1 /*
   2  * Copyright (c) 1997, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
   3  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
   4  *
   5  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
   6  * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
   7  * published by the Free Software Foundation.
   8  *
   9  * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
  10  * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
  11  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
  12  * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
  13  * accompanied this code).
  14  *
  15  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
  16  * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
  17  * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
  18  *
  19  * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
  20  * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
  21  * questions.
  22  *
  23  */
  24 
  25 #include "precompiled.hpp"
  26 #include "cds/archiveHeapLoader.hpp"
  27 #include "cds/cdsConfig.hpp"
  28 #include "cds/dynamicArchive.hpp"
  29 #include "cds/heapShared.hpp"
  30 #include "cds/metaspaceShared.hpp"
  31 #include "classfile/classLoader.hpp"
  32 #include "classfile/classLoaderDataGraph.hpp"
  33 #include "classfile/javaClasses.hpp"
  34 #include "classfile/stringTable.hpp"
  35 #include "classfile/symbolTable.hpp"
  36 #include "classfile/systemDictionary.hpp"
  37 #include "classfile/vmClasses.hpp"
  38 #include "classfile/vmSymbols.hpp"
  39 #include "code/codeBehaviours.hpp"
  40 #include "code/codeCache.hpp"
  41 #include "compiler/oopMap.hpp"
  42 #include "gc/shared/collectedHeap.inline.hpp"
  43 #include "gc/shared/gcArguments.hpp"
  44 #include "gc/shared/gcConfig.hpp"
  45 #include "gc/shared/gcLogPrecious.hpp"
  46 #include "gc/shared/gcTraceTime.inline.hpp"
  47 #include "gc/shared/oopStorageSet.hpp"
  48 #include "gc/shared/plab.hpp"
  49 #include "gc/shared/stringdedup/stringDedup.hpp"
  50 #include "gc/shared/tlab_globals.hpp"
  51 #include "logging/log.hpp"
  52 #include "logging/logStream.hpp"
  53 #include "memory/metadataFactory.hpp"
  54 #include "memory/metaspaceClosure.hpp"
  55 #include "memory/metaspaceCounters.hpp"
  56 #include "memory/metaspaceUtils.hpp"
  57 #include "memory/oopFactory.hpp"
  58 #include "memory/resourceArea.hpp"
  59 #include "memory/universe.hpp"
  60 #include "oops/compressedOops.hpp"
  61 #include "oops/instanceKlass.hpp"
  62 #include "oops/instanceMirrorKlass.hpp"
  63 #include "oops/klass.inline.hpp"
  64 #include "oops/objArrayOop.inline.hpp"
  65 #include "oops/oop.inline.hpp"
  66 #include "oops/oopHandle.inline.hpp"
  67 #include "oops/typeArrayKlass.hpp"
  68 #include "prims/resolvedMethodTable.hpp"
  69 #include "runtime/arguments.hpp"
  70 #include "runtime/atomic.hpp"
  71 #include "runtime/cpuTimeCounters.hpp"
  72 #include "runtime/flags/jvmFlagLimit.hpp"
  73 #include "runtime/handles.inline.hpp"
  74 #include "runtime/init.hpp"
  75 #include "runtime/java.hpp"
  76 #include "runtime/javaThread.hpp"
  77 #include "runtime/jniHandles.hpp"
  78 #include "runtime/threads.hpp"
  79 #include "runtime/timerTrace.hpp"
  80 #include "sanitizers/leak.hpp"
  81 #include "services/memoryService.hpp"
  82 #include "utilities/align.hpp"
  83 #include "utilities/autoRestore.hpp"
  84 #include "utilities/debug.hpp"
  85 #include "utilities/formatBuffer.hpp"
  86 #include "utilities/macros.hpp"
  87 #include "utilities/ostream.hpp"
  88 #include "utilities/preserveException.hpp"
  89 
  90 // A helper class for caching a Method* when the user of the cache
  91 // only cares about the latest version of the Method*. This cache safely
  92 // interacts with the RedefineClasses API.
  93 class LatestMethodCache {
  94   // We save the InstanceKlass* and the idnum of Method* in order to get
  95   // the current Method*.
  96   InstanceKlass*        _klass;
  97   int                   _method_idnum;
  98 
  99  public:
 100   LatestMethodCache()   { _klass = nullptr; _method_idnum = -1; }
 101 
 102   void init(JavaThread* current, InstanceKlass* ik, const char* method,
 103             Symbol* signature, bool is_static);
 104   Method* get_method();
 105 };
 106 
 107 static LatestMethodCache _finalizer_register_cache;         // Finalizer.register()
 108 static LatestMethodCache _loader_addClass_cache;            // ClassLoader.addClass()
 109 static LatestMethodCache _throw_illegal_access_error_cache; // Unsafe.throwIllegalAccessError()
 110 static LatestMethodCache _throw_no_such_method_error_cache; // Unsafe.throwNoSuchMethodError()
 111 static LatestMethodCache _do_stack_walk_cache;              // AbstractStackWalker.doStackWalk()
 112 static LatestMethodCache _is_substitutable_cache;           // ValueObjectMethods.isSubstitutable()
 113 static LatestMethodCache _value_object_hash_code_cache;     // ValueObjectMethods.valueObjectHashCode()
 114 
 115 // Known objects
 116 TypeArrayKlass* Universe::_typeArrayKlasses[T_LONG+1] = { nullptr /*, nullptr...*/ };
 117 ObjArrayKlass* Universe::_objectArrayKlass            = nullptr;
 118 Klass* Universe::_fillerArrayKlass                    = nullptr;
 119 OopHandle Universe::_basic_type_mirrors[T_VOID+1];
 120 #if INCLUDE_CDS_JAVA_HEAP
 121 int Universe::_archived_basic_type_mirror_indices[T_VOID+1];
 122 #endif
 123 
 124 OopHandle Universe::_main_thread_group;
 125 OopHandle Universe::_system_thread_group;
 126 OopHandle Universe::_the_empty_class_array;
 127 OopHandle Universe::_the_null_string;
 128 OopHandle Universe::_the_min_jint_string;
 129 
 130 OopHandle Universe::_the_null_sentinel;
 131 
 132 // _out_of_memory_errors is an objArray
 133 enum OutOfMemoryInstance { _oom_java_heap,
 134                            _oom_c_heap,
 135                            _oom_metaspace,
 136                            _oom_class_metaspace,
 137                            _oom_array_size,
 138                            _oom_gc_overhead_limit,
 139                            _oom_realloc_objects,
 140                            _oom_count };
 141 
 142 OopHandle Universe::_out_of_memory_errors;
 143 OopHandle Universe:: _class_init_stack_overflow_error;
 144 OopHandle Universe::_delayed_stack_overflow_error_message;
 145 OopHandle Universe::_preallocated_out_of_memory_error_array;
 146 volatile jint Universe::_preallocated_out_of_memory_error_avail_count = 0;
 147 
 148 // Message details for OOME objects, preallocate these objects since they could be
 149 // used when throwing OOME, we should try to avoid further allocation in such case
 150 OopHandle Universe::_msg_metaspace;
 151 OopHandle Universe::_msg_class_metaspace;
 152 
 153 OopHandle Universe::_reference_pending_list;
 154 
 155 Array<Klass*>* Universe::_the_array_interfaces_array = nullptr;
 156 
 157 long Universe::verify_flags                           = Universe::Verify_All;
 158 
 159 Array<int>* Universe::_the_empty_int_array            = nullptr;
 160 Array<u2>* Universe::_the_empty_short_array           = nullptr;
 161 Array<Klass*>* Universe::_the_empty_klass_array     = nullptr;
 162 Array<InstanceKlass*>* Universe::_the_empty_instance_klass_array  = nullptr;
 163 Array<Method*>* Universe::_the_empty_method_array   = nullptr;
 164 
 165 uintx Universe::_the_array_interfaces_bitmap = 0;
 166 uintx Universe::_the_empty_klass_bitmap      = 0;
 167 
 168 // These variables are guarded by FullGCALot_lock.
