1 /*
   2  * Copyright (c) 2018, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
   3  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
   4  *
   5  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
   6  * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
   7  * published by the Free Software Foundation.
   8  *
   9  * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
  10  * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
  11  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
  12  * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
  13  * accompanied this code).
  14  *
  15  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
  16  * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
  17  * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
  18  *
  19  * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
  20  * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
  21  * questions.
  22  *
  23  */
  24 
  25 #include "classfile/javaClasses.inline.hpp"
  26 #include "classfile/vmSymbols.hpp"
  27 #include "code/codeCache.inline.hpp"
  28 #include "code/nmethod.inline.hpp"
  29 #include "code/vmreg.inline.hpp"
  30 #include "compiler/oopMap.inline.hpp"
  31 #include "cppstdlib/type_traits.hpp"
  32 #include "gc/shared/barrierSet.hpp"
  33 #include "gc/shared/continuationGCSupport.inline.hpp"
  34 #include "gc/shared/gc_globals.hpp"
  35 #include "gc/shared/memAllocator.hpp"
  36 #include "gc/shared/threadLocalAllocBuffer.inline.hpp"
  37 #include "interpreter/bytecodeStream.hpp"
  38 #include "interpreter/interpreter.hpp"
  39 #include "interpreter/interpreterRuntime.hpp"
  40 #include "jfr/jfrEvents.hpp"
  41 #include "logging/log.hpp"
  42 #include "logging/logStream.hpp"
  43 #include "oops/access.inline.hpp"
  44 #include "oops/constantPool.inline.hpp"
  45 #include "oops/method.inline.hpp"
  46 #include "oops/objArrayOop.inline.hpp"
  47 #include "oops/oopsHierarchy.hpp"
  48 #include "oops/stackChunkOop.inline.hpp"
  49 #include "prims/jvmtiThreadState.hpp"
  50 #include "runtime/arguments.hpp"
  51 #include "runtime/continuation.hpp"
  52 #include "runtime/continuationEntry.inline.hpp"
  53 #include "runtime/continuationHelper.inline.hpp"
  54 #include "runtime/continuationJavaClasses.inline.hpp"
  55 #include "runtime/continuationWrapper.inline.hpp"
  56 #include "runtime/frame.inline.hpp"
  57 #include "runtime/interfaceSupport.inline.hpp"
  58 #include "runtime/javaThread.inline.hpp"
  59 #include "runtime/jniHandles.inline.hpp"
  60 #include "runtime/keepStackGCProcessed.hpp"
  61 #include "runtime/mountUnmountDisabler.hpp"
  62 #include "runtime/objectMonitor.inline.hpp"
  63 #include "runtime/orderAccess.hpp"
  64 #include "runtime/prefetch.inline.hpp"
  65 #include "runtime/sharedRuntime.hpp"
  66 #include "runtime/smallRegisterMap.inline.hpp"
  67 #include "runtime/stackChunkFrameStream.inline.hpp"
  68 #include "runtime/stackFrameStream.inline.hpp"
  69 #include "runtime/stackOverflow.hpp"
  70 #include "runtime/stackWatermarkSet.inline.hpp"
  71 #include "runtime/vframe.inline.hpp"
  72 #include "runtime/vframe_hp.hpp"
  73 #include "utilities/debug.hpp"
  74 #include "utilities/exceptions.hpp"
  75 #include "utilities/macros.hpp"
  76 #include "utilities/vmError.hpp"
  77 #if INCLUDE_ZGC
  78 #include "gc/z/zStackChunkGCData.inline.hpp"
  79 #endif
  80 #if INCLUDE_JFR
  81 #include "jfr/jfr.inline.hpp"
  82 #endif
  83 #ifdef COMPILER1
  84 #include "c1/c1_Runtime1.hpp"
  85 #endif
  86 #ifdef COMPILER2
  87 #include "opto/runtime.hpp"
  88 #endif
  89 
  90 /*
  91  * This file contains the implementation of continuation freezing (yield) and thawing (run).
  92  *
  93  * This code is very latency-critical and very hot. An ordinary and well-behaved server application
  94  * would likely call these operations many thousands of times per second second, on every core.
  95  *
  96  * Freeze might be called every time the application performs any I/O operation, every time it
  97  * acquires a j.u.c. lock, every time it takes a message from a queue, and thaw can be called
  98  * multiple times in each of those cases, as it is called by the return barrier, which may be
  99  * invoked on method return.
 100  *
 101  * The amortized budget for each of those two operations is ~100-150ns. That is why, for
 102  * example, every effort is made to avoid Java-VM transitions as much as possible.
 103  *
 104  * On the fast path, all frames are known to be compiled, and the chunk requires no barriers
 105  * and so frames simply copied, and the bottom-most one is patched.
 106  * On the slow path, internal pointers in interpreted frames are de/relativized to/from offsets
 107  * and absolute pointers, and barriers invoked.
 108  */
 109 
 110 /************************************************
 111 
 112 Thread-stack layout on freeze/thaw.
 113 See corresponding stack-chunk layout in instanceStackChunkKlass.hpp
 114 
 115             +----------------------------+
 116             |      .                     |
 117             |      .                     |
 118             |      .                     |
 119             |   carrier frames           |
 120             |                            |
 121             |----------------------------|
 122             |                            |
 123             |    Continuation.run        |
 124             |                            |
 125             |============================|
 126             |    enterSpecial frame      |
 127             |  pc                        |
 128             |  rbp                       |
 129             |  -----                     |
 130         ^   |  int argsize               | = ContinuationEntry
 131         |   |  oopDesc* cont             |
 132         |   |  oopDesc* chunk            |
 133         |   |  ContinuationEntry* parent |
 134         |   |  ...                       |
 135         |   |============================| <------ JavaThread::_cont_entry = entry->sp()
 136         |   |  ? alignment word ?        |
 137         |   |----------------------------| <--\
 138         |   |                            |    |
 139         |   |  ? caller stack args ?     |    |   argsize (might not be 2-word aligned) words
 140 Address |   |                            |    |   Caller is still in the chunk.
 141         |   |----------------------------|    |
 142         |   |  pc (? return barrier ?)   |    |  This pc contains the return barrier when the bottom-most frame
 143         |   |  rbp                       |    |  isn't the last one in the continuation.
 144         |   |                            |    |
 145         |   |    frame                   |    |
 146         |   |                            |    |
 147             +----------------------------|     \__ Continuation frames to be frozen/thawed
 148             |                            |     /
 149             |    frame                   |    |
 150             |                            |    |
 151             |----------------------------|    |
 152             |                            |    |
 153             |    frame                   |    |
 154             |                            |    |
 155             |----------------------------| <--/
 156             |                            |
 157             |    doYield/safepoint stub  | When preempting forcefully, we could have a safepoint stub
 158             |                            | instead of a doYield stub
 159             |============================| <- the sp passed to freeze
 160             |                            |
 161             |  Native freeze/thaw frames |
 162             |      .                     |
 163             |      .                     |
 164             |      .                     |
 165             +----------------------------+
 166 
 167 ************************************************/
 168 
 169 static const bool TEST_THAW_ONE_CHUNK_FRAME = false; // force thawing frames one-at-a-time for testing
 170 
 171 #define CONT_JFR false // emit low-level JFR events that count slow/fast path for continuation performance debugging only
 172 #if CONT_JFR
 173   #define CONT_JFR_ONLY(code) code
 174 #else
 175   #define CONT_JFR_ONLY(code)
 176 #endif
 177 
 178 // TODO: See AbstractAssembler::generate_stack_overflow_check,
 179 // Compile::bang_size_in_bytes(), m->as_SafePoint()->jvms()->interpreter_frame_size()
 180 // when we stack-bang, we need to update a thread field with the lowest (farthest) bang point.
 181 
 182 // Data invariants are defined by Continuation::debug_verify_continuation and Continuation::debug_verify_stack_chunk
 183 
 184 // Used to just annotatate cold/hot branches
 185 #define LIKELY(condition)   (condition)
 186 #define UNLIKELY(condition) (condition)
 187 
 188 // debugging functions
 189 #ifdef ASSERT
 190 extern "C" bool dbg_is_safe(const void* p, intptr_t errvalue); // address p is readable and *(intptr_t*)p != errvalue
 191 
 192 static void verify_continuation(oop continuation) { Continuation::debug_verify_continuation(continuation); }
 193 
 194 static void do_deopt_after_thaw(JavaThread* thread);
 195 static bool do_verify_after_thaw(JavaThread* thread, stackChunkOop chunk, outputStream* st);
 196 static void log_frames(JavaThread* thread);
 197 static void log_frames_after_thaw(JavaThread* thread, ContinuationWrapper& cont, intptr_t* sp);
 198 static void print_frame_layout(const frame& f, bool callee_complete, outputStream* st = tty);
 199 static void verify_frame_kind(frame& top, Continuation::preempt_kind preempt_kind, Method** m_ptr = nullptr, const char** code_name_ptr = nullptr, int* bci_ptr = nullptr, stackChunkOop chunk = nullptr);
 200 
 201 #define assert_pfl(p, ...) \
 202 do {                                           \
 203   if (!(p)) {                                  \
 204     JavaThread* t = JavaThread::active();      \
 205     if (t->has_last_Java_frame()) {            \
 206       tty->print_cr("assert(" #p ") failed:"); \
 207       t->print_frame_layout();                 \
 208     }                                          \
 209   }                                            \
 210   vmassert(p, __VA_ARGS__);                    \
 211 } while(0)
 212 
 213 #else
 214 static void verify_continuation(oop continuation) { }
 215 #define assert_pfl(p, ...)
 216 #endif
 217 
 218 static freeze_result is_pinned0(JavaThread* thread, oop cont_scope, bool safepoint);
 219 template<typename ConfigT, bool preempt> static inline freeze_result freeze_internal(JavaThread* current, intptr_t* const sp);
 220 
 221 static inline int prepare_thaw_internal(JavaThread* thread, bool return_barrier);
 222 template<typename ConfigT> static inline intptr_t* thaw_internal(JavaThread* thread, const Continuation::thaw_kind kind);
 223 
 224 
 225 // Entry point to freeze. Transitions are handled manually
 226 // Called from gen_continuation_yield() in sharedRuntime_<cpu>.cpp through Continuation::freeze_entry();
 227 template<typename ConfigT>
 228 static JRT_BLOCK_ENTRY(int, freeze(JavaThread* current, intptr_t* sp))
 229   assert(sp == current->frame_anchor()->last_Java_sp(), "");
 230 
 231   if (current->raw_cont_fastpath() > current->last_continuation()->entry_sp() || current->raw_cont_fastpath() < sp) {
 232     current->set_cont_fastpath(nullptr);
 233   }
 234 
 235   return checked_cast<int>(ConfigT::freeze(current, sp));
 236 JRT_END
 237 
 238 JRT_LEAF(int, Continuation::prepare_thaw(JavaThread* thread, bool return_barrier))
 239   return prepare_thaw_internal(thread, return_barrier);
 240 JRT_END
 241 
 242 template<typename ConfigT>
 243 static JRT_LEAF(intptr_t*, thaw(JavaThread* thread, int kind))
 244   // TODO: JRT_LEAF and NoHandleMark is problematic for JFR events.
 245   // vFrameStreamCommon allocates Handles in RegisterMap for continuations.
 246   // Also the preemption case with JVMTI events enabled might safepoint so
 247   // undo the NoSafepointVerifier here and rely on handling by ContinuationWrapper.
 248   // JRT_ENTRY instead?
 249   ResetNoHandleMark rnhm;
 250   DEBUG_ONLY(PauseNoSafepointVerifier pnsv(&__nsv);)
 251 
 252   // we might modify the code cache via BarrierSetNMethod::nmethod_entry_barrier
 253   MACOS_AARCH64_ONLY(ThreadWXEnable __wx(WXWrite, thread));
 254   return ConfigT::thaw(thread, (Continuation::thaw_kind)kind);
 255 JRT_END
 256 
 257 JVM_ENTRY(jint, CONT_isPinned0(JNIEnv* env, jobject cont_scope)) {
 258   JavaThread* thread = JavaThread::thread_from_jni_environment(env);
 259   return is_pinned0(thread, JNIHandles::resolve(cont_scope), false);
 260 }
 261 JVM_END
 262 
 263 ///////////
 264 
 265 enum class oop_kind { NARROW, WIDE };
 266 template <oop_kind oops, typename BarrierSetT>
 267 class Config {
 268 public:
 269   typedef Config<oops, BarrierSetT> SelfT;
 270   using OopT = std::conditional_t<oops == oop_kind::NARROW, narrowOop, oop>;
 271 
 272   static freeze_result freeze(JavaThread* thread, intptr_t* const sp) {
 273     freeze_result res = freeze_internal<SelfT, false>(thread, sp);
 274     JFR_ONLY(assert((res == freeze_ok) || (res == thread->last_freeze_fail_result()), "freeze failure not set"));
 275     return res;
 276   }
 277 
 278   static freeze_result freeze_preempt(JavaThread* thread, intptr_t* const sp) {
 279     return freeze_internal<SelfT, true>(thread, sp);
 280   }
 281 
 282   static intptr_t* thaw(JavaThread* thread, Continuation::thaw_kind kind) {
 283     return thaw_internal<SelfT>(thread, kind);
 284   }
 285 };
 286 
 287 #ifdef _WINDOWS
 288 static void map_stack_pages(JavaThread* thread, size_t size, address sp) {
 289   address new_sp = sp - size;
 290   address watermark = thread->stack_overflow_state()->shadow_zone_growth_watermark();
 291 
 292   if (new_sp < watermark) {
 293     size_t page_size = os::vm_page_size();
 294     address last_touched_page = watermark - StackOverflow::stack_shadow_zone_size();
 295     size_t pages_to_touch = align_up(watermark - new_sp, page_size) / page_size;
 296     while (pages_to_touch-- > 0) {
 297       last_touched_page -= page_size;
 298       *last_touched_page = 0;
 299     }
 300     thread->stack_overflow_state()->set_shadow_zone_growth_watermark(new_sp);
 301   }
 302 }
 303 #endif
 304 
 305 static bool stack_overflow_check(JavaThread* thread, size_t size, address sp) {
 306   const size_t page_size = os::vm_page_size();
 307   if (size > page_size) {
 308     if (sp - size < thread->stack_overflow_state()->shadow_zone_safe_limit()) {
 309       return false;
 310     }
 311     WINDOWS_ONLY(map_stack_pages(thread, size, sp));
 312   }
 313   return true;
 314 }
 315 
 316 #ifdef ASSERT
 317 static oop get_continuation(JavaThread* thread) {
 318   assert(thread != nullptr, "");
 319   assert(thread->threadObj() != nullptr, "");
 320   return java_lang_Thread::continuation(thread->threadObj());
 321 }
 322 #endif // ASSERT
 323 
 324 inline void clear_anchor(JavaThread* thread) {
 325   thread->frame_anchor()->clear();
 326 }
 327 
 328 static void set_anchor(JavaThread* thread, intptr_t* sp, address pc) {
 329   assert(pc != nullptr, "");
 330 
 331   JavaFrameAnchor* anchor = thread->frame_anchor();
 332   anchor->set_last_Java_sp(sp);
 333   anchor->set_last_Java_pc(pc);
 334   ContinuationHelper::set_anchor_pd(anchor, sp);
 335 
 336   assert(thread->has_last_Java_frame(), "");
 337   assert(thread->last_frame().cb() != nullptr, "");
 338 }
 339 
 340 static void set_anchor(JavaThread* thread, intptr_t* sp) {
 341   address pc = ContinuationHelper::return_address_at(
 342            sp - frame::sender_sp_ret_address_offset());
 343   set_anchor(thread, sp, pc);
 344 }
 345 
 346 static void set_anchor_to_entry(JavaThread* thread, ContinuationEntry* entry) {
 347   JavaFrameAnchor* anchor = thread->frame_anchor();
 348   anchor->set_last_Java_sp(entry->entry_sp());
 349   anchor->set_last_Java_pc(entry->entry_pc());
 350   ContinuationHelper::set_anchor_to_entry_pd(anchor, entry);
 351 
 352   assert(thread->has_last_Java_frame(), "");
 353   assert(thread->last_frame().cb() != nullptr, "");
 354 }
 355 
 356 #if CONT_JFR
 357 class FreezeThawJfrInfo : public StackObj {
 358   short _e_size;
 359   short _e_num_interpreted_frames;
 360  public:
 361 
 362   FreezeThawJfrInfo() : _e_size(0), _e_num_interpreted_frames(0) {}
 363   inline void record_interpreted_frame() { _e_num_interpreted_frames++; }
 364   inline void record_size_copied(int size) { _e_size += size << LogBytesPerWord; }
 365   template<typename Event> void post_jfr_event(Event *e, oop continuation, JavaThread* jt);
 366 };
 367 
 368 template<typename Event> void FreezeThawJfrInfo::post_jfr_event(Event* e, oop continuation, JavaThread* jt) {
 369   if (e->should_commit()) {
 370     log_develop_trace(continuations)("JFR event: iframes: %d size: %d", _e_num_interpreted_frames, _e_size);
 371     e->set_carrierThread(JFR_JVM_THREAD_ID(jt));
 372     e->set_continuationClass(continuation->klass());
 373     e->set_interpretedFrames(_e_num_interpreted_frames);
 374     e->set_size(_e_size);
 375     e->commit();
 376   }
 377 }
 378 #endif // CONT_JFR
 379 
 380 /////////////// FREEZE ////
 381 
 382 class FreezeBase : public StackObj {
 383 protected:
 384   JavaThread* const _thread;
 385   ContinuationWrapper& _cont;
 386   bool _barriers; // only set when we allocate a chunk
 387 
 388   intptr_t* _bottom_address;
 389 
 390   // Used for preemption only
 391   const bool _preempt;
 392   frame _last_frame;
 393 
 394   // Used to support freezing with held monitors
 395   int _monitors_in_lockstack;
 396 
 397   int _freeze_size; // total size of all frames plus metadata in words.
