1 /*
   2  * Copyright (c) 1997, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
   3  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
   4  *
   5  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
   6  * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
   7  * published by the Free Software Foundation.
   8  *
   9  * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
  10  * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
  11  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
  12  * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
  13  * accompanied this code).
  14  *
  15  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
  16  * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
  17  * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
  18  *
  19  * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
  20  * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
  21  * questions.
  22  *
  23  */
  24 
  25 #include "precompiled.hpp"
  26 #include "cds/cds_globals.hpp"
  27 #include "cds/cdsConfig.hpp"
  28 #include "cds/filemap.hpp"
  29 #include "classfile/classLoader.hpp"
  30 #include "classfile/javaAssertions.hpp"
  31 #include "classfile/moduleEntry.hpp"
  32 #include "classfile/stringTable.hpp"
  33 #include "classfile/symbolTable.hpp"
  34 #include "compiler/compilerDefinitions.hpp"
  35 #include "gc/shared/gcArguments.hpp"
  36 #include "gc/shared/gcConfig.hpp"
  37 #include "gc/shared/genArguments.hpp"
  38 #include "gc/shared/stringdedup/stringDedup.hpp"
  39 #include "gc/shared/tlab_globals.hpp"
  40 #include "jvm.h"
  41 #include "logging/log.hpp"
  42 #include "logging/logConfiguration.hpp"
  43 #include "logging/logStream.hpp"
  44 #include "logging/logTag.hpp"
  45 #include "memory/allocation.inline.hpp"
  46 #include "nmt/nmtCommon.hpp"
  47 #include "oops/compressedKlass.hpp"
  48 #include "oops/instanceKlass.hpp"
  49 #include "oops/oop.inline.hpp"
  50 #include "prims/jvmtiAgentList.hpp"
  51 #include "prims/jvmtiExport.hpp"
  52 #include "runtime/arguments.hpp"
  53 #include "runtime/flags/jvmFlag.hpp"
  54 #include "runtime/flags/jvmFlagAccess.hpp"
  55 #include "runtime/flags/jvmFlagLimit.hpp"
  56 #include "runtime/globals_extension.hpp"
  57 #include "runtime/java.hpp"
  58 #include "runtime/os.hpp"
  59 #include "runtime/safepoint.hpp"
  60 #include "runtime/safepointMechanism.hpp"
  61 #include "runtime/synchronizer.hpp"
  62 #include "runtime/vm_version.hpp"
  63 #include "services/management.hpp"
  64 #include "utilities/align.hpp"
  65 #include "utilities/checkedCast.hpp"
  66 #include "utilities/debug.hpp"
  67 #include "utilities/defaultStream.hpp"
  68 #include "utilities/macros.hpp"
  69 #include "utilities/parseInteger.hpp"
  70 #include "utilities/powerOfTwo.hpp"
  71 #include "utilities/stringUtils.hpp"
  72 #include "utilities/systemMemoryBarrier.hpp"
  73 #if INCLUDE_JFR
  74 #include "jfr/jfr.hpp"
  75 #endif
  76 
  77 #include <limits>
  78 #include <string.h>
  79 
  80 static const char _default_java_launcher[] = "generic";
  81 
  82 #define DEFAULT_JAVA_LAUNCHER _default_java_launcher
  83 
  84 char*  Arguments::_jvm_flags_file               = nullptr;
  85 char** Arguments::_jvm_flags_array              = nullptr;
  86 int    Arguments::_num_jvm_flags                = 0;
  87 char** Arguments::_jvm_args_array               = nullptr;
  88 int    Arguments::_num_jvm_args                 = 0;
  89 unsigned int Arguments::_addmods_count          = 0;
  90 char*  Arguments::_java_command                 = nullptr;
  91 SystemProperty* Arguments::_system_properties   = nullptr;
  92 size_t Arguments::_conservative_max_heap_alignment = 0;
  93 Arguments::Mode Arguments::_mode                = _mixed;
  94 const char*  Arguments::_java_vendor_url_bug    = nullptr;
  95 const char*  Arguments::_sun_java_launcher      = DEFAULT_JAVA_LAUNCHER;
  96 bool   Arguments::_sun_java_launcher_is_altjvm  = false;
  97 
  98 // These parameters are reset in method parse_vm_init_args()
  99 bool   Arguments::_AlwaysCompileLoopMethods     = AlwaysCompileLoopMethods;
 100 bool   Arguments::_UseOnStackReplacement        = UseOnStackReplacement;
 101 bool   Arguments::_BackgroundCompilation        = BackgroundCompilation;
 102 bool   Arguments::_ClipInlining                 = ClipInlining;
 103 size_t Arguments::_default_SharedBaseAddress    = SharedBaseAddress;
 104 
 105 bool   Arguments::_enable_preview               = false;
 106 
 107 LegacyGCLogging Arguments::_legacyGCLogging     = { nullptr, 0 };
 108 
 109 // These are not set by the JDK's built-in launchers, but they can be set by
 110 // programs that embed the JVM using JNI_CreateJavaVM. See comments around
 111 // JavaVMOption in jni.h.
 112 abort_hook_t     Arguments::_abort_hook         = nullptr;
 113 exit_hook_t      Arguments::_exit_hook          = nullptr;
 114 vfprintf_hook_t  Arguments::_vfprintf_hook      = nullptr;
 115 
 116 
 117 SystemProperty *Arguments::_sun_boot_library_path = nullptr;
 118 SystemProperty *Arguments::_java_library_path = nullptr;
 119 SystemProperty *Arguments::_java_home = nullptr;
 120 SystemProperty *Arguments::_java_class_path = nullptr;
 121 SystemProperty *Arguments::_jdk_boot_class_path_append = nullptr;
 122 SystemProperty *Arguments::_vm_info = nullptr;
 123 
 124 GrowableArray<ModulePatchPath*> *Arguments::_patch_mod_prefix = nullptr;
 125 PathString *Arguments::_boot_class_path = nullptr;
 126 bool Arguments::_has_jimage = false;
 127 
 128 char* Arguments::_ext_dirs = nullptr;
 129 
 130 // True if -Xshare:auto option was specified.
 131 static bool xshare_auto_cmd_line = false;
 132 
 133 // True if -Xint/-Xmixed/-Xcomp were specified
 134 static bool mode_flag_cmd_line = false;
 135 
 136 bool PathString::set_value(const char *value, AllocFailType alloc_failmode) {
 137   char* new_value = AllocateHeap(strlen(value)+1, mtArguments, alloc_failmode);
 138   if (new_value == nullptr) {
 139     assert(alloc_failmode == AllocFailStrategy::RETURN_NULL, "must be");
 140     return false;
 141   }
 142   if (_value != nullptr) {
 143     FreeHeap(_value);
 144   }
 145   _value = new_value;
 146   strcpy(_value, value);
 147   return true;
 148 }
 149 
 150 void PathString::append_value(const char *value) {
 151   char *sp;
 152   size_t len = 0;
 153   if (value != nullptr) {
 154     len = strlen(value);
 155     if (_value != nullptr) {
 156       len += strlen(_value);
 157     }
 158     sp = AllocateHeap(len+2, mtArguments);
 159     assert(sp != nullptr, "Unable to allocate space for new append path value");
 160     if (sp != nullptr) {
 161       if (_value != nullptr) {
 162         strcpy(sp, _value);
 163         strcat(sp, os::path_separator());
 164         strcat(sp, value);
 165         FreeHeap(_value);
 166       } else {
 167         strcpy(sp, value);
 168       }
 169       _value = sp;
 170     }
 171   }
 172 }
 173 
 174 PathString::PathString(const char* value) {
 175   if (value == nullptr) {
 176     _value = nullptr;
 177   } else {
 178     _value = AllocateHeap(strlen(value)+1, mtArguments);
 179     strcpy(_value, value);
 180   }
 181 }
 182 
 183 PathString::~PathString() {
 184   if (_value != nullptr) {
 185     FreeHeap(_value);
 186     _value = nullptr;
 187   }
 188 }
 189 
 190 ModulePatchPath::ModulePatchPath(const char* module_name, const char* path) {
 191   assert(module_name != nullptr && path != nullptr, "Invalid module name or path value");
 192   size_t len = strlen(module_name) + 1;
 193   _module_name = AllocateHeap(len, mtInternal);
 194   strncpy(_module_name, module_name, len); // copy the trailing null
 195   _path =  new PathString(path);
 196 }
 197 
 198 ModulePatchPath::~ModulePatchPath() {
 199   if (_module_name != nullptr) {
 200     FreeHeap(_module_name);
 201     _module_name = nullptr;
 202   }
 203   if (_path != nullptr) {
 204     delete _path;
 205     _path = nullptr;
 206   }
 207 }
 208 
 209 SystemProperty::SystemProperty(const char* key, const char* value, bool writeable, bool internal) : PathString(value) {
 210   if (key == nullptr) {
 211     _key = nullptr;
 212   } else {
 213     _key = AllocateHeap(strlen(key)+1, mtArguments);
 214     strcpy(_key, key);
 215   }
 216   _next = nullptr;
 217   _internal = internal;
 218   _writeable = writeable;
 219 }
 220 
 221 // Check if head of 'option' matches 'name', and sets 'tail' to the remaining
 222 // part of the option string.
 223 static bool match_option(const JavaVMOption *option, const char* name,
 224                          const char** tail) {
 225   size_t len = strlen(name);
 226   if (strncmp(option->optionString, name, len) == 0) {
 227     *tail = option->optionString + len;
 228     return true;
 229   } else {
 230     return false;
 231   }
 232 }
 233 
 234 // Check if 'option' matches 'name'. No "tail" is allowed.
 235 static bool match_option(const JavaVMOption *option, const char* name) {
 236   const char* tail = nullptr;
 237   bool result = match_option(option, name, &tail);
 238   if (tail != nullptr && *tail == '\0') {
 239     return result;
 240   } else {
 241     return false;
 242   }
 243 }
 244 
 245 // Return true if any of the strings in null-terminated array 'names' matches.
 246 // If tail_allowed is true, then the tail must begin with a colon; otherwise,
 247 // the option must match exactly.
 248 static bool match_option(const JavaVMOption* option, const char** names, const char** tail,
 249   bool tail_allowed) {
 250   for (/* empty */; *names != nullptr; ++names) {
 251   if (match_option(option, *names, tail)) {
 252       if (**tail == '\0' || (tail_allowed && **tail == ':')) {
 253         return true;
 254       }
 255     }
 256   }
 257   return false;
 258 }
 259 
 260 #if INCLUDE_JFR
 261 static bool _has_jfr_option = false;  // is using JFR
 262 
 263 // return true on failure
 264 static bool match_jfr_option(const JavaVMOption** option) {
 265   assert((*option)->optionString != nullptr, "invariant");
 266   char* tail = nullptr;
 267   if (match_option(*option, "-XX:StartFlightRecording", (const char**)&tail)) {
 268     _has_jfr_option = true;
 269     return Jfr::on_start_flight_recording_option(option, tail);
 270   } else if (match_option(*option, "-XX:FlightRecorderOptions", (const char**)&tail)) {
 271     _has_jfr_option = true;
 272     return Jfr::on_flight_recorder_option(option, tail);
 273   }
 274   return false;
 275 }
 276 
 277 bool Arguments::has_jfr_option() {
 278   return _has_jfr_option;
 279 }
 280 #endif
 281 
 282 static void logOption(const char* opt) {
 283   if (PrintVMOptions) {
 284     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(), "VM option '%s'\n", opt);
 285   }
 286 }
 287 
 288 bool needs_module_property_warning = false;
 289 
 290 #define MODULE_PROPERTY_PREFIX "jdk.module."
 291 #define MODULE_PROPERTY_PREFIX_LEN 11
 292 #define ADDEXPORTS "addexports"
 293 #define ADDEXPORTS_LEN 10
 294 #define ADDREADS "addreads"
 295 #define ADDREADS_LEN 8
 296 #define ADDOPENS "addopens"
 297 #define ADDOPENS_LEN 8
 298 #define PATCH "patch"
 299 #define PATCH_LEN 5
 300 #define ADDMODS "addmods"
 301 #define ADDMODS_LEN 7
 302 #define LIMITMODS "limitmods"
 303 #define LIMITMODS_LEN 9
 304 #define PATH "path"
 305 #define PATH_LEN 4
 306 #define UPGRADE_PATH "upgrade.path"
 307 #define UPGRADE_PATH_LEN 12
 308 #define ENABLE_NATIVE_ACCESS "enable.native.access"
 309 #define ENABLE_NATIVE_ACCESS_LEN 20
 310 #define ILLEGAL_NATIVE_ACCESS "illegal.native.access"
 311 #define ILLEGAL_NATIVE_ACCESS_LEN 21
 312 
 313 // Return TRUE if option matches 'property', or 'property=', or 'property.'.
 314 static bool matches_property_suffix(const char* option, const char* property, size_t len) {
 315   return ((strncmp(option, property, len) == 0) &&
 316           (option[len] == '=' || option[len] == '.' || option[len] == '\0'));
 317 }
 318 
 319 // Return true if property starts with "jdk.module." and its ensuing chars match
 320 // any of the reserved module properties.
 321 // property should be passed without the leading "-D".
 322 bool Arguments::is_internal_module_property(const char* property) {
 323   if  (strncmp(property, MODULE_PROPERTY_PREFIX, MODULE_PROPERTY_PREFIX_LEN) == 0) {
 324     const char* property_suffix = property + MODULE_PROPERTY_PREFIX_LEN;
 325     if (matches_property_suffix(property_suffix, ADDEXPORTS, ADDEXPORTS_LEN) ||
 326         matches_property_suffix(property_suffix, ADDREADS, ADDREADS_LEN) ||
 327         matches_property_suffix(property_suffix, ADDOPENS, ADDOPENS_LEN) ||
 328         matches_property_suffix(property_suffix, PATCH, PATCH_LEN) ||
 329         matches_property_suffix(property_suffix, ADDMODS, ADDMODS_LEN) ||
 330         matches_property_suffix(property_suffix, LIMITMODS, LIMITMODS_LEN) ||
 331         matches_property_suffix(property_suffix, PATH, PATH_LEN) ||
 332         matches_property_suffix(property_suffix, UPGRADE_PATH, UPGRADE_PATH_LEN) ||
 333         matches_property_suffix(property_suffix, ILLEGAL_NATIVE_ACCESS, ILLEGAL_NATIVE_ACCESS_LEN) ||
 334         matches_property_suffix(property_suffix, ENABLE_NATIVE_ACCESS, ENABLE_NATIVE_ACCESS_LEN)) {
 335       return true;
 336     }
 337   }
 338   return false;
 339 }
 340 
 341 bool Arguments::is_add_modules_property(const char* key) {
 342   return (strcmp(key, MODULE_PROPERTY_PREFIX ADDMODS) == 0);
 343 }
 344 
 345 // Return true if the key matches the --module-path property name ("jdk.module.path").
 346 bool Arguments::is_module_path_property(const char* key) {
 347   return (strcmp(key, MODULE_PROPERTY_PREFIX PATH) == 0);
 348 }
 349 
 350 // Process java launcher properties.
 351 void Arguments::process_sun_java_launcher_properties(JavaVMInitArgs* args) {
 352   // See if sun.java.launcher or sun.java.launcher.is_altjvm is defined.
 353   // Must do this before setting up other system properties,
 354   // as some of them may depend on launcher type.
 355   for (int index = 0; index < args->nOptions; index++) {
 356     const JavaVMOption* option = args->options + index;
 357     const char* tail;
 358 
 359     if (match_option(option, "-Dsun.java.launcher=", &tail)) {
 360       process_java_launcher_argument(tail, option->extraInfo);
 361       continue;
 362     }
 363     if (match_option(option, "-Dsun.java.launcher.is_altjvm=", &tail)) {
 364       if (strcmp(tail, "true") == 0) {
 365         _sun_java_launcher_is_altjvm = true;
 366       }
 367       continue;
 368     }
 369   }
 370 }
 371 
 372 // Initialize system properties key and value.
 373 void Arguments::init_system_properties() {
 374 
 375   // Set up _boot_class_path which is not a property but
 376   // relies heavily on argument processing and the jdk.boot.class.path.append
 377   // property. It is used to store the underlying boot class path.
 378   _boot_class_path = new PathString(nullptr);
 379 
 380   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, new SystemProperty("java.vm.specification.name",
 381                                                            "Java Virtual Machine Specification",  false));
 382   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, new SystemProperty("java.vm.version", VM_Version::vm_release(),  false));
 383   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, new SystemProperty("java.vm.name", VM_Version::vm_name(),  false));
 384   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, new SystemProperty("jdk.debug", VM_Version::jdk_debug_level(),  false));
 385 
 386   // Initialize the vm.info now, but it will need updating after argument parsing.
 387   _vm_info = new SystemProperty("java.vm.info", VM_Version::vm_info_string(), true);
 388 
 389   // Following are JVMTI agent writable properties.
 390   // Properties values are set to nullptr and they are
 391   // os specific they are initialized in os::init_system_properties_values().
 392   _sun_boot_library_path = new SystemProperty("sun.boot.library.path", nullptr,  true);
 393   _java_library_path = new SystemProperty("java.library.path", nullptr,  true);
 394   _java_home =  new SystemProperty("java.home", nullptr,  true);
 395   _java_class_path = new SystemProperty("java.class.path", "",  true);
 396   // jdk.boot.class.path.append is a non-writeable, internal property.
 397   // It can only be set by either:
 398   //    - -Xbootclasspath/a:
 399   //    - AddToBootstrapClassLoaderSearch during JVMTI OnLoad phase
 400   _jdk_boot_class_path_append = new SystemProperty("jdk.boot.class.path.append", nullptr, false, true);
 401 
 402   // Add to System Property list.
 403   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, _sun_boot_library_path);
 404   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, _java_library_path);
 405   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, _java_home);
 406   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, _java_class_path);
 407   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, _jdk_boot_class_path_append);
 408   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, _vm_info);
 409 
 410   // Set OS specific system properties values
 411   os::init_system_properties_values();
 412 }
 413 
 414 // Update/Initialize System properties after JDK version number is known
 415 void Arguments::init_version_specific_system_properties() {
 416   enum { bufsz = 16 };
 417   char buffer[bufsz];
 418   const char* spec_vendor = "Oracle Corporation";
 419   uint32_t spec_version = JDK_Version::current().major_version();
 420 
 421   jio_snprintf(buffer, bufsz, UINT32_FORMAT, spec_version);
 422 
 423   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties,
 424       new SystemProperty("java.vm.specification.vendor",  spec_vendor, false));
 425   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties,
 426       new SystemProperty("java.vm.specification.version", buffer, false));
 427   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties,
 428       new SystemProperty("java.vm.vendor", VM_Version::vm_vendor(),  false));
 429 }
 430 
 431 /*
 432  *  -XX argument processing:
 433  *
 434  *  -XX arguments are defined in several places, such as:
 435  *      globals.hpp, globals_<cpu>.hpp, globals_<os>.hpp, <compiler>_globals.hpp, or <gc>_globals.hpp.
 436  *  -XX arguments are parsed in parse_argument().
 437  *  -XX argument bounds checking is done in check_vm_args_consistency().
 438  *
 439  * Over time -XX arguments may change. There are mechanisms to handle common cases:
 440  *
 441  *      ALIASED: An option that is simply another name for another option. This is often
 442  *               part of the process of deprecating a flag, but not all aliases need
 443  *               to be deprecated.
 444  *
 445  *               Create an alias for an option by adding the old and new option names to the
 446  *               "aliased_jvm_flags" table. Delete the old variable from globals.hpp (etc).
 447  *
 448  *   DEPRECATED: An option that is supported, but a warning is printed to let the user know that
 449  *               support may be removed in the future. Both regular and aliased options may be
 450  *               deprecated.
 451  *
 452  *               Add a deprecation warning for an option (or alias) by adding an entry in the
 453  *               "special_jvm_flags" table and setting the "deprecated_in" field.
 454  *               Often an option "deprecated" in one major release will
 455  *               be made "obsolete" in the next. In this case the entry should also have its
 456  *               "obsolete_in" field set.
 457  *
 458  *     OBSOLETE: An option that has been removed (and deleted from globals.hpp), but is still accepted
 459  *               on the command line. A warning is printed to let the user know that option might not
 460  *               be accepted in the future.
 461  *
 462  *               Add an obsolete warning for an option by adding an entry in the "special_jvm_flags"
 463  *               table and setting the "obsolete_in" field.
 464  *
 465  *      EXPIRED: A deprecated or obsolete option that has an "accept_until" version less than or equal
 466  *               to the current JDK version. The system will flatly refuse to admit the existence of
 467  *               the flag. This allows a flag to die automatically over JDK releases.
 468  *
 469  *               Note that manual cleanup of expired options should be done at major JDK version upgrades:
 470  *                  - Newly expired options should be removed from the special_jvm_flags and aliased_jvm_flags tables.
 471  *                  - Newly obsolete or expired deprecated options should have their global variable
 472  *                    definitions removed (from globals.hpp, etc) and related implementations removed.
 473  *
 474  * Recommended approach for removing options:
 475  *
 476  * To remove options commonly used by customers (e.g. product -XX options), use
 477  * the 3-step model adding major release numbers to the deprecate, obsolete and expire columns.
