1 /*
  2  * Copyright (c) 1997, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  3  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  4  *
  5  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
  6  * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
  7  * published by the Free Software Foundation.
  8  *
  9  * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
 10  * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
 11  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
 12  * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
 13  * accompanied this code).
 14  *
 15  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
 16  * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
 17  * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
 18  *
 19  * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
 20  * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
 21  * questions.
 22  *
 23  */
 24 
 25 #ifndef SHARE_OOPS_CONSTANTPOOL_HPP
 26 #define SHARE_OOPS_CONSTANTPOOL_HPP
 27 
 28 #include "memory/allocation.hpp"
 29 #include "oops/arrayOop.hpp"
 30 #include "oops/cpCache.hpp"
 31 #include "oops/objArrayOop.hpp"
 32 #include "oops/oopHandle.hpp"
 33 #include "oops/symbol.hpp"
 34 #include "oops/typeArrayOop.hpp"
 35 #include "runtime/handles.hpp"
 36 #include "runtime/javaThread.hpp"
 37 #include "utilities/align.hpp"
 38 #include "utilities/bytes.hpp"
 39 #include "utilities/constantTag.hpp"
 40 #include "utilities/macros.hpp"
 41 #include "utilities/resourceHash.hpp"
 42 
 43 // A ConstantPool is an array containing class constants as described in the
 44 // class file.
 45 //
 46 // Most of the constant pool entries are written during class parsing, which
 47 // is safe.  For klass types, the constant pool entry is
 48 // modified when the entry is resolved.  If a klass constant pool
 49 // entry is read without a lock, only the resolved state guarantees that
 50 // the entry in the constant pool is a klass object and not a Symbol*.
 51 
 52 // This represents a JVM_CONSTANT_Class, JVM_CONSTANT_UnresolvedClass, or
 53 // JVM_CONSTANT_UnresolvedClassInError slot in the constant pool.
 54 class CPKlassSlot {
 55   // cp->symbol_at(_name_index) gives the name of the class.
 56   int _name_index;
 57 
 58   // cp->_resolved_klasses->at(_resolved_klass_index) gives the Klass* for the class.
 59   int _resolved_klass_index;
 60 public:
 61   enum {
 62     // This is used during constant pool merging where the resolved klass index is
 63     // not yet known, and will be computed at a later stage (during a call to
 64     // initialize_unresolved_klasses()).
 65     _temp_resolved_klass_index = 0xffff
 66   };
 67   CPKlassSlot(int n, int rk) {
 68     _name_index = n;
 69     _resolved_klass_index = rk;
 70   }
 71   int name_index() const {
 72     return _name_index;
 73   }
 74   int resolved_klass_index() const {
 75     assert(_resolved_klass_index != _temp_resolved_klass_index, "constant pool merging was incomplete");
 76     return _resolved_klass_index;
 77   }
 78 };
 79 
 80 class BSMAttributeEntry {
 81   friend class ConstantPool;
 82   u2 _bootstrap_method_index;
 83   u2 _argument_count;
 84 
 85   // The argument indexes are stored right after the object, in a contiguous array.
 86   // [ bsmi_0 argc_0 arg_00 arg_01 ... arg_0N bsmi_1 argc_1 arg_10 ... arg_1N ... ]
 87   // So in order to find the argument array, jump over ourselves.
 88   const u2* argument_indexes() const {
 89     return reinterpret_cast<const u2*>(this + 1);
 90   }
 91   u2* argument_indexes() {
 92     return reinterpret_cast<u2*>(this + 1);
 93   }
 94   // These are overlays on top of the operands array. Do not construct.
 95   BSMAttributeEntry() = delete;
 96 
 97 public:
 98   // Offsets for SA
 99   enum {
100     _bsmi_offset = 0,
101     _argc_offset = 1,
102     _argv_offset = 2
103   };
104 
105   int bootstrap_method_index() const {
106     return _bootstrap_method_index;
107   }
108   int argument_count() const {
109     return _argument_count;
110   }
111   int argument_index(int n) const {
112     assert(checked_cast<u2>(n) < _argument_count, "oob");
113     return argument_indexes()[n];
114   }
115 };
116 
117 class ConstantPool : public Metadata {
118   friend class VMStructs;
119   friend class JVMCIVMStructs;
120   friend class BytecodeInterpreter;  // Directly extracts a klass in the pool for fast instanceof/checkcast
121   friend class Universe;             // For null constructor
122   friend class AOTConstantPoolResolver;
123  private:
124   // If you add a new field that points to any metaspace object, you
125   // must add this field to ConstantPool::metaspace_pointers_do().
126   Array<u1>*           _tags;        // the tag array describing the constant pool's contents
127   ConstantPoolCache*   _cache;       // the cache holding interpreter runtime information
128   InstanceKlass*       _pool_holder; // the corresponding class
129   Array<u2>*           _operands;    // for variable-sized (InvokeDynamic) nodes, usually empty
130 
131   // Consider using an array of compressed klass pointers to
132   // save space on 64-bit platforms.
133   Array<Klass*>*       _resolved_klasses;
134 
135   u2              _major_version;        // major version number of class file
136   u2              _minor_version;        // minor version number of class file
137 
138   // Constant pool index to the utf8 entry of the Generic signature,
139   // or 0 if none.
140   u2              _generic_signature_index;
141   // Constant pool index to the utf8 entry for the name of source file
142   // containing this klass, 0 if not specified.
