1 /*
   2  * Copyright (c) 1997, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
   3  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
   4  *
   5  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
   6  * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
   7  * published by the Free Software Foundation.
   8  *
   9  * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
  10  * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
  11  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
  12  * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
  13  * accompanied this code).
  14  *
  15  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
  16  * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
  17  * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
  18  *
  19  * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
  20  * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
  21  * questions.
  22  *
  23  */
  24 
  25 #include "cds/cdsConfig.hpp"
  26 #include "classfile/javaClasses.inline.hpp"
  27 #include "classfile/moduleEntry.hpp"
  28 #include "classfile/packageEntry.hpp"
  29 #include "classfile/stringTable.hpp"
  30 #include "classfile/verifier.hpp"
  31 #include "classfile/vmClasses.hpp"
  32 #include "classfile/vmSymbols.hpp"
  33 #include "interpreter/linkResolver.hpp"
  34 #include "jvm.h"
  35 #include "logging/log.hpp"
  36 #include "memory/oopFactory.hpp"
  37 #include "memory/resourceArea.hpp"
  38 #include "memory/universe.hpp"
  39 #include "oops/instanceKlass.inline.hpp"
  40 #include "oops/klass.inline.hpp"
  41 #include "oops/objArrayKlass.hpp"
  42 #include "oops/objArrayOop.inline.hpp"
  43 #include "oops/oop.inline.hpp"
  44 #include "oops/typeArrayOop.inline.hpp"
  45 #include "prims/jvmtiExport.hpp"
  46 #include "runtime/fieldDescriptor.inline.hpp"
  47 #include "runtime/handles.inline.hpp"
  48 #include "runtime/javaCalls.hpp"
  49 #include "runtime/javaThread.hpp"
  50 #include "runtime/reflection.hpp"
  51 #include "runtime/signature.hpp"
  52 #include "runtime/vframe.inline.hpp"
  53 #include "utilities/formatBuffer.hpp"
  54 
  55 static void trace_class_resolution(oop mirror) {
  56   if (mirror == nullptr || java_lang_Class::is_primitive(mirror)) {
  57     return;
  58   }
  59   Klass* to_class = java_lang_Class::as_Klass(mirror);
  60   ResourceMark rm;
  61   int line_number = -1;
  62   const char * source_file = nullptr;
  63   Klass* caller = nullptr;
  64   JavaThread* jthread = JavaThread::current();
  65   if (jthread->has_last_Java_frame()) {
  66     vframeStream vfst(jthread);
  67     // skip over any frames belonging to java.lang.Class
  68     while (!vfst.at_end() &&
  69            vfst.method()->method_holder()->name() == vmSymbols::java_lang_Class()) {
  70       vfst.next();
  71     }
  72     if (!vfst.at_end()) {
  73       // this frame is a likely suspect
  74       caller = vfst.method()->method_holder();
  75       line_number = vfst.method()->line_number_from_bci(vfst.bci());
  76       Symbol* s = vfst.method()->method_holder()->source_file_name();
  77       if (s != nullptr) {
  78         source_file = s->as_C_string();
  79       }
  80     }
  81   }
  82   if (caller != nullptr) {
  83     const char * from = caller->external_name();
  84     const char * to = to_class->external_name();
  85     // print in a single call to reduce interleaving between threads
  86     if (source_file != nullptr) {
  87       log_debug(class, resolve)("%s %s %s:%d (reflection)", from, to, source_file, line_number);
  88     } else {
  89       log_debug(class, resolve)("%s %s (reflection)", from, to);
  90     }
  91   }
  92 }
  93 
  94 
  95 oop Reflection::box(jvalue* value, BasicType type, TRAPS) {
  96   if (type == T_VOID) {
  97     return nullptr;
  98   }
  99   if (is_reference_type(type)) {
 100     // regular objects are not boxed
 101     return cast_to_oop(value->l);
 102   }
 103   oop result = java_lang_boxing_object::create(type, value, CHECK_NULL);
 104   if (result == nullptr) {
 105     THROW_(vmSymbols::java_lang_IllegalArgumentException(), result);
 106   }
 107   return result;
 108 }
 109 
 110 
 111 BasicType Reflection::unbox_for_primitive(oop box, jvalue* value, TRAPS) {
 112   if (box == nullptr) {
 113     THROW_(vmSymbols::java_lang_IllegalArgumentException(), T_ILLEGAL);
 114   }
 115   return java_lang_boxing_object::get_value(box, value);
 116 }
 117 
 118 BasicType Reflection::unbox_for_regular_object(oop box, jvalue* value) {
 119   // Note:  box is really the unboxed oop.  It might even be a Short, etc.!
