1 /*
2 * Copyright (c) 1997, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
3 * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
4 *
5 * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
6 * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
7 * published by the Free Software Foundation.
8 *
9 * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
10 * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
11 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License
12 * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
13 * accompanied this code).
14 *
15 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
16 * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
17 * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
18 *
19 * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
20 * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
21 * questions.
22 *
23 */
24
25 #include "cds/aotMetaspace.hpp"
26 #include "cds/cdsConfig.hpp"
27 #include "cds/dynamicArchive.hpp"
28 #include "cds/heapShared.inline.hpp"
29 #include "classfile/classLoader.hpp"
30 #include "classfile/classLoaderDataGraph.hpp"
31 #include "classfile/classLoaderDataShared.hpp"
32 #include "classfile/javaClasses.hpp"
33 #include "classfile/stringTable.hpp"
34 #include "classfile/symbolTable.hpp"
35 #include "classfile/systemDictionary.hpp"
36 #include "classfile/vmClasses.hpp"
37 #include "classfile/vmSymbols.hpp"
38 #include "code/codeBehaviours.hpp"
39 #include "code/codeCache.hpp"
40 #include "compiler/oopMap.hpp"
41 #include "gc/shared/collectedHeap.inline.hpp"
42 #include "gc/shared/gcArguments.hpp"
43 #include "gc/shared/gcConfig.hpp"
44 #include "gc/shared/gcLogPrecious.hpp"
45 #include "gc/shared/gcTraceTime.inline.hpp"
46 #include "gc/shared/oopStorageSet.hpp"
47 #include "gc/shared/plab.hpp"
48 #include "gc/shared/stringdedup/stringDedup.hpp"
49 #include "gc/shared/tlab_globals.hpp"
50 #include "logging/log.hpp"
51 #include "logging/logStream.hpp"
52 #include "memory/memoryReserver.hpp"
53 #include "memory/metadataFactory.hpp"
54 #include "memory/metaspaceClosure.hpp"
55 #include "memory/metaspaceCounters.hpp"
56 #include "memory/metaspaceUtils.hpp"
57 #include "memory/oopFactory.hpp"
58 #include "memory/resourceArea.hpp"
59 #include "memory/universe.hpp"
60 #include "oops/compressedOops.hpp"
61 #include "oops/instanceKlass.hpp"
62 #include "oops/instanceMirrorKlass.hpp"
63 #include "oops/jmethodIDTable.hpp"
64 #include "oops/klass.inline.hpp"
65 #include "oops/objArrayOop.inline.hpp"
66 #include "oops/objLayout.hpp"
67 #include "oops/oop.inline.hpp"
68 #include "oops/oopHandle.inline.hpp"
69 #include "oops/refArrayKlass.hpp"
70 #include "oops/typeArrayKlass.hpp"
71 #include "prims/resolvedMethodTable.hpp"
72 #include "runtime/arguments.hpp"
73 #include "runtime/atomicAccess.hpp"
74 #include "runtime/cpuTimeCounters.hpp"
75 #include "runtime/flags/jvmFlagLimit.hpp"
76 #include "runtime/handles.inline.hpp"
77 #include "runtime/init.hpp"
78 #include "runtime/java.hpp"
79 #include "runtime/javaThread.hpp"
80 #include "runtime/jniHandles.hpp"
81 #include "runtime/threads.hpp"
82 #include "runtime/timerTrace.hpp"
83 #include "sanitizers/leak.hpp"
84 #include "services/cpuTimeUsage.hpp"
85 #include "services/memoryService.hpp"
86 #include "utilities/align.hpp"
87 #include "utilities/autoRestore.hpp"
88 #include "utilities/debug.hpp"
89 #include "utilities/formatBuffer.hpp"
90 #include "utilities/globalDefinitions.hpp"
91 #include "utilities/macros.hpp"
92 #include "utilities/ostream.hpp"
93 #include "utilities/preserveException.hpp"
94
95 // A helper class for caching a Method* when the user of the cache
96 // only cares about the latest version of the Method*. This cache safely
97 // interacts with the RedefineClasses API.
98 class LatestMethodCache {
99 // We save the InstanceKlass* and the idnum of Method* in order to get
100 // the current Method*.
101 InstanceKlass* _klass;
102 int _method_idnum;
103
104 public:
105 LatestMethodCache() { _klass = nullptr; _method_idnum = -1; }
106
107 void init(JavaThread* current, InstanceKlass* ik, const char* method,
108 Symbol* signature, bool is_static);
109 Method* get_method();
110 };
111
112 static LatestMethodCache _finalizer_register_cache; // Finalizer.register()
113 static LatestMethodCache _loader_addClass_cache; // ClassLoader.addClass()
114 static LatestMethodCache _throw_illegal_access_error_cache; // Unsafe.throwIllegalAccessError()
115 static LatestMethodCache _throw_no_such_method_error_cache; // Unsafe.throwNoSuchMethodError()
116 static LatestMethodCache _do_stack_walk_cache; // AbstractStackWalker.doStackWalk()
117 static LatestMethodCache _is_substitutable_cache; // ValueObjectMethods.isSubstitutable()
118 static LatestMethodCache _value_object_hash_code_cache; // ValueObjectMethods.valueObjectHashCode()
119 static LatestMethodCache _is_substitutable_alt_cache; // ValueObjectMethods.isSubstitutableAlt()
120 static LatestMethodCache _value_object_hash_code_alt_cache; // ValueObjectMethods.valueObjectHashCodeAlt()
121
122 // Known objects
123 TypeArrayKlass* Universe::_typeArrayKlasses[T_LONG+1] = { nullptr /*, nullptr...*/ };
124 ObjArrayKlass* Universe::_objectArrayKlass = nullptr;
125 Klass* Universe::_fillerArrayKlass = nullptr;
126 OopHandle Universe::_basic_type_mirrors[T_VOID+1];
127 #if INCLUDE_CDS_JAVA_HEAP
128 int Universe::_archived_basic_type_mirror_indices[T_VOID+1];
129 #endif
130
131 OopHandle Universe::_main_thread_group;
132 OopHandle Universe::_system_thread_group;
133 OopHandle Universe::_the_empty_class_array;
134 OopHandle Universe::_the_null_string;
135 OopHandle Universe::_the_min_jint_string;
136
137 OopHandle Universe::_the_null_sentinel;
138
139 // _out_of_memory_errors is an objArray
140 enum OutOfMemoryInstance { _oom_java_heap,
141 _oom_c_heap,
142 _oom_metaspace,
143 _oom_class_metaspace,
144 _oom_array_size,
145 _oom_gc_overhead_limit,
146 _oom_realloc_objects,
147 _oom_count };
148
149 OopHandle Universe::_out_of_memory_errors;
150 OopHandle Universe:: _class_init_stack_overflow_error;
151 OopHandle Universe::_delayed_stack_overflow_error_message;
152 OopHandle Universe::_preallocated_out_of_memory_error_array;
153 volatile jint Universe::_preallocated_out_of_memory_error_avail_count = 0;
154
155 // Message details for OOME objects, preallocate these objects since they could be
156 // used when throwing OOME, we should try to avoid further allocation in such case
157 OopHandle Universe::_msg_metaspace;
158 OopHandle Universe::_msg_class_metaspace;
159
160 OopHandle Universe::_reference_pending_list;
161
162 Array<Klass*>* Universe::_the_array_interfaces_array = nullptr;
163
164 long Universe::verify_flags = Universe::Verify_All;
165
166 Array<int>* Universe::_the_empty_int_array = nullptr;
167 Array<u2>* Universe::_the_empty_short_array = nullptr;
168 Array<Klass*>* Universe::_the_empty_klass_array = nullptr;
169 Array<InstanceKlass*>* Universe::_the_empty_instance_klass_array = nullptr;
170 Array<Method*>* Universe::_the_empty_method_array = nullptr;
171
172 uintx Universe::_the_array_interfaces_bitmap = 0;
173 uintx Universe::_the_empty_klass_bitmap = 0;
174
175 // These variables are guarded by FullGCALot_lock.
176 DEBUG_ONLY(OopHandle Universe::_fullgc_alot_dummy_array;)
177 DEBUG_ONLY(int Universe::_fullgc_alot_dummy_next = 0;)
178
179 // Heap
180 int Universe::_verify_count = 0;
181
182 // Oop verification (see MacroAssembler::verify_oop)
183 uintptr_t Universe::_verify_oop_mask = 0;
184 uintptr_t Universe::_verify_oop_bits = (uintptr_t) -1;
185
186 int Universe::_base_vtable_size = 0;
187 bool Universe::_bootstrapping = false;
188 bool Universe::_module_initialized = false;
189 bool Universe::_fully_initialized = false;
190
191 OopStorage* Universe::_vm_weak = nullptr;
192 OopStorage* Universe::_vm_global = nullptr;
193
194 CollectedHeap* Universe::_collectedHeap = nullptr;
195
196 // These are the exceptions that are always created and are guatanteed to exist.
