1 /*
2 * Copyright (c) 1997, 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
3 * Copyright (c) 2021, Azul Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
4 * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
5 *
6 * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
7 * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
8 * published by the Free Software Foundation.
9 *
10 * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
11 * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
12 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License
13 * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
14 * accompanied this code).
15 *
16 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
17 * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
18 * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
19 *
20 * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
21 * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
22 * questions.
23 *
24 */
25
26 #include "precompiled.hpp"
27 #include "classfile/vmSymbols.hpp"
28 #include "code/nmethod.hpp"
29 #include "compiler/compilationPolicy.hpp"
30 #include "compiler/compileBroker.hpp"
31 #include "interpreter/interpreter.hpp"
32 #include "interpreter/linkResolver.hpp"
33 #include "memory/universe.hpp"
34 #include "oops/method.inline.hpp"
35 #include "oops/oop.inline.hpp"
36 #include "oops/inlineKlass.hpp"
37 #include "prims/jniCheck.hpp"
38 #include "prims/jvmtiExport.hpp"
39 #include "runtime/handles.inline.hpp"
40 #include "runtime/interfaceSupport.inline.hpp"
41 #include "runtime/javaCalls.hpp"
42 #include "runtime/javaThread.hpp"
43 #include "runtime/jniHandles.inline.hpp"
44 #include "runtime/mutexLocker.hpp"
45 #include "runtime/os.inline.hpp"
46 #include "runtime/sharedRuntime.hpp"
47 #include "runtime/signature.hpp"
48 #include "runtime/stubRoutines.hpp"
49 #include "runtime/thread.inline.hpp"
50 #if INCLUDE_JVMCI
51 #include "jvmci/jvmciJavaClasses.hpp"
52 #endif
53
54 // -----------------------------------------------------
55 // Implementation of JavaCallWrapper
56
57 JavaCallWrapper::JavaCallWrapper(const methodHandle& callee_method, Handle receiver, JavaValue* result, TRAPS) {
58 JavaThread* thread = THREAD;
59
60 guarantee(thread->is_Java_thread(), "crucial check - the VM thread cannot and must not escape to Java code");
61 assert(!thread->owns_locks(), "must release all locks when leaving VM");
62 guarantee(thread->can_call_java(), "cannot make java calls from the native compiler");
63 _result = result;
64
65 // Allocate handle block for Java code. This must be done before we change thread_state to _thread_in_Java_or_stub,
66 // since it can potentially block.
67 JNIHandleBlock* new_handles = JNIHandleBlock::allocate_block(thread);
68
69 // clear any pending exception in thread (native calls start with no exception pending)
70 thread->clear_pending_exception();
71
72 // After this, we are official in JavaCode. This needs to be done before we change any of the thread local
73 // info, since we cannot find oops before the new information is set up completely.
74 ThreadStateTransition::transition_from_vm(thread, _thread_in_Java, true /* check_asyncs */);
75
76 // Make sure to set the oop's after the thread transition - since we can block there. No one is GC'ing
77 // the JavaCallWrapper before the entry frame is on the stack.
78 _callee_method = callee_method();
79 _receiver = receiver();
80
81 #ifdef CHECK_UNHANDLED_OOPS
82 THREAD->allow_unhandled_oop(&_receiver);
83 #endif // CHECK_UNHANDLED_OOPS
84
85 _thread = thread;
86 _handles = _thread->active_handles(); // save previous handle block & Java frame linkage
87
88 // For the profiler, the last_Java_frame information in thread must always be in
89 // legal state. We have no last Java frame if last_Java_sp == nullptr so
90 // the valid transition is to clear _last_Java_sp and then reset the rest of
91 // the (platform specific) state.
92
93 _anchor.copy(_thread->frame_anchor());
94 _thread->frame_anchor()->clear();
95
96 debug_only(_thread->inc_java_call_counter());
97 _thread->set_active_handles(new_handles); // install new handle block and reset Java frame linkage
98
99 MACOS_AARCH64_ONLY(_thread->enable_wx(WXExec));
100 }
101
102
103 JavaCallWrapper::~JavaCallWrapper() {
104 assert(_thread == JavaThread::current(), "must still be the same thread");
105
106 MACOS_AARCH64_ONLY(_thread->enable_wx(WXWrite));
107
108 // restore previous handle block & Java frame linkage
109 JNIHandleBlock *_old_handles = _thread->active_handles();
110 _thread->set_active_handles(_handles);
111
112 _thread->frame_anchor()->zap();
113
114 debug_only(_thread->dec_java_call_counter());
115
116 // Old thread-local info. has been restored. We are not back in the VM.
