1 /*
  2  * Copyright (c) 1997, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  3  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  4  *
  5  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
  6  * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
  7  * published by the Free Software Foundation.
  8  *
  9  * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
 10  * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
 11  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
 12  * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
 13  * accompanied this code).
 14  *
 15  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
 16  * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
 17  * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
 18  *
 19  * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
 20  * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
 21  * questions.
 22  *
 23  */
 24 
 25 #include "asm/macroAssembler.inline.hpp"
 26 #include "cds/aotMetaspace.hpp"
 27 #include "compiler/disassembler.hpp"
 28 #include "interpreter/bytecodeHistogram.hpp"
 29 #include "interpreter/bytecodeStream.hpp"
 30 #include "interpreter/interp_masm.hpp"
 31 #include "interpreter/interpreter.hpp"
 32 #include "interpreter/interpreterRuntime.hpp"
 33 #include "interpreter/templateTable.hpp"
 34 #include "memory/allocation.inline.hpp"
 35 #include "memory/resourceArea.hpp"
 36 #include "oops/arrayOop.hpp"
 37 #include "oops/constantPool.inline.hpp"
 38 #include "oops/cpCache.inline.hpp"
 39 #include "oops/method.inline.hpp"
 40 #include "oops/methodData.hpp"
 41 #include "oops/oop.inline.hpp"
 42 #include "prims/jvmtiExport.hpp"
 43 #include "prims/methodHandles.hpp"
 44 #include "runtime/arguments.hpp"
 45 #include "runtime/handles.inline.hpp"
 46 #include "runtime/sharedRuntime.hpp"
 47 #include "runtime/stubRoutines.hpp"
 48 #include "runtime/timer.hpp"
 49 
 50 # define __ _masm->
 51 
 52 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 53 // Implementation of platform independent aspects of Interpreter
 54 
 55 void AbstractInterpreter::initialize() {
 56   // make sure 'imported' classes are initialized
 57   if (CountBytecodes || TraceBytecodes || StopInterpreterAt) BytecodeCounter::reset();
 58   if (PrintBytecodeHistogram)                                BytecodeHistogram::reset();
 59   if (PrintBytecodePairHistogram)                            BytecodePairHistogram::reset();
 60 }
 61 
 62 void AbstractInterpreter::print() {
 63   tty->cr();
 64   tty->print_cr("----------------------------------------------------------------------");
 65   tty->print_cr("Interpreter");
 66   tty->cr();
 67   tty->print_cr("code size        = %6dK bytes", (int)_code->used_space()/1024);
 68   tty->print_cr("total space      = %6dK bytes", (int)_code->total_space()/1024);
 69   tty->print_cr("wasted space     = %6dK bytes", (int)_code->available_space()/1024);
 70   tty->cr();
 71   tty->print_cr("# of codelets    = %6d"      , _code->number_of_stubs());
 72   if (_code->number_of_stubs() != 0) {
 73     tty->print_cr("avg codelet size = %6d bytes", _code->used_space() / _code->number_of_stubs());
 74     tty->cr();
 75   }
 76   _should_print_instructions = PrintInterpreter;
 77   _code->print();
 78   _should_print_instructions = false;
 79   tty->print_cr("----------------------------------------------------------------------");
 80   tty->cr();
 81 }
 82 
 83 
 84 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 85 // Implementation of interpreter
 86 
 87 StubQueue* AbstractInterpreter::_code                                       = nullptr;
 88 bool       AbstractInterpreter::_notice_safepoints                          = false;
 89 address    AbstractInterpreter::_rethrow_exception_entry                    = nullptr;
 90 
 91 address    AbstractInterpreter::_slow_signature_handler;
 92 address    AbstractInterpreter::_entry_table            [AbstractInterpreter::number_of_method_entries];
 93 address    AbstractInterpreter::_native_abi_to_tosca    [AbstractInterpreter::number_of_result_handlers];
 94 
 95 bool       AbstractInterpreter::_should_print_instructions = false;
 96 
 97 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 98 // Generation of complete interpreter
 99 
100 AbstractInterpreterGenerator::AbstractInterpreterGenerator() {
101   _masm                      = nullptr;
102 }
103 
104 
105 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
106 // Entry points
107 
108 AbstractInterpreter::MethodKind AbstractInterpreter::method_kind(const methodHandle& m) {
109   // Abstract method?
