1 /*
   2  * Copyright (c) 1997, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
   3  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
   4  *
   5  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
   6  * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
   7  * published by the Free Software Foundation.
   8  *
   9  * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
  10  * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
  11  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
  12  * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
  13  * accompanied this code).
  14  *
  15  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
  16  * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
  17  * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
  18  *
  19  * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
  20  * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
  21  * questions.
  22  *
  23  */
  24 
  25 #include "cds/aotMetaspace.hpp"
  26 #include "cds/cdsConfig.hpp"
  27 #include "cds/dynamicArchive.hpp"
  28 #include "cds/heapShared.inline.hpp"
  29 #include "classfile/classLoader.hpp"
  30 #include "classfile/classLoaderDataGraph.hpp"
  31 #include "classfile/classLoaderDataShared.hpp"
  32 #include "classfile/javaClasses.hpp"
  33 #include "classfile/stringTable.hpp"
  34 #include "classfile/symbolTable.hpp"
  35 #include "classfile/systemDictionary.hpp"
  36 #include "classfile/vmClasses.hpp"
  37 #include "classfile/vmSymbols.hpp"
  38 #include "code/codeBehaviours.hpp"
  39 #include "code/codeCache.hpp"
  40 #include "compiler/oopMap.hpp"
  41 #include "gc/shared/collectedHeap.inline.hpp"
  42 #include "gc/shared/gcArguments.hpp"
  43 #include "gc/shared/gcConfig.hpp"
  44 #include "gc/shared/gcLogPrecious.hpp"
  45 #include "gc/shared/gcTraceTime.inline.hpp"
  46 #include "gc/shared/oopStorageSet.hpp"
  47 #include "gc/shared/plab.hpp"
  48 #include "gc/shared/stringdedup/stringDedup.hpp"
  49 #include "gc/shared/tlab_globals.hpp"
  50 #include "logging/log.hpp"
  51 #include "logging/logStream.hpp"
  52 #include "memory/memoryReserver.hpp"
  53 #include "memory/metadataFactory.hpp"
  54 #include "memory/metaspaceClosure.hpp"
  55 #include "memory/metaspaceCounters.hpp"
  56 #include "memory/metaspaceUtils.hpp"
  57 #include "memory/oopFactory.hpp"
  58 #include "memory/resourceArea.hpp"
  59 #include "memory/universe.hpp"
  60 #include "oops/compressedOops.hpp"
  61 #include "oops/instanceKlass.hpp"
  62 #include "oops/instanceMirrorKlass.hpp"
  63 #include "oops/jmethodIDTable.hpp"
  64 #include "oops/klass.inline.hpp"
  65 #include "oops/objArrayOop.inline.hpp"
  66 #include "oops/objLayout.hpp"
  67 #include "oops/oop.inline.hpp"
  68 #include "oops/oopHandle.inline.hpp"

  69 #include "oops/typeArrayKlass.hpp"
  70 #include "prims/resolvedMethodTable.hpp"
  71 #include "runtime/arguments.hpp"
  72 #include "runtime/atomicAccess.hpp"
  73 #include "runtime/cpuTimeCounters.hpp"
  74 #include "runtime/flags/jvmFlagLimit.hpp"
  75 #include "runtime/handles.inline.hpp"
  76 #include "runtime/init.hpp"
  77 #include "runtime/java.hpp"
  78 #include "runtime/javaThread.hpp"
  79 #include "runtime/jniHandles.hpp"
  80 #include "runtime/threads.hpp"
  81 #include "runtime/timerTrace.hpp"
  82 #include "sanitizers/leak.hpp"
  83 #include "services/cpuTimeUsage.hpp"
  84 #include "services/memoryService.hpp"
  85 #include "utilities/align.hpp"
  86 #include "utilities/autoRestore.hpp"
  87 #include "utilities/debug.hpp"
  88 #include "utilities/formatBuffer.hpp"
  89 #include "utilities/globalDefinitions.hpp"
  90 #include "utilities/macros.hpp"
  91 #include "utilities/ostream.hpp"
  92 #include "utilities/preserveException.hpp"
  93 
  94 // A helper class for caching a Method* when the user of the cache
  95 // only cares about the latest version of the Method*. This cache safely
  96 // interacts with the RedefineClasses API.
  97 class LatestMethodCache {
  98   // We save the InstanceKlass* and the idnum of Method* in order to get
  99   // the current Method*.
 100   InstanceKlass*        _klass;
 101   int                   _method_idnum;
 102 
 103  public:
 104   LatestMethodCache()   { _klass = nullptr; _method_idnum = -1; }
 105 
 106   void init(JavaThread* current, InstanceKlass* ik, const char* method,
 107             Symbol* signature, bool is_static);
 108   Method* get_method();
 109 };
 110 
 111 static LatestMethodCache _finalizer_register_cache;         // Finalizer.register()
 112 static LatestMethodCache _loader_addClass_cache;            // ClassLoader.addClass()
 113 static LatestMethodCache _throw_illegal_access_error_cache; // Unsafe.throwIllegalAccessError()
 114 static LatestMethodCache _throw_no_such_method_error_cache; // Unsafe.throwNoSuchMethodError()
 115 static LatestMethodCache _do_stack_walk_cache;              // AbstractStackWalker.doStackWalk()




 116 
 117 // Known objects
 118 TypeArrayKlass* Universe::_typeArrayKlasses[T_LONG+1] = { nullptr /*, nullptr...*/ };
 119 ObjArrayKlass* Universe::_objectArrayKlass            = nullptr;
 120 Klass* Universe::_fillerArrayKlass                    = nullptr;
 121 OopHandle Universe::_basic_type_mirrors[T_VOID+1];
 122 #if INCLUDE_CDS_JAVA_HEAP
 123 int Universe::_archived_basic_type_mirror_indices[T_VOID+1];
 124 #endif
 125 
 126 OopHandle Universe::_main_thread_group;
 127 OopHandle Universe::_system_thread_group;
 128 OopHandle Universe::_the_empty_class_array;
 129 OopHandle Universe::_the_null_string;
 130 OopHandle Universe::_the_min_jint_string;
 131 
 132 OopHandle Universe::_the_null_sentinel;
 133 
 134 // _out_of_memory_errors is an objArray
 135 enum OutOfMemoryInstance { _oom_java_heap,
 136                            _oom_c_heap,
 137                            _oom_metaspace,
 138                            _oom_class_metaspace,
 139                            _oom_array_size,
 140                            _oom_gc_overhead_limit,
 141                            _oom_realloc_objects,
 142                            _oom_count };
 143 
 144 OopHandle Universe::_out_of_memory_errors;
 145 OopHandle Universe:: _class_init_stack_overflow_error;
 146 OopHandle Universe::_delayed_stack_overflow_error_message;
 147 OopHandle Universe::_preallocated_out_of_memory_error_array;
 148 volatile jint Universe::_preallocated_out_of_memory_error_avail_count = 0;
 149 
 150 // Message details for OOME objects, preallocate these objects since they could be
 151 // used when throwing OOME, we should try to avoid further allocation in such case
 152 OopHandle Universe::_msg_metaspace;
 153 OopHandle Universe::_msg_class_metaspace;
 154 
 155 OopHandle Universe::_reference_pending_list;
 156 
 157 Array<Klass*>* Universe::_the_array_interfaces_array = nullptr;
 158 
 159 long Universe::verify_flags                           = Universe::Verify_All;
 160 
 161 Array<int>* Universe::_the_empty_int_array            = nullptr;
 162 Array<u2>* Universe::_the_empty_short_array           = nullptr;
 163 Array<Klass*>* Universe::_the_empty_klass_array     = nullptr;
 164 Array<InstanceKlass*>* Universe::_the_empty_instance_klass_array  = nullptr;
 165 Array<Method*>* Universe::_the_empty_method_array   = nullptr;
 166 
 167 uintx Universe::_the_array_interfaces_bitmap = 0;
 168 uintx Universe::_the_empty_klass_bitmap      = 0;
 169 
 170 // These variables are guarded by FullGCALot_lock.
 171 DEBUG_ONLY(OopHandle Universe::_fullgc_alot_dummy_array;)
 172 DEBUG_ONLY(int Universe::_fullgc_alot_dummy_next = 0;)
 173 
 174 // Heap
 175 int             Universe::_verify_count = 0;
 176 
 177 // Oop verification (see MacroAssembler::verify_oop)
 178 uintptr_t       Universe::_verify_oop_mask = 0;
 179 uintptr_t       Universe::_verify_oop_bits = (uintptr_t) -1;
 180 
 181 int             Universe::_base_vtable_size = 0;
 182 bool            Universe::_bootstrapping = false;
 183 bool            Universe::_module_initialized = false;
 184 bool            Universe::_fully_initialized = false;
 185 
 186 OopStorage*     Universe::_vm_weak = nullptr;
 187 OopStorage*     Universe::_vm_global = nullptr;
 188 
 189 CollectedHeap*  Universe::_collectedHeap = nullptr;
 190 
 191 // These are the exceptions that are always created and are guatanteed to exist.