197 // If possible, they can be stored as CDS archived objects to speed up AOT code.
198 class BuiltinException {
199 OopHandle _instance;
200 CDS_JAVA_HEAP_ONLY(int _archived_root_index;)
201
202 public:
203 BuiltinException() : _instance() {
204 CDS_JAVA_HEAP_ONLY(_archived_root_index = 0);
205 }
206
207 void init_if_empty(Symbol* symbol, TRAPS) {
208 if (_instance.is_empty()) {
209 Klass* k = SystemDictionary::resolve_or_fail(symbol, true, CHECK);
210 oop obj = InstanceKlass::cast(k)->allocate_instance(CHECK);
211 _instance = OopHandle(Universe::vm_global(), obj);
212 }
213 }
214
215 oop instance() {
216 return _instance.resolve();
217 }
218
219 #if INCLUDE_CDS_JAVA_HEAP
220 void store_in_cds() {
221 _archived_root_index = HeapShared::archive_exception_instance(instance());
222 }
223
224 void load_from_cds() {
225 if (_archived_root_index >= 0) {
226 oop obj = HeapShared::get_root(_archived_root_index);
227 assert(obj != nullptr, "must be");
228 _instance = OopHandle(Universe::vm_global(), obj);
229 }
230 }
231
232 void serialize(SerializeClosure *f) {
233 f->do_int(&_archived_root_index);
234 }
235 #endif
236 };
237
238 static BuiltinException _null_ptr_exception;
239 static BuiltinException _arithmetic_exception;
240 static BuiltinException _internal_error;
241 static BuiltinException _array_index_out_of_bounds_exception;
242 static BuiltinException _array_store_exception;
243 static BuiltinException _class_cast_exception;
244 static BuiltinException _preempted_exception;
245
246 objArrayOop Universe::the_empty_class_array () {
247 return (objArrayOop)_the_empty_class_array.resolve();
248 }
249
250 oop Universe::main_thread_group() { return _main_thread_group.resolve(); }
251 void Universe::set_main_thread_group(oop group) { _main_thread_group = OopHandle(vm_global(), group); }
252
253 oop Universe::system_thread_group() { return _system_thread_group.resolve(); }
254 void Universe::set_system_thread_group(oop group) { _system_thread_group = OopHandle(vm_global(), group); }
255
256 oop Universe::the_null_string() { return _the_null_string.resolve(); }
257 oop Universe::the_min_jint_string() { return _the_min_jint_string.resolve(); }
258
259 oop Universe::null_ptr_exception_instance() { return _null_ptr_exception.instance(); }
260 oop Universe::arithmetic_exception_instance() { return _arithmetic_exception.instance(); }
261 oop Universe::internal_error_instance() { return _internal_error.instance(); }
262 oop Universe::array_index_out_of_bounds_exception_instance() { return _array_index_out_of_bounds_exception.instance(); }
263 oop Universe::array_store_exception_instance() { return _array_store_exception.instance(); }
264 oop Universe::class_cast_exception_instance() { return _class_cast_exception.instance(); }
265 oop Universe::preempted_exception_instance() { return _preempted_exception.instance(); }
266
267 oop Universe::the_null_sentinel() { return _the_null_sentinel.resolve(); }
268
269 oop Universe::int_mirror() { return check_mirror(_basic_type_mirrors[T_INT].resolve()); }
270 oop Universe::float_mirror() { return check_mirror(_basic_type_mirrors[T_FLOAT].resolve()); }
271 oop Universe::double_mirror() { return check_mirror(_basic_type_mirrors[T_DOUBLE].resolve()); }
272 oop Universe::byte_mirror() { return check_mirror(_basic_type_mirrors[T_BYTE].resolve()); }
273 oop Universe::bool_mirror() { return check_mirror(_basic_type_mirrors[T_BOOLEAN].resolve()); }
274 oop Universe::char_mirror() { return check_mirror(_basic_type_mirrors[T_CHAR].resolve()); }
275 oop Universe::long_mirror() { return check_mirror(_basic_type_mirrors[T_LONG].resolve()); }
276 oop Universe::short_mirror() { return check_mirror(_basic_type_mirrors[T_SHORT].resolve()); }
277 oop Universe::void_mirror() { return check_mirror(_basic_type_mirrors[T_VOID].resolve()); }
278
279 oop Universe::java_mirror(BasicType t) {
280 assert((uint)t < T_VOID+1, "range check");
281 assert(!is_reference_type(t), "sanity");
282 return check_mirror(_basic_type_mirrors[t].resolve());
283 }
284
285 void Universe::basic_type_classes_do(KlassClosure *closure) {
286 for (int i = T_BOOLEAN; i < T_LONG+1; i++) {
287 closure->do_klass(_typeArrayKlasses[i]);
288 }
289 // We don't do the following because it will confuse JVMTI.
290 // _fillerArrayKlass is used only by GC, which doesn't need to see
291 // this klass from basic_type_classes_do().
292 //
293 // closure->do_klass(_fillerArrayKlass);
294 }
295
296 void Universe::metaspace_pointers_do(MetaspaceClosure* it) {
297 it->push(&_fillerArrayKlass);
298 for (int i = 0; i < T_LONG+1; i++) {
299 it->push(&_typeArrayKlasses[i]);
300 }
301 it->push(&_objectArrayKlass);
302
303 it->push(&_the_empty_int_array);
304 it->push(&_the_empty_short_array);
305 it->push(&_the_empty_klass_array);
306 it->push(&_the_empty_instance_klass_array);
307 it->push(&_the_empty_method_array);
308 it->push(&_the_array_interfaces_array);
309 }
310
311 #if INCLUDE_CDS_JAVA_HEAP
312 void Universe::set_archived_basic_type_mirror_index(BasicType t, int index) {
313 assert(CDSConfig::is_dumping_heap(), "sanity");
314 assert(!is_reference_type(t), "sanity");
315 _archived_basic_type_mirror_indices[t] = index;
316 }
317
318 void Universe::archive_exception_instances() {
319 _null_ptr_exception.store_in_cds();
320 _arithmetic_exception.store_in_cds();
321 _internal_error.store_in_cds();
322 _array_index_out_of_bounds_exception.store_in_cds();
323 _array_store_exception.store_in_cds();
324 _class_cast_exception.store_in_cds();
325 _preempted_exception.store_in_cds();
326 }
327
328 void Universe::load_archived_object_instances() {
329 if (HeapShared::is_archived_heap_in_use()) {
330 for (int i = T_BOOLEAN; i < T_VOID+1; i++) {
331 int index = _archived_basic_type_mirror_indices[i];
332 if (!is_reference_type((BasicType)i) && index >= 0) {
333 oop mirror_oop = HeapShared::get_root(index);
334 assert(mirror_oop != nullptr, "must be");
335 _basic_type_mirrors[i] = OopHandle(vm_global(), mirror_oop);
336 }
337 }
338
339 _null_ptr_exception.load_from_cds();
340 _arithmetic_exception.load_from_cds();
341 _internal_error.load_from_cds();
342 _array_index_out_of_bounds_exception.load_from_cds();
343 _array_store_exception.load_from_cds();
344 _class_cast_exception.load_from_cds();
345 _preempted_exception.load_from_cds();
346 }
347 }
348 #endif
349
350 void Universe::serialize(SerializeClosure* f) {
351
352 #if INCLUDE_CDS_JAVA_HEAP
353 for (int i = T_BOOLEAN; i < T_VOID+1; i++) {
354 f->do_int(&_archived_basic_type_mirror_indices[i]);
355 // if f->reading(): We can't call HeapShared::get_root() yet, as the heap
356 // contents may need to be relocated. _basic_type_mirrors[i] will be
357 // updated later in Universe::load_archived_object_instances().