110   if (m->is_abstract()) return abstract;
111 
112   // Method handle primitive?
113   vmIntrinsics::ID iid = m->intrinsic_id();
114   if (iid != vmIntrinsics::_none) {
115     if (m->is_method_handle_intrinsic()) {
116       assert(MethodHandles::is_signature_polymorphic(iid), "must match an intrinsic");
117       MethodKind kind = (MethodKind)(method_handle_invoke_FIRST +
118                                     vmIntrinsics::as_int(iid) -
119                                     static_cast<int>(vmIntrinsics::FIRST_MH_SIG_POLY));
120       assert(kind <= method_handle_invoke_LAST, "parallel enum ranges");
121       return kind;
122     }
123 
124     switch (iid) {
125 #ifndef ZERO
126       // Use optimized stub code for CRC32 native methods.
127       case vmIntrinsics::_updateCRC32:       return java_util_zip_CRC32_update;
128       case vmIntrinsics::_updateBytesCRC32:  return java_util_zip_CRC32_updateBytes;
129       case vmIntrinsics::_updateByteBufferCRC32: return java_util_zip_CRC32_updateByteBuffer;
130       // Use optimized stub code for CRC32C methods.
131       case vmIntrinsics::_updateBytesCRC32C: return java_util_zip_CRC32C_updateBytes;
132       case vmIntrinsics::_updateDirectByteBufferCRC32C: return java_util_zip_CRC32C_updateDirectByteBuffer;
133       case vmIntrinsics::_float16ToFloat:    return java_lang_Float_float16ToFloat;
134       case vmIntrinsics::_floatToFloat16:    return java_lang_Float_floatToFloat16;
135       case vmIntrinsics::_currentThread:     return java_lang_Thread_currentThread;
136 #endif // ZERO
137       case vmIntrinsics::_dsin:              return java_lang_math_sin;
138       case vmIntrinsics::_dcos:              return java_lang_math_cos;
139       case vmIntrinsics::_dtan:              return java_lang_math_tan;
140       case vmIntrinsics::_dsinh:             return java_lang_math_sinh;
141       case vmIntrinsics::_dtanh:             return java_lang_math_tanh;
142       case vmIntrinsics::_dcbrt:             return java_lang_math_cbrt;
143       case vmIntrinsics::_dabs:              return java_lang_math_abs;
144       case vmIntrinsics::_dlog:              return java_lang_math_log;
145       case vmIntrinsics::_dlog10:            return java_lang_math_log10;
146       case vmIntrinsics::_dpow:              return java_lang_math_pow;
147       case vmIntrinsics::_dexp:              return java_lang_math_exp;
148       case vmIntrinsics::_fmaD:              return java_lang_math_fmaD;
149       case vmIntrinsics::_fmaF:              return java_lang_math_fmaF;
150       case vmIntrinsics::_dsqrt:             return java_lang_math_sqrt;
151       case vmIntrinsics::_dsqrt_strict:      return java_lang_math_sqrt_strict;
152       case vmIntrinsics::_Reference_get0:    return java_lang_ref_reference_get0;
153       case vmIntrinsics::_Object_init:
154         if (m->code_size() == 1) {
155           // We need to execute the special return bytecode to check for
156           // finalizer registration so create a normal frame.
157           // No need to use the method kind with a memory barrier on entry
158           // because the method is empty and already has a memory barrier on return
159           return zerolocals;
160         } else if (Arguments::is_valhalla_enabled()) {
161           // For non-empty Object constructors, we need a memory barrier
162           // when entering the method to ensure correctness of strict fields
163           return object_init;
164         }
165         break;
166       default: break;
167     }
168   }
169 
170   // Native method?