 192 // If possible, they can be stored as CDS archived objects to speed up AOT code.
 193 class BuiltinException {
 194   OopHandle _instance;
 195   CDS_JAVA_HEAP_ONLY(int _archived_root_index;)
 196 
 197 public:
 198   BuiltinException() : _instance() {
 199     CDS_JAVA_HEAP_ONLY(_archived_root_index = 0);
 200   }
 201 
 202   void init_if_empty(Symbol* symbol, TRAPS) {
 203     if (_instance.is_empty()) {
 204       Klass* k = SystemDictionary::resolve_or_fail(symbol, true, CHECK);
 205       oop obj = InstanceKlass::cast(k)->allocate_instance(CHECK);
 206       _instance = OopHandle(Universe::vm_global(), obj);
 207     }
 208   }
 209 
 210   oop instance() {
 211     return _instance.resolve();
 212   }
 213 
 214 #if INCLUDE_CDS_JAVA_HEAP
 215   void store_in_cds() {
 216     _archived_root_index = HeapShared::archive_exception_instance(instance());
 217   }
 218 
 219   void load_from_cds() {
 220     if (_archived_root_index >= 0) {
 221       oop obj = HeapShared::get_root(_archived_root_index);
 222       assert(obj != nullptr, "must be");
 223       _instance = OopHandle(Universe::vm_global(), obj);
 224     }
 225   }
 226 
 227   void serialize(SerializeClosure *f) {
 228     f->do_int(&_archived_root_index);
 229   }
 230 #endif
 231 };
 232 
 233 static BuiltinException _null_ptr_exception;
 234 static BuiltinException _arithmetic_exception;
 235 static BuiltinException _internal_error;
 236 static BuiltinException _array_index_out_of_bounds_exception;
 237 static BuiltinException _array_store_exception;
 238 static BuiltinException _class_cast_exception;
 239 static BuiltinException _preempted_exception;
 240 
 241 objArrayOop Universe::the_empty_class_array ()  {
 242   return (objArrayOop)_the_empty_class_array.resolve();
 243 }
 244 
 245 oop Universe::main_thread_group()                 { return _main_thread_group.resolve(); }
 246 void Universe::set_main_thread_group(oop group)   { _main_thread_group = OopHandle(vm_global(), group); }
 247 
 248 oop Universe::system_thread_group()               { return _system_thread_group.resolve(); }
 249 void Universe::set_system_thread_group(oop group) { _system_thread_group = OopHandle(vm_global(), group); }
 250 
 251 oop Universe::the_null_string()                   { return _the_null_string.resolve(); }
 252 oop Universe::the_min_jint_string()               { return _the_min_jint_string.resolve(); }
 253 
 254 oop Universe::null_ptr_exception_instance()       { return _null_ptr_exception.instance(); }
 255 oop Universe::arithmetic_exception_instance()     { return _arithmetic_exception.instance(); }
 256 oop Universe::internal_error_instance()           { return _internal_error.instance(); }
 257 oop Universe::array_index_out_of_bounds_exception_instance() { return _array_index_out_of_bounds_exception.instance(); }
 258 oop Universe::array_store_exception_instance()    { return _array_store_exception.instance(); }
 259 oop Universe::class_cast_exception_instance()     { return _class_cast_exception.instance(); }
 260 oop Universe::preempted_exception_instance()      { return _preempted_exception.instance(); }
 261 
 262 oop Universe::the_null_sentinel()                 { return _the_null_sentinel.resolve(); }
 263 
 264 oop Universe::int_mirror()                        { return check_mirror(_basic_type_mirrors[T_INT].resolve()); }
 265 oop Universe::float_mirror()                      { return check_mirror(_basic_type_mirrors[T_FLOAT].resolve()); }
 266 oop Universe::double_mirror()                     { return check_mirror(_basic_type_mirrors[T_DOUBLE].resolve()); }
 267 oop Universe::byte_mirror()                       { return check_mirror(_basic_type_mirrors[T_BYTE].resolve()); }
 268 oop Universe::bool_mirror()                       { return check_mirror(_basic_type_mirrors[T_BOOLEAN].resolve()); }
 269 oop Universe::char_mirror()                       { return check_mirror(_basic_type_mirrors[T_CHAR].resolve()); }
 270 oop Universe::long_mirror()                       { return check_mirror(_basic_type_mirrors[T_LONG].resolve()); }
 271 oop Universe::short_mirror()                      { return check_mirror(_basic_type_mirrors[T_SHORT].resolve()); }
 272 oop Universe::void_mirror()                       { return check_mirror(_basic_type_mirrors[T_VOID].resolve()); }
 273 
 274 oop Universe::java_mirror(BasicType t) {
 275   assert((uint)t < T_VOID+1, "range check");
 276   assert(!is_reference_type(t), "sanity");
 277   return check_mirror(_basic_type_mirrors[t].resolve());
 278 }
 279 
 280 void Universe::basic_type_classes_do(KlassClosure *closure) {
 281   for (int i = T_BOOLEAN; i < T_LONG+1; i++) {
 282     closure->do_klass(_typeArrayKlasses[i]);
 283   }
 284   // We don't do the following because it will confuse JVMTI.
 285   // _fillerArrayKlass is used only by GC, which doesn't need to see
 286   // this klass from basic_type_classes_do().
 287   //
 288   // closure->do_klass(_fillerArrayKlass);
 289 }
 290 
 291 void Universe::metaspace_pointers_do(MetaspaceClosure* it) {
 292   it->push(&_fillerArrayKlass);
 293   for (int i = 0; i < T_LONG+1; i++) {
 294     it->push(&_typeArrayKlasses[i]);
 295   }
 296   it->push(&_objectArrayKlass);
 297 
 298   it->push(&_the_empty_int_array);
 299   it->push(&_the_empty_short_array);
 300   it->push(&_the_empty_klass_array);
 301   it->push(&_the_empty_instance_klass_array);
 302   it->push(&_the_empty_method_array);
 303   it->push(&_the_array_interfaces_array);
 304 }
 305 
 306 #if INCLUDE_CDS_JAVA_HEAP
 307 void Universe::set_archived_basic_type_mirror_index(BasicType t, int index) {
 308   assert(CDSConfig::is_dumping_heap(), "sanity");
 309   assert(!is_reference_type(t), "sanity");
 310   _archived_basic_type_mirror_indices[t] = index;
 311 }
 312 
 313 void Universe::archive_exception_instances() {
 314   _null_ptr_exception.store_in_cds();
 315   _arithmetic_exception.store_in_cds();
 316   _internal_error.store_in_cds();
 317   _array_index_out_of_bounds_exception.store_in_cds();
 318   _array_store_exception.store_in_cds();
 319   _class_cast_exception.store_in_cds();
 320   _preempted_exception.store_in_cds();
 321 }
 322 
 323 void Universe::load_archived_object_instances() {
 324   if (HeapShared::is_archived_heap_in_use()) {
 325     for (int i = T_BOOLEAN; i < T_VOID+1; i++) {
 326       int index = _archived_basic_type_mirror_indices[i];
 327       if (!is_reference_type((BasicType)i) && index >= 0) {
 328         oop mirror_oop = HeapShared::get_root(index);
 329         assert(mirror_oop != nullptr, "must be");
 330         _basic_type_mirrors[i] = OopHandle(vm_global(), mirror_oop);
 331       }
 332     }
 333 
 334     _null_ptr_exception.load_from_cds();
 335     _arithmetic_exception.load_from_cds();
 336     _internal_error.load_from_cds();
 337     _array_index_out_of_bounds_exception.load_from_cds();
 338     _array_store_exception.load_from_cds();
 339     _class_cast_exception.load_from_cds();
 340     _preempted_exception.load_from_cds();
 341   }
 342 }
 343 #endif
 344 
 345 void Universe::serialize(SerializeClosure* f) {
 346 
 347 #if INCLUDE_CDS_JAVA_HEAP
 348   for (int i = T_BOOLEAN; i < T_VOID+1; i++) {
 349     f->do_int(&_archived_basic_type_mirror_indices[i]);
 350     // if f->reading(): We can't call HeapShared::get_root() yet, as the heap
 351     // contents may need to be relocated. _basic_type_mirrors[i] will be
 352     // updated later in Universe::load_archived_object_instances().