 120   value->l = cast_from_oop<jobject>(box);
 121   return T_OBJECT;
 122 }
 123 
 124 
 125 void Reflection::widen(jvalue* value, BasicType current_type, BasicType wide_type, TRAPS) {
 126   assert(wide_type != current_type, "widen should not be called with identical types");
 127   switch (wide_type) {
 128     case T_BOOLEAN:
 129     case T_BYTE:
 130     case T_CHAR:
 131       break;  // fail
 132     case T_SHORT:
 133       switch (current_type) {
 134         case T_BYTE:
 135           value->s = (jshort) value->b;
 136           return;
 137         default:
 138           break;
 139       }
 140       break;  // fail
 141     case T_INT:
 142       switch (current_type) {
 143         case T_BYTE:
 144           value->i = (jint) value->b;
 145           return;
 146         case T_CHAR:
 147           value->i = (jint) value->c;
 148           return;
 149         case T_SHORT:
 150           value->i = (jint) value->s;
 151           return;
 152         default:
 153           break;
 154       }
 155       break;  // fail
 156     case T_LONG:
 157       switch (current_type) {
 158         case T_BYTE:
 159           value->j = (jlong) value->b;
 160           return;
 161         case T_CHAR:
 162           value->j = (jlong) value->c;
 163           return;
 164         case T_SHORT:
 165           value->j = (jlong) value->s;
 166           return;
 167         case T_INT:
 168           value->j = (jlong) value->i;
 169           return;
 170         default:
 171           break;
 172       }
 173       break;  // fail
 174     case T_FLOAT:
 175       switch (current_type) {
 176         case T_BYTE:
 177           value->f = (jfloat) value->b;
 178           return;
 179         case T_CHAR:
 180           value->f = (jfloat) value->c;
 181           return;
 182         case T_SHORT:
 183           value->f = (jfloat) value->s;
 184           return;
 185         case T_INT:
 186           value->f = (jfloat) value->i;
 187           return;
 188         case T_LONG:
 189           value->f = (jfloat) value->j;
 190           return;
 191         default:
 192           break;
 193       }
 194       break;  // fail
 195     case T_DOUBLE:
 196       switch (current_type) {
 197         case T_BYTE:
 198           value->d = (jdouble) value->b;
 199           return;
 200         case T_CHAR:
 201           value->d = (jdouble) value->c;
 202           return;
 203         case T_SHORT:
 204           value->d = (jdouble) value->s;
 205           return;
 206         case T_INT:
 207           value->d = (jdouble) value->i;
 208           return;
 209         case T_FLOAT:
 210           value->d = (jdouble) value->f;
 211           return;
 212         case T_LONG:
 213           value->d = (jdouble) value->j;
 214           return;
 215         default:
 216           break;
 217       }
 218       break;  // fail
 219     default:
 220       break;  // fail
 221   }
 222   THROW_MSG(vmSymbols::java_lang_IllegalArgumentException(), "argument type mismatch");
 223 }
 224 
 225 
 226 BasicType Reflection::array_get(jvalue* value, arrayOop a, int index, TRAPS) {
 227   if (!a->is_within_bounds(index)) {
 228     THROW_(vmSymbols::java_lang_ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException(), T_ILLEGAL);
 229   }
 230   if (a->is_objArray()) {
 231     value->l = cast_from_oop<jobject>(objArrayOop(a)->obj_at(index));
 232     return T_OBJECT;
 233   } else {
 234     assert(a->is_typeArray(), "just checking");
 235     BasicType type = TypeArrayKlass::cast(a->klass())->element_type();
 236     switch (type) {
 237       case T_BOOLEAN:
 238         value->z = typeArrayOop(a)->bool_at(index);
 239         break;
 240       case T_CHAR:
 241         value->c = typeArrayOop(a)->char_at(index);
 242         break;
 243       case T_FLOAT:
 244         value->f = typeArrayOop(a)->float_at(index);
 245         break;
 246       case T_DOUBLE:
 247         value->d = typeArrayOop(a)->double_at(index);
 248         break;
 249       case T_BYTE:
 250         value->b = typeArrayOop(a)->byte_at(index);
 251         break;
 252       case T_SHORT:
 253         value->s = typeArrayOop(a)->short_at(index);