117 ThreadStateTransition::transition_from_java(_thread, _thread_in_vm);
118
119 // State has been restored now make the anchor frame visible for the profiler.
120 // Do this after the transition because this allows us to put an assert
121 // the Java->vm transition which checks to see that stack is not walkable
122 // on sparc/ia64 which will catch violations of the resetting of last_Java_frame
123 // invariants (i.e. _flags always cleared on return to Java)
124
125 _thread->frame_anchor()->copy(&_anchor);
126
127 // Release handles after we are marked as being inside the VM again, since this
128 // operation might block
129 JNIHandleBlock::release_block(_old_handles, _thread);
130
131 if (_thread->has_pending_exception() && _thread->has_last_Java_frame()) {
132 // If we get here, the Java code threw an exception that unwound a frame.
133 // It could be that the new frame anchor has not passed through the required
134 // StackWatermark barriers. Therefore, we process any such deferred unwind
135 // requests here.
136 StackWatermarkSet::after_unwind(_thread);
137 }
138 }
139
140
141 void JavaCallWrapper::oops_do(OopClosure* f) {
142 f->do_oop((oop*)&_receiver);
143 handles()->oops_do(f);
144 }
145
146
147 // Helper methods
148 static BasicType runtime_type_from(JavaValue* result) {
149 switch (result->get_type()) {
150 case T_BOOLEAN : // fall through
151 case T_CHAR : // fall through
152 case T_SHORT : // fall through
153 case T_INT : // fall through
154 #ifndef _LP64
155 case T_OBJECT : // fall through
156 case T_ARRAY : // fall through
157 case T_PRIMITIVE_OBJECT: // fall through
158 #endif
159 case T_BYTE : // fall through
160 case T_VOID : return T_INT;
161 case T_LONG : return T_LONG;
162 case T_FLOAT : return T_FLOAT;
163 case T_DOUBLE : return T_DOUBLE;
164 #ifdef _LP64
165 case T_ARRAY : // fall through
166 case T_OBJECT : return T_OBJECT;
167 #endif
168 default:
169 ShouldNotReachHere();
170 return T_ILLEGAL;
171 }
172 }
173
174 // ============ Virtual calls ============
175
176 void JavaCalls::call_virtual(JavaValue* result, Klass* spec_klass, Symbol* name, Symbol* signature, JavaCallArguments* args, TRAPS) {
177 CallInfo callinfo;
178 Handle receiver = args->receiver();
179 Klass* recvrKlass = receiver.is_null() ? (Klass*)nullptr : receiver->klass();
180 LinkInfo link_info(spec_klass, name, signature);
181 LinkResolver::resolve_virtual_call(
182 callinfo, receiver, recvrKlass, link_info, true, CHECK);
183 methodHandle method(THREAD, callinfo.selected_method());
184 assert(method.not_null(), "should have thrown exception");
185
186 // Invoke the method
187 JavaCalls::call(result, method, args, CHECK);
188 }
189
190
191 void JavaCalls::call_virtual(JavaValue* result, Handle receiver, Klass* spec_klass, Symbol* name, Symbol* signature, TRAPS) {
192 JavaCallArguments args(receiver);
193 call_virtual(result, spec_klass, name, signature, &args, CHECK);
194 }
195
196
197 void JavaCalls::call_virtual(JavaValue* result, Handle receiver, Klass* spec_klass, Symbol* name, Symbol* signature, Handle arg1, TRAPS) {
198 JavaCallArguments args(receiver);
199 args.push_oop(arg1);
200 call_virtual(result, spec_klass, name, signature, &args, CHECK);
201 }
202
203
204
205 void JavaCalls::call_virtual(JavaValue* result, Handle receiver, Klass* spec_klass, Symbol* name, Symbol* signature, Handle arg1, Handle arg2, TRAPS) {
206 JavaCallArguments args(receiver);