 398   int _total_align_size;
 399 
 400   intptr_t* _cont_stack_top;
 401   intptr_t* _cont_stack_bottom;
 402 
 403   CONT_JFR_ONLY(FreezeThawJfrInfo _jfr_info;)
 404 
 405 #ifdef ASSERT
 406   intptr_t* _orig_chunk_sp;
 407   int _fast_freeze_size;
 408   bool _empty;
 409 #endif
 410 
 411   JvmtiSampledObjectAllocEventCollector* _jvmti_event_collector;
 412 
 413   NOT_PRODUCT(int _frames;)
 414   DEBUG_ONLY(intptr_t* _last_write;)
 415 
 416   inline FreezeBase(JavaThread* thread, ContinuationWrapper& cont, intptr_t* sp, bool preempt);
 417 
 418 public:
 419   NOINLINE freeze_result freeze_slow();
 420   void freeze_fast_existing_chunk();
 421 
 422   CONT_JFR_ONLY(FreezeThawJfrInfo& jfr_info() { return _jfr_info; })
 423   void set_jvmti_event_collector(JvmtiSampledObjectAllocEventCollector* jsoaec) { _jvmti_event_collector = jsoaec; }
 424 
 425   inline int size_if_fast_freeze_available();
 426 
 427   inline frame& last_frame() { return _last_frame; }
 428 
 429 #ifdef ASSERT
 430   bool check_valid_fast_path();
 431 #endif
 432 
 433 protected:
 434   inline void init_rest();
 435   void throw_stack_overflow_on_humongous_chunk();
 436 
 437   // fast path
 438   inline void copy_to_chunk(intptr_t* from, intptr_t* to, int size);
 439   inline void unwind_frames();
 440   inline void patch_stack_pd(intptr_t* frame_sp, intptr_t* heap_sp);
 441 
 442   // slow path
 443   virtual stackChunkOop allocate_chunk_slow(size_t stack_size, int argsize_md) = 0;
 444 
 445   int cont_size() { return pointer_delta_as_int(_cont_stack_bottom, _cont_stack_top); }
 446 
 447 private:
 448   // slow path
 449   frame freeze_start_frame();
 450   frame freeze_start_frame_on_preempt();
 451   NOINLINE freeze_result recurse_freeze(frame& f, frame& caller, int callee_argsize, bool callee_interpreted, bool top);
 452   inline frame freeze_start_frame_yield_stub();
 453   template<typename FKind>
 454   inline freeze_result recurse_freeze_java_frame(const frame& f, frame& caller, int fsize, int argsize);
 455   inline void before_freeze_java_frame(const frame& f, const frame& caller, int fsize, int argsize, bool is_bottom_frame);
 456   inline void after_freeze_java_frame(const frame& hf, bool is_bottom_frame);
 457   freeze_result finalize_freeze(const frame& callee, frame& caller, int argsize);
 458   void patch(const frame& f, frame& hf, const frame& caller, bool is_bottom_frame);
 459   NOINLINE freeze_result recurse_freeze_interpreted_frame(frame& f, frame& caller, int callee_argsize, bool callee_interpreted);
 460   freeze_result recurse_freeze_compiled_frame(frame& f, frame& caller, int callee_argsize, bool callee_interpreted);
 461   NOINLINE freeze_result recurse_freeze_stub_frame(frame& f, frame& caller);
 462   NOINLINE freeze_result recurse_freeze_native_frame(frame& f, frame& caller);
 463   NOINLINE void finish_freeze(const frame& f, const frame& top);
 464 
 465   void freeze_lockstack(stackChunkOop chunk);
 466 
 467   inline bool stack_overflow();
 468 
 469   static frame sender(const frame& f) { return f.is_interpreted_frame() ? sender<ContinuationHelper::InterpretedFrame>(f)
 470                                                                         : sender<ContinuationHelper::NonInterpretedUnknownFrame>(f); }
 471   template<typename FKind> static inline frame sender(const frame& f);
 472   template<typename FKind> frame new_heap_frame(frame& f, frame& caller);
 473   inline void set_top_frame_metadata_pd(const frame& hf);
 474   inline void patch_pd(frame& callee, const frame& caller);
 475   inline void patch_pd_unused(intptr_t* sp);
 476   void adjust_interpreted_frame_unextended_sp(frame& f);
 477   inline void prepare_freeze_interpreted_top_frame(frame& f);
 478   static inline void relativize_interpreted_frame_metadata(const frame& f, const frame& hf);
 479 
 480 protected:
 481   void freeze_fast_copy(stackChunkOop chunk, int chunk_start_sp CONT_JFR_ONLY(COMMA bool chunk_is_allocated));
 482   bool freeze_fast_new_chunk(stackChunkOop chunk);
 483 };
 484 
 485 template <typename ConfigT>
 486 class Freeze : public FreezeBase {
 487 private:
 488   stackChunkOop allocate_chunk(size_t stack_size, int argsize_md);
 489 
 490 public:
 491   inline Freeze(JavaThread* thread, ContinuationWrapper& cont, intptr_t* frame_sp, bool preempt)
 492     : FreezeBase(thread, cont, frame_sp, preempt) {}
 493 
 494   freeze_result try_freeze_fast();
 495 
 496 protected:
 497   virtual stackChunkOop allocate_chunk_slow(size_t stack_size, int argsize_md) override { return allocate_chunk(stack_size, argsize_md); }
 498 };
 499 
 500 FreezeBase::FreezeBase(JavaThread* thread, ContinuationWrapper& cont, intptr_t* frame_sp, bool preempt) :
 501     _thread(thread), _cont(cont), _barriers(false), _preempt(preempt), _last_frame(false /* no initialization */) {
 502   DEBUG_ONLY(_jvmti_event_collector = nullptr;)
 503 
 504   assert(_thread != nullptr, "");
 505   assert(_thread->last_continuation()->entry_sp() == _cont.entrySP(), "");
 506 
 507   DEBUG_ONLY(_cont.entry()->verify_cookie();)
 508 
 509   assert(!Interpreter::contains(_cont.entryPC()), "");
 510 
 511   _bottom_address = _cont.entrySP() - _cont.entry_frame_extension();
 512 #ifdef _LP64
 513   if (((intptr_t)_bottom_address & 0xf) != 0) {
 514     _bottom_address--;
 515   }
 516   assert(is_aligned(_bottom_address, frame::frame_alignment), "");
 517 #endif
 518 
 519   log_develop_trace(continuations)("bottom_address: " INTPTR_FORMAT " entrySP: " INTPTR_FORMAT " argsize: " PTR_FORMAT,
 520                 p2i(_bottom_address), p2i(_cont.entrySP()), (_cont.entrySP() - _bottom_address) << LogBytesPerWord);
 521   assert(_bottom_address != nullptr, "");
 522   assert(_bottom_address <= _cont.entrySP(), "");
 523   DEBUG_ONLY(_last_write = nullptr;)
 524 
 525   assert(_cont.chunk_invariant(), "");
 526   assert(!Interpreter::contains(_cont.entryPC()), "");
 527 #if !defined(PPC64) || defined(ZERO)
 528   static const int doYield_stub_frame_size = frame::metadata_words;
 529 #else
 530   static const int doYield_stub_frame_size = frame::native_abi_reg_args_size >> LogBytesPerWord;
 531 #endif
 532   // With preemption doYield() might not have been resolved yet
 533   assert(_preempt || SharedRuntime::cont_doYield_stub()->frame_size() == doYield_stub_frame_size, "");
 534 
 535   if (preempt) {
 536     _last_frame = _thread->last_frame();
 537   }
 538 
 539   // properties of the continuation on the stack; all sizes are in words
 540   _cont_stack_top    = frame_sp + (!preempt ? doYield_stub_frame_size : 0); // we don't freeze the doYield stub frame
 541   _cont_stack_bottom = _cont.entrySP() + (_cont.argsize() == 0 ? frame::metadata_words_at_top : 0)
 542       - ContinuationHelper::frame_align_words(_cont.argsize()); // see alignment in thaw
 543 
 544   log_develop_trace(continuations)("freeze size: %d argsize: %d top: " INTPTR_FORMAT " bottom: " INTPTR_FORMAT,
 545     cont_size(), _cont.argsize(), p2i(_cont_stack_top), p2i(_cont_stack_bottom));
 546   assert(cont_size() > 0, "");
 547 
 548   _monitors_in_lockstack = _thread->lock_stack().monitor_count();
 549 }
 550 
 551 void FreezeBase::init_rest() { // we want to postpone some initialization after chunk handling
 552   _freeze_size = 0;
 553   _total_align_size = 0;
 554   NOT_PRODUCT(_frames = 0;)
 555 }
 556 
 557 void FreezeBase::freeze_lockstack(stackChunkOop chunk) {
 558   assert(chunk->sp_address() - chunk->start_address() >= _monitors_in_lockstack, "no room for lockstack");
 559 
 560   _thread->lock_stack().move_to_address((oop*)chunk->start_address());
 561   chunk->set_lockstack_size(checked_cast<uint8_t>(_monitors_in_lockstack));
 562   chunk->set_has_lockstack(true);
 563 }
 564 
 565 void FreezeBase::copy_to_chunk(intptr_t* from, intptr_t* to, int size) {
 566   stackChunkOop chunk = _cont.tail();
 567   chunk->copy_from_stack_to_chunk(from, to, size);
 568   CONT_JFR_ONLY(_jfr_info.record_size_copied(size);)
 569 
 570 #ifdef ASSERT
 571   if (_last_write != nullptr) {
 572     assert(_last_write == to + size, "Missed a spot: _last_write: " INTPTR_FORMAT " to+size: " INTPTR_FORMAT
 573         " stack_size: %d _last_write offset: " PTR_FORMAT " to+size: " PTR_FORMAT, p2i(_last_write), p2i(to+size),
 574         chunk->stack_size(), _last_write-chunk->start_address(), to+size-chunk->start_address());
 575     _last_write = to;
 576   }
 577 #endif
 578 }
 579 
 580 static void assert_frames_in_continuation_are_safe(JavaThread* thread) {
 581 #ifdef ASSERT
 582   StackWatermark* watermark = StackWatermarkSet::get(thread, StackWatermarkKind::gc);
 583   if (watermark == nullptr) {
 584     return;
 585   }
 586   ContinuationEntry* ce = thread->last_continuation();
 587   RegisterMap map(thread,
 588                   RegisterMap::UpdateMap::include,
 589                   RegisterMap::ProcessFrames::skip,
 590                   RegisterMap::WalkContinuation::skip);
 591   map.set_include_argument_oops(false);
 592   for (frame f = thread->last_frame(); Continuation::is_frame_in_continuation(ce, f); f = f.sender(&map)) {
 593     watermark->assert_is_frame_safe(f);
 594   }
 595 #endif // ASSERT
 596 }
 597 
 598 // Called _after_ the last possible safepoint during the freeze operation (chunk allocation)
 599 void FreezeBase::unwind_frames() {
 600   ContinuationEntry* entry = _cont.entry();
 601   entry->flush_stack_processing(_thread);
 602   assert_frames_in_continuation_are_safe(_thread);
 603   JFR_ONLY(Jfr::check_and_process_sample_request(_thread);)
 604   set_anchor_to_entry(_thread, entry);
 605 }
 606 
 607 template <typename ConfigT>
 608 freeze_result Freeze<ConfigT>::try_freeze_fast() {
 609   assert(_thread->thread_state() == _thread_in_vm, "");
 610   assert(_thread->cont_fastpath(), "");
 611 
 612   DEBUG_ONLY(_fast_freeze_size = size_if_fast_freeze_available();)
 613   assert(_fast_freeze_size == 0, "");
 614 
 615   stackChunkOop chunk = allocate_chunk(cont_size() + frame::metadata_words + _monitors_in_lockstack, _cont.argsize() + frame::metadata_words_at_top);
 616   if (freeze_fast_new_chunk(chunk)) {
 617     return freeze_ok;
 618   }
 619   if (_thread->has_pending_exception()) {
 620     return freeze_exception;
 621   }
 622 
 623   // TODO R REMOVE when deopt change is fixed
 624   assert(!_thread->cont_fastpath() || _barriers, "");
 625   log_develop_trace(continuations)("-- RETRYING SLOW --");
 626   return freeze_slow();
 627 }
 628 
 629 // Returns size needed if the continuation fits, otherwise 0.
 630 int FreezeBase::size_if_fast_freeze_available() {
 631   stackChunkOop chunk = _cont.tail();
 632   if (chunk == nullptr || chunk->is_gc_mode() || chunk->requires_barriers() || chunk->has_mixed_frames()) {
 633     log_develop_trace(continuations)("chunk available %s", chunk == nullptr ? "no chunk" : "chunk requires barriers");
 634     return 0;
 635   }
 636 
 637   int total_size_needed = cont_size();
 638   const int chunk_sp = chunk->sp();
 639 
 640   // argsize can be nonzero if we have a caller, but the caller could be in a non-empty parent chunk,
 641   // so we subtract it only if we overlap with the caller, i.e. the current chunk isn't empty.
 642   // Consider leaving the chunk's argsize set when emptying it and removing the following branch,
 643   // although that would require changing stackChunkOopDesc::is_empty
 644   if (!chunk->is_empty()) {
 645     total_size_needed -= _cont.argsize() + frame::metadata_words_at_top;
 646   }
 647 
 648   total_size_needed += _monitors_in_lockstack;
 649 
 650   int chunk_free_room = chunk_sp - frame::metadata_words_at_bottom;
 651   bool available = chunk_free_room >= total_size_needed;
 652   log_develop_trace(continuations)("chunk available: %s size: %d argsize: %d top: " INTPTR_FORMAT " bottom: " INTPTR_FORMAT,
 653     available ? "yes" : "no" , total_size_needed, _cont.argsize(), p2i(_cont_stack_top), p2i(_cont_stack_bottom));
 654   return available ? total_size_needed : 0;
 655 }
 656 
 657 void FreezeBase::freeze_fast_existing_chunk() {
 658   stackChunkOop chunk = _cont.tail();
 659 
 660   DEBUG_ONLY(_fast_freeze_size = size_if_fast_freeze_available();)
 661   assert(_fast_freeze_size > 0, "");
 662 
 663   if (!chunk->is_empty()) { // we are copying into a non-empty chunk
 664     DEBUG_ONLY(_empty = false;)
 665     DEBUG_ONLY(_orig_chunk_sp = chunk->sp_address();)
 666 #ifdef ASSERT
 667     {
 668       intptr_t* retaddr_slot = (chunk->sp_address()
 669                                 - frame::sender_sp_ret_address_offset());
 670       assert(ContinuationHelper::return_address_at(retaddr_slot) == chunk->pc(),
 671              "unexpected saved return address");
 672     }
 673 #endif
 674 
 675     // the chunk's sp before the freeze, adjusted to point beyond the stack-passed arguments in the topmost frame
 676     // we overlap; we'll overwrite the chunk's top frame's callee arguments
 677     const int chunk_start_sp = chunk->sp() + _cont.argsize() + frame::metadata_words_at_top;
 678     assert(chunk_start_sp <= chunk->stack_size(), "sp not pointing into stack");
 679 
 680     // increase max_size by what we're freezing minus the overlap
 681     chunk->set_max_thawing_size(chunk->max_thawing_size() + cont_size() - _cont.argsize() - frame::metadata_words_at_top);
 682 
 683     intptr_t* const bottom_sp = _cont_stack_bottom - _cont.argsize() - frame::metadata_words_at_top;
 684     assert(bottom_sp == _bottom_address, "");
 685     // Because the chunk isn't empty, we know there's a caller in the chunk, therefore the bottom-most frame
 686     // should have a return barrier (installed back when we thawed it).
 687 #ifdef ASSERT
 688     {
 689       intptr_t* retaddr_slot = (bottom_sp
 690                                 - frame::sender_sp_ret_address_offset());
 691       assert(ContinuationHelper::return_address_at(retaddr_slot)
 692              == StubRoutines::cont_returnBarrier(),
 693              "should be the continuation return barrier");
 694     }
 695 #endif
 696     // We copy the fp from the chunk back to the stack because it contains some caller data,
 697     // including, possibly, an oop that might have gone stale since we thawed.
 698     patch_stack_pd(bottom_sp, chunk->sp_address());
 699     // we don't patch the return pc at this time, so as not to make the stack unwalkable for async walks
 700 
 701     freeze_fast_copy(chunk, chunk_start_sp CONT_JFR_ONLY(COMMA false));
 702   } else { // the chunk is empty
 703     const int chunk_start_sp = chunk->stack_size();
 704 
 705     DEBUG_ONLY(_empty = true;)
 706     DEBUG_ONLY(_orig_chunk_sp = chunk->start_address() + chunk_start_sp;)
 707 
 708     chunk->set_max_thawing_size(cont_size());
 709     chunk->set_bottom(chunk_start_sp - _cont.argsize() - frame::metadata_words_at_top);
 710     chunk->set_sp(chunk->bottom());
 711 
 712     freeze_fast_copy(chunk, chunk_start_sp CONT_JFR_ONLY(COMMA false));
 713   }
 714 }
 715 
 716 bool FreezeBase::freeze_fast_new_chunk(stackChunkOop chunk) {
 717   DEBUG_ONLY(_empty = true;)
 718 
 719   // Install new chunk
 720   _cont.set_tail(chunk);
 721 
 722   if (UNLIKELY(chunk == nullptr || !_thread->cont_fastpath() || _barriers)) { // OOME/probably humongous
 723     log_develop_trace(continuations)("Retrying slow. Barriers: %d", _barriers);
 724     return false;
 725   }
 726 
 727   chunk->set_max_thawing_size(cont_size());
 728 
 729   // in a fresh chunk, we freeze *with* the bottom-most frame's stack arguments.
 730   // They'll then be stored twice: in the chunk and in the parent chunk's top frame
 731   const int chunk_start_sp = cont_size() + frame::metadata_words + _monitors_in_lockstack;
 732   assert(chunk_start_sp == chunk->stack_size(), "");
 733 
 734   DEBUG_ONLY(_orig_chunk_sp = chunk->start_address() + chunk_start_sp;)
 735 
 736   freeze_fast_copy(chunk, chunk_start_sp CONT_JFR_ONLY(COMMA true));
 737 
 738   return true;
 739 }
 740 
 741 void FreezeBase::freeze_fast_copy(stackChunkOop chunk, int chunk_start_sp CONT_JFR_ONLY(COMMA bool chunk_is_allocated)) {
 742   assert(chunk != nullptr, "");
 743   assert(!chunk->has_mixed_frames(), "");
 744   assert(!chunk->is_gc_mode(), "");
 745   assert(!chunk->has_bitmap(), "");
 746   assert(!chunk->requires_barriers(), "");
 747   assert(chunk == _cont.tail(), "");
 748 
 749   // We unwind frames after the last safepoint so that the GC will have found the oops in the frames, but before
 750   // writing into the chunk. This is so that an asynchronous stack walk (not at a safepoint) that suspends us here
 751   // will either see no continuation on the stack, or a consistent chunk.
 752   unwind_frames();
 753 
 754   log_develop_trace(continuations)("freeze_fast start: chunk " INTPTR_FORMAT " size: %d orig sp: %d argsize: %d",
 755     p2i((oopDesc*)chunk), chunk->stack_size(), chunk_start_sp, _cont.argsize());
 756   assert(chunk_start_sp <= chunk->stack_size(), "");
 757   assert(chunk_start_sp >= cont_size(), "no room in the chunk");
 758 
 759   const int chunk_new_sp = chunk_start_sp - cont_size(); // the chunk's new sp, after freeze
 760   assert(!(_fast_freeze_size > 0) || (_orig_chunk_sp - (chunk->start_address() + chunk_new_sp)) == (_fast_freeze_size - _monitors_in_lockstack), "");
 761 
 762   intptr_t* chunk_top = chunk->start_address() + chunk_new_sp;
 763 #ifdef ASSERT
 764   if (!_empty) {
 765     intptr_t* retaddr_slot = (_orig_chunk_sp
 766                               - frame::sender_sp_ret_address_offset());
 767     assert(ContinuationHelper::return_address_at(retaddr_slot) == chunk->pc(),
 768            "unexpected saved return address");
 769   }
 770 #endif
 771 
 772   log_develop_trace(continuations)("freeze_fast start: " INTPTR_FORMAT " sp: %d chunk_top: " INTPTR_FORMAT,
 773                               p2i(chunk->start_address()), chunk_new_sp, p2i(chunk_top));
 774 
 775   int adjust = frame::metadata_words_at_bottom;
 776 #if INCLUDE_ASAN && defined(AARCH64)
 777   // Reading at offset frame::metadata_words_at_bottom from _cont_stack_top
 778   // will accesss memory at the callee frame, which on preemption cases will
 779   // be the VM native method being called. The Arm 64-bit ABI doesn't specify
 780   // a location where the frame record (returnpc+fp) has to be stored within
 781   // a stack frame, and GCC currently chooses to save it at the top of the
 782   // frame (lowest address). ASan treats this memory access in the callee as
 783   // an overflow access to one of the locals stored in that frame. For these
 784   // preemption cases we don't need to read these words anyways so we avoid it.
 785   if (_preempt) {
 786     adjust = 0;
 787   }
 788 #endif
 789   intptr_t* from = _cont_stack_top - adjust;
 790   intptr_t* to   = chunk_top - adjust;
 791   copy_to_chunk(from, to, cont_size() + adjust);
 792   // Because we're not patched yet, the chunk is now in a bad state
 793 
 794   // patch return pc of the bottom-most frozen frame (now in the chunk)
 795   // with the actual caller's return address
 796   intptr_t* chunk_bottom_retaddr_slot = (chunk_top + cont_size()
 797                                          - _cont.argsize()
 798                                          - frame::metadata_words_at_top
 799                                          - frame::sender_sp_ret_address_offset());
 800 #ifdef ASSERT
 801   if (!_empty) {
 802     assert(ContinuationHelper::return_address_at(chunk_bottom_retaddr_slot)
 803            == StubRoutines::cont_returnBarrier(),
 804            "should be the continuation return barrier");
 805   }
 806 #endif
 807   ContinuationHelper::patch_return_address_at(chunk_bottom_retaddr_slot,
 808                                               chunk->pc());
 809 
 810   // We're always writing to a young chunk, so the GC can't see it until the next safepoint.
 811   chunk->set_sp(chunk_new_sp);
 812 
 813   // set chunk->pc to the return address of the topmost frame in the chunk
 814   if (_preempt) {
 815     // On aarch64/riscv64, the return pc of the top frame won't necessarily be at sp[-1].
 816     // Also, on x64, if the top frame is the native wrapper frame, sp[-1] will not
 817     // be the pc we used when creating the oopmap. Get the top's frame last pc from
 818     // the anchor instead.
 819     address last_pc = _last_frame.pc();
 820     ContinuationHelper::patch_return_address_at(chunk_top - frame::sender_sp_ret_address_offset(), last_pc);
 821     chunk->set_pc(last_pc);
 822     // For stub/native frames the fp is not used while frozen, and will be constructed
 823     // again when thawing the frame (see ThawBase::handle_preempted_continuation). We
 824     // patch it with a special bad address to help with debugging, particularly when
 825     // inspecting frames and identifying invalid accesses.