 169 debug_only(OopHandle Universe::_fullgc_alot_dummy_array;)
 170 debug_only(int Universe::_fullgc_alot_dummy_next = 0;)
 171 
 172 // Heap
 173 int             Universe::_verify_count = 0;
 174 
 175 // Oop verification (see MacroAssembler::verify_oop)
 176 uintptr_t       Universe::_verify_oop_mask = 0;
 177 uintptr_t       Universe::_verify_oop_bits = (uintptr_t) -1;
 178 
 179 int             Universe::_base_vtable_size = 0;
 180 bool            Universe::_bootstrapping = false;
 181 bool            Universe::_module_initialized = false;
 182 bool            Universe::_fully_initialized = false;
 183 
 184 OopStorage*     Universe::_vm_weak = nullptr;
 185 OopStorage*     Universe::_vm_global = nullptr;
 186 
 187 CollectedHeap*  Universe::_collectedHeap = nullptr;
 188 
 189 // These are the exceptions that are always created and are guatanteed to exist.
 190 // If possible, they can be stored as CDS archived objects to speed up AOT code.
 191 class BuiltinException {
 192   OopHandle _instance;
 193   CDS_JAVA_HEAP_ONLY(int _archived_root_index;)
 194 
 195 public:
 196   BuiltinException() : _instance() {
 197     CDS_JAVA_HEAP_ONLY(_archived_root_index = 0);
 198   }
 199 
 200   void init_if_empty(Symbol* symbol, TRAPS) {
 201     if (_instance.is_empty()) {
 202       Klass* k = SystemDictionary::resolve_or_fail(symbol, true, CHECK);
 203       oop obj = InstanceKlass::cast(k)->allocate_instance(CHECK);
 204       _instance = OopHandle(Universe::vm_global(), obj);
 205     }
 206   }
 207 
 208   oop instance() {
 209     return _instance.resolve();
 210   }
 211 
 212 #if INCLUDE_CDS_JAVA_HEAP
 213   void store_in_cds() {
 214     _archived_root_index = HeapShared::archive_exception_instance(instance());
 215   }
 216 
 217   void load_from_cds() {
 218     if (_archived_root_index >= 0) {
 219       oop obj = HeapShared::get_root(_archived_root_index);
 220       assert(obj != nullptr, "must be");
 221       _instance = OopHandle(Universe::vm_global(), obj);
 222     }
 223   }
 224 
 225   void serialize(SerializeClosure *f) {
 226     f->do_int(&_archived_root_index);
 227   }
 228 #endif
 229 };
 230 
 231 static BuiltinException _null_ptr_exception;
 232 static BuiltinException _arithmetic_exception;
 233 static BuiltinException _internal_error;
 234 static BuiltinException _array_index_out_of_bounds_exception;
 235 static BuiltinException _array_store_exception;
 236 static BuiltinException _class_cast_exception;
 237 
 238 objArrayOop Universe::the_empty_class_array ()  {
 239   return (objArrayOop)_the_empty_class_array.resolve();
 240 }
 241 
 242 oop Universe::main_thread_group()                 { return _main_thread_group.resolve(); }
 243 void Universe::set_main_thread_group(oop group)   { _main_thread_group = OopHandle(vm_global(), group); }
 244 
 245 oop Universe::system_thread_group()               { return _system_thread_group.resolve(); }
 246 void Universe::set_system_thread_group(oop group) { _system_thread_group = OopHandle(vm_global(), group); }
 247 
 248 oop Universe::the_null_string()                   { return _the_null_string.resolve(); }
 249 oop Universe::the_min_jint_string()               { return _the_min_jint_string.resolve(); }
 250 
 251 oop Universe::null_ptr_exception_instance()       { return _null_ptr_exception.instance(); }
 252 oop Universe::arithmetic_exception_instance()     { return _arithmetic_exception.instance(); }
 253 oop Universe::internal_error_instance()           { return _internal_error.instance(); }
 254 oop Universe::array_index_out_of_bounds_exception_instance() { return _array_index_out_of_bounds_exception.instance(); }
 255 oop Universe::array_store_exception_instance()    { return _array_store_exception.instance(); }
 256 oop Universe::class_cast_exception_instance()     { return _class_cast_exception.instance(); }
 257 
 258 oop Universe::the_null_sentinel()                 { return _the_null_sentinel.resolve(); }
 259 
 260 oop Universe::int_mirror()                        { return check_mirror(_basic_type_mirrors[T_INT].resolve()); }
 261 oop Universe::float_mirror()                      { return check_mirror(_basic_type_mirrors[T_FLOAT].resolve()); }
 262 oop Universe::double_mirror()                     { return check_mirror(_basic_type_mirrors[T_DOUBLE].resolve()); }
 263 oop Universe::byte_mirror()                       { return check_mirror(_basic_type_mirrors[T_BYTE].resolve()); }
 264 oop Universe::bool_mirror()                       { return check_mirror(_basic_type_mirrors[T_BOOLEAN].resolve()); }
 265 oop Universe::char_mirror()                       { return check_mirror(_basic_type_mirrors[T_CHAR].resolve()); }
 266 oop Universe::long_mirror()                       { return check_mirror(_basic_type_mirrors[T_LONG].resolve()); }
 267 oop Universe::short_mirror()                      { return check_mirror(_basic_type_mirrors[T_SHORT].resolve()); }
 268 oop Universe::void_mirror()                       { return check_mirror(_basic_type_mirrors[T_VOID].resolve()); }
 269 
 270 oop Universe::java_mirror(BasicType t) {
 271   assert((uint)t < T_VOID+1, "range check");
 272   assert(!is_reference_type(t), "sanity");
 273   return check_mirror(_basic_type_mirrors[t].resolve());
 274 }
 275 
 276 void Universe::basic_type_classes_do(KlassClosure *closure) {
 277   for (int i = T_BOOLEAN; i < T_LONG+1; i++) {
 278     closure->do_klass(_typeArrayKlasses[i]);
 279   }
 280   // We don't do the following because it will confuse JVMTI.
 281   // _fillerArrayKlass is used only by GC, which doesn't need to see
 282   // this klass from basic_type_classes_do().
 283   //
 284   // closure->do_klass(_fillerArrayKlass);
 285 }
 286 
 287 void Universe::metaspace_pointers_do(MetaspaceClosure* it) {
 288   it->push(&_fillerArrayKlass);
 289   for (int i = 0; i < T_LONG+1; i++) {
 290     it->push(&_typeArrayKlasses[i]);
 291   }
 292   it->push(&_objectArrayKlass);
 293 
 294   it->push(&_the_empty_int_array);
 295   it->push(&_the_empty_short_array);
 296   it->push(&_the_empty_klass_array);
 297   it->push(&_the_empty_instance_klass_array);
 298   it->push(&_the_empty_method_array);
 299   it->push(&_the_array_interfaces_array);
 300 }
 301 
 302 #if INCLUDE_CDS_JAVA_HEAP
 303 void Universe::set_archived_basic_type_mirror_index(BasicType t, int index) {
 304   assert(CDSConfig::is_dumping_heap(), "sanity");
 305   assert(!is_reference_type(t), "sanity");
 306   _archived_basic_type_mirror_indices[t] = index;
 307 }
 308 
 309 void Universe::archive_exception_instances() {
 310   _null_ptr_exception.store_in_cds();
 311   _arithmetic_exception.store_in_cds();
 312   _internal_error.store_in_cds();
 313   _array_index_out_of_bounds_exception.store_in_cds();
 314   _array_store_exception.store_in_cds();
 315   _class_cast_exception.store_in_cds();
 316 }
 317 
 318 void Universe::load_archived_object_instances() {
 319   if (ArchiveHeapLoader::is_in_use()) {
 320     for (int i = T_BOOLEAN; i < T_VOID+1; i++) {
 321       int index = _archived_basic_type_mirror_indices[i];
 322       if (!is_reference_type((BasicType)i) && index >= 0) {
 323         oop mirror_oop = HeapShared::get_root(index);
 324         assert(mirror_oop != nullptr, "must be");
 325         _basic_type_mirrors[i] = OopHandle(vm_global(), mirror_oop);
 326       }
 327     }
 328 
 329     _null_ptr_exception.load_from_cds();
 330     _arithmetic_exception.load_from_cds();
 331     _internal_error.load_from_cds();
 332     _array_index_out_of_bounds_exception.load_from_cds();
 333     _array_store_exception.load_from_cds();
 334     _class_cast_exception.load_from_cds();
 335   }
 336 }
 337 #endif
 338 
 339 void Universe::serialize(SerializeClosure* f) {
 340 
 341 #if INCLUDE_CDS_JAVA_HEAP
 342   for (int i = T_BOOLEAN; i < T_VOID+1; i++) {
 343     f->do_int(&_archived_basic_type_mirror_indices[i]);
 344     // if f->reading(): We can't call HeapShared::get_root() yet, as the heap
 345     // contents may need to be relocated. _basic_type_mirrors[i] will be
 346     // updated later in Universe::load_archived_object_instances().