358 }
359 _null_ptr_exception.serialize(f);
360 _arithmetic_exception.serialize(f);
361 _internal_error.serialize(f);
362 _array_index_out_of_bounds_exception.serialize(f);
363 _array_store_exception.serialize(f);
364 _class_cast_exception.serialize(f);
365 _preempted_exception.serialize(f);
366 #endif
367
368 f->do_ptr(&_fillerArrayKlass);
369 for (int i = 0; i < T_LONG+1; i++) {
370 f->do_ptr(&_typeArrayKlasses[i]);
371 }
372
373 f->do_ptr(&_objectArrayKlass);
374 f->do_ptr(&_the_array_interfaces_array);
375 f->do_ptr(&_the_empty_int_array);
376 f->do_ptr(&_the_empty_short_array);
377 f->do_ptr(&_the_empty_method_array);
378 f->do_ptr(&_the_empty_klass_array);
379 f->do_ptr(&_the_empty_instance_klass_array);
380 }
381
382
383 void Universe::check_alignment(uintx size, uintx alignment, const char* name) {
384 if (size < alignment || size % alignment != 0) {
385 vm_exit_during_initialization(
386 err_msg("Size of %s (%zu bytes) must be aligned to %zu bytes", name, size, alignment));
387 }
388 }
389
390 static void initialize_basic_type_klass(Klass* k, TRAPS) {
391 Klass* ok = vmClasses::Object_klass();
392 #if INCLUDE_CDS
393 if (CDSConfig::is_using_archive()) {
394 ClassLoaderData* loader_data = ClassLoaderData::the_null_class_loader_data();
395 assert(k->super() == ok, "u3");
396 if (k->is_instance_klass()) {
397 InstanceKlass::cast(k)->restore_unshareable_info(loader_data, Handle(), nullptr, CHECK);
398 } else {
399 ArrayKlass::cast(k)->restore_unshareable_info(loader_data, Handle(), CHECK);
400 }
401 } else
402 #endif
403 {
404 k->initialize_supers(ok, nullptr, CHECK);
405 }
406 k->append_to_sibling_list();
407 }
408
409 void Universe::genesis(TRAPS) {
410 ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
411 HandleMark hm(THREAD);
412
413 // Explicit null checks are needed if these offsets are not smaller than the page size
414 if (UseCompactObjectHeaders) {
415 assert(oopDesc::mark_offset_in_bytes() < static_cast<intptr_t>(os::vm_page_size()),
416 "Mark offset is expected to be less than the page size");
417 } else {
418 assert(oopDesc::klass_offset_in_bytes() < static_cast<intptr_t>(os::vm_page_size()),
419 "Klass offset is expected to be less than the page size");
420 }
421 assert(arrayOopDesc::length_offset_in_bytes() < static_cast<intptr_t>(os::vm_page_size()),
422 "Array length offset is expected to be less than the page size");
423
424 { AutoModifyRestore<bool> temporarily(_bootstrapping, true);
425
426 java_lang_Class::allocate_fixup_lists();
427
428 // determine base vtable size; without that we cannot create the array klasses
429 compute_base_vtable_size();
430
431 if (!CDSConfig::is_using_archive()) {
432 // Initialization of the fillerArrayKlass must come before regular
433 // int-TypeArrayKlass so that the int-Array mirror points to the
434 // int-TypeArrayKlass.
435 _fillerArrayKlass = TypeArrayKlass::create_klass(T_INT, "[Ljdk/internal/vm/FillerElement;", CHECK);
436 for (int i = T_BOOLEAN; i < T_LONG+1; i++) {
437 _typeArrayKlasses[i] = TypeArrayKlass::create_klass((BasicType)i, CHECK);
438 }
439
440 ClassLoaderData* null_cld = ClassLoaderData::the_null_class_loader_data();
441
442 _the_array_interfaces_array = MetadataFactory::new_array<Klass*>(null_cld, 2, nullptr, CHECK);
443 _the_empty_int_array = MetadataFactory::new_array<int>(null_cld, 0, CHECK);
444 _the_empty_short_array = MetadataFactory::new_array<u2>(null_cld, 0, CHECK);
445 _the_empty_method_array = MetadataFactory::new_array<Method*>(null_cld, 0, CHECK);
446 _the_empty_klass_array = MetadataFactory::new_array<Klass*>(null_cld, 0, CHECK);
447 _the_empty_instance_klass_array = MetadataFactory::new_array<InstanceKlass*>(null_cld, 0, CHECK);
448 }
449
450 vmSymbols::initialize();
451
452 // Initialize table for matching jmethodID, before SystemDictionary.
453 JmethodIDTable::initialize();
454
455 SystemDictionary::initialize(CHECK);
456
457 // Create string constants
458 oop s = StringTable::intern("null", CHECK);
459 _the_null_string = OopHandle(vm_global(), s);
460 s = StringTable::intern("-2147483648", CHECK);
461 _the_min_jint_string = OopHandle(vm_global(), s);
462
463 #if INCLUDE_CDS
464 if (CDSConfig::is_using_archive()) {
465 // Verify shared interfaces array.
466 assert(_the_array_interfaces_array->at(0) ==
467 vmClasses::Cloneable_klass(), "u3");
468 assert(_the_array_interfaces_array->at(1) ==
469 vmClasses::Serializable_klass(), "u3");
470 } else
471 #endif
472 {
473 // Set up shared interfaces array. (Do this before supers are set up.)
474 _the_array_interfaces_array->at_put(0, vmClasses::Cloneable_klass());
475 _the_array_interfaces_array->at_put(1, vmClasses::Serializable_klass());
476 }
477
478 _the_array_interfaces_bitmap = Klass::compute_secondary_supers_bitmap(_the_array_interfaces_array);
479 _the_empty_klass_bitmap = Klass::compute_secondary_supers_bitmap(_the_empty_klass_array);
480
481 initialize_basic_type_klass(_fillerArrayKlass, CHECK);
482
483 initialize_basic_type_klass(boolArrayKlass(), CHECK);
484 initialize_basic_type_klass(charArrayKlass(), CHECK);
485 initialize_basic_type_klass(floatArrayKlass(), CHECK);
486 initialize_basic_type_klass(doubleArrayKlass(), CHECK);
487 initialize_basic_type_klass(byteArrayKlass(), CHECK);
488 initialize_basic_type_klass(shortArrayKlass(), CHECK);
489 initialize_basic_type_klass(intArrayKlass(), CHECK);
490 initialize_basic_type_klass(longArrayKlass(), CHECK);
491
492 assert(_fillerArrayKlass != intArrayKlass(),
493 "Internal filler array klass should be different to int array Klass");
494 } // end of core bootstrapping
495
496 {
497 Handle tns = java_lang_String::create_from_str("<null_sentinel>", CHECK);
498 _the_null_sentinel = OopHandle(vm_global(), tns());
499 }
500
501 // Create a handle for reference_pending_list
502 _reference_pending_list = OopHandle(vm_global(), nullptr);
503
504 // Maybe this could be lifted up now that object array can be initialized
505 // during the bootstrapping.
506
507 // OLD
508 // Initialize _objectArrayKlass after core bootstraping to make
509 // sure the super class is set up properly for _objectArrayKlass.
510 // ---
511 // NEW
512 // Since some of the old system object arrays have been converted to
513 // ordinary object arrays, _objectArrayKlass will be loaded when
514 // SystemDictionary::initialize(CHECK); is run. See the extra check
515 // for Object_klass_is_loaded in ObjArrayKlass::allocate_objArray_klass.
516 {
517 ArrayKlass* oak = vmClasses::Object_klass()->array_klass(CHECK);
518 oak->append_to_sibling_list();
519
520 // Create a RefArrayKlass (which is the default) and initialize.
521 ObjArrayKlass* rak = ObjArrayKlass::cast(oak)->klass_with_properties(ArrayKlass::ArrayProperties::DEFAULT, THREAD);
522 _objectArrayKlass = rak;
523 }
524
525 #ifdef ASSERT
526 if (FullGCALot) {
527 // Allocate an array of dummy objects.
528 // We'd like these to be at the bottom of the old generation,
529 // so that when we free one and then collect,
530 // (almost) the whole heap moves
531 // and we find out if we actually update all the oops correctly.
532 // But we can't allocate directly in the old generation,
533 // so we allocate wherever, and hope that the first collection
534 // moves these objects to the bottom of the old generation.
535 int size = FullGCALotDummies * 2;
536
537 objArrayOop naked_array = oopFactory::new_objArray(vmClasses::Object_klass(), size, CHECK);
538 objArrayHandle dummy_array(THREAD, naked_array);
539 int i = 0;
540 while (i < size) {
541 // Allocate dummy in old generation
542 oop dummy = vmClasses::Object_klass()->allocate_instance(CHECK);
543 dummy_array->obj_at_put(i++, dummy);
544 }
545 {
546 // Only modify the global variable inside the mutex.
547 // If we had a race to here, the other dummy_array instances
548 // and their elements just get dropped on the floor, which is fine.