143   u2              _source_file_name_index;
144 
145   enum {
146     _has_preresolution    = 1,       // Flags
147     _on_stack             = 2,
148     _is_shared            = 4,
149     _has_dynamic_constant = 8,
150     _is_for_method_handle_intrinsic = 16
151   };
152 
153   u2              _flags;  // old fashioned bit twiddling
154 
155   int             _length; // number of elements in the array
156 
157   union {
158     // set for CDS to restore resolved references
159     int                _resolved_reference_length;
160     // keeps version number for redefined classes (used in backtrace)
161     int                _version;
162   } _saved;
163 
164   void set_tags(Array<u1>* tags)                 { _tags = tags; }
165   void tag_at_put(int cp_index, jbyte t)         { tags()->at_put(cp_index, t); }
166   void release_tag_at_put(int cp_index, jbyte t) { tags()->release_at_put(cp_index, t); }
167 
168   u1* tag_addr_at(int cp_index) const            { return tags()->adr_at(cp_index); }
169 
170   void set_operands(Array<u2>* operands)       { _operands = operands; }
171 
172   u2 flags() const                             { return _flags; }
173   void set_flags(u2 f)                         { _flags = f; }
174 
175  private:
176   intptr_t* base() const { return (intptr_t*) (((char*) this) + sizeof(ConstantPool)); }
177 
178   intptr_t* obj_at_addr(int cp_index) const {
179     assert(is_within_bounds(cp_index), "index out of bounds");
180     return (intptr_t*) &base()[cp_index];
181   }
182 
183   jint* int_at_addr(int cp_index) const {
184     assert(is_within_bounds(cp_index), "index out of bounds");
185     return (jint*) &base()[cp_index];
186   }
187 
188   jlong* long_at_addr(int cp_index) const {
189     assert(is_within_bounds(cp_index), "index out of bounds");
190     return (jlong*) &base()[cp_index];
191   }
192 
193   jfloat* float_at_addr(int cp_index) const {
194     assert(is_within_bounds(cp_index), "index out of bounds");
195     return (jfloat*) &base()[cp_index];
196   }
197 
198   jdouble* double_at_addr(int cp_index) const {
199     assert(is_within_bounds(cp_index), "index out of bounds");
200     return (jdouble*) &base()[cp_index];
201   }
202 
203   ConstantPool(Array<u1>* tags);
204   ConstantPool();
205  public:
206   static ConstantPool* allocate(ClassLoaderData* loader_data, int length, TRAPS);
207 
208   virtual bool is_constantPool() const      { return true; }
209 
210   Array<u1>* tags() const                   { return _tags; }
211   Array<u2>* operands() const               { return _operands; }
212 
213   bool has_preresolution() const            { return (_flags & _has_preresolution) != 0; }
214   void set_has_preresolution() {
215     assert(!is_shared(), "should never be called on shared ConstantPools");
216     _flags |= _has_preresolution;
217   }
218 
219   // minor and major version numbers of class file
220   u2 major_version() const                 { return _major_version; }
221   void set_major_version(u2 major_version) { _major_version = major_version; }
222   u2 minor_version() const                 { return _minor_version; }
223   void set_minor_version(u2 minor_version) { _minor_version = minor_version; }
224 
225   // generics support
226   Symbol* generic_signature() const {
227     return (_generic_signature_index == 0) ?
228       nullptr : symbol_at(_generic_signature_index);
229   }
230   u2 generic_signature_index() const                   { return _generic_signature_index; }
231   void set_generic_signature_index(u2 sig_index)       { _generic_signature_index = sig_index; }
232 
233   // source file name
234   Symbol* source_file_name() const {
235     return (_source_file_name_index == 0) ?
236       nullptr : symbol_at(_source_file_name_index);
237   }
238   u2 source_file_name_index() const                    { return _source_file_name_index; }
239   void set_source_file_name_index(u2 sourcefile_index) { _source_file_name_index = sourcefile_index; }
240 
241   void copy_fields(const ConstantPool* orig);
242 
243   // Redefine classes support.  If a method referring to this constant pool
244   // is on the executing stack, or as a handle in vm code, this constant pool
245   // can't be removed from the set of previous versions saved in the instance
246   // class.
247   bool on_stack() const;
248   bool is_maybe_on_stack() const;
249   void set_on_stack(const bool value);
250 
251   // Faster than MetaspaceObj::is_shared() - used by set_on_stack()
252   bool is_shared() const                     { return (_flags & _is_shared) != 0; }
253 
254   bool has_dynamic_constant() const       { return (_flags & _has_dynamic_constant) != 0; }
255   void set_has_dynamic_constant()         { _flags |= _has_dynamic_constant; }
256 
257   bool is_for_method_handle_intrinsic() const  { return (_flags & _is_for_method_handle_intrinsic) != 0; }
258   void set_is_for_method_handle_intrinsic()    { _flags |= _is_for_method_handle_intrinsic; }
259 
260   // Klass holding pool
261   InstanceKlass* pool_holder() const      { return _pool_holder; }
262   void set_pool_holder(InstanceKlass* k)  { _pool_holder = k; }
263   InstanceKlass** pool_holder_addr()      { return &_pool_holder; }
264 
265   // Interpreter runtime support
266   ConstantPoolCache* cache() const        { return _cache; }
267   void set_cache(ConstantPoolCache* cache){ _cache = cache; }
268 
269   virtual void metaspace_pointers_do(MetaspaceClosure* iter);
270   virtual MetaspaceObj::Type type() const { return ConstantPoolType; }
271 
272   // Create object cache in the constant pool
273   void initialize_resolved_references(ClassLoaderData* loader_data,
274                                       const intStack& reference_map,
275                                       int constant_pool_map_length,
276                                       TRAPS);
277 
278   // resolved strings, methodHandles and callsite objects from the constant pool
279   objArrayOop resolved_references()  const;
280   objArrayOop resolved_references_or_null()  const;
281   oop resolved_reference_at(int obj_index) const;
282   oop set_resolved_reference_at(int index, oop new_value);
283 
284   // mapping resolved object array indexes to cp indexes and back.