 347   }
 348   _null_ptr_exception.serialize(f);
 349   _arithmetic_exception.serialize(f);
 350   _internal_error.serialize(f);
 351   _array_index_out_of_bounds_exception.serialize(f);
 352   _array_store_exception.serialize(f);
 353   _class_cast_exception.serialize(f);
 354 #endif
 355 
 356   f->do_ptr(&_fillerArrayKlass);
 357   for (int i = 0; i < T_LONG+1; i++) {
 358     f->do_ptr(&_typeArrayKlasses[i]);
 359   }
 360 
 361   f->do_ptr(&_objectArrayKlass);
 362   f->do_ptr(&_the_array_interfaces_array);
 363   f->do_ptr(&_the_empty_int_array);
 364   f->do_ptr(&_the_empty_short_array);
 365   f->do_ptr(&_the_empty_method_array);
 366   f->do_ptr(&_the_empty_klass_array);
 367   f->do_ptr(&_the_empty_instance_klass_array);
 368 }
 369 
 370 
 371 void Universe::check_alignment(uintx size, uintx alignment, const char* name) {
 372   if (size < alignment || size % alignment != 0) {
 373     vm_exit_during_initialization(
 374       err_msg("Size of %s (" UINTX_FORMAT " bytes) must be aligned to " UINTX_FORMAT " bytes", name, size, alignment));
 375   }
 376 }
 377 
 378 static void initialize_basic_type_klass(Klass* k, TRAPS) {
 379   Klass* ok = vmClasses::Object_klass();
 380 #if INCLUDE_CDS
 381   if (CDSConfig::is_using_archive()) {
 382     ClassLoaderData* loader_data = ClassLoaderData::the_null_class_loader_data();
 383     assert(k->super() == ok, "u3");
 384     if (k->is_instance_klass()) {
 385       InstanceKlass::cast(k)->restore_unshareable_info(loader_data, Handle(), nullptr, CHECK);
 386     } else {
 387       ArrayKlass::cast(k)->restore_unshareable_info(loader_data, Handle(), CHECK);
 388     }
 389   } else
 390 #endif
 391   {
 392     k->initialize_supers(ok, nullptr, CHECK);
 393   }
 394   k->append_to_sibling_list();
 395 }
 396 
 397 void Universe::genesis(TRAPS) {
 398   ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
 399   HandleMark   hm(THREAD);
 400 
 401   // Explicit null checks are needed if these offsets are not smaller than the page size
 402   assert(oopDesc::klass_offset_in_bytes() < static_cast<intptr_t>(os::vm_page_size()),
 403          "Klass offset is expected to be less than the page size");
 404   assert(arrayOopDesc::length_offset_in_bytes() < static_cast<intptr_t>(os::vm_page_size()),
 405          "Array length offset is expected to be less than the page size");
 406 
 407   { AutoModifyRestore<bool> temporarily(_bootstrapping, true);
 408 
 409     java_lang_Class::allocate_fixup_lists();
 410 
 411     // determine base vtable size; without that we cannot create the array klasses
 412     compute_base_vtable_size();
 413 
 414     if (!CDSConfig::is_using_archive()) {
 415       // Initialization of the fillerArrayKlass must come before regular
 416       // int-TypeArrayKlass so that the int-Array mirror points to the
 417       // int-TypeArrayKlass.
 418       _fillerArrayKlass = TypeArrayKlass::create_klass(T_INT, "[Ljdk/internal/vm/FillerElement;", CHECK);
 419       for (int i = T_BOOLEAN; i < T_LONG+1; i++) {
 420         _typeArrayKlasses[i] = TypeArrayKlass::create_klass((BasicType)i, CHECK);
 421       }
 422 
 423       ClassLoaderData* null_cld = ClassLoaderData::the_null_class_loader_data();
 424 
 425       _the_array_interfaces_array     = MetadataFactory::new_array<Klass*>(null_cld, 2, nullptr, CHECK);
 426       _the_empty_int_array            = MetadataFactory::new_array<int>(null_cld, 0, CHECK);
 427       _the_empty_short_array          = MetadataFactory::new_array<u2>(null_cld, 0, CHECK);
 428       _the_empty_method_array         = MetadataFactory::new_array<Method*>(null_cld, 0, CHECK);
 429       _the_empty_klass_array          = MetadataFactory::new_array<Klass*>(null_cld, 0, CHECK);
 430       _the_empty_instance_klass_array = MetadataFactory::new_array<InstanceKlass*>(null_cld, 0, CHECK);
 431     }
 432 
 433     vmSymbols::initialize();
 434 
 435     SystemDictionary::initialize(CHECK);
 436 
 437     // Create string constants
 438     oop s = StringTable::intern("null", CHECK);
 439     _the_null_string = OopHandle(vm_global(), s);
 440     s = StringTable::intern("-2147483648", CHECK);
 441     _the_min_jint_string = OopHandle(vm_global(), s);
 442 
 443 
 444 #if INCLUDE_CDS
 445     if (CDSConfig::is_using_archive()) {
 446       // Verify shared interfaces array.
 447       assert(_the_array_interfaces_array->at(0) ==
 448              vmClasses::Cloneable_klass(), "u3");
 449       assert(_the_array_interfaces_array->at(1) ==
 450              vmClasses::Serializable_klass(), "u3");
 451 
 452     } else
 453 #endif
 454     {
 455       // Set up shared interfaces array.  (Do this before supers are set up.)
 456       _the_array_interfaces_array->at_put(0, vmClasses::Cloneable_klass());
 457       _the_array_interfaces_array->at_put(1, vmClasses::Serializable_klass());
 458     }
 459 
 460     if (UseSecondarySupersTable) {
 461       Universe::_the_array_interfaces_bitmap = Klass::compute_secondary_supers_bitmap(_the_array_interfaces_array);
 462       Universe::_the_empty_klass_bitmap      = Klass::compute_secondary_supers_bitmap(_the_empty_klass_array);
 463     }
 464 
 465     initialize_basic_type_klass(_fillerArrayKlass, CHECK);
 466 
 467     initialize_basic_type_klass(boolArrayKlass(), CHECK);
 468     initialize_basic_type_klass(charArrayKlass(), CHECK);
 469     initialize_basic_type_klass(floatArrayKlass(), CHECK);
 470     initialize_basic_type_klass(doubleArrayKlass(), CHECK);
 471     initialize_basic_type_klass(byteArrayKlass(), CHECK);
 472     initialize_basic_type_klass(shortArrayKlass(), CHECK);
 473     initialize_basic_type_klass(intArrayKlass(), CHECK);
 474     initialize_basic_type_klass(longArrayKlass(), CHECK);
 475 
 476     assert(_fillerArrayKlass != intArrayKlass(),
 477            "Internal filler array klass should be different to int array Klass");
 478   } // end of core bootstrapping
 479 
 480   {
 481     Handle tns = java_lang_String::create_from_str("<null_sentinel>", CHECK);
 482     _the_null_sentinel = OopHandle(vm_global(), tns());
 483   }
 484 
 485   // Create a handle for reference_pending_list
 486   _reference_pending_list = OopHandle(vm_global(), nullptr);
 487 
 488   // Maybe this could be lifted up now that object array can be initialized
 489   // during the bootstrapping.
