1 /*
  2  * Copyright (c) 1997, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  3  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  4  *
  5  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
  6  * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
  7  * published by the Free Software Foundation.
  8  *
  9  * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
 10  * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
 11  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
 12  * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
 13  * accompanied this code).
 14  *
 15  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
 16  * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
 17  * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
 18  *
 19  * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
 20  * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
 21  * questions.
 22  *
 23  */
 24 
 25 #include "cds/cdsConfig.hpp"
 26 #include "classfile/moduleEntry.hpp"
 27 #include "classfile/packageEntry.hpp"
 28 #include "classfile/symbolTable.hpp"
 29 #include "classfile/vmClasses.hpp"
 30 #include "classfile/vmSymbols.hpp"
 31 #include "gc/shared/collectedHeap.inline.hpp"
 32 #include "memory/iterator.inline.hpp"
 33 #include "memory/metadataFactory.hpp"
 34 #include "memory/metaspaceClosure.hpp"
 35 #include "memory/oopFactory.hpp"
 36 #include "memory/resourceArea.hpp"
 37 #include "memory/universe.hpp"
 38 #include "oops/arrayKlass.hpp"
 39 #include "oops/flatArrayKlass.hpp"
 40 #include "oops/inlineKlass.hpp"
 41 #include "oops/instanceKlass.hpp"
 42 #include "oops/klass.inline.hpp"
 43 #include "oops/layoutKind.hpp"
 44 #include "oops/markWord.hpp"
 45 #include "oops/objArrayKlass.inline.hpp"
 46 #include "oops/objArrayOop.inline.hpp"
 47 #include "oops/oop.inline.hpp"
 48 #include "oops/refArrayKlass.hpp"
 49 #include "oops/symbol.hpp"
 50 #include "runtime/arguments.hpp"
 51 #include "runtime/handles.inline.hpp"
 52 #include "runtime/mutexLocker.hpp"
 53 #include "utilities/macros.hpp"
 54 
 55 ObjArrayKlass* ObjArrayKlass::allocate_klass(ClassLoaderData* loader_data, int n,
 56                                        Klass* k, Symbol* name, ArrayKlass::ArrayProperties props,
 57                                        TRAPS) {
 58   assert(ObjArrayKlass::header_size() <= InstanceKlass::header_size(),
 59       "array klasses must be same size as InstanceKlass");
 60 
 61   int size = ArrayKlass::static_size(ObjArrayKlass::header_size());
 62 
 63   return new (loader_data, size, THREAD) ObjArrayKlass(n, k, name, Kind, props, ArrayKlass::is_null_restricted(props) ? markWord::null_free_array_prototype() : markWord::prototype());
 64 }
 65 
 66 Symbol* ObjArrayKlass::create_element_klass_array_name(JavaThread* current, Klass* element_klass) {
 67   ResourceMark rm(current);
 68   char* name_str = element_klass->name()->as_C_string();
 69   int len = element_klass->name()->utf8_length();
 70   char* new_str = NEW_RESOURCE_ARRAY_IN_THREAD(current, char, len + 4);
 71   int idx = 0;
 72   new_str[idx++] = JVM_SIGNATURE_ARRAY;
 73   if (element_klass->is_instance_klass()) { // it could be an array or simple type
 74     new_str[idx++] = JVM_SIGNATURE_CLASS;
 75   }
 76   memcpy(&new_str[idx], name_str, len * sizeof(char));
 77   idx += len;
 78   if (element_klass->is_instance_klass()) {
 79     new_str[idx++] = JVM_SIGNATURE_ENDCLASS;
 80   }
 81   new_str[idx] = '\0';
 82   return SymbolTable::new_symbol(new_str);
 83 }
 84 
 85 
 86 ObjArrayKlass* ObjArrayKlass::allocate_objArray_klass(ClassLoaderData* loader_data,
 87                                                       int n, Klass* element_klass,  TRAPS) {
 88 
 89   // Eagerly allocate the direct array supertype.