285   int object_to_cp_index(int index)         { return reference_map()->at(index); }
286   int cp_to_object_index(int index);
287 
288   void set_resolved_klasses(Array<Klass*>* rk)  { _resolved_klasses = rk; }
289   Array<Klass*>* resolved_klasses() const       { return _resolved_klasses; }
290   void allocate_resolved_klasses(ClassLoaderData* loader_data, int num_klasses, TRAPS);
291   void initialize_unresolved_klasses(ClassLoaderData* loader_data, TRAPS);
292 
293   // Given the per-instruction index of an indy instruction, report the
294   // main constant pool entry for its bootstrap specifier.
295   // From there, uncached_name/signature_ref_at will get the name/type.
296   inline u2 invokedynamic_bootstrap_ref_index_at(int indy_index) const;
297 
298   // Assembly code support
299   static ByteSize tags_offset()         { return byte_offset_of(ConstantPool, _tags); }
300   static ByteSize cache_offset()        { return byte_offset_of(ConstantPool, _cache); }
301   static ByteSize pool_holder_offset()  { return byte_offset_of(ConstantPool, _pool_holder); }
302   static ByteSize resolved_klasses_offset()    { return byte_offset_of(ConstantPool, _resolved_klasses); }
303 
304   // Storing constants
305 
306   // For temporary use while constructing constant pool
307   void klass_index_at_put(int cp_index, int name_index) {
308     tag_at_put(cp_index, JVM_CONSTANT_ClassIndex);
309     *int_at_addr(cp_index) = name_index;
310   }
311 
312   // Hidden class support:
313   void klass_at_put(int class_index, Klass* k);
314 
315   void unresolved_klass_at_put(int cp_index, int name_index, int resolved_klass_index) {
316     release_tag_at_put(cp_index, JVM_CONSTANT_UnresolvedClass);
317 
318     assert((name_index & 0xffff0000) == 0, "must be");
319     assert((resolved_klass_index & 0xffff0000) == 0, "must be");
320     *int_at_addr(cp_index) =
321       build_int_from_shorts((jushort)resolved_klass_index, (jushort)name_index);
322   }
323 
324   void method_handle_index_at_put(int cp_index, int ref_kind, int ref_index) {
325     tag_at_put(cp_index, JVM_CONSTANT_MethodHandle);
326     *int_at_addr(cp_index) = ((jint) ref_index<<16) | ref_kind;
327   }
328 
329   void method_type_index_at_put(int cp_index, int ref_index) {
330     tag_at_put(cp_index, JVM_CONSTANT_MethodType);
331     *int_at_addr(cp_index) = ref_index;
332   }
333 
334   void dynamic_constant_at_put(int cp_index, int bsms_attribute_index, int name_and_type_index) {
335     tag_at_put(cp_index, JVM_CONSTANT_Dynamic);
336     *int_at_addr(cp_index) = ((jint) name_and_type_index<<16) | bsms_attribute_index;
337   }
338 
339   void invoke_dynamic_at_put(int cp_index, int bsms_attribute_index, int name_and_type_index) {
340     tag_at_put(cp_index, JVM_CONSTANT_InvokeDynamic);
341     *int_at_addr(cp_index) = ((jint) name_and_type_index<<16) | bsms_attribute_index;
342   }
343 
344   void unresolved_string_at_put(int cp_index, Symbol* s) {
345     assert(s->refcount() != 0, "should have nonzero refcount");
346     // Note that release_tag_at_put is not needed here because this is called only
347     // when constructing a ConstantPool in a single thread, with no possibility
348     // of concurrent access.