 490 
 491   // OLD
 492   // Initialize _objectArrayKlass after core bootstraping to make
 493   // sure the super class is set up properly for _objectArrayKlass.
 494   // ---
 495   // NEW
 496   // Since some of the old system object arrays have been converted to
 497   // ordinary object arrays, _objectArrayKlass will be loaded when
 498   // SystemDictionary::initialize(CHECK); is run. See the extra check
 499   // for Object_klass_loaded in objArrayKlassKlass::allocate_objArray_klass_impl.
 500   {
 501     Klass* oak = vmClasses::Object_klass()->array_klass(CHECK);
 502     _objectArrayKlass = ObjArrayKlass::cast(oak);
 503   }
 504   // OLD
 505   // Add the class to the class hierarchy manually to make sure that
 506   // its vtable is initialized after core bootstrapping is completed.
 507   // ---
 508   // New
 509   // Have already been initialized.
 510   _objectArrayKlass->append_to_sibling_list();
 511 
 512   #ifdef ASSERT
 513   if (FullGCALot) {
 514     // Allocate an array of dummy objects.
 515     // We'd like these to be at the bottom of the old generation,
 516     // so that when we free one and then collect,
 517     // (almost) the whole heap moves
 518     // and we find out if we actually update all the oops correctly.
 519     // But we can't allocate directly in the old generation,
 520     // so we allocate wherever, and hope that the first collection
 521     // moves these objects to the bottom of the old generation.
 522     int size = FullGCALotDummies * 2;
 523 
 524     objArrayOop    naked_array = oopFactory::new_objArray(vmClasses::Object_klass(), size, CHECK);
 525     objArrayHandle dummy_array(THREAD, naked_array);
 526     int i = 0;
 527     while (i < size) {
 528         // Allocate dummy in old generation
 529       oop dummy = vmClasses::Object_klass()->allocate_instance(CHECK);
 530       dummy_array->obj_at_put(i++, dummy);
 531     }
 532     {
 533       // Only modify the global variable inside the mutex.
 534       // If we had a race to here, the other dummy_array instances
 535       // and their elements just get dropped on the floor, which is fine.
 536       MutexLocker ml(THREAD, FullGCALot_lock);
 537       if (_fullgc_alot_dummy_array.is_empty()) {
 538         _fullgc_alot_dummy_array = OopHandle(vm_global(), dummy_array());
 539       }
 540     }
 541     assert(i == ((objArrayOop)_fullgc_alot_dummy_array.resolve())->length(), "just checking");
 542   }
 543   #endif
 544 }
 545 
 546 void Universe::initialize_basic_type_mirrors(TRAPS) {
 547 #if INCLUDE_CDS_JAVA_HEAP
 548     if (CDSConfig::is_using_archive() &&
 549         ArchiveHeapLoader::is_in_use() &&
 550         _basic_type_mirrors[T_INT].resolve() != nullptr) {
 551       assert(ArchiveHeapLoader::can_use(), "Sanity");
 552 
 553       // check that all basic type mirrors are mapped also
 554       for (int i = T_BOOLEAN; i < T_VOID+1; i++) {
 555         if (!is_reference_type((BasicType)i)) {
 556           oop m = _basic_type_mirrors[i].resolve();
 557           assert(m != nullptr, "archived mirrors should not be null");
 558         }
 559       }
 560     } else
 561       // _basic_type_mirrors[T_INT], etc, are null if archived heap is not mapped.
 562 #endif
 563     {
 564       for (int i = T_BOOLEAN; i < T_VOID+1; i++) {
 565         BasicType bt = (BasicType)i;
 566         if (!is_reference_type(bt)) {
 567           oop m = java_lang_Class::create_basic_type_mirror(type2name(bt), bt, CHECK);
 568           _basic_type_mirrors[i] = OopHandle(vm_global(), m);
 569         }
 570         CDS_JAVA_HEAP_ONLY(_archived_basic_type_mirror_indices[i] = -1);
 571       }
 572     }
 573     if (CDSConfig::is_dumping_heap()) {
 574       HeapShared::init_scratch_objects(CHECK);
 575     }
 576 }
 577 
 578 void Universe::fixup_mirrors(TRAPS) {
 579   // Bootstrap problem: all classes gets a mirror (java.lang.Class instance) assigned eagerly,
 580   // but we cannot do that for classes created before java.lang.Class is loaded. Here we simply
 581   // walk over permanent objects created so far (mostly classes) and fixup their mirrors. Note
 582   // that the number of objects allocated at this point is very small.
 583   assert(vmClasses::Class_klass_loaded(), "java.lang.Class should be loaded");
 584   HandleMark hm(THREAD);
 585 
 586   if (!CDSConfig::is_using_archive()) {
 587     // Cache the start of the static fields
 588     InstanceMirrorKlass::init_offset_of_static_fields();
 589   }
 590 
 591   GrowableArray <Klass*>* list = java_lang_Class::fixup_mirror_list();
 592   int list_length = list->length();
 593   for (int i = 0; i < list_length; i++) {
 594     Klass* k = list->at(i);
 595     assert(k->is_klass(), "List should only hold classes");
 596     java_lang_Class::fixup_mirror(k, CATCH);
 597   }
 598   delete java_lang_Class::fixup_mirror_list();
 599   java_lang_Class::set_fixup_mirror_list(nullptr);
 600 }
 601 
 602 #define assert_pll_locked(test) \
 603   assert(Heap_lock->test(), "Reference pending list access requires lock")
 604 
 605 #define assert_pll_ownership() assert_pll_locked(owned_by_self)
 606 
 607 oop Universe::reference_pending_list() {
 608   if (Thread::current()->is_VM_thread()) {
 609     assert_pll_locked(is_locked);
 610   } else {
 611     assert_pll_ownership();
 612   }
 613   return _reference_pending_list.resolve();
 614 }
 615 
 616 void Universe::clear_reference_pending_list() {
 617   assert_pll_ownership();
 618   _reference_pending_list.replace(nullptr);
 619 }
 620 
 621 bool Universe::has_reference_pending_list() {
 622   assert_pll_ownership();
 623   return _reference_pending_list.peek() != nullptr;
 624 }
 625 
 626 oop Universe::swap_reference_pending_list(oop list) {
 627   assert_pll_locked(is_locked);
 628   return _reference_pending_list.xchg(list);
 629 }
 630 
 631 #undef assert_pll_locked
 632 #undef assert_pll_ownership
 633 
 634 static void reinitialize_vtables() {
 635   // The vtables are initialized by starting at java.lang.Object and
 636   // initializing through the subclass links, so that the super
 637   // classes are always initialized first.