171   if (m->is_native()) {
172     if (m->is_continuation_native_intrinsic()) {
173       // This entry will never be called.  The real entry gets generated later, like for MH intrinsics.
174       return abstract;
175     }
176     assert(!m->is_method_handle_intrinsic(), "overlapping bits here, watch out");
177     return m->is_synchronized() ? native_synchronized : native;
178   }
179 
180   // Synchronized?
181   if (m->is_synchronized()) {
182     return zerolocals_synchronized;
183   }
184 
185   // Empty method?
186   if (m->is_empty_method()) {
187     return empty;
188   }
189 
190   // Getter method?
191   if (m->is_getter()) {
192     return getter;
193   }
194 
195   // Setter method?
196   if (m->is_setter()) {
197     return setter;
198   }
199 
200   // Note: for now: zero locals for all non-empty methods
201   return zerolocals;
202 }
203 
204 vmIntrinsics::ID AbstractInterpreter::method_intrinsic(MethodKind kind) {
205   switch (kind) {
206   case java_lang_math_sin         : return vmIntrinsics::_dsin;
207   case java_lang_math_cos         : return vmIntrinsics::_dcos;
208   case java_lang_math_tan         : return vmIntrinsics::_dtan;
209   case java_lang_math_sinh        : return vmIntrinsics::_dsinh;
210   case java_lang_math_tanh        : return vmIntrinsics::_dtanh;
211   case java_lang_math_cbrt        : return vmIntrinsics::_dcbrt;
212   case java_lang_math_abs         : return vmIntrinsics::_dabs;
213   case java_lang_math_log         : return vmIntrinsics::_dlog;
214   case java_lang_math_log10       : return vmIntrinsics::_dlog10;
215   case java_lang_math_sqrt        : return vmIntrinsics::_dsqrt;
216   case java_lang_math_sqrt_strict : return vmIntrinsics::_dsqrt_strict;
217   case java_lang_math_pow         : return vmIntrinsics::_dpow;
218   case java_lang_math_exp         : return vmIntrinsics::_dexp;
219   case java_lang_math_fmaD        : return vmIntrinsics::_fmaD;
220   case java_lang_math_fmaF        : return vmIntrinsics::_fmaF;
221   case java_lang_ref_reference_get0: return vmIntrinsics::_Reference_get0;
222   case java_util_zip_CRC32_update : return vmIntrinsics::_updateCRC32;
223   case java_util_zip_CRC32_updateBytes
224                                   : return vmIntrinsics::_updateBytesCRC32;
225   case java_util_zip_CRC32_updateByteBuffer
226                                   : return vmIntrinsics::_updateByteBufferCRC32;
227   case java_util_zip_CRC32C_updateBytes
228                                   : return vmIntrinsics::_updateBytesCRC32C;
229   case java_util_zip_CRC32C_updateDirectByteBuffer
230                                   : return vmIntrinsics::_updateDirectByteBufferCRC32C;
231   case java_lang_Thread_currentThread
232                                   : return vmIntrinsics::_currentThread;
233   case java_lang_Float_float16ToFloat
234                                   : return vmIntrinsics::_float16ToFloat;
235   case java_lang_Float_floatToFloat16
236                                   : return vmIntrinsics::_floatToFloat16;
237 
238   default:
239     fatal("unexpected method intrinsic kind: %d", kind);
240     break;
241   }
242   return vmIntrinsics::_none;
243 }
244 
245 void AbstractInterpreter::set_entry_for_kind(MethodKind kind, address entry) {
246   assert(kind >= method_handle_invoke_FIRST &&
247          kind <= method_handle_invoke_LAST, "late initialization only for MH entry points");
248   assert(_entry_table[kind] == _entry_table[abstract], "previous value must be AME entry");
249   _entry_table[kind] = entry;
250 }
251 
252 // Return true if the interpreter can prove that the given bytecode has
253 // not yet been executed (in Java semantics, not in actual operation).