207 args.push_oop(arg1);
208 args.push_oop(arg2);
209 call_virtual(result, spec_klass, name, signature, &args, CHECK);
210 }
211
212
213 // ============ Special calls ============
214
215 void JavaCalls::call_special(JavaValue* result, Klass* klass, Symbol* name, Symbol* signature, JavaCallArguments* args, TRAPS) {
216 CallInfo callinfo;
217 LinkInfo link_info(klass, name, signature);
218 LinkResolver::resolve_special_call(callinfo, args->receiver(), link_info, CHECK);
219 methodHandle method(THREAD, callinfo.selected_method());
220 assert(method.not_null(), "should have thrown exception");
221
222 // Invoke the method
223 JavaCalls::call(result, method, args, CHECK);
224 }
225
226
227 void JavaCalls::call_special(JavaValue* result, Handle receiver, Klass* klass, Symbol* name, Symbol* signature, TRAPS) {
228 JavaCallArguments args(receiver);
229 call_special(result, klass, name, signature, &args, CHECK);
230 }
231
232
233 void JavaCalls::call_special(JavaValue* result, Handle receiver, Klass* klass, Symbol* name, Symbol* signature, Handle arg1, TRAPS) {
234 JavaCallArguments args(receiver);
235 args.push_oop(arg1);
236 call_special(result, klass, name, signature, &args, CHECK);
237 }
238
239
240 void JavaCalls::call_special(JavaValue* result, Handle receiver, Klass* klass, Symbol* name, Symbol* signature, Handle arg1, Handle arg2, TRAPS) {
241 JavaCallArguments args(receiver);
242 args.push_oop(arg1);
243 args.push_oop(arg2);
244 call_special(result, klass, name, signature, &args, CHECK);
245 }
246
247
248 // ============ Static calls ============
249
250 void JavaCalls::call_static(JavaValue* result, Klass* klass, Symbol* name, Symbol* signature, JavaCallArguments* args, TRAPS) {
251 CallInfo callinfo;
252 LinkInfo link_info(klass, name, signature);
253 LinkResolver::resolve_static_call(callinfo, link_info, true, CHECK);
254 methodHandle method(THREAD, callinfo.selected_method());
255 assert(method.not_null(), "should have thrown exception");
256
257 // Invoke the method
258 JavaCalls::call(result, method, args, CHECK);
259 }
260
261
262 void JavaCalls::call_static(JavaValue* result, Klass* klass, Symbol* name, Symbol* signature, TRAPS) {
263 JavaCallArguments args;
264 call_static(result, klass, name, signature, &args, CHECK);
265 }
266
267
268 void JavaCalls::call_static(JavaValue* result, Klass* klass, Symbol* name, Symbol* signature, Handle arg1, TRAPS) {
269 JavaCallArguments args(arg1);
270 call_static(result, klass, name, signature, &args, CHECK);
271 }
272
273
274 void JavaCalls::call_static(JavaValue* result, Klass* klass, Symbol* name, Symbol* signature, Handle arg1, Handle arg2, TRAPS) {
275 JavaCallArguments args;
276 args.push_oop(arg1);
277 args.push_oop(arg2);
278 call_static(result, klass, name, signature, &args, CHECK);
279 }
280
281
282 void JavaCalls::call_static(JavaValue* result, Klass* klass, Symbol* name, Symbol* signature, Handle arg1, Handle arg2, Handle arg3, TRAPS) {
283 JavaCallArguments args;
284 args.push_oop(arg1);
285 args.push_oop(arg2);
286 args.push_oop(arg3);
287 call_static(result, klass, name, signature, &args, CHECK);
288 }
289
290 // ============ allocate and initialize new object instance ============
291
292 Handle JavaCalls::construct_new_instance(InstanceKlass* klass, Symbol* constructor_signature, JavaCallArguments* args, TRAPS) {
293 klass->initialize(CHECK_NH); // Quick no-op if already initialized.