 478  *
 479  * To remove internal options (e.g. diagnostic, experimental, develop options), use
 480  * a 2-step model adding major release numbers to the obsolete and expire columns.
 481  *
 482  * To change the name of an option, use the alias table as well as a 2-step
 483  * model adding major release numbers to the deprecate and expire columns.
 484  * Think twice about aliasing commonly used customer options.
 485  *
 486  * There are times when it is appropriate to leave a future release number as undefined.
 487  *
 488  * Tests:  Aliases should be tested in VMAliasOptions.java.
 489  *         Deprecated options should be tested in VMDeprecatedOptions.java.
 490  */
 491 
 492 // The special_jvm_flags table declares options that are being deprecated and/or obsoleted. The
 493 // "deprecated_in" or "obsolete_in" fields may be set to "undefined", but not both.
 494 // When the JDK version reaches 'deprecated_in' limit, the JVM will process this flag on
 495 // the command-line as usual, but will issue a warning.
 496 // When the JDK version reaches 'obsolete_in' limit, the JVM will continue accepting this flag on
 497 // the command-line, while issuing a warning and ignoring the flag value.
 498 // Once the JDK version reaches 'expired_in' limit, the JVM will flatly refuse to admit the
 499 // existence of the flag.
 500 //
 501 // MANUAL CLEANUP ON JDK VERSION UPDATES:
 502 // This table ensures that the handling of options will update automatically when the JDK
 503 // version is incremented, but the source code needs to be cleanup up manually:
 504 // - As "deprecated" options age into "obsolete" or "expired" options, the associated "globals"
 505 //   variable should be removed, as well as users of the variable.
 506 // - As "deprecated" options age into "obsolete" options, move the entry into the
 507 //   "Obsolete Flags" section of the table.
 508 // - All expired options should be removed from the table.
 509 static SpecialFlag const special_jvm_flags[] = {
 510   // -------------- Deprecated Flags --------------
 511   // --- Non-alias flags - sorted by obsolete_in then expired_in:
 512   { "AllowRedefinitionToAddDeleteMethods", JDK_Version::jdk(13), JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::undefined() },
 513   { "FlightRecorder",               JDK_Version::jdk(13), JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::undefined() },
 514   { "DumpSharedSpaces",             JDK_Version::jdk(18), JDK_Version::jdk(19), JDK_Version::undefined() },
 515   { "DynamicDumpSharedSpaces",      JDK_Version::jdk(18), JDK_Version::jdk(19), JDK_Version::undefined() },
 516   { "RequireSharedSpaces",          JDK_Version::jdk(18), JDK_Version::jdk(19), JDK_Version::undefined() },
 517   { "UseSharedSpaces",              JDK_Version::jdk(18), JDK_Version::jdk(19), JDK_Version::undefined() },
 518   { "DontYieldALot",                JDK_Version::jdk(23), JDK_Version::jdk(24), JDK_Version::jdk(25) },
 519 #ifdef LINUX
 520   { "UseLinuxPosixThreadCPUClocks", JDK_Version::jdk(24), JDK_Version::jdk(25), JDK_Version::jdk(26) },
 521 #endif
 522   { "LockingMode",                  JDK_Version::jdk(24), JDK_Version::jdk(26), JDK_Version::jdk(27) },
 523   // --- Deprecated alias flags (see also aliased_jvm_flags) - sorted by obsolete_in then expired_in:
 524   { "CreateMinidumpOnCrash",        JDK_Version::jdk(9),  JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::undefined() },
 525 
 526   // -------------- Obsolete Flags - sorted by expired_in --------------
 527 
 528   { "MetaspaceReclaimPolicy",       JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::jdk(21), JDK_Version::undefined() },
 529   { "ZGenerational",                JDK_Version::jdk(23), JDK_Version::jdk(24), JDK_Version::undefined() },
 530   { "UseNotificationThread",        JDK_Version::jdk(23), JDK_Version::jdk(24), JDK_Version::jdk(25) },
 531   { "PreserveAllAnnotations",       JDK_Version::jdk(23), JDK_Version::jdk(24), JDK_Version::jdk(25) },
 532   { "UseEmptySlotsInSupers",        JDK_Version::jdk(23), JDK_Version::jdk(24), JDK_Version::jdk(25) },
 533   { "OldSize",                      JDK_Version::jdk(23), JDK_Version::jdk(24), JDK_Version::jdk(25) },
 534 #if defined(X86)
 535   { "UseRTMLocking",                JDK_Version::jdk(23), JDK_Version::jdk(24), JDK_Version::jdk(25) },
 536   { "UseRTMDeopt",                  JDK_Version::jdk(23), JDK_Version::jdk(24), JDK_Version::jdk(25) },
 537   { "RTMRetryCount",                JDK_Version::jdk(23), JDK_Version::jdk(24), JDK_Version::jdk(25) },
 538 #endif // X86
 539 
 540 
 541   { "BaseFootPrintEstimate",           JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::jdk(24), JDK_Version::jdk(25) },
 542   { "HeapFirstMaximumCompactionCount", JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::jdk(24), JDK_Version::jdk(25) },
 543   { "UseVtableBasedCHA",               JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::jdk(24), JDK_Version::jdk(25) },
 544 #ifdef ASSERT
 545   { "DummyObsoleteTestFlag",        JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::jdk(18), JDK_Version::undefined() },
 546 #endif
 547 
 548 #ifdef TEST_VERIFY_SPECIAL_JVM_FLAGS
 549   // These entries will generate build errors.  Their purpose is to test the macros.
 550   { "dep > obs",                    JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::jdk(8), JDK_Version::undefined() },
 551   { "dep > exp ",                   JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::jdk(8) },
 552   { "obs > exp ",                   JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::jdk(8) },
 553   { "obs > exp",                    JDK_Version::jdk(8), JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::jdk(10) },
 554   { "not deprecated or obsolete",   JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::jdk(9) },
 555   { "dup option",                   JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::undefined() },
 556   { "dup option",                   JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::undefined() },
 557 #endif
 558 
 559   { nullptr, JDK_Version(0), JDK_Version(0) }
 560 };
 561 
 562 // Flags that are aliases for other flags.
 563 typedef struct {
 564   const char* alias_name;
 565   const char* real_name;
 566 } AliasedFlag;
 567 
 568 static AliasedFlag const aliased_jvm_flags[] = {
 569   { "CreateMinidumpOnCrash",    "CreateCoredumpOnCrash" },
 570   { nullptr, nullptr}
 571 };
 572 
 573 // Return true if "v" is less than "other", where "other" may be "undefined".
 574 static bool version_less_than(JDK_Version v, JDK_Version other) {
 575   assert(!v.is_undefined(), "must be defined");
 576   if (!other.is_undefined() && v.compare(other) >= 0) {
 577     return false;
 578   } else {
 579     return true;
 580   }
 581 }
 582 
 583 static bool lookup_special_flag(const char *flag_name, SpecialFlag& flag) {
 584   for (size_t i = 0; special_jvm_flags[i].name != nullptr; i++) {
 585     if ((strcmp(special_jvm_flags[i].name, flag_name) == 0)) {
 586       flag = special_jvm_flags[i];
 587       return true;
 588     }
 589   }
 590   return false;
 591 }
 592 
 593 bool Arguments::is_obsolete_flag(const char *flag_name, JDK_Version* version) {
 594   assert(version != nullptr, "Must provide a version buffer");
 595   SpecialFlag flag;
 596   if (lookup_special_flag(flag_name, flag)) {
 597     if (!flag.obsolete_in.is_undefined()) {
 598       if (!version_less_than(JDK_Version::current(), flag.obsolete_in)) {
 599         *version = flag.obsolete_in;
 600         // This flag may have been marked for obsoletion in this version, but we may not
 601         // have actually removed it yet. Rather than ignoring it as soon as we reach
 602         // this version we allow some time for the removal to happen. So if the flag
 603         // still actually exists we process it as normal, but issue an adjusted warning.
 604         const JVMFlag *real_flag = JVMFlag::find_declared_flag(flag_name);
 605         if (real_flag != nullptr) {
 606           char version_str[256];
 607           version->to_string(version_str, sizeof(version_str));
 608           warning("Temporarily processing option %s; support is scheduled for removal in %s",
 609                   flag_name, version_str);
 610           return false;
 611         }
 612         return true;
 613       }
 614     }
 615   }
 616   return false;
 617 }
 618 
 619 int Arguments::is_deprecated_flag(const char *flag_name, JDK_Version* version) {
 620   assert(version != nullptr, "Must provide a version buffer");
 621   SpecialFlag flag;
 622   if (lookup_special_flag(flag_name, flag)) {
 623     if (!flag.deprecated_in.is_undefined()) {
 624       if (version_less_than(JDK_Version::current(), flag.obsolete_in) &&
 625           version_less_than(JDK_Version::current(), flag.expired_in)) {
 626         *version = flag.deprecated_in;
 627         return 1;
 628       } else {
 629         return -1;
 630       }
 631     }
 632   }
 633   return 0;
 634 }
 635 
 636 const char* Arguments::real_flag_name(const char *flag_name) {
 637   for (size_t i = 0; aliased_jvm_flags[i].alias_name != nullptr; i++) {
 638     const AliasedFlag& flag_status = aliased_jvm_flags[i];
 639     if (strcmp(flag_status.alias_name, flag_name) == 0) {
 640         return flag_status.real_name;
 641     }
 642   }
 643   return flag_name;
 644 }
 645 
 646 #ifdef ASSERT
 647 static bool lookup_special_flag(const char *flag_name, size_t skip_index) {
 648   for (size_t i = 0; special_jvm_flags[i].name != nullptr; i++) {
 649     if ((i != skip_index) && (strcmp(special_jvm_flags[i].name, flag_name) == 0)) {
 650       return true;
 651     }
 652   }
 653   return false;
 654 }
 655 
 656 // Verifies the correctness of the entries in the special_jvm_flags table.
 657 // If there is a semantic error (i.e. a bug in the table) such as the obsoletion
 658 // version being earlier than the deprecation version, then a warning is issued
 659 // and verification fails - by returning false. If it is detected that the table
 660 // is out of date, with respect to the current version, then ideally a warning is
 661 // issued but verification does not fail. This allows the VM to operate when the
 662 // version is first updated, without needing to update all the impacted flags at
 663 // the same time. In practice we can't issue the warning immediately when the version
 664 // is updated as it occurs for every test and some tests are not prepared to handle
 665 // unexpected output - see 8196739. Instead we only check if the table is up-to-date
 666 // if the check_globals flag is true, and in addition allow a grace period and only
 667 // check for stale flags when we hit build 25 (which is far enough into the 6 month
 668 // release cycle that all flag updates should have been processed, whilst still
 669 // leaving time to make the change before RDP2).
 670 // We use a gtest to call this, passing true, so that we can detect stale flags before
 671 // the end of the release cycle.
 672 
 673 static const int SPECIAL_FLAG_VALIDATION_BUILD = 25;
 674 
 675 bool Arguments::verify_special_jvm_flags(bool check_globals) {
 676   bool success = true;
 677   for (size_t i = 0; special_jvm_flags[i].name != nullptr; i++) {
 678     const SpecialFlag& flag = special_jvm_flags[i];
 679     if (lookup_special_flag(flag.name, i)) {
 680       warning("Duplicate special flag declaration \"%s\"", flag.name);
 681       success = false;
 682     }
 683     if (flag.deprecated_in.is_undefined() &&
 684         flag.obsolete_in.is_undefined()) {
 685       warning("Special flag entry \"%s\" must declare version deprecated and/or obsoleted in.", flag.name);
 686       success = false;
 687     }
 688 
 689     if (!flag.deprecated_in.is_undefined()) {
 690       if (!version_less_than(flag.deprecated_in, flag.obsolete_in)) {
 691         warning("Special flag entry \"%s\" must be deprecated before obsoleted.", flag.name);
 692         success = false;
 693       }
 694 
 695       if (!version_less_than(flag.deprecated_in, flag.expired_in)) {
 696         warning("Special flag entry \"%s\" must be deprecated before expired.", flag.name);
 697         success = false;
 698       }
 699     }
 700 
 701     if (!flag.obsolete_in.is_undefined()) {
 702       if (!version_less_than(flag.obsolete_in, flag.expired_in)) {
 703         warning("Special flag entry \"%s\" must be obsoleted before expired.", flag.name);
 704         success = false;
 705       }
 706 
 707       // if flag has become obsolete it should not have a "globals" flag defined anymore.
 708       if (check_globals && VM_Version::vm_build_number() >= SPECIAL_FLAG_VALIDATION_BUILD &&
 709           !version_less_than(JDK_Version::current(), flag.obsolete_in)) {
 710         if (JVMFlag::find_declared_flag(flag.name) != nullptr) {
 711           warning("Global variable for obsolete special flag entry \"%s\" should be removed", flag.name);
 712           success = false;
 713         }
 714       }
 715 
 716     } else if (!flag.expired_in.is_undefined()) {
 717       warning("Special flag entry \"%s\" must be explicitly obsoleted before expired.", flag.name);
 718       success = false;
 719     }
 720 
 721     if (!flag.expired_in.is_undefined()) {
 722       // if flag has become expired it should not have a "globals" flag defined anymore.
 723       if (check_globals && VM_Version::vm_build_number() >= SPECIAL_FLAG_VALIDATION_BUILD &&
 724           !version_less_than(JDK_Version::current(), flag.expired_in)) {
 725         if (JVMFlag::find_declared_flag(flag.name) != nullptr) {
 726           warning("Global variable for expired flag entry \"%s\" should be removed", flag.name);
 727           success = false;
 728         }
 729       }
 730     }
 731   }
 732   return success;
 733 }
 734 #endif
 735 
 736 bool Arguments::atojulong(const char *s, julong* result) {
 737   return parse_integer(s, result);
 738 }
 739 
 740 Arguments::ArgsRange Arguments::check_memory_size(julong size, julong min_size, julong max_size) {
 741   if (size < min_size) return arg_too_small;
 742   if (size > max_size) return arg_too_big;
 743   return arg_in_range;
 744 }
 745 
 746 // Describe an argument out of range error
 747 void Arguments::describe_range_error(ArgsRange errcode) {
 748   switch(errcode) {
 749   case arg_too_big:
 750     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
 751                 "The specified size exceeds the maximum "
 752                 "representable size.\n");
 753     break;
 754   case arg_too_small:
 755   case arg_unreadable:
 756   case arg_in_range:
 757     // do nothing for now
 758     break;
 759   default:
 760     ShouldNotReachHere();
 761   }
 762 }
 763 
 764 static bool set_bool_flag(JVMFlag* flag, bool value, JVMFlagOrigin origin) {
 765   if (JVMFlagAccess::set_bool(flag, &value, origin) == JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
 766     return true;
 767   } else {
 768     return false;
 769   }
 770 }
 771 
 772 static bool set_fp_numeric_flag(JVMFlag* flag, const char* value, JVMFlagOrigin origin) {
 773   // strtod allows leading whitespace, but our flag format does not.
 774   if (*value == '\0' || isspace((unsigned char) *value)) {
 775     return false;
 776   }
 777   char* end;
 778   errno = 0;
 779   double v = strtod(value, &end);
 780   if ((errno != 0) || (*end != 0)) {
 781     return false;
 782   }
 783   if (g_isnan(v) || !g_isfinite(v)) {
 784     // Currently we cannot handle these special values.
 785     return false;
 786   }
 787 
 788   if (JVMFlagAccess::set_double(flag, &v, origin) == JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
 789     return true;
 790   }
 791   return false;
 792 }
 793 
 794 static bool set_numeric_flag(JVMFlag* flag, const char* value, JVMFlagOrigin origin) {
 795   JVMFlag::Error result = JVMFlag::WRONG_FORMAT;
 796 
 797   if (flag->is_int()) {
 798     int v;
 799     if (parse_integer(value, &v)) {
 800       result = JVMFlagAccess::set_int(flag, &v, origin);
 801     }
 802   } else if (flag->is_uint()) {
 803     uint v;
 804     if (parse_integer(value, &v)) {
 805       result = JVMFlagAccess::set_uint(flag, &v, origin);
 806     }
 807   } else if (flag->is_intx()) {
 808     intx v;
 809     if (parse_integer(value, &v)) {
 810       result = JVMFlagAccess::set_intx(flag, &v, origin);
 811     }
 812   } else if (flag->is_uintx()) {
 813     uintx v;
 814     if (parse_integer(value, &v)) {
 815       result = JVMFlagAccess::set_uintx(flag, &v, origin);
 816     }
 817   } else if (flag->is_uint64_t()) {
 818     uint64_t v;
 819     if (parse_integer(value, &v)) {
 820       result = JVMFlagAccess::set_uint64_t(flag, &v, origin);
 821     }
 822   } else if (flag->is_size_t()) {
 823     size_t v;
 824     if (parse_integer(value, &v)) {
 825       result = JVMFlagAccess::set_size_t(flag, &v, origin);
 826     }
 827   }
 828 
 829   return result == JVMFlag::SUCCESS;
 830 }
 831 
 832 static bool set_string_flag(JVMFlag* flag, const char* value, JVMFlagOrigin origin) {
 833   if (value[0] == '\0') {
 834     value = nullptr;
 835   }
 836   if (JVMFlagAccess::set_ccstr(flag, &value, origin) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) return false;
 837   // Contract:  JVMFlag always returns a pointer that needs freeing.
 838   FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, value);
 839   return true;
 840 }
 841 
 842 static bool append_to_string_flag(JVMFlag* flag, const char* new_value, JVMFlagOrigin origin) {
 843   const char* old_value = "";
 844   if (JVMFlagAccess::get_ccstr(flag, &old_value) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) return false;
 845   size_t old_len = old_value != nullptr ? strlen(old_value) : 0;
 846   size_t new_len = strlen(new_value);
 847   const char* value;
 848   char* free_this_too = nullptr;
 849   if (old_len == 0) {
 850     value = new_value;
 851   } else if (new_len == 0) {
 852     value = old_value;
 853   } else {
 854      size_t length = old_len + 1 + new_len + 1;
 855      char* buf = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, length, mtArguments);
 856     // each new setting adds another LINE to the switch:
 857     jio_snprintf(buf, length, "%s\n%s", old_value, new_value);
 858     value = buf;
 859     free_this_too = buf;
 860   }
 861   (void) JVMFlagAccess::set_ccstr(flag, &value, origin);
 862   // JVMFlag always returns a pointer that needs freeing.
 863   FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, value);
 864   // JVMFlag made its own copy, so I must delete my own temp. buffer.
 865   FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, free_this_too);
 866   return true;
 867 }
 868 
 869 const char* Arguments::handle_aliases_and_deprecation(const char* arg) {
 870   const char* real_name = real_flag_name(arg);
 871   JDK_Version since = JDK_Version();
 872   switch (is_deprecated_flag(arg, &since)) {
 873   case -1: {
 874       // Obsolete or expired, so don't process normally,
 875       // but allow for an obsolete flag we're still
 876       // temporarily allowing.
 877       if (!is_obsolete_flag(arg, &since)) {
 878         return real_name;
 879       }
 880       // Note if we're not considered obsolete then we can't be expired either
 881       // as obsoletion must come first.
 882       return nullptr;
 883     }
 884     case 0:
 885       return real_name;
 886     case 1: {
 887       char version[256];
 888       since.to_string(version, sizeof(version));
 889       if (real_name != arg) {
 890         warning("Option %s was deprecated in version %s and will likely be removed in a future release. Use option %s instead.",
 891                 arg, version, real_name);
 892       } else {
 893         warning("Option %s was deprecated in version %s and will likely be removed in a future release.",
 894                 arg, version);
 895       }
 896       return real_name;
 897     }
 898   }
 899   ShouldNotReachHere();
 900   return nullptr;
 901 }
 902 
 903 #define BUFLEN 255
 904 
 905 JVMFlag* Arguments::find_jvm_flag(const char* name, size_t name_length) {
 906   char name_copied[BUFLEN+1];
 907   if (name[name_length] != 0) {
 908     if (name_length > BUFLEN) {
 909       return nullptr;
 910     } else {
 911       strncpy(name_copied, name, name_length);
 912       name_copied[name_length] = '\0';
 913       name = name_copied;
 914     }
 915   }
 916 
 917   const char* real_name = Arguments::handle_aliases_and_deprecation(name);
 918   if (real_name == nullptr) {
 919     return nullptr;
 920   }
 921   JVMFlag* flag = JVMFlag::find_flag(real_name);
 922   return flag;
 923 }
 924 
 925 bool Arguments::parse_argument(const char* arg, JVMFlagOrigin origin) {
 926   bool is_bool = false;
 927   bool bool_val = false;
 928   char c = *arg;
 929   if (c == '+' || c == '-') {
 930     is_bool = true;
 931     bool_val = (c == '+');
 932     arg++;
 933   }
 934 
 935   const char* name = arg;
 936   while (true) {
 937     c = *arg;
 938     if (isalnum(c) || (c == '_')) {
 939       ++arg;
 940     } else {
 941       break;
 942     }
 943   }
 944 
 945   size_t name_len = size_t(arg - name);
 946   if (name_len == 0) {
 947     return false;
 948   }
 949 
 950   JVMFlag* flag = find_jvm_flag(name, name_len);
 951   if (flag == nullptr) {
 952     return false;
 953   }
 954 
 955   if (is_bool) {
 956     if (*arg != 0) {
 957       // Error -- extra characters such as -XX:+BoolFlag=123
 958       return false;
 959     }
 960     return set_bool_flag(flag, bool_val, origin);
 961   }
 962 
 963   if (arg[0] == '=') {
 964     const char* value = arg + 1;
 965     if (flag->is_ccstr()) {
 966       if (flag->ccstr_accumulates()) {
 967         return append_to_string_flag(flag, value, origin);
 968       } else {
 969         return set_string_flag(flag, value, origin);
 970       }
 971     } else if (flag->is_double()) {
 972       return set_fp_numeric_flag(flag, value, origin);
 973     } else {
 974       return set_numeric_flag(flag, value, origin);
 975     }
 976   }
 977 
 978   if (arg[0] == ':' && arg[1] == '=') {
 979     // -XX:Foo:=xxx will reset the string flag to the given value.