 90   Klass* super_klass = nullptr;
 91   if (!Universe::is_bootstrapping() || vmClasses::Object_klass_is_loaded()) {
 92     assert(MultiArray_lock->holds_lock(THREAD), "must hold lock after bootstrapping");
 93     Klass* element_super = element_klass->super();
 94     if (element_super != nullptr) {
 95       // The element type has a direct super.  E.g., String[] has direct super of Object[].
 96       // Also, see if the element has secondary supertypes.
 97       // We need an array type for each before creating this array type.
 98       super_klass = element_super->array_klass(CHECK_NULL);
 99       const Array<Klass*>* element_supers = element_klass->secondary_supers();
100       for (int i = element_supers->length() - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
101         Klass* elem_super = element_supers->at(i);
102         elem_super->array_klass(CHECK_NULL);
103       }
104       // Fall through because inheritance is acyclic and we hold the global recursive lock to allocate all the arrays.
105     } else {
106       // The element type is already Object.  Object[] has direct super of Object.
107       super_klass = vmClasses::Object_klass();
108     }
109   }
110 
111   // Create type name for klass.
112   Symbol* name = create_element_klass_array_name(THREAD, element_klass);
113 
114   // Initialize instance variables
115   ObjArrayKlass* oak = ObjArrayKlass::allocate_klass(loader_data, n, element_klass, name, ArrayProperties::INVALID, CHECK_NULL);
116 
117   ModuleEntry* module = oak->module();
118   assert(module != nullptr, "No module entry for array");
119 
120   // Call complete_create_array_klass after all instance variables has been initialized.
121   ArrayKlass::complete_create_array_klass(oak, super_klass, module, CHECK_NULL);
122 
123   // Add all classes to our internal class loader list here,
124   // including classes in the bootstrap (null) class loader.
125   // Do this step after creating the mirror so that if the
126   // mirror creation fails, loaded_classes_do() doesn't find
127   // an array class without a mirror.
128   loader_data->add_class(oak);
129 
130   return oak;
131 }
132 
133 ObjArrayKlass::ObjArrayKlass(int n, Klass* element_klass, Symbol* name, KlassKind kind, ArrayKlass::ArrayProperties props, markWord mk) :
134 ArrayKlass(name, kind, props, mk) {
135   set_dimension(n);
136   set_element_klass(element_klass);
137   set_next_refined_klass_klass(nullptr);
138   set_properties(props);
139 
140   Klass* bk;
141   if (element_klass->is_objArray_klass()) {
142     assert(!element_klass->is_refined_objArray_klass(), "no such mechanism yet");
143     bk = ObjArrayKlass::cast(element_klass)->bottom_klass();
144   } else {
145     assert(!element_klass->is_refArray_klass(), "Sanity");
146     bk = element_klass;
147   }
148   assert(bk != nullptr && (bk->is_instance_klass() || bk->is_typeArray_klass()), "invalid bottom klass");
149   set_bottom_klass(bk);
150   set_class_loader_data(bk->class_loader_data());
151 
152   if (element_klass->is_array_klass()) {
153     set_lower_dimension(ArrayKlass::cast(element_klass));
154   }
155 
156   int lh = array_layout_helper(T_OBJECT);
157   if (ArrayKlass::is_null_restricted(props)) {
158     assert(n == 1, "Bytecode does not support null-free multi-dim");
159     lh = layout_helper_set_null_free(lh);
160 #ifdef _LP64
161     assert(prototype_header().is_null_free_array(), "sanity");
162 #endif
163   }
164   set_layout_helper(lh);
165   assert(is_array_klass(), "sanity");
166   assert(is_objArray_klass(), "sanity");
167 }
168 
169 size_t ObjArrayKlass::oop_size(oop obj) const {
170   // In this assert, we cannot safely access the Klass* with compact headers,
171   // because size_given_klass() calls oop_size() on objects that might be
172   // concurrently forwarded, which would overwrite the Klass*.