294 Handle obj = klass->allocate_instance_handle(CHECK_NH);
295 JavaValue void_result(T_VOID);
296 args->set_receiver(obj); // inserts <obj> as the first argument.
297 JavaCalls::call_special(&void_result, klass,
298 vmSymbols::object_initializer_name(),
299 constructor_signature, args, CHECK_NH);
300 // Already returned a Null Handle if any exception is pending.
301 return obj;
302 }
303
304 Handle JavaCalls::construct_new_instance(InstanceKlass* klass, Symbol* constructor_signature, TRAPS) {
305 JavaCallArguments args;
306 return JavaCalls::construct_new_instance(klass, constructor_signature, &args, THREAD);
307 }
308
309 Handle JavaCalls::construct_new_instance(InstanceKlass* klass, Symbol* constructor_signature, Handle arg1, TRAPS) {
310 JavaCallArguments args;
311 args.push_oop(arg1);
312 return JavaCalls::construct_new_instance(klass, constructor_signature, &args, THREAD);
313 }
314
315 Handle JavaCalls::construct_new_instance(InstanceKlass* klass, Symbol* constructor_signature, Handle arg1, Handle arg2, TRAPS) {
316 JavaCallArguments args;
317 args.push_oop(arg1);
318 args.push_oop(arg2);
319 return JavaCalls::construct_new_instance(klass, constructor_signature, &args, THREAD);
320 }
321
322 // -------------------------------------------------
323 // Implementation of JavaCalls (low level)
324
325
326 void JavaCalls::call(JavaValue* result, const methodHandle& method, JavaCallArguments* args, TRAPS) {
327 // Check if we need to wrap a potential OS exception handler around thread.
328 // This is used for e.g. Win32 structured exception handlers.
329 // Need to wrap each and every time, since there might be native code down the
330 // stack that has installed its own exception handlers.
331 os::os_exception_wrapper(call_helper, result, method, args, THREAD);
332 }
333
334 void JavaCalls::call_helper(JavaValue* result, const methodHandle& method, JavaCallArguments* args, TRAPS) {
335
336 JavaThread* thread = THREAD;
337 assert(method.not_null(), "must have a method to call");
338 assert(!SafepointSynchronize::is_at_safepoint(), "call to Java code during VM operation");
339 assert(!thread->handle_area()->no_handle_mark_active(), "cannot call out to Java here");
340
341 // Verify the arguments
342 if (JVMCI_ONLY(args->alternative_target().is_null() &&) (DEBUG_ONLY(true ||) CheckJNICalls)) {
343 args->verify(method, result->get_type());
344 }
345 // Ignore call if method is empty
346 if (JVMCI_ONLY(args->alternative_target().is_null() &&) method->is_empty_method()) {
347 assert(result->get_type() == T_VOID, "an empty method must return a void value");
348 return;
349 }
350
351 #ifdef ASSERT
352 { InstanceKlass* holder = method->method_holder();
353 // A klass might not be initialized since JavaCall's might be used during the executing of
354 // the <clinit>. For example, a Thread.start might start executing on an object that is
355 // not fully initialized! (bad Java programming style)
356 assert(holder->is_linked(), "rewriting must have taken place");
357 }
358 #endif
359
360 CompilationPolicy::compile_if_required(method, CHECK);
361
362 // Since the call stub sets up like the interpreter we call the from_interpreted_entry
363 // so we can go compiled via a i2c. Otherwise initial entry method will always
364 // run interpreted.
365 address entry_point = method->from_interpreted_entry();
366 if (JvmtiExport::can_post_interpreter_events() && thread->is_interp_only_mode()) {
367 entry_point = method->interpreter_entry();
368 }
369
370 // Figure out if the result value is an oop or not (Note: This is a different value
371 // than result_type. result_type will be T_INT of oops. (it is about size)
372 BasicType result_type = runtime_type_from(result);
373 bool oop_result_flag = is_reference_type(result->get_type());
374
375 // Find receiver
376 Handle receiver = (!method->is_static()) ? args->receiver() : Handle();
377
378 // When we reenter Java, we need to re-enable the reserved/yellow zone which
379 // might already be disabled when we are in VM.