 980     const char* value = arg + 2;
 981     return set_string_flag(flag, value, origin);
 982   }
 983 
 984   return false;
 985 }
 986 
 987 void Arguments::add_string(char*** bldarray, int* count, const char* arg) {
 988   assert(bldarray != nullptr, "illegal argument");
 989 
 990   if (arg == nullptr) {
 991     return;
 992   }
 993 
 994   int new_count = *count + 1;
 995 
 996   // expand the array and add arg to the last element
 997   if (*bldarray == nullptr) {
 998     *bldarray = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char*, new_count, mtArguments);
 999   } else {
1000     *bldarray = REALLOC_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char*, *bldarray, new_count, mtArguments);
1001   }
1002   (*bldarray)[*count] = os::strdup_check_oom(arg);
1003   *count = new_count;
1004 }
1005 
1006 void Arguments::build_jvm_args(const char* arg) {
1007   add_string(&_jvm_args_array, &_num_jvm_args, arg);
1008 }
1009 
1010 void Arguments::build_jvm_flags(const char* arg) {
1011   add_string(&_jvm_flags_array, &_num_jvm_flags, arg);
1012 }
1013 
1014 // utility function to return a string that concatenates all
1015 // strings in a given char** array
1016 const char* Arguments::build_resource_string(char** args, int count) {
1017   if (args == nullptr || count == 0) {
1018     return nullptr;
1019   }
1020   size_t length = 0;
1021   for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
1022     length += strlen(args[i]) + 1; // add 1 for a space or null terminating character
1023   }
1024   char* s = NEW_RESOURCE_ARRAY(char, length);
1025   char* dst = s;
1026   for (int j = 0; j < count; j++) {
1027     size_t offset = strlen(args[j]) + 1; // add 1 for a space or null terminating character
1028     jio_snprintf(dst, length, "%s ", args[j]); // jio_snprintf will replace the last space character with null character
1029     dst += offset;
1030     length -= offset;
1031   }
1032   return (const char*) s;
1033 }
1034 
1035 void Arguments::print_on(outputStream* st) {
1036   st->print_cr("VM Arguments:");
1037   if (num_jvm_flags() > 0) {
1038     st->print("jvm_flags: "); print_jvm_flags_on(st);
1039     st->cr();
1040   }
1041   if (num_jvm_args() > 0) {
1042     st->print("jvm_args: "); print_jvm_args_on(st);
1043     st->cr();
1044   }
1045   st->print_cr("java_command: %s", java_command() ? java_command() : "<unknown>");
1046   if (_java_class_path != nullptr) {
1047     char* path = _java_class_path->value();
1048     size_t len = strlen(path);
1049     st->print("java_class_path (initial): ");
1050     // Avoid using st->print_cr() because path length maybe longer than O_BUFLEN.
1051     if (len == 0) {
1052       st->print_raw_cr("<not set>");
1053     } else {
1054       st->print_raw_cr(path, len);
1055     }
1056   }
1057   st->print_cr("Launcher Type: %s", _sun_java_launcher);
1058 }
1059 
1060 void Arguments::print_summary_on(outputStream* st) {
1061   // Print the command line.  Environment variables that are helpful for
1062   // reproducing the problem are written later in the hs_err file.
1063   // flags are from setting file
1064   if (num_jvm_flags() > 0) {
1065     st->print_raw("Settings File: ");
1066     print_jvm_flags_on(st);
1067     st->cr();
1068   }
1069   // args are the command line and environment variable arguments.
1070   st->print_raw("Command Line: ");
1071   if (num_jvm_args() > 0) {
1072     print_jvm_args_on(st);
1073   }
1074   // this is the classfile and any arguments to the java program
1075   if (java_command() != nullptr) {
1076     st->print("%s", java_command());
1077   }
1078   st->cr();
1079 }
1080 
1081 void Arguments::print_jvm_flags_on(outputStream* st) {
1082   if (_num_jvm_flags > 0) {
1083     for (int i=0; i < _num_jvm_flags; i++) {
1084       st->print("%s ", _jvm_flags_array[i]);
1085     }
1086   }
1087 }
1088 
1089 void Arguments::print_jvm_args_on(outputStream* st) {
1090   if (_num_jvm_args > 0) {
1091     for (int i=0; i < _num_jvm_args; i++) {
1092       st->print("%s ", _jvm_args_array[i]);
1093     }
1094   }
1095 }
1096 
1097 bool Arguments::process_argument(const char* arg,
1098                                  jboolean ignore_unrecognized,
1099                                  JVMFlagOrigin origin) {
1100   JDK_Version since = JDK_Version();
1101 
1102   if (parse_argument(arg, origin)) {
1103     return true;
1104   }
1105 
1106   // Determine if the flag has '+', '-', or '=' characters.
1107   bool has_plus_minus = (*arg == '+' || *arg == '-');
1108   const char* const argname = has_plus_minus ? arg + 1 : arg;
1109 
1110   size_t arg_len;
1111   const char* equal_sign = strchr(argname, '=');
1112   if (equal_sign == nullptr) {
1113     arg_len = strlen(argname);
1114   } else {
1115     arg_len = equal_sign - argname;
1116   }
1117 
1118   // Only make the obsolete check for valid arguments.
1119   if (arg_len <= BUFLEN) {
1120     // Construct a string which consists only of the argument name without '+', '-', or '='.
1121     char stripped_argname[BUFLEN+1]; // +1 for '\0'
1122     jio_snprintf(stripped_argname, arg_len+1, "%s", argname); // +1 for '\0'
1123     if (is_obsolete_flag(stripped_argname, &since)) {
1124       char version[256];
1125       since.to_string(version, sizeof(version));
1126       warning("Ignoring option %s; support was removed in %s", stripped_argname, version);
1127       return true;
1128     }
1129   }
1130 
1131   // For locked flags, report a custom error message if available.
1132   // Otherwise, report the standard unrecognized VM option.
1133   const JVMFlag* found_flag = JVMFlag::find_declared_flag((const char*)argname, arg_len);
1134   if (found_flag != nullptr) {
1135     char locked_message_buf[BUFLEN];
1136     JVMFlag::MsgType msg_type = found_flag->get_locked_message(locked_message_buf, BUFLEN);
1137     if (strlen(locked_message_buf) != 0) {
1138 #ifdef PRODUCT
1139       bool mismatched = msg_type == JVMFlag::DEVELOPER_FLAG_BUT_PRODUCT_BUILD;
1140       if (ignore_unrecognized && mismatched) {
1141         return true;
1142       }
1143 #endif
1144       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(), "%s", locked_message_buf);
1145     }
1146     if (found_flag->is_bool() && !has_plus_minus) {
1147       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1148         "Missing +/- setting for VM option '%s'\n", argname);
1149     } else if (!found_flag->is_bool() && has_plus_minus) {
1150       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1151         "Unexpected +/- setting in VM option '%s'\n", argname);
1152     } else {
1153       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1154         "Improperly specified VM option '%s'\n", argname);
1155     }
1156   } else {
1157     if (ignore_unrecognized) {
1158       return true;
1159     }
1160     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1161                 "Unrecognized VM option '%s'\n", argname);
1162     JVMFlag* fuzzy_matched = JVMFlag::fuzzy_match((const char*)argname, arg_len, true);
1163     if (fuzzy_matched != nullptr) {
1164       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1165                   "Did you mean '%s%s%s'?\n",
1166                   (fuzzy_matched->is_bool()) ? "(+/-)" : "",
1167                   fuzzy_matched->name(),
1168                   (fuzzy_matched->is_bool()) ? "" : "=<value>");
1169     }
1170   }
1171 
1172   // allow for commandline "commenting out" options like -XX:#+Verbose
1173   return arg[0] == '#';
1174 }
1175 
1176 bool Arguments::process_settings_file(const char* file_name, bool should_exist, jboolean ignore_unrecognized) {
1177   FILE* stream = os::fopen(file_name, "rb");
1178   if (stream == nullptr) {
1179     if (should_exist) {
1180       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1181                   "Could not open settings file %s\n", file_name);
1182       return false;
1183     } else {
1184       return true;
1185     }
1186   }
1187 
1188   char token[1024];
1189   int  pos = 0;
1190 
1191   bool in_white_space = true;
1192   bool in_comment     = false;
1193   bool in_quote       = false;
1194   int  quote_c        = 0;
1195   bool result         = true;
1196 
1197   int c = getc(stream);
1198   while(c != EOF && pos < (int)(sizeof(token)-1)) {
1199     if (in_white_space) {
1200       if (in_comment) {
1201         if (c == '\n') in_comment = false;
1202       } else {
1203         if (c == '#') in_comment = true;
1204         else if (!isspace((unsigned char) c)) {
1205           in_white_space = false;
1206           token[pos++] = checked_cast<char>(c);
1207         }
1208       }
1209     } else {
1210       if (c == '\n' || (!in_quote && isspace((unsigned char) c))) {
1211         // token ends at newline, or at unquoted whitespace
1212         // this allows a way to include spaces in string-valued options
1213         token[pos] = '\0';
1214         logOption(token);
1215         result &= process_argument(token, ignore_unrecognized, JVMFlagOrigin::CONFIG_FILE);
1216         build_jvm_flags(token);
1217         pos = 0;
1218         in_white_space = true;
1219         in_quote = false;
1220       } else if (!in_quote && (c == '\'' || c == '"')) {
1221         in_quote = true;
1222         quote_c = c;
1223       } else if (in_quote && (c == quote_c)) {
1224         in_quote = false;
1225       } else {
1226         token[pos++] = checked_cast<char>(c);
1227       }
1228     }
1229     c = getc(stream);
1230   }
1231   if (pos > 0) {
1232     token[pos] = '\0';
1233     result &= process_argument(token, ignore_unrecognized, JVMFlagOrigin::CONFIG_FILE);
1234     build_jvm_flags(token);
1235   }
1236   fclose(stream);
1237   return result;
1238 }
1239 
1240 //=============================================================================================================
1241 // Parsing of properties (-D)
1242 
1243 const char* Arguments::get_property(const char* key) {
1244   return PropertyList_get_value(system_properties(), key);
1245 }
1246 
1247 bool Arguments::add_property(const char* prop, PropertyWriteable writeable, PropertyInternal internal) {
1248   const char* eq = strchr(prop, '=');
1249   const char* key;
1250   const char* value = "";
1251 
1252   if (eq == nullptr) {
1253     // property doesn't have a value, thus use passed string
1254     key = prop;
1255   } else {
1256     // property have a value, thus extract it and save to the
1257     // allocated string
1258     size_t key_len = eq - prop;
1259     char* tmp_key = AllocateHeap(key_len + 1, mtArguments);
1260 
1261     jio_snprintf(tmp_key, key_len + 1, "%s", prop);
1262     key = tmp_key;
1263 
1264     value = &prop[key_len + 1];
1265   }
1266 
1267   if (internal == ExternalProperty) {
1268     CDSConfig::check_incompatible_property(key, value);
1269   }
1270 
1271   if (strcmp(key, "java.compiler") == 0) {
1272     // we no longer support java.compiler system property, log a warning and let it get
1273     // passed to Java, like any other system property
1274     if (strlen(value) == 0 || strcasecmp(value, "NONE") == 0) {
1275         // for applications using NONE or empty value, log a more informative message
1276         warning("The java.compiler system property is obsolete and no longer supported, use -Xint");
1277     } else {
1278         warning("The java.compiler system property is obsolete and no longer supported.");
1279     }
1280   } else if (strcmp(key, "sun.java.launcher.is_altjvm") == 0) {
1281     // sun.java.launcher.is_altjvm property is
1282     // private and is processed in process_sun_java_launcher_properties();
1283     // the sun.java.launcher property is passed on to the java application
1284   } else if (strcmp(key, "sun.boot.library.path") == 0) {
1285     // append is true, writable is true, internal is false
1286     PropertyList_unique_add(&_system_properties, key, value, AppendProperty,
1287                             WriteableProperty, ExternalProperty);
1288   } else {
1289     if (strcmp(key, "sun.java.command") == 0) {
1290       char *old_java_command = _java_command;
1291       _java_command = os::strdup_check_oom(value, mtArguments);
1292       if (old_java_command != nullptr) {
1293         os::free(old_java_command);
1294       }
1295     } else if (strcmp(key, "java.vendor.url.bug") == 0) {
1296       // If this property is set on the command line then its value will be
1297       // displayed in VM error logs as the URL at which to submit such logs.
1298       // Normally the URL displayed in error logs is different from the value
1299       // of this system property, so a different property should have been
1300       // used here, but we leave this as-is in case someone depends upon it.
1301       const char* old_java_vendor_url_bug = _java_vendor_url_bug;
1302       // save it in _java_vendor_url_bug, so JVM fatal error handler can access
1303       // its value without going through the property list or making a Java call.
1304       _java_vendor_url_bug = os::strdup_check_oom(value, mtArguments);
1305       if (old_java_vendor_url_bug != nullptr) {
1306         os::free((void *)old_java_vendor_url_bug);
1307       }
1308     }
1309 
1310     // Create new property and add at the end of the list
1311     PropertyList_unique_add(&_system_properties, key, value, AddProperty, writeable, internal);
1312   }
1313 
1314   if (key != prop) {
1315     // SystemProperty copy passed value, thus free previously allocated
1316     // memory
1317     FreeHeap((void *)key);
1318   }
1319 
1320   return true;
1321 }
1322 
1323 //===========================================================================================================
1324 // Setting int/mixed/comp mode flags
1325 
1326 void Arguments::set_mode_flags(Mode mode) {
1327   // Set up default values for all flags.
1328   // If you add a flag to any of the branches below,
1329   // add a default value for it here.
1330   _mode                      = mode;
1331 
1332   // Ensure Agent_OnLoad has the correct initial values.
1333   // This may not be the final mode; mode may change later in onload phase.
1334   PropertyList_unique_add(&_system_properties, "java.vm.info",
1335                           VM_Version::vm_info_string(), AddProperty, UnwriteableProperty, ExternalProperty);
1336 
1337   UseInterpreter             = true;
1338   UseCompiler                = true;
1339   UseLoopCounter             = true;
1340 
1341   // Default values may be platform/compiler dependent -
1342   // use the saved values
1343   ClipInlining               = Arguments::_ClipInlining;
1344   AlwaysCompileLoopMethods   = Arguments::_AlwaysCompileLoopMethods;
1345   UseOnStackReplacement      = Arguments::_UseOnStackReplacement;
1346   BackgroundCompilation      = Arguments::_BackgroundCompilation;
1347 
1348   // Change from defaults based on mode
1349   switch (mode) {
1350   default:
1351     ShouldNotReachHere();
1352     break;
1353   case _int:
1354     UseCompiler              = false;
1355     UseLoopCounter           = false;
1356     AlwaysCompileLoopMethods = false;
1357     UseOnStackReplacement    = false;
1358     break;
1359   case _mixed:
1360     // same as default
1361     break;
1362   case _comp:
1363     UseInterpreter           = false;
1364     BackgroundCompilation    = false;
1365     ClipInlining             = false;
1366     break;
1367   }
1368 }
1369 
1370 // Conflict: required to use shared spaces (-Xshare:on), but
1371 // incompatible command line options were chosen.
1372 void Arguments::no_shared_spaces(const char* message) {
1373   if (RequireSharedSpaces) {
1374     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1375       "Class data sharing is inconsistent with other specified options.\n");
1376     vm_exit_during_initialization("Unable to use shared archive", message);
1377   } else {
1378     log_info(cds)("Unable to use shared archive: %s", message);
1379     UseSharedSpaces = false;
1380   }
1381 }
1382 
1383 static void set_object_alignment() {
1384   // Object alignment.
1385   assert(is_power_of_2(ObjectAlignmentInBytes), "ObjectAlignmentInBytes must be power of 2");
1386   MinObjAlignmentInBytes     = ObjectAlignmentInBytes;
1387   assert(MinObjAlignmentInBytes >= HeapWordsPerLong * HeapWordSize, "ObjectAlignmentInBytes value is too small");
1388   MinObjAlignment            = MinObjAlignmentInBytes / HeapWordSize;
1389   assert(MinObjAlignmentInBytes == MinObjAlignment * HeapWordSize, "ObjectAlignmentInBytes value is incorrect");
1390   MinObjAlignmentInBytesMask = MinObjAlignmentInBytes - 1;
1391 
1392   LogMinObjAlignmentInBytes  = exact_log2(ObjectAlignmentInBytes);
1393   LogMinObjAlignment         = LogMinObjAlignmentInBytes - LogHeapWordSize;
1394 
1395   // Oop encoding heap max
1396   OopEncodingHeapMax = (uint64_t(max_juint) + 1) << LogMinObjAlignmentInBytes;
1397 }
1398 
1399 size_t Arguments::max_heap_for_compressed_oops() {
1400   // Avoid sign flip.
1401   assert(OopEncodingHeapMax > (uint64_t)os::vm_page_size(), "Unusual page size");
1402   // We need to fit both the null page and the heap into the memory budget, while
1403   // keeping alignment constraints of the heap. To guarantee the latter, as the
1404   // null page is located before the heap, we pad the null page to the conservative
1405   // maximum alignment that the GC may ever impose upon the heap.
1406   size_t displacement_due_to_null_page = align_up(os::vm_page_size(),
1407                                                   _conservative_max_heap_alignment);
1408 
1409   LP64_ONLY(return OopEncodingHeapMax - displacement_due_to_null_page);
1410   NOT_LP64(ShouldNotReachHere(); return 0);
1411 }
1412 
1413 void Arguments::set_use_compressed_oops() {
1414 #ifdef _LP64
1415   // MaxHeapSize is not set up properly at this point, but
1416   // the only value that can override MaxHeapSize if we are
1417   // to use UseCompressedOops are InitialHeapSize and MinHeapSize.
1418   size_t max_heap_size = MAX3(MaxHeapSize, InitialHeapSize, MinHeapSize);
1419 
1420   if (max_heap_size <= max_heap_for_compressed_oops()) {
1421     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseCompressedOops)) {
1422       FLAG_SET_ERGO(UseCompressedOops, true);
1423     }
1424   } else {
1425     if (UseCompressedOops && !FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseCompressedOops)) {
1426       warning("Max heap size too large for Compressed Oops");
1427       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseCompressedOops, false);
1428     }
1429   }
1430 #endif // _LP64
1431 }
1432 
1433 void Arguments::set_use_compressed_klass_ptrs() {
1434 #ifdef _LP64
1435   assert(!UseCompressedClassPointers || CompressedClassSpaceSize <= KlassEncodingMetaspaceMax,
1436          "CompressedClassSpaceSize is too large for UseCompressedClassPointers");
1437 #endif // _LP64
1438 }
1439 
1440 void Arguments::set_conservative_max_heap_alignment() {
1441   // The conservative maximum required alignment for the heap is the maximum of
1442   // the alignments imposed by several sources: any requirements from the heap
1443   // itself and the maximum page size we may run the VM with.
1444   size_t heap_alignment = GCConfig::arguments()->conservative_max_heap_alignment();
1445   _conservative_max_heap_alignment = MAX4(heap_alignment,
1446                                           os::vm_allocation_granularity(),
1447                                           os::max_page_size(),
1448                                           GCArguments::compute_heap_alignment());
1449 }
1450 
1451 jint Arguments::set_ergonomics_flags() {
1452   GCConfig::initialize();
1453 
1454   set_conservative_max_heap_alignment();
1455 
1456 #ifdef _LP64
1457   set_use_compressed_oops();
1458   set_use_compressed_klass_ptrs();
1459 
1460   // Also checks that certain machines are slower with compressed oops
1461   // in vm_version initialization code.
1462 #endif // _LP64
1463 
1464   return JNI_OK;
1465 }
1466 
1467 size_t Arguments::limit_heap_by_allocatable_memory(size_t limit) {
1468   size_t max_allocatable;
1469   size_t result = limit;
1470   if (os::has_allocatable_memory_limit(&max_allocatable)) {
1471     // The AggressiveHeap check is a temporary workaround to avoid calling
1472     // GCarguments::heap_virtual_to_physical_ratio() before a GC has been
1473     // selected. This works because AggressiveHeap implies UseParallelGC
1474     // where we know the ratio will be 1. Once the AggressiveHeap option is
1475     // removed, this can be cleaned up.
