1 /*
  2  * Copyright (c) 1997, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  3  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  4  *
  5  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
  6  * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
  7  * published by the Free Software Foundation.
  8  *
  9  * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
 10  * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
 11  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
 12  * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
 13  * accompanied this code).
 14  *
 15  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
 16  * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
 17  * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
 18  *
 19  * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
 20  * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
 21  * questions.
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 23  */
 24 
 25 #ifndef SHARE_OOPS_KLASS_HPP
 26 #define SHARE_OOPS_KLASS_HPP
 27 
 28 #include "memory/iterator.hpp"
 29 #include "memory/memRegion.hpp"
 30 #include "oops/markWord.hpp"
 31 #include "oops/metadata.hpp"
 32 #include "oops/oop.hpp"
 33 #include "oops/oopHandle.hpp"
 34 #include "utilities/accessFlags.hpp"
 35 #include "utilities/macros.hpp"
 36 #if INCLUDE_JFR
 37 #include "jfr/support/jfrTraceIdExtension.hpp"
 38 #endif
 39 
 40 //
 41 // A Klass provides:
 42 //  1: language level class object (method dictionary etc.)
 43 //  2: provide vm dispatch behavior for the object
 44 // Both functions are combined into one C++ class.
 45 
 46 // One reason for the oop/klass dichotomy in the implementation is
 47 // that we don't want a C++ vtbl pointer in every object.  Thus,
 48 // normal oops don't have any virtual functions.  Instead, they
 49 // forward all "virtual" functions to their klass, which does have
 50 // a vtbl and does the C++ dispatch depending on the object's
 51 // actual type.  (See oop.inline.hpp for some of the forwarding code.)
 52 // ALL FUNCTIONS IMPLEMENTING THIS DISPATCH ARE PREFIXED WITH "oop_"!
 53 
 54 // Forward declarations.
 55 template <class T> class Array;
 56 template <class T> class GrowableArray;
 57 class ClassLoaderData;
 58 class fieldDescriptor;
 59 class klassVtable;
 60 class ModuleEntry;
 61 class PackageEntry;
 62 class ParCompactionManager;
 63 class PSPromotionManager;
 64 class vtableEntry;
 65 
 66 class Klass : public Metadata {
 67   friend class VMStructs;
 68   friend class JVMCIVMStructs;
 69  public:
 70   // Klass Kinds for all subclasses of Klass
 71   enum KlassKind {
 72     InstanceKlassKind,
 73     InlineKlassKind,
 74     InstanceRefKlassKind,
 75     InstanceMirrorKlassKind,
 76     InstanceClassLoaderKlassKind,
 77     InstanceStackChunkKlassKind,
 78     TypeArrayKlassKind,
 79     FlatArrayKlassKind,
 80     ObjArrayKlassKind,
 81     UnknownKlassKind
 82   };
 83 
 84   static const uint KLASS_KIND_COUNT = ObjArrayKlassKind + 1;
 85  protected:
 86 
 87   // If you add a new field that points to any metaspace object, you
 88   // must add this field to Klass::metaspace_pointers_do().
 89 
 90   // note: put frequently-used fields together at start of klass structure
 91   // for better cache behavior (may not make much of a difference but sure won't hurt)
 92   enum { _primary_super_limit = 8 };
 93 
 94   // The "layout helper" is a combined descriptor of object layout.
 95   // For klasses which are neither instance nor array, the value is zero.
 96   //
 97   // For instances, layout helper is a positive number, the instance size.
 98   // This size is already passed through align_object_size and scaled to bytes.
 99   // The low order bit is set if instances of this class cannot be
100   // allocated using the fastpath.
101   //
102   // For arrays, layout helper is a negative number, containing four
103   // distinct bytes, as follows:
104   //    MSB:[tag, hsz, ebt, log2(esz)]:LSB
105   // where:
106   //    tag is 0x80 if the elements are oops, 0xC0 if non-oops, 0xA0 if value types
107   //    hsz is array header size in bytes (i.e., offset of first element)
108   //    ebt is the BasicType of the elements
109   //    esz is the element size in bytes
110   // This packed word is arranged so as to be quickly unpacked by the
111   // various fast paths that use the various subfields.
112   //
113   // The esz bits can be used directly by a SLL instruction, without masking.
114   //
115   // Note that the array-kind tag looks like 0x00 for instance klasses,
116   // since their length in bytes is always less than 24Mb.