349     tag_at_put(cp_index, JVM_CONSTANT_String);
350     *symbol_at_addr(cp_index) = s;
351   }
352 
353   void int_at_put(int cp_index, jint i) {
354     tag_at_put(cp_index, JVM_CONSTANT_Integer);
355     *int_at_addr(cp_index) = i;
356   }
357 
358   void long_at_put(int cp_index, jlong l) {
359     tag_at_put(cp_index, JVM_CONSTANT_Long);
360     // *long_at_addr(which) = l;
361     Bytes::put_native_u8((address)long_at_addr(cp_index), *((u8*) &l));
362   }
363 
364   void float_at_put(int cp_index, jfloat f) {
365     tag_at_put(cp_index, JVM_CONSTANT_Float);
366     *float_at_addr(cp_index) = f;
367   }
368 
369   void double_at_put(int cp_index, jdouble d) {
370     tag_at_put(cp_index, JVM_CONSTANT_Double);
371     // *double_at_addr(which) = d;
372     // u8 temp = *(u8*) &d;
373     Bytes::put_native_u8((address) double_at_addr(cp_index), *((u8*) &d));
374   }
375 
376   Symbol** symbol_at_addr(int cp_index) const {
377     assert(is_within_bounds(cp_index), "index out of bounds");
378     return (Symbol**) &base()[cp_index];
379   }
380 
381   void symbol_at_put(int cp_index, Symbol* s) {
382     assert(s->refcount() != 0, "should have nonzero refcount");
383     tag_at_put(cp_index, JVM_CONSTANT_Utf8);
384     *symbol_at_addr(cp_index) = s;
385   }
386 
387   void string_at_put(int obj_index, oop str);
388 
389   // For temporary use while constructing constant pool
390   void string_index_at_put(int cp_index, int string_index) {
391     tag_at_put(cp_index, JVM_CONSTANT_StringIndex);
392     *int_at_addr(cp_index) = string_index;
393   }
394 
395   void field_at_put(int cp_index, int class_index, int name_and_type_index) {
396     tag_at_put(cp_index, JVM_CONSTANT_Fieldref);
397     *int_at_addr(cp_index) = ((jint) name_and_type_index<<16) | class_index;
398   }
399 
400   void method_at_put(int cp_index, int class_index, int name_and_type_index) {
401     tag_at_put(cp_index, JVM_CONSTANT_Methodref);
402     *int_at_addr(cp_index) = ((jint) name_and_type_index<<16) | class_index;
403   }
404 
405   void interface_method_at_put(int cp_index, int class_index, int name_and_type_index) {
406     tag_at_put(cp_index, JVM_CONSTANT_InterfaceMethodref);
407     *int_at_addr(cp_index) = ((jint) name_and_type_index<<16) | class_index;  // Not so nice
408   }
409 
410   void name_and_type_at_put(int cp_index, int name_index, int signature_index) {
411     tag_at_put(cp_index, JVM_CONSTANT_NameAndType);
412     *int_at_addr(cp_index) = ((jint) signature_index<<16) | name_index;  // Not so nice
413   }
414 
415   // Tag query
416 
417   constantTag tag_at(int cp_index) const { return (constantTag)tags()->at_acquire(cp_index); }
418 
419   // Fetching constants
420 
421   Klass* klass_at(int cp_index, TRAPS) {
422     constantPoolHandle h_this(THREAD, this);
423     return klass_at_impl(h_this, cp_index, THREAD);
424   }
425 
426   CPKlassSlot klass_slot_at(int cp_index) const {
427     assert(tag_at(cp_index).is_unresolved_klass() || tag_at(cp_index).is_klass(),
428            "Corrupted constant pool");
429     int value = *int_at_addr(cp_index);
430     int name_index = extract_high_short_from_int(value);
431     int resolved_klass_index = extract_low_short_from_int(value);
432     return CPKlassSlot(name_index, resolved_klass_index);
433   }
434 
435   Symbol* klass_name_at(int cp_index) const;  // Returns the name, w/o resolving.
436   int klass_name_index_at(int cp_index) const {
437     return klass_slot_at(cp_index).name_index();
438   }
439 
440   Klass* resolved_klass_at(int cp_index) const;  // Used by Compiler
441 
442   // RedefineClasses() API support:
443   Symbol* klass_at_noresolve(int cp_index) { return klass_name_at(cp_index); }
444   void temp_unresolved_klass_at_put(int cp_index, int name_index) {
445     // Used only during constant pool merging for class redefinition. The resolved klass index
446     // will be initialized later by a call to initialize_unresolved_klasses().
447     unresolved_klass_at_put(cp_index, name_index, CPKlassSlot::_temp_resolved_klass_index);
448   }
449 
450   jint int_at(int cp_index) const {
451     assert(tag_at(cp_index).is_int(), "Corrupted constant pool");
452     return *int_at_addr(cp_index);
453   }
454 
455   jlong long_at(int cp_index) {
456     assert(tag_at(cp_index).is_long(), "Corrupted constant pool");
457     // return *long_at_addr(cp_index);
458     u8 tmp = Bytes::get_native_u8((address)&base()[cp_index]);
459     return *((jlong*)&tmp);
460   }
461 
462   jfloat float_at(int cp_index) {
463     assert(tag_at(cp_index).is_float(), "Corrupted constant pool");
464     return *float_at_addr(cp_index);
465   }
466 
467   jdouble double_at(int cp_index) {
468     assert(tag_at(cp_index).is_double(), "Corrupted constant pool");
469     u8 tmp = Bytes::get_native_u8((address)&base()[cp_index]);
470     return *((jdouble*)&tmp);
471   }
472 
473   Symbol* symbol_at(int cp_index) const {
474     assert(tag_at(cp_index).is_utf8(), "Corrupted constant pool");
475     return *symbol_at_addr(cp_index);
476   }
477 
478   oop string_at(int cp_index, int obj_index, TRAPS) {
479     constantPoolHandle h_this(THREAD, this);
480     return string_at_impl(h_this, cp_index, obj_index, THREAD);
481   }
482   oop string_at(int cp_index, TRAPS) {
483     int obj_index = cp_to_object_index(cp_index);
484     return string_at(cp_index, obj_index, THREAD);
485   }
486 
487   // Version that can be used before string oop array is created.
488   oop uncached_string_at(int cp_index, TRAPS);
489 
490   // only called when we are sure a string entry is already resolved (via an
491   // earlier string_at call.