 353   }
 354   _null_ptr_exception.serialize(f);
 355   _arithmetic_exception.serialize(f);
 356   _internal_error.serialize(f);
 357   _array_index_out_of_bounds_exception.serialize(f);
 358   _array_store_exception.serialize(f);
 359   _class_cast_exception.serialize(f);
 360   _preempted_exception.serialize(f);
 361 #endif
 362 
 363   f->do_ptr(&_fillerArrayKlass);
 364   for (int i = 0; i < T_LONG+1; i++) {
 365     f->do_ptr(&_typeArrayKlasses[i]);
 366   }
 367 
 368   f->do_ptr(&_objectArrayKlass);
 369   f->do_ptr(&_the_array_interfaces_array);
 370   f->do_ptr(&_the_empty_int_array);
 371   f->do_ptr(&_the_empty_short_array);
 372   f->do_ptr(&_the_empty_method_array);
 373   f->do_ptr(&_the_empty_klass_array);
 374   f->do_ptr(&_the_empty_instance_klass_array);
 375 }
 376 
 377 
 378 void Universe::check_alignment(uintx size, uintx alignment, const char* name) {
 379   if (size < alignment || size % alignment != 0) {
 380     vm_exit_during_initialization(
 381       err_msg("Size of %s (%zu bytes) must be aligned to %zu bytes", name, size, alignment));
 382   }
 383 }
 384 
 385 static void initialize_basic_type_klass(Klass* k, TRAPS) {
 386   Klass* ok = vmClasses::Object_klass();
 387 #if INCLUDE_CDS
 388   if (CDSConfig::is_using_archive()) {
 389     ClassLoaderData* loader_data = ClassLoaderData::the_null_class_loader_data();
 390     assert(k->super() == ok, "u3");
 391     if (k->is_instance_klass()) {
 392       InstanceKlass::cast(k)->restore_unshareable_info(loader_data, Handle(), nullptr, CHECK);
 393     } else {
 394       ArrayKlass::cast(k)->restore_unshareable_info(loader_data, Handle(), CHECK);
 395     }
 396   } else
 397 #endif
 398   {
 399     k->initialize_supers(ok, nullptr, CHECK);
 400   }
 401   k->append_to_sibling_list();
 402 }
 403 
 404 void Universe::genesis(TRAPS) {
 405   ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
 406   HandleMark   hm(THREAD);
 407 
 408   // Explicit null checks are needed if these offsets are not smaller than the page size
 409   if (UseCompactObjectHeaders) {
 410     assert(oopDesc::mark_offset_in_bytes() < static_cast<intptr_t>(os::vm_page_size()),
 411            "Mark offset is expected to be less than the page size");
 412   } else {
 413     assert(oopDesc::klass_offset_in_bytes() < static_cast<intptr_t>(os::vm_page_size()),
 414            "Klass offset is expected to be less than the page size");
 415   }
 416   assert(arrayOopDesc::length_offset_in_bytes() < static_cast<intptr_t>(os::vm_page_size()),
 417          "Array length offset is expected to be less than the page size");
 418 
 419   { AutoModifyRestore<bool> temporarily(_bootstrapping, true);
 420 
 421     java_lang_Class::allocate_fixup_lists();
 422 
 423     // determine base vtable size; without that we cannot create the array klasses
 424     compute_base_vtable_size();
 425 
 426     if (!CDSConfig::is_using_archive()) {
 427       // Initialization of the fillerArrayKlass must come before regular
 428       // int-TypeArrayKlass so that the int-Array mirror points to the
 429       // int-TypeArrayKlass.
 430       _fillerArrayKlass = TypeArrayKlass::create_klass(T_INT, "[Ljdk/internal/vm/FillerElement;", CHECK);
 431       for (int i = T_BOOLEAN; i < T_LONG+1; i++) {
 432         _typeArrayKlasses[i] = TypeArrayKlass::create_klass((BasicType)i, CHECK);
 433       }
 434 
 435       ClassLoaderData* null_cld = ClassLoaderData::the_null_class_loader_data();
 436 
 437       _the_array_interfaces_array     = MetadataFactory::new_array<Klass*>(null_cld, 2, nullptr, CHECK);
 438       _the_empty_int_array            = MetadataFactory::new_array<int>(null_cld, 0, CHECK);
 439       _the_empty_short_array          = MetadataFactory::new_array<u2>(null_cld, 0, CHECK);
 440       _the_empty_method_array         = MetadataFactory::new_array<Method*>(null_cld, 0, CHECK);
 441       _the_empty_klass_array          = MetadataFactory::new_array<Klass*>(null_cld, 0, CHECK);
 442       _the_empty_instance_klass_array = MetadataFactory::new_array<InstanceKlass*>(null_cld, 0, CHECK);
 443     }
 444 
 445     vmSymbols::initialize();
 446 
 447     // Initialize table for matching jmethodID, before SystemDictionary.
 448     JmethodIDTable::initialize();
 449 
 450     SystemDictionary::initialize(CHECK);
 451 
 452     // Create string constants
 453     oop s = StringTable::intern("null", CHECK);
 454     _the_null_string = OopHandle(vm_global(), s);
 455     s = StringTable::intern("-2147483648", CHECK);
 456     _the_min_jint_string = OopHandle(vm_global(), s);
 457 
 458 #if INCLUDE_CDS
 459     if (CDSConfig::is_using_archive()) {
 460       // Verify shared interfaces array.
 461       assert(_the_array_interfaces_array->at(0) ==
 462              vmClasses::Cloneable_klass(), "u3");
 463       assert(_the_array_interfaces_array->at(1) ==
 464              vmClasses::Serializable_klass(), "u3");
 465     } else
 466 #endif
 467     {
 468       // Set up shared interfaces array.  (Do this before supers are set up.)
 469       _the_array_interfaces_array->at_put(0, vmClasses::Cloneable_klass());
 470       _the_array_interfaces_array->at_put(1, vmClasses::Serializable_klass());
 471     }
 472 
 473     _the_array_interfaces_bitmap = Klass::compute_secondary_supers_bitmap(_the_array_interfaces_array);
 474     _the_empty_klass_bitmap      = Klass::compute_secondary_supers_bitmap(_the_empty_klass_array);
 475 
 476     initialize_basic_type_klass(_fillerArrayKlass, CHECK);
 477 
 478     initialize_basic_type_klass(boolArrayKlass(), CHECK);
 479     initialize_basic_type_klass(charArrayKlass(), CHECK);
 480     initialize_basic_type_klass(floatArrayKlass(), CHECK);
 481     initialize_basic_type_klass(doubleArrayKlass(), CHECK);
 482     initialize_basic_type_klass(byteArrayKlass(), CHECK);
 483     initialize_basic_type_klass(shortArrayKlass(), CHECK);
 484     initialize_basic_type_klass(intArrayKlass(), CHECK);
 485     initialize_basic_type_klass(longArrayKlass(), CHECK);
 486 
 487     assert(_fillerArrayKlass != intArrayKlass(),
 488            "Internal filler array klass should be different to int array Klass");
 489   } // end of core bootstrapping
 490 
 491   {
 492     Handle tns = java_lang_String::create_from_str("<null_sentinel>", CHECK);
 493     _the_null_sentinel = OopHandle(vm_global(), tns());
 494   }
 495 
 496   // Create a handle for reference_pending_list
 497   _reference_pending_list = OopHandle(vm_global(), nullptr);
 498 
 499   // Maybe this could be lifted up now that object array can be initialized
 500   // during the bootstrapping.
 501 
 502   // OLD
 503   // Initialize _objectArrayKlass after core bootstraping to make
 504   // sure the super class is set up properly for _objectArrayKlass.
 505   // ---
 506   // NEW
 507   // Since some of the old system object arrays have been converted to
 508   // ordinary object arrays, _objectArrayKlass will be loaded when
 509   // SystemDictionary::initialize(CHECK); is run. See the extra check
 510   // for Object_klass_is_loaded in ObjArrayKlass::allocate_objArray_klass.
 511   {
 512     Klass* oak = vmClasses::Object_klass()->array_klass(CHECK);
 513     _objectArrayKlass = ObjArrayKlass::cast(oak);




 514   }
 515   // OLD
 516   // Add the class to the class hierarchy manually to make sure that
 517   // its vtable is initialized after core bootstrapping is completed.
 518   // ---
 519   // New
 520   // Have already been initialized.
 521   _objectArrayKlass->append_to_sibling_list();
 522 
 523   #ifdef ASSERT
 524   if (FullGCALot) {
 525     // Allocate an array of dummy objects.
 526     // We'd like these to be at the bottom of the old generation,
 527     // so that when we free one and then collect,
 528     // (almost) the whole heap moves
 529     // and we find out if we actually update all the oops correctly.
 530     // But we can't allocate directly in the old generation,
 531     // so we allocate wherever, and hope that the first collection
 532     // moves these objects to the bottom of the old generation.