117   //
118   // Final note:  This comes first, immediately after C++ vtable,
119   // because it is frequently queried.
120   jint        _layout_helper;
121 
122   // Klass kind used to resolve the runtime type of the instance.
123   //  - Used to implement devirtualized oop closure dispatching.
124   //  - Various type checking in the JVM
125   const KlassKind _kind;
126 
127   // Processed access flags, for use by Class.getModifiers.
128   jint        _modifier_flags;
129 
130   // The fields _super_check_offset, _secondary_super_cache, _secondary_supers
131   // and _primary_supers all help make fast subtype checks.  See big discussion
132   // in doc/server_compiler/checktype.txt
133   //
134   // Where to look to observe a supertype (it is &_secondary_super_cache for
135   // secondary supers, else is &_primary_supers[depth()].
136   juint       _super_check_offset;
137 
138   // Class name.  Instance classes: java/lang/String, etc.  Array classes: [I,
139   // [Ljava/lang/String;, etc.  Set to zero for all other kinds of classes.
140   Symbol*     _name;
141 
142   // Cache of last observed secondary supertype
143   Klass*      _secondary_super_cache;
144   // Array of all secondary supertypes
145   Array<Klass*>* _secondary_supers;
146   // Ordered list of all primary supertypes
147   Klass*      _primary_supers[_primary_super_limit];
148   // java/lang/Class instance mirroring this class
149   OopHandle   _java_mirror;
150   // Superclass
151   Klass*      _super;
152   // First subclass (null if none); _subklass->next_sibling() is next one
153   Klass* volatile _subklass;
154   // Sibling link (or null); links all subklasses of a klass
155   Klass* volatile _next_sibling;
156 
157   // All klasses loaded by a class loader are chained through these links
158   Klass*      _next_link;
159 
160   // The VM's representation of the ClassLoader used to load this class.
161   // Provide access the corresponding instance java.lang.ClassLoader.
162   ClassLoaderData* _class_loader_data;
163 
164   int _vtable_len;              // vtable length. This field may be read very often when we
165                                 // have lots of itable dispatches (e.g., lambdas and streams).
166                                 // Keep it away from the beginning of a Klass to avoid cacheline
167                                 // contention that may happen when a nearby object is modified.
168   AccessFlags _access_flags;    // Access flags. The class/interface distinction is stored here.
169 
170   JFR_ONLY(DEFINE_TRACE_ID_FIELD;)
171 
172   markWord _prototype_header;  // inline type and inline array mark patterns
173 private:
174   // This is an index into FileMapHeader::_shared_path_table[], to
175   // associate this class with the JAR file where it's loaded from during
176   // dump time. If a class is not loaded from the shared archive, this field is
177   // -1.
178   s2 _shared_class_path_index;
179 
180 #if INCLUDE_CDS
181   // Various attributes for shared classes. Should be zero for a non-shared class.
182   u2     _shared_class_flags;
183   enum CDSSharedClassFlags {
184     _is_shared_class                       = 1 << 0,  // shadows MetaspaceObj::is_shared
185     _archived_lambda_proxy_is_available    = 1 << 1,
186     _has_value_based_class_annotation      = 1 << 2,
187     _verified_at_dump_time                 = 1 << 3,
188     _has_archived_enum_objs                = 1 << 4,
189     // This class was not loaded from a classfile in the module image
190     // or classpath.
191     _is_generated_shared_class             = 1 << 5
192   };
193 #endif
194 
195   CDS_JAVA_HEAP_ONLY(int _archived_mirror_index;)
196 
197 protected:
198 
199   Klass(KlassKind kind);
200   Klass();
201 
202   void* operator new(size_t size, ClassLoaderData* loader_data, size_t word_size, TRAPS) throw();
203 
204  public:
205   int kind() { return _kind; }
206 
207   enum class DefaultsLookupMode { find, skip };
208   enum class OverpassLookupMode { find, skip };
209   enum class StaticLookupMode   { find, skip };
210   enum class PrivateLookupMode  { find, skip };
211 
212   virtual bool is_klass() const { return true; }
213 
214   // super() cannot be InstanceKlass* -- Java arrays are covariant, and _super is used
215   // to implement that. NB: the _super of "[Ljava/lang/Integer;" is "[Ljava/lang/Number;"
216   // If this is not what your code expects, you're probably looking for Klass::java_super().