549 MutexLocker ml(THREAD, FullGCALot_lock, Mutex::_no_safepoint_check_flag);
550 if (_fullgc_alot_dummy_array.is_empty()) {
551 _fullgc_alot_dummy_array = OopHandle(vm_global(), dummy_array());
552 }
553 }
554 assert(i == ((objArrayOop)_fullgc_alot_dummy_array.resolve())->length(), "just checking");
555 }
556 #endif
557 }
558
559 void Universe::initialize_basic_type_mirrors(TRAPS) {
560 #if INCLUDE_CDS_JAVA_HEAP
561 if (CDSConfig::is_using_archive() &&
562 HeapShared::is_archived_heap_in_use() &&
563 _basic_type_mirrors[T_INT].resolve() != nullptr) {
564 // check that all basic type mirrors are mapped also
565 for (int i = T_BOOLEAN; i < T_VOID+1; i++) {
566 if (!is_reference_type((BasicType)i)) {
567 oop m = _basic_type_mirrors[i].resolve();
568 assert(m != nullptr, "archived mirrors should not be null");
569 }
570 }
571 } else
572 // _basic_type_mirrors[T_INT], etc, are null if not using an archived heap
573 #endif
574 {
575 for (int i = T_BOOLEAN; i < T_VOID+1; i++) {
576 BasicType bt = (BasicType)i;
577 if (!is_reference_type(bt)) {
578 oop m = java_lang_Class::create_basic_type_mirror(type2name(bt), bt, CHECK);
579 _basic_type_mirrors[i] = OopHandle(vm_global(), m);
580 }
581 CDS_JAVA_HEAP_ONLY(_archived_basic_type_mirror_indices[i] = -1);
582 }
583 }
584 if (CDSConfig::is_dumping_heap()) {
585 HeapShared::init_scratch_objects_for_basic_type_mirrors(CHECK);
586 }
587 }
588
589 void Universe::fixup_mirrors(TRAPS) {
590 if (CDSConfig::is_using_aot_linked_classes()) {
591 // All mirrors of preloaded classes are already restored. No need to fix up.
592 return;
593 }
594
595 // Bootstrap problem: all classes gets a mirror (java.lang.Class instance) assigned eagerly,
596 // but we cannot do that for classes created before java.lang.Class is loaded. Here we simply
597 // walk over permanent objects created so far (mostly classes) and fixup their mirrors. Note
598 // that the number of objects allocated at this point is very small.
599 assert(vmClasses::Class_klass_is_loaded(), "java.lang.Class should be loaded");
600 HandleMark hm(THREAD);
601
602 if (!CDSConfig::is_using_archive()) {
603 // Cache the start of the static fields
604 InstanceMirrorKlass::init_offset_of_static_fields();
605 }
606
607 GrowableArray <Klass*>* list = java_lang_Class::fixup_mirror_list();
608 int list_length = list->length();
609 for (int i = 0; i < list_length; i++) {
610 Klass* k = list->at(i);
611 assert(k->is_klass(), "List should only hold classes");
612 java_lang_Class::fixup_mirror(k, CATCH);
613 }
614 delete java_lang_Class::fixup_mirror_list();
615 java_lang_Class::set_fixup_mirror_list(nullptr);
616 }
617
618 #define assert_pll_locked(test) \
619 assert(Heap_lock->test(), "Reference pending list access requires lock")
620
621 #define assert_pll_ownership() assert_pll_locked(owned_by_self)
622
623 oop Universe::reference_pending_list() {
624 if (Thread::current()->is_VM_thread()) {
625 assert_pll_locked(is_locked);
626 } else {
627 assert_pll_ownership();
628 }
629 return _reference_pending_list.resolve();
630 }
631
632 void Universe::clear_reference_pending_list() {
633 assert_pll_ownership();
634 _reference_pending_list.replace(nullptr);
635 }
636
637 bool Universe::has_reference_pending_list() {
638 assert_pll_ownership();
639 return _reference_pending_list.peek() != nullptr;
640 }
641
642 oop Universe::swap_reference_pending_list(oop list) {
643 assert_pll_locked(is_locked);
644 return _reference_pending_list.xchg(list);
645 }
646
647 #undef assert_pll_locked
648 #undef assert_pll_ownership
649
650 static void reinitialize_vtables() {
651 // The vtables are initialized by starting at java.lang.Object and
652 // initializing through the subclass links, so that the super
653 // classes are always initialized first.
654 for (ClassHierarchyIterator iter(vmClasses::Object_klass()); !iter.done(); iter.next()) {
655 Klass* sub = iter.klass();
656 sub->vtable().initialize_vtable();
657 }
658
659 // This isn't added to the subclass list, so need to reinitialize vtables directly.
660 Universe::objectArrayKlass()->vtable().initialize_vtable();
661 }
662
663 static void reinitialize_itables() {
664
665 class ReinitTableClosure : public KlassClosure {
666 public:
667 void do_klass(Klass* k) {
668 if (k->is_instance_klass()) {
669 InstanceKlass::cast(k)->itable().initialize_itable();
670 }
671 }
672 };
673
674 MutexLocker mcld(ClassLoaderDataGraph_lock);
675 ReinitTableClosure cl;
676 ClassLoaderDataGraph::classes_do(&cl);
677 }
678
679 bool Universe::on_page_boundary(void* addr) {
680 return is_aligned(addr, os::vm_page_size());
681 }
682
683 // the array of preallocated errors with backtraces
684 objArrayOop Universe::preallocated_out_of_memory_errors() {
685 return (objArrayOop)_preallocated_out_of_memory_error_array.resolve();
686 }
687
688 objArrayOop Universe::out_of_memory_errors() { return (objArrayOop)_out_of_memory_errors.resolve(); }
689
690 oop Universe::out_of_memory_error_java_heap() {
691 return gen_out_of_memory_error(out_of_memory_errors()->obj_at(_oom_java_heap));
692 }
693
694 oop Universe::out_of_memory_error_java_heap_without_backtrace() {
695 return out_of_memory_errors()->obj_at(_oom_java_heap);
696 }
697
698 oop Universe::out_of_memory_error_c_heap() {
699 return gen_out_of_memory_error(out_of_memory_errors()->obj_at(_oom_c_heap));
700 }
701
702 oop Universe::out_of_memory_error_metaspace() {
703 return gen_out_of_memory_error(out_of_memory_errors()->obj_at(_oom_metaspace));
704 }
705
706 oop Universe::out_of_memory_error_class_metaspace() {
707 return gen_out_of_memory_error(out_of_memory_errors()->obj_at(_oom_class_metaspace));
708 }
709
710 oop Universe::out_of_memory_error_array_size() {
711 return gen_out_of_memory_error(out_of_memory_errors()->obj_at(_oom_array_size));
712 }
713
714 oop Universe::out_of_memory_error_gc_overhead_limit() {
715 return gen_out_of_memory_error(out_of_memory_errors()->obj_at(_oom_gc_overhead_limit));
716 }
717
718 oop Universe::out_of_memory_error_realloc_objects() {
719 return gen_out_of_memory_error(out_of_memory_errors()->obj_at(_oom_realloc_objects));
720 }
721
722 oop Universe::class_init_out_of_memory_error() { return out_of_memory_errors()->obj_at(_oom_java_heap); }
723 oop Universe::class_init_stack_overflow_error() { return _class_init_stack_overflow_error.resolve(); }
724 oop Universe::delayed_stack_overflow_error_message() { return _delayed_stack_overflow_error_message.resolve(); }
725
726
727 bool Universe::should_fill_in_stack_trace(Handle throwable) {
728 // never attempt to fill in the stack trace of preallocated errors that do not have
729 // backtrace. These errors are kept alive forever and may be "re-used" when all
730 // preallocated errors with backtrace have been consumed. Also need to avoid
731 // a potential loop which could happen if an out of memory occurs when attempting
732 // to allocate the backtrace.
733 objArrayOop preallocated_oom = out_of_memory_errors();
734 for (int i = 0; i < _oom_count; i++) {
735 if (throwable() == preallocated_oom->obj_at(i)) {
736 return false;
737 }
738 }
739 return true;
740 }
741
742
743 oop Universe::gen_out_of_memory_error(oop default_err) {
744 // generate an out of memory error:
745 // - if there is a preallocated error and stack traces are available
746 // (j.l.Throwable is initialized), then return the preallocated
747 // error with a filled in stack trace, and with the message
748 // provided by the default error.
749 // - otherwise, return the default error, without a stack trace.