1476     size_t heap_virtual_to_physical_ratio = (AggressiveHeap ? 1 : GCConfig::arguments()->heap_virtual_to_physical_ratio());
1477     size_t fraction = MaxVirtMemFraction * heap_virtual_to_physical_ratio;
1478     result = MIN2(result, max_allocatable / fraction);
1479   }
1480   return result;
1481 }
1482 
1483 // Use static initialization to get the default before parsing
1484 static const size_t DefaultHeapBaseMinAddress = HeapBaseMinAddress;
1485 
1486 void Arguments::set_heap_size() {
1487   julong phys_mem;
1488 
1489   // If the user specified one of these options, they
1490   // want specific memory sizing so do not limit memory
1491   // based on compressed oops addressability.
1492   // Also, memory limits will be calculated based on
1493   // available os physical memory, not our MaxRAM limit,
1494   // unless MaxRAM is also specified.
1495   bool override_coop_limit = (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MaxRAMPercentage) ||
1496                            !FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MinRAMPercentage) ||
1497                            !FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(InitialRAMPercentage) ||
1498                            !FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MaxRAM));
1499   if (override_coop_limit) {
1500     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MaxRAM)) {
1501       phys_mem = os::physical_memory();
1502       FLAG_SET_ERGO(MaxRAM, (uint64_t)phys_mem);
1503     } else {
1504       phys_mem = (julong)MaxRAM;
1505     }
1506   } else {
1507     phys_mem = FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MaxRAM) ? MIN2(os::physical_memory(), (julong)MaxRAM)
1508                                        : (julong)MaxRAM;
1509   }
1510 
1511   // If the maximum heap size has not been set with -Xmx,
1512   // then set it as fraction of the size of physical memory,
1513   // respecting the maximum and minimum sizes of the heap.
1514   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MaxHeapSize)) {
1515     julong reasonable_max = (julong)(((double)phys_mem * MaxRAMPercentage) / 100);
1516     const julong reasonable_min = (julong)(((double)phys_mem * MinRAMPercentage) / 100);
1517     if (reasonable_min < MaxHeapSize) {
1518       // Small physical memory, so use a minimum fraction of it for the heap
1519       reasonable_max = reasonable_min;
1520     } else {
1521       // Not-small physical memory, so require a heap at least
1522       // as large as MaxHeapSize
1523       reasonable_max = MAX2(reasonable_max, (julong)MaxHeapSize);
1524     }
1525 
1526     if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(ErgoHeapSizeLimit) && ErgoHeapSizeLimit != 0) {
1527       // Limit the heap size to ErgoHeapSizeLimit
1528       reasonable_max = MIN2(reasonable_max, (julong)ErgoHeapSizeLimit);
1529     }
1530 
1531     reasonable_max = limit_heap_by_allocatable_memory(reasonable_max);
1532 
1533     if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(InitialHeapSize)) {
1534       // An initial heap size was specified on the command line,
1535       // so be sure that the maximum size is consistent.  Done
1536       // after call to limit_heap_by_allocatable_memory because that
1537       // method might reduce the allocation size.
1538       reasonable_max = MAX2(reasonable_max, (julong)InitialHeapSize);
1539     } else if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MinHeapSize)) {
1540       reasonable_max = MAX2(reasonable_max, (julong)MinHeapSize);
1541     }
1542 
1543 #ifdef _LP64
1544     if (UseCompressedOops || UseCompressedClassPointers) {
1545       // HeapBaseMinAddress can be greater than default but not less than.
1546       if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(HeapBaseMinAddress)) {
1547         if (HeapBaseMinAddress < DefaultHeapBaseMinAddress) {
1548           // matches compressed oops printing flags
1549           log_debug(gc, heap, coops)("HeapBaseMinAddress must be at least " SIZE_FORMAT
1550                                      " (" SIZE_FORMAT "G) which is greater than value given " SIZE_FORMAT,
1551                                      DefaultHeapBaseMinAddress,
1552                                      DefaultHeapBaseMinAddress/G,
1553                                      HeapBaseMinAddress);
1554           FLAG_SET_ERGO(HeapBaseMinAddress, DefaultHeapBaseMinAddress);
1555         }
1556       }
1557     }
1558     if (UseCompressedOops) {
1559       // Limit the heap size to the maximum possible when using compressed oops
1560       julong max_coop_heap = (julong)max_heap_for_compressed_oops();
1561 
1562       if (HeapBaseMinAddress + MaxHeapSize < max_coop_heap) {
1563         // Heap should be above HeapBaseMinAddress to get zero based compressed oops
1564         // but it should be not less than default MaxHeapSize.
1565         max_coop_heap -= HeapBaseMinAddress;
1566       }
1567 
1568       // If user specified flags prioritizing os physical
1569       // memory limits, then disable compressed oops if
1570       // limits exceed max_coop_heap and UseCompressedOops
1571       // was not specified.
1572       if (reasonable_max > max_coop_heap) {
1573         if (FLAG_IS_ERGO(UseCompressedOops) && override_coop_limit) {
1574           log_info(cds)("UseCompressedOops and UseCompressedClassPointers have been disabled due to"
1575             " max heap " SIZE_FORMAT " > compressed oop heap " SIZE_FORMAT ". "
1576             "Please check the setting of MaxRAMPercentage %5.2f."
1577             ,(size_t)reasonable_max, (size_t)max_coop_heap, MaxRAMPercentage);
1578           FLAG_SET_ERGO(UseCompressedOops, false);
1579         } else {
1580           reasonable_max = MIN2(reasonable_max, max_coop_heap);
1581         }
1582       }
1583     }
1584 #endif // _LP64
1585 
1586     log_trace(gc, heap)("  Maximum heap size " SIZE_FORMAT, (size_t) reasonable_max);
1587     FLAG_SET_ERGO(MaxHeapSize, (size_t)reasonable_max);
1588   }
1589 
1590   // If the minimum or initial heap_size have not been set or requested to be set
1591   // ergonomically, set them accordingly.
1592   if (InitialHeapSize == 0 || MinHeapSize == 0) {
1593     julong reasonable_minimum = (julong)(OldSize + NewSize);
1594 
1595     reasonable_minimum = MIN2(reasonable_minimum, (julong)MaxHeapSize);
1596 
1597     reasonable_minimum = limit_heap_by_allocatable_memory(reasonable_minimum);
1598 
1599     if (InitialHeapSize == 0) {
1600       julong reasonable_initial = (julong)(((double)phys_mem * InitialRAMPercentage) / 100);
1601       reasonable_initial = limit_heap_by_allocatable_memory(reasonable_initial);
1602 
1603       reasonable_initial = MAX3(reasonable_initial, reasonable_minimum, (julong)MinHeapSize);
1604       reasonable_initial = MIN2(reasonable_initial, (julong)MaxHeapSize);
1605 
1606       FLAG_SET_ERGO(InitialHeapSize, (size_t)reasonable_initial);
1607       log_trace(gc, heap)("  Initial heap size " SIZE_FORMAT, InitialHeapSize);
1608     }
1609     // If the minimum heap size has not been set (via -Xms or -XX:MinHeapSize),
1610     // synchronize with InitialHeapSize to avoid errors with the default value.
1611     if (MinHeapSize == 0) {
1612       FLAG_SET_ERGO(MinHeapSize, MIN2((size_t)reasonable_minimum, InitialHeapSize));
1613       log_trace(gc, heap)("  Minimum heap size " SIZE_FORMAT, MinHeapSize);
1614     }
1615   }
1616 }
1617 
1618 // This option inspects the machine and attempts to set various
1619 // parameters to be optimal for long-running, memory allocation
1620 // intensive jobs.  It is intended for machines with large
1621 // amounts of cpu and memory.
1622 jint Arguments::set_aggressive_heap_flags() {
1623   // initHeapSize is needed since _initial_heap_size is 4 bytes on a 32 bit
1624   // VM, but we may not be able to represent the total physical memory
1625   // available (like having 8gb of memory on a box but using a 32bit VM).
1626   // Thus, we need to make sure we're using a julong for intermediate
1627   // calculations.
1628   julong initHeapSize;
1629   julong total_memory = os::physical_memory();
1630 
1631   if (total_memory < (julong) 256 * M) {
1632     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1633             "You need at least 256mb of memory to use -XX:+AggressiveHeap\n");
1634     vm_exit(1);
1635   }
1636 
1637   // The heap size is half of available memory, or (at most)
1638   // all of possible memory less 160mb (leaving room for the OS
1639   // when using ISM).  This is the maximum; because adaptive sizing
1640   // is turned on below, the actual space used may be smaller.
1641 
1642   initHeapSize = MIN2(total_memory / (julong) 2,
1643           total_memory - (julong) 160 * M);
1644 
1645   initHeapSize = limit_heap_by_allocatable_memory(initHeapSize);
1646 
1647   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MaxHeapSize)) {
1648     if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(MaxHeapSize, initHeapSize) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
1649       return JNI_EINVAL;
1650     }
1651     if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(InitialHeapSize, initHeapSize) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
1652       return JNI_EINVAL;
1653     }
1654     if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(MinHeapSize, initHeapSize) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
1655       return JNI_EINVAL;
1656     }
1657   }
1658   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(NewSize)) {
1659     // Make the young generation 3/8ths of the total heap.
1660     if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(NewSize,
1661             ((julong) MaxHeapSize / (julong) 8) * (julong) 3) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
1662       return JNI_EINVAL;
1663     }
1664     if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(MaxNewSize, NewSize) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
1665       return JNI_EINVAL;
1666     }
1667   }
1668 
1669 #if !defined(_ALLBSD_SOURCE) && !defined(AIX)  // UseLargePages is not yet supported on BSD and AIX.
1670   FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseLargePages, true);
1671 #endif
1672 
1673   // Increase some data structure sizes for efficiency
1674   if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(ResizeTLAB, false) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
1675     return JNI_EINVAL;
1676   }
1677   if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(TLABSize, 256 * K) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
1678     return JNI_EINVAL;
1679   }
1680 
1681   // See the OldPLABSize comment below, but replace 'after promotion'
1682   // with 'after copying'.  YoungPLABSize is the size of the survivor
1683   // space per-gc-thread buffers.  The default is 4kw.
1684   if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(YoungPLABSize, 256 * K) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) { // Note: this is in words
1685     return JNI_EINVAL;
1686   }
1687 
1688   // OldPLABSize is the size of the buffers in the old gen that
1689   // UseParallelGC uses to promote live data that doesn't fit in the
1690   // survivor spaces.  At any given time, there's one for each gc thread.
1691   // The default size is 1kw. These buffers are rarely used, since the
1692   // survivor spaces are usually big enough.  For specjbb, however, there
1693   // are occasions when there's lots of live data in the young gen
1694   // and we end up promoting some of it.  We don't have a definite
1695   // explanation for why bumping OldPLABSize helps, but the theory
1696   // is that a bigger PLAB results in retaining something like the
1697   // original allocation order after promotion, which improves mutator
1698   // locality.  A minor effect may be that larger PLABs reduce the
1699   // number of PLAB allocation events during gc.  The value of 8kw
1700   // was arrived at by experimenting with specjbb.
1701   if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(OldPLABSize, 8 * K) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) { // Note: this is in words
1702     return JNI_EINVAL;
1703   }
1704 
1705   // Enable parallel GC and adaptive generation sizing
1706   if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(UseParallelGC, true) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
1707     return JNI_EINVAL;
1708   }
1709 
1710   // Encourage steady state memory management
1711   if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(ThresholdTolerance, 100) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
1712     return JNI_EINVAL;
1713   }
1714 
1715   return JNI_OK;
1716 }
1717 
1718 // This must be called after ergonomics.
1719 void Arguments::set_bytecode_flags() {
1720   if (!RewriteBytecodes) {
1721     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(RewriteFrequentPairs, false);
1722   }
1723 }
1724 
1725 // Aggressive optimization flags
1726 jint Arguments::set_aggressive_opts_flags() {
1727 #ifdef COMPILER2
1728   if (AggressiveUnboxing) {
1729     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(EliminateAutoBox)) {
1730       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(EliminateAutoBox, true);
1731     } else if (!EliminateAutoBox) {
1732       // warning("AggressiveUnboxing is disabled because EliminateAutoBox is disabled");
1733       AggressiveUnboxing = false;
1734     }
1735     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(DoEscapeAnalysis)) {
1736       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(DoEscapeAnalysis, true);
1737     } else if (!DoEscapeAnalysis) {
1738       // warning("AggressiveUnboxing is disabled because DoEscapeAnalysis is disabled");
1739       AggressiveUnboxing = false;
1740     }
1741   }
1742   if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(AutoBoxCacheMax)) {
1743     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(EliminateAutoBox)) {
1744       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(EliminateAutoBox, true);
1745     }
1746     // Feed the cache size setting into the JDK
1747     char buffer[1024];
1748     jio_snprintf(buffer, 1024, "java.lang.Integer.IntegerCache.high=" INTX_FORMAT, AutoBoxCacheMax);
1749     if (!add_property(buffer)) {
1750       return JNI_ENOMEM;
1751     }
1752   }
1753 #endif
1754 
1755   return JNI_OK;
1756 }
1757 
1758 //===========================================================================================================
1759 
1760 void Arguments::process_java_launcher_argument(const char* launcher, void* extra_info) {
1761   if (_sun_java_launcher != _default_java_launcher) {
1762     os::free(const_cast<char*>(_sun_java_launcher));
1763   }
1764   _sun_java_launcher = os::strdup_check_oom(launcher);
1765 }
1766 
1767 bool Arguments::created_by_java_launcher() {
1768   assert(_sun_java_launcher != nullptr, "property must have value");
1769   return strcmp(DEFAULT_JAVA_LAUNCHER, _sun_java_launcher) != 0;
1770 }
1771 
1772 bool Arguments::sun_java_launcher_is_altjvm() {
1773   return _sun_java_launcher_is_altjvm;
1774 }
1775 
1776 //===========================================================================================================
1777 // Parsing of main arguments
1778 
1779 unsigned int addreads_count = 0;
1780 unsigned int addexports_count = 0;
1781 unsigned int addopens_count = 0;
1782 unsigned int enable_native_access_count = 0;
1783 
1784 // Check the consistency of vm_init_args
1785 bool Arguments::check_vm_args_consistency() {
1786   // Method for adding checks for flag consistency.
1787   // The intent is to warn the user of all possible conflicts,
1788   // before returning an error.
1789   // Note: Needs platform-dependent factoring.
1790   bool status = true;
1791 
1792   if (TLABRefillWasteFraction == 0) {
1793     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1794                 "TLABRefillWasteFraction should be a denominator, "
1795                 "not " SIZE_FORMAT "\n",
1796                 TLABRefillWasteFraction);
1797     status = false;
1798   }
1799 
1800   status = CompilerConfig::check_args_consistency(status);
1801 #if INCLUDE_JVMCI
1802   if (status && EnableJVMCI) {
1803     PropertyList_unique_add(&_system_properties, "jdk.internal.vm.ci.enabled", "true",
1804         AddProperty, UnwriteableProperty, InternalProperty);
1805     if (ClassLoader::is_module_observable("jdk.internal.vm.ci")) {
1806       if (!create_numbered_module_property("jdk.module.addmods", "jdk.internal.vm.ci", _addmods_count++)) {
1807         return false;
1808       }
1809     }
1810   }
1811 #endif
1812 
1813 #if INCLUDE_JFR
1814   if (status && (FlightRecorderOptions || StartFlightRecording)) {
1815     if (!create_numbered_module_property("jdk.module.addmods", "jdk.jfr", _addmods_count++)) {
1816       return false;
1817     }
1818   }
1819 #endif
1820 
1821 #ifndef SUPPORT_RESERVED_STACK_AREA
1822   if (StackReservedPages != 0) {
1823     FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(StackReservedPages, 0);
1824     warning("Reserved Stack Area not supported on this platform");
1825   }
1826 #endif
1827 
1828   if (UseObjectMonitorTable && LockingMode != LM_LIGHTWEIGHT) {
1829     // ObjectMonitorTable requires lightweight locking.
1830     FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(UseObjectMonitorTable, false);
1831     warning("UseObjectMonitorTable requires LM_LIGHTWEIGHT");
1832   }
1833 
1834 #if !defined(X86) && !defined(AARCH64) && !defined(PPC64) && !defined(RISCV64) && !defined(S390)
1835   if (LockingMode == LM_MONITOR) {
1836     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1837                 "LockingMode == 0 (LM_MONITOR) is not fully implemented on this architecture\n");
1838     return false;
1839   }
1840 #endif
1841   if (VerifyHeavyMonitors && LockingMode != LM_MONITOR) {
1842     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1843                 "-XX:+VerifyHeavyMonitors requires LockingMode == 0 (LM_MONITOR)\n");
1844     return false;
1845   }
1846   return status;
1847 }
1848 
1849 bool Arguments::is_bad_option(const JavaVMOption* option, jboolean ignore,
1850   const char* option_type) {
1851   if (ignore) return false;
1852 
1853   const char* spacer = " ";
1854   if (option_type == nullptr) {
1855     option_type = ++spacer; // Set both to the empty string.
1856   }
1857 
1858   jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1859               "Unrecognized %s%soption: %s\n", option_type, spacer,
1860               option->optionString);
1861   return true;
1862 }
1863 
1864 static const char* user_assertion_options[] = {
1865   "-da", "-ea", "-disableassertions", "-enableassertions", nullptr
1866 };
1867 
1868 static const char* system_assertion_options[] = {
1869   "-dsa", "-esa", "-disablesystemassertions", "-enablesystemassertions", nullptr
1870 };
1871 
1872 bool Arguments::parse_uint(const char* value,
1873                            uint* uint_arg,
1874                            uint min_size) {
1875   uint n;
1876   if (!parse_integer(value, &n)) {
1877     return false;
1878   }
1879   if (n >= min_size) {
1880     *uint_arg = n;
1881     return true;
1882   } else {
1883     return false;
1884   }
1885 }
1886 
1887 bool Arguments::create_module_property(const char* prop_name, const char* prop_value, PropertyInternal internal) {
1888   assert(is_internal_module_property(prop_name), "unknown module property: '%s'", prop_name);
1889   CDSConfig::check_internal_module_property(prop_name, prop_value);
1890   size_t prop_len = strlen(prop_name) + strlen(prop_value) + 2;
1891   char* property = AllocateHeap(prop_len, mtArguments);
1892   int ret = jio_snprintf(property, prop_len, "%s=%s", prop_name, prop_value);
1893   if (ret < 0 || ret >= (int)prop_len) {
1894     FreeHeap(property);
1895     return false;
1896   }
1897   // These are not strictly writeable properties as they cannot be set via -Dprop=val. But that
1898   // is enforced by checking is_internal_module_property(). We need the property to be writeable so
1899   // that multiple occurrences of the associated flag just causes the existing property value to be
1900   // replaced ("last option wins"). Otherwise we would need to keep track of the flags and only convert
1901   // to a property after we have finished flag processing.
1902   bool added = add_property(property, WriteableProperty, internal);
1903   FreeHeap(property);
1904   return added;
1905 }
1906 
1907 bool Arguments::create_numbered_module_property(const char* prop_base_name, const char* prop_value, unsigned int count) {
1908   assert(is_internal_module_property(prop_base_name), "unknown module property: '%s'", prop_base_name);
1909   CDSConfig::check_internal_module_property(prop_base_name, prop_value);
1910   const unsigned int props_count_limit = 1000;
1911   const int max_digits = 3;
1912   const int extra_symbols_count = 3; // includes '.', '=', '\0'
1913 
1914   // Make sure count is < props_count_limit. Otherwise, memory allocation will be too small.
1915   if (count < props_count_limit) {
1916     size_t prop_len = strlen(prop_base_name) + strlen(prop_value) + max_digits + extra_symbols_count;
1917     char* property = AllocateHeap(prop_len, mtArguments);
1918     int ret = jio_snprintf(property, prop_len, "%s.%d=%s", prop_base_name, count, prop_value);
1919     if (ret < 0 || ret >= (int)prop_len) {
1920       FreeHeap(property);
1921       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(), "Failed to create property %s.%d=%s\n", prop_base_name, count, prop_value);
1922       return false;
1923     }
1924     bool added = add_property(property, UnwriteableProperty, InternalProperty);
1925     FreeHeap(property);
1926     return added;
1927   }
1928 
1929   jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(), "Property count limit exceeded: %s, limit=%d\n", prop_base_name, props_count_limit);
1930   return false;
1931 }
1932 
1933 Arguments::ArgsRange Arguments::parse_memory_size(const char* s,
1934                                                   julong* long_arg,
1935                                                   julong min_size,
1936                                                   julong max_size) {
1937   if (!parse_integer(s, long_arg)) return arg_unreadable;
1938   return check_memory_size(*long_arg, min_size, max_size);
1939 }
1940 
1941 // Parse JavaVMInitArgs structure
1942 
1943 jint Arguments::parse_vm_init_args(const JavaVMInitArgs *vm_options_args,
1944                                    const JavaVMInitArgs *java_tool_options_args,
1945                                    const JavaVMInitArgs *java_options_args,
1946                                    const JavaVMInitArgs *cmd_line_args) {
1947   // Save default settings for some mode flags
1948   Arguments::_AlwaysCompileLoopMethods = AlwaysCompileLoopMethods;
1949   Arguments::_UseOnStackReplacement    = UseOnStackReplacement;
1950   Arguments::_ClipInlining             = ClipInlining;
1951   Arguments::_BackgroundCompilation    = BackgroundCompilation;
1952 
1953   // Remember the default value of SharedBaseAddress.