 826     patch_pd_unused(chunk_top);
 827   } else {
 828     chunk->set_pc(ContinuationHelper::return_address_at(
 829                   _cont_stack_top - frame::sender_sp_ret_address_offset()));
 830   }
 831 
 832   if (_monitors_in_lockstack > 0) {
 833     freeze_lockstack(chunk);
 834   }
 835 
 836   _cont.write();
 837 
 838   log_develop_trace(continuations)("FREEZE CHUNK #" INTPTR_FORMAT " (young)", _cont.hash());
 839   LogTarget(Trace, continuations) lt;
 840   if (lt.develop_is_enabled()) {
 841     LogStream ls(lt);
 842     chunk->print_on(true, &ls);
 843   }
 844 
 845   // Verification
 846   assert(_cont.chunk_invariant(), "");
 847   chunk->verify();
 848 
 849 #if CONT_JFR
 850   EventContinuationFreezeFast e;
 851   if (e.should_commit()) {
 852     e.set_id(cast_from_oop<u8>(chunk));
 853     DEBUG_ONLY(e.set_allocate(chunk_is_allocated);)
 854     e.set_size(cont_size() << LogBytesPerWord);
 855     e.commit();
 856   }
 857 #endif
 858 }
 859 
 860 NOINLINE freeze_result FreezeBase::freeze_slow() {
 861 #ifdef ASSERT
 862   ResourceMark rm;
 863 #endif
 864 
 865   log_develop_trace(continuations)("freeze_slow  #" INTPTR_FORMAT, _cont.hash());
 866   assert(_thread->thread_state() == _thread_in_vm || _thread->thread_state() == _thread_blocked, "");
 867 
 868 #if CONT_JFR
 869   EventContinuationFreezeSlow e;
 870   if (e.should_commit()) {
 871     e.set_id(cast_from_oop<u8>(_cont.continuation()));
 872     e.commit();
 873   }
 874 #endif
 875 
 876   init_rest();
 877 
 878   HandleMark hm(Thread::current());
 879 
 880   frame f = freeze_start_frame();
 881 
 882   LogTarget(Debug, continuations) lt;
 883   if (lt.develop_is_enabled()) {
 884     LogStream ls(lt);
 885     f.print_on(&ls);
 886   }
 887 
 888   frame caller; // the frozen caller in the chunk
 889   freeze_result res = recurse_freeze(f, caller, 0, false, true);
 890 
 891   if (res == freeze_ok) {
 892     finish_freeze(f, caller);
 893     _cont.write();
 894   }
 895 
 896   return res;
 897 }
 898 
 899 frame FreezeBase::freeze_start_frame() {
 900   if (LIKELY(!_preempt)) {
 901     return freeze_start_frame_yield_stub();
 902   } else {
 903     return freeze_start_frame_on_preempt();
 904   }
 905 }
 906 
 907 frame FreezeBase::freeze_start_frame_yield_stub() {
 908   frame f = _thread->last_frame();
 909   assert(SharedRuntime::cont_doYield_stub()->contains(f.pc()), "must be");
 910   f = sender<ContinuationHelper::NonInterpretedUnknownFrame>(f);
 911   assert(Continuation::is_frame_in_continuation(_thread->last_continuation(), f), "");
 912   return f;
 913 }
 914 
 915 frame FreezeBase::freeze_start_frame_on_preempt() {
 916   assert(_last_frame.sp() == _thread->last_frame().sp(), "_last_frame should be already initialized");
 917   assert(Continuation::is_frame_in_continuation(_thread->last_continuation(), _last_frame), "");
 918   return _last_frame;
 919 }
 920 
 921 // The parameter callee_argsize includes metadata that has to be part of caller/callee overlap.
 922 NOINLINE freeze_result FreezeBase::recurse_freeze(frame& f, frame& caller, int callee_argsize, bool callee_interpreted, bool top) {
 923   assert(f.unextended_sp() < _bottom_address, ""); // see recurse_freeze_java_frame
 924   assert(f.is_interpreted_frame() || ((top && _preempt) == ContinuationHelper::Frame::is_stub(f.cb()))
 925          || ((top && _preempt) == f.is_native_frame()), "");
 926 
 927   if (stack_overflow()) {
 928     return freeze_exception;
 929   }
 930 
 931   if (f.is_compiled_frame()) {
 932     if (UNLIKELY(f.oop_map() == nullptr)) {
 933       // special native frame
 934       return freeze_pinned_native;
 935     }
 936     return recurse_freeze_compiled_frame(f, caller, callee_argsize, callee_interpreted);
 937   } else if (f.is_interpreted_frame()) {
 938     assert(!f.interpreter_frame_method()->is_native() || (top && _preempt), "");
 939     return recurse_freeze_interpreted_frame(f, caller, callee_argsize, callee_interpreted);
 940   } else if (top && _preempt) {
 941     assert(f.is_native_frame() || f.is_runtime_frame(), "");
 942     return f.is_native_frame() ? recurse_freeze_native_frame(f, caller) : recurse_freeze_stub_frame(f, caller);
 943   } else {
 944     // Frame can't be frozen. Most likely the call_stub or upcall_stub
 945     // which indicates there are further natives frames up the stack.
 946     return freeze_pinned_native;
 947   }
 948 }
 949 
 950 // The parameter callee_argsize includes metadata that has to be part of caller/callee overlap.
 951 // See also StackChunkFrameStream<frame_kind>::frame_size()
 952 template<typename FKind>
 953 inline freeze_result FreezeBase::recurse_freeze_java_frame(const frame& f, frame& caller, int fsize, int argsize) {
 954   assert(FKind::is_instance(f), "");
 955 
 956   assert(fsize > 0, "");
 957   assert(argsize >= 0, "");
 958   _freeze_size += fsize;
 959   NOT_PRODUCT(_frames++;)
 960 
 961   assert(FKind::frame_bottom(f) <= _bottom_address, "");
 962 
 963   // We don't use FKind::frame_bottom(f) == _bottom_address because on x64 there's sometimes an extra word between
 964   // enterSpecial and an interpreted frame
 965   if (FKind::frame_bottom(f) >= _bottom_address - 1) {
 966     return finalize_freeze(f, caller, argsize); // recursion end
 967   } else {
 968     frame senderf = sender<FKind>(f);
 969     assert(FKind::interpreted || senderf.sp() == senderf.unextended_sp(), "");
 970     freeze_result result = recurse_freeze(senderf, caller, argsize, FKind::interpreted, false); // recursive call
 971     return result;
 972   }
 973 }
 974 
 975 inline void FreezeBase::before_freeze_java_frame(const frame& f, const frame& caller, int fsize, int argsize, bool is_bottom_frame) {
 976   LogTarget(Trace, continuations) lt;
 977   if (lt.develop_is_enabled()) {
 978     LogStream ls(lt);
 979     ls.print_cr("======== FREEZING FRAME interpreted: %d bottom: %d", f.is_interpreted_frame(), is_bottom_frame);
 980     ls.print_cr("fsize: %d argsize: %d", fsize, argsize);
 981     f.print_value_on(&ls);
 982   }
 983   assert(caller.is_interpreted_frame() == Interpreter::contains(caller.pc()), "");
 984 }
 985 
 986 inline void FreezeBase::after_freeze_java_frame(const frame& hf, bool is_bottom_frame) {
 987   LogTarget(Trace, continuations) lt;
 988   if (lt.develop_is_enabled()) {
 989     LogStream ls(lt);
 990     DEBUG_ONLY(hf.print_value_on(&ls);)
 991     assert(hf.is_heap_frame(), "should be");
 992     DEBUG_ONLY(print_frame_layout(hf, false, &ls);)
 993     if (is_bottom_frame) {
 994       ls.print_cr("bottom h-frame:");
 995       hf.print_on(&ls);
 996     }
 997   }
 998 }
 999 
1000 // The parameter argsize_md includes metadata that has to be part of caller/callee overlap.
1001 // See also StackChunkFrameStream<frame_kind>::frame_size()
1002 freeze_result FreezeBase::finalize_freeze(const frame& callee, frame& caller, int argsize_md) {
1003   int argsize = argsize_md - frame::metadata_words_at_top;
1004   assert(callee.is_interpreted_frame()
1005     || ContinuationHelper::Frame::is_stub(callee.cb())
1006     || callee.cb()->as_nmethod()->is_osr_method()
1007     || argsize == _cont.argsize(), "argsize: %d cont.argsize: %d", argsize, _cont.argsize());
1008   log_develop_trace(continuations)("bottom: " INTPTR_FORMAT " count %d size: %d argsize: %d",
1009     p2i(_bottom_address), _frames, _freeze_size << LogBytesPerWord, argsize);
1010 
1011   LogTarget(Trace, continuations) lt;
1012 
1013 #ifdef ASSERT
1014   bool empty = _cont.is_empty();
1015   log_develop_trace(continuations)("empty: %d", empty);
1016 #endif
1017 
1018   stackChunkOop chunk = _cont.tail();
1019 
1020   assert(chunk == nullptr || (chunk->max_thawing_size() == 0) == chunk->is_empty(), "");
1021 
1022   _freeze_size += frame::metadata_words; // for top frame's metadata
1023 
1024   int overlap = 0; // the args overlap the caller -- if there is one in this chunk and is of the same kind
1025   int unextended_sp = -1;
1026   if (chunk != nullptr) {
1027     if (!chunk->is_empty()) {
1028       StackChunkFrameStream<ChunkFrames::Mixed> last(chunk);
1029       unextended_sp = chunk->to_offset(StackChunkFrameStream<ChunkFrames::Mixed>(chunk).unextended_sp());
1030       bool top_interpreted = Interpreter::contains(chunk->pc());
1031       if (callee.is_interpreted_frame() == top_interpreted) {
1032         overlap = argsize_md;
1033       }
1034     } else {
1035       unextended_sp = chunk->stack_size() - frame::metadata_words_at_top;
1036     }
1037   }
1038 
1039   log_develop_trace(continuations)("finalize _size: %d overlap: %d unextended_sp: %d", _freeze_size, overlap, unextended_sp);
1040 
1041   _freeze_size -= overlap;
1042   assert(_freeze_size >= 0, "");
1043 
1044   assert(chunk == nullptr || chunk->is_empty()
1045           || unextended_sp == chunk->to_offset(StackChunkFrameStream<ChunkFrames::Mixed>(chunk).unextended_sp()), "");
1046   assert(chunk != nullptr || unextended_sp < _freeze_size, "");
1047 
1048   _freeze_size += _monitors_in_lockstack;
1049 
1050   // _barriers can be set to true by an allocation in freeze_fast, in which case the chunk is available
1051   bool allocated_old_in_freeze_fast = _barriers;
1052   assert(!allocated_old_in_freeze_fast || (unextended_sp >= _freeze_size && chunk->is_empty()),
1053     "Chunk allocated in freeze_fast is of insufficient size "
1054     "unextended_sp: %d size: %d is_empty: %d", unextended_sp, _freeze_size, chunk->is_empty());
1055   assert(!allocated_old_in_freeze_fast || (!UseZGC && !UseG1GC), "Unexpected allocation");
1056 
1057   DEBUG_ONLY(bool empty_chunk = true);
1058   if (unextended_sp < _freeze_size || chunk->is_gc_mode() || (!allocated_old_in_freeze_fast && chunk->requires_barriers())) {
1059     // ALLOCATE NEW CHUNK
1060 
1061     if (lt.develop_is_enabled()) {
1062       LogStream ls(lt);
1063       if (chunk == nullptr) {
1064         ls.print_cr("no chunk");
1065       } else {
1066         ls.print_cr("chunk barriers: %d _size: %d free size: %d",
1067           chunk->requires_barriers(), _freeze_size, chunk->sp() - frame::metadata_words);
1068         chunk->print_on(&ls);
1069       }
1070     }
1071 
1072     _freeze_size += overlap; // we're allocating a new chunk, so no overlap
1073     // overlap = 0;
1074 
1075     chunk = allocate_chunk_slow(_freeze_size, argsize_md);
1076     if (chunk == nullptr) {
1077       return freeze_exception;
1078     }
1079 
1080     // Install new chunk
1081     _cont.set_tail(chunk);
1082     assert(chunk->is_empty(), "");
1083   } else {
1084     // REUSE EXISTING CHUNK
1085     log_develop_trace(continuations)("Reusing chunk mixed: %d empty: %d", chunk->has_mixed_frames(), chunk->is_empty());
1086     if (chunk->is_empty()) {
1087       int sp = chunk->stack_size() - argsize_md;
1088       chunk->set_sp(sp);
1089       chunk->set_bottom(sp);
1090       _freeze_size += overlap;
1091       assert(chunk->max_thawing_size() == 0, "");
1092     } DEBUG_ONLY(else empty_chunk = false;)
1093   }
1094   assert(!chunk->is_gc_mode(), "");
1095   assert(!chunk->has_bitmap(), "");
1096   chunk->set_has_mixed_frames(true);
1097 
1098   assert(chunk->requires_barriers() == _barriers, "");
1099   assert(!_barriers || chunk->is_empty(), "");
1100 
1101   assert(!chunk->is_empty() || StackChunkFrameStream<ChunkFrames::Mixed>(chunk).is_done(), "");
1102   assert(!chunk->is_empty() || StackChunkFrameStream<ChunkFrames::Mixed>(chunk).to_frame().is_empty(), "");
1103 
1104   if (_preempt) {
1105     frame top_frame = _thread->last_frame();
1106     if (top_frame.is_interpreted_frame()) {
1107       // Some platforms do not save the last_sp in the top interpreter frame on VM calls.
1108       // We need it so that on resume we can restore the sp to the right place, since
1109       // thawing might add an alignment word to the expression stack (see finish_thaw()).
1110       // We do it now that we know freezing will be successful.
1111       prepare_freeze_interpreted_top_frame(top_frame);
1112     }
1113 
1114     // Do this now so should_process_args_at_top() is set before calling finish_freeze
1115     // in case we might need to apply GC barriers to frames in this stackChunk.
1116     if (_thread->at_preemptable_init()) {
1117       assert(top_frame.is_interpreted_frame(), "only InterpreterRuntime::_new/resolve_from_cache allowed");
1118       chunk->set_at_klass_init(true);
1119       methodHandle m(_thread, top_frame.interpreter_frame_method());
1120       Bytecode_invoke call = Bytecode_invoke_check(m, top_frame.interpreter_frame_bci());
1121       assert(!call.is_valid() || call.is_invokestatic(), "only invokestatic allowed");
1122       if (call.is_invokestatic() && call.size_of_parameters() > 0) {
1123         assert(top_frame.interpreter_frame_expression_stack_size() > 0, "should have parameters in exp stack");
1124         chunk->set_has_args_at_top(true);
1125       }
1126     }
1127   }
1128 
1129   // We unwind frames after the last safepoint so that the GC will have found the oops in the frames, but before
1130   // writing into the chunk. This is so that an asynchronous stack walk (not at a safepoint) that suspends us here
1131   // will either see no continuation or a consistent chunk.
1132   unwind_frames();
1133 
1134   chunk->set_max_thawing_size(chunk->max_thawing_size() + _freeze_size - _monitors_in_lockstack - frame::metadata_words);
1135 
1136   if (lt.develop_is_enabled()) {
1137     LogStream ls(lt);
1138     ls.print_cr("top chunk:");
1139     chunk->print_on(&ls);
1140   }
1141 
1142   if (_monitors_in_lockstack > 0) {
1143     freeze_lockstack(chunk);
1144   }
1145 
1146   // The topmost existing frame in the chunk; or an empty frame if the chunk is empty
1147   caller = StackChunkFrameStream<ChunkFrames::Mixed>(chunk).to_frame();
1148 
1149   DEBUG_ONLY(_last_write = caller.unextended_sp() + (empty_chunk ? argsize_md : overlap);)
1150 
1151   assert(chunk->is_in_chunk(_last_write - _freeze_size),
1152     "last_write-size: " INTPTR_FORMAT " start: " INTPTR_FORMAT, p2i(_last_write-_freeze_size), p2i(chunk->start_address()));
1153 #ifdef ASSERT
1154   if (lt.develop_is_enabled()) {
1155     LogStream ls(lt);
1156     ls.print_cr("top hframe before (freeze):");
1157     assert(caller.is_heap_frame(), "should be");
1158     caller.print_on(&ls);
1159   }
1160 
1161   assert(!empty || Continuation::is_continuation_entry_frame(callee, nullptr), "");
1162 
1163   frame entry = sender(callee);
1164 
1165   assert((!empty && Continuation::is_return_barrier_entry(entry.pc())) || (empty && Continuation::is_continuation_enterSpecial(entry)), "");
1166   assert(callee.is_interpreted_frame() || entry.sp() == entry.unextended_sp(), "");
1167 #endif
1168 
1169   return freeze_ok_bottom;
1170 }
1171 
1172 // After freezing a frame we need to possibly adjust some values related to the caller frame.
1173 void FreezeBase::patch(const frame& f, frame& hf, const frame& caller, bool is_bottom_frame) {
1174   if (is_bottom_frame) {
1175     // If we're the bottom frame, we need to replace the return barrier with the real
1176     // caller's pc.
1177     address last_pc = caller.pc();
1178     assert((last_pc == nullptr) == _cont.tail()->is_empty(), "");
1179     ContinuationHelper::Frame::patch_pc(caller, last_pc);
1180   } else {
1181     assert(!caller.is_empty(), "");
1182   }
1183 
1184   patch_pd(hf, caller);
1185 
1186   if (f.is_interpreted_frame()) {
1187     assert(hf.is_heap_frame(), "should be");
1188     ContinuationHelper::InterpretedFrame::patch_sender_sp(hf, caller);
1189   }
1190 
1191 #ifdef ASSERT
1192   if (hf.is_compiled_frame()) {
1193     if (f.is_deoptimized_frame()) { // TODO DEOPT: long term solution: unroll on freeze and patch pc
1194       log_develop_trace(continuations)("Freezing deoptimized frame");
1195       assert(f.cb()->as_nmethod()->is_deopt_pc(f.raw_pc()), "");
1196       assert(f.cb()->as_nmethod()->is_deopt_pc(ContinuationHelper::Frame::real_pc(f)), "");
1197     }
1198   }
1199 #endif
1200 }
1201 
1202 #ifdef ASSERT
1203 static void verify_frame_top(const frame& f, intptr_t* top) {
1204   ResourceMark rm;
1205   InterpreterOopMap mask;
1206   f.interpreted_frame_oop_map(&mask);
1207   assert(top <= ContinuationHelper::InterpretedFrame::frame_top(f, &mask),
1208          "frame_top: " INTPTR_FORMAT " Interpreted::frame_top: " INTPTR_FORMAT,
1209            p2i(top), p2i(ContinuationHelper::InterpretedFrame::frame_top(f, &mask)));
1210 }
1211 #endif // ASSERT
1212 
1213 // The parameter callee_argsize includes metadata that has to be part of caller/callee overlap.
1214 // See also StackChunkFrameStream<frame_kind>::frame_size()
1215 NOINLINE freeze_result FreezeBase::recurse_freeze_interpreted_frame(frame& f, frame& caller,
1216                                                                     int callee_argsize /* incl. metadata */,
1217                                                                     bool callee_interpreted) {
1218   adjust_interpreted_frame_unextended_sp(f);
1219 
1220   // The frame's top never includes the stack arguments to the callee
1221   intptr_t* const stack_frame_top = ContinuationHelper::InterpretedFrame::frame_top(f, callee_argsize, callee_interpreted);
1222   intptr_t* const stack_frame_bottom = ContinuationHelper::InterpretedFrame::frame_bottom(f);
1223   const int fsize = pointer_delta_as_int(stack_frame_bottom, stack_frame_top);
1224 
1225   DEBUG_ONLY(verify_frame_top(f, stack_frame_top));
1226 
1227   Method* frame_method = ContinuationHelper::Frame::frame_method(f);
1228   // including metadata between f and its args
1229   const int argsize = ContinuationHelper::InterpretedFrame::stack_argsize(f) + frame::metadata_words_at_top;
1230 
1231   log_develop_trace(continuations)("recurse_freeze_interpreted_frame %s _size: %d fsize: %d argsize: %d callee_interpreted: %d",
1232     frame_method->name_and_sig_as_C_string(), _freeze_size, fsize, argsize, callee_interpreted);
1233   // we'd rather not yield inside methods annotated with @JvmtiMountTransition
1234   assert(!ContinuationHelper::Frame::frame_method(f)->jvmti_mount_transition(), "");
1235 
1236   freeze_result result = recurse_freeze_java_frame<ContinuationHelper::InterpretedFrame>(f, caller, fsize, argsize);
1237   if (UNLIKELY(result > freeze_ok_bottom)) {
1238     return result;
1239   }
1240 
1241   bool is_bottom_frame = result == freeze_ok_bottom;
1242   assert(!caller.is_empty() || is_bottom_frame, "");
1243 
1244   DEBUG_ONLY(before_freeze_java_frame(f, caller, fsize, 0, is_bottom_frame);)
1245 
1246   frame hf = new_heap_frame<ContinuationHelper::InterpretedFrame>(f, caller);
1247   _total_align_size += frame::align_wiggle; // add alignment room for internal interpreted frame alignment on AArch64/PPC64
1248 
1249   intptr_t* heap_frame_top = ContinuationHelper::InterpretedFrame::frame_top(hf, callee_argsize, callee_interpreted);
1250   intptr_t* heap_frame_bottom = ContinuationHelper::InterpretedFrame::frame_bottom(hf);
1251   assert(heap_frame_bottom == heap_frame_top + fsize, "");
1252 
1253   // Some architectures (like AArch64/PPC64/RISC-V) add padding between the locals and the fixed_frame to keep the fp 16-byte-aligned.