 254         break;
 255       case T_INT:
 256         value->i = typeArrayOop(a)->int_at(index);
 257         break;
 258       case T_LONG:
 259         value->j = typeArrayOop(a)->long_at(index);
 260         break;
 261       default:
 262         return T_ILLEGAL;
 263     }
 264     return type;
 265   }
 266 }
 267 
 268 
 269 void Reflection::array_set(jvalue* value, arrayOop a, int index, BasicType value_type, TRAPS) {
 270   if (!a->is_within_bounds(index)) {
 271     THROW(vmSymbols::java_lang_ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException());
 272   }
 273   if (value_type == T_OBJECT) {
 274     assert(a->is_objArray(), "just checking");
 275     oop obj = cast_to_oop(value->l);
 276     if (obj != nullptr) {
 277       Klass* element_klass = ObjArrayKlass::cast(a->klass())->element_klass();
 278       if (!obj->is_a(element_klass)) {
 279         THROW_MSG(vmSymbols::java_lang_IllegalArgumentException(), "array element type mismatch");
 280       }
 281     }
 282     objArrayOop(a)->obj_at_put(index, obj);
 283   } else {
 284     assert(a->is_typeArray(), "just checking");
 285     BasicType array_type = TypeArrayKlass::cast(a->klass())->element_type();
 286     if (array_type != value_type) {
 287       // The widen operation can potentially throw an exception, but cannot block,
 288       // so typeArrayOop a is safe if the call succeeds.
 289       widen(value, value_type, array_type, CHECK);
 290     }
 291     switch (array_type) {
 292       case T_BOOLEAN:
 293         typeArrayOop(a)->bool_at_put(index, value->z);
 294         break;
 295       case T_CHAR:
 296         typeArrayOop(a)->char_at_put(index, value->c);
 297         break;
 298       case T_FLOAT:
 299         typeArrayOop(a)->float_at_put(index, value->f);
 300         break;
 301       case T_DOUBLE:
 302         typeArrayOop(a)->double_at_put(index, value->d);
 303         break;
 304       case T_BYTE:
 305         typeArrayOop(a)->byte_at_put(index, value->b);
 306         break;
 307       case T_SHORT:
 308         typeArrayOop(a)->short_at_put(index, value->s);
 309         break;
 310       case T_INT:
 311         typeArrayOop(a)->int_at_put(index, value->i);
 312         break;
 313       case T_LONG:
 314         typeArrayOop(a)->long_at_put(index, value->j);
 315         break;
 316       default:
 317         THROW(vmSymbols::java_lang_IllegalArgumentException());
 318     }
 319   }
 320 }
 321 
 322 
 323 // Conversion
 324 static BasicType basic_type_mirror_to_basic_type(oop basic_type_mirror) {
 325   assert(java_lang_Class::is_primitive(basic_type_mirror),
 326     "just checking");
 327   return java_lang_Class::primitive_type(basic_type_mirror);
 328 }
 329 
 330 static Klass* basic_type_mirror_to_arrayklass(oop basic_type_mirror, TRAPS) {
 331   BasicType type = basic_type_mirror_to_basic_type(basic_type_mirror);
 332   if (type == T_VOID) {
 333     THROW_NULL(vmSymbols::java_lang_IllegalArgumentException());
 334   }
 335   else {
 336     return Universe::typeArrayKlass(type);
 337   }
 338 }
 339 
 340 arrayOop Reflection::reflect_new_array(oop element_mirror, jint length, TRAPS) {
 341   if (element_mirror == nullptr) {
 342     THROW_NULL(vmSymbols::java_lang_NullPointerException());
 343   }
 344   if (length < 0) {
 345     THROW_MSG_NULL(vmSymbols::java_lang_NegativeArraySizeException(), err_msg("%d", length));
 346   }
 347   if (java_lang_Class::is_primitive(element_mirror)) {
 348     BasicType type = basic_type_mirror_to_basic_type(element_mirror);
 349     if (type == T_VOID) {
 350       THROW_NULL(vmSymbols::java_lang_IllegalArgumentException());
 351     }
 352     return oopFactory::new_typeArray(type, length, CHECK_NULL);
 353   } else {
 354     Klass* k = java_lang_Class::as_Klass(element_mirror);
 355     if (k->is_array_klass() && ArrayKlass::cast(k)->dimension() >= MAX_DIM) {
 356       THROW_NULL(vmSymbols::java_lang_IllegalArgumentException());
 357     }
 358     return oopFactory::new_objArray(k, length, THREAD);
 359   }
 360 }
 361 
 362 
 363 arrayOop Reflection::reflect_new_multi_array(oop element_mirror, typeArrayOop dim_array, TRAPS) {