173   assert(UseCompactObjectHeaders || obj->is_objArray(), "must be object array");
174   // return objArrayOop(obj)->object_size();
175   return obj->is_flatArray() ? flatArrayOop(obj)->object_size(layout_helper()) : refArrayOop(obj)->object_size();
176 }
177 
178 ArrayDescription ObjArrayKlass::array_layout_selection(Klass* element, ArrayProperties properties) {
179   // TODO FIXME: the layout selection should take the array size in consideration
180   // to avoid creation of arrays too big to be handled by the VM. See JDK-8233189
181   if (!UseArrayFlattening || element->is_array_klass() || element->is_identity_class() || element->is_abstract()) {
182     return ArrayDescription(RefArrayKlassKind, properties, LayoutKind::REFERENCE);
183   }
184   InlineKlass* vk = InlineKlass::cast(element);
185   if (!vk->maybe_flat_in_array()) {
186     return ArrayDescription(RefArrayKlassKind, properties, LayoutKind::REFERENCE);
187   }
188 
189   assert(vk->is_final(), "Flat layouts below require monomorphic elements");
190   if (is_null_restricted(properties)) {
191     if (is_non_atomic(properties)) {
192       // Null-restricted + non-atomic
193       if (vk->has_non_atomic_layout()) {
194         return ArrayDescription(FlatArrayKlassKind, properties, LayoutKind::NULL_FREE_NON_ATOMIC_FLAT);
195       } else if (vk->has_atomic_layout()) {
196         return ArrayDescription(FlatArrayKlassKind, properties, LayoutKind::NULL_FREE_ATOMIC_FLAT);
197       } else {
198         return ArrayDescription(RefArrayKlassKind, properties, LayoutKind::REFERENCE);
199       }
200     } else {
201       // Null-restricted + atomic
202       if (vk->is_naturally_atomic() && vk->has_non_atomic_layout()) {
203         return ArrayDescription(FlatArrayKlassKind, properties, LayoutKind::NULL_FREE_NON_ATOMIC_FLAT);
204       } else if (vk->has_atomic_layout()) {
205         return ArrayDescription(FlatArrayKlassKind, properties, LayoutKind::NULL_FREE_ATOMIC_FLAT);
206       } else {
207         return ArrayDescription(RefArrayKlassKind, properties, LayoutKind::REFERENCE);
208       }
209     }
210   } else {
211     // nullable implies atomic, so the non-atomic property is ignored
212     if (vk->has_nullable_atomic_layout()) {
213       return ArrayDescription(FlatArrayKlassKind, properties, LayoutKind::NULLABLE_ATOMIC_FLAT);
214     } else {
215       return ArrayDescription(RefArrayKlassKind, properties, LayoutKind::REFERENCE);
216     }
217   }
218 }
219 
220 ObjArrayKlass* ObjArrayKlass::allocate_klass_with_properties(ArrayKlass::ArrayProperties props, TRAPS) {
221   assert(ArrayKlass::is_null_restricted(props) || !ArrayKlass::is_non_atomic(props), "only null-restricted array can be non-atomic");
222   ObjArrayKlass* ak = nullptr;
223   ArrayDescription ad = ObjArrayKlass::array_layout_selection(element_klass(), props);
224   switch (ad._kind) {
225     case Klass::RefArrayKlassKind: {
226       ak = RefArrayKlass::allocate_refArray_klass(class_loader_data(), dimension(), element_klass(), ad._properties, CHECK_NULL);
227       break;
228     }
229     case Klass::FlatArrayKlassKind: {
230       assert(dimension() == 1, "Flat arrays can only be dimension 1 arrays");
231       ak = FlatArrayKlass::allocate_klass(element_klass(), ad._properties, ad._layout_kind, CHECK_NULL);
232       break;
233     }
234     default:
235       ShouldNotReachHere();
236   }
237   return ak;
238 }
239 
240 objArrayOop ObjArrayKlass::allocate_instance(int length, ArrayProperties props, TRAPS) {
241   check_array_allocation_length(length, arrayOopDesc::max_array_length(T_OBJECT), CHECK_NULL);