217   Klass* super() const               { return _super; }
218   void set_super(Klass* k)           { _super = k; }
219 
220   // initializes _super link, _primary_supers & _secondary_supers arrays
221   void initialize_supers(Klass* k, Array<InstanceKlass*>* transitive_interfaces, TRAPS);
222 
223   // klass-specific helper for initializing _secondary_supers
224   virtual GrowableArray<Klass*>* compute_secondary_supers(int num_extra_slots,
225                                                           Array<InstanceKlass*>* transitive_interfaces);
226 
227   // java_super is the Java-level super type as specified by Class.getSuperClass.
228   virtual InstanceKlass* java_super() const  { return nullptr; }
229 
230   juint    super_check_offset() const  { return _super_check_offset; }
231   void set_super_check_offset(juint o) { _super_check_offset = o; }
232 
233   Klass* secondary_super_cache() const     { return _secondary_super_cache; }
234   void set_secondary_super_cache(Klass* k) { _secondary_super_cache = k; }
235 
236   Array<Klass*>* secondary_supers() const { return _secondary_supers; }
237   void set_secondary_supers(Array<Klass*>* k) { _secondary_supers = k; }
238 
239   // Return the element of the _super chain of the given depth.
240   // If there is no such element, return either null or this.
241   Klass* primary_super_of_depth(juint i) const {
242     assert(i < primary_super_limit(), "oob");
243     Klass* super = _primary_supers[i];
244     assert(super == nullptr || super->super_depth() == i, "correct display");
245     return super;
246   }
247 
248   // Can this klass be a primary super?  False for interfaces and arrays of
249   // interfaces.  False also for arrays or classes with long super chains.
250   bool can_be_primary_super() const {
251     const juint secondary_offset = in_bytes(secondary_super_cache_offset());
252     return super_check_offset() != secondary_offset;
253   }
254   virtual bool can_be_primary_super_slow() const;
255 
256   // Returns number of primary supers; may be a number in the inclusive range [0, primary_super_limit].
257   juint super_depth() const {
258     if (!can_be_primary_super()) {
259       return primary_super_limit();
260     } else {
261       juint d = (super_check_offset() - in_bytes(primary_supers_offset())) / sizeof(Klass*);
262       assert(d < primary_super_limit(), "oob");
263       assert(_primary_supers[d] == this, "proper init");
264       return d;
265     }
266   }
267 
268   // java mirror
269   oop java_mirror() const;
270   oop java_mirror_no_keepalive() const;
271   void set_java_mirror(Handle m);
272 
273   oop archived_java_mirror() NOT_CDS_JAVA_HEAP_RETURN_(nullptr);
274   void set_archived_java_mirror(int mirror_index) NOT_CDS_JAVA_HEAP_RETURN;
275 
276   // Temporary mirror switch used by RedefineClasses
277   OopHandle java_mirror_handle() const { return _java_mirror; }
278   void swap_java_mirror_handle(OopHandle& mirror) { _java_mirror.swap(mirror); }
279 
280   // Set java mirror OopHandle to null for CDS
281   // This leaves the OopHandle in the CLD, but that's ok, you can't release them.
282   void clear_java_mirror_handle() { _java_mirror = OopHandle(); }
283 
284   // modifier flags
285   jint modifier_flags() const          { return _modifier_flags; }
286   void set_modifier_flags(jint flags)  { _modifier_flags = flags; }
287 
288   // size helper
289   int layout_helper() const            { return _layout_helper; }
290   void set_layout_helper(int lh)       { _layout_helper = lh; }
291 
292   // Note: for instances layout_helper() may include padding.
293   // Use InstanceKlass::contains_field_offset to classify field offsets.