 533     int size = FullGCALotDummies * 2;
 534 
 535     objArrayOop    naked_array = oopFactory::new_objArray(vmClasses::Object_klass(), size, CHECK);
 536     objArrayHandle dummy_array(THREAD, naked_array);
 537     int i = 0;
 538     while (i < size) {
 539         // Allocate dummy in old generation
 540       oop dummy = vmClasses::Object_klass()->allocate_instance(CHECK);
 541       dummy_array->obj_at_put(i++, dummy);
 542     }
 543     {
 544       // Only modify the global variable inside the mutex.
 545       // If we had a race to here, the other dummy_array instances
 546       // and their elements just get dropped on the floor, which is fine.
 547       MutexLocker ml(THREAD, FullGCALot_lock);
 548       if (_fullgc_alot_dummy_array.is_empty()) {
 549         _fullgc_alot_dummy_array = OopHandle(vm_global(), dummy_array());
 550       }
 551     }
 552     assert(i == ((objArrayOop)_fullgc_alot_dummy_array.resolve())->length(), "just checking");
 553   }
 554   #endif
 555 }
 556 
 557 void Universe::initialize_basic_type_mirrors(TRAPS) {
 558 #if INCLUDE_CDS_JAVA_HEAP
 559   if (CDSConfig::is_using_archive() &&
 560       HeapShared::is_archived_heap_in_use() &&
 561       _basic_type_mirrors[T_INT].resolve() != nullptr) {
 562     // check that all basic type mirrors are mapped also
 563     for (int i = T_BOOLEAN; i < T_VOID+1; i++) {
 564       if (!is_reference_type((BasicType)i)) {
 565         oop m = _basic_type_mirrors[i].resolve();
 566         assert(m != nullptr, "archived mirrors should not be null");
 567       }
 568     }
 569   } else
 570     // _basic_type_mirrors[T_INT], etc, are null if not using an archived heap
 571 #endif
 572   {
 573     for (int i = T_BOOLEAN; i < T_VOID+1; i++) {
 574       BasicType bt = (BasicType)i;
 575       if (!is_reference_type(bt)) {
 576         oop m = java_lang_Class::create_basic_type_mirror(type2name(bt), bt, CHECK);
 577         _basic_type_mirrors[i] = OopHandle(vm_global(), m);
 578       }
 579       CDS_JAVA_HEAP_ONLY(_archived_basic_type_mirror_indices[i] = -1);
 580     }
 581   }
 582   if (CDSConfig::is_dumping_heap()) {
 583     HeapShared::init_scratch_objects_for_basic_type_mirrors(CHECK);
 584   }
 585 }
 586 
 587 void Universe::fixup_mirrors(TRAPS) {
 588   if (CDSConfig::is_using_aot_linked_classes()) {
 589     // All mirrors of preloaded classes are already restored. No need to fix up.
 590     return;
 591   }
 592 
 593   // Bootstrap problem: all classes gets a mirror (java.lang.Class instance) assigned eagerly,
 594   // but we cannot do that for classes created before java.lang.Class is loaded. Here we simply
 595   // walk over permanent objects created so far (mostly classes) and fixup their mirrors. Note
 596   // that the number of objects allocated at this point is very small.
 597   assert(vmClasses::Class_klass_is_loaded(), "java.lang.Class should be loaded");
 598   HandleMark hm(THREAD);
 599 
 600   if (!CDSConfig::is_using_archive()) {
 601     // Cache the start of the static fields
 602     InstanceMirrorKlass::init_offset_of_static_fields();
 603   }
 604 
 605   GrowableArray <Klass*>* list = java_lang_Class::fixup_mirror_list();
 606   int list_length = list->length();
 607   for (int i = 0; i < list_length; i++) {
 608     Klass* k = list->at(i);
 609     assert(k->is_klass(), "List should only hold classes");
 610     java_lang_Class::fixup_mirror(k, CATCH);
 611   }
 612   delete java_lang_Class::fixup_mirror_list();
 613   java_lang_Class::set_fixup_mirror_list(nullptr);
 614 }
 615 
 616 #define assert_pll_locked(test) \
 617   assert(Heap_lock->test(), "Reference pending list access requires lock")
 618 
 619 #define assert_pll_ownership() assert_pll_locked(owned_by_self)
 620 
 621 oop Universe::reference_pending_list() {
 622   if (Thread::current()->is_VM_thread()) {
 623     assert_pll_locked(is_locked);
 624   } else {
 625     assert_pll_ownership();
 626   }
 627   return _reference_pending_list.resolve();
 628 }
 629 
 630 void Universe::clear_reference_pending_list() {
 631   assert_pll_ownership();
 632   _reference_pending_list.replace(nullptr);
 633 }
 634 
 635 bool Universe::has_reference_pending_list() {
 636   assert_pll_ownership();
 637   return _reference_pending_list.peek() != nullptr;
 638 }
 639 
 640 oop Universe::swap_reference_pending_list(oop list) {
 641   assert_pll_locked(is_locked);
 642   return _reference_pending_list.xchg(list);
 643 }
 644 
 645 #undef assert_pll_locked
 646 #undef assert_pll_ownership
 647 
 648 static void reinitialize_vtables() {
 649   // The vtables are initialized by starting at java.lang.Object and
 650   // initializing through the subclass links, so that the super
 651   // classes are always initialized first.
 652   for (ClassHierarchyIterator iter(vmClasses::Object_klass()); !iter.done(); iter.next()) {
 653     Klass* sub = iter.klass();
 654     sub->vtable().initialize_vtable();
 655   }



 656 }
 657 
 658 static void reinitialize_itables() {
 659 
 660   class ReinitTableClosure : public KlassClosure {
 661    public:
 662     void do_klass(Klass* k) {
 663       if (k->is_instance_klass()) {
 664          InstanceKlass::cast(k)->itable().initialize_itable();
 665       }
 666     }
 667   };
 668 
 669   MutexLocker mcld(ClassLoaderDataGraph_lock);
 670   ReinitTableClosure cl;
 671   ClassLoaderDataGraph::classes_do(&cl);
 672 }
 673 
 674 bool Universe::on_page_boundary(void* addr) {
 675   return is_aligned(addr, os::vm_page_size());
 676 }
 677 
 678 // the array of preallocated errors with backtraces
 679 objArrayOop Universe::preallocated_out_of_memory_errors() {
 680   return (objArrayOop)_preallocated_out_of_memory_error_array.resolve();
 681 }
 682 
 683 objArrayOop Universe::out_of_memory_errors() { return (objArrayOop)_out_of_memory_errors.resolve(); }
 684 
 685 oop Universe::out_of_memory_error_java_heap() {
 686   return gen_out_of_memory_error(out_of_memory_errors()->obj_at(_oom_java_heap));
 687 }
 688 
 689 oop Universe::out_of_memory_error_java_heap_without_backtrace() {
 690   return out_of_memory_errors()->obj_at(_oom_java_heap);
 691 }
 692 
 693 oop Universe::out_of_memory_error_c_heap() {
 694   return gen_out_of_memory_error(out_of_memory_errors()->obj_at(_oom_c_heap));
 695 }
 696 
 697 oop Universe::out_of_memory_error_metaspace() {
 698   return gen_out_of_memory_error(out_of_memory_errors()->obj_at(_oom_metaspace));
 699 }
 700 
 701 oop Universe::out_of_memory_error_class_metaspace() {
 702   return gen_out_of_memory_error(out_of_memory_errors()->obj_at(_oom_class_metaspace));
 703 }
 704 
 705 oop Universe::out_of_memory_error_array_size() {
 706   return gen_out_of_memory_error(out_of_memory_errors()->obj_at(_oom_array_size));
 707 }
 708 
 709 oop Universe::out_of_memory_error_gc_overhead_limit() {
 710   return gen_out_of_memory_error(out_of_memory_errors()->obj_at(_oom_gc_overhead_limit));
 711 }
 712 
 713 oop Universe::out_of_memory_error_realloc_objects() {
 714   return gen_out_of_memory_error(out_of_memory_errors()->obj_at(_oom_realloc_objects));
 715 }
 716 
 717 oop Universe::class_init_out_of_memory_error()         { return out_of_memory_errors()->obj_at(_oom_java_heap); }
 718 oop Universe::class_init_stack_overflow_error()        { return _class_init_stack_overflow_error.resolve(); }
 719 oop Universe::delayed_stack_overflow_error_message()   { return _delayed_stack_overflow_error_message.resolve(); }
 720 
 721 
 722 bool Universe::should_fill_in_stack_trace(Handle throwable) {
 723   // never attempt to fill in the stack trace of preallocated errors that do not have
 724   // backtrace. These errors are kept alive forever and may be "re-used" when all
 725   // preallocated errors with backtrace have been consumed. Also need to avoid
 726   // a potential loop which could happen if an out of memory occurs when attempting
 727   // to allocate the backtrace.