1254   // On those architectures we freeze the padding in order to keep the same fp-relative offsets in the fixed_frame.
1255   copy_to_chunk(stack_frame_top, heap_frame_top, fsize);
1256   assert(!is_bottom_frame || !caller.is_interpreted_frame() || (heap_frame_top + fsize) == (caller.unextended_sp() + argsize), "");
1257 
1258   relativize_interpreted_frame_metadata(f, hf);
1259 
1260   patch(f, hf, caller, is_bottom_frame);
1261 
1262   CONT_JFR_ONLY(_jfr_info.record_interpreted_frame();)
1263   DEBUG_ONLY(after_freeze_java_frame(hf, is_bottom_frame);)
1264   caller = hf;
1265 
1266   // Mark frame_method's GC epoch for class redefinition on_stack calculation.
1267   frame_method->record_gc_epoch();
1268 
1269   return freeze_ok;
1270 }
1271 
1272 // The parameter callee_argsize includes metadata that has to be part of caller/callee overlap.
1273 // See also StackChunkFrameStream<frame_kind>::frame_size()
1274 freeze_result FreezeBase::recurse_freeze_compiled_frame(frame& f, frame& caller,
1275                                                         int callee_argsize /* incl. metadata */,
1276                                                         bool callee_interpreted) {
1277   // The frame's top never includes the stack arguments to the callee
1278   intptr_t* const stack_frame_top = ContinuationHelper::CompiledFrame::frame_top(f, callee_argsize, callee_interpreted);
1279   intptr_t* const stack_frame_bottom = ContinuationHelper::CompiledFrame::frame_bottom(f);
1280   // including metadata between f and its stackargs
1281   const int argsize = ContinuationHelper::CompiledFrame::stack_argsize(f) + frame::metadata_words_at_top;
1282   const int fsize = pointer_delta_as_int(stack_frame_bottom + argsize, stack_frame_top);
1283 
1284   log_develop_trace(continuations)("recurse_freeze_compiled_frame %s _size: %d fsize: %d argsize: %d",
1285                              ContinuationHelper::Frame::frame_method(f) != nullptr ?
1286                              ContinuationHelper::Frame::frame_method(f)->name_and_sig_as_C_string() : "",
1287                              _freeze_size, fsize, argsize);
1288   // we'd rather not yield inside methods annotated with @JvmtiMountTransition
1289   assert(!ContinuationHelper::Frame::frame_method(f)->jvmti_mount_transition(), "");
1290 
1291   freeze_result result = recurse_freeze_java_frame<ContinuationHelper::CompiledFrame>(f, caller, fsize, argsize);
1292   if (UNLIKELY(result > freeze_ok_bottom)) {
1293     return result;
1294   }
1295 
1296   bool is_bottom_frame = result == freeze_ok_bottom;
1297   assert(!caller.is_empty() || is_bottom_frame, "");
1298 
1299   DEBUG_ONLY(before_freeze_java_frame(f, caller, fsize, argsize, is_bottom_frame);)
1300 
1301   frame hf = new_heap_frame<ContinuationHelper::CompiledFrame>(f, caller);
1302 
1303   intptr_t* heap_frame_top = ContinuationHelper::CompiledFrame::frame_top(hf, callee_argsize, callee_interpreted);
1304 
1305   copy_to_chunk(stack_frame_top, heap_frame_top, fsize);
1306   assert(!is_bottom_frame || !caller.is_compiled_frame() || (heap_frame_top + fsize) == (caller.unextended_sp() + argsize), "");
1307 
1308   if (caller.is_interpreted_frame()) {
1309     // When thawing the frame we might need to add alignment (see Thaw::align)
1310     _total_align_size += frame::align_wiggle;
1311   }
1312 
1313   patch(f, hf, caller, is_bottom_frame);
1314 
1315   assert(is_bottom_frame || Interpreter::contains(ContinuationHelper::CompiledFrame::real_pc(caller)) == caller.is_interpreted_frame(), "");
1316 
1317   DEBUG_ONLY(after_freeze_java_frame(hf, is_bottom_frame);)
1318   caller = hf;
1319   return freeze_ok;
1320 }
1321 
1322 NOINLINE freeze_result FreezeBase::recurse_freeze_stub_frame(frame& f, frame& caller) {
1323   DEBUG_ONLY(frame fsender = sender(f);)
1324   assert(fsender.is_compiled_frame(), "sender should be compiled frame");
1325 
1326   intptr_t* const stack_frame_top = ContinuationHelper::StubFrame::frame_top(f);
1327   const int fsize = f.cb()->frame_size();
1328 
1329   log_develop_trace(continuations)("recurse_freeze_stub_frame %s _size: %d fsize: %d :: " INTPTR_FORMAT " - " INTPTR_FORMAT,
1330     f.cb()->name(), _freeze_size, fsize, p2i(stack_frame_top), p2i(stack_frame_top+fsize));
1331 
1332   freeze_result result = recurse_freeze_java_frame<ContinuationHelper::StubFrame>(f, caller, fsize, 0);
1333   if (UNLIKELY(result > freeze_ok_bottom)) {
1334     return result;
1335   }
1336 
1337   assert(result == freeze_ok, "should have caller");
1338   DEBUG_ONLY(before_freeze_java_frame(f, caller, fsize, 0, false /*is_bottom_frame*/);)
1339 
1340   frame hf = new_heap_frame<ContinuationHelper::StubFrame>(f, caller);
1341   intptr_t* heap_frame_top = ContinuationHelper::StubFrame::frame_top(hf);
1342 
1343   copy_to_chunk(stack_frame_top, heap_frame_top, fsize);
1344 
1345   patch(f, hf, caller, false /*is_bottom_frame*/);
1346 
1347   DEBUG_ONLY(after_freeze_java_frame(hf, false /*is_bottom_frame*/);)
1348 
1349   caller = hf;
1350   return freeze_ok;
1351 }
1352 
1353 NOINLINE freeze_result FreezeBase::recurse_freeze_native_frame(frame& f, frame& caller) {
1354   if (!f.cb()->as_nmethod()->method()->is_object_wait0()) {
1355     assert(f.cb()->as_nmethod()->method()->is_synchronized(), "");
1356     // Synchronized native method case. Unlike the interpreter native wrapper, the compiled
1357     // native wrapper tries to acquire the monitor after marshalling the arguments from the
1358     // caller into the native convention. This is so that we have a valid oopMap in case of
1359     // having to block in the slow path. But that would require freezing those registers too
1360     // and then fixing them back on thaw in case of oops. To avoid complicating things and
1361     // given that this would be a rare case anyways just pin the vthread to the carrier.
1362     return freeze_pinned_native;
1363   }
1364 
1365   intptr_t* const stack_frame_top = ContinuationHelper::NativeFrame::frame_top(f);
1366   // There are no stackargs but argsize must include the metadata
1367   const int argsize = frame::metadata_words_at_top;
1368   const int fsize = f.cb()->frame_size() + argsize;
1369 
1370   log_develop_trace(continuations)("recurse_freeze_native_frame %s _size: %d fsize: %d :: " INTPTR_FORMAT " - " INTPTR_FORMAT,
1371     f.cb()->name(), _freeze_size, fsize, p2i(stack_frame_top), p2i(stack_frame_top+fsize));
1372 
1373   freeze_result result = recurse_freeze_java_frame<ContinuationHelper::NativeFrame>(f, caller, fsize, argsize);
1374   if (UNLIKELY(result > freeze_ok_bottom)) {
1375     return result;
1376   }
1377 
1378   assert(result == freeze_ok, "should have caller frame");
1379   DEBUG_ONLY(before_freeze_java_frame(f, caller, fsize, argsize, false /* is_bottom_frame */);)
1380 
1381   frame hf = new_heap_frame<ContinuationHelper::NativeFrame>(f, caller);
1382   intptr_t* heap_frame_top = ContinuationHelper::NativeFrame::frame_top(hf);
1383 
1384   copy_to_chunk(stack_frame_top, heap_frame_top, fsize);
1385 
1386   if (caller.is_interpreted_frame()) {
1387     // When thawing the frame we might need to add alignment (see Thaw::align)
1388     _total_align_size += frame::align_wiggle;
1389   }
1390 
1391   patch(f, hf, caller, false /* is_bottom_frame */);
1392 
1393   DEBUG_ONLY(after_freeze_java_frame(hf, false /* is_bottom_frame */);)
1394 
1395   caller = hf;
1396   return freeze_ok;
1397 }
1398 
1399 NOINLINE void FreezeBase::finish_freeze(const frame& f, const frame& top) {
1400   stackChunkOop chunk = _cont.tail();
1401 
1402   LogTarget(Trace, continuations) lt;
1403   if (lt.develop_is_enabled()) {
1404     LogStream ls(lt);
1405     assert(top.is_heap_frame(), "should be");
1406     top.print_on(&ls);
1407   }
1408 
1409   set_top_frame_metadata_pd(top);
1410 
1411   chunk->set_sp(chunk->to_offset(top.sp()));
1412   chunk->set_pc(top.pc());
1413 
1414   chunk->set_max_thawing_size(chunk->max_thawing_size() + _total_align_size);
1415 
1416   assert(chunk->sp_address() - chunk->start_address() >= _monitors_in_lockstack, "clash with lockstack");
1417 
1418   // At this point the chunk is consistent
1419 
1420   if (UNLIKELY(_barriers)) {
1421     log_develop_trace(continuations)("do barriers on old chunk");
1422     // Serial and Parallel GC can allocate objects directly into the old generation.
1423     // Then we want to relativize the derived pointers eagerly so that
1424     // old chunks are all in GC mode.
1425     assert(!UseG1GC, "G1 can not deal with allocating outside of eden");
1426     assert(!UseZGC, "ZGC can not deal with allocating chunks visible to marking");
1427     if (UseShenandoahGC) {
1428       _cont.tail()->relativize_derived_pointers_concurrently();
1429     } else {
1430       ContinuationGCSupport::transform_stack_chunk(_cont.tail());
1431     }
1432     // For objects in the old generation we must maintain the remembered set
1433     _cont.tail()->do_barriers<stackChunkOopDesc::BarrierType::Store>();
1434   }
1435 
1436   log_develop_trace(continuations)("finish_freeze: has_mixed_frames: %d", chunk->has_mixed_frames());
1437   if (lt.develop_is_enabled()) {
1438     LogStream ls(lt);
1439     chunk->print_on(true, &ls);
1440   }
1441 
1442   if (lt.develop_is_enabled()) {
1443     LogStream ls(lt);
1444     ls.print_cr("top hframe after (freeze):");
1445     assert(_cont.last_frame().is_heap_frame(), "should be");
1446     _cont.last_frame().print_on(&ls);
1447     DEBUG_ONLY(print_frame_layout(top, false, &ls);)
1448   }
1449 
1450   assert(_cont.chunk_invariant(), "");
1451 }
1452 
1453 inline bool FreezeBase::stack_overflow() { // detect stack overflow in recursive native code
1454   JavaThread* t = !_preempt ? _thread : JavaThread::current();
1455   assert(t == JavaThread::current(), "");
1456   if (os::current_stack_pointer() < t->stack_overflow_state()->shadow_zone_safe_limit()) {
1457     if (!_preempt) {
1458       ContinuationWrapper::SafepointOp so(t, _cont); // could also call _cont.done() instead
1459       Exceptions::_throw_msg(t, __FILE__, __LINE__, vmSymbols::java_lang_StackOverflowError(), "Stack overflow while freezing");
1460     }
1461     return true;
1462   }
1463   return false;
1464 }
1465 
1466 class StackChunkAllocator : public MemAllocator {
1467   const size_t                                 _stack_size;
1468   int                                          _argsize_md;
1469   ContinuationWrapper&                         _continuation_wrapper;
1470   JvmtiSampledObjectAllocEventCollector* const _jvmti_event_collector;
1471   mutable bool                                 _took_slow_path;
1472 
1473   // Does the minimal amount of initialization needed for a TLAB allocation.
1474   // We don't need to do a full initialization, as such an allocation need not be immediately walkable.
1475   virtual oop initialize(HeapWord* mem) const override {
1476     assert(_stack_size > 0, "");
1477     assert(_stack_size <= max_jint, "");
1478     assert(_word_size > _stack_size, "");
1479 
1480     // zero out fields (but not the stack)
1481     const size_t hs = oopDesc::header_size();
1482     if (oopDesc::has_klass_gap()) {
1483       oopDesc::set_klass_gap(mem, 0);
1484     }
1485     Copy::fill_to_aligned_words(mem + hs, vmClasses::StackChunk_klass()->size_helper() - hs);
1486 
1487     int bottom = (int)_stack_size - _argsize_md;
1488 
1489     jdk_internal_vm_StackChunk::set_size(mem, (int)_stack_size);
1490     jdk_internal_vm_StackChunk::set_bottom(mem, bottom);
1491     jdk_internal_vm_StackChunk::set_sp(mem, bottom);
1492 
1493     return finish(mem);
1494   }
1495 
1496   stackChunkOop allocate_fast() const {
1497     if (!UseTLAB) {
1498       return nullptr;
1499     }
1500 
1501     HeapWord* const mem = MemAllocator::mem_allocate_inside_tlab_fast();
1502     if (mem == nullptr) {
1503       return nullptr;
1504     }
1505 
1506     oop obj = initialize(mem);
1507     return stackChunkOopDesc::cast(obj);
1508   }
1509 
1510 public:
1511   StackChunkAllocator(Klass* klass,
1512                       size_t word_size,
1513                       Thread* thread,
1514                       size_t stack_size,
1515                       int argsize_md,
1516                       ContinuationWrapper& continuation_wrapper,
1517                       JvmtiSampledObjectAllocEventCollector* jvmti_event_collector)
1518     : MemAllocator(klass, word_size, thread),
1519       _stack_size(stack_size),
1520       _argsize_md(argsize_md),
1521       _continuation_wrapper(continuation_wrapper),
1522       _jvmti_event_collector(jvmti_event_collector),
1523       _took_slow_path(false) {}
1524 
1525   // Provides it's own, specialized allocation which skips instrumentation
1526   // if the memory can be allocated without going to a slow-path.
1527   stackChunkOop allocate() const {
1528     // First try to allocate without any slow-paths or instrumentation.
1529     stackChunkOop obj = allocate_fast();
1530     if (obj != nullptr) {
1531       return obj;
1532     }
1533 
1534     // Now try full-blown allocation with all expensive operations,
1535     // including potentially safepoint operations.
1536     _took_slow_path = true;
1537 
1538     // Protect unhandled Loom oops
1539     ContinuationWrapper::SafepointOp so(_thread, _continuation_wrapper);
1540 
1541     // Can safepoint
1542     _jvmti_event_collector->start();
1543 
1544     // Can safepoint
1545     return stackChunkOopDesc::cast(MemAllocator::allocate());
1546   }
1547 
1548   bool took_slow_path() const {
1549     return _took_slow_path;
1550   }
1551 };
1552 
1553 template <typename ConfigT>
1554 stackChunkOop Freeze<ConfigT>::allocate_chunk(size_t stack_size, int argsize_md) {
1555   log_develop_trace(continuations)("allocate_chunk allocating new chunk");
1556 
1557   InstanceStackChunkKlass* klass = InstanceStackChunkKlass::cast(vmClasses::StackChunk_klass());
1558   size_t size_in_words = klass->instance_size(stack_size);
1559 
1560   if (CollectedHeap::stack_chunk_max_size() > 0 && size_in_words >= CollectedHeap::stack_chunk_max_size()) {
1561     if (!_preempt) {
1562       throw_stack_overflow_on_humongous_chunk();
1563     }
1564     return nullptr;
1565   }
1566 
1567   JavaThread* current = _preempt ? JavaThread::current() : _thread;
1568   assert(current == JavaThread::current(), "should be current");
1569 
1570   // Allocate the chunk.
1571   //
1572   // This might safepoint while allocating, but all safepointing due to
1573   // instrumentation have been deferred. This property is important for
1574   // some GCs, as this ensures that the allocated object is in the young
1575   // generation / newly allocated memory.
1576   StackChunkAllocator allocator(klass, size_in_words, current, stack_size, argsize_md, _cont, _jvmti_event_collector);
1577   stackChunkOop chunk = allocator.allocate();
1578 
1579   if (chunk == nullptr) {
1580     return nullptr; // OOME
1581   }
1582 
1583   // assert that chunk is properly initialized
1584   assert(chunk->stack_size() == (int)stack_size, "");
1585   assert(chunk->size() >= stack_size, "chunk->size(): %zu size: %zu", chunk->size(), stack_size);
1586   assert(chunk->sp() == chunk->bottom(), "");
1587   assert((intptr_t)chunk->start_address() % 8 == 0, "");
1588   assert(chunk->max_thawing_size() == 0, "");
1589   assert(chunk->pc() == nullptr, "");
1590   assert(chunk->is_empty(), "");
1591   assert(chunk->flags() == 0, "");
1592   assert(chunk->is_gc_mode() == false, "");
1593   assert(chunk->lockstack_size() == 0, "");
1594 
1595   // fields are uninitialized
1596   chunk->set_parent_access<IS_DEST_UNINITIALIZED>(_cont.last_nonempty_chunk());
1597   chunk->set_cont_access<IS_DEST_UNINITIALIZED>(_cont.continuation());
1598 
1599 #if INCLUDE_ZGC
1600   if (UseZGC) {
1601     ZStackChunkGCData::initialize(chunk);
1602     assert(!chunk->requires_barriers(), "ZGC always allocates in the young generation");
1603     _barriers = false;
1604   } else
1605 #endif
1606 #if INCLUDE_SHENANDOAHGC
1607   if (UseShenandoahGC) {
1608     _barriers = chunk->requires_barriers();
1609   } else
1610 #endif
1611   {
1612     if (!allocator.took_slow_path()) {
1613       // Guaranteed to be in young gen / newly allocated memory
1614       assert(!chunk->requires_barriers(), "Unfamiliar GC requires barriers on TLAB allocation");
1615       _barriers = false;
1616     } else {
1617       // Some GCs could put direct allocations in old gen for slow-path
1618       // allocations; need to explicitly check if that was the case.
1619       _barriers = chunk->requires_barriers();
1620     }
1621   }
1622 
1623   if (_barriers) {
1624     log_develop_trace(continuations)("allocation requires barriers");
1625   }
1626 
1627   assert(chunk->parent() == nullptr || chunk->parent()->is_stackChunk(), "");
1628 
1629   return chunk;
1630 }
1631 
1632 void FreezeBase::throw_stack_overflow_on_humongous_chunk() {
1633   ContinuationWrapper::SafepointOp so(_thread, _cont); // could also call _cont.done() instead
1634   Exceptions::_throw_msg(_thread, __FILE__, __LINE__, vmSymbols::java_lang_StackOverflowError(), "Humongous stack chunk");
1635 }
1636 
1637 class AnchorMark : public StackObj {
1638   JavaThread* _current;
1639   frame& _top_frame;
1640   intptr_t* _last_sp_from_frame;
1641   bool _is_interpreted;
1642 
1643  public:
1644   AnchorMark(JavaThread* current, frame& f) : _current(current), _top_frame(f), _is_interpreted(false) {
1645     intptr_t* sp = anchor_mark_set_pd();
1646     set_anchor(_current, sp);
1647   }
1648   ~AnchorMark() {
1649     clear_anchor(_current);
1650     anchor_mark_clear_pd();
1651   }
1652   inline intptr_t* anchor_mark_set_pd();
1653   inline void anchor_mark_clear_pd();
1654 };
1655 
1656 #if INCLUDE_JVMTI
1657 static int num_java_frames(ContinuationWrapper& cont) {
1658   ResourceMark rm; // used for scope traversal in num_java_frames(nmethod*, address)
1659   int count = 0;
1660   for (stackChunkOop chunk = cont.tail(); chunk != nullptr; chunk = chunk->parent()) {
1661     count += chunk->num_java_frames();
1662   }
1663   return count;
1664 }
1665 
1666 static void invalidate_jvmti_stack(JavaThread* thread) {
1667   JvmtiThreadState *state = thread->jvmti_thread_state();
1668   if (state != nullptr) {
1669     state->invalidate_cur_stack_depth();
1670   }
1671 }
1672 
1673 static void jvmti_yield_cleanup(JavaThread* thread, ContinuationWrapper& cont) {
1674   if (!cont.entry()->is_virtual_thread()) {
1675     if (JvmtiExport::has_frame_pops(thread)) {
1676       int num_frames = num_java_frames(cont);
1677 
1678       ContinuationWrapper::SafepointOp so(Thread::current(), cont);
1679       JvmtiExport::continuation_yield_cleanup(thread, num_frames);
1680     }
1681     invalidate_jvmti_stack(thread);
1682   }
1683 }
1684 
1685 static void jvmti_mount_end(JavaThread* current, ContinuationWrapper& cont, frame top, Continuation::preempt_kind pk) {
1686   assert(current->vthread() != nullptr, "must be");
1687 
1688   HandleMarkCleaner hm(current);  // Cleanup all handles (including so._conth) before returning to Java.
1689   Handle vth(current, current->vthread());
1690   ContinuationWrapper::SafepointOp so(current, cont);
1691   AnchorMark am(current, top);  // Set anchor so that the stack is walkable.
1692 
1693   JRT_BLOCK
1694     MountUnmountDisabler::end_transition(current, vth(), true /*is_mount*/, false /*is_thread_start*/);
1695 
1696     if (current->pending_contended_entered_event()) {
1697       // No monitor JVMTI events for ObjectLocker case.