 364   assert(dim_array->is_typeArray(), "just checking");
 365   assert(TypeArrayKlass::cast(dim_array->klass())->element_type() == T_INT, "just checking");
 366 
 367   if (element_mirror == nullptr) {
 368     THROW_NULL(vmSymbols::java_lang_NullPointerException());
 369   }
 370 
 371   int len = dim_array->length();
 372   if (len <= 0 || len > MAX_DIM) {
 373     THROW_NULL(vmSymbols::java_lang_IllegalArgumentException());
 374   }
 375 
 376   jint dimensions[MAX_DIM];   // C array copy of intArrayOop
 377   for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {
 378     int d = dim_array->int_at(i);
 379     if (d < 0) {
 380       THROW_MSG_NULL(vmSymbols::java_lang_NegativeArraySizeException(), err_msg("%d", d));
 381     }
 382     dimensions[i] = d;
 383   }
 384 
 385   Klass* klass;
 386   int dim = len;
 387   if (java_lang_Class::is_primitive(element_mirror)) {
 388     klass = basic_type_mirror_to_arrayklass(element_mirror, CHECK_NULL);
 389   } else {
 390     klass = java_lang_Class::as_Klass(element_mirror);
 391     if (klass->is_array_klass()) {
 392       int k_dim = ArrayKlass::cast(klass)->dimension();
 393       if (k_dim + len > MAX_DIM) {
 394         THROW_NULL(vmSymbols::java_lang_IllegalArgumentException());
 395       }
 396       dim += k_dim;
 397     }
 398   }
 399   klass = klass->array_klass(dim, CHECK_NULL);
 400   oop obj = ArrayKlass::cast(klass)->multi_allocate(len, dimensions, CHECK_NULL);
 401   assert(obj->is_array(), "just checking");
 402   return arrayOop(obj);
 403 }
 404 
 405 
 406 static bool can_relax_access_check_for(const Klass* accessor,
 407                                        const Klass* accessee,
 408                                        bool classloader_only) {
 409 
 410   const InstanceKlass* accessor_ik = InstanceKlass::cast(accessor);
 411   const InstanceKlass* accessee_ik = InstanceKlass::cast(accessee);
 412 
 413   if (RelaxAccessControlCheck &&
 414     accessor_ik->major_version() < Verifier::NO_RELAX_ACCESS_CTRL_CHECK_VERSION &&
 415     accessee_ik->major_version() < Verifier::NO_RELAX_ACCESS_CTRL_CHECK_VERSION) {
 416     return classloader_only &&
 417       Verifier::relax_access_for(accessor_ik->class_loader()) &&
 418       accessor_ik->protection_domain() == accessee_ik->protection_domain() &&
 419       accessor_ik->class_loader() == accessee_ik->class_loader();
 420   }
 421 
 422   return false;
 423 }
 424 
 425 /*
 426     Type Accessibility check for public types: Callee Type T is accessible to Caller Type S if:
 427 
 428                         Callee T in             Callee T in package PT,
 429                         unnamed module          runtime module MT
 430  ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 431 
 432  Caller S in package     If MS is loose: YES      If same classloader/package (PS == PT): YES
 433  PS, runtime module MS   If MS can read T's       If same runtime module: (MS == MT): YES
 434                          unnamed module: YES
 435                                                   Else if (MS can read MT (establish readability) &&
 436                                                     ((MT exports PT to MS or to all modules) ||
 437                                                      (MT is open))): YES
 438 
 439  ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 440  Caller S in unnamed         YES                  Readability exists because unnamed module
 441  module UM                                            "reads" all modules
 442                                                   if (MT exports PT to UM or to all modules): YES
 443 
 444  ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 445 
 446  Note: a loose module is a module that can read all current and future unnamed modules.
 447 */
 448 Reflection::VerifyClassAccessResults Reflection::verify_class_access(
 449   const Klass* current_class, const InstanceKlass* new_class, bool classloader_only) {
 450 
 451   // Verify that current_class can access new_class.  If the classloader_only
 452   // flag is set, we automatically allow any accesses in which current_class
 453   // doesn't have a classloader.