294 
295   // sub/superklass links
296   Klass* subklass(bool log = false) const;
297   Klass* next_sibling(bool log = false) const;
298 
299   InstanceKlass* superklass() const;
300   void append_to_sibling_list();           // add newly created receiver to superklass' subklass list
301 
302   void set_next_link(Klass* k) { _next_link = k; }
303   Klass* next_link() const { return _next_link; }   // The next klass defined by the class loader.
304   Klass** next_link_addr() { return &_next_link; }
305 
306   // class loader data
307   ClassLoaderData* class_loader_data() const               { return _class_loader_data; }
308   void set_class_loader_data(ClassLoaderData* loader_data) {  _class_loader_data = loader_data; }
309 
310   s2 shared_classpath_index() const   {
311     return _shared_class_path_index;
312   };
313 
314   void set_shared_classpath_index(s2 index) {
315     _shared_class_path_index = index;
316   };
317 
318   bool has_archived_mirror_index() const {
319     CDS_JAVA_HEAP_ONLY(return _archived_mirror_index >= 0;)
320     NOT_CDS_JAVA_HEAP(return false);
321   }
322 
323   void clear_archived_mirror_index() NOT_CDS_JAVA_HEAP_RETURN;
324 
325   void set_lambda_proxy_is_available() {
326     CDS_ONLY(_shared_class_flags |= _archived_lambda_proxy_is_available;)
327   }
328   void clear_lambda_proxy_is_available() {
329     CDS_ONLY(_shared_class_flags &= (u2)(~_archived_lambda_proxy_is_available);)
330   }
331   bool lambda_proxy_is_available() const {
332     CDS_ONLY(return (_shared_class_flags & _archived_lambda_proxy_is_available) != 0;)
333     NOT_CDS(return false;)
334   }
335 
336   void set_has_value_based_class_annotation() {
337     CDS_ONLY(_shared_class_flags |= _has_value_based_class_annotation;)
338   }
339   void clear_has_value_based_class_annotation() {
340     CDS_ONLY(_shared_class_flags &= (u2)(~_has_value_based_class_annotation);)
341   }
342   bool has_value_based_class_annotation() const {
343     CDS_ONLY(return (_shared_class_flags & _has_value_based_class_annotation) != 0;)
344     NOT_CDS(return false;)
345   }
346 
347   void set_verified_at_dump_time() {
348     CDS_ONLY(_shared_class_flags |= _verified_at_dump_time;)
349   }
350   bool verified_at_dump_time() const {
351     CDS_ONLY(return (_shared_class_flags & _verified_at_dump_time) != 0;)
352     NOT_CDS(return false;)
353   }
354 
355   void set_has_archived_enum_objs() {
356     CDS_ONLY(_shared_class_flags |= _has_archived_enum_objs;)
357   }
358   bool has_archived_enum_objs() const {
359     CDS_ONLY(return (_shared_class_flags & _has_archived_enum_objs) != 0;)
360     NOT_CDS(return false;)
361   }
362 
363   void set_is_generated_shared_class() {
364     CDS_ONLY(_shared_class_flags |= _is_generated_shared_class;)
365   }
366   bool is_generated_shared_class() const {
367     CDS_ONLY(return (_shared_class_flags & _is_generated_shared_class) != 0;)
368     NOT_CDS(return false;)
369   }
370 
371   bool is_shared() const                { // shadows MetaspaceObj::is_shared)()
372     CDS_ONLY(return (_shared_class_flags & _is_shared_class) != 0;)
373     NOT_CDS(return false;)
374   }
375 
376   void set_is_shared() {
377     CDS_ONLY(_shared_class_flags |= _is_shared_class;)
378   }
379 
380   // Obtain the module or package for this class
381   virtual ModuleEntry* module() const = 0;
382   virtual PackageEntry* package() const = 0;
383 
384  protected:                                // internal accessors
385   void     set_subklass(Klass* s);
386   void     set_next_sibling(Klass* s);
387 
388  public:
389 
390   // Compiler support
391   static ByteSize super_offset()                 { return byte_offset_of(Klass, _super); }
392   static ByteSize super_check_offset_offset()    { return byte_offset_of(Klass, _super_check_offset); }
393   static ByteSize primary_supers_offset()        { return byte_offset_of(Klass, _primary_supers); }
394   static ByteSize secondary_super_cache_offset() { return byte_offset_of(Klass, _secondary_super_cache); }
395   static ByteSize secondary_supers_offset()      { return byte_offset_of(Klass, _secondary_supers); }
396   static ByteSize java_mirror_offset()           { return byte_offset_of(Klass, _java_mirror); }