380 thread->stack_overflow_state()->reguard_stack_if_needed();
381
382 // Check that there are shadow pages available before changing thread state
383 // to Java. Calculate current_stack_pointer here to make sure
384 // stack_shadow_pages_available() and map_stack_shadow_pages() use the same sp.
385 address sp = os::current_stack_pointer();
386 if (!os::stack_shadow_pages_available(THREAD, method, sp)) {
387 // Throw stack overflow exception with preinitialized exception.
388 Exceptions::throw_stack_overflow_exception(THREAD, __FILE__, __LINE__, method);
389 return;
390 } else {
391 // Touch pages checked if the OS needs them to be touched to be mapped.
392 os::map_stack_shadow_pages(sp);
393 }
394
395 jobject value_buffer = nullptr;
396 if (InlineTypeReturnedAsFields && (result->get_type() == T_OBJECT)) {
397 // Pre allocate a buffered inline type in case the result is returned
398 // flattened by compiled code
399 InlineKlass* vk = method->returns_inline_type(thread);
400 if (vk != nullptr && vk->can_be_returned_as_fields()) {
401 oop instance = vk->allocate_instance(CHECK);
402 value_buffer = JNIHandles::make_local(thread, instance);
403 result->set_jobject(value_buffer);
404 }
405 }
406
407 // do call
408 { JavaCallWrapper link(method, receiver, result, CHECK);
409 { HandleMark hm(thread); // HandleMark used by HandleMarkCleaner
410
411 // NOTE: if we move the computation of the result_val_address inside
412 // the call to call_stub, the optimizer produces wrong code.
413 intptr_t* result_val_address = (intptr_t*)(result->get_value_addr());
414 intptr_t* parameter_address = args->parameters();
415 #if INCLUDE_JVMCI
416 // Gets the alternative target (if any) that should be called
417 Handle alternative_target = args->alternative_target();
418 if (!alternative_target.is_null()) {
419 // Must extract verified entry point from HotSpotNmethod after VM to Java
420 // transition in JavaCallWrapper constructor so that it is safe with
421 // respect to nmethod sweeping.
422 address verified_entry_point = (address) HotSpotJVMCI::InstalledCode::entryPoint(nullptr, alternative_target());
423 if (verified_entry_point != nullptr) {
424 thread->set_jvmci_alternate_call_target(verified_entry_point);
425 entry_point = method->adapter()->get_i2c_entry();
426 }
427 }
428 #endif
429 StubRoutines::call_stub()(
430 (address)&link,
431 // (intptr_t*)&(result->_value), // see NOTE above (compiler problem)
432 result_val_address, // see NOTE above (compiler problem)
433 result_type,
434 method(),
435 entry_point,
436 parameter_address,
437 args->size_of_parameters(),
438 CHECK
439 );
440
441 result = link.result(); // circumvent MS C++ 5.0 compiler bug (result is clobbered across call)
442 // Preserve oop return value across possible gc points
443 if (oop_result_flag) {
444 thread->set_vm_result(result->get_oop());
445 }
446 }
447 } // Exit JavaCallWrapper (can block - potential return oop must be preserved)
448
449 // Check if a thread stop or suspend should be executed
450 // The following assert was not realistic. Thread.stop can set that bit at any moment.