1954   Arguments::_default_SharedBaseAddress = SharedBaseAddress;
1955 
1956   // Setup flags for mixed which is the default
1957   set_mode_flags(_mixed);
1958 
1959   // Parse args structure generated from java.base vm options resource
1960   jint result = parse_each_vm_init_arg(vm_options_args, JVMFlagOrigin::JIMAGE_RESOURCE);
1961   if (result != JNI_OK) {
1962     return result;
1963   }
1964 
1965   // Parse args structure generated from JAVA_TOOL_OPTIONS environment
1966   // variable (if present).
1967   result = parse_each_vm_init_arg(java_tool_options_args, JVMFlagOrigin::ENVIRON_VAR);
1968   if (result != JNI_OK) {
1969     return result;
1970   }
1971 
1972   // Parse args structure generated from the command line flags.
1973   result = parse_each_vm_init_arg(cmd_line_args, JVMFlagOrigin::COMMAND_LINE);
1974   if (result != JNI_OK) {
1975     return result;
1976   }
1977 
1978   // Parse args structure generated from the _JAVA_OPTIONS environment
1979   // variable (if present) (mimics classic VM)
1980   result = parse_each_vm_init_arg(java_options_args, JVMFlagOrigin::ENVIRON_VAR);
1981   if (result != JNI_OK) {
1982     return result;
1983   }
1984 
1985   // Disable CDS for exploded image
1986   if (!has_jimage()) {
1987     no_shared_spaces("CDS disabled on exploded JDK");
1988   }
1989 
1990   // We need to ensure processor and memory resources have been properly
1991   // configured - which may rely on arguments we just processed - before
1992   // doing the final argument processing. Any argument processing that
1993   // needs to know about processor and memory resources must occur after
1994   // this point.
1995 
1996   os::init_container_support();
1997 
1998   SystemMemoryBarrier::initialize();
1999 
2000   // Do final processing now that all arguments have been parsed
2001   result = finalize_vm_init_args();
2002   if (result != JNI_OK) {
2003     return result;
2004   }
2005 
2006   return JNI_OK;
2007 }
2008 
2009 #if !INCLUDE_JVMTI
2010 // Checks if name in command-line argument -agent{lib,path}:name[=options]
2011 // represents a valid JDWP agent.  is_path==true denotes that we
2012 // are dealing with -agentpath (case where name is a path), otherwise with
2013 // -agentlib
2014 static bool valid_jdwp_agent(char *name, bool is_path) {
2015   char *_name;
2016   const char *_jdwp = "jdwp";
2017   size_t _len_jdwp, _len_prefix;
2018 
2019   if (is_path) {
2020     if ((_name = strrchr(name, (int) *os::file_separator())) == nullptr) {
2021       return false;
2022     }
2023 
2024     _name++;  // skip past last path separator
2025     _len_prefix = strlen(JNI_LIB_PREFIX);
2026 
2027     if (strncmp(_name, JNI_LIB_PREFIX, _len_prefix) != 0) {
2028       return false;
2029     }
2030 
2031     _name += _len_prefix;
2032     _len_jdwp = strlen(_jdwp);
2033 
2034     if (strncmp(_name, _jdwp, _len_jdwp) == 0) {
2035       _name += _len_jdwp;
2036     }
2037     else {
2038       return false;
2039     }
2040 
2041     if (strcmp(_name, JNI_LIB_SUFFIX) != 0) {
2042       return false;
2043     }
2044 
2045     return true;
2046   }
2047 
2048   if (strcmp(name, _jdwp) == 0) {
2049     return true;
2050   }
2051 
2052   return false;
2053 }
2054 #endif
2055 
2056 int Arguments::process_patch_mod_option(const char* patch_mod_tail) {
2057   // --patch-module=<module>=<file>(<pathsep><file>)*
2058   assert(patch_mod_tail != nullptr, "Unexpected null patch-module value");
2059   // Find the equal sign between the module name and the path specification
2060   const char* module_equal = strchr(patch_mod_tail, '=');
2061   if (module_equal == nullptr) {
2062     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(), "Missing '=' in --patch-module specification\n");
2063     return JNI_ERR;
2064   } else {
2065     // Pick out the module name
2066     size_t module_len = module_equal - patch_mod_tail;
2067     char* module_name = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY_RETURN_NULL(char, module_len+1, mtArguments);
2068     if (module_name != nullptr) {
2069       memcpy(module_name, patch_mod_tail, module_len);
2070       *(module_name + module_len) = '\0';
2071       // The path piece begins one past the module_equal sign
2072       add_patch_mod_prefix(module_name, module_equal + 1, false /* no append */, false /* no cds */);
2073       FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, module_name);
2074     } else {
2075       return JNI_ENOMEM;
2076     }
2077   }
2078   return JNI_OK;
2079 }
2080 
2081 // VALUECLASS_STR must match string used in the build
2082 #define VALUECLASS_STR "valueclasses"
2083 #define VALUECLASS_JAR "-" VALUECLASS_STR ".jar"
2084 
2085 // Finalize --patch-module args and --enable-preview related to value class module patches.
2086 // Create all numbered properties passing module patches.
2087 int Arguments::finalize_patch_module() {
2088   // If --enable-preview and EnableValhalla is true, each module may have value classes that
2089   // are to be patched into the module.
2090   // For each <module>-valueclasses.jar in <JAVA_HOME>/lib/valueclasses/
2091   // appends the equivalent of --patch-module <module>=<JAVA_HOME>/lib/valueclasses/<module>-valueclasses.jar
2092   if (enable_preview() && EnableValhalla) {
2093     char * valueclasses_dir = AllocateHeap(JVM_MAXPATHLEN, mtArguments);
2094     const char * fileSep = os::file_separator();
2095 
2096     jio_snprintf(valueclasses_dir, JVM_MAXPATHLEN, "%s%slib%s" VALUECLASS_STR "%s",
2097                  Arguments::get_java_home(), fileSep, fileSep, fileSep);
2098     DIR* dir = os::opendir(valueclasses_dir);
2099     if (dir != nullptr) {
2100       char * module_name = AllocateHeap(JVM_MAXPATHLEN, mtArguments);
2101       char * path = AllocateHeap(JVM_MAXPATHLEN, mtArguments);
2102 
2103       for (dirent * entry = os::readdir(dir); entry != nullptr; entry = os::readdir(dir)) {
2104         // Test if file ends-with "-valueclasses.jar"
2105         int len = (int)strlen(entry->d_name) - (sizeof(VALUECLASS_JAR) - 1);
2106         if (len <= 0 || strcmp(&entry->d_name[len], VALUECLASS_JAR) != 0) {
2107           continue;         // too short or not the expected suffix
2108         }
2109 
2110         strcpy(module_name, entry->d_name);
2111         module_name[len] = '\0';     // truncate to just module-name
2112 
2113         jio_snprintf(path, JVM_MAXPATHLEN, "%s%s", valueclasses_dir, &entry->d_name);
2114         add_patch_mod_prefix(module_name, path, true /* append */, true /* cds OK*/);
2115         log_info(class)("--enable-preview appending value classes for module %s: %s", module_name, entry->d_name);
2116       }
2117       FreeHeap(module_name);
2118       FreeHeap(path);
2119       os::closedir(dir);
2120     }
2121     FreeHeap(valueclasses_dir);
2122   }
2123 
2124   // Create numbered properties for each module that has been patched either
2125   // by --patch-module or --enable-preview
2126   // Format is "jdk.module.patch.<n>=<module_name>=<path>"
2127   if (_patch_mod_prefix != nullptr) {
2128     char * prop_value = AllocateHeap(JVM_MAXPATHLEN + JVM_MAXPATHLEN + 1, mtArguments);
2129     unsigned int patch_mod_count = 0;
2130 
2131     for (GrowableArrayIterator<ModulePatchPath *> it = _patch_mod_prefix->begin();
2132             it != _patch_mod_prefix->end(); ++it) {
2133       jio_snprintf(prop_value, JVM_MAXPATHLEN + JVM_MAXPATHLEN + 1, "%s=%s",
2134                    (*it)->module_name(), (*it)->path_string());
2135       if (!create_numbered_module_property("jdk.module.patch", prop_value, patch_mod_count++)) {
2136         FreeHeap(prop_value);
2137         return JNI_ENOMEM;
2138       }
2139     }
2140     FreeHeap(prop_value);
2141   }
2142   return JNI_OK;
2143 }
2144 
2145 // Parse -Xss memory string parameter and convert to ThreadStackSize in K.
2146 jint Arguments::parse_xss(const JavaVMOption* option, const char* tail, intx* out_ThreadStackSize) {
2147   // The min and max sizes match the values in globals.hpp, but scaled
2148   // with K. The values have been chosen so that alignment with page
2149   // size doesn't change the max value, which makes the conversions
2150   // back and forth between Xss value and ThreadStackSize value easier.
2151   // The values have also been chosen to fit inside a 32-bit signed type.
2152   const julong min_ThreadStackSize = 0;
2153   const julong max_ThreadStackSize = 1 * M;
2154 
2155   // Make sure the above values match the range set in globals.hpp
2156   const JVMTypedFlagLimit<intx>* limit = JVMFlagLimit::get_range_at(FLAG_MEMBER_ENUM(ThreadStackSize))->cast<intx>();
2157   assert(min_ThreadStackSize == static_cast<julong>(limit->min()), "must be");
2158   assert(max_ThreadStackSize == static_cast<julong>(limit->max()), "must be");
2159 
2160   const julong min_size = min_ThreadStackSize * K;
2161   const julong max_size = max_ThreadStackSize * K;
2162 
2163   assert(is_aligned(max_size, os::vm_page_size()), "Implementation assumption");
2164 
2165   julong size = 0;
2166   ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &size, min_size, max_size);
2167   if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
2168     bool silent = (option == nullptr); // Allow testing to silence error messages
2169     if (!silent) {
2170       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2171                   "Invalid thread stack size: %s\n", option->optionString);
2172       describe_range_error(errcode);
2173     }
2174     return JNI_EINVAL;
2175   }
2176 
2177   // Internally track ThreadStackSize in units of 1024 bytes.
2178   const julong size_aligned = align_up(size, K);
2179   assert(size <= size_aligned,
2180          "Overflow: " JULONG_FORMAT " " JULONG_FORMAT,
2181          size, size_aligned);
2182 
2183   const julong size_in_K = size_aligned / K;
2184   assert(size_in_K < (julong)max_intx,
2185          "size_in_K doesn't fit in the type of ThreadStackSize: " JULONG_FORMAT,
2186          size_in_K);
2187 
2188   // Check that code expanding ThreadStackSize to a page aligned number of bytes won't overflow.
2189   const julong max_expanded = align_up(size_in_K * K, os::vm_page_size());
2190   assert(max_expanded < max_uintx && max_expanded >= size_in_K,
2191          "Expansion overflowed: " JULONG_FORMAT " " JULONG_FORMAT,
2192          max_expanded, size_in_K);
2193 
2194   *out_ThreadStackSize = (intx)size_in_K;
2195 
2196   return JNI_OK;
2197 }
2198 
2199 jint Arguments::parse_each_vm_init_arg(const JavaVMInitArgs* args, JVMFlagOrigin origin) {
2200   // For match_option to return remaining or value part of option string
2201   const char* tail;
2202 
2203   // iterate over arguments
2204   for (int index = 0; index < args->nOptions; index++) {
2205     bool is_absolute_path = false;  // for -agentpath vs -agentlib
2206 
2207     const JavaVMOption* option = args->options + index;
2208 
2209     if (!match_option(option, "-Djava.class.path", &tail) &&
2210         !match_option(option, "-Dsun.java.command", &tail) &&
2211         !match_option(option, "-Dsun.java.launcher", &tail)) {
2212 
2213         // add all jvm options to the jvm_args string. This string
2214         // is used later to set the java.vm.args PerfData string constant.
2215         // the -Djava.class.path and the -Dsun.java.command options are
2216         // omitted from jvm_args string as each have their own PerfData
2217         // string constant object.
2218         build_jvm_args(option->optionString);
2219     }
2220 
2221     // -verbose:[class/module/gc/jni]
2222     if (match_option(option, "-verbose", &tail)) {
2223       if (!strcmp(tail, ":class") || !strcmp(tail, "")) {
2224         LogConfiguration::configure_stdout(LogLevel::Info, true, LOG_TAGS(class, load));
2225         LogConfiguration::configure_stdout(LogLevel::Info, true, LOG_TAGS(class, unload));
2226       } else if (!strcmp(tail, ":module")) {
2227         LogConfiguration::configure_stdout(LogLevel::Info, true, LOG_TAGS(module, load));
2228         LogConfiguration::configure_stdout(LogLevel::Info, true, LOG_TAGS(module, unload));
2229       } else if (!strcmp(tail, ":gc")) {
2230         if (_legacyGCLogging.lastFlag == 0) {
2231           _legacyGCLogging.lastFlag = 1;
2232         }
2233       } else if (!strcmp(tail, ":jni")) {
2234         LogConfiguration::configure_stdout(LogLevel::Debug, true, LOG_TAGS(jni, resolve));
2235       }
2236     // -da / -ea / -disableassertions / -enableassertions
2237     // These accept an optional class/package name separated by a colon, e.g.,
2238     // -da:java.lang.Thread.
2239     } else if (match_option(option, user_assertion_options, &tail, true)) {
2240       bool enable = option->optionString[1] == 'e';     // char after '-' is 'e'
2241       if (*tail == '\0') {
2242         JavaAssertions::setUserClassDefault(enable);
2243       } else {
2244         assert(*tail == ':', "bogus match by match_option()");
2245         JavaAssertions::addOption(tail + 1, enable);
2246       }
2247     // -dsa / -esa / -disablesystemassertions / -enablesystemassertions
2248     } else if (match_option(option, system_assertion_options, &tail, false)) {
2249       bool enable = option->optionString[1] == 'e';     // char after '-' is 'e'
2250       JavaAssertions::setSystemClassDefault(enable);
2251     // -bootclasspath:
2252     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xbootclasspath:", &tail)) {
2253         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(),
2254           "-Xbootclasspath is no longer a supported option.\n");
2255         return JNI_EINVAL;
2256     // -bootclasspath/a:
2257     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xbootclasspath/a:", &tail)) {
2258       Arguments::append_sysclasspath(tail);
2259     // -bootclasspath/p:
2260     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xbootclasspath/p:", &tail)) {
2261         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(),
2262           "-Xbootclasspath/p is no longer a supported option.\n");
2263         return JNI_EINVAL;
2264     // -Xrun
2265     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xrun", &tail)) {
2266       if (tail != nullptr) {
2267         const char* pos = strchr(tail, ':');
2268         size_t len = (pos == nullptr) ? strlen(tail) : pos - tail;
2269         char* name = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, len + 1, mtArguments);
2270         jio_snprintf(name, len + 1, "%s", tail);
2271 
2272         char *options = nullptr;
2273         if(pos != nullptr) {
2274           size_t len2 = strlen(pos+1) + 1; // options start after ':'.  Final zero must be copied.
2275           options = (char*)memcpy(NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, len2, mtArguments), pos+1, len2);
2276         }
2277 #if !INCLUDE_JVMTI
2278         if (strcmp(name, "jdwp") == 0) {
2279           jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2280             "Debugging agents are not supported in this VM\n");
2281           return JNI_ERR;
2282         }
2283 #endif // !INCLUDE_JVMTI
2284         JvmtiAgentList::add_xrun(name, options, false);
2285         FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, name);
2286         FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, options);
2287       }
2288     } else if (match_option(option, "--add-reads=", &tail)) {
2289       if (!create_numbered_module_property("jdk.module.addreads", tail, addreads_count++)) {
2290         return JNI_ENOMEM;
2291       }
2292     } else if (match_option(option, "--add-exports=", &tail)) {
2293       if (!create_numbered_module_property("jdk.module.addexports", tail, addexports_count++)) {
2294         return JNI_ENOMEM;
2295       }
2296     } else if (match_option(option, "--add-opens=", &tail)) {
2297       if (!create_numbered_module_property("jdk.module.addopens", tail, addopens_count++)) {
2298         return JNI_ENOMEM;
2299       }
2300     } else if (match_option(option, "--add-modules=", &tail)) {
2301       if (!create_numbered_module_property("jdk.module.addmods", tail, _addmods_count++)) {
2302         return JNI_ENOMEM;
2303       }
2304     } else if (match_option(option, "--enable-native-access=", &tail)) {
2305       if (!create_numbered_module_property("jdk.module.enable.native.access", tail, enable_native_access_count++)) {
2306         return JNI_ENOMEM;
2307       }
2308     } else if (match_option(option, "--illegal-native-access=", &tail)) {
2309       if (!create_module_property("jdk.module.illegal.native.access", tail, InternalProperty)) {
2310         return JNI_ENOMEM;
2311       }
2312     } else if (match_option(option, "--limit-modules=", &tail)) {
2313       if (!create_module_property("jdk.module.limitmods", tail, InternalProperty)) {
2314         return JNI_ENOMEM;
2315       }
2316     } else if (match_option(option, "--module-path=", &tail)) {
2317       if (!create_module_property("jdk.module.path", tail, ExternalProperty)) {
2318         return JNI_ENOMEM;
2319       }
2320     } else if (match_option(option, "--upgrade-module-path=", &tail)) {
2321       if (!create_module_property("jdk.module.upgrade.path", tail, ExternalProperty)) {
2322         return JNI_ENOMEM;
2323       }
2324     } else if (match_option(option, "--patch-module=", &tail)) {
2325       // --patch-module=<module>=<file>(<pathsep><file>)*
2326       int res = process_patch_mod_option(tail);
2327       if (res != JNI_OK) {
2328         return res;
2329       }
2330     } else if (match_option(option, "--sun-misc-unsafe-memory-access=", &tail)) {
2331       if (strcmp(tail, "allow") == 0 || strcmp(tail, "warn") == 0 || strcmp(tail, "debug") == 0 || strcmp(tail, "deny") == 0) {
2332         PropertyList_unique_add(&_system_properties, "sun.misc.unsafe.memory.access", tail,
2333                                 AddProperty, WriteableProperty, InternalProperty);
2334       } else {
2335         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2336                     "Value specified to --sun-misc-unsafe-memory-access not recognized: '%s'\n", tail);
2337         return JNI_ERR;
2338       }
2339     } else if (match_option(option, "--illegal-access=", &tail)) {
2340       char version[256];
2341       JDK_Version::jdk(17).to_string(version, sizeof(version));
2342       warning("Ignoring option %s; support was removed in %s", option->optionString, version);
2343     // -agentlib and -agentpath
2344     } else if (match_option(option, "-agentlib:", &tail) ||
2345           (is_absolute_path = match_option(option, "-agentpath:", &tail))) {
2346       if(tail != nullptr) {
2347         const char* pos = strchr(tail, '=');
2348         char* name;
2349         if (pos == nullptr) {
2350           name = os::strdup_check_oom(tail, mtArguments);
2351         } else {
2352           size_t len = pos - tail;
2353           name = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, len + 1, mtArguments);
2354           memcpy(name, tail, len);
2355           name[len] = '\0';
2356         }
2357 
2358         char *options = nullptr;
2359         if(pos != nullptr) {
2360           options = os::strdup_check_oom(pos + 1, mtArguments);
2361         }
2362 #if !INCLUDE_JVMTI
2363         if (valid_jdwp_agent(name, is_absolute_path)) {
2364           jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2365             "Debugging agents are not supported in this VM\n");
2366           return JNI_ERR;
2367         }
2368 #endif // !INCLUDE_JVMTI
2369         JvmtiAgentList::add(name, options, is_absolute_path);
2370         os::free(name);
2371         os::free(options);
2372       }
2373     // -javaagent
2374     } else if (match_option(option, "-javaagent:", &tail)) {
2375 #if !INCLUDE_JVMTI
2376       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2377         "Instrumentation agents are not supported in this VM\n");
2378       return JNI_ERR;
2379 #else
2380       if (tail != nullptr) {
2381         size_t length = strlen(tail) + 1;
2382         char *options = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, length, mtArguments);
2383         jio_snprintf(options, length, "%s", tail);
2384         JvmtiAgentList::add("instrument", options, false);
2385         FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, options);
2386 
2387         // java agents need module java.instrument
2388         if (!create_numbered_module_property("jdk.module.addmods", "java.instrument", _addmods_count++)) {
2389           return JNI_ENOMEM;
2390         }
2391       }
2392 #endif // !INCLUDE_JVMTI
2393     // --enable_preview
2394     } else if (match_option(option, "--enable-preview")) {
2395       set_enable_preview();
2396       // --enable-preview enables Valhalla, EnableValhalla VM option will eventually be removed before integration
2397       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(EnableValhalla, true) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2398         return JNI_EINVAL;
2399       }
2400     // -Xnoclassgc
2401     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xnoclassgc")) {
2402       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(ClassUnloading, false) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2403         return JNI_EINVAL;
2404       }
2405     // -Xbatch
2406     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xbatch")) {
2407       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(BackgroundCompilation, false) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2408         return JNI_EINVAL;
2409       }
2410     // -Xmn for compatibility with other JVM vendors
2411     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xmn", &tail)) {
2412       julong long_initial_young_size = 0;
2413       ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &long_initial_young_size, 1);
2414       if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
2415         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2416                     "Invalid initial young generation size: %s\n", option->optionString);
2417         describe_range_error(errcode);
2418         return JNI_EINVAL;
2419       }
2420       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(MaxNewSize, (size_t)long_initial_young_size) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2421         return JNI_EINVAL;
2422       }
2423       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(NewSize, (size_t)long_initial_young_size) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2424         return JNI_EINVAL;
2425       }
2426     // -Xms
2427     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xms", &tail)) {
2428       julong size = 0;
2429       // an initial heap size of 0 means automatically determine
2430       ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &size, 0);
2431       if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
2432         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2433                     "Invalid initial heap size: %s\n", option->optionString);
2434         describe_range_error(errcode);
2435         return JNI_EINVAL;
2436       }
2437       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(MinHeapSize, (size_t)size) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2438         return JNI_EINVAL;
2439       }
2440       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(InitialHeapSize, (size_t)size) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2441         return JNI_EINVAL;
2442       }
2443     // -Xmx
2444     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xmx", &tail) || match_option(option, "-XX:MaxHeapSize=", &tail)) {
2445       julong long_max_heap_size = 0;
2446       ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &long_max_heap_size, 1);
2447       if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
2448         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2449                     "Invalid maximum heap size: %s\n", option->optionString);
2450         describe_range_error(errcode);
2451         return JNI_EINVAL;
2452       }
2453       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(MaxHeapSize, (size_t)long_max_heap_size) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2454         return JNI_EINVAL;