254 bool AbstractInterpreter::is_not_reached(const methodHandle& method, int bci) {
255   BytecodeStream s(method, bci);
256   Bytecodes::Code code = s.next();
257 
258   if (Bytecodes::is_invoke(code)) {
259     assert(!Bytecodes::must_rewrite(code), "invokes aren't rewritten");
260     ConstantPool* cpool = method()->constants();
261 
262     Bytecode invoke_bc(s.bytecode());
263 
264     switch (code) {
265       case Bytecodes::_invokedynamic: {
266         assert(invoke_bc.has_index_u4(code), "sanity");
267         int method_index = invoke_bc.get_index_u4(code);
268         bool is_resolved = cpool->resolved_indy_entry_at(method_index)->is_resolved();
269         return !is_resolved;
270       }
271       case Bytecodes::_invokevirtual:   // fall-through
272       case Bytecodes::_invokeinterface: // fall-through
273       case Bytecodes::_invokespecial:   // fall-through
274       case Bytecodes::_invokestatic: {
275         if (cpool->has_preresolution()) {
276           return false; // might have been reached
277         }
278         assert(!invoke_bc.has_index_u4(code), "sanity");
279         int method_index = invoke_bc.get_index_u2(code);
280         constantPoolHandle cp(Thread::current(), cpool);
281         Method* resolved_method = ConstantPool::method_at_if_loaded(cp, method_index);
282         return (resolved_method == nullptr);
283       }
284       default: ShouldNotReachHere();
285     }
286   } else if (!Bytecodes::must_rewrite(code)) {
287     // might have been reached
288     return false;
289   }
290 
291   // the bytecode might not be rewritten if the method is an accessor, etc.
292   address ientry = method->interpreter_entry();
293   if (ientry != entry_for_kind(AbstractInterpreter::zerolocals) &&
294       ientry != entry_for_kind(AbstractInterpreter::zerolocals_synchronized))
295     return false;  // interpreter does not run this method!
296 
297   // otherwise, we can be sure this bytecode has never been executed
298   return true;
299 }
300 
301 
302 #ifndef PRODUCT
303 void AbstractInterpreter::print_method_kind(MethodKind kind) {
304   switch (kind) {
305     case zerolocals             : tty->print("zerolocals"             ); break;
306     case zerolocals_synchronized: tty->print("zerolocals_synchronized"); break;
307     case native                 : tty->print("native"                 ); break;
308     case native_synchronized    : tty->print("native_synchronized"    ); break;
309     case empty                  : tty->print("empty"                  ); break;
310     case getter                 : tty->print("getter"                 ); break;
311     case setter                 : tty->print("setter"                 ); break;
312     case abstract               : tty->print("abstract"               ); break;
313     case object_init            : tty->print("object_init"            ); break;
314     case java_lang_math_sin     : tty->print("java_lang_math_sin"     ); break;
315     case java_lang_math_cos     : tty->print("java_lang_math_cos"     ); break;
316     case java_lang_math_tan     : tty->print("java_lang_math_tan"     ); break;
317     case java_lang_math_sinh    : tty->print("java_lang_math_sinh"    ); break;
318     case java_lang_math_tanh    : tty->print("java_lang_math_tanh"    ); break;
319     case java_lang_math_cbrt    : tty->print("java_lang_math_cbrt"    ); break;
320     case java_lang_math_abs     : tty->print("java_lang_math_abs"     ); break;
321     case java_lang_math_log     : tty->print("java_lang_math_log"     ); break;
322     case java_lang_math_log10   : tty->print("java_lang_math_log10"   ); break;
323     case java_lang_math_pow     : tty->print("java_lang_math_pow"     ); break;
324     case java_lang_math_exp     : tty->print("java_lang_math_exp"     ); break;
325     case java_lang_math_fmaD    : tty->print("java_lang_math_fmaD"    ); break;
326     case java_lang_math_fmaF    : tty->print("java_lang_math_fmaF"    ); break;
327     case java_lang_math_sqrt    : tty->print("java_lang_math_sqrt"    ); break;
328     case java_lang_math_sqrt_strict           : tty->print("java_lang_math_sqrt_strict"); break;
329     case java_util_zip_CRC32_update           : tty->print("java_util_zip_CRC32_update"); break;