242   ObjArrayKlass* ak = klass_with_properties(props, THREAD);
243   size_t size = 0;
244   switch(ak->kind()) {
245     case Klass::RefArrayKlassKind:
246       size = refArrayOopDesc::object_size(length);
247       break;
248     case Klass::FlatArrayKlassKind:
249       size = flatArrayOopDesc::object_size(ak->layout_helper(), length);
250       break;
251     default:
252       ShouldNotReachHere();
253   }
254   assert(size != 0, "Sanity check");
255   objArrayOop array = (objArrayOop)Universe::heap()->array_allocate(
256     ak, size, length,
257     /* do_zero */ true, CHECK_NULL);
258   assert(array->is_refArray() || array->is_flatArray(), "Must be");
259   return array;
260 }
261 
262 oop ObjArrayKlass::multi_allocate(int rank, jint* sizes, TRAPS) {
263   int length = *sizes;
264   ArrayKlass* ld_klass = lower_dimension();
265   // If length < 0 allocate will throw an exception.
266   ObjArrayKlass* oak = klass_with_properties(ArrayProperties::DEFAULT, CHECK_NULL);
267   assert(oak->is_refArray_klass() || oak->is_flatArray_klass(), "Must be");
268   objArrayOop array = oak->allocate_instance(length, ArrayProperties::DEFAULT, CHECK_NULL);
269   objArrayHandle h_array (THREAD, array);
270   if (rank > 1) {
271     if (length != 0) {
272       for (int index = 0; index < length; index++) {
273         oop sub_array = ld_klass->multi_allocate(rank-1, &sizes[1], CHECK_NULL);
274         h_array->obj_at_put(index, sub_array);
275       }
276     } else {
277       // Since this array dimension has zero length, nothing will be
278       // allocated, however the lower dimension values must be checked
279       // for illegal values.
280       for (int i = 0; i < rank - 1; ++i) {
281         sizes += 1;
282         if (*sizes < 0) {
283           THROW_MSG_NULL(vmSymbols::java_lang_NegativeArraySizeException(), err_msg("%d", *sizes));
284         }
285       }
286     }
287   }
288   return h_array();
289 }
290 
291 void ObjArrayKlass::copy_array(arrayOop s, int src_pos, arrayOop d,
292                                int dst_pos, int length, TRAPS) {
293   assert(s->is_objArray(), "must be obj array");
294 
295   if (UseArrayFlattening) {
296     if (d->is_flatArray()) {
297       FlatArrayKlass::cast(d->klass())->copy_array(s, src_pos, d, dst_pos, length, THREAD);
298       return;
299     }
300     if (s->is_flatArray()) {
301       FlatArrayKlass::cast(s->klass())->copy_array(s, src_pos, d, dst_pos, length, THREAD);
302       return;
303     }
304   }
305 
306   assert(s->is_refArray() && d->is_refArray(), "Must be");
307   RefArrayKlass::cast(s->klass())->copy_array(s, src_pos, d, dst_pos, length, THREAD);
308 }
309 
310 bool ObjArrayKlass::can_be_primary_super_slow() const {
311   if (!bottom_klass()->can_be_primary_super())
312     // array of interfaces
313     return false;
314   else
315     return Klass::can_be_primary_super_slow();
316 }
317 
318 GrowableArray<Klass*>* ObjArrayKlass::compute_secondary_supers(int num_extra_slots,
319                                                                Array<InstanceKlass*>* transitive_interfaces) {
320   assert(transitive_interfaces == nullptr, "sanity");
321   // interfaces = { cloneable_klass, serializable_klass, elemSuper[], ... };
322   const Array<Klass*>* elem_supers = element_klass()->secondary_supers();
323   int num_elem_supers = elem_supers == nullptr ? 0 : elem_supers->length();
324   int num_secondaries = num_extra_slots + 2 + num_elem_supers;
325   if (num_secondaries == 2) {
326     // Must share this for correct bootstrapping!