1698       if (pk != Continuation::object_locker) {
1699         JvmtiExport::post_monitor_contended_entered(current, current->contended_entered_monitor());
1700       }
1701       current->set_contended_entered_monitor(nullptr);
1702     }
1703   JRT_BLOCK_END
1704 }
1705 #endif // INCLUDE_JVMTI
1706 
1707 #ifdef ASSERT
1708 // There are no interpreted frames if we're not called from the interpreter and we haven't ancountered an i2c
1709 // adapter or called Deoptimization::unpack_frames. As for native frames, upcalls from JNI also go through the
1710 // interpreter (see JavaCalls::call_helper), while the UpcallLinker explicitly sets cont_fastpath.
1711 bool FreezeBase::check_valid_fast_path() {
1712   ContinuationEntry* ce = _thread->last_continuation();
1713   RegisterMap map(_thread,
1714                   RegisterMap::UpdateMap::skip,
1715                   RegisterMap::ProcessFrames::skip,
1716                   RegisterMap::WalkContinuation::skip);
1717   map.set_include_argument_oops(false);
1718   bool is_top_frame = true;
1719   for (frame f = freeze_start_frame(); Continuation::is_frame_in_continuation(ce, f); f = f.sender(&map), is_top_frame = false) {
1720     if (!((f.is_compiled_frame() && !f.is_deoptimized_frame()) || (is_top_frame && (f.is_runtime_frame() || f.is_native_frame())))) {
1721       return false;
1722     }
1723   }
1724   return true;
1725 }
1726 
1727 static void verify_frame_kind(frame& top, Continuation::preempt_kind preempt_kind, Method** m_ptr, const char** code_name_ptr, int* bci_ptr, stackChunkOop chunk) {
1728   Method* m;
1729   const char* code_name;
1730   int bci;
1731   if (preempt_kind == Continuation::monitorenter) {
1732     assert(top.is_interpreted_frame() || top.is_runtime_frame(), "unexpected %sframe",
1733       top.is_compiled_frame() ? "compiled " : top.is_native_frame() ? "native " : "");
1734     bool at_sync_method;
1735     if (top.is_interpreted_frame()) {
1736       m = top.interpreter_frame_method();
1737       assert(!m->is_native() || m->is_synchronized(), "invalid method %s", m->external_name());
1738       address bcp = top.interpreter_frame_bcp();
1739       assert(bcp != 0 || m->is_native(), "");
1740       at_sync_method = m->is_synchronized() && (bcp == 0 || bcp == m->code_base());
1741       // bcp is advanced on monitorenter before making the VM call, adjust for that.
1742       bool at_sync_bytecode = bcp > m->code_base() && Bytecode(m, bcp - 1).code() == Bytecodes::Code::_monitorenter;
1743       assert(at_sync_method || at_sync_bytecode, "");
1744       bci = at_sync_method ? -1 : top.interpreter_frame_bci();
1745     } else {
1746       JavaThread* current = JavaThread::current();
1747       ResourceMark rm(current);
1748       CodeBlob* cb = top.cb();
1749       RegisterMap reg_map(current,
1750                   RegisterMap::UpdateMap::skip,
1751                   RegisterMap::ProcessFrames::skip,
1752                   RegisterMap::WalkContinuation::include);
1753       if (top.is_heap_frame()) {
1754         assert(chunk != nullptr, "");
1755         reg_map.set_stack_chunk(chunk);
1756         top = chunk->relativize(top);
1757         top.set_frame_index(0);
1758       }
1759       frame fr = top.sender(&reg_map);
1760       vframe*  vf  = vframe::new_vframe(&fr, &reg_map, current);
1761       compiledVFrame* cvf = compiledVFrame::cast(vf);
1762       m = cvf->method();
1763       bci = cvf->scope()->bci();
1764       at_sync_method = bci == SynchronizationEntryBCI;
1765       assert(!at_sync_method || m->is_synchronized(), "bci is %d but method %s is not synchronized", bci, m->external_name());
1766       bool is_c1_monitorenter = false, is_c2_monitorenter = false;
1767       COMPILER1_PRESENT(is_c1_monitorenter = cb == Runtime1::blob_for(StubId::c1_monitorenter_id) ||
1768                                              cb == Runtime1::blob_for(StubId::c1_monitorenter_nofpu_id);)
1769       COMPILER2_PRESENT(is_c2_monitorenter = cb == CodeCache::find_blob(OptoRuntime::complete_monitor_locking_Java());)
1770       assert(is_c1_monitorenter || is_c2_monitorenter, "wrong runtime stub frame");
1771     }
1772     code_name = at_sync_method ? "synchronized method" : "monitorenter";
1773   } else if (preempt_kind == Continuation::object_wait) {
1774     assert(top.is_interpreted_frame() || top.is_native_frame(), "");
1775     m  = top.is_interpreted_frame() ? top.interpreter_frame_method() : top.cb()->as_nmethod()->method();
1776     assert(m->is_object_wait0(), "");
1777     bci = 0;
1778     code_name = "";
1779   } else {
1780     assert(preempt_kind == Continuation::object_locker, "invalid preempt kind");
1781     assert(top.is_interpreted_frame(), "");
1782     m = top.interpreter_frame_method();
1783     Bytecode current_bytecode = Bytecode(m, top.interpreter_frame_bcp());
1784     Bytecodes::Code code = current_bytecode.code();
1785     assert(code == Bytecodes::Code::_new || code == Bytecodes::Code::_invokestatic ||
1786            (code == Bytecodes::Code::_getstatic || code == Bytecodes::Code::_putstatic), "invalid bytecode");
1787     bci = top.interpreter_frame_bci();
1788     code_name = Bytecodes::name(current_bytecode.code());
1789   }
1790   assert(bci >= 0 || m->is_synchronized(), "invalid bci:%d at method %s", bci, m->external_name());
1791 
1792   if (m_ptr != nullptr) {
1793     *m_ptr = m;
1794     *code_name_ptr = code_name;
1795     *bci_ptr = bci;
1796   }
1797 }
1798 
1799 static void log_preempt_after_freeze(const ContinuationWrapper& cont) {
1800   JavaThread* current = cont.thread();
1801   int64_t tid = current->monitor_owner_id();
1802 
1803   StackChunkFrameStream<ChunkFrames::Mixed> sfs(cont.tail());
1804   frame top_frame = sfs.to_frame();
1805   bool at_init = current->at_preemptable_init();
1806   bool at_enter = current->current_pending_monitor() != nullptr;
1807   bool at_wait = current->current_waiting_monitor() != nullptr;
1808   assert((at_enter && !at_wait) || (!at_enter && at_wait), "");
1809   Continuation::preempt_kind pk = at_init ? Continuation::object_locker : at_enter ? Continuation::monitorenter : Continuation::object_wait;
1810 
1811   Method* m = nullptr;
1812   const char* code_name = nullptr;
1813   int bci = InvalidFrameStateBci;
1814   verify_frame_kind(top_frame, pk, &m, &code_name, &bci, cont.tail());
1815   assert(m != nullptr && code_name != nullptr && bci != InvalidFrameStateBci, "should be set");
1816 
1817   ResourceMark rm(current);
1818   if (bci < 0) {
1819     log_trace(continuations, preempt)("Preempted " INT64_FORMAT " while synchronizing on %smethod %s", tid, m->is_native() ? "native " : "", m->external_name());
1820   } else if (m->is_object_wait0()) {
1821     log_trace(continuations, preempt)("Preempted " INT64_FORMAT " at native method %s", tid, m->external_name());
1822   } else {
1823     Klass* k = current->preempt_init_klass();
1824     assert(k != nullptr || !at_init, "");
1825     log_trace(continuations, preempt)("Preempted " INT64_FORMAT " at %s(bci:%d) in method %s %s%s", tid, code_name, bci,
1826             m->external_name(), at_init ? "trying to initialize klass " : "", at_init ? k->external_name() : "");
1827   }
1828 }
1829 #endif // ASSERT
1830 
1831 static inline freeze_result freeze_epilog(ContinuationWrapper& cont) {
1832   verify_continuation(cont.continuation());
1833   assert(!cont.is_empty(), "");
1834 
1835   log_develop_debug(continuations)("=== End of freeze cont ### #" INTPTR_FORMAT, cont.hash());
1836   return freeze_ok;
1837 }
1838 
1839 static freeze_result freeze_epilog(JavaThread* thread, ContinuationWrapper& cont, freeze_result res) {
1840   if (UNLIKELY(res != freeze_ok)) {
1841     JFR_ONLY(thread->set_last_freeze_fail_result(res);)
1842     verify_continuation(cont.continuation());
1843     log_develop_trace(continuations)("=== end of freeze (fail %d)", res);
1844     return res;
1845   }
1846 
1847   JVMTI_ONLY(jvmti_yield_cleanup(thread, cont)); // can safepoint
1848   return freeze_epilog(cont);
1849 }
1850 
1851 static freeze_result preempt_epilog(ContinuationWrapper& cont, freeze_result res, frame& old_last_frame) {
1852   if (UNLIKELY(res != freeze_ok)) {
1853     verify_continuation(cont.continuation());
1854     log_develop_trace(continuations)("=== end of freeze (fail %d)", res);
1855     return res;
1856   }
1857 
1858   // Set up things so that on return to Java we jump to preempt stub.
1859   patch_return_pc_with_preempt_stub(old_last_frame);
1860   cont.tail()->set_preempted(true);
1861   DEBUG_ONLY(log_preempt_after_freeze(cont);)
1862   return freeze_epilog(cont);
1863 }
1864 
1865 template<typename ConfigT, bool preempt>
1866 static inline freeze_result freeze_internal(JavaThread* current, intptr_t* const sp) {
1867   assert(!current->has_pending_exception(), "");
1868 
1869 #ifdef ASSERT
1870   log_trace(continuations)("~~~~ freeze sp: " INTPTR_FORMAT "JavaThread: " INTPTR_FORMAT, p2i(current->last_continuation()->entry_sp()), p2i(current));
1871   log_frames(current);
1872 #endif
1873 
1874   CONT_JFR_ONLY(EventContinuationFreeze event;)
1875 
1876   ContinuationEntry* entry = current->last_continuation();
1877 
1878   oop oopCont = entry->cont_oop(current);
1879   assert(oopCont == current->last_continuation()->cont_oop(current), "");
1880   assert(ContinuationEntry::assert_entry_frame_laid_out(current), "");
1881 
1882   verify_continuation(oopCont);
1883   ContinuationWrapper cont(current, oopCont);
1884   log_develop_debug(continuations)("FREEZE #" INTPTR_FORMAT " " INTPTR_FORMAT, cont.hash(), p2i((oopDesc*)oopCont));
1885 
1886   assert(entry->is_virtual_thread() == (entry->scope(current) == java_lang_VirtualThread::vthread_scope()), "");
1887 
1888   if (entry->is_pinned()) {
1889     log_develop_debug(continuations)("PINNED due to critical section");
1890     verify_continuation(cont.continuation());
1891     const freeze_result res = freeze_pinned_cs;
1892     if (!preempt) {
1893       JFR_ONLY(current->set_last_freeze_fail_result(res);)
1894     }
1895     log_develop_trace(continuations)("=== end of freeze (fail %d)", res);
1896     // Avoid Thread.yield() loops without safepoint polls.
1897     if (SafepointMechanism::should_process(current) && !preempt) {
1898       cont.done(); // allow safepoint
1899       ThreadInVMfromJava tivmfj(current);
1900     }
1901     return res;
1902   }
1903 
1904   Freeze<ConfigT> freeze(current, cont, sp, preempt);
1905 
1906   assert(!current->cont_fastpath() || freeze.check_valid_fast_path(), "");
1907   bool fast = UseContinuationFastPath && current->cont_fastpath();
1908   if (fast && freeze.size_if_fast_freeze_available() > 0) {
1909     freeze.freeze_fast_existing_chunk();
1910     CONT_JFR_ONLY(freeze.jfr_info().post_jfr_event(&event, oopCont, current);)
1911     return !preempt ? freeze_epilog(cont) : preempt_epilog(cont, freeze_ok, freeze.last_frame());
1912   }
1913 
1914   if (preempt) {
1915     JvmtiSampledObjectAllocEventCollector jsoaec(false);
1916     freeze.set_jvmti_event_collector(&jsoaec);
1917 
1918     freeze_result res = fast ? freeze.try_freeze_fast() : freeze.freeze_slow();
1919 
1920     CONT_JFR_ONLY(freeze.jfr_info().post_jfr_event(&event, oopCont, current);)
1921     preempt_epilog(cont, res, freeze.last_frame());
1922     return res;
1923   }
1924 
1925   log_develop_trace(continuations)("chunk unavailable; transitioning to VM");
1926   assert(current == JavaThread::current(), "must be current thread");
1927   JRT_BLOCK
1928     // delays a possible JvmtiSampledObjectAllocEventCollector in alloc_chunk
1929     JvmtiSampledObjectAllocEventCollector jsoaec(false);
1930     freeze.set_jvmti_event_collector(&jsoaec);
1931 
1932     freeze_result res = fast ? freeze.try_freeze_fast() : freeze.freeze_slow();
1933 
1934     CONT_JFR_ONLY(freeze.jfr_info().post_jfr_event(&event, oopCont, current);)
1935     freeze_epilog(current, cont, res);
1936     cont.done(); // allow safepoint in the transition back to Java
1937     return res;
1938   JRT_BLOCK_END
1939 }
1940 
1941 static freeze_result is_pinned0(JavaThread* thread, oop cont_scope, bool safepoint) {
1942   ContinuationEntry* entry = thread->last_continuation();
1943   if (entry == nullptr) {
1944     return freeze_ok;
1945   }
1946   if (entry->is_pinned()) {
1947     return freeze_pinned_cs;
1948   }
1949 
1950   RegisterMap map(thread,
1951                   RegisterMap::UpdateMap::include,
1952                   RegisterMap::ProcessFrames::skip,
1953                   RegisterMap::WalkContinuation::skip);
1954   map.set_include_argument_oops(false);
1955   frame f = thread->last_frame();
1956 
1957   if (!safepoint) {
1958     f = f.sender(&map); // this is the yield frame
1959   } else { // safepoint yield
1960 #if (defined(X86) || defined(AARCH64) || defined(RISCV64)) && !defined(ZERO)
1961     f.set_fp(f.real_fp()); // Instead of this, maybe in ContinuationWrapper::set_last_frame always use the real_fp?
1962 #else
1963     Unimplemented();
1964 #endif
1965     if (!Interpreter::contains(f.pc())) {
1966       assert(ContinuationHelper::Frame::is_stub(f.cb()), "must be");
1967       assert(f.oop_map() != nullptr, "must be");
1968       f.oop_map()->update_register_map(&f, &map); // we have callee-save registers in this case
1969     }
1970   }
1971 
1972   while (true) {
1973     if ((f.is_interpreted_frame() && f.interpreter_frame_method()->is_native()) || f.is_native_frame()) {
1974       return freeze_pinned_native;
1975     }
1976 
1977     f = f.sender(&map);
1978     if (!Continuation::is_frame_in_continuation(entry, f)) {
1979       oop scope = jdk_internal_vm_Continuation::scope(entry->cont_oop(thread));
1980       if (scope == cont_scope) {
1981         break;
1982       }
1983       entry = entry->parent();
1984       if (entry == nullptr) {
1985         break;
1986       }
1987       if (entry->is_pinned()) {
1988         return freeze_pinned_cs;
1989       }
1990     }
1991   }
1992   return freeze_ok;
1993 }
1994 
1995 /////////////// THAW ////
1996 
1997 static int thaw_size(stackChunkOop chunk) {
1998   int size = chunk->max_thawing_size();
1999   size += frame::metadata_words; // For the top pc+fp in push_return_frame or top = stack_sp - frame::metadata_words in thaw_fast
2000   size += 2*frame::align_wiggle; // in case of alignments at the top and bottom
2001   return size;
2002 }
2003 
2004 // make room on the stack for thaw
2005 // returns the size in bytes, or 0 on failure
2006 static inline int prepare_thaw_internal(JavaThread* thread, bool return_barrier) {
2007   log_develop_trace(continuations)("~~~~ prepare_thaw return_barrier: %d", return_barrier);
2008 
2009   assert(thread == JavaThread::current(), "");
2010 
2011   ContinuationEntry* ce = thread->last_continuation();
2012   assert(ce != nullptr, "");
2013   oop continuation = ce->cont_oop(thread);
2014   assert(continuation == get_continuation(thread), "");
2015   verify_continuation(continuation);
2016 
2017   stackChunkOop chunk = jdk_internal_vm_Continuation::tail(continuation);
2018   assert(chunk != nullptr, "");
2019 
2020   // The tail can be empty because it might still be available for another freeze.
2021   // However, here we want to thaw, so we get rid of it (it will be GCed).
2022   if (UNLIKELY(chunk->is_empty())) {
2023     chunk = chunk->parent();
2024     assert(chunk != nullptr, "");
2025     assert(!chunk->is_empty(), "");
2026     jdk_internal_vm_Continuation::set_tail(continuation, chunk);
2027   }
2028 
2029   // Verification
2030   chunk->verify();
2031   assert(chunk->max_thawing_size() > 0, "chunk invariant violated; expected to not be empty");
2032 
2033   // Only make space for the last chunk because we only thaw from the last chunk
2034   int size = thaw_size(chunk) << LogBytesPerWord;
2035 
2036   const address bottom = (address)thread->last_continuation()->entry_sp();
2037   // 300 is an estimate for stack size taken for this native code, in addition to StackShadowPages
2038   // for the Java frames in the check below.