2455       }
2456     // Xmaxf
2457     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xmaxf", &tail)) {
2458       char* err;
2459       int maxf = (int)(strtod(tail, &err) * 100);
2460       if (*err != '\0' || *tail == '\0') {
2461         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2462                     "Bad max heap free percentage size: %s\n",
2463                     option->optionString);
2464         return JNI_EINVAL;
2465       } else {
2466         if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(MaxHeapFreeRatio, maxf) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2467             return JNI_EINVAL;
2468         }
2469       }
2470     // Xminf
2471     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xminf", &tail)) {
2472       char* err;
2473       int minf = (int)(strtod(tail, &err) * 100);
2474       if (*err != '\0' || *tail == '\0') {
2475         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2476                     "Bad min heap free percentage size: %s\n",
2477                     option->optionString);
2478         return JNI_EINVAL;
2479       } else {
2480         if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(MinHeapFreeRatio, minf) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2481           return JNI_EINVAL;
2482         }
2483       }
2484     // -Xss
2485     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xss", &tail)) {
2486       intx value = 0;
2487       jint err = parse_xss(option, tail, &value);
2488       if (err != JNI_OK) {
2489         return err;
2490       }
2491       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(ThreadStackSize, value) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2492         return JNI_EINVAL;
2493       }
2494     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xmaxjitcodesize", &tail) ||
2495                match_option(option, "-XX:ReservedCodeCacheSize=", &tail)) {
2496       julong long_ReservedCodeCacheSize = 0;
2497 
2498       ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &long_ReservedCodeCacheSize, 1);
2499       if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
2500         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2501                     "Invalid maximum code cache size: %s.\n", option->optionString);
2502         return JNI_EINVAL;
2503       }
2504       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(ReservedCodeCacheSize, (uintx)long_ReservedCodeCacheSize) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2505         return JNI_EINVAL;
2506       }
2507     // -green
2508     } else if (match_option(option, "-green")) {
2509       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2510                   "Green threads support not available\n");
2511           return JNI_EINVAL;
2512     // -native
2513     } else if (match_option(option, "-native")) {
2514           // HotSpot always uses native threads, ignore silently for compatibility
2515     // -Xrs
2516     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xrs")) {
2517           // Classic/EVM option, new functionality
2518       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(ReduceSignalUsage, true) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2519         return JNI_EINVAL;
2520       }
2521       // -Xprof
2522     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xprof")) {
2523       char version[256];
2524       // Obsolete in JDK 10
2525       JDK_Version::jdk(10).to_string(version, sizeof(version));
2526       warning("Ignoring option %s; support was removed in %s", option->optionString, version);
2527     // -Xinternalversion
2528     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xinternalversion")) {
2529       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(), "%s\n",
2530                   VM_Version::internal_vm_info_string());
2531       vm_exit(0);
2532 #ifndef PRODUCT
2533     // -Xprintflags
2534     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xprintflags")) {
2535       JVMFlag::printFlags(tty, false);
2536       vm_exit(0);
2537 #endif
2538     // -D
2539     } else if (match_option(option, "-D", &tail)) {
2540       const char* value;
2541       if (match_option(option, "-Djava.endorsed.dirs=", &value) &&
2542             *value!= '\0' && strcmp(value, "\"\"") != 0) {
2543         // abort if -Djava.endorsed.dirs is set
2544         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(),
2545           "-Djava.endorsed.dirs=%s is not supported. Endorsed standards and standalone APIs\n"
2546           "in modular form will be supported via the concept of upgradeable modules.\n", value);
2547         return JNI_EINVAL;
2548       }
2549       if (match_option(option, "-Djava.ext.dirs=", &value) &&
2550             *value != '\0' && strcmp(value, "\"\"") != 0) {
2551         // abort if -Djava.ext.dirs is set
2552         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(),
2553           "-Djava.ext.dirs=%s is not supported.  Use -classpath instead.\n", value);
2554         return JNI_EINVAL;
2555       }
2556       // Check for module related properties.  They must be set using the modules
2557       // options. For example: use "--add-modules=java.sql", not
2558       // "-Djdk.module.addmods=java.sql"
2559       if (is_internal_module_property(option->optionString + 2)) {
2560         needs_module_property_warning = true;
2561         continue;
2562       }
2563       if (!add_property(tail)) {
2564         return JNI_ENOMEM;
2565       }
2566       // Out of the box management support
2567       if (match_option(option, "-Dcom.sun.management", &tail)) {
2568 #if INCLUDE_MANAGEMENT
2569         if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(ManagementServer, true) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2570           return JNI_EINVAL;
2571         }
2572         // management agent in module jdk.management.agent
2573         if (!create_numbered_module_property("jdk.module.addmods", "jdk.management.agent", _addmods_count++)) {
2574           return JNI_ENOMEM;
2575         }
2576 #else
2577         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(),
2578           "-Dcom.sun.management is not supported in this VM.\n");
2579         return JNI_ERR;
2580 #endif
2581       }
2582     // -Xint
2583     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xint")) {
2584           set_mode_flags(_int);
2585           mode_flag_cmd_line = true;
2586     // -Xmixed
2587     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xmixed")) {
2588           set_mode_flags(_mixed);
2589           mode_flag_cmd_line = true;
2590     // -Xcomp
2591     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xcomp")) {
2592       // for testing the compiler; turn off all flags that inhibit compilation
2593           set_mode_flags(_comp);
2594           mode_flag_cmd_line = true;
2595     // -Xshare:dump
2596     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xshare:dump")) {
2597       CDSConfig::enable_dumping_static_archive();
2598     // -Xshare:on
2599     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xshare:on")) {
2600       UseSharedSpaces = true;
2601       RequireSharedSpaces = true;
2602     // -Xshare:auto || -XX:ArchiveClassesAtExit=<archive file>
2603     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xshare:auto")) {
2604       UseSharedSpaces = true;
2605       RequireSharedSpaces = false;
2606       xshare_auto_cmd_line = true;
2607     // -Xshare:off
2608     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xshare:off")) {
2609       UseSharedSpaces = false;
2610       RequireSharedSpaces = false;
2611     // -Xverify
2612     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xverify", &tail)) {
2613       if (strcmp(tail, ":all") == 0 || strcmp(tail, "") == 0) {
2614         if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(BytecodeVerificationLocal, true) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2615           return JNI_EINVAL;
2616         }
2617         if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(BytecodeVerificationRemote, true) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2618           return JNI_EINVAL;
2619         }
2620       } else if (strcmp(tail, ":remote") == 0) {
2621         if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(BytecodeVerificationLocal, false) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2622           return JNI_EINVAL;
2623         }
2624         if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(BytecodeVerificationRemote, true) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2625           return JNI_EINVAL;
2626         }
2627       } else if (strcmp(tail, ":none") == 0) {
2628         if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(BytecodeVerificationLocal, false) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2629           return JNI_EINVAL;
2630         }
2631         if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(BytecodeVerificationRemote, false) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2632           return JNI_EINVAL;
2633         }
2634         warning("Options -Xverify:none and -noverify were deprecated in JDK 13 and will likely be removed in a future release.");
2635       } else if (is_bad_option(option, args->ignoreUnrecognized, "verification")) {
2636         return JNI_EINVAL;
2637       }
2638     // -Xdebug
2639     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xdebug")) {
2640       warning("Option -Xdebug was deprecated in JDK 22 and will likely be removed in a future release.");
2641     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xloggc:", &tail)) {
2642       // Deprecated flag to redirect GC output to a file. -Xloggc:<filename>
2643       log_warning(gc)("-Xloggc is deprecated. Will use -Xlog:gc:%s instead.", tail);
2644       _legacyGCLogging.lastFlag = 2;
2645       _legacyGCLogging.file = os::strdup_check_oom(tail);
2646     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xlog", &tail)) {
2647       bool ret = false;
2648       if (strcmp(tail, ":help") == 0) {
2649         fileStream stream(defaultStream::output_stream());
2650         LogConfiguration::print_command_line_help(&stream);
2651         vm_exit(0);
2652       } else if (strcmp(tail, ":disable") == 0) {
2653         LogConfiguration::disable_logging();
2654         ret = true;
2655       } else if (strcmp(tail, ":async") == 0) {
2656         LogConfiguration::set_async_mode(true);
2657         ret = true;
2658       } else if (*tail == '\0') {
2659         ret = LogConfiguration::parse_command_line_arguments();
2660         assert(ret, "-Xlog without arguments should never fail to parse");
2661       } else if (*tail == ':') {
2662         ret = LogConfiguration::parse_command_line_arguments(tail + 1);
2663       }
2664       if (ret == false) {
2665         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2666                     "Invalid -Xlog option '-Xlog%s', see error log for details.\n",
2667                     tail);
2668         return JNI_EINVAL;
2669       }
2670     // JNI hooks
2671     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xcheck", &tail)) {
2672       if (!strcmp(tail, ":jni")) {
2673 #if !INCLUDE_JNI_CHECK
2674         warning("JNI CHECKING is not supported in this VM");
2675 #else
2676         CheckJNICalls = true;
2677 #endif // INCLUDE_JNI_CHECK
2678       } else if (is_bad_option(option, args->ignoreUnrecognized,
2679                                      "check")) {
2680         return JNI_EINVAL;
2681       }
2682     } else if (match_option(option, "vfprintf")) {
2683       _vfprintf_hook = CAST_TO_FN_PTR(vfprintf_hook_t, option->extraInfo);
2684     } else if (match_option(option, "exit")) {
2685       _exit_hook = CAST_TO_FN_PTR(exit_hook_t, option->extraInfo);
2686     } else if (match_option(option, "abort")) {
2687       _abort_hook = CAST_TO_FN_PTR(abort_hook_t, option->extraInfo);
2688     // Need to keep consistency of MaxTenuringThreshold and AlwaysTenure/NeverTenure;
2689     // and the last option wins.
2690     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+NeverTenure")) {
2691       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(NeverTenure, true) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2692         return JNI_EINVAL;
2693       }
2694       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(AlwaysTenure, false) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2695         return JNI_EINVAL;
2696       }
2697       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(MaxTenuringThreshold, markWord::max_age + 1) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2698         return JNI_EINVAL;
2699       }
2700     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+AlwaysTenure")) {
2701       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(NeverTenure, false) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2702         return JNI_EINVAL;
2703       }
2704       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(AlwaysTenure, true) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2705         return JNI_EINVAL;
2706       }
2707       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(MaxTenuringThreshold, 0) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2708         return JNI_EINVAL;
2709       }
2710     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:MaxTenuringThreshold=", &tail)) {
2711       uint max_tenuring_thresh = 0;
2712       if (!parse_uint(tail, &max_tenuring_thresh, 0)) {
2713         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2714                     "Improperly specified VM option \'MaxTenuringThreshold=%s\'\n", tail);
2715         return JNI_EINVAL;
2716       }
2717 
2718       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(MaxTenuringThreshold, max_tenuring_thresh) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2719         return JNI_EINVAL;
2720       }
2721 
2722       if (MaxTenuringThreshold == 0) {
2723         if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(NeverTenure, false) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2724           return JNI_EINVAL;
2725         }
2726         if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(AlwaysTenure, true) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2727           return JNI_EINVAL;
2728         }
2729       } else {
2730         if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(NeverTenure, false) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2731           return JNI_EINVAL;
2732         }
2733         if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(AlwaysTenure, false) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2734           return JNI_EINVAL;
2735         }
2736       }
2737     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+DisplayVMOutputToStderr")) {
2738       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(DisplayVMOutputToStdout, false) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2739         return JNI_EINVAL;
2740       }
2741       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(DisplayVMOutputToStderr, true) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2742         return JNI_EINVAL;
2743       }
2744     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+DisplayVMOutputToStdout")) {
2745       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(DisplayVMOutputToStderr, false) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2746         return JNI_EINVAL;
2747       }
2748       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(DisplayVMOutputToStdout, true) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2749         return JNI_EINVAL;
2750       }
2751     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+ErrorFileToStderr")) {
2752       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(ErrorFileToStdout, false) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2753         return JNI_EINVAL;
2754       }
2755       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(ErrorFileToStderr, true) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2756         return JNI_EINVAL;
2757       }
2758     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+ErrorFileToStdout")) {
2759       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(ErrorFileToStderr, false) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2760         return JNI_EINVAL;
2761       }
2762       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(ErrorFileToStdout, true) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2763         return JNI_EINVAL;
2764       }
2765     } else if (match_option(option, "--finalization=", &tail)) {
2766       if (strcmp(tail, "enabled") == 0) {
2767         InstanceKlass::set_finalization_enabled(true);
2768       } else if (strcmp(tail, "disabled") == 0) {
2769         InstanceKlass::set_finalization_enabled(false);
2770       } else {
2771         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2772                     "Invalid finalization value '%s', must be 'disabled' or 'enabled'.\n",
2773                     tail);
2774         return JNI_EINVAL;
2775       }
2776 #if !defined(DTRACE_ENABLED)
2777     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+DTraceMethodProbes")) {
2778       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2779                   "DTraceMethodProbes flag is not applicable for this configuration\n");
2780       return JNI_EINVAL;
2781     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+DTraceAllocProbes")) {
2782       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2783                   "DTraceAllocProbes flag is not applicable for this configuration\n");
2784       return JNI_EINVAL;
2785     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+DTraceMonitorProbes")) {
2786       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2787                   "DTraceMonitorProbes flag is not applicable for this configuration\n");
2788       return JNI_EINVAL;
2789 #endif // !defined(DTRACE_ENABLED)
2790 #ifdef ASSERT
2791     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+FullGCALot")) {
2792       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(FullGCALot, true) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2793         return JNI_EINVAL;
2794       }
2795 #endif
2796 #if !INCLUDE_MANAGEMENT
2797     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+ManagementServer")) {
2798         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2799           "ManagementServer is not supported in this VM.\n");
2800         return JNI_ERR;
2801 #endif // INCLUDE_MANAGEMENT
2802 #if INCLUDE_JVMCI
2803     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:-EnableJVMCIProduct") || match_option(option, "-XX:-UseGraalJIT")) {
2804       if (EnableJVMCIProduct) {
2805         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2806                   "-XX:-EnableJVMCIProduct or -XX:-UseGraalJIT cannot come after -XX:+EnableJVMCIProduct or -XX:+UseGraalJIT\n");
2807         return JNI_EINVAL;
2808       }
2809     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+EnableJVMCIProduct") || match_option(option, "-XX:+UseGraalJIT")) {
2810       bool use_graal_jit = match_option(option, "-XX:+UseGraalJIT");
2811       if (use_graal_jit) {
2812         const char* jvmci_compiler = get_property("jvmci.Compiler");
2813         if (jvmci_compiler != nullptr) {
2814           if (strncmp(jvmci_compiler, "graal", strlen("graal")) != 0) {
2815             jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2816               "Value of jvmci.Compiler incompatible with +UseGraalJIT: %s\n", jvmci_compiler);
2817             return JNI_ERR;
2818           }
2819         } else if (!add_property("jvmci.Compiler=graal")) {
2820             return JNI_ENOMEM;
2821         }
2822       }
2823 
2824       // Just continue, since "-XX:+EnableJVMCIProduct" or "-XX:+UseGraalJIT" has been specified before
2825       if (EnableJVMCIProduct) {
2826         continue;
2827       }
2828       JVMFlag *jvmciFlag = JVMFlag::find_flag("EnableJVMCIProduct");
2829       // Allow this flag if it has been unlocked.
2830       if (jvmciFlag != nullptr && jvmciFlag->is_unlocked()) {
2831         if (!JVMCIGlobals::enable_jvmci_product_mode(origin, use_graal_jit)) {
2832           jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2833             "Unable to enable JVMCI in product mode\n");
2834           return JNI_ERR;
2835         }
2836       }
2837       // The flag was locked so process normally to report that error
2838       else if (!process_argument(use_graal_jit ? "UseGraalJIT" : "EnableJVMCIProduct", args->ignoreUnrecognized, origin)) {
2839         return JNI_EINVAL;
2840       }
2841 #endif // INCLUDE_JVMCI
2842 #if INCLUDE_JFR
2843     } else if (match_jfr_option(&option)) {
2844       return JNI_EINVAL;
2845 #endif
2846     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:", &tail)) { // -XX:xxxx
2847       // Skip -XX:Flags= and -XX:VMOptionsFile= since those cases have
2848       // already been handled
2849       if ((strncmp(tail, "Flags=", strlen("Flags=")) != 0) &&
2850           (strncmp(tail, "VMOptionsFile=", strlen("VMOptionsFile=")) != 0)) {
2851         if (!process_argument(tail, args->ignoreUnrecognized, origin)) {
2852           return JNI_EINVAL;
2853         }
2854       }
2855     // Unknown option
2856     } else if (is_bad_option(option, args->ignoreUnrecognized)) {
2857       return JNI_ERR;
2858     }
2859   }
2860 
2861   // PrintSharedArchiveAndExit will turn on
2862   //   -Xshare:on
2863   //   -Xlog:class+path=info
2864   if (PrintSharedArchiveAndExit) {
2865     UseSharedSpaces = true;
2866     RequireSharedSpaces = true;
2867     LogConfiguration::configure_stdout(LogLevel::Info, true, LOG_TAGS(class, path));
2868   }
2869 
2870   fix_appclasspath();
2871 
2872   return JNI_OK;
2873 }
2874 
2875 void Arguments::add_patch_mod_prefix(const char* module_name, const char* path, bool allow_append, bool allow_cds) {
2876   if (!allow_cds) {
2877     CDSConfig::set_module_patching_disables_cds();
2878     if (strcmp(module_name, JAVA_BASE_NAME) == 0) {
2879       CDSConfig::set_java_base_module_patching_disables_cds();
2880     }
2881   }
2882 
2883   // Create GrowableArray lazily, only if --patch-module has been specified
2884   if (_patch_mod_prefix == nullptr) {
2885     _patch_mod_prefix = new (mtArguments) GrowableArray<ModulePatchPath*>(10, mtArguments);
2886   }
2887 
2888   // Scan patches for matching module
2889   int i = _patch_mod_prefix->find_if([&](ModulePatchPath* patch) {
2890     return (strcmp(module_name, patch->module_name()) == 0);
2891   });
2892   if (i == -1) {
2893     _patch_mod_prefix->push(new ModulePatchPath(module_name, path));
2894   } else {
2895     if (allow_append) {
2896       // append path to existing module entry
2897       _patch_mod_prefix->at(i)->append_path(path);
2898     } else {
2899       if (strcmp(module_name, JAVA_BASE_NAME) == 0) {
2900         vm_exit_during_initialization("Cannot specify " JAVA_BASE_NAME " more than once to --patch-module");
2901       } else {
2902         vm_exit_during_initialization("Cannot specify a module more than once to --patch-module", module_name);
2903       }
2904     }
2905   }
2906 }
2907 
2908 // Remove all empty paths from the app classpath (if IgnoreEmptyClassPaths is enabled)
2909 //
2910 // This is necessary because some apps like to specify classpath like -cp foo.jar:${XYZ}:bar.jar
2911 // in their start-up scripts. If XYZ is empty, the classpath will look like "-cp foo.jar::bar.jar".
2912 // Java treats such empty paths as if the user specified "-cp foo.jar:.:bar.jar". I.e., an empty
2913 // path is treated as the current directory.
2914 //
2915 // This causes problems with CDS, which requires that all directories specified in the classpath
2916 // must be empty. In most cases, applications do NOT want to load classes from the current
2917 // directory anyway. Adding -XX:+IgnoreEmptyClassPaths will make these applications' start-up
2918 // scripts compatible with CDS.