397   static ByteSize class_loader_data_offset()     { return byte_offset_of(Klass, _class_loader_data); }
398   static ByteSize modifier_flags_offset()        { return byte_offset_of(Klass, _modifier_flags); }
399   static ByteSize layout_helper_offset()         { return byte_offset_of(Klass, _layout_helper); }
400   static ByteSize access_flags_offset()          { return byte_offset_of(Klass, _access_flags); }
401 #if INCLUDE_JVMCI
402   static ByteSize subklass_offset()              { return byte_offset_of(Klass, _subklass); }
403   static ByteSize next_sibling_offset()          { return byte_offset_of(Klass, _next_sibling); }
404 #endif
405 
406   // Unpacking layout_helper:
407   static const int _lh_neutral_value           = 0;  // neutral non-array non-instance value
408   static const int _lh_instance_slow_path_bit  = 0x01;
409   static const int _lh_log2_element_size_shift = BitsPerByte*0;
410   static const int _lh_log2_element_size_mask  = BitsPerLong-1;
411   static const int _lh_element_type_shift      = BitsPerByte*1;
412   static const int _lh_element_type_mask       = right_n_bits(BitsPerByte);  // shifted mask
413   static const int _lh_header_size_shift       = BitsPerByte*2;
414   static const int _lh_header_size_mask        = right_n_bits(BitsPerByte);  // shifted mask
415   static const int _lh_array_tag_bits          = 3;
416   static const int _lh_array_tag_shift         = BitsPerInt - _lh_array_tag_bits;
417 
418   static const unsigned int _lh_array_tag_type_value = 0Xfffffffc;
419   static const unsigned int _lh_array_tag_vt_value   = 0Xfffffffd;
420   static const unsigned int _lh_array_tag_obj_value  = 0Xfffffffe;
421 
422   // null-free array flag bit under the array tag bits, shift one more to get array tag value
423   static const int _lh_null_free_shift = _lh_array_tag_shift - 1;
424   static const int _lh_null_free_mask  = 1;
425 
426   static const jint _lh_array_tag_flat_value_bit_inplace = (jint) (1 << _lh_array_tag_shift);
427 
428   static int layout_helper_size_in_bytes(jint lh) {
429     assert(lh > (jint)_lh_neutral_value, "must be instance");
430     return (int) lh & ~_lh_instance_slow_path_bit;
431   }
432   static bool layout_helper_needs_slow_path(jint lh) {
433     assert(lh > (jint)_lh_neutral_value, "must be instance");
434     return (lh & _lh_instance_slow_path_bit) != 0;
435   }
436   static bool layout_helper_is_instance(jint lh) {
437     return (jint)lh > (jint)_lh_neutral_value;
438   }
439   static bool layout_helper_is_array(jint lh) {
440     return (jint)lh < (jint)_lh_neutral_value;
441   }
442   static bool layout_helper_is_typeArray(jint lh) {
443     return (juint) _lh_array_tag_type_value == (juint)(lh >> _lh_array_tag_shift);
444   }
445   static bool layout_helper_is_objArray(jint lh) {
446     return (juint)_lh_array_tag_obj_value == (juint)(lh >> _lh_array_tag_shift);
447   }
448   static bool layout_helper_is_flatArray(jint lh) {
449     return (juint)_lh_array_tag_vt_value == (juint)(lh >> _lh_array_tag_shift);
450   }
451   static bool layout_helper_is_null_free(jint lh) {
452     assert(layout_helper_is_flatArray(lh) || layout_helper_is_objArray(lh), "must be array of inline types");
453     return ((lh >> _lh_null_free_shift) & _lh_null_free_mask);
454   }
455   static jint layout_helper_set_null_free(jint lh) {
456     lh |= (_lh_null_free_mask << _lh_null_free_shift);
457     assert(layout_helper_is_null_free(lh), "Bad encoding");
458     return lh;
459   }
460   static int layout_helper_header_size(jint lh) {
461     assert(lh < (jint)_lh_neutral_value, "must be array");
462     int hsize = (lh >> _lh_header_size_shift) & _lh_header_size_mask;
463     assert(hsize > 0 && hsize < (int)sizeof(oopDesc)*3, "sanity");
464     return hsize;
465   }
466   static BasicType layout_helper_element_type(jint lh) {
467     assert(lh < (jint)_lh_neutral_value, "must be array");
468     int btvalue = (lh >> _lh_element_type_shift) & _lh_element_type_mask;
469     assert((btvalue >= T_BOOLEAN && btvalue <= T_OBJECT) || btvalue == T_PRIMITIVE_OBJECT, "sanity");
470     return (BasicType) btvalue;
471   }
472 
473   // Want a pattern to quickly diff against layout header in register
474   // find something less clever!