327     set_secondary_supers(Universe::the_array_interfaces_array(),
328                          Universe::the_array_interfaces_bitmap());
329     return nullptr;
330   } else {
331     GrowableArray<Klass*>* secondaries = new GrowableArray<Klass*>(num_elem_supers+2);
332     secondaries->push(vmClasses::Cloneable_klass());
333     secondaries->push(vmClasses::Serializable_klass());
334     for (int i = 0; i < num_elem_supers; i++) {
335       Klass* elem_super = elem_supers->at(i);
336       Klass* array_super = elem_super->array_klass_or_null();
337       assert(array_super != nullptr, "must already have been created");
338       secondaries->push(array_super);
339     }
340     return secondaries;
341   }
342 }
343 
344 void ObjArrayKlass::initialize(TRAPS) {
345   bottom_klass()->initialize(THREAD);  // dispatches to either InstanceKlass or TypeArrayKlass
346 }
347 
348 void ObjArrayKlass::metaspace_pointers_do(MetaspaceClosure* it) {
349   ArrayKlass::metaspace_pointers_do(it);
350   it->push(&_element_klass);
351   it->push(&_bottom_klass);
352   if (_next_refined_array_klass != nullptr && !CDSConfig::is_dumping_dynamic_archive()) {
353     it->push(&_next_refined_array_klass);
354   }
355 }
356 
357 #if INCLUDE_CDS
358 void ObjArrayKlass::restore_unshareable_info(ClassLoaderData* loader_data, Handle protection_domain, TRAPS) {
359   ArrayKlass::restore_unshareable_info(loader_data, protection_domain, CHECK);
360   if (_next_refined_array_klass != nullptr) {
361     _next_refined_array_klass->restore_unshareable_info(loader_data, protection_domain, CHECK);
362   }
363 }
364 
365 void ObjArrayKlass::remove_unshareable_info() {
366   ArrayKlass::remove_unshareable_info();
367   if (_next_refined_array_klass != nullptr && !CDSConfig::is_dumping_dynamic_archive()) {
368     _next_refined_array_klass->remove_unshareable_info();
369   } else {
370     _next_refined_array_klass = nullptr;
371   }
372 }
373 
374 void ObjArrayKlass::remove_java_mirror() {
375   ArrayKlass::remove_java_mirror();
376   if (_next_refined_array_klass != nullptr && !CDSConfig::is_dumping_dynamic_archive()) {
377     _next_refined_array_klass->remove_java_mirror();
378   }
379 }
380 #endif // INCLUDE_CDS
381 
382 u2 ObjArrayKlass::compute_modifier_flags() const {
383   // The modifier for an objectArray is the same as its element
384   assert (element_klass() != nullptr, "should be initialized");
385 
386   // Return the flags of the bottom element type.