 728   objArrayOop preallocated_oom = out_of_memory_errors();
 729   for (int i = 0; i < _oom_count; i++) {
 730     if (throwable() == preallocated_oom->obj_at(i)) {
 731       return false;
 732     }
 733   }
 734   return true;
 735 }
 736 
 737 
 738 oop Universe::gen_out_of_memory_error(oop default_err) {
 739   // generate an out of memory error:
 740   // - if there is a preallocated error and stack traces are available
 741   //   (j.l.Throwable is initialized), then return the preallocated
 742   //   error with a filled in stack trace, and with the message
 743   //   provided by the default error.
 744   // - otherwise, return the default error, without a stack trace.
 745   int next;
 746   if ((_preallocated_out_of_memory_error_avail_count > 0) &&
 747       vmClasses::Throwable_klass()->is_initialized()) {
 748     next = (int)AtomicAccess::add(&_preallocated_out_of_memory_error_avail_count, -1);
 749     assert(next < (int)PreallocatedOutOfMemoryErrorCount, "avail count is corrupt");
 750   } else {
 751     next = -1;
 752   }
 753   if (next < 0) {
 754     // all preallocated errors have been used.
 755     // return default
 756     return default_err;
 757   } else {
 758     JavaThread* current = JavaThread::current();
 759     Handle default_err_h(current, default_err);
 760     // get the error object at the slot and set set it to null so that the
 761     // array isn't keeping it alive anymore.
 762     Handle exc(current, preallocated_out_of_memory_errors()->obj_at(next));
 763     assert(exc() != nullptr, "slot has been used already");
 764     preallocated_out_of_memory_errors()->obj_at_put(next, nullptr);
 765 
 766     // use the message from the default error
 767     oop msg = java_lang_Throwable::message(default_err_h());
 768     assert(msg != nullptr, "no message");
 769     java_lang_Throwable::set_message(exc(), msg);
 770 
 771     // populate the stack trace and return it.
 772     java_lang_Throwable::fill_in_stack_trace_of_preallocated_backtrace(exc);
 773     return exc();
 774   }
 775 }
 776 
 777 bool Universe::is_out_of_memory_error_metaspace(oop ex_obj) {
 778   return java_lang_Throwable::message(ex_obj) == _msg_metaspace.resolve();
 779 }
 780 
 781 bool Universe::is_out_of_memory_error_class_metaspace(oop ex_obj) {
 782   return java_lang_Throwable::message(ex_obj) == _msg_class_metaspace.resolve();
 783 }
 784 
 785 // Setup preallocated OutOfMemoryError errors
 786 void Universe::create_preallocated_out_of_memory_errors(TRAPS) {
 787   InstanceKlass* ik = vmClasses::OutOfMemoryError_klass();
 788   objArrayOop oa = oopFactory::new_objArray(ik, _oom_count, CHECK);
 789   objArrayHandle oom_array(THREAD, oa);
 790 
 791   for (int i = 0; i < _oom_count; i++) {
 792     oop oom_obj = ik->allocate_instance(CHECK);
 793     oom_array->obj_at_put(i, oom_obj);
 794   }
 795   _out_of_memory_errors = OopHandle(vm_global(), oom_array());
 796 
 797   Handle msg = java_lang_String::create_from_str("Java heap space", CHECK);
 798   java_lang_Throwable::set_message(oom_array->obj_at(_oom_java_heap), msg());
 799 
 800   msg = java_lang_String::create_from_str("C heap space", CHECK);
 801   java_lang_Throwable::set_message(oom_array->obj_at(_oom_c_heap), msg());
 802 
 803   msg = java_lang_String::create_from_str("Metaspace", CHECK);
 804   _msg_metaspace = OopHandle(vm_global(), msg());
 805   java_lang_Throwable::set_message(oom_array->obj_at(_oom_metaspace), msg());
 806 
 807   msg = java_lang_String::create_from_str("Compressed class space", CHECK);
 808   _msg_class_metaspace = OopHandle(vm_global(), msg());
 809   java_lang_Throwable::set_message(oom_array->obj_at(_oom_class_metaspace), msg());
 810 
 811   msg = java_lang_String::create_from_str("Requested array size exceeds VM limit", CHECK);
 812   java_lang_Throwable::set_message(oom_array->obj_at(_oom_array_size), msg());
 813 
 814   msg = java_lang_String::create_from_str("GC overhead limit exceeded", CHECK);
 815   java_lang_Throwable::set_message(oom_array->obj_at(_oom_gc_overhead_limit), msg());
 816 
 817   msg = java_lang_String::create_from_str("Java heap space: failed reallocation of scalar replaced objects", CHECK);
 818   java_lang_Throwable::set_message(oom_array->obj_at(_oom_realloc_objects), msg());
 819 
 820   // Setup the array of errors that have preallocated backtrace
 821   int len = (StackTraceInThrowable) ? (int)PreallocatedOutOfMemoryErrorCount : 0;
 822   objArrayOop instance = oopFactory::new_objArray(ik, len, CHECK);
 823   _preallocated_out_of_memory_error_array = OopHandle(vm_global(), instance);
 824   objArrayHandle preallocated_oom_array(THREAD, instance);
 825 
 826   for (int i=0; i<len; i++) {
 827     oop err = ik->allocate_instance(CHECK);
 828     Handle err_h(THREAD, err);
 829     java_lang_Throwable::allocate_backtrace(err_h, CHECK);
 830     preallocated_oom_array->obj_at_put(i, err_h());
 831   }
 832   _preallocated_out_of_memory_error_avail_count = (jint)len;
 833 }
 834 
 835 intptr_t Universe::_non_oop_bits = 0;
 836 
 837 void* Universe::non_oop_word() {
 838   // Neither the high bits nor the low bits of this value is allowed
 839   // to look like (respectively) the high or low bits of a real oop.
 840   //
 841   // High and low are CPU-specific notions, but low always includes
 842   // the low-order bit.  Since oops are always aligned at least mod 4,
 843   // setting the low-order bit will ensure that the low half of the
 844   // word will never look like that of a real oop.
 845   //
 846   // Using the OS-supplied non-memory-address word (usually 0 or -1)
 847   // will take care of the high bits, however many there are.
 848 
 849   if (_non_oop_bits == 0) {
 850     _non_oop_bits = (intptr_t)os::non_memory_address_word() | 1;
 851   }
 852 
 853   return (void*)_non_oop_bits;
 854 }
 855 
 856 bool Universe::contains_non_oop_word(void* p) {
 857   return *(void**)p == non_oop_word();
 858 }
 859 
 860 static void initialize_global_behaviours() {
 861   DefaultICProtectionBehaviour* protection_behavior = new DefaultICProtectionBehaviour();
 862   // Ignore leak of DefaultICProtectionBehaviour. It is overriden by some GC implementations and the
 863   // pointer is leaked once.
 864   LSAN_IGNORE_OBJECT(protection_behavior);
 865   CompiledICProtectionBehaviour::set_current(protection_behavior);
 866 }
 867 
 868 jint universe_init() {
 869   assert(!Universe::_fully_initialized, "called after initialize_vtables");
 870   guarantee(1 << LogHeapWordSize == sizeof(HeapWord),
 871          "LogHeapWordSize is incorrect.");
 872   guarantee(sizeof(oop) >= sizeof(HeapWord), "HeapWord larger than oop?");
 873   guarantee(sizeof(oop) % sizeof(HeapWord) == 0,
 874             "oop size is not not a multiple of HeapWord size");
 875 
 876   TraceTime timer("Genesis", TRACETIME_LOG(Info, startuptime));
 877 
 878   initialize_global_behaviours();
 879 
 880   GCLogPrecious::initialize();
 881 
 882   // Initialize CPUTimeCounters object, which must be done before creation of the heap.
 883   CPUTimeCounters::initialize();
 884 
 885   ObjLayout::initialize();
 886 
 887 #ifdef _LP64
 888   AOTMetaspace::adjust_heap_sizes_for_dumping();
 889 #endif // _LP64
 890 
 891   GCConfig::arguments()->initialize_heap_sizes();
 892 
 893   jint status = Universe::initialize_heap();
 894   if (status != JNI_OK) {
 895     return status;
 896   }
 897 
 898   Universe::initialize_tlab();
 899 
 900   Metaspace::global_initialize();
 901 
 902   // Initialize performance counters for metaspaces
 903   MetaspaceCounters::initialize_performance_counters();
 904 
 905   // Checks 'AfterMemoryInit' constraints.