475   static int layout_helper_boolean_diffbit() {
476     jint zlh = array_layout_helper(T_BOOLEAN);
477     jint blh = array_layout_helper(T_BYTE);
478     assert(zlh != blh, "array layout helpers must differ");
479     int diffbit = 1;
480     while ((diffbit & (zlh ^ blh)) == 0 && (diffbit & zlh) == 0) {
481       diffbit <<= 1;
482       assert(diffbit != 0, "make sure T_BOOLEAN has a different bit than T_BYTE");
483     }
484     return diffbit;
485   }
486 
487   static int layout_helper_log2_element_size(jint lh) {
488     assert(lh < (jint)_lh_neutral_value, "must be array");
489     int l2esz = (lh >> _lh_log2_element_size_shift) & _lh_log2_element_size_mask;
490     assert(layout_helper_element_type(lh) == T_PRIMITIVE_OBJECT || l2esz <= LogBytesPerLong,
491            "sanity. l2esz: 0x%x for lh: 0x%x", (uint)l2esz, (uint)lh);
492     return l2esz;
493   }
494   static jint array_layout_helper(jint tag, bool null_free, int hsize, BasicType etype, int log2_esize) {
495     return (tag        << _lh_array_tag_shift)
496       |    ((null_free ? 1 : 0) <<  _lh_null_free_shift)
497       |    (hsize      << _lh_header_size_shift)
498       |    ((int)etype << _lh_element_type_shift)
499       |    (log2_esize << _lh_log2_element_size_shift);
500   }
501   static jint instance_layout_helper(jint size, bool slow_path_flag) {
502     return (size << LogBytesPerWord)
503       |    (slow_path_flag ? _lh_instance_slow_path_bit : 0);
504   }
505   static int layout_helper_to_size_helper(jint lh) {
506     assert(lh > (jint)_lh_neutral_value, "must be instance");
507     // Note that the following expression discards _lh_instance_slow_path_bit.
508     return lh >> LogBytesPerWord;
509   }
510   // Out-of-line version computes everything based on the etype:
511   static jint array_layout_helper(BasicType etype);
512 
513   // What is the maximum number of primary superclasses any klass can have?
514   static juint primary_super_limit()         { return _primary_super_limit; }
515 
516   // vtables
517   klassVtable vtable() const;
518   int vtable_length() const { return _vtable_len; }
519 
520   // subclass check
521   bool is_subclass_of(const Klass* k) const;
522   // subtype check: true if is_subclass_of, or if k is interface and receiver implements it
523   bool is_subtype_of(Klass* k) const {
524     juint    off = k->super_check_offset();
525     Klass* sup = *(Klass**)( (address)this + off );
526     const juint secondary_offset = in_bytes(secondary_super_cache_offset());
527     if (sup == k) {
528       return true;
529     } else if (off != secondary_offset) {
530       return false;
531     } else {
532       return search_secondary_supers(k);
533     }
534   }
535 
536   bool search_secondary_supers(Klass* k) const;
537 
538   // Find LCA in class hierarchy
539   Klass *LCA( Klass *k );
540 
541   // Check whether reflection/jni/jvm code is allowed to instantiate this class;
542   // if not, throw either an Error or an Exception.