750 int next;
751 if ((_preallocated_out_of_memory_error_avail_count > 0) &&
752 vmClasses::Throwable_klass()->is_initialized()) {
753 next = (int)AtomicAccess::add(&_preallocated_out_of_memory_error_avail_count, -1);
754 assert(next < (int)PreallocatedOutOfMemoryErrorCount, "avail count is corrupt");
755 } else {
756 next = -1;
757 }
758 if (next < 0) {
759 // all preallocated errors have been used.
760 // return default
761 return default_err;
762 } else {
763 JavaThread* current = JavaThread::current();
764 Handle default_err_h(current, default_err);
765 // get the error object at the slot and set set it to null so that the
766 // array isn't keeping it alive anymore.
767 Handle exc(current, preallocated_out_of_memory_errors()->obj_at(next));
768 assert(exc() != nullptr, "slot has been used already");
769 preallocated_out_of_memory_errors()->obj_at_put(next, nullptr);
770
771 // use the message from the default error
772 oop msg = java_lang_Throwable::message(default_err_h());
773 assert(msg != nullptr, "no message");
774 java_lang_Throwable::set_message(exc(), msg);
775
776 // populate the stack trace and return it.
777 java_lang_Throwable::fill_in_stack_trace_of_preallocated_backtrace(exc);
778 return exc();
779 }
780 }
781
782 bool Universe::is_out_of_memory_error_metaspace(oop ex_obj) {
783 return java_lang_Throwable::message(ex_obj) == _msg_metaspace.resolve();
784 }
785
786 bool Universe::is_out_of_memory_error_class_metaspace(oop ex_obj) {
787 return java_lang_Throwable::message(ex_obj) == _msg_class_metaspace.resolve();
788 }
789
790 // Setup preallocated OutOfMemoryError errors
791 void Universe::create_preallocated_out_of_memory_errors(TRAPS) {
792 InstanceKlass* ik = vmClasses::OutOfMemoryError_klass();
793 objArrayOop oa = oopFactory::new_objArray(ik, _oom_count, CHECK);
794 objArrayHandle oom_array(THREAD, oa);
795
796 for (int i = 0; i < _oom_count; i++) {
797 oop oom_obj = ik->allocate_instance(CHECK);
798 oom_array->obj_at_put(i, oom_obj);
799 }
800 _out_of_memory_errors = OopHandle(vm_global(), oom_array());
801
802 Handle msg = java_lang_String::create_from_str("Java heap space", CHECK);
803 java_lang_Throwable::set_message(oom_array->obj_at(_oom_java_heap), msg());
804
805 msg = java_lang_String::create_from_str("C heap space", CHECK);
806 java_lang_Throwable::set_message(oom_array->obj_at(_oom_c_heap), msg());
807
808 msg = java_lang_String::create_from_str("Metaspace", CHECK);
809 _msg_metaspace = OopHandle(vm_global(), msg());
810 java_lang_Throwable::set_message(oom_array->obj_at(_oom_metaspace), msg());
811
812 msg = java_lang_String::create_from_str("Compressed class space", CHECK);
813 _msg_class_metaspace = OopHandle(vm_global(), msg());
814 java_lang_Throwable::set_message(oom_array->obj_at(_oom_class_metaspace), msg());
815
816 msg = java_lang_String::create_from_str("Requested array size exceeds VM limit", CHECK);
817 java_lang_Throwable::set_message(oom_array->obj_at(_oom_array_size), msg());
818
819 msg = java_lang_String::create_from_str("GC overhead limit exceeded", CHECK);
820 java_lang_Throwable::set_message(oom_array->obj_at(_oom_gc_overhead_limit), msg());
821
822 msg = java_lang_String::create_from_str("Java heap space: failed reallocation of scalar replaced objects", CHECK);
823 java_lang_Throwable::set_message(oom_array->obj_at(_oom_realloc_objects), msg());
824
825 // Setup the array of errors that have preallocated backtrace
826 int len = (StackTraceInThrowable) ? (int)PreallocatedOutOfMemoryErrorCount : 0;
827 objArrayOop instance = oopFactory::new_objArray(ik, len, CHECK);
828 _preallocated_out_of_memory_error_array = OopHandle(vm_global(), instance);
829 objArrayHandle preallocated_oom_array(THREAD, instance);
830
831 for (int i=0; i<len; i++) {
832 oop err = ik->allocate_instance(CHECK);
833 Handle err_h(THREAD, err);
834 java_lang_Throwable::allocate_backtrace(err_h, CHECK);
835 preallocated_oom_array->obj_at_put(i, err_h());
836 }
837 _preallocated_out_of_memory_error_avail_count = (jint)len;
838 }
839
840 intptr_t Universe::_non_oop_bits = 0;
841
842 void* Universe::non_oop_word() {
843 // Neither the high bits nor the low bits of this value is allowed
844 // to look like (respectively) the high or low bits of a real oop.
845 //
846 // High and low are CPU-specific notions, but low always includes
847 // the low-order bit. Since oops are always aligned at least mod 4,
848 // setting the low-order bit will ensure that the low half of the
849 // word will never look like that of a real oop.
850 //
851 // Using the OS-supplied non-memory-address word (usually 0 or -1)
852 // will take care of the high bits, however many there are.
853
854 if (_non_oop_bits == 0) {
855 _non_oop_bits = (intptr_t)os::non_memory_address_word() | 1;
856 }
857
858 return (void*)_non_oop_bits;
859 }
860
861 bool Universe::contains_non_oop_word(void* p) {
862 return *(void**)p == non_oop_word();
863 }
864
865 static void initialize_global_behaviours() {
866 DefaultICProtectionBehaviour* protection_behavior = new DefaultICProtectionBehaviour();
867 // Ignore leak of DefaultICProtectionBehaviour. It is overriden by some GC implementations and the
868 // pointer is leaked once.
869 LSAN_IGNORE_OBJECT(protection_behavior);
870 CompiledICProtectionBehaviour::set_current(protection_behavior);
871 }
872
873 jint universe_init() {
874 assert(!Universe::_fully_initialized, "called after initialize_vtables");
875 guarantee(1 << LogHeapWordSize == sizeof(HeapWord),
876 "LogHeapWordSize is incorrect.");
877 guarantee(sizeof(oop) >= sizeof(HeapWord), "HeapWord larger than oop?");
878 guarantee(sizeof(oop) % sizeof(HeapWord) == 0,
879 "oop size is not not a multiple of HeapWord size");
880
881 TraceTime timer("Genesis", TRACETIME_LOG(Info, startuptime));
882
883 initialize_global_behaviours();
884
885 GCLogPrecious::initialize();
886
887 // Initialize CPUTimeCounters object, which must be done before creation of the heap.
888 CPUTimeCounters::initialize();
889
890 ObjLayout::initialize();
891
892 #ifdef _LP64
893 AOTMetaspace::adjust_heap_sizes_for_dumping();
894 #endif // _LP64
895
896 GCConfig::arguments()->initialize_heap_sizes();
897
898 jint status = Universe::initialize_heap();
899 if (status != JNI_OK) {
900 return status;
901 }
902
903 Universe::initialize_tlab();
904
905 Metaspace::global_initialize();
906
907 // Initialize performance counters for metaspaces
908 MetaspaceCounters::initialize_performance_counters();
909
910 // Checks 'AfterMemoryInit' constraints.
911 if (!JVMFlagLimit::check_all_constraints(JVMFlagConstraintPhase::AfterMemoryInit)) {
912 return JNI_EINVAL;
913 }
914
915 // Add main_thread to threads list to finish barrier setup with
916 // on_thread_attach. Should be before starting to build Java objects in
917 // the AOT heap loader, which invokes barriers.
918 {
919 JavaThread* main_thread = JavaThread::current();
920 MutexLocker mu(Threads_lock);
921 Threads::add(main_thread);
922 }
923
924 HeapShared::initialize_writing_mode();
925
926 // Create the string table before the AOT object archive is loaded,
927 // as it might need to access the string table.
928 StringTable::create_table();
929
930 #if INCLUDE_CDS
931 if (CDSConfig::is_using_archive()) {
932 // Read the data structures supporting the shared spaces (shared
933 // system dictionary, symbol table, etc.)