 906   if (!JVMFlagLimit::check_all_constraints(JVMFlagConstraintPhase::AfterMemoryInit)) {
 907     return JNI_EINVAL;
 908   }
 909 
 910   // Add main_thread to threads list to finish barrier setup with
 911   // on_thread_attach.  Should be before starting to build Java objects in
 912   // the AOT heap loader, which invokes barriers.
 913   {
 914     JavaThread* main_thread = JavaThread::current();
 915     MutexLocker mu(Threads_lock);
 916     Threads::add(main_thread);
 917   }
 918 
 919   HeapShared::initialize_writing_mode();
 920 
 921   // Create the string table before the AOT object archive is loaded,
 922   // as it might need to access the string table.
 923   StringTable::create_table();
 924 
 925 #if INCLUDE_CDS
 926   if (CDSConfig::is_using_archive()) {
 927     // Read the data structures supporting the shared spaces (shared
 928     // system dictionary, symbol table, etc.)
 929     AOTMetaspace::initialize_shared_spaces();
 930   }
 931 #endif
 932 
 933   ClassLoaderData::init_null_class_loader_data();
 934 
 935 #if INCLUDE_CDS
 936 #if INCLUDE_CDS_JAVA_HEAP
 937   if (CDSConfig::is_using_full_module_graph()) {
 938     ClassLoaderDataShared::restore_archived_entries_for_null_class_loader_data();
 939   }
 940 #endif // INCLUDE_CDS_JAVA_HEAP
 941   if (CDSConfig::is_dumping_archive()) {
 942     CDSConfig::prepare_for_dumping();
 943   }
 944 #endif
 945 
 946   SymbolTable::create_table();
 947 
 948   if (strlen(VerifySubSet) > 0) {
 949     Universe::initialize_verify_flags();
 950   }
 951 
 952   ResolvedMethodTable::create_table();
 953 
 954   return JNI_OK;
 955 }
 956 
 957 jint Universe::initialize_heap() {
 958   assert(_collectedHeap == nullptr, "Heap already created");
 959   _collectedHeap = GCConfig::arguments()->create_heap();
 960 
 961   log_info(gc)("Using %s", _collectedHeap->name());
 962   return _collectedHeap->initialize();
 963 }
 964 
 965 void Universe::initialize_tlab() {
 966   ThreadLocalAllocBuffer::set_max_size(Universe::heap()->max_tlab_size());
 967   PLAB::startup_initialization();
 968   if (UseTLAB) {
 969     ThreadLocalAllocBuffer::startup_initialization();
 970   }
 971 }
 972 
 973 ReservedHeapSpace Universe::reserve_heap(size_t heap_size, size_t alignment, size_t desired_page_size) {
 974 
 975   assert(alignment <= Arguments::conservative_max_heap_alignment(),
 976          "actual alignment %zu must be within maximum heap alignment %zu",
 977          alignment, Arguments::conservative_max_heap_alignment());
 978   assert(is_aligned(heap_size, alignment), "precondition");
 979 
 980   size_t total_reserved = heap_size;
 981   assert(!UseCompressedOops || (total_reserved <= (OopEncodingHeapMax - os::vm_page_size())),
 982       "heap size is too big for compressed oops");
 983 
 984   size_t page_size;
 985   if (desired_page_size == 0) {
 986     if (UseLargePages) {
 987       page_size = os::large_page_size();
 988     } else {
 989       page_size = os::vm_page_size();
 990     }
 991   } else {
 992     // Parallel is the only collector that might opt out of using large pages
 993     // for the heap.
 994     assert(UseParallelGC , "only Parallel");
 995     // Use caller provided value.
 996     page_size = desired_page_size;
 997   }
 998   assert(is_aligned(heap_size, page_size), "inv");
 999   // Now create the space.
1000   ReservedHeapSpace rhs = HeapReserver::reserve(total_reserved, alignment, page_size, AllocateHeapAt);
1001 
1002   if (!rhs.is_reserved()) {
1003     vm_exit_during_initialization(
1004       err_msg("Could not reserve enough space for %zu KB object heap",
1005               total_reserved/K));
1006   }
1007 
1008   assert(total_reserved == rhs.size(),    "must be exactly of required size");
1009   assert(is_aligned(rhs.base(),alignment),"must be exactly of required alignment");
1010 
1011   assert(markWord::encode_pointer_as_mark(rhs.base()).decode_pointer() == rhs.base(),
1012       "area must be distinguishable from marks for mark-sweep");
1013   assert(markWord::encode_pointer_as_mark(&rhs.base()[rhs.size()]).decode_pointer() ==
1014       &rhs.base()[rhs.size()],
1015       "area must be distinguishable from marks for mark-sweep");
1016 
1017   // We are good.
1018 
1019   if (AllocateHeapAt != nullptr) {
1020     log_info(gc,heap)("Successfully allocated Java heap at location %s", AllocateHeapAt);
1021   }
1022 
1023   if (UseCompressedOops) {
1024     CompressedOops::initialize(rhs);
1025   }
1026 
1027   Universe::calculate_verify_data((HeapWord*)rhs.base(), (HeapWord*)rhs.end());
1028 
1029   return rhs;
1030 }
1031 
1032 OopStorage* Universe::vm_weak() {
1033   return Universe::_vm_weak;
1034 }
1035 
1036 OopStorage* Universe::vm_global() {
1037   return Universe::_vm_global;
1038 }
1039 
1040 void Universe::oopstorage_init() {
1041   Universe::_vm_global = OopStorageSet::create_strong("VM Global", mtInternal);
1042   Universe::_vm_weak = OopStorageSet::create_weak("VM Weak", mtInternal);
1043 }
1044 
1045 void universe_oopstorage_init() {
1046   Universe::oopstorage_init();
1047 }
1048 
1049 void LatestMethodCache::init(JavaThread* current, InstanceKlass* ik,
1050                              const char* method, Symbol* signature, bool is_static)
1051 {
1052   TempNewSymbol name = SymbolTable::new_symbol(method);
1053   Method* m = nullptr;
1054   // The klass must be linked before looking up the method.
1055   if (!ik->link_class_or_fail(current) ||
1056       ((m = ik->find_method(name, signature)) == nullptr) ||
1057       is_static != m->is_static()) {
1058     ResourceMark rm(current);
1059     // NoSuchMethodException doesn't actually work because it tries to run the
1060     // <init> function before java_lang_Class is linked. Print error and exit.
1061     vm_exit_during_initialization(err_msg("Unable to link/verify %s.%s method",
1062                                  ik->name()->as_C_string(), method));
1063   }
1064 
1065   _klass = ik;
1066   _method_idnum = m->method_idnum();
1067   assert(_method_idnum >= 0, "sanity check");
1068 }
1069 
1070 Method* LatestMethodCache::get_method() {
1071   if (_klass == nullptr) {
1072     return nullptr;
1073   } else {
1074     Method* m = _klass->method_with_idnum(_method_idnum);
1075     assert(m != nullptr, "sanity check");
1076     return m;
1077   }
1078 }
1079 
1080 Method* Universe::finalizer_register_method()     { return _finalizer_register_cache.get_method(); }
1081 Method* Universe::loader_addClass_method()        { return _loader_addClass_cache.get_method(); }
1082 Method* Universe::throw_illegal_access_error()    { return _throw_illegal_access_error_cache.get_method(); }
1083 Method* Universe::throw_no_such_method_error()    { return _throw_no_such_method_error_cache.get_method(); }
1084 Method* Universe::do_stack_walk_method()          { return _do_stack_walk_cache.get_method(); }




1085 
1086 void Universe::initialize_known_methods(JavaThread* current) {
1087   // Set up static method for registering finalizers
1088   _finalizer_register_cache.init(current,
1089                           vmClasses::Finalizer_klass(),
1090                           "register",
1091                           vmSymbols::object_void_signature(), true);
1092 
1093   _throw_illegal_access_error_cache.init(current,
1094                           vmClasses::internal_Unsafe_klass(),
1095                           "throwIllegalAccessError",
1096                           vmSymbols::void_method_signature(), true);
1097 
1098   _throw_no_such_method_error_cache.init(current,
1099                           vmClasses::internal_Unsafe_klass(),
1100                           "throwNoSuchMethodError",
1101                           vmSymbols::void_method_signature(), true);
1102 
1103   // Set up method for registering loaded classes in class loader vector
1104   _loader_addClass_cache.init(current,
1105                           vmClasses::ClassLoader_klass(),
1106                           "addClass",
1107                           vmSymbols::class_void_signature(), false);
1108 
1109   // Set up method for stack walking
1110   _do_stack_walk_cache.init(current,
1111                           vmClasses::AbstractStackWalker_klass(),
1112                           "doStackWalk",
1113                           vmSymbols::doStackWalk_signature(), false);



















1114 }
1115 
1116 void universe2_init() {
1117   EXCEPTION_MARK;
1118   Universe::genesis(CATCH);
1119 }
1120 
1121 // Set after initialization of the module runtime, call_initModuleRuntime
1122 void universe_post_module_init() {
1123   Universe::_module_initialized = true;
1124 }
1125 
1126 bool universe_post_init() {
1127   assert(!is_init_completed(), "Error: initialization not yet completed!");
1128   Universe::_fully_initialized = true;
1129   EXCEPTION_MARK;
1130   if (!CDSConfig::is_using_archive()) {
1131     reinitialize_vtables();
1132     reinitialize_itables();
1133   }
1134 
1135   HandleMark hm(THREAD);
1136   // Setup preallocated empty java.lang.Class array for Method reflection.