 638   for (ClassHierarchyIterator iter(vmClasses::Object_klass()); !iter.done(); iter.next()) {
 639     Klass* sub = iter.klass();
 640     sub->vtable().initialize_vtable();
 641   }
 642 }
 643 
 644 static void reinitialize_itables() {
 645 
 646   class ReinitTableClosure : public KlassClosure {
 647    public:
 648     void do_klass(Klass* k) {
 649       if (k->is_instance_klass()) {
 650          InstanceKlass::cast(k)->itable().initialize_itable();
 651       }
 652     }
 653   };
 654 
 655   MutexLocker mcld(ClassLoaderDataGraph_lock);
 656   ReinitTableClosure cl;
 657   ClassLoaderDataGraph::classes_do(&cl);
 658 }
 659 
 660 bool Universe::on_page_boundary(void* addr) {
 661   return is_aligned(addr, os::vm_page_size());
 662 }
 663 
 664 // the array of preallocated errors with backtraces
 665 objArrayOop Universe::preallocated_out_of_memory_errors() {
 666   return (objArrayOop)_preallocated_out_of_memory_error_array.resolve();
 667 }
 668 
 669 objArrayOop Universe::out_of_memory_errors() { return (objArrayOop)_out_of_memory_errors.resolve(); }
 670 
 671 oop Universe::out_of_memory_error_java_heap() {
 672   return gen_out_of_memory_error(out_of_memory_errors()->obj_at(_oom_java_heap));
 673 }
 674 
 675 oop Universe::out_of_memory_error_java_heap_without_backtrace() {
 676   return out_of_memory_errors()->obj_at(_oom_java_heap);
 677 }
 678 
 679 oop Universe::out_of_memory_error_c_heap() {
 680   return gen_out_of_memory_error(out_of_memory_errors()->obj_at(_oom_c_heap));
 681 }
 682 
 683 oop Universe::out_of_memory_error_metaspace() {
 684   return gen_out_of_memory_error(out_of_memory_errors()->obj_at(_oom_metaspace));
 685 }
 686 
 687 oop Universe::out_of_memory_error_class_metaspace() {
 688   return gen_out_of_memory_error(out_of_memory_errors()->obj_at(_oom_class_metaspace));
 689 }
 690 
 691 oop Universe::out_of_memory_error_array_size() {
 692   return gen_out_of_memory_error(out_of_memory_errors()->obj_at(_oom_array_size));
 693 }
 694 
 695 oop Universe::out_of_memory_error_gc_overhead_limit() {
 696   return gen_out_of_memory_error(out_of_memory_errors()->obj_at(_oom_gc_overhead_limit));
 697 }
 698 
 699 oop Universe::out_of_memory_error_realloc_objects() {
 700   return gen_out_of_memory_error(out_of_memory_errors()->obj_at(_oom_realloc_objects));
 701 }
 702 
 703 oop Universe::class_init_out_of_memory_error()         { return out_of_memory_errors()->obj_at(_oom_java_heap); }
 704 oop Universe::class_init_stack_overflow_error()        { return _class_init_stack_overflow_error.resolve(); }
 705 oop Universe::delayed_stack_overflow_error_message()   { return _delayed_stack_overflow_error_message.resolve(); }
 706 
 707 
 708 bool Universe::should_fill_in_stack_trace(Handle throwable) {
 709   // never attempt to fill in the stack trace of preallocated errors that do not have
 710   // backtrace. These errors are kept alive forever and may be "re-used" when all
 711   // preallocated errors with backtrace have been consumed. Also need to avoid
 712   // a potential loop which could happen if an out of memory occurs when attempting
 713   // to allocate the backtrace.
 714   objArrayOop preallocated_oom = out_of_memory_errors();
 715   for (int i = 0; i < _oom_count; i++) {
 716     if (throwable() == preallocated_oom->obj_at(i)) {
 717       return false;
 718     }
 719   }
 720   return true;
 721 }
 722 
 723 
 724 oop Universe::gen_out_of_memory_error(oop default_err) {
 725   // generate an out of memory error:
 726   // - if there is a preallocated error and stack traces are available
 727   //   (j.l.Throwable is initialized), then return the preallocated
 728   //   error with a filled in stack trace, and with the message
 729   //   provided by the default error.
 730   // - otherwise, return the default error, without a stack trace.
 731   int next;
 732   if ((_preallocated_out_of_memory_error_avail_count > 0) &&
 733       vmClasses::Throwable_klass()->is_initialized()) {
 734     next = (int)Atomic::add(&_preallocated_out_of_memory_error_avail_count, -1);
 735     assert(next < (int)PreallocatedOutOfMemoryErrorCount, "avail count is corrupt");
 736   } else {
 737     next = -1;
 738   }
 739   if (next < 0) {
 740     // all preallocated errors have been used.
 741     // return default
 742     return default_err;
 743   } else {
 744     JavaThread* current = JavaThread::current();
 745     Handle default_err_h(current, default_err);
 746     // get the error object at the slot and set set it to null so that the
 747     // array isn't keeping it alive anymore.
 748     Handle exc(current, preallocated_out_of_memory_errors()->obj_at(next));
 749     assert(exc() != nullptr, "slot has been used already");
 750     preallocated_out_of_memory_errors()->obj_at_put(next, nullptr);
 751 
 752     // use the message from the default error
 753     oop msg = java_lang_Throwable::message(default_err_h());
 754     assert(msg != nullptr, "no message");
 755     java_lang_Throwable::set_message(exc(), msg);
 756 
 757     // populate the stack trace and return it.
 758     java_lang_Throwable::fill_in_stack_trace_of_preallocated_backtrace(exc);
 759     return exc();
 760   }
 761 }
 762 
 763 bool Universe::is_out_of_memory_error_metaspace(oop ex_obj) {
 764   return java_lang_Throwable::message(ex_obj) == _msg_metaspace.resolve();
 765 }
 766 
 767 bool Universe::is_out_of_memory_error_class_metaspace(oop ex_obj) {
 768   return java_lang_Throwable::message(ex_obj) == _msg_class_metaspace.resolve();
 769 }
 770 
 771 // Setup preallocated OutOfMemoryError errors
 772 void Universe::create_preallocated_out_of_memory_errors(TRAPS) {
 773   InstanceKlass* ik = vmClasses::OutOfMemoryError_klass();
 774   objArrayOop oa = oopFactory::new_objArray(ik, _oom_count, CHECK);
 775   objArrayHandle oom_array(THREAD, oa);
 776 
 777   for (int i = 0; i < _oom_count; i++) {
 778     oop oom_obj = ik->allocate_instance(CHECK);
 779     oom_array->obj_at_put(i, oom_obj);
 780   }
 781   _out_of_memory_errors = OopHandle(vm_global(), oom_array());
 782 
 783   Handle msg = java_lang_String::create_from_str("Java heap space", CHECK);
 784   java_lang_Throwable::set_message(oom_array->obj_at(_oom_java_heap), msg());
 785 
 786   msg = java_lang_String::create_from_str("C heap space", CHECK);
 787   java_lang_Throwable::set_message(oom_array->obj_at(_oom_c_heap), msg());
 788 
 789   msg = java_lang_String::create_from_str("Metaspace", CHECK);
 790   _msg_metaspace = OopHandle(vm_global(), msg());
 791   java_lang_Throwable::set_message(oom_array->obj_at(_oom_metaspace), msg());
 792 
 793   msg = java_lang_String::create_from_str("Compressed class space", CHECK);
 794   _msg_class_metaspace = OopHandle(vm_global(), msg());
 795   java_lang_Throwable::set_message(oom_array->obj_at(_oom_class_metaspace), msg());
 796 
 797   msg = java_lang_String::create_from_str("Requested array size exceeds VM limit", CHECK);
 798   java_lang_Throwable::set_message(oom_array->obj_at(_oom_array_size), msg());
 799 
 800   msg = java_lang_String::create_from_str("GC overhead limit exceeded", CHECK);
 801   java_lang_Throwable::set_message(oom_array->obj_at(_oom_gc_overhead_limit), msg());
 802 
 803   msg = java_lang_String::create_from_str("Java heap space: failed reallocation of scalar replaced objects", CHECK);
 804   java_lang_Throwable::set_message(oom_array->obj_at(_oom_realloc_objects), msg());
 805 
 806   // Setup the array of errors that have preallocated backtrace
 807   int len = (StackTraceInThrowable) ? (int)PreallocatedOutOfMemoryErrorCount : 0;
 808   objArrayOop instance = oopFactory::new_objArray(ik, len, CHECK);
 809   _preallocated_out_of_memory_error_array = OopHandle(vm_global(), instance);
 810   objArrayHandle preallocated_oom_array(THREAD, instance);
 811 
 812   for (int i=0; i<len; i++) {
 813     oop err = ik->allocate_instance(CHECK);
 814     Handle err_h(THREAD, err);
 815     java_lang_Throwable::allocate_backtrace(err_h, CHECK);
 816     preallocated_oom_array->obj_at_put(i, err_h());
 817   }
 818   _preallocated_out_of_memory_error_avail_count = (jint)len;
 819 }
 820 
 821 intptr_t Universe::_non_oop_bits = 0;
 822 
 823 void* Universe::non_oop_word() {
 824   // Neither the high bits nor the low bits of this value is allowed
 825   // to look like (respectively) the high or low bits of a real oop.
 826   //
 827   // High and low are CPU-specific notions, but low always includes
 828   // the low-order bit.  Since oops are always aligned at least mod 4,
 829   // setting the low-order bit will ensure that the low half of the
 830   // word will never look like that of a real oop.