934 AOTMetaspace::initialize_shared_spaces();
935 }
936 #endif
937
938 ClassLoaderData::init_null_class_loader_data();
939
940 #if INCLUDE_CDS
941 #if INCLUDE_CDS_JAVA_HEAP
942 if (CDSConfig::is_using_full_module_graph()) {
943 ClassLoaderDataShared::restore_archived_entries_for_null_class_loader_data();
944 }
945 #endif // INCLUDE_CDS_JAVA_HEAP
946 if (CDSConfig::is_dumping_archive()) {
947 CDSConfig::prepare_for_dumping();
948 }
949 #endif
950
951 SymbolTable::create_table();
952
953 if (strlen(VerifySubSet) > 0) {
954 Universe::initialize_verify_flags();
955 }
956
957 ResolvedMethodTable::create_table();
958
959 return JNI_OK;
960 }
961
962 jint Universe::initialize_heap() {
963 assert(_collectedHeap == nullptr, "Heap already created");
964 _collectedHeap = GCConfig::arguments()->create_heap();
965
966 log_info(gc)("Using %s", _collectedHeap->name());
967 return _collectedHeap->initialize();
968 }
969
970 void Universe::initialize_tlab() {
971 ThreadLocalAllocBuffer::set_max_size(Universe::heap()->max_tlab_size());
972 PLAB::startup_initialization();
973 if (UseTLAB) {
974 ThreadLocalAllocBuffer::startup_initialization();
975 }
976 }
977
978 ReservedHeapSpace Universe::reserve_heap(size_t heap_size, size_t alignment, size_t desired_page_size) {
979
980 assert(alignment <= Arguments::conservative_max_heap_alignment(),
981 "actual alignment %zu must be within maximum heap alignment %zu",
982 alignment, Arguments::conservative_max_heap_alignment());
983 assert(is_aligned(heap_size, alignment), "precondition");
984
985 size_t total_reserved = heap_size;
986 assert(!UseCompressedOops || (total_reserved <= (OopEncodingHeapMax - os::vm_page_size())),
987 "heap size is too big for compressed oops");
988
989 size_t page_size;
990 if (desired_page_size == 0) {
991 if (UseLargePages) {
992 page_size = os::large_page_size();
993 } else {
994 page_size = os::vm_page_size();
995 }
996 } else {
997 // Parallel is the only collector that might opt out of using large pages
998 // for the heap.
999 assert(UseParallelGC , "only Parallel");
1000 // Use caller provided value.
1001 page_size = desired_page_size;
1002 }
1003 assert(is_aligned(heap_size, page_size), "inv");
1004 // Now create the space.
1005 ReservedHeapSpace rhs = HeapReserver::reserve(total_reserved, alignment, page_size, AllocateHeapAt);
1006
1007 if (!rhs.is_reserved()) {
1008 vm_exit_during_initialization(
1009 err_msg("Could not reserve enough space for %zu KB object heap",
1010 total_reserved/K));
1011 }
1012
1013 assert(total_reserved == rhs.size(), "must be exactly of required size");
1014 assert(is_aligned(rhs.base(),alignment),"must be exactly of required alignment");
1015
1016 assert(markWord::encode_pointer_as_mark(rhs.base()).decode_pointer() == rhs.base(),
1017 "area must be distinguishable from marks for mark-sweep");
1018 assert(markWord::encode_pointer_as_mark(&rhs.base()[rhs.size()]).decode_pointer() ==
1019 &rhs.base()[rhs.size()],
1020 "area must be distinguishable from marks for mark-sweep");
1021
1022 // We are good.
1023
1024 if (AllocateHeapAt != nullptr) {
1025 log_info(gc,heap)("Successfully allocated Java heap at location %s", AllocateHeapAt);
1026 }
1027
1028 if (UseCompressedOops) {
1029 CompressedOops::initialize(rhs);
1030 }
1031
1032 Universe::calculate_verify_data((HeapWord*)rhs.base(), (HeapWord*)rhs.end());
1033
1034 return rhs;
1035 }
1036
1037 OopStorage* Universe::vm_weak() {
1038 return Universe::_vm_weak;
1039 }
1040
1041 OopStorage* Universe::vm_global() {
1042 return Universe::_vm_global;
1043 }
1044
1045 void Universe::oopstorage_init() {
1046 Universe::_vm_global = OopStorageSet::create_strong("VM Global", mtInternal);
1047 Universe::_vm_weak = OopStorageSet::create_weak("VM Weak", mtInternal);
1048 }
1049
1050 void universe_oopstorage_init() {
1051 Universe::oopstorage_init();
1052 }
1053
1054 void LatestMethodCache::init(JavaThread* current, InstanceKlass* ik,
1055 const char* method, Symbol* signature, bool is_static)
1056 {
1057 TempNewSymbol name = SymbolTable::new_symbol(method);
1058 Method* m = nullptr;
1059 // The klass must be linked before looking up the method.
1060 if (!ik->link_class_or_fail(current) ||
1061 ((m = ik->find_method(name, signature)) == nullptr) ||
1062 is_static != m->is_static()) {
1063 ResourceMark rm(current);
1064 // NoSuchMethodException doesn't actually work because it tries to run the
1065 // <init> function before java_lang_Class is linked. Print error and exit.
1066 vm_exit_during_initialization(err_msg("Unable to link/verify %s.%s method",
1067 ik->name()->as_C_string(), method));
1068 }
1069
1070 _klass = ik;
1071 _method_idnum = m->method_idnum();
1072 assert(_method_idnum >= 0, "sanity check");
1073 }
1074
1075 Method* LatestMethodCache::get_method() {
1076 if (_klass == nullptr) {
1077 return nullptr;
1078 } else {
1079 Method* m = _klass->method_with_idnum(_method_idnum);
1080 assert(m != nullptr, "sanity check");
1081 return m;
1082 }
1083 }
1084
1085 Method* Universe::finalizer_register_method() { return _finalizer_register_cache.get_method(); }
1086 Method* Universe::loader_addClass_method() { return _loader_addClass_cache.get_method(); }
1087 Method* Universe::throw_illegal_access_error() { return _throw_illegal_access_error_cache.get_method(); }
1088 Method* Universe::throw_no_such_method_error() { return _throw_no_such_method_error_cache.get_method(); }
1089 Method* Universe::do_stack_walk_method() { return _do_stack_walk_cache.get_method(); }
1090 Method* Universe::is_substitutable_method() { return _is_substitutable_cache.get_method(); }
1091 Method* Universe::value_object_hash_code_method() { return _value_object_hash_code_cache.get_method(); }
1092 Method* Universe::is_substitutableAlt_method() { return _is_substitutable_alt_cache.get_method(); }
1093 Method* Universe::value_object_hash_codeAlt_method() { return _value_object_hash_code_alt_cache.get_method(); }
1094
1095 void Universe::initialize_known_methods(JavaThread* current) {
1096 // Set up static method for registering finalizers
1097 _finalizer_register_cache.init(current,
1098 vmClasses::Finalizer_klass(),
1099 "register",
1100 vmSymbols::object_void_signature(), true);
1101
1102 _throw_illegal_access_error_cache.init(current,
1103 vmClasses::internal_Unsafe_klass(),
1104 "throwIllegalAccessError",
1105 vmSymbols::void_method_signature(), true);
1106
1107 _throw_no_such_method_error_cache.init(current,
1108 vmClasses::internal_Unsafe_klass(),
1109 "throwNoSuchMethodError",
1110 vmSymbols::void_method_signature(), true);
1111
1112 // Set up method for registering loaded classes in class loader vector
1113 _loader_addClass_cache.init(current,
1114 vmClasses::ClassLoader_klass(),
1115 "addClass",
1116 vmSymbols::class_void_signature(), false);
1117
1118 // Set up method for stack walking
1119 _do_stack_walk_cache.init(current,
1120 vmClasses::AbstractStackWalker_klass(),
1121 "doStackWalk",
1122 vmSymbols::doStackWalk_signature(), false);
1123
1124 // Set up substitutability testing
1125 ResourceMark rm(current);
1126 _is_substitutable_cache.init(current,
1127 vmClasses::ValueObjectMethods_klass(),
1128 vmSymbols::isSubstitutable_name()->as_C_string(),
1129 vmSymbols::object_object_boolean_signature(), true);
1130 _value_object_hash_code_cache.init(current,
1131 vmClasses::ValueObjectMethods_klass(),
1132 vmSymbols::valueObjectHashCode_name()->as_C_string(),
1133 vmSymbols::object_int_signature(), true);
1134 _is_substitutable_alt_cache.init(current,
1135 vmClasses::ValueObjectMethods_klass(),
1136 vmSymbols::isSubstitutableAlt_name()->as_C_string(),
1137 vmSymbols::object_object_boolean_signature(), true);
1138 _value_object_hash_code_alt_cache.init(current,
1139 vmClasses::ValueObjectMethods_klass(),
1140 vmSymbols::valueObjectHashCodeAlt_name()->as_C_string(),
1141 vmSymbols::object_int_signature(), true);
1142 }
1143
1144 void universe2_init() {
1145 EXCEPTION_MARK;
1146 Universe::genesis(CATCH);
1147 }
1148
1149 // Set after initialization of the module runtime, call_initModuleRuntime
1150 void universe_post_module_init() {
1151 Universe::_module_initialized = true;
1152 }
1153
1154 bool universe_post_init() {
1155 assert(!is_init_completed(), "Error: initialization not yet completed!");
1156 Universe::_fully_initialized = true;
1157 EXCEPTION_MARK;
1158 if (!CDSConfig::is_using_archive()) {
1159 reinitialize_vtables();
1160 reinitialize_itables();
1161 }
1162
1163 HandleMark hm(THREAD);
1164 // Setup preallocated empty java.lang.Class array for Method reflection.