1137 
1138   objArrayOop the_empty_class_array = oopFactory::new_objArray(vmClasses::Class_klass(), 0, CHECK_false);
1139   Universe::_the_empty_class_array = OopHandle(Universe::vm_global(), the_empty_class_array);
1140 
1141   // Setup preallocated OutOfMemoryError errors
1142   Universe::create_preallocated_out_of_memory_errors(CHECK_false);
1143 
1144   oop instance;
1145   // Setup preallocated cause message for delayed StackOverflowError
1146   if (StackReservedPages > 0) {
1147     instance = java_lang_String::create_oop_from_str("Delayed StackOverflowError due to ReservedStackAccess annotated method", CHECK_false);
1148     Universe::_delayed_stack_overflow_error_message = OopHandle(Universe::vm_global(), instance);
1149   }
1150 
1151   // Setup preallocated exceptions used for a cheap & dirty solution in compiler exception handling
1152   _null_ptr_exception.init_if_empty(vmSymbols::java_lang_NullPointerException(), CHECK_false);
1153   _arithmetic_exception.init_if_empty(vmSymbols::java_lang_ArithmeticException(), CHECK_false);
1154   _array_index_out_of_bounds_exception.init_if_empty(vmSymbols::java_lang_ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException(), CHECK_false);
1155   _array_store_exception.init_if_empty(vmSymbols::java_lang_ArrayStoreException(), CHECK_false);
1156   _class_cast_exception.init_if_empty(vmSymbols::java_lang_ClassCastException(), CHECK_false);
1157   _preempted_exception.init_if_empty(vmSymbols::jdk_internal_vm_PreemptedException(), CHECK_false);
1158 
1159   // Virtual Machine Error for when we get into a situation we can't resolve
1160   Klass* k = vmClasses::InternalError_klass();
1161   bool linked = InstanceKlass::cast(k)->link_class_or_fail(CHECK_false);
1162   if (!linked) {
1163      tty->print_cr("Unable to link/verify InternalError class");
1164      return false; // initialization failed
1165   }
1166   _internal_error.init_if_empty(vmSymbols::java_lang_InternalError(), CHECK_false);
1167 
1168   Handle msg = java_lang_String::create_from_str("/ by zero", CHECK_false);
1169   java_lang_Throwable::set_message(Universe::arithmetic_exception_instance(), msg());
1170 
1171   // Setup preallocated StackOverflowError for use with class initialization failure
1172   k = SystemDictionary::resolve_or_fail(vmSymbols::java_lang_StackOverflowError(), true, CHECK_false);
1173   instance = InstanceKlass::cast(k)->allocate_instance(CHECK_false);
1174   Universe::_class_init_stack_overflow_error = OopHandle(Universe::vm_global(), instance);
1175 
1176   Universe::initialize_known_methods(THREAD);
1177 
1178   // This needs to be done before the first scavenge/gc, since
1179   // it's an input to soft ref clearing policy.
1180   {
1181     MutexLocker x(THREAD, Heap_lock);
1182     Universe::heap()->update_capacity_and_used_at_gc();
1183   }
1184 
1185   // ("weak") refs processing infrastructure initialization
1186   Universe::heap()->post_initialize();
1187 
1188   MemoryService::add_metaspace_memory_pools();
1189 
1190   MemoryService::set_universe_heap(Universe::heap());
1191 
1192 #if INCLUDE_CDS
1193   AOTMetaspace::post_initialize(CHECK_false);
1194 #endif
1195   return true;
1196 }
1197 
1198 
1199 void Universe::compute_base_vtable_size() {
1200   _base_vtable_size = ClassLoader::compute_Object_vtable();
1201 }
1202 
1203 void Universe::print_on(outputStream* st) {
1204   GCMutexLocker hl(Heap_lock); // Heap_lock might be locked by caller thread.
1205   st->print_cr("Heap");
1206 
1207   StreamIndentor si(st, 1);
1208   heap()->print_heap_on(st);
1209   MetaspaceUtils::print_on(st);
1210 }
1211 
1212 void Universe::print_heap_at_SIGBREAK() {
1213   if (PrintHeapAtSIGBREAK) {
1214     print_on(tty);
1215     tty->cr();
1216     tty->flush();
1217   }
1218 }
1219 
1220 void Universe::initialize_verify_flags() {
1221   verify_flags = 0;
1222   const char delimiter[] = " ,";
1223 
1224   size_t length = strlen(VerifySubSet);
1225   char* subset_list = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, length + 1, mtInternal);
1226   strncpy(subset_list, VerifySubSet, length + 1);
1227   char* save_ptr;
1228 
1229   char* token = strtok_r(subset_list, delimiter, &save_ptr);
1230   while (token != nullptr) {
1231     if (strcmp(token, "threads") == 0) {
1232       verify_flags |= Verify_Threads;
1233     } else if (strcmp(token, "heap") == 0) {
1234       verify_flags |= Verify_Heap;
1235     } else if (strcmp(token, "symbol_table") == 0) {
1236       verify_flags |= Verify_SymbolTable;
1237     } else if (strcmp(token, "string_table") == 0) {
1238       verify_flags |= Verify_StringTable;
1239     } else if (strcmp(token, "codecache") == 0) {
1240       verify_flags |= Verify_CodeCache;
1241     } else if (strcmp(token, "dictionary") == 0) {
1242       verify_flags |= Verify_SystemDictionary;
1243     } else if (strcmp(token, "classloader_data_graph") == 0) {
1244       verify_flags |= Verify_ClassLoaderDataGraph;
1245     } else if (strcmp(token, "metaspace") == 0) {
1246       verify_flags |= Verify_MetaspaceUtils;
1247     } else if (strcmp(token, "jni_handles") == 0) {
1248       verify_flags |= Verify_JNIHandles;
1249     } else if (strcmp(token, "codecache_oops") == 0) {
1250       verify_flags |= Verify_CodeCacheOops;
1251     } else if (strcmp(token, "resolved_method_table") == 0) {
1252       verify_flags |= Verify_ResolvedMethodTable;
1253     } else if (strcmp(token, "stringdedup") == 0) {
1254       verify_flags |= Verify_StringDedup;
1255     } else {
1256       vm_exit_during_initialization(err_msg("VerifySubSet: \'%s\' memory sub-system is unknown, please correct it", token));
1257     }
1258     token = strtok_r(nullptr, delimiter, &save_ptr);
1259   }
1260   FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, subset_list);
1261 }
1262 
1263 bool Universe::should_verify_subset(uint subset) {
1264   if (verify_flags & subset) {
1265     return true;
1266   }
1267   return false;
1268 }
1269 
1270 void Universe::verify(VerifyOption option, const char* prefix) {
1271   COMPILER2_PRESENT(
1272     assert(!DerivedPointerTable::is_active(),
1273          "DPT should not be active during verification "
1274          "(of thread stacks below)");
1275   )
1276 
1277   Thread* thread = Thread::current();
1278   ResourceMark rm(thread);
1279   HandleMark hm(thread);  // Handles created during verification can be zapped
1280   _verify_count++;
1281 
1282   FormatBuffer<> title("Verifying %s", prefix);
1283   GCTraceTime(Info, gc, verify) tm(title.buffer());
1284   if (should_verify_subset(Verify_Threads)) {
1285     log_debug(gc, verify)("Threads");
1286     Threads::verify();
1287   }
1288   if (should_verify_subset(Verify_Heap)) {
1289     log_debug(gc, verify)("Heap");
1290     heap()->verify(option);
1291   }
1292   if (should_verify_subset(Verify_SymbolTable)) {
1293     log_debug(gc, verify)("SymbolTable");
1294     SymbolTable::verify();
1295   }
1296   if (should_verify_subset(Verify_StringTable)) {
1297     log_debug(gc, verify)("StringTable");
1298     StringTable::verify();
1299   }
1300   if (should_verify_subset(Verify_CodeCache)) {
1301     log_debug(gc, verify)("CodeCache");
1302     CodeCache::verify();
1303   }
1304   if (should_verify_subset(Verify_SystemDictionary)) {
1305     log_debug(gc, verify)("SystemDictionary");
1306     SystemDictionary::verify();
1307   }