 454   if ((current_class == nullptr) ||
 455       (current_class == new_class) ||
 456       is_same_class_package(current_class, new_class)) {
 457     return ACCESS_OK;
 458   }
 459 
 460   // module boundaries
 461   if (new_class->is_public()) {
 462     // Find the module entry for current_class, the accessor
 463     ModuleEntry* module_from = current_class->module();
 464     // Find the module entry for new_class, the accessee
 465     ModuleEntry* module_to = new_class->module();
 466 
 467     // both in same (possibly unnamed) module
 468     if (module_from == module_to) {
 469       return ACCESS_OK;
 470     }
 471 
 472     // Acceptable access to a type in an unnamed module. Note that since
 473     // unnamed modules can read all unnamed modules, this also handles the
 474     // case where module_from is also unnamed but in a different class loader.
 475     if (!module_to->is_named() &&
 476         (module_from->can_read_all_unnamed() || module_from->can_read(module_to))) {
 477       return ACCESS_OK;
 478     }
 479 
 480     // Establish readability, check if module_from is allowed to read module_to.
 481     if (!module_from->can_read(module_to)) {
 482       return MODULE_NOT_READABLE;
 483     }
 484 
 485     // Access is allowed if module_to is open, i.e. all its packages are unqualifiedly exported
 486     if (module_to->is_open()) {
 487       return ACCESS_OK;
 488     }
 489 
 490     PackageEntry* package_to = new_class->package();
 491     assert(package_to != nullptr, "can not obtain new_class' package");
 492 
 493     {
 494       MutexLocker m1(Module_lock);
 495 
 496       // Once readability is established, if module_to exports T unqualifiedly,
 497       // (to all modules), than whether module_from is in the unnamed module
 498       // or not does not matter, access is allowed.
 499       if (package_to->is_unqual_exported()) {
 500         return ACCESS_OK;
 501       }
 502 
 503       // Access is allowed if both 1 & 2 hold:
 504       //   1. Readability, module_from can read module_to (established above).
 505       //   2. Either module_to exports T to module_from qualifiedly.
 506       //      or
 507       //      module_to exports T to all unnamed modules and module_from is unnamed.
 508       //      or
 509       //      module_to exports T unqualifiedly to all modules (checked above).
 510       if (!package_to->is_qexported_to(module_from)) {
 511         return TYPE_NOT_EXPORTED;
 512       }
 513     }
 514     return ACCESS_OK;
 515   }
 516 
 517   if (can_relax_access_check_for(current_class, new_class, classloader_only)) {
 518     return ACCESS_OK;
 519   }
 520   return OTHER_PROBLEM;
 521 }
 522 
 523 // Return an error message specific to the specified Klass*'s and result.
 524 // This function must be called from within a block containing a ResourceMark.
 525 char* Reflection::verify_class_access_msg(const Klass* current_class,
 526                                           const InstanceKlass* new_class,
 527                                           const VerifyClassAccessResults result) {
 528   assert(result != ACCESS_OK, "must be failure result");
 529   char * msg = nullptr;
 530   if (result != OTHER_PROBLEM && new_class != nullptr && current_class != nullptr) {
 531     // Find the module entry for current_class, the accessor
 532     ModuleEntry* module_from = current_class->module();
 533     const char * module_from_name = module_from->is_named() ? module_from->name()->as_C_string() : UNNAMED_MODULE;
 534     const char * current_class_name = current_class->external_name();
 535 
 536     // Find the module entry for new_class, the accessee
 537     ModuleEntry* module_to = nullptr;
 538     module_to = new_class->module();
 539     const char * module_to_name = module_to->is_named() ? module_to->name()->as_C_string() : UNNAMED_MODULE;
 540     const char * new_class_name = new_class->external_name();
 541 
 542     if (result == MODULE_NOT_READABLE) {
 543       assert(module_from->is_named(), "Unnamed modules can read all modules");
 544       if (module_to->is_named()) {
 545         size_t len = 100 + strlen(current_class_name) + 2*strlen(module_from_name) +
 546           strlen(new_class_name) + 2*strlen(module_to_name);
 547         msg = NEW_RESOURCE_ARRAY(char, len);
 548         jio_snprintf(msg, len,
 549           "class %s (in module %s) cannot access class %s (in module %s) because module %s does not read module %s",
 550           current_class_name, module_from_name, new_class_name,
 551           module_to_name, module_from_name, module_to_name);
 552       } else {
 553         oop module_oop = module_to->module_oop();
 554         assert(module_oop != nullptr, "should have been initialized");
 555         intptr_t identity_hash = module_oop->identity_hash();