543   virtual void check_valid_for_instantiation(bool throwError, TRAPS);
544 
545   // array copying
546   virtual void  copy_array(arrayOop s, int src_pos, arrayOop d, int dst_pos, int length, TRAPS);
547 
548   // tells if the class should be initialized
549   virtual bool should_be_initialized() const    { return false; }
550   // initializes the klass
551   virtual void initialize(TRAPS);
552   virtual Klass* find_field(Symbol* name, Symbol* signature, fieldDescriptor* fd) const;
553   virtual Method* uncached_lookup_method(const Symbol* name, const Symbol* signature,
554                                          OverpassLookupMode overpass_mode,
555                                          PrivateLookupMode = PrivateLookupMode::find) const;
556  public:
557   Method* lookup_method(const Symbol* name, const Symbol* signature) const {
558     return uncached_lookup_method(name, signature, OverpassLookupMode::find);
559   }
560 
561   // array class with specific rank
562   virtual ArrayKlass* array_klass(int rank, TRAPS) = 0;
563 
564   // array class with this klass as element type
565   virtual ArrayKlass* array_klass(TRAPS) = 0;
566 
567   // These will return null instead of allocating on the heap:
568   virtual ArrayKlass* array_klass_or_null(int rank) = 0;
569   virtual ArrayKlass* array_klass_or_null() = 0;
570 
571   virtual oop protection_domain() const = 0;
572 
573   oop class_loader() const;
574 
575   inline oop klass_holder() const;
576 
577  protected:
578 
579   // Error handling when length > max_length or length < 0
580   static void check_array_allocation_length(int length, int max_length, TRAPS);
581 
582   void set_vtable_length(int len) { _vtable_len= len; }
583 
584   vtableEntry* start_of_vtable() const;
585 #if INCLUDE_CDS
586   void restore_unshareable_info(ClassLoaderData* loader_data, Handle protection_domain, TRAPS);
587 #endif
588  public:
589   Method* method_at_vtable(int index);
590 
591   static ByteSize vtable_start_offset();
592   static ByteSize vtable_length_offset() {
593     return byte_offset_of(Klass, _vtable_len);
594   }
595 
596 #if INCLUDE_CDS
597   // CDS support - remove and restore oops from metadata. Oops are not shared.
598   virtual void remove_unshareable_info();
599   virtual void remove_java_mirror();
600 
601   bool is_unshareable_info_restored() const {
602     assert(is_shared(), "use this for shared classes only");
603     if (has_archived_mirror_index()) {
604       // _java_mirror is not a valid OopHandle but rather an encoded reference in the shared heap
605       return false;
606     } else if (_java_mirror.is_empty()) {
607       return false;
608     } else {
609       return true;
610     }
611   }
612 #endif // INCLUDE_CDS
613 
614  public:
615   // ALL FUNCTIONS BELOW THIS POINT ARE DISPATCHED FROM AN OOP
616   // These functions describe behavior for the oop not the KLASS.
617 
618   // actual oop size of obj in memory in word size.
619   virtual size_t oop_size(oop obj) const = 0;
620 
621   // Size of klass in word size.
622   virtual int size() const = 0;
623 
624   // Returns the Java name for a class (Resource allocated)
625   // For arrays, this returns the name of the element with a leading '['.
626   // For classes, this returns the name with the package separators
627   //     turned into '.'s.
628   const char* external_name() const;
629   // Returns the name for a class (Resource allocated) as the class
630   // would appear in a signature.
631   // For arrays, this returns the name of the element with a leading '['.
632   // For classes, this returns the name with a leading 'L' and a trailing ';'
633   //     and the package separators as '/'.
634   virtual const char* signature_name() const;
635 
636   const char* joint_in_module_of_loader(const Klass* class2, bool include_parent_loader = false) const;
637   const char* class_in_module_of_loader(bool use_are = false, bool include_parent_loader = false) const;
638 
639   // Returns "interface", "abstract class" or "class".
640   const char* external_kind() const;
641 
642   // type testing operations
643 #ifdef ASSERT
644  protected:
645   virtual bool is_instance_klass_slow()     const { return false; }
646   virtual bool is_array_klass_slow()        const { return false; }
647   virtual bool is_objArray_klass_slow()     const { return false; }
648   virtual bool is_typeArray_klass_slow()    const { return false; }
649   virtual bool is_flatArray_klass_slow()    const { return false; }
650 #endif // ASSERT
651   // current implementation uses this method even in non debug builds
652   virtual bool is_inline_klass_slow()       const { return false; }
653  public:
654 
655   // Fast non-virtual versions
656   #ifndef ASSERT
657   #define assert_same_query(xval, xcheck) xval
658   #else
659  private:
660   static bool assert_same_query(bool xval, bool xslow) {
661     assert(xval == xslow, "slow and fast queries agree");
662     return xval;