1308   if (should_verify_subset(Verify_ClassLoaderDataGraph)) {
1309     log_debug(gc, verify)("ClassLoaderDataGraph");
1310     ClassLoaderDataGraph::verify();
1311   }
1312   if (should_verify_subset(Verify_MetaspaceUtils)) {
1313     log_debug(gc, verify)("MetaspaceUtils");
1314     DEBUG_ONLY(MetaspaceUtils::verify();)
1315   }
1316   if (should_verify_subset(Verify_JNIHandles)) {
1317     log_debug(gc, verify)("JNIHandles");
1318     JNIHandles::verify();
1319   }
1320   if (should_verify_subset(Verify_CodeCacheOops)) {
1321     log_debug(gc, verify)("CodeCache Oops");
1322     CodeCache::verify_oops();
1323   }
1324   if (should_verify_subset(Verify_ResolvedMethodTable)) {
1325     log_debug(gc, verify)("ResolvedMethodTable Oops");
1326     ResolvedMethodTable::verify();
1327   }
1328   if (should_verify_subset(Verify_StringDedup)) {
1329     log_debug(gc, verify)("String Deduplication");
1330     StringDedup::verify();
1331   }
1332 }
1333 
1334 static void log_cpu_time() {
1335   LogTarget(Info, cpu) cpuLog;
1336   if (!cpuLog.is_enabled()) {
1337     return;
1338   }
1339 
1340   const double process_cpu_time = os::elapsed_process_cpu_time();
1341   if (process_cpu_time == 0 || process_cpu_time == -1) {
1342     // 0 can happen e.g. for short running processes with
1343     // low CPU utilization
1344     return;
1345   }
1346 
1347   const double gc_threads_cpu_time = (double) CPUTimeUsage::GC::gc_threads() / NANOSECS_PER_SEC;
1348   const double gc_vm_thread_cpu_time = (double) CPUTimeUsage::GC::vm_thread() / NANOSECS_PER_SEC;
1349   const double gc_string_dedup_cpu_time = (double) CPUTimeUsage::GC::stringdedup() / NANOSECS_PER_SEC;
1350   const double gc_cpu_time = (double) gc_threads_cpu_time + gc_vm_thread_cpu_time + gc_string_dedup_cpu_time;
1351 
1352   const double elasped_time = os::elapsedTime();
1353   const bool has_error = CPUTimeUsage::Error::has_error();
1354 
1355   if (gc_cpu_time < process_cpu_time) {
1356     cpuLog.print("=== CPU time Statistics =============================================================");
1357     if (has_error) {
1358       cpuLog.print("WARNING: CPU time sampling reported errors, numbers may be unreliable");
1359     }
1360     cpuLog.print("                                                                            CPUs");
1361     cpuLog.print("                                                               s       %%  utilized");
1362     cpuLog.print("   Process");
1363     cpuLog.print("     Total                        %30.4f  %6.2f  %8.1f", process_cpu_time, 100.0, process_cpu_time / elasped_time);
1364     cpuLog.print("     Garbage Collection           %30.4f  %6.2f  %8.1f", gc_cpu_time, percent_of(gc_cpu_time, process_cpu_time), gc_cpu_time / elasped_time);
1365     cpuLog.print("       GC Threads                 %30.4f  %6.2f  %8.1f", gc_threads_cpu_time, percent_of(gc_threads_cpu_time, process_cpu_time), gc_threads_cpu_time / elasped_time);
1366     cpuLog.print("       VM Thread                  %30.4f  %6.2f  %8.1f", gc_vm_thread_cpu_time, percent_of(gc_vm_thread_cpu_time, process_cpu_time), gc_vm_thread_cpu_time / elasped_time);
1367 
1368     if (UseStringDeduplication) {
1369       cpuLog.print("       String Deduplication       %30.4f  %6.2f  %8.1f", gc_string_dedup_cpu_time, percent_of(gc_string_dedup_cpu_time, process_cpu_time), gc_string_dedup_cpu_time / elasped_time);
1370     }
1371     cpuLog.print("=====================================================================================");
1372   }
1373 }
1374 
1375 void Universe::before_exit() {
1376   // Tell the GC that it is time to shutdown and to block requests for new GC pauses.
1377   heap()->initiate_shutdown();
1378 
1379   // Log CPU time statistics before stopping the GC threads.
1380   log_cpu_time();
1381 
1382   // Stop the GC threads.
1383   heap()->stop();
1384 
1385   // Print GC/heap related information.
1386   Log(gc, exit) log;
1387   if (log.is_info()) {
1388     LogStream ls_info(log.info());
1389     Universe::print_on(&ls_info);
1390     if (log.is_trace()) {
1391       LogStream ls_trace(log.trace());
1392       MutexLocker mcld(ClassLoaderDataGraph_lock);
1393       ClassLoaderDataGraph::print_on(&ls_trace);
1394     }
1395   }
1396 }
1397 
1398 #ifndef PRODUCT
1399 void Universe::calculate_verify_data(HeapWord* low_boundary, HeapWord* high_boundary) {
1400   assert(low_boundary < high_boundary, "bad interval");
1401 
1402   // decide which low-order bits we require to be clear:
1403   size_t alignSize = MinObjAlignmentInBytes;
1404   size_t min_object_size = CollectedHeap::min_fill_size();
1405 
1406   // make an inclusive limit:
1407   uintptr_t max = (uintptr_t)high_boundary - min_object_size*wordSize;
1408   uintptr_t min = (uintptr_t)low_boundary;
1409   assert(min < max, "bad interval");
1410   uintptr_t diff = max ^ min;
1411 
1412   // throw away enough low-order bits to make the diff vanish
1413   uintptr_t mask = (uintptr_t)(-1);
1414   while ((mask & diff) != 0)
1415     mask <<= 1;
1416   uintptr_t bits = (min & mask);
1417   assert(bits == (max & mask), "correct mask");
1418   // check an intermediate value between min and max, just to make sure:
1419   assert(bits == ((min + (max-min)/2) & mask), "correct mask");
1420 
1421   // require address alignment, too:
1422   mask |= (alignSize - 1);
1423 
1424   if (!(_verify_oop_mask == 0 && _verify_oop_bits == (uintptr_t)-1)) {
1425     assert(_verify_oop_mask == mask && _verify_oop_bits == bits, "mask stability");
1426   }
1427   _verify_oop_mask = mask;
1428   _verify_oop_bits = bits;
1429 }
1430 
1431 void Universe::set_verify_data(uintptr_t mask, uintptr_t bits) {
1432   _verify_oop_mask = mask;
1433   _verify_oop_bits = bits;
1434 }
1435 
1436 // Oop verification (see MacroAssembler::verify_oop)
1437 
1438 uintptr_t Universe::verify_oop_mask() {
1439   return _verify_oop_mask;
1440 }
1441 
1442 uintptr_t Universe::verify_oop_bits() {
1443   return _verify_oop_bits;
1444 }
1445 
1446 uintptr_t Universe::verify_mark_mask() {
1447   return markWord::lock_mask_in_place;
1448 }
1449 
1450 uintptr_t Universe::verify_mark_bits() {
1451   intptr_t mask = verify_mark_mask();
1452   intptr_t bits = (intptr_t)markWord::prototype().value();
1453   assert((bits & ~mask) == 0, "no stray header bits");
1454   return bits;
1455 }
1456 #endif // PRODUCT
1457 
1458 #ifdef ASSERT
1459 // Release dummy object(s) at bottom of heap
1460 bool Universe::release_fullgc_alot_dummy() {
1461   MutexLocker ml(FullGCALot_lock);
1462   objArrayOop fullgc_alot_dummy_array = (objArrayOop)_fullgc_alot_dummy_array.resolve();
1463   if (fullgc_alot_dummy_array != nullptr) {
1464     if (_fullgc_alot_dummy_next >= fullgc_alot_dummy_array->length()) {
1465       // No more dummies to release, release entire array instead
1466       _fullgc_alot_dummy_array.release(Universe::vm_global());
1467       _fullgc_alot_dummy_array = OopHandle(); // null out OopStorage pointer.
1468       return false;
1469     }
1470 
1471     // Release dummy at bottom of old generation
1472     fullgc_alot_dummy_array->obj_at_put(_fullgc_alot_dummy_next++, nullptr);
1473   }
1474   return true;
1475 }
1476 
1477 bool Universe::is_stw_gc_active() {
1478   return heap()->is_stw_gc_active();
1479 }
1480 
1481 bool Universe::is_in_heap(const void* p) {
1482   return heap()->is_in(p);
1483 }
1484 
1485 #endif // ASSERT
--- EOF ---