 831   //
 832   // Using the OS-supplied non-memory-address word (usually 0 or -1)
 833   // will take care of the high bits, however many there are.
 834 
 835   if (_non_oop_bits == 0) {
 836     _non_oop_bits = (intptr_t)os::non_memory_address_word() | 1;
 837   }
 838 
 839   return (void*)_non_oop_bits;
 840 }
 841 
 842 bool Universe::contains_non_oop_word(void* p) {
 843   return *(void**)p == non_oop_word();
 844 }
 845 
 846 static void initialize_global_behaviours() {
 847   DefaultICProtectionBehaviour* protection_behavior = new DefaultICProtectionBehaviour();
 848   // Ignore leak of DefaultICProtectionBehaviour. It is overriden by some GC implementations and the
 849   // pointer is leaked once.
 850   LSAN_IGNORE_OBJECT(protection_behavior);
 851   CompiledICProtectionBehaviour::set_current(protection_behavior);
 852 }
 853 
 854 jint universe_init() {
 855   assert(!Universe::_fully_initialized, "called after initialize_vtables");
 856   guarantee(1 << LogHeapWordSize == sizeof(HeapWord),
 857          "LogHeapWordSize is incorrect.");
 858   guarantee(sizeof(oop) >= sizeof(HeapWord), "HeapWord larger than oop?");
 859   guarantee(sizeof(oop) % sizeof(HeapWord) == 0,
 860             "oop size is not not a multiple of HeapWord size");
 861 
 862   TraceTime timer("Genesis", TRACETIME_LOG(Info, startuptime));
 863 
 864   initialize_global_behaviours();
 865 
 866   GCLogPrecious::initialize();
 867 
 868   // Initialize CPUTimeCounters object, which must be done before creation of the heap.
 869   CPUTimeCounters::initialize();
 870 
 871 #ifdef _LP64
 872   MetaspaceShared::adjust_heap_sizes_for_dumping();
 873 #endif // _LP64
 874 
 875   GCConfig::arguments()->initialize_heap_sizes();
 876 
 877   jint status = Universe::initialize_heap();
 878   if (status != JNI_OK) {
 879     return status;
 880   }
 881 
 882   Universe::initialize_tlab();
 883 
 884   Metaspace::global_initialize();

 885   // Initialize performance counters for metaspaces
 886   MetaspaceCounters::initialize_performance_counters();
 887 
 888   // Checks 'AfterMemoryInit' constraints.
 889   if (!JVMFlagLimit::check_all_constraints(JVMFlagConstraintPhase::AfterMemoryInit)) {
 890     return JNI_EINVAL;
 891   }
 892 
 893   ClassLoaderData::init_null_class_loader_data();
 894 
 895 #if INCLUDE_CDS
 896   DynamicArchive::check_for_dynamic_dump();
 897   if (CDSConfig::is_using_archive()) {
 898     // Read the data structures supporting the shared spaces (shared
 899     // system dictionary, symbol table, etc.)
 900     MetaspaceShared::initialize_shared_spaces();
 901   }
 902   if (CDSConfig::is_dumping_archive()) {
 903     MetaspaceShared::prepare_for_dumping();
 904   }
 905 #endif
 906 
 907   SymbolTable::create_table();
 908   StringTable::create_table();
 909 
 910   if (strlen(VerifySubSet) > 0) {
 911     Universe::initialize_verify_flags();
 912   }
 913 
 914   ResolvedMethodTable::create_table();
 915 
 916   return JNI_OK;
 917 }
 918 
 919 jint Universe::initialize_heap() {
 920   assert(_collectedHeap == nullptr, "Heap already created");
 921   _collectedHeap = GCConfig::arguments()->create_heap();
 922 
 923   log_info(gc)("Using %s", _collectedHeap->name());
 924   return _collectedHeap->initialize();
 925 }
 926 
 927 void Universe::initialize_tlab() {
 928   ThreadLocalAllocBuffer::set_max_size(Universe::heap()->max_tlab_size());
 929   PLAB::startup_initialization();
 930   if (UseTLAB) {
 931     ThreadLocalAllocBuffer::startup_initialization();
 932   }
 933 }
 934 
 935 ReservedHeapSpace Universe::reserve_heap(size_t heap_size, size_t alignment) {
 936 
 937   assert(alignment <= Arguments::conservative_max_heap_alignment(),
 938          "actual alignment " SIZE_FORMAT " must be within maximum heap alignment " SIZE_FORMAT,
 939          alignment, Arguments::conservative_max_heap_alignment());
 940 
 941   size_t total_reserved = align_up(heap_size, alignment);
 942   assert(!UseCompressedOops || (total_reserved <= (OopEncodingHeapMax - os::vm_page_size())),
 943       "heap size is too big for compressed oops");
 944 
 945   size_t page_size = os::vm_page_size();
 946   if (UseLargePages && is_aligned(alignment, os::large_page_size())) {
 947     page_size = os::large_page_size();
 948   } else {
 949     // Parallel is the only collector that might opt out of using large pages
 950     // for the heap.
 951     assert(!UseLargePages || UseParallelGC , "Wrong alignment to use large pages");
 952   }
 953 
 954   // Now create the space.
 955   ReservedHeapSpace total_rs(total_reserved, alignment, page_size, AllocateHeapAt);
 956 
 957   if (total_rs.is_reserved()) {
 958     assert((total_reserved == total_rs.size()) && ((uintptr_t)total_rs.base() % alignment == 0),
 959            "must be exactly of required size and alignment");
 960     // We are good.
 961 
 962     if (AllocateHeapAt != nullptr) {
 963       log_info(gc,heap)("Successfully allocated Java heap at location %s", AllocateHeapAt);
 964     }
 965 
 966     if (UseCompressedOops) {
 967       CompressedOops::initialize(total_rs);
 968     }
 969 
 970     Universe::calculate_verify_data((HeapWord*)total_rs.base(), (HeapWord*)total_rs.end());
 971 
 972     return total_rs;
 973   }
 974 
 975   vm_exit_during_initialization(
 976     err_msg("Could not reserve enough space for " SIZE_FORMAT "KB object heap",
 977             total_reserved/K));
 978 
 979   // satisfy compiler
 980   ShouldNotReachHere();
 981   return ReservedHeapSpace(0, 0, os::vm_page_size());
 982 }
 983 
 984 OopStorage* Universe::vm_weak() {
 985   return Universe::_vm_weak;
 986 }
 987 
 988 OopStorage* Universe::vm_global() {
 989   return Universe::_vm_global;
 990 }
 991 
 992 void Universe::oopstorage_init() {
 993   Universe::_vm_global = OopStorageSet::create_strong("VM Global", mtInternal);
 994   Universe::_vm_weak = OopStorageSet::create_weak("VM Weak", mtInternal);
 995 }
 996 
 997 void universe_oopstorage_init() {
 998   Universe::oopstorage_init();
 999 }
1000 
1001 void LatestMethodCache::init(JavaThread* current, InstanceKlass* ik,
1002                              const char* method, Symbol* signature, bool is_static)
1003 {
1004   TempNewSymbol name = SymbolTable::new_symbol(method);
1005   Method* m = nullptr;
1006   // The klass must be linked before looking up the method.
1007   if (!ik->link_class_or_fail(current) ||
1008       ((m = ik->find_method(name, signature)) == nullptr) ||
1009       is_static != m->is_static()) {
1010     ResourceMark rm(current);
1011     // NoSuchMethodException doesn't actually work because it tries to run the
1012     // <init> function before java_lang_Class is linked. Print error and exit.