1165
1166 objArrayOop the_empty_class_array = oopFactory::new_objArray(vmClasses::Class_klass(), 0, CHECK_false);
1167 Universe::_the_empty_class_array = OopHandle(Universe::vm_global(), the_empty_class_array);
1168
1169 // Setup preallocated OutOfMemoryError errors
1170 Universe::create_preallocated_out_of_memory_errors(CHECK_false);
1171
1172 oop instance;
1173 // Setup preallocated cause message for delayed StackOverflowError
1174 if (StackReservedPages > 0) {
1175 instance = java_lang_String::create_oop_from_str("Delayed StackOverflowError due to ReservedStackAccess annotated method", CHECK_false);
1176 Universe::_delayed_stack_overflow_error_message = OopHandle(Universe::vm_global(), instance);
1177 }
1178
1179 // Setup preallocated exceptions used for a cheap & dirty solution in compiler exception handling
1180 _null_ptr_exception.init_if_empty(vmSymbols::java_lang_NullPointerException(), CHECK_false);
1181 _arithmetic_exception.init_if_empty(vmSymbols::java_lang_ArithmeticException(), CHECK_false);
1182 _array_index_out_of_bounds_exception.init_if_empty(vmSymbols::java_lang_ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException(), CHECK_false);
1183 _array_store_exception.init_if_empty(vmSymbols::java_lang_ArrayStoreException(), CHECK_false);
1184 _class_cast_exception.init_if_empty(vmSymbols::java_lang_ClassCastException(), CHECK_false);
1185 _preempted_exception.init_if_empty(vmSymbols::jdk_internal_vm_PreemptedException(), CHECK_false);
1186
1187 // Virtual Machine Error for when we get into a situation we can't resolve
1188 Klass* k = vmClasses::InternalError_klass();
1189 bool linked = InstanceKlass::cast(k)->link_class_or_fail(CHECK_false);
1190 if (!linked) {
1191 tty->print_cr("Unable to link/verify InternalError class");
1192 return false; // initialization failed
1193 }
1194 _internal_error.init_if_empty(vmSymbols::java_lang_InternalError(), CHECK_false);
1195
1196 Handle msg = java_lang_String::create_from_str("/ by zero", CHECK_false);
1197 java_lang_Throwable::set_message(Universe::arithmetic_exception_instance(), msg());
1198
1199 // Setup preallocated StackOverflowError for use with class initialization failure
1200 k = SystemDictionary::resolve_or_fail(vmSymbols::java_lang_StackOverflowError(), true, CHECK_false);
1201 instance = InstanceKlass::cast(k)->allocate_instance(CHECK_false);
1202 Universe::_class_init_stack_overflow_error = OopHandle(Universe::vm_global(), instance);
1203
1204 Universe::initialize_known_methods(THREAD);
1205
1206 // This needs to be done before the first scavenge/gc, since
1207 // it's an input to soft ref clearing policy.
1208 {
1209 MutexLocker x(THREAD, Heap_lock);
1210 Universe::heap()->update_capacity_and_used_at_gc();
1211 }
1212
1213 // ("weak") refs processing infrastructure initialization
1214 Universe::heap()->post_initialize();
1215
1216 MemoryService::add_metaspace_memory_pools();
1217
1218 MemoryService::set_universe_heap(Universe::heap());
1219
1220 #if INCLUDE_CDS
1221 AOTMetaspace::post_initialize(CHECK_false);
1222 #endif
1223 return true;
1224 }
1225
1226
1227 void Universe::compute_base_vtable_size() {
1228 _base_vtable_size = ClassLoader::compute_Object_vtable();
1229 }
1230
1231 void Universe::print_on(outputStream* st) {
1232 GCMutexLocker hl(Heap_lock); // Heap_lock might be locked by caller thread.
1233 st->print_cr("Heap");
1234
1235 StreamIndentor si(st, 1);
1236 heap()->print_heap_on(st);
1237 MetaspaceUtils::print_on(st);
1238 }
1239
1240 void Universe::print_heap_at_SIGBREAK() {
1241 if (PrintHeapAtSIGBREAK) {
1242 print_on(tty);
1243 tty->cr();
1244 tty->flush();
1245 }
1246 }
1247
1248 void Universe::initialize_verify_flags() {
1249 verify_flags = 0;
1250 const char delimiter[] = " ,";
1251
1252 size_t length = strlen(VerifySubSet);
1253 char* subset_list = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, length + 1, mtInternal);
1254 strncpy(subset_list, VerifySubSet, length + 1);
1255 char* save_ptr;
1256
1257 char* token = strtok_r(subset_list, delimiter, &save_ptr);
1258 while (token != nullptr) {
1259 if (strcmp(token, "threads") == 0) {
1260 verify_flags |= Verify_Threads;
1261 } else if (strcmp(token, "heap") == 0) {
1262 verify_flags |= Verify_Heap;
1263 } else if (strcmp(token, "symbol_table") == 0) {
1264 verify_flags |= Verify_SymbolTable;
1265 } else if (strcmp(token, "string_table") == 0) {
1266 verify_flags |= Verify_StringTable;
1267 } else if (strcmp(token, "codecache") == 0) {
1268 verify_flags |= Verify_CodeCache;
1269 } else if (strcmp(token, "dictionary") == 0) {
1270 verify_flags |= Verify_SystemDictionary;
1271 } else if (strcmp(token, "classloader_data_graph") == 0) {
1272 verify_flags |= Verify_ClassLoaderDataGraph;
1273 } else if (strcmp(token, "metaspace") == 0) {
1274 verify_flags |= Verify_MetaspaceUtils;
1275 } else if (strcmp(token, "jni_handles") == 0) {
1276 verify_flags |= Verify_JNIHandles;
1277 } else if (strcmp(token, "codecache_oops") == 0) {
1278 verify_flags |= Verify_CodeCacheOops;
1279 } else if (strcmp(token, "resolved_method_table") == 0) {
1280 verify_flags |= Verify_ResolvedMethodTable;
1281 } else if (strcmp(token, "stringdedup") == 0) {
1282 verify_flags |= Verify_StringDedup;
1283 } else {
1284 vm_exit_during_initialization(err_msg("VerifySubSet: \'%s\' memory sub-system is unknown, please correct it", token));
1285 }
1286 token = strtok_r(nullptr, delimiter, &save_ptr);
1287 }
1288 FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, subset_list);
1289 }
1290
1291 bool Universe::should_verify_subset(uint subset) {
1292 if (verify_flags & subset) {
1293 return true;
1294 }
1295 return false;
1296 }
1297
1298 void Universe::verify(VerifyOption option, const char* prefix) {
1299 COMPILER2_PRESENT(
1300 assert(!DerivedPointerTable::is_active(),
1301 "DPT should not be active during verification "
1302 "(of thread stacks below)");
1303 )
1304
1305 Thread* thread = Thread::current();
1306 ResourceMark rm(thread);
1307 HandleMark hm(thread); // Handles created during verification can be zapped
1308 _verify_count++;
1309
1310 FormatBuffer<> title("Verifying %s", prefix);
1311 GCTraceTime(Info, gc, verify) tm(title.buffer());
1312 if (should_verify_subset(Verify_Threads)) {
1313 log_debug(gc, verify)("Threads");
1314 Threads::verify();
1315 }
1316 if (should_verify_subset(Verify_Heap)) {
1317 log_debug(gc, verify)("Heap");
1318 heap()->verify(option);
1319 }
1320 if (should_verify_subset(Verify_SymbolTable)) {
1321 log_debug(gc, verify)("SymbolTable");
1322 SymbolTable::verify();
1323 }
1324 if (should_verify_subset(Verify_StringTable)) {
1325 log_debug(gc, verify)("StringTable");
1326 StringTable::verify();
1327 }
1328 if (should_verify_subset(Verify_CodeCache)) {
1329 log_debug(gc, verify)("CodeCache");
1330 CodeCache::verify();
1331 }
1332 if (should_verify_subset(Verify_SystemDictionary)) {