2039   if (!stack_overflow_check(thread, size + 300, bottom)) {
2040     return 0;
2041   }
2042 
2043   log_develop_trace(continuations)("prepare_thaw bottom: " INTPTR_FORMAT " top: " INTPTR_FORMAT " size: %d",
2044                               p2i(bottom), p2i(bottom - size), size);
2045   return size;
2046 }
2047 
2048 class ThawBase : public StackObj {
2049 protected:
2050   JavaThread* _thread;
2051   ContinuationWrapper& _cont;
2052   CONT_JFR_ONLY(FreezeThawJfrInfo _jfr_info;)
2053 
2054   intptr_t* _fastpath;
2055   bool _barriers;
2056   bool _preempted_case;
2057   bool _process_args_at_top;
2058   intptr_t* _top_unextended_sp_before_thaw;
2059   int _align_size;
2060   DEBUG_ONLY(intptr_t* _top_stack_address);
2061 
2062   // Only used for preemption on ObjectLocker
2063   ObjectMonitor* _init_lock;
2064 
2065   StackChunkFrameStream<ChunkFrames::Mixed> _stream;
2066 
2067   NOT_PRODUCT(int _frames;)
2068 
2069 protected:
2070   ThawBase(JavaThread* thread, ContinuationWrapper& cont) :
2071       _thread(thread), _cont(cont),
2072       _fastpath(nullptr) {
2073     DEBUG_ONLY(_top_unextended_sp_before_thaw = nullptr;)
2074     assert (cont.tail() != nullptr, "no last chunk");
2075     DEBUG_ONLY(_top_stack_address = _cont.entrySP() - thaw_size(cont.tail());)
2076   }
2077 
2078   void clear_chunk(stackChunkOop chunk);
2079   template<bool check_stub>
2080   int remove_top_compiled_frame_from_chunk(stackChunkOop chunk, int &argsize);
2081   void copy_from_chunk(intptr_t* from, intptr_t* to, int size);
2082 
2083   void thaw_lockstack(stackChunkOop chunk);
2084 
2085   // fast path
2086   inline void prefetch_chunk_pd(void* start, int size_words);
2087   void patch_return(intptr_t* sp, bool is_last);
2088 
2089   intptr_t* handle_preempted_continuation(intptr_t* sp, Continuation::preempt_kind preempt_kind, bool fast_case);
2090   inline intptr_t* push_cleanup_continuation();
2091   inline intptr_t* push_preempt_adapter();
2092   intptr_t* redo_vmcall(JavaThread* current, frame& top);
2093   void throw_interrupted_exception(JavaThread* current, frame& top);
2094 
2095   void recurse_thaw(const frame& heap_frame, frame& caller, int num_frames, bool top_on_preempt_case);
2096   void finish_thaw(frame& f);
2097 
2098 private:
2099   template<typename FKind> bool recurse_thaw_java_frame(frame& caller, int num_frames);
2100   void finalize_thaw(frame& entry, int argsize);
2101 
2102   inline bool seen_by_gc();
2103 
2104   inline void before_thaw_java_frame(const frame& hf, const frame& caller, bool bottom, int num_frame);
2105   inline void after_thaw_java_frame(const frame& f, bool bottom);
2106   inline void patch(frame& f, const frame& caller, bool bottom);
2107   void clear_bitmap_bits(address start, address end);
2108 
2109   NOINLINE void recurse_thaw_interpreted_frame(const frame& hf, frame& caller, int num_frames, bool is_top);
2110   void recurse_thaw_compiled_frame(const frame& hf, frame& caller, int num_frames, bool stub_caller);
2111   void recurse_thaw_stub_frame(const frame& hf, frame& caller, int num_frames);
2112   void recurse_thaw_native_frame(const frame& hf, frame& caller, int num_frames);
2113 
2114   void push_return_frame(const frame& f);
2115   inline frame new_entry_frame();
2116   template<typename FKind> frame new_stack_frame(const frame& hf, frame& caller, bool bottom);
2117   inline void patch_pd(frame& f, const frame& sender);
2118   inline void patch_pd(frame& f, intptr_t* caller_sp);
2119   inline intptr_t* align(const frame& hf, intptr_t* frame_sp, frame& caller, bool bottom);
2120 
2121   void maybe_set_fastpath(intptr_t* sp) { if (sp > _fastpath) _fastpath = sp; }
2122 
2123   static inline void derelativize_interpreted_frame_metadata(const frame& hf, const frame& f);
2124 
2125  public:
2126   CONT_JFR_ONLY(FreezeThawJfrInfo& jfr_info() { return _jfr_info; })
2127 };
2128 
2129 template <typename ConfigT>
2130 class Thaw : public ThawBase {
2131 public:
2132   Thaw(JavaThread* thread, ContinuationWrapper& cont) : ThawBase(thread, cont) {}
2133 
2134   inline bool can_thaw_fast(stackChunkOop chunk) {
2135     return    !_barriers
2136            &&  _thread->cont_fastpath_thread_state()
2137            && !chunk->has_thaw_slowpath_condition()
2138            && !PreserveFramePointer;
2139   }
2140 
2141   inline intptr_t* thaw(Continuation::thaw_kind kind);
2142   template<bool check_stub = false>
2143   NOINLINE intptr_t* thaw_fast(stackChunkOop chunk);
2144   NOINLINE intptr_t* thaw_slow(stackChunkOop chunk, Continuation::thaw_kind kind);
2145   inline void patch_caller_links(intptr_t* sp, intptr_t* bottom);
2146 };
2147 
2148 template <typename ConfigT>
2149 inline intptr_t* Thaw<ConfigT>::thaw(Continuation::thaw_kind kind) {
2150   verify_continuation(_cont.continuation());
2151   assert(!jdk_internal_vm_Continuation::done(_cont.continuation()), "");
2152   assert(!_cont.is_empty(), "");
2153 
2154   stackChunkOop chunk = _cont.tail();
2155   assert(chunk != nullptr, "guaranteed by prepare_thaw");
2156   assert(!chunk->is_empty(), "guaranteed by prepare_thaw");
2157 
2158   _barriers = chunk->requires_barriers();
2159   return (LIKELY(can_thaw_fast(chunk))) ? thaw_fast(chunk)
2160                                         : thaw_slow(chunk, kind);
2161 }
2162 
2163 class ReconstructedStack : public StackObj {
2164   intptr_t* _base;  // _cont.entrySP(); // top of the entry frame
2165   int _thaw_size;
2166   int _argsize;
2167 public:
2168   ReconstructedStack(intptr_t* base, int thaw_size, int argsize)
2169   : _base(base), _thaw_size(thaw_size - (argsize == 0 ? frame::metadata_words_at_top : 0)), _argsize(argsize) {
2170     // The only possible source of misalignment is stack-passed arguments b/c compiled frames are 16-byte aligned.
2171     assert(argsize != 0 || (_base - _thaw_size) == ContinuationHelper::frame_align_pointer(_base - _thaw_size), "");
2172     // We're at most one alignment word away from entrySP
2173     assert(_base - 1 <= top() + total_size() + frame::metadata_words_at_bottom, "missed entry frame");
2174   }
2175 
2176   int entry_frame_extension() const { return _argsize + (_argsize > 0 ? frame::metadata_words_at_top : 0); }
2177 
2178   // top and bottom stack pointers
2179   intptr_t* sp() const { return ContinuationHelper::frame_align_pointer(_base - _thaw_size); }
2180   intptr_t* bottom_sp() const { return ContinuationHelper::frame_align_pointer(_base - entry_frame_extension()); }
2181 
2182   // several operations operate on the totality of the stack being reconstructed,
2183   // including the metadata words
2184   intptr_t* top() const { return sp() - frame::metadata_words_at_bottom;  }
2185   int total_size() const { return _thaw_size + frame::metadata_words_at_bottom; }
2186 };
2187 
2188 inline void ThawBase::clear_chunk(stackChunkOop chunk) {
2189   chunk->set_sp(chunk->bottom());
2190   chunk->set_max_thawing_size(0);
2191 }
2192 
2193 template<bool check_stub>
2194 int ThawBase::remove_top_compiled_frame_from_chunk(stackChunkOop chunk, int &argsize) {
2195   bool empty = false;
2196   StackChunkFrameStream<ChunkFrames::CompiledOnly> f(chunk);
2197   DEBUG_ONLY(intptr_t* const chunk_sp = chunk->start_address() + chunk->sp();)
2198   assert(chunk_sp == f.sp(), "");
2199   assert(chunk_sp == f.unextended_sp(), "");
2200 
2201   int frame_size = f.cb()->frame_size();
2202   argsize = f.stack_argsize();
2203 
2204   assert(!f.is_stub() || check_stub, "");
2205   if (check_stub && f.is_stub()) {
2206     // If we don't thaw the top compiled frame too, after restoring the saved
2207     // registers back in Java, we would hit the return barrier to thaw one more
2208     // frame effectively overwriting the restored registers during that call.
2209     f.next(SmallRegisterMap::instance_no_args(), true /* stop */);
2210     assert(!f.is_done(), "");
2211 
2212     f.get_cb();
2213     assert(f.is_compiled(), "");
2214     frame_size += f.cb()->frame_size();
2215     argsize = f.stack_argsize();
2216 
2217     if (f.cb()->as_nmethod()->is_marked_for_deoptimization()) {
2218       // The caller of the runtime stub when the continuation is preempted is not at a
2219       // Java call instruction, and so cannot rely on nmethod patching for deopt.
2220       log_develop_trace(continuations)("Deoptimizing runtime stub caller");
2221       f.to_frame().deoptimize(nullptr); // the null thread simply avoids the assertion in deoptimize which we're not set up for
2222     }
2223   }
2224 
2225   f.next(SmallRegisterMap::instance_no_args(), true /* stop */);
2226   empty = f.is_done();
2227   assert(!empty || argsize == chunk->argsize(), "");
2228 
2229   if (empty) {
2230     clear_chunk(chunk);
2231   } else {
2232     chunk->set_sp(chunk->sp() + frame_size);
2233     chunk->set_max_thawing_size(chunk->max_thawing_size() - frame_size);
2234     // We set chunk->pc to the return pc into the next frame
2235     chunk->set_pc(f.pc());
2236 #ifdef ASSERT
2237     {
2238       intptr_t* retaddr_slot = (chunk_sp
2239                                 + frame_size
2240                                 - frame::sender_sp_ret_address_offset());
2241       assert(f.pc() == ContinuationHelper::return_address_at(retaddr_slot),
2242              "unexpected pc");
2243     }
2244 #endif
2245   }
2246   assert(empty == chunk->is_empty(), "");
2247   // returns the size required to store the frame on stack, and because it is a
2248   // compiled frame, it must include a copy of the arguments passed by the caller
2249   return frame_size + argsize + frame::metadata_words_at_top;
2250 }
2251 
2252 void ThawBase::thaw_lockstack(stackChunkOop chunk) {
2253   int lockStackSize = chunk->lockstack_size();
2254   assert(lockStackSize > 0 && lockStackSize <= LockStack::CAPACITY, "");
2255 
2256   oop tmp_lockstack[LockStack::CAPACITY];
2257   chunk->transfer_lockstack(tmp_lockstack, _barriers);
2258   _thread->lock_stack().move_from_address(tmp_lockstack, lockStackSize);
2259 
2260   chunk->set_lockstack_size(0);
2261   chunk->set_has_lockstack(false);
2262 }
2263 
2264 void ThawBase::copy_from_chunk(intptr_t* from, intptr_t* to, int size) {
2265   assert(to >= _top_stack_address, "overwrote past thawing space"
2266     " to: " INTPTR_FORMAT " top_address: " INTPTR_FORMAT, p2i(to), p2i(_top_stack_address));
2267   assert(to + size <= _cont.entrySP(), "overwrote past thawing space");
2268   _cont.tail()->copy_from_chunk_to_stack(from, to, size);
2269   CONT_JFR_ONLY(_jfr_info.record_size_copied(size);)
2270 }
2271 
2272 void ThawBase::patch_return(intptr_t* sp, bool is_last) {
2273   log_develop_trace(continuations)("thaw_fast patching -- sp: " INTPTR_FORMAT, p2i(sp));
2274 
2275   address pc = !is_last ? StubRoutines::cont_returnBarrier() : _cont.entryPC();
2276   ContinuationHelper::patch_return_address_at(
2277     sp - frame::sender_sp_ret_address_offset(),
2278     pc);
2279 }
2280 
2281 template <typename ConfigT>
2282 template<bool check_stub>
2283 NOINLINE intptr_t* Thaw<ConfigT>::thaw_fast(stackChunkOop chunk) {
2284   assert(chunk == _cont.tail(), "");
2285   assert(!chunk->has_mixed_frames(), "");
2286   assert(!chunk->requires_barriers(), "");
2287   assert(!chunk->has_bitmap(), "");
2288   assert(!_thread->is_interp_only_mode(), "");
2289 
2290   LogTarget(Trace, continuations) lt;
2291   if (lt.develop_is_enabled()) {
2292     LogStream ls(lt);
2293     ls.print_cr("thaw_fast");
2294     chunk->print_on(true, &ls);
2295   }
2296 
2297   // Below this heuristic, we thaw the whole chunk, above it we thaw just one frame.
2298   static const int threshold = 500; // words
2299 
2300   const int full_chunk_size = chunk->stack_size() - chunk->sp(); // this initial size could be reduced if it's a partial thaw
2301   int argsize, thaw_size;
2302 
2303   intptr_t* const chunk_sp = chunk->start_address() + chunk->sp();
2304 
2305   bool partial, empty;
2306   if (LIKELY(!TEST_THAW_ONE_CHUNK_FRAME && (full_chunk_size < threshold))) {
2307     prefetch_chunk_pd(chunk->start_address(), full_chunk_size); // prefetch anticipating memcpy starting at highest address
2308 
2309     partial = false;
2310     argsize = chunk->argsize(); // must be called *before* clearing the chunk
2311     clear_chunk(chunk);
2312     thaw_size = full_chunk_size;
2313     empty = true;
2314   } else { // thaw a single frame
2315     partial = true;
2316     thaw_size = remove_top_compiled_frame_from_chunk<check_stub>(chunk, argsize);
2317     empty = chunk->is_empty();
2318   }
2319 
2320   // Are we thawing the last frame(s) in the continuation
2321   const bool is_last = empty && chunk->parent() == nullptr;
2322   assert(!is_last || argsize == 0, "");
2323 
2324   log_develop_trace(continuations)("thaw_fast partial: %d is_last: %d empty: %d size: %d argsize: %d entrySP: " PTR_FORMAT,
2325                               partial, is_last, empty, thaw_size, argsize, p2i(_cont.entrySP()));
2326 
2327   ReconstructedStack rs(_cont.entrySP(), thaw_size, argsize);
2328 
2329   // also copy metadata words at frame bottom
2330   copy_from_chunk(chunk_sp - frame::metadata_words_at_bottom, rs.top(), rs.total_size());
2331 
2332   // update the ContinuationEntry
2333   _cont.set_argsize(argsize);
2334   log_develop_trace(continuations)("setting entry argsize: %d", _cont.argsize());
2335   assert(rs.bottom_sp() == _cont.entry()->bottom_sender_sp(), "");
2336 
2337   // install the return barrier if not last frame, or the entry's pc if last
2338   patch_return(rs.bottom_sp(), is_last);
2339 
2340   // insert the back links from callee to caller frames
2341   patch_caller_links(rs.top(), rs.top() + rs.total_size());
2342 
2343   assert(is_last == _cont.is_empty(), "");
2344   assert(_cont.chunk_invariant(), "");
2345 
2346 #if CONT_JFR
2347   EventContinuationThawFast e;
2348   if (e.should_commit()) {
2349     e.set_id(cast_from_oop<u8>(chunk));
2350     e.set_size(thaw_size << LogBytesPerWord);
2351     e.set_full(!partial);
2352     e.commit();
2353   }
2354 #endif
2355 
2356 #ifdef ASSERT
2357   if (LoomDeoptAfterThaw) {
2358     frame top(rs.sp());
2359     AnchorMark am(_thread, top);
2360     log_frames(_thread);
2361     do_deopt_after_thaw(_thread);
2362   }
2363 #endif
2364 
2365   return rs.sp();
2366 }
2367 
2368 inline bool ThawBase::seen_by_gc() {
2369   return _barriers || _cont.tail()->is_gc_mode();
2370 }
2371 
2372 static inline void relativize_chunk_concurrently(stackChunkOop chunk) {
2373 #if INCLUDE_ZGC || INCLUDE_SHENANDOAHGC
2374   if (UseZGC || UseShenandoahGC) {
2375     chunk->relativize_derived_pointers_concurrently();
2376   }
2377 #endif
2378 }
2379 
2380 template <typename ConfigT>
2381 NOINLINE intptr_t* Thaw<ConfigT>::thaw_slow(stackChunkOop chunk, Continuation::thaw_kind kind) {
2382   Continuation::preempt_kind preempt_kind;
2383   bool retry_fast_path = false;
2384 
2385   _process_args_at_top = false;
2386   _preempted_case = chunk->preempted();
2387   if (_preempted_case) {
2388     ObjectMonitor* mon = nullptr;
2389     ObjectWaiter* waiter = java_lang_VirtualThread::objectWaiter(_thread->vthread());
2390     if (waiter != nullptr) {
2391       // Mounted again after preemption. Resume the pending monitor operation,
2392       // which will be either a monitorenter or Object.wait() call.
2393       mon = waiter->monitor();
2394       preempt_kind = waiter->is_wait() ? Continuation::object_wait : Continuation::monitorenter;
2395 
2396       bool mon_acquired = mon->resume_operation(_thread, waiter, _cont);
2397       assert(!mon_acquired || mon->has_owner(_thread), "invariant");
2398       if (!mon_acquired) {
2399         // Failed to acquire monitor. Return to enterSpecial to unmount again.
2400         log_develop_trace(continuations, preempt)("Failed to acquire monitor, unmounting again");
2401         return push_cleanup_continuation();
2402       }
2403       chunk = _cont.tail();  // reload oop in case of safepoint in resume_operation (if posting JVMTI events).
2404       JVMTI_ONLY(assert(_thread->contended_entered_monitor() == nullptr || _thread->contended_entered_monitor() == mon, ""));
2405     } else {
2406       // Preemption cancelled on moniterenter or ObjectLocker case. We
2407       // actually acquired the monitor after freezing all frames so no
2408       // need to call resume_operation. If this is the ObjectLocker case
2409       // we released the monitor already at ~ObjectLocker, so _init_lock
2410       // will be set to nullptr below since there is no monitor to release.
2411       preempt_kind = Continuation::monitorenter;
2412     }
2413 
2414     // Call this first to avoid racing with GC threads later when modifying the chunk flags.
2415     relativize_chunk_concurrently(chunk);
2416 
2417     if (chunk->at_klass_init()) {
2418       preempt_kind = Continuation::object_locker;
2419       chunk->set_at_klass_init(false);
2420       _process_args_at_top = chunk->has_args_at_top();
2421       if (_process_args_at_top) {
2422         // Only needed for the top frame which will be thawed.
2423         chunk->set_has_args_at_top(false);
2424       }
2425       assert(waiter == nullptr || mon != nullptr, "should have a monitor");
2426       _init_lock = mon;  // remember monitor since we will need it on handle_preempted_continuation()
2427     }
2428     chunk->set_preempted(false);
2429     retry_fast_path = true;
2430   } else {
2431     relativize_chunk_concurrently(chunk);
2432   }
2433 
2434   // On first thaw after freeze restore oops to the lockstack if any.
2435   assert(chunk->lockstack_size() == 0 || kind == Continuation::thaw_top, "");
2436   if (kind == Continuation::thaw_top && chunk->lockstack_size() > 0) {
2437     thaw_lockstack(chunk);
2438     retry_fast_path = true;
2439   }
2440 
2441   // Retry the fast path now that we possibly cleared the FLAG_HAS_LOCKSTACK
2442   // and FLAG_PREEMPTED flags from the stackChunk.