2919 void Arguments::fix_appclasspath() {
2920   if (IgnoreEmptyClassPaths) {
2921     const char separator = *os::path_separator();
2922     const char* src = _java_class_path->value();
2923 
2924     // skip over all the leading empty paths
2925     while (*src == separator) {
2926       src ++;
2927     }
2928 
2929     char* copy = os::strdup_check_oom(src, mtArguments);
2930 
2931     // trim all trailing empty paths
2932     for (char* tail = copy + strlen(copy) - 1; tail >= copy && *tail == separator; tail--) {
2933       *tail = '\0';
2934     }
2935 
2936     char from[3] = {separator, separator, '\0'};
2937     char to  [2] = {separator, '\0'};
2938     while (StringUtils::replace_no_expand(copy, from, to) > 0) {
2939       // Keep replacing "::" -> ":" until we have no more "::" (non-windows)
2940       // Keep replacing ";;" -> ";" until we have no more ";;" (windows)
2941     }
2942 
2943     _java_class_path->set_writeable_value(copy);
2944     FreeHeap(copy); // a copy was made by set_value, so don't need this anymore
2945   }
2946 }
2947 
2948 jint Arguments::finalize_vm_init_args() {
2949   // check if the default lib/endorsed directory exists; if so, error
2950   char path[JVM_MAXPATHLEN];
2951   const char* fileSep = os::file_separator();
2952   jio_snprintf(path, JVM_MAXPATHLEN, "%s%slib%sendorsed", Arguments::get_java_home(), fileSep, fileSep);
2953 
2954   DIR* dir = os::opendir(path);
2955   if (dir != nullptr) {
2956     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(),
2957       "<JAVA_HOME>/lib/endorsed is not supported. Endorsed standards and standalone APIs\n"
2958       "in modular form will be supported via the concept of upgradeable modules.\n");
2959     os::closedir(dir);
2960     return JNI_ERR;
2961   }
2962 
2963   jio_snprintf(path, JVM_MAXPATHLEN, "%s%slib%sext", Arguments::get_java_home(), fileSep, fileSep);
2964   dir = os::opendir(path);
2965   if (dir != nullptr) {
2966     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(),
2967       "<JAVA_HOME>/lib/ext exists, extensions mechanism no longer supported; "
2968       "Use -classpath instead.\n.");
2969     os::closedir(dir);
2970     return JNI_ERR;
2971   }
2972 
2973   // This must be done after all arguments have been processed
2974   // and the container support has been initialized since AggressiveHeap
2975   // relies on the amount of total memory available.
2976   if (AggressiveHeap) {
2977     jint result = set_aggressive_heap_flags();
2978     if (result != JNI_OK) {
2979       return result;
2980     }
2981   }
2982 
2983   // CompileThresholdScaling == 0.0 is same as -Xint: Disable compilation (enable interpreter-only mode),
2984   // but like -Xint, leave compilation thresholds unaffected.
2985   // With tiered compilation disabled, setting CompileThreshold to 0 disables compilation as well.
2986   if ((CompileThresholdScaling == 0.0) || (!TieredCompilation && CompileThreshold == 0)) {
2987     set_mode_flags(_int);
2988   }
2989 
2990 #ifdef ZERO
2991   // Zero always runs in interpreted mode
2992   set_mode_flags(_int);
2993 #endif
2994 
2995   // eventually fix up InitialTenuringThreshold if only MaxTenuringThreshold is set
2996   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(InitialTenuringThreshold) && (InitialTenuringThreshold > MaxTenuringThreshold)) {
2997     FLAG_SET_ERGO(InitialTenuringThreshold, MaxTenuringThreshold);
2998   }
2999 
3000 #if !COMPILER2_OR_JVMCI
3001   // Don't degrade server performance for footprint
3002   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseLargePages) &&
3003       MaxHeapSize < LargePageHeapSizeThreshold) {
3004     // No need for large granularity pages w/small heaps.
3005     // Note that large pages are enabled/disabled for both the
3006     // Java heap and the code cache.
3007     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseLargePages, false);
3008   }
3009 
3010   UNSUPPORTED_OPTION(ProfileInterpreter);
3011 #endif
3012 
3013   // Parse the CompilationMode flag
3014   if (!CompilationModeFlag::initialize()) {
3015     return JNI_ERR;
3016   }
3017 
3018   if (!check_vm_args_consistency()) {
3019     return JNI_ERR;
3020   }
3021 
3022   // finalize --module-patch and related --enable-preview
3023   if (finalize_patch_module() != JNI_OK) {
3024     return JNI_ERR;
3025   }
3026 
3027   if (!CDSConfig::check_vm_args_consistency(mode_flag_cmd_line)) {
3028     return JNI_ERR;
3029   }
3030 
3031 #ifndef CAN_SHOW_REGISTERS_ON_ASSERT
3032   UNSUPPORTED_OPTION(ShowRegistersOnAssert);
3033 #endif // CAN_SHOW_REGISTERS_ON_ASSERT
3034 
3035   return JNI_OK;
3036 }
3037 
3038 // Helper class for controlling the lifetime of JavaVMInitArgs
3039 // objects.  The contents of the JavaVMInitArgs are guaranteed to be
3040 // deleted on the destruction of the ScopedVMInitArgs object.
3041 class ScopedVMInitArgs : public StackObj {
3042  private:
3043   JavaVMInitArgs _args;
3044   char*          _container_name;
3045   bool           _is_set;
3046   char*          _vm_options_file_arg;
3047 
3048  public:
3049   ScopedVMInitArgs(const char *container_name) {
3050     _args.version = JNI_VERSION_1_2;
3051     _args.nOptions = 0;
3052     _args.options = nullptr;
3053     _args.ignoreUnrecognized = false;
3054     _container_name = (char *)container_name;
3055     _is_set = false;
3056     _vm_options_file_arg = nullptr;
3057   }
3058 
3059   // Populates the JavaVMInitArgs object represented by this
3060   // ScopedVMInitArgs object with the arguments in options.  The
3061   // allocated memory is deleted by the destructor.  If this method
3062   // returns anything other than JNI_OK, then this object is in a
3063   // partially constructed state, and should be abandoned.
3064   jint set_args(const GrowableArrayView<JavaVMOption>* options) {
3065     _is_set = true;
3066     JavaVMOption* options_arr = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY_RETURN_NULL(
3067         JavaVMOption, options->length(), mtArguments);
3068     if (options_arr == nullptr) {
3069       return JNI_ENOMEM;
3070     }
3071     _args.options = options_arr;
3072 
3073     for (int i = 0; i < options->length(); i++) {
3074       options_arr[i] = options->at(i);
3075       options_arr[i].optionString = os::strdup(options_arr[i].optionString);
3076       if (options_arr[i].optionString == nullptr) {
3077         // Rely on the destructor to do cleanup.
3078         _args.nOptions = i;
3079         return JNI_ENOMEM;
3080       }
3081     }
3082 
3083     _args.nOptions = options->length();
3084     _args.ignoreUnrecognized = IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions;
3085     return JNI_OK;
3086   }
3087 
3088   JavaVMInitArgs* get()             { return &_args; }
3089   char* container_name()            { return _container_name; }
3090   bool  is_set()                    { return _is_set; }
3091   bool  found_vm_options_file_arg() { return _vm_options_file_arg != nullptr; }
3092   char* vm_options_file_arg()       { return _vm_options_file_arg; }
3093 
3094   void set_vm_options_file_arg(const char *vm_options_file_arg) {
3095     if (_vm_options_file_arg != nullptr) {
3096       os::free(_vm_options_file_arg);
3097     }
3098     _vm_options_file_arg = os::strdup_check_oom(vm_options_file_arg);
3099   }
3100 
3101   ~ScopedVMInitArgs() {
3102     if (_vm_options_file_arg != nullptr) {
3103       os::free(_vm_options_file_arg);
3104     }
3105     if (_args.options == nullptr) return;
3106     for (int i = 0; i < _args.nOptions; i++) {
3107       os::free(_args.options[i].optionString);
3108     }
3109     FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(JavaVMOption, _args.options);
3110   }
3111 
3112   // Insert options into this option list, to replace option at
3113   // vm_options_file_pos (-XX:VMOptionsFile)
3114   jint insert(const JavaVMInitArgs* args,
3115               const JavaVMInitArgs* args_to_insert,
3116               const int vm_options_file_pos) {
3117     assert(_args.options == nullptr, "shouldn't be set yet");
3118     assert(args_to_insert->nOptions != 0, "there should be args to insert");
3119     assert(vm_options_file_pos != -1, "vm_options_file_pos should be set");
3120 
3121     int length = args->nOptions + args_to_insert->nOptions - 1;
3122     // Construct new option array
3123     GrowableArrayCHeap<JavaVMOption, mtArguments> options(length);
3124     for (int i = 0; i < args->nOptions; i++) {
3125       if (i == vm_options_file_pos) {
3126         // insert the new options starting at the same place as the
3127         // -XX:VMOptionsFile option
3128         for (int j = 0; j < args_to_insert->nOptions; j++) {
3129           options.push(args_to_insert->options[j]);
3130         }
3131       } else {
3132         options.push(args->options[i]);
3133       }
3134     }
3135     // make into options array
3136     return set_args(&options);
3137   }
3138 };
3139 
3140 jint Arguments::parse_java_options_environment_variable(ScopedVMInitArgs* args) {
3141   return parse_options_environment_variable("_JAVA_OPTIONS", args);
3142 }
3143 
3144 jint Arguments::parse_java_tool_options_environment_variable(ScopedVMInitArgs* args) {
3145   return parse_options_environment_variable("JAVA_TOOL_OPTIONS", args);
3146 }
3147 
3148 jint Arguments::parse_options_environment_variable(const char* name,
3149                                                    ScopedVMInitArgs* vm_args) {
3150   char *buffer = ::getenv(name);
3151 
3152   // Don't check this environment variable if user has special privileges
3153   // (e.g. unix su command).
3154   if (buffer == nullptr || os::have_special_privileges()) {
3155     return JNI_OK;
3156   }
3157 
3158   if ((buffer = os::strdup(buffer)) == nullptr) {
3159     return JNI_ENOMEM;
3160   }
3161 
3162   jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3163               "Picked up %s: %s\n", name, buffer);
3164 
3165   int retcode = parse_options_buffer(name, buffer, strlen(buffer), vm_args);
3166 
3167   os::free(buffer);
3168   return retcode;
3169 }
3170 
3171 jint Arguments::parse_vm_options_file(const char* file_name, ScopedVMInitArgs* vm_args) {
3172   // read file into buffer
3173   int fd = ::open(file_name, O_RDONLY);
3174   if (fd < 0) {
3175     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3176                 "Could not open options file '%s'\n",
3177                 file_name);
3178     return JNI_ERR;
3179   }
3180 
3181   struct stat stbuf;
3182   int retcode = os::stat(file_name, &stbuf);
3183   if (retcode != 0) {
3184     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3185                 "Could not stat options file '%s'\n",
3186                 file_name);
3187     ::close(fd);
3188     return JNI_ERR;
3189   }
3190 
3191   if (stbuf.st_size == 0) {
3192     // tell caller there is no option data and that is ok
3193     ::close(fd);
3194     return JNI_OK;
3195   }
3196 
3197   // '+ 1' for null termination even with max bytes
3198   size_t bytes_alloc = stbuf.st_size + 1;
3199 
3200   char *buf = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY_RETURN_NULL(char, bytes_alloc, mtArguments);
3201   if (nullptr == buf) {
3202     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3203                 "Could not allocate read buffer for options file parse\n");
3204     ::close(fd);
3205     return JNI_ENOMEM;
3206   }
3207 
3208   memset(buf, 0, bytes_alloc);
3209 
3210   // Fill buffer
3211   ssize_t bytes_read = ::read(fd, (void *)buf, (unsigned)bytes_alloc);
3212   ::close(fd);
3213   if (bytes_read < 0) {
3214     FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, buf);
3215     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3216                 "Could not read options file '%s'\n", file_name);
3217     return JNI_ERR;
3218   }
3219 
3220   if (bytes_read == 0) {
3221     // tell caller there is no option data and that is ok
3222     FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, buf);
3223     return JNI_OK;
3224   }
3225 
3226   retcode = parse_options_buffer(file_name, buf, bytes_read, vm_args);
3227 
3228   FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, buf);
3229   return retcode;
3230 }
3231 
3232 jint Arguments::parse_options_buffer(const char* name, char* buffer, const size_t buf_len, ScopedVMInitArgs* vm_args) {
3233   // Construct option array
3234   GrowableArrayCHeap<JavaVMOption, mtArguments> options(2);
3235 
3236   // some pointers to help with parsing
3237   char *buffer_end = buffer + buf_len;
3238   char *opt_hd = buffer;
3239   char *wrt = buffer;
3240   char *rd = buffer;
3241 
3242   // parse all options
3243   while (rd < buffer_end) {
3244     // skip leading white space from the input string
3245     while (rd < buffer_end && isspace((unsigned char) *rd)) {
3246       rd++;
3247     }
3248 
3249     if (rd >= buffer_end) {
3250       break;
3251     }
3252 
3253     // Remember this is where we found the head of the token.
3254     opt_hd = wrt;
3255 
3256     // Tokens are strings of non white space characters separated
3257     // by one or more white spaces.
3258     while (rd < buffer_end && !isspace((unsigned char) *rd)) {
3259       if (*rd == '\'' || *rd == '"') {      // handle a quoted string
3260         int quote = *rd;                    // matching quote to look for
3261         rd++;                               // don't copy open quote
3262         while (rd < buffer_end && *rd != quote) {
3263                                             // include everything (even spaces)
3264                                             // up until the close quote
3265           *wrt++ = *rd++;                   // copy to option string
3266         }
3267 
3268         if (rd < buffer_end) {
3269           rd++;                             // don't copy close quote
3270         } else {
3271                                             // did not see closing quote
3272           jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3273                       "Unmatched quote in %s\n", name);
3274           return JNI_ERR;
3275         }
3276       } else {
3277         *wrt++ = *rd++;                     // copy to option string
3278       }
3279     }
3280 
3281     // steal a white space character and set it to null
3282     *wrt++ = '\0';
3283     // We now have a complete token
3284 
3285     JavaVMOption option;
3286     option.optionString = opt_hd;
3287     option.extraInfo = nullptr;
3288 
3289     options.append(option);                // Fill in option
3290 
3291     rd++;  // Advance to next character
3292   }
3293 
3294   // Fill out JavaVMInitArgs structure.
3295   return vm_args->set_args(&options);
3296 }
3297 
3298 #ifndef PRODUCT
3299 // Determine whether LogVMOutput should be implicitly turned on.
3300 static bool use_vm_log() {
3301   if (LogCompilation || !FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(LogFile) ||
3302       PrintCompilation || PrintInlining || PrintDependencies || PrintNativeNMethods ||
3303       PrintDebugInfo || PrintRelocations || PrintNMethods || PrintExceptionHandlers ||
3304       PrintAssembly || TraceDeoptimization ||
3305       (VerifyDependencies && FLAG_IS_CMDLINE(VerifyDependencies))) {
3306     return true;
3307   }
3308 
3309 #ifdef COMPILER1
3310   if (PrintC1Statistics) {
3311     return true;
3312   }
3313 #endif // COMPILER1
3314 
3315 #ifdef COMPILER2
3316   if (PrintOptoAssembly || PrintOptoStatistics) {
3317     return true;
3318   }
3319 #endif // COMPILER2
3320 
3321   return false;
3322 }
3323 
3324 #endif // PRODUCT
3325 
3326 bool Arguments::args_contains_vm_options_file_arg(const JavaVMInitArgs* args) {
3327   for (int index = 0; index < args->nOptions; index++) {
3328     const JavaVMOption* option = args->options + index;
3329     const char* tail;
3330     if (match_option(option, "-XX:VMOptionsFile=", &tail)) {
3331       return true;
3332     }
3333   }
3334   return false;
3335 }
3336 
3337 jint Arguments::insert_vm_options_file(const JavaVMInitArgs* args,
3338                                        const char* vm_options_file,
3339                                        const int vm_options_file_pos,
3340                                        ScopedVMInitArgs* vm_options_file_args,
3341                                        ScopedVMInitArgs* args_out) {
3342   jint code = parse_vm_options_file(vm_options_file, vm_options_file_args);
3343   if (code != JNI_OK) {
3344     return code;
3345   }
3346 
3347   if (vm_options_file_args->get()->nOptions < 1) {
3348     return JNI_OK;
3349   }
3350 
3351   if (args_contains_vm_options_file_arg(vm_options_file_args->get())) {
3352     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3353                 "A VM options file may not refer to a VM options file. "
3354                 "Specification of '-XX:VMOptionsFile=<file-name>' in the "
3355                 "options file '%s' in options container '%s' is an error.\n",
3356                 vm_options_file_args->vm_options_file_arg(),
3357                 vm_options_file_args->container_name());
3358     return JNI_EINVAL;
3359   }
3360 
3361   return args_out->insert(args, vm_options_file_args->get(),
3362                           vm_options_file_pos);
3363 }
3364 
3365 // Expand -XX:VMOptionsFile found in args_in as needed.
3366 // mod_args and args_out parameters may return values as needed.
3367 jint Arguments::expand_vm_options_as_needed(const JavaVMInitArgs* args_in,
3368                                             ScopedVMInitArgs* mod_args,
3369                                             JavaVMInitArgs** args_out) {
3370   jint code = match_special_option_and_act(args_in, mod_args);
3371   if (code != JNI_OK) {
3372     return code;
3373   }
3374 
3375   if (mod_args->is_set()) {
3376     // args_in contains -XX:VMOptionsFile and mod_args contains the
3377     // original options from args_in along with the options expanded
3378     // from the VMOptionsFile. Return a short-hand to the caller.
3379     *args_out = mod_args->get();
3380   } else {
3381     *args_out = (JavaVMInitArgs *)args_in;  // no changes so use args_in
3382   }
3383   return JNI_OK;
3384 }
3385 
3386 jint Arguments::match_special_option_and_act(const JavaVMInitArgs* args,
3387                                              ScopedVMInitArgs* args_out) {
3388   // Remaining part of option string
3389   const char* tail;
3390   ScopedVMInitArgs vm_options_file_args(args_out->container_name());
3391 
3392   for (int index = 0; index < args->nOptions; index++) {
3393     const JavaVMOption* option = args->options + index;
3394     if (match_option(option, "-XX:Flags=", &tail)) {
3395       Arguments::set_jvm_flags_file(tail);
3396       continue;
3397     }
3398     if (match_option(option, "-XX:VMOptionsFile=", &tail)) {
3399       if (vm_options_file_args.found_vm_options_file_arg()) {
3400         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3401                     "The option '%s' is already specified in the options "
3402                     "container '%s' so the specification of '%s' in the "
3403                     "same options container is an error.\n",
3404                     vm_options_file_args.vm_options_file_arg(),
3405                     vm_options_file_args.container_name(),
3406                     option->optionString);
3407         return JNI_EINVAL;
3408       }
3409       vm_options_file_args.set_vm_options_file_arg(option->optionString);
3410       // If there's a VMOptionsFile, parse that
3411       jint code = insert_vm_options_file(args, tail, index,
3412                                          &vm_options_file_args, args_out);
3413       if (code != JNI_OK) {
3414         return code;
3415       }
3416       args_out->set_vm_options_file_arg(vm_options_file_args.vm_options_file_arg());
3417       if (args_out->is_set()) {
3418         // The VMOptions file inserted some options so switch 'args'
3419         // to the new set of options, and continue processing which
3420         // preserves "last option wins" semantics.
3421         args = args_out->get();
3422         // The first option from the VMOptionsFile replaces the
3423         // current option.  So we back track to process the
3424         // replacement option.
3425         index--;
3426       }
3427       continue;
3428     }
3429     if (match_option(option, "-XX:+PrintVMOptions")) {
3430       PrintVMOptions = true;
3431       continue;
3432     }
3433     if (match_option(option, "-XX:-PrintVMOptions")) {
3434       PrintVMOptions = false;
3435       continue;
3436     }
3437     if (match_option(option, "-XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions")) {
3438       IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions = true;
3439       continue;
3440     }
3441     if (match_option(option, "-XX:-IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions")) {
3442       IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions = false;
3443       continue;
3444     }
3445     if (match_option(option, "-XX:+PrintFlagsInitial")) {
3446       JVMFlag::printFlags(tty, false);
3447       vm_exit(0);
3448     }
3449 
3450 #ifndef PRODUCT
3451     if (match_option(option, "-XX:+PrintFlagsWithComments")) {
3452       JVMFlag::printFlags(tty, true);
3453       vm_exit(0);
3454     }
3455 #endif
3456   }
3457   return JNI_OK;
3458 }
3459 
3460 static void print_options(const JavaVMInitArgs *args) {
3461   const char* tail;
3462   for (int index = 0; index < args->nOptions; index++) {
3463     const JavaVMOption *option = args->options + index;
3464     if (match_option(option, "-XX:", &tail)) {
3465       logOption(tail);
3466     }
3467   }
3468 }
3469 
3470 bool Arguments::handle_deprecated_print_gc_flags() {
3471   if (PrintGC) {
3472     log_warning(gc)("-XX:+PrintGC is deprecated. Will use -Xlog:gc instead.");
3473   }
3474   if (PrintGCDetails) {
3475     log_warning(gc)("-XX:+PrintGCDetails is deprecated. Will use -Xlog:gc* instead.");
3476   }
3477 
3478   if (_legacyGCLogging.lastFlag == 2) {
3479     // -Xloggc was used to specify a filename
3480     const char* gc_conf = PrintGCDetails ? "gc*" : "gc";
3481 
3482     LogTarget(Error, logging) target;
3483     LogStream errstream(target);
3484     return LogConfiguration::parse_log_arguments(_legacyGCLogging.file, gc_conf, nullptr, nullptr, &errstream);
3485   } else if (PrintGC || PrintGCDetails || (_legacyGCLogging.lastFlag == 1)) {
3486     LogConfiguration::configure_stdout(LogLevel::Info, !PrintGCDetails, LOG_TAGS(gc));
3487   }
3488   return true;
3489 }
3490 
3491 static void apply_debugger_ergo() {
3492 #ifdef ASSERT
3493   if (ReplayCompiles) {
3494     FLAG_SET_ERGO_IF_DEFAULT(UseDebuggerErgo, true);
3495   }
3496 
3497   if (UseDebuggerErgo) {
3498     // Turn on sub-flags
3499     FLAG_SET_ERGO_IF_DEFAULT(UseDebuggerErgo1, true);
3500     FLAG_SET_ERGO_IF_DEFAULT(UseDebuggerErgo2, true);
3501   }
3502 
3503   if (UseDebuggerErgo2) {
3504     // Debugging with limited number of CPUs
3505     FLAG_SET_ERGO_IF_DEFAULT(UseNUMA, false);
3506     FLAG_SET_ERGO_IF_DEFAULT(ConcGCThreads, 1);
3507     FLAG_SET_ERGO_IF_DEFAULT(ParallelGCThreads, 1);
3508     FLAG_SET_ERGO_IF_DEFAULT(CICompilerCount, 2);
3509   }
3510 #endif // ASSERT
3511 }
3512 
3513 // Parse entry point called from JNI_CreateJavaVM
3514 
3515 jint Arguments::parse(const JavaVMInitArgs* initial_cmd_args) {
3516   assert(verify_special_jvm_flags(false), "deprecated and obsolete flag table inconsistent");
3517   JVMFlag::check_all_flag_declarations();
3518 
3519   // If flag "-XX:Flags=flags-file" is used it will be the first option to be processed.