 556         size_t len = 160 + strlen(current_class_name) + 2*strlen(module_from_name) +
 557           strlen(new_class_name) + 2*sizeof(uintx);
 558         msg = NEW_RESOURCE_ARRAY(char, len);
 559         jio_snprintf(msg, len,
 560           "class %s (in module %s) cannot access class %s (in unnamed module @0x%zx) because module %s does not read unnamed module @0x%zx",
 561           current_class_name, module_from_name, new_class_name, uintx(identity_hash),
 562           module_from_name, uintx(identity_hash));
 563       }
 564 
 565     } else if (result == TYPE_NOT_EXPORTED) {
 566       assert(new_class->package() != nullptr,
 567              "Unnamed packages are always exported");
 568       const char * package_name =
 569         new_class->package()->name()->as_klass_external_name();
 570       assert(module_to->is_named(), "Unnamed modules export all packages");
 571       if (module_from->is_named()) {
 572         size_t len = 118 + strlen(current_class_name) + 2*strlen(module_from_name) +
 573           strlen(new_class_name) + 2*strlen(module_to_name) + strlen(package_name);
 574         msg = NEW_RESOURCE_ARRAY(char, len);
 575         jio_snprintf(msg, len,
 576           "class %s (in module %s) cannot access class %s (in module %s) because module %s does not export %s to module %s",
 577           current_class_name, module_from_name, new_class_name,
 578           module_to_name, module_to_name, package_name, module_from_name);
 579       } else {
 580         oop module_oop = module_from->module_oop();
 581         assert(module_oop != nullptr, "should have been initialized");
 582         intptr_t identity_hash = module_oop->identity_hash();
 583         size_t len = 170 + strlen(current_class_name) + strlen(new_class_name) +
 584           2*strlen(module_to_name) + strlen(package_name) + 2*sizeof(uintx);
 585         msg = NEW_RESOURCE_ARRAY(char, len);
 586         jio_snprintf(msg, len,
 587           "class %s (in unnamed module @0x%zx) cannot access class %s (in module %s) because module %s does not export %s to unnamed module @0x%zx",
 588           current_class_name, uintx(identity_hash), new_class_name, module_to_name,
 589           module_to_name, package_name, uintx(identity_hash));
 590       }
 591     } else {
 592         ShouldNotReachHere();
 593     }
 594   }  // result != OTHER_PROBLEM...
 595   return msg;
 596 }
 597 
 598 bool Reflection::verify_member_access(const Klass* current_class,
 599                                       const Klass* resolved_class,
 600                                       const Klass* member_class,
 601                                       AccessFlags access,
 602                                       bool classloader_only,
 603                                       bool protected_restriction,
 604                                       TRAPS) {
 605   // Verify that current_class can access a member of member_class, where that
 606   // field's access bits are "access".  We assume that we've already verified
 607   // that current_class can access member_class.
 608   //
 609   // If the classloader_only flag is set, we automatically allow any accesses
 610   // in which current_class doesn't have a classloader.
 611   //
 612   // "resolved_class" is the runtime type of "member_class". Sometimes we don't
 613   // need this distinction (e.g. if all we have is the runtime type, or during
 614   // class file parsing when we only care about the static type); in that case
 615   // callers should ensure that resolved_class == member_class.
 616   //
 617   if ((current_class == nullptr) ||
 618       (current_class == member_class) ||
 619       access.is_public()) {
 620     return true;
 621   }
 622 
 623   if (current_class == member_class) {
 624     return true;
 625   }
 626 
 627   if (access.is_protected()) {
 628     if (!protected_restriction) {
 629       // See if current_class (or outermost host class) is a subclass of member_class
 630       // An interface may not access protected members of j.l.Object
 631       if (!current_class->is_interface() && current_class->is_subclass_of(member_class)) {
 632         if (access.is_static() || // static fields are ok, see 6622385
 633             current_class == resolved_class ||
 634             member_class == resolved_class ||
 635             current_class->is_subclass_of(resolved_class) ||
 636             resolved_class->is_subclass_of(current_class)) {
 637           return true;
 638         }
 639       }
 640     }
 641   }
 642 
 643   // package access
 644   if (!access.is_private() && is_same_class_package(current_class, member_class)) {
 645     return true;
 646   }
 647 
 648   // private access between different classes needs a nestmate check.