2443   if (retry_fast_path && can_thaw_fast(chunk)) {
2444     intptr_t* sp = thaw_fast<true>(chunk);
2445     if (_preempted_case) {
2446       return handle_preempted_continuation(sp, preempt_kind, true /* fast_case */);
2447     }
2448     return sp;
2449   }
2450 
2451   LogTarget(Trace, continuations) lt;
2452   if (lt.develop_is_enabled()) {
2453     LogStream ls(lt);
2454     ls.print_cr("thaw slow return_barrier: %d " INTPTR_FORMAT, kind, p2i(chunk));
2455     chunk->print_on(true, &ls);
2456   }
2457 
2458 #if CONT_JFR
2459   EventContinuationThawSlow e;
2460   if (e.should_commit()) {
2461     e.set_id(cast_from_oop<u8>(_cont.continuation()));
2462     e.commit();
2463   }
2464 #endif
2465 
2466   DEBUG_ONLY(_frames = 0;)
2467   _align_size = 0;
2468   int num_frames = kind == Continuation::thaw_top ? 2 : 1;
2469 
2470   _stream = StackChunkFrameStream<ChunkFrames::Mixed>(chunk);
2471   _top_unextended_sp_before_thaw = _stream.unextended_sp();
2472 
2473   frame heap_frame = _stream.to_frame();
2474   if (lt.develop_is_enabled()) {
2475     LogStream ls(lt);
2476     ls.print_cr("top hframe before (thaw):");
2477     assert(heap_frame.is_heap_frame(), "should have created a relative frame");
2478     heap_frame.print_value_on(&ls);
2479   }
2480 
2481   frame caller; // the thawed caller on the stack
2482   recurse_thaw(heap_frame, caller, num_frames, _preempted_case);
2483   finish_thaw(caller); // caller is now the topmost thawed frame
2484   _cont.write();
2485 
2486   assert(_cont.chunk_invariant(), "");
2487 
2488   JVMTI_ONLY(if (!_cont.entry()->is_virtual_thread()) invalidate_jvmti_stack(_thread));
2489 
2490   _thread->set_cont_fastpath(_fastpath);
2491 
2492   intptr_t* sp = caller.sp();
2493 
2494   if (_preempted_case) {
2495     return handle_preempted_continuation(sp, preempt_kind, false /* fast_case */);
2496   }
2497   return sp;
2498 }
2499 
2500 void ThawBase::recurse_thaw(const frame& heap_frame, frame& caller, int num_frames, bool top_on_preempt_case) {
2501   log_develop_debug(continuations)("thaw num_frames: %d", num_frames);
2502   assert(!_cont.is_empty(), "no more frames");
2503   assert(num_frames > 0, "");
2504   assert(!heap_frame.is_empty(), "");
2505 
2506   if (top_on_preempt_case && (heap_frame.is_native_frame() || heap_frame.is_runtime_frame())) {
2507     heap_frame.is_native_frame() ? recurse_thaw_native_frame(heap_frame, caller, 2) : recurse_thaw_stub_frame(heap_frame, caller, 2);
2508   } else if (!heap_frame.is_interpreted_frame()) {
2509     recurse_thaw_compiled_frame(heap_frame, caller, num_frames, false);
2510   } else {
2511     recurse_thaw_interpreted_frame(heap_frame, caller, num_frames, top_on_preempt_case);
2512   }
2513 }
2514 
2515 template<typename FKind>
2516 bool ThawBase::recurse_thaw_java_frame(frame& caller, int num_frames) {
2517   assert(num_frames > 0, "");
2518 
2519   DEBUG_ONLY(_frames++;)
2520 
2521   int argsize = _stream.stack_argsize();
2522 
2523   _stream.next(SmallRegisterMap::instance_no_args());
2524   assert(_stream.to_frame().is_empty() == _stream.is_done(), "");
2525 
2526   // we never leave a compiled caller of an interpreted frame as the top frame in the chunk
2527   // as it makes detecting that situation and adjusting unextended_sp tricky
2528   if (num_frames == 1 && !_stream.is_done() && FKind::interpreted && _stream.is_compiled()) {
2529     log_develop_trace(continuations)("thawing extra compiled frame to not leave a compiled interpreted-caller at top");
2530     num_frames++;
2531   }
2532 
2533   if (num_frames == 1 || _stream.is_done()) { // end recursion
2534     finalize_thaw(caller, FKind::interpreted ? 0 : argsize);
2535     return true; // bottom
2536   } else { // recurse
2537     recurse_thaw(_stream.to_frame(), caller, num_frames - 1, false /* top_on_preempt_case */);
2538     return false;
2539   }
2540 }
2541 
2542 void ThawBase::finalize_thaw(frame& entry, int argsize) {
2543   stackChunkOop chunk = _cont.tail();
2544 
2545   if (!_stream.is_done()) {
2546     assert(_stream.sp() >= chunk->sp_address(), "");
2547     chunk->set_sp(chunk->to_offset(_stream.sp()));
2548     chunk->set_pc(_stream.pc());
2549   } else {
2550     chunk->set_sp(chunk->bottom());
2551     chunk->set_pc(nullptr);
2552   }
2553   assert(_stream.is_done() == chunk->is_empty(), "");
2554 
2555   int total_thawed = pointer_delta_as_int(_stream.unextended_sp(), _top_unextended_sp_before_thaw);
2556   chunk->set_max_thawing_size(chunk->max_thawing_size() - total_thawed);
2557 
2558   _cont.set_argsize(argsize);
2559   entry = new_entry_frame();
2560 
2561   assert(entry.sp() == _cont.entrySP(), "");
2562   assert(Continuation::is_continuation_enterSpecial(entry), "");
2563   assert(_cont.is_entry_frame(entry), "");
2564 }
2565 
2566 inline void ThawBase::before_thaw_java_frame(const frame& hf, const frame& caller, bool bottom, int num_frame) {
2567   LogTarget(Trace, continuations) lt;
2568   if (lt.develop_is_enabled()) {
2569     LogStream ls(lt);
2570     ls.print_cr("======== THAWING FRAME: %d", num_frame);
2571     assert(hf.is_heap_frame(), "should be");
2572     hf.print_value_on(&ls);
2573   }
2574   assert(bottom == _cont.is_entry_frame(caller), "bottom: %d is_entry_frame: %d", bottom, _cont.is_entry_frame(hf));
2575 }
2576 
2577 inline void ThawBase::after_thaw_java_frame(const frame& f, bool bottom) {
2578 #ifdef ASSERT
2579   LogTarget(Trace, continuations) lt;
2580   if (lt.develop_is_enabled()) {
2581     LogStream ls(lt);
2582     ls.print_cr("thawed frame:");
2583     print_frame_layout(f, false, &ls); // f.print_on(&ls);
2584   }
2585 #endif
2586 }
2587 
2588 inline void ThawBase::patch(frame& f, const frame& caller, bool bottom) {
2589   assert(!bottom || caller.fp() == _cont.entryFP(), "");
2590   if (bottom) {
2591     ContinuationHelper::Frame::patch_pc(caller, _cont.is_empty() ? caller.pc()
2592                                                                  : StubRoutines::cont_returnBarrier());
2593   } else {
2594     // caller might have been deoptimized during thaw but we've overwritten the return address when copying f from the heap.
2595     // If the caller is not deoptimized, pc is unchanged.
2596     ContinuationHelper::Frame::patch_pc(caller, caller.raw_pc());
2597   }
2598 
2599   patch_pd(f, caller);
2600 
2601   if (f.is_interpreted_frame()) {
2602     ContinuationHelper::InterpretedFrame::patch_sender_sp(f, caller);
2603   }
2604 
2605   assert(!bottom || !_cont.is_empty() || Continuation::is_continuation_entry_frame(f, nullptr), "");
2606   assert(!bottom || (_cont.is_empty() != Continuation::is_cont_barrier_frame(f)), "");
2607 }
2608 
2609 void ThawBase::clear_bitmap_bits(address start, address end) {
2610   assert(is_aligned(start, wordSize), "should be aligned: " PTR_FORMAT, p2i(start));
2611   assert(is_aligned(end, VMRegImpl::stack_slot_size), "should be aligned: " PTR_FORMAT, p2i(end));
2612 
2613   // we need to clear the bits that correspond to arguments as they reside in the caller frame
2614   // or they will keep objects that are otherwise unreachable alive.
2615 
2616   // Align `end` if UseCompressedOops is not set to avoid UB when calculating the bit index, since
2617   // `end` could be at an odd number of stack slots from `start`, i.e might not be oop aligned.
2618   // If that's the case the bit range corresponding to the last stack slot should not have bits set
2619   // anyways and we assert that before returning.
2620   address effective_end = UseCompressedOops ? end : align_down(end, wordSize);
2621   log_develop_trace(continuations)("clearing bitmap for " INTPTR_FORMAT " - " INTPTR_FORMAT, p2i(start), p2i(effective_end));
2622   stackChunkOop chunk = _cont.tail();
2623   chunk->bitmap().clear_range(chunk->bit_index_for(start), chunk->bit_index_for(effective_end));
2624   assert(effective_end == end || !chunk->bitmap().at(chunk->bit_index_for(effective_end)), "bit should not be set");
2625 }
2626 
2627 intptr_t* ThawBase::handle_preempted_continuation(intptr_t* sp, Continuation::preempt_kind preempt_kind, bool fast_case) {
2628   frame top(sp);
2629   assert(top.pc() == *(address*)(sp - frame::sender_sp_ret_address_offset()), "");
2630   DEBUG_ONLY(verify_frame_kind(top, preempt_kind);)
2631   NOT_PRODUCT(int64_t tid = _thread->monitor_owner_id();)
2632 
2633   // Finish the VTMS transition.
2634   assert(_thread->is_in_vthread_transition(), "must be");
2635   bool is_vthread = Continuation::continuation_scope(_cont.continuation()) == java_lang_VirtualThread::vthread_scope();
2636   if (is_vthread) {
2637 #if INCLUDE_JVMTI
2638     if (MountUnmountDisabler::notify_jvmti_events()) {
2639       jvmti_mount_end(_thread, _cont, top, preempt_kind);
2640     } else
2641 #endif
2642     { // Faster version of MountUnmountDisabler::end_transition() to avoid
2643       // unnecessary extra instructions from jvmti_mount_end().
2644       java_lang_Thread::set_is_in_vthread_transition(_thread->vthread(), false);
2645       _thread->set_is_in_vthread_transition(false);
2646     }
2647   }
2648 
2649   if (fast_case) {
2650     // If we thawed in the slow path the runtime stub/native wrapper frame already
2651     // has the correct fp (see ThawBase::new_stack_frame). On the fast path though,
2652     // we copied the fp patched during freeze, which will now have to be fixed.
2653     assert(top.is_runtime_frame() || top.is_native_frame(), "");
2654     int fsize = top.cb()->frame_size();
2655     patch_pd(top, sp + fsize);
2656   }
2657 
2658   if (preempt_kind == Continuation::object_wait) {
2659     // Check now if we need to throw IE exception.
2660     bool throw_ie = _thread->pending_interrupted_exception();
2661     if (throw_ie) {
2662       throw_interrupted_exception(_thread, top);
2663       _thread->set_pending_interrupted_exception(false);
2664     }
2665     log_develop_trace(continuations, preempt)("Resuming " INT64_FORMAT" after preemption on Object.wait%s", tid, throw_ie ? "(throwing IE)" : "");
2666   } else if (preempt_kind == Continuation::monitorenter) {
2667     if (top.is_runtime_frame()) {
2668       // The continuation might now run on a different platform thread than the previous time so
2669       // we need to adjust the current thread saved in the stub frame before restoring registers.
2670       JavaThread** thread_addr = frame::saved_thread_address(top);
2671       if (thread_addr != nullptr) *thread_addr = _thread;
2672     }
2673     log_develop_trace(continuations, preempt)("Resuming " INT64_FORMAT " after preemption on monitorenter", tid);
2674   } else {
2675     // We need to redo the original call into the VM. First though, we need
2676     // to exit the monitor we just acquired (except on preemption cancelled
2677     // case where it was already released).
2678     assert(preempt_kind == Continuation::object_locker, "");
2679     if (_init_lock != nullptr) _init_lock->exit(_thread);
2680     sp = redo_vmcall(_thread, top);
2681   }
2682   return sp;
2683 }
2684 
2685 intptr_t* ThawBase::redo_vmcall(JavaThread* current, frame& top) {
2686   assert(!current->preempting(), "");
2687   NOT_PRODUCT(int64_t tid = current->monitor_owner_id();)
2688   intptr_t* sp = top.sp();
2689 
2690   {
2691     HandleMarkCleaner hmc(current);  // Cleanup all handles (including so._conth) before returning to Java.
2692     ContinuationWrapper::SafepointOp so(current, _cont);
2693     AnchorMark am(current, top);    // Set the anchor so that the stack is walkable.
2694 
2695     Method* m = top.interpreter_frame_method();
2696     Bytecode current_bytecode = Bytecode(m, top.interpreter_frame_bcp());
2697     Bytecodes::Code code = current_bytecode.code();
2698     log_develop_trace(continuations, preempt)("Redoing InterpreterRuntime::%s for " INT64_FORMAT, code == Bytecodes::Code::_new ? "_new" : "resolve_from_cache", tid);
2699 
2700     // These InterpreterRuntime entry points use JRT_ENTRY which uses a HandleMarkCleaner.
2701     // Create a HandeMark to avoid destroying so._conth.
2702     HandleMark hm(current);
2703     DEBUG_ONLY(JavaThread::AtRedoVMCall apvmc(current);)
2704     if (code == Bytecodes::Code::_new) {
2705       InterpreterRuntime::_new(current, m->constants(), current_bytecode.get_index_u2(code));
2706     } else {
2707       InterpreterRuntime::resolve_from_cache(current, code);
2708     }
2709   }
2710 
2711   if (current->preempting()) {
2712     // Preempted again so we just arrange to return to preempt stub to unmount.
2713     sp = push_preempt_adapter();
2714     current->set_preempt_alternate_return(nullptr);
2715     bool cancelled = current->preemption_cancelled();
2716     if (cancelled) {
2717       // Since preemption was cancelled, the thread will call thaw again from the preempt
2718       // stub. These retries could happen several times due to contention on the init_lock,
2719       // so just let the vthread umount to give a chance for other vthreads to run.
2720       current->set_preemption_cancelled(false);
2721       oop vthread = current->vthread();
2722       assert(java_lang_VirtualThread::state(vthread) == java_lang_VirtualThread::RUNNING, "wrong state for vthread");
2723       java_lang_VirtualThread::set_state(vthread, java_lang_VirtualThread::YIELDING);
2724 #if INCLUDE_JVMTI
2725       if (current->contended_entered_monitor() != nullptr) {
2726         current->set_contended_entered_monitor(nullptr);
2727       }
2728 #endif
2729     }
2730     log_develop_trace(continuations, preempt)("Preempted " INT64_FORMAT " again%s", tid, cancelled ? "(preemption cancelled, setting state to YIELDING)" : "");
2731   } else {
2732     log_develop_trace(continuations, preempt)("Call succesful, resuming " INT64_FORMAT, tid);
2733   }
2734   return sp;
2735 }
2736 
2737 void ThawBase::throw_interrupted_exception(JavaThread* current, frame& top) {
2738   HandleMarkCleaner hm(current);  // Cleanup all handles (including so._conth) before returning to Java.
2739   ContinuationWrapper::SafepointOp so(current, _cont);
2740   AnchorMark am(current, top);  // Set the anchor so that the stack is walkable.
2741   JRT_BLOCK
2742     THROW(vmSymbols::java_lang_InterruptedException());
2743   JRT_BLOCK_END
2744 }
2745 
2746 NOINLINE void ThawBase::recurse_thaw_interpreted_frame(const frame& hf, frame& caller, int num_frames, bool is_top) {
2747   assert(hf.is_interpreted_frame(), "");
2748 
2749   if (UNLIKELY(seen_by_gc())) {
2750     if (is_top && _process_args_at_top) {
2751       _cont.tail()->do_barriers<stackChunkOopDesc::BarrierType::Store>(_stream, SmallRegisterMap::instance_with_args());
2752     } else {
2753       _cont.tail()->do_barriers<stackChunkOopDesc::BarrierType::Store>(_stream, SmallRegisterMap::instance_no_args());
2754     }
2755   }
2756 
2757   const bool is_bottom_frame = recurse_thaw_java_frame<ContinuationHelper::InterpretedFrame>(caller, num_frames);
2758 
2759   DEBUG_ONLY(before_thaw_java_frame(hf, caller, is_bottom_frame, num_frames);)
2760 
2761   _align_size += frame::align_wiggle; // possible added alignment for internal interpreted frame alignment om AArch64
2762 
2763   frame f = new_stack_frame<ContinuationHelper::InterpretedFrame>(hf, caller, is_bottom_frame);
2764 
2765   intptr_t* const stack_frame_top = f.sp() + frame::metadata_words_at_top;
2766   intptr_t* const stack_frame_bottom = ContinuationHelper::InterpretedFrame::frame_bottom(f);
2767   intptr_t* const heap_frame_top = hf.unextended_sp() + frame::metadata_words_at_top;
2768   intptr_t* const heap_frame_bottom = ContinuationHelper::InterpretedFrame::frame_bottom(hf);
2769 
2770   assert(hf.is_heap_frame(), "should be");
2771   assert(!f.is_heap_frame(), "should not be");
2772 
2773   const int fsize = pointer_delta_as_int(heap_frame_bottom, heap_frame_top);
2774   assert((stack_frame_bottom == stack_frame_top + fsize), "");
2775 
2776   // Some architectures (like AArch64/PPC64/RISC-V) add padding between the locals and the fixed_frame to keep the fp 16-byte-aligned.
2777   // On those architectures we freeze the padding in order to keep the same fp-relative offsets in the fixed_frame.
2778   copy_from_chunk(heap_frame_top, stack_frame_top, fsize);
2779 
2780   // Make sure the relativized locals is already set.
2781   assert(f.interpreter_frame_local_at(0) == stack_frame_bottom - 1, "invalid frame bottom");
2782 
2783   derelativize_interpreted_frame_metadata(hf, f);
2784   patch(f, caller, is_bottom_frame);
2785 
2786   assert(f.is_interpreted_frame_valid(_cont.thread()), "invalid thawed frame");
2787   assert(stack_frame_bottom <= ContinuationHelper::Frame::frame_top(caller), "");
2788 
2789   CONT_JFR_ONLY(_jfr_info.record_interpreted_frame();)
2790 
2791   maybe_set_fastpath(f.sp());
2792 
2793   Method* m = hf.interpreter_frame_method();
2794   assert(!m->is_native() || !is_bottom_frame, "should be top frame of thaw_top case; missing caller frame");
2795   const int locals = m->max_locals();
2796 
2797   if (!is_bottom_frame) {
2798     // can only fix caller once this frame is thawed (due to callee saved regs)
2799     _cont.tail()->fix_thawed_frame(caller, SmallRegisterMap::instance_no_args());
2800   } else if (_cont.tail()->has_bitmap() && locals > 0) {
2801     assert(hf.is_heap_frame(), "should be");
2802     address start = (address)(heap_frame_bottom - locals);
2803     address end = (address)heap_frame_bottom;
2804     clear_bitmap_bits(start, end);
2805   }
2806 
2807   DEBUG_ONLY(after_thaw_java_frame(f, is_bottom_frame);)
2808   caller = f;
2809 }
2810 
2811 void ThawBase::recurse_thaw_compiled_frame(const frame& hf, frame& caller, int num_frames, bool stub_caller) {
2812   assert(hf.is_compiled_frame(), "");
2813   assert(_preempted_case || !stub_caller, "stub caller not at preemption");
2814 
2815   if (!stub_caller && UNLIKELY(seen_by_gc())) { // recurse_thaw_stub_frame already invoked our barriers with a full regmap
2816     _cont.tail()->do_barriers<stackChunkOopDesc::BarrierType::Store>(_stream, SmallRegisterMap::instance_no_args());
2817   }
2818 
2819   const bool is_bottom_frame = recurse_thaw_java_frame<ContinuationHelper::CompiledFrame>(caller, num_frames);
2820 
2821   DEBUG_ONLY(before_thaw_java_frame(hf, caller, is_bottom_frame, num_frames);)
2822 
2823   assert(caller.sp() == caller.unextended_sp(), "");
2824 
2825   if ((!is_bottom_frame && caller.is_interpreted_frame()) || (is_bottom_frame && Interpreter::contains(_cont.tail()->pc()))) {
2826     _align_size += frame::align_wiggle; // we add one whether or not we've aligned because we add it in recurse_freeze_compiled_frame
2827   }
2828 
2829   // new_stack_frame must construct the resulting frame using hf.pc() rather than hf.raw_pc() because the frame is not
2830   // yet laid out in the stack, and so the original_pc is not stored in it.
2831   // As a result, f.is_deoptimized_frame() is always false and we must test hf to know if the frame is deoptimized.
2832   frame f = new_stack_frame<ContinuationHelper::CompiledFrame>(hf, caller, is_bottom_frame);
2833   intptr_t* const stack_frame_top = f.sp();
2834   intptr_t* const heap_frame_top = hf.unextended_sp();
2835 
2836   const int added_argsize = (is_bottom_frame || caller.is_interpreted_frame()) ? hf.compiled_frame_stack_argsize() : 0;
2837   int fsize = ContinuationHelper::CompiledFrame::size(hf) + added_argsize;
2838   assert(fsize <= (int)(caller.unextended_sp() - f.unextended_sp()), "");
2839 
2840   intptr_t* from = heap_frame_top - frame::metadata_words_at_bottom;
2841   intptr_t* to   = stack_frame_top - frame::metadata_words_at_bottom;
2842   // copy metadata, except the metadata at the top of the (unextended) entry frame
2843   int sz = fsize + frame::metadata_words_at_bottom + (is_bottom_frame && added_argsize == 0 ? 0 : frame::metadata_words_at_top);
2844 
2845   // If we're the bottom-most thawed frame, we're writing to within one word from entrySP
2846   // (we might have one padding word for alignment)
2847   assert(!is_bottom_frame || (_cont.entrySP() - 1 <= to + sz && to + sz <= _cont.entrySP()), "");
2848   assert(!is_bottom_frame || hf.compiled_frame_stack_argsize() != 0 || (to + sz && to + sz == _cont.entrySP()), "");
2849 
2850   copy_from_chunk(from, to, sz); // copying good oops because we invoked barriers above
2851 
2852   patch(f, caller, is_bottom_frame);
2853 
2854   // f.is_deoptimized_frame() is always false and we must test hf.is_deoptimized_frame() (see comment above)
2855   assert(!f.is_deoptimized_frame(), "");
2856   if (hf.is_deoptimized_frame()) {
2857     maybe_set_fastpath(f.sp());
2858   } else if (_thread->is_interp_only_mode()
2859               || (stub_caller && f.cb()->as_nmethod()->is_marked_for_deoptimization())) {
2860     // The caller of the safepoint stub when the continuation is preempted is not at a call instruction, and so
2861     // cannot rely on nmethod patching for deopt.
2862     assert(_thread->is_interp_only_mode() || stub_caller, "expected a stub-caller");
2863 
2864     log_develop_trace(continuations)("Deoptimizing thawed frame");
2865     DEBUG_ONLY(ContinuationHelper::Frame::patch_pc(f, nullptr));
2866 
2867     f.deoptimize(nullptr); // the null thread simply avoids the assertion in deoptimize which we're not set up for
2868     assert(f.is_deoptimized_frame(), "");
2869     assert(ContinuationHelper::Frame::is_deopt_return(f.raw_pc(), f), "");
2870     maybe_set_fastpath(f.sp());
2871   }
2872 
2873   if (!is_bottom_frame) {
2874     // can only fix caller once this frame is thawed (due to callee saved regs); this happens on the stack
2875     _cont.tail()->fix_thawed_frame(caller, SmallRegisterMap::instance_no_args());
2876   } else if (_cont.tail()->has_bitmap() && added_argsize > 0) {
2877     address start = (address)(heap_frame_top + ContinuationHelper::CompiledFrame::size(hf) + frame::metadata_words_at_top);
2878     int stack_args_slots = f.cb()->as_nmethod()->num_stack_arg_slots(false /* rounded */);
2879     int argsize_in_bytes = stack_args_slots * VMRegImpl::stack_slot_size;
2880     clear_bitmap_bits(start, start + argsize_in_bytes);
2881   }
2882 
2883   DEBUG_ONLY(after_thaw_java_frame(f, is_bottom_frame);)
2884   caller = f;
2885 }
2886 
2887 void ThawBase::recurse_thaw_stub_frame(const frame& hf, frame& caller, int num_frames) {
2888   DEBUG_ONLY(_frames++;)
2889 
2890   if (UNLIKELY(seen_by_gc())) {
2891     // Process the stub's caller here since we might need the full map.