387   u2 element_flags = bottom_klass()->compute_modifier_flags();
388 
389   int identity_flag = (Arguments::is_valhalla_enabled()) ? JVM_ACC_IDENTITY : 0;
390 
391   return (element_flags & (JVM_ACC_PUBLIC | JVM_ACC_PRIVATE | JVM_ACC_PROTECTED))
392                         | (identity_flag | JVM_ACC_ABSTRACT | JVM_ACC_FINAL);
393 }
394 
395 ModuleEntry* ObjArrayKlass::module() const {
396   assert(bottom_klass() != nullptr, "ObjArrayKlass returned unexpected null bottom_klass");
397   // The array is defined in the module of its bottom class
398   return bottom_klass()->module();
399 }
400 
401 PackageEntry* ObjArrayKlass::package() const {
402   assert(bottom_klass() != nullptr, "ObjArrayKlass returned unexpected null bottom_klass");
403   return bottom_klass()->package();
404 }
405 
406 ObjArrayKlass* ObjArrayKlass::klass_with_properties(ArrayKlass::ArrayProperties props, TRAPS) {
407   assert(props != ArrayProperties::INVALID, "Sanity check");
408   ArrayDescription ad = array_layout_selection(element_klass(), props);
409   props = ad._properties;
410 
411   if (properties() == props) {
412     assert(is_refArray_klass() || is_flatArray_klass(), "Must be a concrete array klass");
413     return this;
414   }
415 
416   ObjArrayKlass* ak = next_refined_array_klass_acquire();
417   if (ak == nullptr) {
418     // Ensure atomic creation of refined array klasses
419     RecursiveLocker rl(MultiArray_lock, THREAD);
420 
421     if (next_refined_array_klass() == nullptr) {
422       ObjArrayKlass* first = this;
423       if (!is_refArray_klass() && !is_flatArray_klass() && props != ArrayKlass::ArrayProperties::DEFAULT) {
424         // Make sure that the first entry in the linked list is always the default refined klass because
425         // C2 relies on this for a fast lookup (see LibraryCallKit::load_default_refined_array_klass).
426         first = allocate_klass_with_properties(ArrayKlass::ArrayProperties::DEFAULT, THREAD);
427         release_set_next_refined_klass(first);
428       }
429       ak = allocate_klass_with_properties(props, THREAD);
430       first->release_set_next_refined_klass(ak);
431     }
432   }
433 
434   ak = next_refined_array_klass();
435   assert(ak != nullptr, "should be set");
436   THREAD->check_possible_safepoint();
437   return ak->klass_with_properties(props, THREAD); // why not CHECK_NULL ?
438 }
439 
440 
441 // Printing
442 
443 void ObjArrayKlass::print_on(outputStream* st) const {
444 #ifndef PRODUCT
445   Klass::print_on(st);
446   st->print(" - element klass: ");
447   element_klass()->print_value_on(st);
448   st->cr();
449 #endif //PRODUCT
450 }
451 
452 void ObjArrayKlass::print_value_on(outputStream* st) const {
453   assert(is_klass(), "must be klass");
454 
455   element_klass()->print_value_on(st);
456   st->print("[]");
457 }
458 
459 #ifndef PRODUCT
460 
461 void ObjArrayKlass::oop_print_on(oop obj, outputStream* st) {
462   ShouldNotReachHere();
463 }
464 
465 #endif //PRODUCT
466 
467 void ObjArrayKlass::oop_print_value_on(oop obj, outputStream* st) {
468   ShouldNotReachHere();
469 }
470 
471 const char* ObjArrayKlass::internal_name() const {
472   return external_name();
473 }
474 
475 
476 // Verification
477 
478 void ObjArrayKlass::verify_on(outputStream* st) {
479   ArrayKlass::verify_on(st);
480   guarantee(element_klass()->is_klass(), "should be klass");
481   guarantee(bottom_klass()->is_klass(), "should be klass");
482   Klass* bk = bottom_klass();
483   guarantee(bk->is_instance_klass() || bk->is_typeArray_klass() || bk->is_flatArray_klass(),
484             "invalid bottom klass");
485 }
486 
487 void ObjArrayKlass::oop_verify_on(oop obj, outputStream* st) {
488   ArrayKlass::oop_verify_on(obj, st);
489   guarantee(obj->is_objArray(), "must be objArray");
490   guarantee(obj->is_null_free_array() || (!is_null_free_array_klass()), "null-free klass but not object");
491   objArrayOop oa = objArrayOop(obj);
492   for(int index = 0; index < oa->length(); index++) {
493     guarantee(oopDesc::is_oop_or_null(oa->obj_at(index)), "should be oop");
494   }
495 }