492   oop resolved_string_at(int cp_index) {
493     assert(tag_at(cp_index).is_string(), "Corrupted constant pool");
494     // Must do an acquire here in case another thread resolved the klass
495     // behind our back, lest we later load stale values thru the oop.
496     // we might want a volatile_obj_at in ObjArrayKlass.
497     int obj_index = cp_to_object_index(cp_index);
498     return resolved_reference_at(obj_index);
499   }
500 
501   Symbol* unresolved_string_at(int cp_index) {
502     assert(tag_at(cp_index).is_string(), "Corrupted constant pool");
503     return *symbol_at_addr(cp_index);
504   }
505 
506   // Returns an UTF8 for a CONSTANT_String entry at a given index.
507   // UTF8 char* representation was chosen to avoid conversion of
508   // java_lang_Strings at resolved entries into Symbol*s
509   // or vice versa.
510   char* string_at_noresolve(int cp_index);
511 
512   jint name_and_type_at(int cp_index) {
513     assert(tag_at(cp_index).is_name_and_type(), "Corrupted constant pool");
514     return *int_at_addr(cp_index);
515   }
516 
517   int method_handle_ref_kind_at(int cp_index) {
518     assert(tag_at(cp_index).is_method_handle() ||
519            tag_at(cp_index).is_method_handle_in_error(), "Corrupted constant pool");
520     return extract_low_short_from_int(*int_at_addr(cp_index));  // mask out unwanted ref_index bits
521   }
522   int method_handle_index_at(int cp_index) {
523     assert(tag_at(cp_index).is_method_handle() ||
524            tag_at(cp_index).is_method_handle_in_error(), "Corrupted constant pool");
525     return extract_high_short_from_int(*int_at_addr(cp_index));  // shift out unwanted ref_kind bits
526   }
527   int method_type_index_at(int cp_index) {
528     assert(tag_at(cp_index).is_method_type() ||
529            tag_at(cp_index).is_method_type_in_error(), "Corrupted constant pool");
530     return *int_at_addr(cp_index);
531   }
532 
533   // Derived queries:
534   Symbol* method_handle_name_ref_at(int cp_index) {
535     int member = method_handle_index_at(cp_index);
536     return uncached_name_ref_at(member);
537   }
538   Symbol* method_handle_signature_ref_at(int cp_index) {
539     int member = method_handle_index_at(cp_index);
540     return uncached_signature_ref_at(member);
541   }
542   u2 method_handle_klass_index_at(int cp_index) {
543     int member = method_handle_index_at(cp_index);
544     return uncached_klass_ref_index_at(member);
545   }
546   Symbol* method_type_signature_at(int cp_index) {
547     int sym = method_type_index_at(cp_index);
548     return symbol_at(sym);
549   }
550 
551   u2 bootstrap_name_and_type_ref_index_at(int cp_index) {
552     assert(tag_at(cp_index).has_bootstrap(), "Corrupted constant pool");
553     return extract_high_short_from_int(*int_at_addr(cp_index));
554   }
555   u2 bootstrap_methods_attribute_index(int cp_index) {
556     assert(tag_at(cp_index).has_bootstrap(), "Corrupted constant pool");
557     return extract_low_short_from_int(*int_at_addr(cp_index));
558   }
559   // The first part of the operands array consists of an index into the second part.
560   // Extract a 32-bit index value from the first part.
561   static int operand_offset_at(Array<u2>* operands, int bsms_attribute_index) {
562     int n = (bsms_attribute_index * 2);
563     assert(n >= 0 && n+2 <= operands->length(), "oob");
564     // The first 32-bit index points to the beginning of the second part
565     // of the operands array.  Make sure this index is in the first part.
566     DEBUG_ONLY(int second_part = build_int_from_shorts(operands->at(0),
567                                                        operands->at(1)));
568     assert(second_part == 0 || n+2 <= second_part, "oob (2)");
569     int offset = build_int_from_shorts(operands->at(n+0),
570                                        operands->at(n+1));
571     // The offset itself must point into the second part of the array.