663   }
664  public:
665   #endif
666 
667   bool is_instance_klass()              const { return assert_same_query(_kind <= InstanceStackChunkKlassKind, is_instance_klass_slow()); }
668   bool is_inline_klass()                const { return assert_same_query(_kind == InlineKlassKind, is_inline_klass_slow()); }
669   bool is_reference_instance_klass()    const { return _kind == InstanceRefKlassKind; }
670   bool is_mirror_instance_klass()       const { return _kind == InstanceMirrorKlassKind; }
671   bool is_class_loader_instance_klass() const { return _kind == InstanceClassLoaderKlassKind; }
672   bool is_array_klass()                 const { return assert_same_query( _kind >= TypeArrayKlassKind, is_array_klass_slow()); }
673   bool is_stack_chunk_instance_klass()  const { return _kind == InstanceStackChunkKlassKind; }
674   bool is_flatArray_klass()             const { return assert_same_query( _kind == FlatArrayKlassKind, is_flatArray_klass_slow()); }
675   bool is_objArray_klass()              const { return assert_same_query( _kind == ObjArrayKlassKind,  is_objArray_klass_slow()); }
676   bool is_typeArray_klass()             const { return assert_same_query( _kind == TypeArrayKlassKind, is_typeArray_klass_slow()); }
677   #undef assert_same_query
678 
679   inline bool is_null_free_array_klass()      const { return layout_helper_is_null_free(layout_helper()); }
680 
681   // Access flags
682   AccessFlags access_flags() const         { return _access_flags;  }
683   void set_access_flags(AccessFlags flags) { _access_flags = flags; }
684 
685   bool is_public() const                { return _access_flags.is_public(); }
686   bool is_final() const                 { return _access_flags.is_final(); }
687   bool is_interface() const             { return _access_flags.is_interface(); }
688   bool is_abstract() const              { return _access_flags.is_abstract(); }
689   bool is_synthetic() const             { return _access_flags.is_synthetic(); }
690   bool is_identity_class() const        { return _access_flags.is_identity_class(); }
691   void set_is_synthetic()               { _access_flags.set_is_synthetic(); }
692   bool has_finalizer() const            { return _access_flags.has_finalizer(); }
693   void set_has_finalizer()              { _access_flags.set_has_finalizer(); }
694   bool is_hidden() const                { return access_flags().is_hidden_class(); }
695   void set_is_hidden()                  { _access_flags.set_is_hidden_class(); }
696   bool is_value_based()                 { return _access_flags.is_value_based_class(); }
697   void set_is_value_based()             { _access_flags.set_is_value_based_class(); }
698 
699   inline bool is_non_strong_hidden() const;
700 
701   bool is_cloneable() const;
702   void set_is_cloneable();
703 
704   // inline types and inline type array patterns
705   markWord prototype_header() const {
706     return _prototype_header;
707   }
708   static inline markWord default_prototype_header(Klass* k) {
709     return (k == nullptr) ? markWord::prototype() : k->prototype_header();
710   }
711 
712   inline void set_prototype_header(markWord header);
713   static ByteSize prototype_header_offset() { return in_ByteSize(offset_of(Klass, _prototype_header)); }
714 
715   JFR_ONLY(DEFINE_TRACE_ID_METHODS;)
716 
717   virtual void metaspace_pointers_do(MetaspaceClosure* iter);
718   virtual MetaspaceObj::Type type() const { return ClassType; }
719 
720   inline bool is_loader_alive() const;
721 
722   void clean_subklass();
723 
724   static void clean_weak_klass_links(bool unloading_occurred, bool clean_alive_klasses = true);
725   static void clean_subklass_tree() {
726     clean_weak_klass_links(/*unloading_occurred*/ true , /* clean_alive_klasses */ false);
727   }
728 
729   // Return self, except for abstract classes with exactly 1
730   // implementor.  Then return the 1 concrete implementation.
731   Klass *up_cast_abstract();
732 
733   // klass name
734   Symbol* name() const                   { return _name; }
735   void set_name(Symbol* n);
736 
737   virtual void release_C_heap_structures(bool release_constant_pool = true);
738 
739  public:
740   virtual jint compute_modifier_flags() const = 0;
741 
742   // JVMTI support
743   virtual jint jvmti_class_status() const;
744 
745   // Printing
746   virtual void print_on(outputStream* st) const;
747 
748   virtual void oop_print_value_on(oop obj, outputStream* st);
749   virtual void oop_print_on      (oop obj, outputStream* st);
750 
751   virtual const char* internal_name() const = 0;
752 
753   // Verification
754   virtual void verify_on(outputStream* st);
755   void verify() { verify_on(tty); }
756 
757 #ifndef PRODUCT
758   bool verify_vtable_index(int index);
759 #endif
760 
761   virtual void oop_verify_on(oop obj, outputStream* st);
762 
763   // for error reporting
764   static bool is_valid(Klass* k);
765 };
766 
767 #endif // SHARE_OOPS_KLASS_HPP