330     case java_util_zip_CRC32_updateBytes      : tty->print("java_util_zip_CRC32_updateBytes"); break;
331     case java_util_zip_CRC32_updateByteBuffer : tty->print("java_util_zip_CRC32_updateByteBuffer"); break;
332     case java_util_zip_CRC32C_updateBytes     : tty->print("java_util_zip_CRC32C_updateBytes"); break;
333     case java_util_zip_CRC32C_updateDirectByteBuffer: tty->print("java_util_zip_CRC32C_updateDirectByteByffer"); break;
334     case java_lang_ref_reference_get0         : tty->print("java_lang_ref_reference_get0"); break;
335     case java_lang_Thread_currentThread       : tty->print("java_lang_Thread_currentThread"); break;
336     case java_lang_Float_float16ToFloat       : tty->print("java_lang_Float_float16ToFloat"); break;
337     case java_lang_Float_floatToFloat16       : tty->print("java_lang_Float_floatToFloat16"); break;
338     default:
339       if (kind >= method_handle_invoke_FIRST &&
340           kind <= method_handle_invoke_LAST) {
341         const char* kind_name = vmIntrinsics::name_at(method_handle_intrinsic(kind));
342         if (kind_name[0] == '_')  kind_name = &kind_name[1];  // '_invokeExact' => 'invokeExact'
343         tty->print("method_handle_%s", kind_name);
344         break;
345       }
346       ShouldNotReachHere();
347       break;
348   }
349 }
350 #endif // PRODUCT
351 
352 
353 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
354 // Deoptimization support
355 
356 /**
357  * If a deoptimization happens, this function returns the point of next bytecode to continue execution.
358  */
359 address AbstractInterpreter::deopt_continue_after_entry(Method* method, address bcp, int callee_parameters, bool is_top_frame) {
360   assert(method->contains(bcp), "just checkin'");
361 
362   // Get the original and rewritten bytecode.
363   Bytecodes::Code code = Bytecodes::java_code_at(method, bcp);
364   assert(!Interpreter::bytecode_should_reexecute(code), "should not reexecute");
365 
366   const int bci = method->bci_from(bcp);
367 
368   // compute continuation length
369   const int length = Bytecodes::length_at(method, bcp);
370 
371   // compute result type
372   BasicType type = T_ILLEGAL;
373 
374   switch (code) {
375     case Bytecodes::_invokevirtual  :
376     case Bytecodes::_invokespecial  :
377     case Bytecodes::_invokestatic   :
378     case Bytecodes::_invokeinterface: {
379       Thread *thread = Thread::current();
380       ResourceMark rm(thread);
381       methodHandle mh(thread, method);
382       type = Bytecode_invoke(mh, bci).result_type();
383       // since the cache entry might not be initialized:
384       // (NOT needed for the old calling convention)
385       if (!is_top_frame) {
386         int index = Bytes::get_native_u2(bcp+1);
387         method->constants()->cache()->resolved_method_entry_at(index)->set_num_parameters(callee_parameters);
388       }
389       break;
390     }
391 
392    case Bytecodes::_invokedynamic: {
393       Thread *thread = Thread::current();
394       ResourceMark rm(thread);
395       methodHandle mh(thread, method);
396       type = Bytecode_invoke(mh, bci).result_type();
397       // since the cache entry might not be initialized:
398       // (NOT needed for the old calling convention)
399       if (!is_top_frame) {
400         int index = Bytes::get_native_u4(bcp+1);
401         method->constants()->resolved_indy_entry_at(index)->set_num_parameters(callee_parameters);
402       }
403       break;
404     }
405 
406     case Bytecodes::_ldc   :
407     case Bytecodes::_ldc_w : // fall through
408     case Bytecodes::_ldc2_w:
409       {
410         Thread *thread = Thread::current();
411         ResourceMark rm(thread);
412         methodHandle mh(thread, method);
413         type = Bytecode_loadconstant(mh, bci).result_type();
414         break;
415       }
416 
417     default:
418       type = Bytecodes::result_type(code);
419       break;
420   }
421 
422   // return entry point for computed continuation state & bytecode length
423   return
424     is_top_frame
425     ? Interpreter::deopt_entry (as_TosState(type), length)
426     : Interpreter::return_entry(as_TosState(type), length, code);
427 }
428 
429 // If deoptimization happens, this function returns the point where the interpreter reexecutes
430 // the bytecode.