572     assert(offset == 0 || (offset >= second_part && offset <= operands->length()), "oob (3)");
573     return offset;
574   }
575   static void operand_offset_at_put(Array<u2>* operands, int bsms_attribute_index, int offset) {
576     int n = bsms_attribute_index * 2;
577     assert(n >= 0 && n+2 <= operands->length(), "oob");
578     operands->at_put(n+0, extract_low_short_from_int(offset));
579     operands->at_put(n+1, extract_high_short_from_int(offset));
580   }
581   static int operand_array_length(Array<u2>* operands) {
582     if (operands == nullptr || operands->length() == 0)  return 0;
583     int second_part = operand_offset_at(operands, 0);
584     return (second_part / 2);
585   }
586 
587 #ifdef ASSERT
588   // operand tuples fit together exactly, end to end
589   static int operand_limit_at(Array<u2>* operands, int bsms_attribute_index) {
590     int nextidx = bsms_attribute_index + 1;
591     if (nextidx == operand_array_length(operands))
592       return operands->length();
593     else
594       return operand_offset_at(operands, nextidx);
595   }
596 #endif //ASSERT
597 
598   // These functions are used in RedefineClasses for CP merge
599   int operand_offset_at(int bsms_attribute_index) {
600     assert(0 <= bsms_attribute_index &&
601            bsms_attribute_index < operand_array_length(operands()),
602            "Corrupted CP operands");
603     return operand_offset_at(operands(), bsms_attribute_index);
604   }
605 
606   BSMAttributeEntry* bsm_attribute_entry(int bsms_attribute_index) {
607     int offset = operand_offset_at(bsms_attribute_index);
608     return reinterpret_cast<BSMAttributeEntry*>(operands()->adr_at(offset));
609   }
610 
611   int operand_next_offset_at(int bsms_attribute_index) {
612     BSMAttributeEntry* bsme = bsm_attribute_entry(bsms_attribute_index);
613     u2* argv_start = bsme->argument_indexes();
614     int offset = argv_start - operands()->data();
615     return offset + bsme->argument_count();
616   }
617   // Compare a bootstrap specifier data in the operands arrays
618   bool compare_operand_to(int bsms_attribute_index1, const constantPoolHandle& cp2,
619                           int bsms_attribute_index2);
620   // Find a bootstrap specifier data in the operands array
621   int find_matching_operand(int bsms_attribute_index, const constantPoolHandle& search_cp,
622                             int operands_cur_len);
623   // Resize the operands array with delta_len and delta_size
624   void resize_operands(int delta_len, int delta_size, TRAPS);
625   // Extend the operands array with the length and size of the ext_cp operands
626   void extend_operands(const constantPoolHandle& ext_cp, TRAPS);
627   // Shrink the operands array to a smaller array with new_len length
628   void shrink_operands(int new_len, TRAPS);
629 
630   u2 bootstrap_method_ref_index_at(int cp_index) {
631     assert(tag_at(cp_index).has_bootstrap(), "Corrupted constant pool");
632     int bsmai = bootstrap_methods_attribute_index(cp_index);
633     return bsm_attribute_entry(bsmai)->bootstrap_method_index();
634   }
635   u2 bootstrap_argument_count_at(int cp_index) {
636     assert(tag_at(cp_index).has_bootstrap(), "Corrupted constant pool");
637     int bsmai = bootstrap_methods_attribute_index(cp_index);
638     return bsm_attribute_entry(bsmai)->argument_count();
639   }
640   u2 bootstrap_argument_index_at(int cp_index, int j) {
641     int bsmai = bootstrap_methods_attribute_index(cp_index);
642     BSMAttributeEntry* bsme = bsm_attribute_entry(bsmai);
643     assert((uint)j < (uint)bsme->argument_count(), "oob");
644     return bsm_attribute_entry(bsmai)->argument_index(j);
645   }
646 
647   // The following methods (name/signature/klass_ref_at, klass_ref_at_noresolve,
648   // name_and_type_ref_index_at) all expect to be passed indices obtained
649   // directly from the bytecode.
650   // If the indices are meant to refer to fields or methods, they are
651   // actually rewritten indices that point to entries in their respective structures
652   // i.e. ResolvedMethodEntries or ResolvedFieldEntries.
653   // The routine to_cp_index manages the adjustment
654   // of these values back to constant pool indices.
655 
656   // There are also "uncached" versions which do not adjust the operand index; see below.
657 
658   // Lookup for entries consisting of (klass_index, name_and_type index)
659   Klass* klass_ref_at(int which, Bytecodes::Code code, TRAPS);
660   Symbol* klass_ref_at_noresolve(int which, Bytecodes::Code code);
661   Symbol* name_ref_at(int which, Bytecodes::Code code) {
662     int name_index = name_ref_index_at(name_and_type_ref_index_at(which, code));
663     return symbol_at(name_index);
664   }
665   Symbol* signature_ref_at(int which, Bytecodes::Code code) {
666     int signature_index = signature_ref_index_at(name_and_type_ref_index_at(which, code));
667     return symbol_at(signature_index);
668   }
669 
670   u2 klass_ref_index_at(int which, Bytecodes::Code code);
671   u2 name_and_type_ref_index_at(int which, Bytecodes::Code code);
672 
673   constantTag tag_ref_at(int cp_cache_index, Bytecodes::Code code);
674 
675   int to_cp_index(int which, Bytecodes::Code code);
676 
677   bool is_resolved(int which, Bytecodes::Code code);
678 
679   // Lookup for entries consisting of (name_index, signature_index)
680   u2 name_ref_index_at(int cp_index);            // ==  low-order jshort of name_and_type_at(cp_index)
681   u2 signature_ref_index_at(int cp_index);       // == high-order jshort of name_and_type_at(cp_index)
682 
683   BasicType basic_type_for_signature_at(int cp_index) const;
684 
685   // Resolve string constants (to prevent allocation during compilation)
686   void resolve_string_constants(TRAPS) {
687     constantPoolHandle h_this(THREAD, this);
688     resolve_string_constants_impl(h_this, CHECK);
689   }
690 
691 #if INCLUDE_CDS
692   // CDS support
693   objArrayOop prepare_resolved_references_for_archiving() NOT_CDS_JAVA_HEAP_RETURN_(nullptr);
694   void remove_unshareable_info();
695   void restore_unshareable_info(TRAPS);
696 private:
697   void remove_unshareable_entries();
698   void remove_resolved_klass_if_non_deterministic(int cp_index);
699   template <typename Function> void iterate_archivable_resolved_references(Function function);
700 #endif
701 
702  private:
703   enum { _no_index_sentinel = -1, _possible_index_sentinel = -2 };
704  public:
705 
706   // Get the tag for a constant, which may involve a constant dynamic
707   constantTag constant_tag_at(int cp_index);
708   // Get the basic type for a constant, which may involve a constant dynamic
709   BasicType basic_type_for_constant_at(int cp_index);
710 
711   // Resolve late bound constants.