1333 log_debug(gc, verify)("SystemDictionary");
1334 SystemDictionary::verify();
1335 }
1336 if (should_verify_subset(Verify_ClassLoaderDataGraph)) {
1337 log_debug(gc, verify)("ClassLoaderDataGraph");
1338 ClassLoaderDataGraph::verify();
1339 }
1340 if (should_verify_subset(Verify_MetaspaceUtils)) {
1341 log_debug(gc, verify)("MetaspaceUtils");
1342 DEBUG_ONLY(MetaspaceUtils::verify();)
1343 }
1344 if (should_verify_subset(Verify_JNIHandles)) {
1345 log_debug(gc, verify)("JNIHandles");
1346 JNIHandles::verify();
1347 }
1348 if (should_verify_subset(Verify_CodeCacheOops)) {
1349 log_debug(gc, verify)("CodeCache Oops");
1350 CodeCache::verify_oops();
1351 }
1352 if (should_verify_subset(Verify_ResolvedMethodTable)) {
1353 log_debug(gc, verify)("ResolvedMethodTable Oops");
1354 ResolvedMethodTable::verify();
1355 }
1356 if (should_verify_subset(Verify_StringDedup)) {
1357 log_debug(gc, verify)("String Deduplication");
1358 StringDedup::verify();
1359 }
1360 }
1361
1362 static void log_cpu_time() {
1363 LogTarget(Info, cpu) cpuLog;
1364 if (!cpuLog.is_enabled()) {
1365 return;
1366 }
1367
1368 const double process_cpu_time = os::elapsed_process_cpu_time();
1369 if (process_cpu_time == 0 || process_cpu_time == -1) {
1370 // 0 can happen e.g. for short running processes with
1371 // low CPU utilization
1372 return;
1373 }
1374
1375 const double gc_threads_cpu_time = (double) CPUTimeUsage::GC::gc_threads() / NANOSECS_PER_SEC;
1376 const double gc_vm_thread_cpu_time = (double) CPUTimeUsage::GC::vm_thread() / NANOSECS_PER_SEC;
1377 const double gc_string_dedup_cpu_time = (double) CPUTimeUsage::GC::stringdedup() / NANOSECS_PER_SEC;
1378 const double gc_cpu_time = (double) gc_threads_cpu_time + gc_vm_thread_cpu_time + gc_string_dedup_cpu_time;
1379
1380 const double elasped_time = os::elapsedTime();
1381 const bool has_error = CPUTimeUsage::Error::has_error();
1382
1383 if (gc_cpu_time < process_cpu_time) {
1384 cpuLog.print("=== CPU time Statistics =============================================================");
1385 if (has_error) {
1386 cpuLog.print("WARNING: CPU time sampling reported errors, numbers may be unreliable");
1387 }
1388 cpuLog.print(" CPUs");
1389 cpuLog.print(" s %% utilized");
1390 cpuLog.print(" Process");
1391 cpuLog.print(" Total %30.4f %6.2f %8.1f", process_cpu_time, 100.0, process_cpu_time / elasped_time);
1392 cpuLog.print(" Garbage Collection %30.4f %6.2f %8.1f", gc_cpu_time, percent_of(gc_cpu_time, process_cpu_time), gc_cpu_time / elasped_time);
1393 cpuLog.print(" GC Threads %30.4f %6.2f %8.1f", gc_threads_cpu_time, percent_of(gc_threads_cpu_time, process_cpu_time), gc_threads_cpu_time / elasped_time);
1394 cpuLog.print(" VM Thread %30.4f %6.2f %8.1f", gc_vm_thread_cpu_time, percent_of(gc_vm_thread_cpu_time, process_cpu_time), gc_vm_thread_cpu_time / elasped_time);
1395
1396 if (UseStringDeduplication) {
1397 cpuLog.print(" String Deduplication %30.4f %6.2f %8.1f", gc_string_dedup_cpu_time, percent_of(gc_string_dedup_cpu_time, process_cpu_time), gc_string_dedup_cpu_time / elasped_time);
1398 }
1399 cpuLog.print("=====================================================================================");
1400 }
1401 }
1402
1403 void Universe::before_exit() {
1404 // Tell the GC that it is time to shutdown and to block requests for new GC pauses.
1405 heap()->initiate_shutdown();
1406
1407 // Log CPU time statistics before stopping the GC threads.
1408 log_cpu_time();
1409
1410 // Stop the GC threads.
1411 heap()->stop();
1412
1413 // Print GC/heap related information.
1414 Log(gc, exit) log;
1415 if (log.is_info()) {
1416 LogStream ls_info(log.info());
1417 Universe::print_on(&ls_info);
1418 if (log.is_trace()) {
1419 LogStream ls_trace(log.trace());
1420 MutexLocker mcld(ClassLoaderDataGraph_lock);
1421 ClassLoaderDataGraph::print_on(&ls_trace);
1422 }
1423 }
1424 }
1425
1426 #ifndef PRODUCT
1427 void Universe::calculate_verify_data(HeapWord* low_boundary, HeapWord* high_boundary) {
1428 assert(low_boundary < high_boundary, "bad interval");
1429
1430 // decide which low-order bits we require to be clear:
1431 size_t alignSize = MinObjAlignmentInBytes;
1432 size_t min_object_size = CollectedHeap::min_fill_size();
1433
1434 // make an inclusive limit:
1435 uintptr_t max = (uintptr_t)high_boundary - min_object_size*wordSize;
1436 uintptr_t min = (uintptr_t)low_boundary;
1437 assert(min < max, "bad interval");
1438 uintptr_t diff = max ^ min;
1439
1440 // throw away enough low-order bits to make the diff vanish
1441 uintptr_t mask = (uintptr_t)(-1);
1442 while ((mask & diff) != 0)
1443 mask <<= 1;
1444 uintptr_t bits = (min & mask);
1445 assert(bits == (max & mask), "correct mask");
1446 // check an intermediate value between min and max, just to make sure:
1447 assert(bits == ((min + (max-min)/2) & mask), "correct mask");
1448
1449 // require address alignment, too:
1450 mask |= (alignSize - 1);
1451
1452 if (!(_verify_oop_mask == 0 && _verify_oop_bits == (uintptr_t)-1)) {
1453 assert(_verify_oop_mask == mask && _verify_oop_bits == bits, "mask stability");
1454 }
1455 _verify_oop_mask = mask;
1456 _verify_oop_bits = bits;
1457 }
1458
1459 void Universe::set_verify_data(uintptr_t mask, uintptr_t bits) {
1460 _verify_oop_mask = mask;
1461 _verify_oop_bits = bits;
1462 }
1463
1464 // Oop verification (see MacroAssembler::verify_oop)
1465
1466 uintptr_t Universe::verify_oop_mask() {
1467 return _verify_oop_mask;
1468 }
1469
1470 uintptr_t Universe::verify_oop_bits() {
1471 return _verify_oop_bits;
1472 }
1473
1474 uintptr_t Universe::verify_mark_mask() {
1475 return markWord::lock_mask_in_place;
1476 }
1477
1478 uintptr_t Universe::verify_mark_bits() {
1479 intptr_t mask = verify_mark_mask();
1480 intptr_t bits = (intptr_t)markWord::prototype().value();
1481 assert((bits & ~mask) == 0, "no stray header bits");
1482 return bits;
1483 }
1484 #endif // PRODUCT
1485
1486 #ifdef ASSERT
1487 // Release dummy object(s) at bottom of heap
1488 bool Universe::release_fullgc_alot_dummy() {
1489 MutexLocker ml(FullGCALot_lock, Mutex::_no_safepoint_check_flag);
1490 objArrayOop fullgc_alot_dummy_array = (objArrayOop)_fullgc_alot_dummy_array.resolve();
1491 if (fullgc_alot_dummy_array != nullptr) {
1492 if (_fullgc_alot_dummy_next >= fullgc_alot_dummy_array->length()) {
1493 // No more dummies to release, release entire array instead
1494 _fullgc_alot_dummy_array.release(Universe::vm_global());
1495 _fullgc_alot_dummy_array = OopHandle(); // null out OopStorage pointer.
1496 return false;
1497 }
1498
1499 // Release dummy at bottom of old generation
1500 fullgc_alot_dummy_array->obj_at_put(_fullgc_alot_dummy_next++, nullptr);
1501 }
1502 return true;
1503 }
1504
1505 bool Universe::is_stw_gc_active() {
1506 return heap()->is_stw_gc_active();
1507 }
1508
1509 bool Universe::is_in_heap(const void* p) {
1510 return heap()->is_in(p);
1511 }
1512
1513 #endif // ASSERT