2892     RegisterMap map(nullptr,
2893                     RegisterMap::UpdateMap::include,
2894                     RegisterMap::ProcessFrames::skip,
2895                     RegisterMap::WalkContinuation::skip);
2896     map.set_include_argument_oops(false);
2897     _stream.next(&map);
2898     assert(!_stream.is_done(), "");
2899     _cont.tail()->do_barriers<stackChunkOopDesc::BarrierType::Store>(_stream, &map);
2900   } else {
2901     _stream.next(SmallRegisterMap::instance_no_args());
2902     assert(!_stream.is_done(), "");
2903   }
2904 
2905   recurse_thaw_compiled_frame(_stream.to_frame(), caller, num_frames, true);
2906 
2907   assert(caller.is_compiled_frame(), "");
2908   assert(caller.sp() == caller.unextended_sp(), "");
2909 
2910   DEBUG_ONLY(before_thaw_java_frame(hf, caller, false /*is_bottom_frame*/, num_frames);)
2911 
2912   frame f = new_stack_frame<ContinuationHelper::StubFrame>(hf, caller, false);
2913   intptr_t* stack_frame_top = f.sp();
2914   intptr_t* heap_frame_top = hf.sp();
2915   int fsize = ContinuationHelper::StubFrame::size(hf);
2916 
2917   copy_from_chunk(heap_frame_top - frame::metadata_words, stack_frame_top - frame::metadata_words,
2918                   fsize + frame::metadata_words);
2919 
2920   patch(f, caller, false /*is_bottom_frame*/);
2921 
2922   // can only fix caller once this frame is thawed (due to callee saved regs)
2923   RegisterMap map(nullptr,
2924                   RegisterMap::UpdateMap::include,
2925                   RegisterMap::ProcessFrames::skip,
2926                   RegisterMap::WalkContinuation::skip);
2927   map.set_include_argument_oops(false);
2928   f.oop_map()->update_register_map(&f, &map);
2929   ContinuationHelper::update_register_map_with_callee(caller, &map);
2930   _cont.tail()->fix_thawed_frame(caller, &map);
2931 
2932   DEBUG_ONLY(after_thaw_java_frame(f, false /*is_bottom_frame*/);)
2933   caller = f;
2934 }
2935 
2936 void ThawBase::recurse_thaw_native_frame(const frame& hf, frame& caller, int num_frames) {
2937   assert(hf.is_native_frame(), "");
2938   assert(_preempted_case && hf.cb()->as_nmethod()->method()->is_object_wait0(), "");
2939 
2940   if (UNLIKELY(seen_by_gc())) { // recurse_thaw_stub_frame already invoked our barriers with a full regmap
2941     _cont.tail()->do_barriers<stackChunkOopDesc::BarrierType::Store>(_stream, SmallRegisterMap::instance_no_args());
2942   }
2943 
2944   const bool is_bottom_frame = recurse_thaw_java_frame<ContinuationHelper::NativeFrame>(caller, num_frames);
2945   assert(!is_bottom_frame, "");
2946 
2947   DEBUG_ONLY(before_thaw_java_frame(hf, caller, is_bottom_frame, num_frames);)
2948 
2949   assert(caller.sp() == caller.unextended_sp(), "");
2950 
2951   if (caller.is_interpreted_frame()) {
2952     _align_size += frame::align_wiggle; // we add one whether or not we've aligned because we add it in recurse_freeze_native_frame
2953   }
2954 
2955   // new_stack_frame must construct the resulting frame using hf.pc() rather than hf.raw_pc() because the frame is not
2956   // yet laid out in the stack, and so the original_pc is not stored in it.
2957   // As a result, f.is_deoptimized_frame() is always false and we must test hf to know if the frame is deoptimized.
2958   frame f = new_stack_frame<ContinuationHelper::NativeFrame>(hf, caller, false /* bottom */);
2959   intptr_t* const stack_frame_top = f.sp();
2960   intptr_t* const heap_frame_top = hf.unextended_sp();
2961 
2962   int fsize = ContinuationHelper::NativeFrame::size(hf);
2963   assert(fsize <= (int)(caller.unextended_sp() - f.unextended_sp()), "");
2964 
2965   intptr_t* from = heap_frame_top - frame::metadata_words_at_bottom;
2966   intptr_t* to   = stack_frame_top - frame::metadata_words_at_bottom;
2967   int sz = fsize + frame::metadata_words_at_bottom;
2968 
2969   copy_from_chunk(from, to, sz); // copying good oops because we invoked barriers above
2970 
2971   patch(f, caller, false /* bottom */);
2972 
2973   // f.is_deoptimized_frame() is always false and we must test hf.is_deoptimized_frame() (see comment above)
2974   assert(!f.is_deoptimized_frame(), "");
2975   assert(!hf.is_deoptimized_frame(), "");
2976   assert(!f.cb()->as_nmethod()->is_marked_for_deoptimization(), "");
2977 
2978   // can only fix caller once this frame is thawed (due to callee saved regs); this happens on the stack
2979   _cont.tail()->fix_thawed_frame(caller, SmallRegisterMap::instance_no_args());
2980 
2981   DEBUG_ONLY(after_thaw_java_frame(f, false /* bottom */);)
2982   caller = f;
2983 }
2984 
2985 void ThawBase::finish_thaw(frame& f) {
2986   stackChunkOop chunk = _cont.tail();
2987 
2988   if (chunk->is_empty()) {
2989     // Only remove chunk from list if it can't be reused for another freeze
2990     if (seen_by_gc()) {
2991       _cont.set_tail(chunk->parent());
2992     } else {
2993       chunk->set_has_mixed_frames(false);
2994     }
2995     chunk->set_max_thawing_size(0);
2996   } else {
2997     chunk->set_max_thawing_size(chunk->max_thawing_size() - _align_size);
2998   }
2999   assert(chunk->is_empty() == (chunk->max_thawing_size() == 0), "");
3000 
3001   if (!is_aligned(f.sp(), frame::frame_alignment)) {
3002     assert(f.is_interpreted_frame(), "");
3003     f.set_sp(align_down(f.sp(), frame::frame_alignment));
3004   }
3005   push_return_frame(f);
3006    // can only fix caller after push_return_frame (due to callee saved regs)
3007   if (_process_args_at_top) {
3008     chunk->fix_thawed_frame(f, SmallRegisterMap::instance_with_args());
3009   } else {
3010     chunk->fix_thawed_frame(f, SmallRegisterMap::instance_no_args());
3011   }
3012 
3013   assert(_cont.is_empty() == _cont.last_frame().is_empty(), "");
3014 
3015   log_develop_trace(continuations)("thawed %d frames", _frames);
3016 
3017   LogTarget(Trace, continuations) lt;
3018   if (lt.develop_is_enabled()) {
3019     LogStream ls(lt);
3020     ls.print_cr("top hframe after (thaw):");
3021     _cont.last_frame().print_value_on(&ls);
3022   }
3023 }
3024 
3025 void ThawBase::push_return_frame(const frame& f) { // see generate_cont_thaw
3026   assert(!f.is_compiled_frame() || f.is_deoptimized_frame() == f.cb()->as_nmethod()->is_deopt_pc(f.raw_pc()), "");
3027   assert(!f.is_compiled_frame() || f.is_deoptimized_frame() == (f.pc() != f.raw_pc()), "");
3028 
3029   LogTarget(Trace, continuations) lt;
3030   if (lt.develop_is_enabled()) {
3031     LogStream ls(lt);
3032     ls.print_cr("push_return_frame");
3033     f.print_value_on(&ls);
3034   }
3035 
3036   assert(f.sp() - frame::metadata_words_at_bottom >= _top_stack_address, "overwrote past thawing space"
3037     " to: " INTPTR_FORMAT " top_address: " INTPTR_FORMAT, p2i(f.sp() - frame::metadata_words), p2i(_top_stack_address));
3038   ContinuationHelper::Frame::patch_pc(f, f.raw_pc()); // in case we want to deopt the frame in a full transition, this is checked.
3039   ContinuationHelper::push_pd(f);
3040 
3041   assert(ContinuationHelper::Frame::assert_frame_laid_out(f), "");
3042 }
3043 
3044 // returns new top sp
3045 // called after preparations (stack overflow check and making room)
3046 template<typename ConfigT>
3047 static inline intptr_t* thaw_internal(JavaThread* thread, const Continuation::thaw_kind kind) {
3048   assert(thread == JavaThread::current(), "Must be current thread");
3049 
3050   CONT_JFR_ONLY(EventContinuationThaw event;)
3051 
3052   log_develop_trace(continuations)("~~~~ thaw kind: %d sp: " INTPTR_FORMAT, kind, p2i(thread->last_continuation()->entry_sp()));
3053 
3054   ContinuationEntry* entry = thread->last_continuation();
3055   assert(entry != nullptr, "");
3056   oop oopCont = entry->cont_oop(thread);
3057 
3058   assert(!jdk_internal_vm_Continuation::done(oopCont), "");
3059   assert(oopCont == get_continuation(thread), "");
3060   verify_continuation(oopCont);
3061 
3062   assert(entry->is_virtual_thread() == (entry->scope(thread) == java_lang_VirtualThread::vthread_scope()), "");
3063 
3064   ContinuationWrapper cont(thread, oopCont);
3065   log_develop_debug(continuations)("THAW #" INTPTR_FORMAT " " INTPTR_FORMAT, cont.hash(), p2i((oopDesc*)oopCont));
3066 
3067 #ifdef ASSERT
3068   set_anchor_to_entry(thread, cont.entry());
3069   log_frames(thread);
3070   clear_anchor(thread);
3071 #endif
3072 
3073   Thaw<ConfigT> thw(thread, cont);
3074   intptr_t* const sp = thw.thaw(kind);
3075   assert(is_aligned(sp, frame::frame_alignment), "");
3076   DEBUG_ONLY(log_frames_after_thaw(thread, cont, sp);)
3077 
3078   CONT_JFR_ONLY(thw.jfr_info().post_jfr_event(&event, cont.continuation(), thread);)
3079 
3080   verify_continuation(cont.continuation());
3081   log_develop_debug(continuations)("=== End of thaw #" INTPTR_FORMAT, cont.hash());
3082 
3083   return sp;
3084 }
3085 
3086 #ifdef ASSERT
3087 static void do_deopt_after_thaw(JavaThread* thread) {
3088   int i = 0;
3089   StackFrameStream fst(thread, true, false);
3090   fst.register_map()->set_include_argument_oops(false);
3091   ContinuationHelper::update_register_map_with_callee(*fst.current(), fst.register_map());
3092   for (; !fst.is_done(); fst.next()) {
3093     if (fst.current()->cb()->is_nmethod()) {
3094       nmethod* nm = fst.current()->cb()->as_nmethod();
3095       if (!nm->method()->is_continuation_native_intrinsic()) {
3096         nm->make_deoptimized();
3097       }
3098     }
3099   }
3100 }
3101 
3102 class ThawVerifyOopsClosure: public OopClosure {
3103   intptr_t* _p;
3104   outputStream* _st;
3105   bool is_good_oop(oop o) {
3106     return dbg_is_safe(o, -1) && dbg_is_safe(o->klass(), -1) && oopDesc::is_oop(o) && o->klass()->is_klass();
3107   }
3108 public:
3109   ThawVerifyOopsClosure(outputStream* st) : _p(nullptr), _st(st) {}
3110   intptr_t* p() { return _p; }
3111   void reset() { _p = nullptr; }
3112 
3113   virtual void do_oop(oop* p) {
3114     oop o = *p;
3115     if (o == nullptr || is_good_oop(o)) {
3116       return;
3117     }
3118     _p = (intptr_t*)p;
3119     _st->print_cr("*** non-oop " PTR_FORMAT " found at " PTR_FORMAT, p2i(*p), p2i(p));
3120   }
3121   virtual void do_oop(narrowOop* p) {
3122     oop o = RawAccess<>::oop_load(p);
3123     if (o == nullptr || is_good_oop(o)) {
3124       return;
3125     }
3126     _p = (intptr_t*)p;
3127     _st->print_cr("*** (narrow) non-oop %x found at " PTR_FORMAT, (int)(*p), p2i(p));
3128   }
3129 };
3130 
3131 static bool do_verify_after_thaw(JavaThread* thread, stackChunkOop chunk, outputStream* st) {
3132   assert(thread->has_last_Java_frame(), "");
3133 
3134   ResourceMark rm;
3135   ThawVerifyOopsClosure cl(st);
3136   NMethodToOopClosure cf(&cl, false);
3137 
3138   StackFrameStream fst(thread, true, false);
3139   fst.register_map()->set_include_argument_oops(false);
3140   ContinuationHelper::update_register_map_with_callee(*fst.current(), fst.register_map());
3141   for (; !fst.is_done() && !Continuation::is_continuation_enterSpecial(*fst.current()); fst.next()) {
3142     if (fst.current()->cb()->is_nmethod() && fst.current()->cb()->as_nmethod()->is_marked_for_deoptimization()) {
3143       st->print_cr(">>> do_verify_after_thaw deopt");
3144       fst.current()->deoptimize(nullptr);
3145       fst.current()->print_on(st);
3146     }
3147 
3148     fst.current()->oops_do(&cl, &cf, fst.register_map());
3149     if (cl.p() != nullptr) {
3150       frame fr = *fst.current();
3151       st->print_cr("Failed for frame barriers: %d",chunk->requires_barriers());
3152       fr.print_on(st);
3153       if (!fr.is_interpreted_frame()) {
3154         st->print_cr("size: %d argsize: %d",
3155                      ContinuationHelper::NonInterpretedUnknownFrame::size(fr),
3156                      ContinuationHelper::NonInterpretedUnknownFrame::stack_argsize(fr));
3157       }
3158       VMReg reg = fst.register_map()->find_register_spilled_here(cl.p(), fst.current()->sp());
3159       if (reg != nullptr) {
3160         st->print_cr("Reg %s %d", reg->name(), reg->is_stack() ? (int)reg->reg2stack() : -99);
3161       }
3162       cl.reset();
3163       DEBUG_ONLY(thread->print_frame_layout();)
3164       if (chunk != nullptr) {
3165         chunk->print_on(true, st);
3166       }
3167       return false;
3168     }
3169   }
3170   return true;
3171 }
3172 
3173 static void log_frames(JavaThread* thread) {
3174   const static int show_entry_callers = 3;
3175   LogTarget(Trace, continuations) lt;
3176   if (!lt.develop_is_enabled()) {
3177     return;
3178   }
3179   LogStream ls(lt);
3180 
3181   ls.print_cr("------- frames --------- for thread " INTPTR_FORMAT, p2i(thread));
3182   if (!thread->has_last_Java_frame()) {
3183     ls.print_cr("NO ANCHOR!");
3184   }
3185 
3186   RegisterMap map(thread,
3187                   RegisterMap::UpdateMap::include,
3188                   RegisterMap::ProcessFrames::include,
3189                   RegisterMap::WalkContinuation::skip);
3190   map.set_include_argument_oops(false);
3191 
3192   if (false) {
3193     for (frame f = thread->last_frame(); !f.is_entry_frame(); f = f.sender(&map)) {
3194       f.print_on(&ls);
3195     }
3196   } else {
3197     map.set_skip_missing(true);
3198     ResetNoHandleMark rnhm;
3199     ResourceMark rm;
3200     HandleMark hm(Thread::current());
3201     FrameValues values;
3202 
3203     int i = 0;
3204     int post_entry = -1;
3205     for (frame f = thread->last_frame(); !f.is_first_frame(); f = f.sender(&map), i++) {
3206       f.describe(values, i, &map, i == 0);
3207       if (post_entry >= 0 || Continuation::is_continuation_enterSpecial(f))
3208         post_entry++;
3209       if (post_entry >= show_entry_callers)
3210         break;
3211     }
3212     values.print_on(thread, &ls);
3213   }
3214 
3215   ls.print_cr("======= end frames =========");
3216 }
3217 
3218 static void log_frames_after_thaw(JavaThread* thread, ContinuationWrapper& cont, intptr_t* sp) {
3219   intptr_t* sp0 = sp;
3220   address pc0 = *(address*)(sp - frame::sender_sp_ret_address_offset());
3221 
3222   bool preempted = false;
3223   stackChunkOop tail = cont.tail();
3224   if (tail != nullptr && tail->preempted()) {
3225     // Still preempted (monitor not acquired) so no frames were thawed.
3226     set_anchor(thread, cont.entrySP(), cont.entryPC());
3227     preempted = true;
3228   } else {
3229     set_anchor(thread, sp0);
3230   }
3231 
3232   log_frames(thread);
3233   if (LoomVerifyAfterThaw) {
3234     assert(do_verify_after_thaw(thread, cont.tail(), tty), "");
3235   }
3236   assert(preempted || ContinuationEntry::assert_entry_frame_laid_out(thread), "");
3237   clear_anchor(thread);
3238 
3239   LogTarget(Trace, continuations) lt;
3240   if (lt.develop_is_enabled()) {
3241     LogStream ls(lt);
3242     ls.print_cr("Jumping to frame (thaw):");
3243     frame(sp).print_value_on(&ls);
3244   }
3245 }
3246 #endif // ASSERT
3247 
3248 #include CPU_HEADER_INLINE(continuationFreezeThaw)
3249 
3250 #ifdef ASSERT
3251 static void print_frame_layout(const frame& f, bool callee_complete, outputStream* st) {
3252   ResourceMark rm;
3253   FrameValues values;
3254   assert(f.get_cb() != nullptr, "");
3255   RegisterMap map(f.is_heap_frame() ?
3256                     nullptr :
3257                     JavaThread::current(),
3258                   RegisterMap::UpdateMap::include,
3259                   RegisterMap::ProcessFrames::skip,
3260                   RegisterMap::WalkContinuation::skip);
3261   map.set_include_argument_oops(false);
3262   map.set_skip_missing(true);
3263   if (callee_complete) {
3264     frame::update_map_with_saved_link(&map, ContinuationHelper::Frame::callee_link_address(f));
3265   }
3266   const_cast<frame&>(f).describe(values, 0, &map, true);
3267   values.print_on(static_cast<JavaThread*>(nullptr), st);
3268 }
3269 #endif
3270 
3271 static address thaw_entry   = nullptr;
3272 static address freeze_entry = nullptr;
3273 static address freeze_preempt_entry = nullptr;
3274 
3275 address Continuation::thaw_entry() {
3276   return ::thaw_entry;
3277 }
3278 
3279 address Continuation::freeze_entry() {
3280   return ::freeze_entry;
3281 }
3282 
3283 address Continuation::freeze_preempt_entry() {
3284   return ::freeze_preempt_entry;
3285 }
3286 
3287 class ConfigResolve {
3288 public:
3289   static void resolve() { resolve_compressed(); }
3290 
3291   static void resolve_compressed() {
3292     UseCompressedOops ? resolve_gc<true>()
3293                       : resolve_gc<false>();
3294   }
3295 
3296 private:
3297   template <bool use_compressed>
3298   static void resolve_gc() {
3299     BarrierSet* bs = BarrierSet::barrier_set();
3300     assert(bs != nullptr, "freeze/thaw invoked before BarrierSet is set");
3301     switch (bs->kind()) {
3302 #define BARRIER_SET_RESOLVE_BARRIER_CLOSURE(bs_name)                    \
3303       case BarrierSet::bs_name: {                                       \
3304         resolve<use_compressed, typename BarrierSet::GetType<BarrierSet::bs_name>::type>(); \
3305       }                                                                 \
3306         break;
3307       FOR_EACH_BARRIER_SET_DO(BARRIER_SET_RESOLVE_BARRIER_CLOSURE)
3308 #undef BARRIER_SET_RESOLVE_BARRIER_CLOSURE
3309 
3310     default:
3311       fatal("BarrierSet resolving not implemented");
3312     };
3313   }
3314 
3315   template <bool use_compressed, typename BarrierSetT>
3316   static void resolve() {
3317     typedef Config<use_compressed ? oop_kind::NARROW : oop_kind::WIDE, BarrierSetT> SelectedConfigT;
3318 
3319     freeze_entry = (address)freeze<SelectedConfigT>;
3320     freeze_preempt_entry = (address)SelectedConfigT::freeze_preempt;
3321 
3322     // If we wanted, we could templatize by kind and have three different thaw entries
3323     thaw_entry   = (address)thaw<SelectedConfigT>;
3324   }
3325 };
3326 
3327 void Continuation::init() {
3328   ConfigResolve::resolve();
3329 }