712   oop resolve_constant_at(int cp_index, TRAPS) {
713     constantPoolHandle h_this(THREAD, this);
714     return resolve_constant_at_impl(h_this, cp_index, _no_index_sentinel, nullptr, THREAD);
715   }
716 
717   oop resolve_cached_constant_at(int cache_index, TRAPS) {
718     constantPoolHandle h_this(THREAD, this);
719     return resolve_constant_at_impl(h_this, _no_index_sentinel, cache_index, nullptr, THREAD);
720   }
721 
722   oop resolve_possibly_cached_constant_at(int cp_index, TRAPS) {
723     constantPoolHandle h_this(THREAD, this);
724     return resolve_constant_at_impl(h_this, cp_index, _possible_index_sentinel, nullptr, THREAD);
725   }
726 
727   oop find_cached_constant_at(int cp_index, bool& found_it, TRAPS) {
728     constantPoolHandle h_this(THREAD, this);
729     return resolve_constant_at_impl(h_this, cp_index, _possible_index_sentinel, &found_it, THREAD);
730   }
731 
732   void copy_bootstrap_arguments_at(int cp_index,
733                                    int start_arg, int end_arg,
734                                    objArrayHandle info, int pos,
735                                    bool must_resolve, Handle if_not_available, TRAPS) {
736     constantPoolHandle h_this(THREAD, this);
737     copy_bootstrap_arguments_at_impl(h_this, cp_index, start_arg, end_arg,
738                                      info, pos, must_resolve, if_not_available, THREAD);
739   }
740 
741   // Klass name matches name at offset
742   bool klass_name_at_matches(const InstanceKlass* k, int cp_index);
743 
744   // Sizing
745   int length() const                   { return _length; }
746   void set_length(int length)          { _length = length; }
747 
748   // Tells whether index is within bounds.
749   bool is_within_bounds(int index) const {
750     return 0 <= index && index < length();
751   }
752 
753   // Sizing (in words)
754   static int header_size()             {
755     return align_up((int)sizeof(ConstantPool), wordSize) / wordSize;
756   }
757   static int size(int length)          { return align_metadata_size(header_size() + length); }
758   int size() const                     { return size(length()); }
759 
760   // ConstantPools should be stored in the read-only region of CDS archive.
761   static bool is_read_only_by_default() { return true; }
762 
763   friend class ClassFileParser;
764   friend class SystemDictionary;
765 
766   // Used by CDS. These classes need to access the private ConstantPool() constructor.
767   template <class T> friend class CppVtableTesterA;
768   template <class T> friend class CppVtableTesterB;
769   template <class T> friend class CppVtableCloner;
770 
771   // Used by compiler to prevent classloading.
772   static Method*          method_at_if_loaded      (const constantPoolHandle& this_cp, int which);
773   static bool       has_appendix_at_if_loaded      (const constantPoolHandle& this_cp, int which, Bytecodes::Code code);
774   static oop            appendix_at_if_loaded      (const constantPoolHandle& this_cp, int which, Bytecodes::Code code);
775   static bool has_local_signature_at_if_loaded     (const constantPoolHandle& this_cp, int which, Bytecodes::Code code);
776   static Klass*            klass_at_if_loaded      (const constantPoolHandle& this_cp, int which);
777 
778   // Routines currently used for annotations (only called by jvm.cpp) but which might be used in the
779   // future by other Java code. These take constant pool indices rather than
780   // constant pool cache indices as do the peer methods above.
781   Symbol* uncached_klass_ref_at_noresolve(int cp_index);
782   Symbol* uncached_name_ref_at(int cp_index) {
783     int name_index = name_ref_index_at(uncached_name_and_type_ref_index_at(cp_index));
784     return symbol_at(name_index);
785   }
786   Symbol* uncached_signature_ref_at(int cp_index) {
787     int signature_index = signature_ref_index_at(uncached_name_and_type_ref_index_at(cp_index));
788     return symbol_at(signature_index);
789   }
790   u2 uncached_klass_ref_index_at(int cp_index);
791   u2 uncached_name_and_type_ref_index_at(int cp_index);
792 
793   // Sharing
794   int pre_resolve_shared_klasses(TRAPS);
795 
796   // Debugging
797   const char* printable_name_at(int cp_index) PRODUCT_RETURN_NULL;
798 
799  private:
800 
801   void set_resolved_references(OopHandle s) { _cache->set_resolved_references(s); }
802   Array<u2>* reference_map() const        {  return (_cache == nullptr) ? nullptr :  _cache->reference_map(); }
803   void set_reference_map(Array<u2>* o)    { _cache->set_reference_map(o); }
804 
805   // Used while constructing constant pool (only by ClassFileParser)
806   jint klass_index_at(int cp_index) {
807     assert(tag_at(cp_index).is_klass_index(), "Corrupted constant pool");
808     return *int_at_addr(cp_index);
809   }
810 
811   jint string_index_at(int cp_index) {
812     assert(tag_at(cp_index).is_string_index(), "Corrupted constant pool");
813     return *int_at_addr(cp_index);
814   }
815 
816   // Performs the LinkResolver checks
817   static void verify_constant_pool_resolve(const constantPoolHandle& this_cp, Klass* klass, TRAPS);
818 
819   // Implementation of methods that needs an exposed 'this' pointer, in order to
