_marks();
767 
768   restore_marks();
769 
770   deallocate_stacks();
771 
772   SerialFullGC::_string_dedup_requests->flush();
773 
774   bool is_young_gen_empty = (gch->young_gen()->used() == 0);
775   gch->rem_set()->maintain_old_to_young_invariant(gch->old_gen(), is_young_gen_empty);
776 
777   gch->prune_scavengable_nmethods();
778 
779   // Update heap occupancy information which is used as
780   // input to soft ref clearing policy at the next gc.
781   Universe::heap()->update_capacity_and_used_at_gc();
782 
783   // Signal that we have completed a visit to all live objects.
784   Universe::heap()->record_whole_heap_examined_timestamp();
785 
786   gch->trace_heap_after_gc(_gc_tracer);
787 }