431 // Note: Bytecodes::_athrow is a special case in that it does not return
432 //       Interpreter::deopt_entry(vtos, 0) like others
433 address AbstractInterpreter::deopt_reexecute_entry(Method* method, address bcp) {
434   assert(method->contains(bcp), "just checkin'");
435   Bytecodes::Code code   = Bytecodes::java_code_at(method, bcp);
436 #if defined(COMPILER1) || INCLUDE_JVMCI
437   if(code == Bytecodes::_athrow ) {
438     return Interpreter::rethrow_exception_entry();
439   }
440 #endif /* COMPILER1 || INCLUDE_JVMCI */
441   return Interpreter::deopt_entry(vtos, 0);
442 }
443 
444 // If deoptimization happens, the interpreter should reexecute these bytecodes.
445 // This function mainly helps the compilers to set up the reexecute bit.
446 bool AbstractInterpreter::bytecode_should_reexecute(Bytecodes::Code code) {
447   switch (code) {
448     case Bytecodes::_lookupswitch:
449     case Bytecodes::_tableswitch:
450     case Bytecodes::_fast_binaryswitch:
451     case Bytecodes::_fast_linearswitch:
452     // recompute conditional expression folded into _if<cond>
453     case Bytecodes::_lcmp      :
454     case Bytecodes::_fcmpl     :
455     case Bytecodes::_fcmpg     :
456     case Bytecodes::_dcmpl     :
457     case Bytecodes::_dcmpg     :
458     case Bytecodes::_ifnull    :
459     case Bytecodes::_ifnonnull :
460     case Bytecodes::_goto      :
461     case Bytecodes::_goto_w    :
462     case Bytecodes::_ifeq      :
463     case Bytecodes::_ifne      :
464     case Bytecodes::_iflt      :
465     case Bytecodes::_ifge      :
466     case Bytecodes::_ifgt      :
467     case Bytecodes::_ifle      :
468     case Bytecodes::_if_icmpeq :
469     case Bytecodes::_if_icmpne :
470     case Bytecodes::_if_icmplt :
471     case Bytecodes::_if_icmpge :
472     case Bytecodes::_if_icmpgt :
473     case Bytecodes::_if_icmple :
474     case Bytecodes::_if_acmpeq :
475     case Bytecodes::_if_acmpne :
476     // special cases
477     case Bytecodes::_getfield  :
478     case Bytecodes::_putfield  :
479     case Bytecodes::_getstatic :
480     case Bytecodes::_putstatic :
481     case Bytecodes::_aastore   :
482 #ifdef COMPILER1
483     //special case of reexecution
484     case Bytecodes::_athrow    :
485 #endif
486       return true;
487 
488     default:
489       return false;
490   }
491 }
492 
493 void AbstractInterpreter::initialize_method_handle_entries() {
494   // method handle entry kinds are generated later in MethodHandlesAdapterGenerator::generate:
495   for (int i = method_handle_invoke_FIRST; i <= method_handle_invoke_LAST; i++) {
496     MethodKind kind = (MethodKind) i;
497     _entry_table[kind] = _entry_table[Interpreter::abstract];
498   }
499 }