820   // handle GC while executing the method
821   static Klass* klass_at_impl(const constantPoolHandle& this_cp, int cp_index, TRAPS);
822   static oop string_at_impl(const constantPoolHandle& this_cp, int cp_index, int obj_index, TRAPS);
823 
824   static void trace_class_resolution(const constantPoolHandle& this_cp, Klass* k);
825 
826   // Resolve string constants (to prevent allocation during compilation)
827   static void resolve_string_constants_impl(const constantPoolHandle& this_cp, TRAPS);
828 
829   static oop resolve_constant_at_impl(const constantPoolHandle& this_cp, int cp_index, int cache_index,
830                                       bool* status_return, TRAPS);
831   static void copy_bootstrap_arguments_at_impl(const constantPoolHandle& this_cp, int cp_index,
832                                                int start_arg, int end_arg,
833                                                objArrayHandle info, int pos,
834                                                bool must_resolve, Handle if_not_available, TRAPS);
835 
836   // Exception handling
837   static void save_and_throw_exception(const constantPoolHandle& this_cp, int cp_index, constantTag tag, TRAPS);
838 
839  public:
840   // Exception handling
841   static void throw_resolution_error(const constantPoolHandle& this_cp, int which, TRAPS);
842 
843   // Merging ConstantPool* support:
844   bool compare_entry_to(int index1, const constantPoolHandle& cp2, int index2);
845   void copy_cp_to(int start_cpi, int end_cpi, const constantPoolHandle& to_cp, int to_cpi, TRAPS) {
846     constantPoolHandle h_this(THREAD, this);
847     copy_cp_to_impl(h_this, start_cpi, end_cpi, to_cp, to_cpi, THREAD);
848   }
849   static void copy_cp_to_impl(const constantPoolHandle& from_cp, int start_cpi, int end_cpi, const constantPoolHandle& to_cp, int to_cpi, TRAPS);
850   static void copy_entry_to(const constantPoolHandle& from_cp, int from_cpi, const constantPoolHandle& to_cp, int to_cpi);
851   static void copy_operands(const constantPoolHandle& from_cp, const constantPoolHandle& to_cp, TRAPS);
852   int  find_matching_entry(int pattern_i, const constantPoolHandle& search_cp);
853   int  version() const                    { return _saved._version; }
854   void set_version(int version)           { _saved._version = version; }
855   void increment_and_save_version(int version) {
856     _saved._version = version >= 0 ? (version + 1) : version;  // keep overflow
857   }
858 
859   void set_resolved_reference_length(int length) { _saved._resolved_reference_length = length; }
860   int  resolved_reference_length() const  { return _saved._resolved_reference_length; }
861 
862   // Decrease ref counts of symbols that are in the constant pool
863   // when the holder class is unloaded
864   void unreference_symbols();
865 
866   // Deallocate constant pool for RedefineClasses
867   void deallocate_contents(ClassLoaderData* loader_data);
868   void release_C_heap_structures();
869 
870   // JVMTI access - GetConstantPool, RetransformClasses, ...
871   friend class JvmtiConstantPoolReconstituter;
872 
873  private:
874   class SymbolHash: public CHeapObj<mtSymbol> {
875     ResourceHashtable<const Symbol*, u2, 256, AnyObj::C_HEAP, mtSymbol, Symbol::compute_hash> _table;
876 
877    public:
878     void add_if_absent(const Symbol* sym, u2 value) {
879       bool created;
880       _table.put_if_absent(sym, value, &created);
881     }
882 
883     u2 symbol_to_value(const Symbol* sym) {
884       u2* value = _table.get(sym);
885       return (value == nullptr) ? 0 : *value;
886     }
887   }; // End SymbolHash class
888 
889   jint cpool_entry_size(jint idx);
890   jint hash_entries_to(SymbolHash *symmap, SymbolHash *classmap);
891 
892   // Copy cpool bytes into byte array.
893   // Returns:
894   //  int > 0, count of the raw cpool bytes that have been copied
895   //        0, OutOfMemory error
896   //       -1, Internal error
897   int  copy_cpool_bytes(int cpool_size,
898                         SymbolHash* tbl,
899                         unsigned char *bytes);
900 
901  public:
902   // Verify
903   void verify_on(outputStream* st);
904 
905   // Printing
906   void print_on(outputStream* st) const;
907   void print_value_on(outputStream* st) const;
908   void print_entry_on(int index, outputStream* st);
909 
910   const char* internal_name() const { return "{constant pool}"; }
911 
912   // ResolvedFieldEntry getters
913   inline ResolvedFieldEntry* resolved_field_entry_at(int field_index);
914   inline int resolved_field_entries_length() const;
915 
916   // ResolvedMethodEntry getters
917   inline ResolvedMethodEntry* resolved_method_entry_at(int method_index);
918   inline int resolved_method_entries_length() const;
919   inline oop appendix_if_resolved(int method_index) const;
920 
921   // ResolvedIndyEntry getters
922   inline ResolvedIndyEntry* resolved_indy_entry_at(int index);
923   inline int resolved_indy_entries_length() const;
924   inline oop resolved_reference_from_indy(int index) const;
925   inline oop resolved_reference_from_method(int index) const;
926 };
927 
928 #endif // SHARE_OOPS_CONSTANTPOOL_HPP