451 //assert(!thread->has_special_runtime_exit_condition(), "no async. exceptions should be installed");
452
453 // Restore possible oop return
454 if (oop_result_flag) {
455 result->set_oop(thread->vm_result());
456 thread->set_vm_result(nullptr);
457 JNIHandles::destroy_local(value_buffer);
458 }
459 }
460
461
462 //--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
463 // Implementation of JavaCallArguments
464
465 inline bool is_value_state_indirect_oop(uint state) {
466 assert(state != JavaCallArguments::value_state_oop,
467 "Checking for handles after removal");
468 assert(state < JavaCallArguments::value_state_limit,
469 "Invalid value state %u", state);
470 return state != JavaCallArguments::value_state_primitive;
471 }
472
473 inline oop resolve_indirect_oop(intptr_t value, uint state) {
474 switch (state) {
475 case JavaCallArguments::value_state_handle:
476 {
477 oop* ptr = reinterpret_cast<oop*>(value);
478 return Handle::raw_resolve(ptr);
479 }
480
481 case JavaCallArguments::value_state_jobject:
482 {
483 jobject obj = reinterpret_cast<jobject>(value);
484 return JNIHandles::resolve(obj);
485 }
486
487 default:
488 ShouldNotReachHere();
489 return nullptr;
490 }
491 }
492
493 intptr_t* JavaCallArguments::parameters() {
494 // First convert all handles to oops
495 for(int i = 0; i < _size; i++) {
496 uint state = _value_state[i];
497 assert(state != value_state_oop, "Multiple handle conversions");
498 if (is_value_state_indirect_oop(state)) {
499 oop obj = resolve_indirect_oop(_value[i], state);
500 _value[i] = cast_from_oop<intptr_t>(obj);
501 _value_state[i] = value_state_oop;
502 }
503 }
504 // Return argument vector
505 return _value;
506 }
507
508
509 class SignatureChekker : public SignatureIterator {
510 private:
511 int _pos;
512 BasicType _return_type;
513 u_char* _value_state;
514 intptr_t* _value;
515
516 public:
517 SignatureChekker(Symbol* signature,
518 BasicType return_type,
519 bool is_static,
520 u_char* value_state,
521 intptr_t* value) :
522 SignatureIterator(signature),
523 _pos(0),
524 _return_type(return_type),
525 _value_state(value_state),
526 _value(value)
527 {
528 if (!is_static) {
529 check_value(true); // Receiver must be an oop
530 }
531 do_parameters_on(this);
532 check_return_type(return_type);
533 }
534
535 private:
536 void check_value(bool is_reference) {
537 uint state = _value_state[_pos++];
538 if (is_reference) {
539 guarantee(is_value_state_indirect_oop(state),
540 "signature does not match pushed arguments: %u at %d",
541 state, _pos - 1);
542 } else {
543 guarantee(state == JavaCallArguments::value_state_primitive,
544 "signature does not match pushed arguments: %u at %d",
545 state, _pos - 1);
546 }
547 }
548
549 void check_return_type(BasicType t) {
550 guarantee(t == _return_type, "return type does not match");
551 }
552
553 void check_single_word() {
554 check_value(false);
555 }
556
557 void check_double_word() {
558 check_value(false);
559 check_value(false);
560 }
561
562 void check_reference() {
563 intptr_t v = _value[_pos];
564 if (v != 0) {
565 // v is a "handle" referring to an oop, cast to integral type.
566 // There shouldn't be any handles in very low memory.
567 guarantee((size_t)v >= os::vm_page_size(),
568 "Bad JNI oop argument %d: " PTR_FORMAT, _pos, v);
569 // Verify the pointee.
570 oop vv = resolve_indirect_oop(v, _value_state[_pos]);
571 guarantee(oopDesc::is_oop_or_null(vv, true),
572 "Bad JNI oop argument %d: " PTR_FORMAT " -> " PTR_FORMAT,
573 _pos, v, p2i(vv));
574 }
575
576 check_value(true); // Verify value state.
577 }
578
579 friend class SignatureIterator; // so do_parameters_on can call do_type
580 void do_type(BasicType type) {
581 switch (type) {
582 case T_BYTE:
583 case T_BOOLEAN:
584 case T_CHAR:
585 case T_SHORT:
586 case T_INT:
587 case T_FLOAT: // this one also
588 check_single_word(); break;
589 case T_LONG:
590 case T_DOUBLE:
591 check_double_word(); break;
592 case T_ARRAY:
593 case T_OBJECT:
594 check_reference(); break;
595 default:
596 ShouldNotReachHere();
597 }
598 }
599 };
600
601
602 void JavaCallArguments::verify(const methodHandle& method, BasicType return_type) {
603 guarantee(method->size_of_parameters() == size_of_parameters(), "wrong no. of arguments pushed");
604
605 // Treat T_OBJECT and T_ARRAY as the same
606 if (return_type == T_ARRAY) return_type = T_OBJECT;
607
608 // Check that oop information is correct
609 Symbol* signature = method->signature();
610
611 SignatureChekker sc(signature,
612 return_type,
613 method->is_static(),
614 _value_state,
615 _value);
616 }