1013     vm_exit_during_initialization(err_msg("Unable to link/verify %s.%s method",
1014                                  ik->name()->as_C_string(), method));
1015   }
1016 
1017   _klass = ik;
1018   _method_idnum = m->method_idnum();
1019   assert(_method_idnum >= 0, "sanity check");
1020 }
1021 
1022 Method* LatestMethodCache::get_method() {
1023   if (_klass == nullptr) {
1024     return nullptr;
1025   } else {
1026     Method* m = _klass->method_with_idnum(_method_idnum);
1027     assert(m != nullptr, "sanity check");
1028     return m;
1029   }
1030 }
1031 
1032 Method* Universe::finalizer_register_method()     { return _finalizer_register_cache.get_method(); }
1033 Method* Universe::loader_addClass_method()        { return _loader_addClass_cache.get_method(); }
1034 Method* Universe::throw_illegal_access_error()    { return _throw_illegal_access_error_cache.get_method(); }
1035 Method* Universe::throw_no_such_method_error()    { return _throw_no_such_method_error_cache.get_method(); }
1036 Method* Universe::do_stack_walk_method()          { return _do_stack_walk_cache.get_method(); }
1037 Method* Universe::is_substitutable_method()       { return _is_substitutable_cache.get_method(); }
1038 Method* Universe::value_object_hash_code_method() { return _value_object_hash_code_cache.get_method(); }
1039 
1040 void Universe::initialize_known_methods(JavaThread* current) {
1041   // Set up static method for registering finalizers
1042   _finalizer_register_cache.init(current,
1043                           vmClasses::Finalizer_klass(),
1044                           "register",
1045                           vmSymbols::object_void_signature(), true);
1046 
1047   _throw_illegal_access_error_cache.init(current,
1048                           vmClasses::internal_Unsafe_klass(),
1049                           "throwIllegalAccessError",
1050                           vmSymbols::void_method_signature(), true);
1051 
1052   _throw_no_such_method_error_cache.init(current,
1053                           vmClasses::internal_Unsafe_klass(),
1054                           "throwNoSuchMethodError",
1055                           vmSymbols::void_method_signature(), true);
1056 
1057   // Set up method for registering loaded classes in class loader vector
1058   _loader_addClass_cache.init(current,
1059                           vmClasses::ClassLoader_klass(),
1060                           "addClass",
1061                           vmSymbols::class_void_signature(), false);
1062 
1063   // Set up method for stack walking
1064   _do_stack_walk_cache.init(current,
1065                           vmClasses::AbstractStackWalker_klass(),
1066                           "doStackWalk",
1067                           vmSymbols::doStackWalk_signature(), false);
1068 
1069   // Set up substitutability testing
1070   ResourceMark rm(current);
1071   _is_substitutable_cache.init(current,
1072                           vmClasses::ValueObjectMethods_klass(),
1073                           vmSymbols::isSubstitutable_name()->as_C_string(),
1074                           vmSymbols::object_object_boolean_signature(), true);
1075   _value_object_hash_code_cache.init(current,
1076                           vmClasses::ValueObjectMethods_klass(),
1077                           vmSymbols::valueObjectHashCode_name()->as_C_string(),
1078                           vmSymbols::object_int_signature(), true);
1079 }
1080 
1081 void universe2_init() {
1082   EXCEPTION_MARK;
1083   Universe::genesis(CATCH);
1084 }
1085 
1086 // Set after initialization of the module runtime, call_initModuleRuntime
1087 void universe_post_module_init() {
1088   Universe::_module_initialized = true;
1089 }
1090 
1091 bool universe_post_init() {
1092   assert(!is_init_completed(), "Error: initialization not yet completed!");
1093   Universe::_fully_initialized = true;
1094   EXCEPTION_MARK;
1095   if (!CDSConfig::is_using_archive()) {
1096     reinitialize_vtables();
1097     reinitialize_itables();
1098   }
1099 
1100   HandleMark hm(THREAD);
1101   // Setup preallocated empty java.lang.Class array for Method reflection.
1102 
1103   objArrayOop the_empty_class_array = oopFactory::new_objArray(vmClasses::Class_klass(), 0, CHECK_false);
1104   Universe::_the_empty_class_array = OopHandle(Universe::vm_global(), the_empty_class_array);
1105 
1106   // Setup preallocated OutOfMemoryError errors
1107   Universe::create_preallocated_out_of_memory_errors(CHECK_false);
1108 
1109   oop instance;
1110   // Setup preallocated cause message for delayed StackOverflowError
1111   if (StackReservedPages > 0) {
1112     instance = java_lang_String::create_oop_from_str("Delayed StackOverflowError due to ReservedStackAccess annotated method", CHECK_false);
1113     Universe::_delayed_stack_overflow_error_message = OopHandle(Universe::vm_global(), instance);
1114   }
1115 
1116   // Setup preallocated exceptions used for a cheap & dirty solution in compiler exception handling
1117   _null_ptr_exception.init_if_empty(vmSymbols::java_lang_NullPointerException(), CHECK_false);
1118   _arithmetic_exception.init_if_empty(vmSymbols::java_lang_ArithmeticException(), CHECK_false);
1119   _array_index_out_of_bounds_exception.init_if_empty(vmSymbols::java_lang_ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException(), CHECK_false);
1120   _array_store_exception.init_if_empty(vmSymbols::java_lang_ArrayStoreException(), CHECK_false);
1121   _class_cast_exception.init_if_empty(vmSymbols::java_lang_ClassCastException(), CHECK_false);
1122 
1123   // Virtual Machine Error for when we get into a situation we can't resolve
1124   Klass* k = vmClasses::InternalError_klass();
1125   bool linked = InstanceKlass::cast(k)->link_class_or_fail(CHECK_false);
1126   if (!linked) {
1127      tty->print_cr("Unable to link/verify InternalError class");
1128      return false; // initialization failed
1129   }
1130   _internal_error.init_if_empty(vmSymbols::java_lang_InternalError(), CHECK_false);
1131 
1132   Handle msg = java_lang_String::create_from_str("/ by zero", CHECK_false);
1133   java_lang_Throwable::set_message(Universe::arithmetic_exception_instance(), msg());
1134 
1135   // Setup preallocated StackOverflowError for use with class initialization failure
1136   k = SystemDictionary::resolve_or_fail(vmSymbols::java_lang_StackOverflowError(), true, CHECK_false);
1137   instance = InstanceKlass::cast(k)->allocate_instance(CHECK_false);
1138   Universe::_class_init_stack_overflow_error = OopHandle(Universe::vm_global(), instance);
1139 
1140   Universe::initialize_known_methods(THREAD);
1141 
1142   // This needs to be done before the first scavenge/gc, since
1143   // it's an input to soft ref clearing policy.
1144   {
1145     MutexLocker x(THREAD, Heap_lock);
1146     Universe::heap()->update_capacity_and_used_at_gc();
1147   }
1148 
1149   // ("weak") refs processing infrastructure initialization
1150   Universe::heap()->post_initialize();
1151 
1152   MemoryService::add_metaspace_memory_pools();
1153 
1154   MemoryService::set_universe_heap(Universe::heap());
1155 #if INCLUDE_CDS
1156   MetaspaceShared::post_initialize(CHECK_false);
1157 #endif
1158   return true;
1159 }
1160 
1161 
1162 void Universe::compute_base_vtable_size() {
1163   _base_vtable_size = ClassLoader::compute_Object_vtable();