3520   const char* hotspotrc = ".hotspotrc";
3521   bool settings_file_specified = false;
3522   bool needs_hotspotrc_warning = false;
3523   ScopedVMInitArgs initial_vm_options_args("");
3524   ScopedVMInitArgs initial_java_tool_options_args("env_var='JAVA_TOOL_OPTIONS'");
3525   ScopedVMInitArgs initial_java_options_args("env_var='_JAVA_OPTIONS'");
3526 
3527   // Pointers to current working set of containers
3528   JavaVMInitArgs* cur_cmd_args;
3529   JavaVMInitArgs* cur_vm_options_args;
3530   JavaVMInitArgs* cur_java_options_args;
3531   JavaVMInitArgs* cur_java_tool_options_args;
3532 
3533   // Containers for modified/expanded options
3534   ScopedVMInitArgs mod_cmd_args("cmd_line_args");
3535   ScopedVMInitArgs mod_vm_options_args("vm_options_args");
3536   ScopedVMInitArgs mod_java_tool_options_args("env_var='JAVA_TOOL_OPTIONS'");
3537   ScopedVMInitArgs mod_java_options_args("env_var='_JAVA_OPTIONS'");
3538 
3539 
3540   jint code =
3541       parse_java_tool_options_environment_variable(&initial_java_tool_options_args);
3542   if (code != JNI_OK) {
3543     return code;
3544   }
3545 
3546   code = parse_java_options_environment_variable(&initial_java_options_args);
3547   if (code != JNI_OK) {
3548     return code;
3549   }
3550 
3551   // Parse the options in the /java.base/jdk/internal/vm/options resource, if present
3552   char *vmoptions = ClassLoader::lookup_vm_options();
3553   if (vmoptions != nullptr) {
3554     code = parse_options_buffer("vm options resource", vmoptions, strlen(vmoptions), &initial_vm_options_args);
3555     FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, vmoptions);
3556     if (code != JNI_OK) {
3557       return code;
3558     }
3559   }
3560 
3561   code = expand_vm_options_as_needed(initial_java_tool_options_args.get(),
3562                                      &mod_java_tool_options_args,
3563                                      &cur_java_tool_options_args);
3564   if (code != JNI_OK) {
3565     return code;
3566   }
3567 
3568   code = expand_vm_options_as_needed(initial_cmd_args,
3569                                      &mod_cmd_args,
3570                                      &cur_cmd_args);
3571   if (code != JNI_OK) {
3572     return code;
3573   }
3574 
3575   code = expand_vm_options_as_needed(initial_java_options_args.get(),
3576                                      &mod_java_options_args,
3577                                      &cur_java_options_args);
3578   if (code != JNI_OK) {
3579     return code;
3580   }
3581 
3582   code = expand_vm_options_as_needed(initial_vm_options_args.get(),
3583                                      &mod_vm_options_args,
3584                                      &cur_vm_options_args);
3585   if (code != JNI_OK) {
3586     return code;
3587   }
3588 
3589   const char* flags_file = Arguments::get_jvm_flags_file();
3590   settings_file_specified = (flags_file != nullptr);
3591 
3592   if (IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions) {
3593     cur_cmd_args->ignoreUnrecognized = true;
3594     cur_java_tool_options_args->ignoreUnrecognized = true;
3595     cur_java_options_args->ignoreUnrecognized = true;
3596   }
3597 
3598   // Parse specified settings file
3599   if (settings_file_specified) {
3600     if (!process_settings_file(flags_file, true,
3601                                cur_cmd_args->ignoreUnrecognized)) {
3602       return JNI_EINVAL;
3603     }
3604   } else {
3605 #ifdef ASSERT
3606     // Parse default .hotspotrc settings file
3607     if (!process_settings_file(".hotspotrc", false,
3608                                cur_cmd_args->ignoreUnrecognized)) {
3609       return JNI_EINVAL;
3610     }
3611 #else
3612     struct stat buf;
3613     if (os::stat(hotspotrc, &buf) == 0) {
3614       needs_hotspotrc_warning = true;
3615     }
3616 #endif
3617   }
3618 
3619   if (PrintVMOptions) {
3620     print_options(cur_java_tool_options_args);
3621     print_options(cur_cmd_args);
3622     print_options(cur_java_options_args);
3623   }
3624 
3625   // Parse JavaVMInitArgs structure passed in, as well as JAVA_TOOL_OPTIONS and _JAVA_OPTIONS
3626   jint result = parse_vm_init_args(cur_vm_options_args,
3627                                    cur_java_tool_options_args,
3628                                    cur_java_options_args,
3629                                    cur_cmd_args);
3630 
3631   if (result != JNI_OK) {
3632     return result;
3633   }
3634 
3635   // Delay warning until here so that we've had a chance to process
3636   // the -XX:-PrintWarnings flag
3637   if (needs_hotspotrc_warning) {
3638     warning("%s file is present but has been ignored.  "
3639             "Run with -XX:Flags=%s to load the file.",
3640             hotspotrc, hotspotrc);
3641   }
3642 
3643   if (needs_module_property_warning) {
3644     warning("Ignoring system property options whose names match the '-Djdk.module.*'."
3645             " names that are reserved for internal use.");
3646   }
3647 
3648 #if defined(_ALLBSD_SOURCE) || defined(AIX)  // UseLargePages is not yet supported on BSD and AIX.
3649   UNSUPPORTED_OPTION(UseLargePages);
3650 #endif
3651 
3652 #if defined(AIX)
3653   UNSUPPORTED_OPTION_NULL(AllocateHeapAt);
3654 #endif
3655 
3656 #ifndef PRODUCT
3657   if (TraceBytecodesAt != 0) {
3658     TraceBytecodes = true;
3659   }
3660 #endif // PRODUCT
3661 
3662   if (ScavengeRootsInCode == 0) {
3663     if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(ScavengeRootsInCode)) {
3664       warning("Forcing ScavengeRootsInCode non-zero");
3665     }
3666     ScavengeRootsInCode = 1;
3667   }
3668 
3669   if (!handle_deprecated_print_gc_flags()) {
3670     return JNI_EINVAL;
3671   }
3672 
3673   // Set object alignment values.
3674   set_object_alignment();
3675 
3676 #if !INCLUDE_CDS
3677   if (CDSConfig::is_dumping_static_archive() || RequireSharedSpaces) {
3678     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3679       "Shared spaces are not supported in this VM\n");
3680     return JNI_ERR;
3681   }
3682   if (DumpLoadedClassList != nullptr) {
3683     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3684       "DumpLoadedClassList is not supported in this VM\n");
3685     return JNI_ERR;
3686   }
3687   if ((CDSConfig::is_using_archive() && xshare_auto_cmd_line) ||
3688       log_is_enabled(Info, cds)) {
3689     warning("Shared spaces are not supported in this VM");
3690     UseSharedSpaces = false;
3691     LogConfiguration::configure_stdout(LogLevel::Off, true, LOG_TAGS(cds));
3692   }
3693   no_shared_spaces("CDS Disabled");
3694 #endif // INCLUDE_CDS
3695 
3696   // Verify NMT arguments
3697   const NMT_TrackingLevel lvl = NMTUtil::parse_tracking_level(NativeMemoryTracking);
3698   if (lvl == NMT_unknown) {
3699     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3700                 "Syntax error, expecting -XX:NativeMemoryTracking=[off|summary|detail]\n");
3701     return JNI_ERR;
3702   }
3703   if (PrintNMTStatistics && lvl == NMT_off) {
3704     warning("PrintNMTStatistics is disabled, because native memory tracking is not enabled");
3705     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(PrintNMTStatistics, false);
3706   }
3707 
3708   bool trace_dependencies = log_is_enabled(Debug, dependencies);
3709   if (trace_dependencies && VerifyDependencies) {
3710     warning("dependency logging results may be inflated by VerifyDependencies");
3711   }
3712 
3713   bool log_class_load_cause = log_is_enabled(Info, class, load, cause, native) ||
3714                               log_is_enabled(Info, class, load, cause);
3715   if (log_class_load_cause && LogClassLoadingCauseFor == nullptr) {
3716     warning("class load cause logging will not produce output without LogClassLoadingCauseFor");
3717   }
3718 
3719   apply_debugger_ergo();
3720 
3721   // The VMThread needs to stop now and then to execute these debug options.
3722   if ((HandshakeALot || SafepointALot) && FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(GuaranteedSafepointInterval)) {
3723     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(GuaranteedSafepointInterval, 1000);
3724   }
3725 
3726   if (log_is_enabled(Info, arguments)) {
3727     LogStream st(Log(arguments)::info());
3728     Arguments::print_on(&st);
3729   }
3730 
3731   return JNI_OK;
3732 }
3733 
3734 jint Arguments::apply_ergo() {
3735   // Set flags based on ergonomics.
3736   jint result = set_ergonomics_flags();
3737   if (result != JNI_OK) return result;
3738 
3739   // Set heap size based on available physical memory
3740   set_heap_size();
3741 
3742   GCConfig::arguments()->initialize();
3743 
3744   CDSConfig::initialize();
3745 
3746   // Initialize Metaspace flags and alignments
3747   Metaspace::ergo_initialize();
3748 
3749   if (!StringDedup::ergo_initialize()) {
3750     return JNI_EINVAL;
3751   }
3752 
3753   // Set compiler flags after GC is selected and GC specific
3754   // flags (LoopStripMiningIter) are set.
3755   CompilerConfig::ergo_initialize();
3756 
3757   // Set bytecode rewriting flags
3758   set_bytecode_flags();
3759 
3760   // Set flags if aggressive optimization flags are enabled
3761   jint code = set_aggressive_opts_flags();
3762   if (code != JNI_OK) {
3763     return code;
3764   }
3765 
3766   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseSecondarySupersTable)) {
3767     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseSecondarySupersTable, VM_Version::supports_secondary_supers_table());
3768   } else if (UseSecondarySupersTable && !VM_Version::supports_secondary_supers_table()) {
3769     warning("UseSecondarySupersTable is not supported");
3770     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseSecondarySupersTable, false);
3771   }
3772   if (!UseSecondarySupersTable) {
3773     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(StressSecondarySupers, false);
3774     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(VerifySecondarySupers, false);
3775   }
3776 
3777 #ifdef ZERO
3778   // Clear flags not supported on zero.
3779   FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(ProfileInterpreter, false);
3780 #endif // ZERO
3781 
3782   if (PrintAssembly && FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(DebugNonSafepoints)) {
3783     warning("PrintAssembly is enabled; turning on DebugNonSafepoints to gain additional output");
3784     DebugNonSafepoints = true;
3785   }
3786 
3787   if (FLAG_IS_CMDLINE(CompressedClassSpaceSize) && !UseCompressedClassPointers) {
3788     warning("Setting CompressedClassSpaceSize has no effect when compressed class pointers are not used");
3789   }
3790 
3791   // Treat the odd case where local verification is enabled but remote
3792   // verification is not as if both were enabled.
3793   if (BytecodeVerificationLocal && !BytecodeVerificationRemote) {
3794     log_info(verification)("Turning on remote verification because local verification is on");
3795     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(BytecodeVerificationRemote, true);
3796   }
3797   if (!EnableValhalla || (is_interpreter_only() && !CDSConfig::is_dumping_archive() && !UseSharedSpaces)) {
3798     // Disable calling convention optimizations if inline types are not supported.
3799     // Also these aren't useful in -Xint. However, don't disable them when dumping or using
3800     // the CDS archive, as the values must match between dumptime and runtime.
3801     InlineTypePassFieldsAsArgs = false;
3802     InlineTypeReturnedAsFields = false;
3803   }
3804 
3805 #ifndef PRODUCT
3806   if (!LogVMOutput && FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(LogVMOutput)) {
3807     if (use_vm_log()) {
3808       LogVMOutput = true;
3809     }
3810   }
3811 #endif // PRODUCT
3812 
3813   if (PrintCommandLineFlags) {
3814     JVMFlag::printSetFlags(tty);
3815   }
3816 
3817 #if COMPILER2_OR_JVMCI
3818   if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(EnableVectorSupport) && !EnableVectorSupport) {
3819     if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(EnableVectorReboxing) && EnableVectorReboxing) {
3820       warning("Disabling EnableVectorReboxing since EnableVectorSupport is turned off.");
3821     }
3822     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(EnableVectorReboxing, false);
3823 
3824     if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(EnableVectorAggressiveReboxing) && EnableVectorAggressiveReboxing) {
3825       if (!EnableVectorReboxing) {
3826         warning("Disabling EnableVectorAggressiveReboxing since EnableVectorReboxing is turned off.");
3827       } else {
3828         warning("Disabling EnableVectorAggressiveReboxing since EnableVectorSupport is turned off.");
3829       }
3830     }
3831     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(EnableVectorAggressiveReboxing, false);
3832 
3833     if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseVectorStubs) && UseVectorStubs) {
3834       warning("Disabling UseVectorStubs since EnableVectorSupport is turned off.");
3835     }
3836     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseVectorStubs, false);
3837   }
3838 #endif // COMPILER2_OR_JVMCI
3839 
3840   if (log_is_enabled(Info, perf, class, link)) {
3841     if (!UsePerfData) {
3842       warning("Disabling -Xlog:perf+class+link since UsePerfData is turned off.");
3843       LogConfiguration::configure_stdout(LogLevel::Off, false, LOG_TAGS(perf, class, link));
3844     }
3845   }
3846 
3847   if (FLAG_IS_CMDLINE(DiagnoseSyncOnValueBasedClasses)) {
3848     if (DiagnoseSyncOnValueBasedClasses == ObjectSynchronizer::LOG_WARNING && !log_is_enabled(Info, valuebasedclasses)) {
3849       LogConfiguration::configure_stdout(LogLevel::Info, true, LOG_TAGS(valuebasedclasses));
3850     }
3851   }
3852   return JNI_OK;
3853 }
3854 
3855 jint Arguments::adjust_after_os() {
3856   if (UseNUMA) {
3857     if (UseParallelGC) {
3858       if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MinHeapDeltaBytes)) {
3859          FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(MinHeapDeltaBytes, 64*M);
3860       }
3861     }
3862   }
3863   return JNI_OK;
3864 }
3865 
3866 int Arguments::PropertyList_count(SystemProperty* pl) {
3867   int count = 0;
3868   while(pl != nullptr) {
3869     count++;
3870     pl = pl->next();
3871   }
3872   return count;
3873 }
3874 
3875 // Return the number of readable properties.
3876 int Arguments::PropertyList_readable_count(SystemProperty* pl) {
3877   int count = 0;
3878   while(pl != nullptr) {
3879     if (pl->readable()) {
3880       count++;
3881     }
3882     pl = pl->next();
3883   }
3884   return count;
3885 }
3886 
3887 const char* Arguments::PropertyList_get_value(SystemProperty *pl, const char* key) {
3888   assert(key != nullptr, "just checking");
3889   SystemProperty* prop;
3890   for (prop = pl; prop != nullptr; prop = prop->next()) {
3891     if (strcmp(key, prop->key()) == 0) return prop->value();
3892   }
3893   return nullptr;
3894 }
3895 
3896 // Return the value of the requested property provided that it is a readable property.
3897 const char* Arguments::PropertyList_get_readable_value(SystemProperty *pl, const char* key) {
3898   assert(key != nullptr, "just checking");
3899   SystemProperty* prop;
3900   // Return the property value if the keys match and the property is not internal or
3901   // it's the special internal property "jdk.boot.class.path.append".
3902   for (prop = pl; prop != nullptr; prop = prop->next()) {
3903     if (strcmp(key, prop->key()) == 0) {
3904       if (!prop->internal()) {
3905         return prop->value();
3906       } else if (strcmp(key, "jdk.boot.class.path.append") == 0) {
3907         return prop->value();
3908       } else {
3909         // Property is internal and not jdk.boot.class.path.append so return null.
3910         return nullptr;
3911       }
3912     }
3913   }
3914   return nullptr;
3915 }
3916 
3917 void Arguments::PropertyList_add(SystemProperty** plist, SystemProperty *new_p) {
3918   SystemProperty* p = *plist;
3919   if (p == nullptr) {
3920     *plist = new_p;
3921   } else {
3922     while (p->next() != nullptr) {
3923       p = p->next();
3924     }
3925     p->set_next(new_p);
3926   }
3927 }
3928 
3929 void Arguments::PropertyList_add(SystemProperty** plist, const char* k, const char* v,
3930                                  bool writeable, bool internal) {
3931   if (plist == nullptr)
3932     return;
3933 
3934   SystemProperty* new_p = new SystemProperty(k, v, writeable, internal);
3935   PropertyList_add(plist, new_p);
3936 }
3937 
3938 void Arguments::PropertyList_add(SystemProperty *element) {
3939   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, element);
3940 }
3941 
3942 // This add maintains unique property key in the list.
3943 void Arguments::PropertyList_unique_add(SystemProperty** plist, const char* k, const char* v,
3944                                         PropertyAppendable append, PropertyWriteable writeable,
3945                                         PropertyInternal internal) {
3946   if (plist == nullptr)
3947     return;
3948 
3949   // If property key exists and is writeable, then update with new value.
3950   // Trying to update a non-writeable property is silently ignored.
3951   SystemProperty* prop;
3952   for (prop = *plist; prop != nullptr; prop = prop->next()) {
3953     if (strcmp(k, prop->key()) == 0) {
3954       if (append == AppendProperty) {
3955         prop->append_writeable_value(v);
3956       } else {
3957         prop->set_writeable_value(v);
3958       }
3959       return;
3960     }
3961   }
3962 
3963   PropertyList_add(plist, k, v, writeable == WriteableProperty, internal == InternalProperty);
3964 }
3965 
3966 // Copies src into buf, replacing "%%" with "%" and "%p" with pid
3967 // Returns true if all of the source pointed by src has been copied over to
3968 // the destination buffer pointed by buf. Otherwise, returns false.
3969 // Notes:
3970 // 1. If the length (buflen) of the destination buffer excluding the
3971 // null terminator character is not long enough for holding the expanded
3972 // pid characters, it also returns false instead of returning the partially
3973 // expanded one.
3974 // 2. The passed in "buflen" should be large enough to hold the null terminator.
3975 bool Arguments::copy_expand_pid(const char* src, size_t srclen,
3976                                 char* buf, size_t buflen) {
3977   const char* p = src;
3978   char* b = buf;
3979   const char* src_end = &src[srclen];
3980   char* buf_end = &buf[buflen - 1];
3981 
3982   while (p < src_end && b < buf_end) {
3983     if (*p == '%') {
3984       switch (*(++p)) {
3985       case '%':         // "%%" ==> "%"
3986         *b++ = *p++;
3987         break;
3988       case 'p':  {       //  "%p" ==> current process id
3989         // buf_end points to the character before the last character so
3990         // that we could write '\0' to the end of the buffer.
3991         size_t buf_sz = buf_end - b + 1;
3992         int ret = jio_snprintf(b, buf_sz, "%d", os::current_process_id());
3993 
3994         // if jio_snprintf fails or the buffer is not long enough to hold
3995         // the expanded pid, returns false.
3996         if (ret < 0 || ret >= (int)buf_sz) {
3997           return false;
3998         } else {
3999           b += ret;
4000           assert(*b == '\0', "fail in copy_expand_pid");
4001           if (p == src_end && b == buf_end + 1) {
4002             // reach the end of the buffer.
4003             return true;
4004           }
4005         }
4006         p++;
4007         break;
4008       }
4009       default :
4010         *b++ = '%';
4011       }
4012     } else {
4013       *b++ = *p++;
4014     }
4015   }
4016   *b = '\0';
4017   return (p == src_end); // return false if not all of the source was copied
4018 }