1164 }
1165 
1166 void Universe::print_on(outputStream* st) {
1167   GCMutexLocker hl(Heap_lock); // Heap_lock might be locked by caller thread.
1168   st->print_cr("Heap");
1169   heap()->print_on(st);
1170 }
1171 
1172 void Universe::print_heap_at_SIGBREAK() {
1173   if (PrintHeapAtSIGBREAK) {
1174     print_on(tty);
1175     tty->cr();
1176     tty->flush();
1177   }
1178 }
1179 
1180 void Universe::initialize_verify_flags() {
1181   verify_flags = 0;
1182   const char delimiter[] = " ,";
1183 
1184   size_t length = strlen(VerifySubSet);
1185   char* subset_list = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, length + 1, mtInternal);
1186   strncpy(subset_list, VerifySubSet, length + 1);
1187   char* save_ptr;
1188 
1189   char* token = strtok_r(subset_list, delimiter, &save_ptr);
1190   while (token != nullptr) {
1191     if (strcmp(token, "threads") == 0) {
1192       verify_flags |= Verify_Threads;
1193     } else if (strcmp(token, "heap") == 0) {
1194       verify_flags |= Verify_Heap;
1195     } else if (strcmp(token, "symbol_table") == 0) {
1196       verify_flags |= Verify_SymbolTable;
1197     } else if (strcmp(token, "string_table") == 0) {
1198       verify_flags |= Verify_StringTable;
1199     } else if (strcmp(token, "codecache") == 0) {
1200       verify_flags |= Verify_CodeCache;
1201     } else if (strcmp(token, "dictionary") == 0) {
1202       verify_flags |= Verify_SystemDictionary;
1203     } else if (strcmp(token, "classloader_data_graph") == 0) {
1204       verify_flags |= Verify_ClassLoaderDataGraph;
1205     } else if (strcmp(token, "metaspace") == 0) {
1206       verify_flags |= Verify_MetaspaceUtils;
1207     } else if (strcmp(token, "jni_handles") == 0) {
1208       verify_flags |= Verify_JNIHandles;
1209     } else if (strcmp(token, "codecache_oops") == 0) {
1210       verify_flags |= Verify_CodeCacheOops;
1211     } else if (strcmp(token, "resolved_method_table") == 0) {
1212       verify_flags |= Verify_ResolvedMethodTable;
1213     } else if (strcmp(token, "stringdedup") == 0) {
1214       verify_flags |= Verify_StringDedup;
1215     } else {
1216       vm_exit_during_initialization(err_msg("VerifySubSet: \'%s\' memory sub-system is unknown, please correct it", token));
1217     }
1218     token = strtok_r(nullptr, delimiter, &save_ptr);
1219   }
1220   FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, subset_list);
1221 }
1222 
1223 bool Universe::should_verify_subset(uint subset) {
1224   if (verify_flags & subset) {
1225     return true;
1226   }
1227   return false;
1228 }
1229 
1230 void Universe::verify(VerifyOption option, const char* prefix) {
1231   COMPILER2_PRESENT(
1232     assert(!DerivedPointerTable::is_active(),
1233          "DPT should not be active during verification "
1234          "(of thread stacks below)");
1235   )
1236 
1237   Thread* thread = Thread::current();
1238   ResourceMark rm(thread);
1239   HandleMark hm(thread);  // Handles created during verification can be zapped
1240   _verify_count++;
1241 
1242   FormatBuffer<> title("Verifying %s", prefix);
1243   GCTraceTime(Info, gc, verify) tm(title.buffer());
1244   if (should_verify_subset(Verify_Threads)) {
1245     log_debug(gc, verify)("Threads");
1246     Threads::verify();
1247   }
1248   if (should_verify_subset(Verify_Heap)) {
1249     log_debug(gc, verify)("Heap");
1250     heap()->verify(option);
1251   }
1252   if (should_verify_subset(Verify_SymbolTable)) {
1253     log_debug(gc, verify)("SymbolTable");
1254     SymbolTable::verify();
1255   }
1256   if (should_verify_subset(Verify_StringTable)) {
1257     log_debug(gc, verify)("StringTable");
1258     StringTable::verify();
1259   }
1260   if (should_verify_subset(Verify_CodeCache)) {
1261     log_debug(gc, verify)("CodeCache");
1262     CodeCache::verify();
1263   }
1264   if (should_verify_subset(Verify_SystemDictionary)) {
1265     log_debug(gc, verify)("SystemDictionary");
1266     SystemDictionary::verify();
1267   }
1268   if (should_verify_subset(Verify_ClassLoaderDataGraph)) {
1269     log_debug(gc, verify)("ClassLoaderDataGraph");
1270     ClassLoaderDataGraph::verify();
1271   }
1272   if (should_verify_subset(Verify_MetaspaceUtils)) {
1273     log_debug(gc, verify)("MetaspaceUtils");
1274     DEBUG_ONLY(MetaspaceUtils::verify();)
1275   }
1276   if (should_verify_subset(Verify_JNIHandles)) {
1277     log_debug(gc, verify)("JNIHandles");
1278     JNIHandles::verify();
1279   }
1280   if (should_verify_subset(Verify_CodeCacheOops)) {
1281     log_debug(gc, verify)("CodeCache Oops");
1282     CodeCache::verify_oops();
1283   }
1284   if (should_verify_subset(Verify_ResolvedMethodTable)) {
1285     log_debug(gc, verify)("ResolvedMethodTable Oops");
1286     ResolvedMethodTable::verify();
1287   }
1288   if (should_verify_subset(Verify_StringDedup)) {
1289     log_debug(gc, verify)("String Deduplication");
1290     StringDedup::verify();
1291   }
1292 }
1293 
1294 
1295 #ifndef PRODUCT
1296 void Universe::calculate_verify_data(HeapWord* low_boundary, HeapWord* high_boundary) {
1297   assert(low_boundary < high_boundary, "bad interval");
1298 
1299   // decide which low-order bits we require to be clear:
1300   size_t alignSize = MinObjAlignmentInBytes;
1301   size_t min_object_size = CollectedHeap::min_fill_size();
1302 
1303   // make an inclusive limit:
1304   uintptr_t max = (uintptr_t)high_boundary - min_object_size*wordSize;
1305   uintptr_t min = (uintptr_t)low_boundary;
1306   assert(min < max, "bad interval");
1307   uintptr_t diff = max ^ min;
1308 
1309   // throw away enough low-order bits to make the diff vanish
1310   uintptr_t mask = (uintptr_t)(-1);
1311   while ((mask & diff) != 0)
1312     mask <<= 1;
1313   uintptr_t bits = (min & mask);
1314   assert(bits == (max & mask), "correct mask");
1315   // check an intermediate value between min and max, just to make sure:
1316   assert(bits == ((min + (max-min)/2) & mask), "correct mask");
1317 
1318   // require address alignment, too:
1319   mask |= (alignSize - 1);
1320 
1321   if (!(_verify_oop_mask == 0 && _verify_oop_bits == (uintptr_t)-1)) {
1322     assert(_verify_oop_mask == mask && _verify_oop_bits == bits, "mask stability");
1323   }
1324   _verify_oop_mask = mask;
1325   _verify_oop_bits = bits;
1326 }
1327 
1328 void Universe::set_verify_data(uintptr_t mask, uintptr_t bits) {
1329   _verify_oop_mask = mask;
1330   _verify_oop_bits = bits;
1331 }
1332 
1333 // Oop verification (see MacroAssembler::verify_oop)
1334 
1335 uintptr_t Universe::verify_oop_mask() {
1336   return _verify_oop_mask;
1337 }
1338 
1339 uintptr_t Universe::verify_oop_bits() {
1340   return _verify_oop_bits;
1341 }
1342 
1343 uintptr_t Universe::verify_mark_mask() {
1344   return markWord::lock_mask_in_place;
1345 }
1346 
1347 uintptr_t Universe::verify_mark_bits() {
1348   intptr_t mask = verify_mark_mask();
1349   intptr_t bits = (intptr_t)markWord::prototype().value();
1350   assert((bits & ~mask) == 0, "no stray header bits");
1351   return bits;
1352 }
1353 #endif // PRODUCT
1354 
1355 #ifdef ASSERT
1356 // Release dummy object(s) at bottom of heap
1357 bool Universe::release_fullgc_alot_dummy() {
1358   MutexLocker ml(FullGCALot_lock);
1359   objArrayOop fullgc_alot_dummy_array = (objArrayOop)_fullgc_alot_dummy_array.resolve();
1360   if (fullgc_alot_dummy_array != nullptr) {
1361     if (_fullgc_alot_dummy_next >= fullgc_alot_dummy_array->length()) {
1362       // No more dummies to release, release entire array instead
1363       _fullgc_alot_dummy_array.release(Universe::vm_global());
1364       _fullgc_alot_dummy_array = OopHandle(); // null out OopStorage pointer.
1365       return false;
1366     }
1367 
1368     // Release dummy at bottom of old generation
1369     fullgc_alot_dummy_array->obj_at_put(_fullgc_alot_dummy_next++, nullptr);
1370   }
1371   return true;
1372 }
1373 
1374 bool Universe::is_stw_gc_active() {
1375   return heap()->is_stw_gc_active();
1376 }
1377 
1378 bool Universe::is_in_heap(const void* p) {
1379   return heap()->is_in(p);
1380 }
1381 
1382 #endif // ASSERT
--- EOF ---