 649   if (access.is_private()) {
 650     if (current_class->is_instance_klass() && member_class->is_instance_klass() ) {
 651       InstanceKlass* cur_ik = const_cast<InstanceKlass*>(InstanceKlass::cast(current_class));
 652       InstanceKlass* field_ik = const_cast<InstanceKlass*>(InstanceKlass::cast(member_class));
 653       // Nestmate access checks may require resolution and validation of the nest-host.
 654       // It is up to the caller to check for pending exceptions and handle appropriately.
 655       bool access = cur_ik->has_nestmate_access_to(field_ik, CHECK_false);
 656       if (access) {
 657         guarantee(resolved_class->is_subclass_of(member_class), "must be!");
 658         return true;
 659       }
 660     }
 661   }
 662 
 663   // Check for special relaxations
 664   return can_relax_access_check_for(current_class, member_class, classloader_only);
 665 }
 666 
 667 bool Reflection::is_same_class_package(const Klass* class1, const Klass* class2) {
 668   return InstanceKlass::cast(class1)->is_same_class_package(class2);
 669 }
 670 
 671 // Checks that the 'outer' klass has declared 'inner' as being an inner klass. If not,
 672 // throw an incompatible class change exception
 673 // If inner_is_member, require the inner to be a member of the outer.
 674 // If !inner_is_member, require the inner to be hidden (non-member).
 675 // Caller is responsible for figuring out in advance which case must be true.
 676 void Reflection::check_for_inner_class(const InstanceKlass* outer, const InstanceKlass* inner,
 677                                        bool inner_is_member, TRAPS) {
 678   InnerClassesIterator iter(outer);
 679   constantPoolHandle cp   (THREAD, outer->constants());
 680   for (; !iter.done(); iter.next()) {
 681     int ioff = iter.inner_class_info_index();
 682     int ooff = iter.outer_class_info_index();
 683 
 684     if (inner_is_member && ioff != 0 && ooff != 0) {
 685       if (cp->klass_name_at_matches(outer, ooff) &&
 686           cp->klass_name_at_matches(inner, ioff)) {
 687         Klass* o = cp->klass_at(ooff, CHECK);
 688         if (o == outer) {
 689           Klass* i = cp->klass_at(ioff, CHECK);
 690           if (i == inner) {
 691             return;
 692           }
 693         }
 694       }
 695     }
 696 
 697     if (!inner_is_member && ioff != 0 && ooff == 0 &&
 698         cp->klass_name_at_matches(inner, ioff)) {
 699       Klass* i = cp->klass_at(ioff, CHECK);
 700       if (i == inner) {
 701         return;
 702       }
 703     }
 704   }
 705 
 706   // 'inner' not declared as an inner klass in outer
 707   ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
 708   // Names are all known to be < 64k so we know this formatted message is not excessively large.
 709   Exceptions::fthrow(
 710     THREAD_AND_LOCATION,
 711     vmSymbols::java_lang_IncompatibleClassChangeError(),
 712     "%s and %s disagree on InnerClasses attribute",
 713     outer->external_name(),
 714     inner->external_name()
 715   );
 716 }
 717 
 718 static objArrayHandle get_parameter_types(const methodHandle& method,
 719                                           int parameter_count,
 720                                           oop* return_type,
 721                                           TRAPS) {
 722   objArrayOop m;
 723   if (parameter_count == 0) {
 724     // Avoid allocating an array for the empty case
 725     // Still need to parse the signature for the return type below
 726     m = Universe::the_empty_class_array();
 727   } else {
 728     // Allocate array holding parameter types (java.lang.Class instances)
 729     m = oopFactory::new_objArray(vmClasses::Class_klass(), parameter_count, CHECK_(objArrayHandle()));
 730   }
 731   objArrayHandle mirrors(THREAD, m);
 732   int index = 0;
 733   // Collect parameter types
 734   ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
 735   for (ResolvingSignatureStream ss(method()); !ss.is_done(); ss.next()) {
 736     oop mirror = ss.as_java_mirror(SignatureStream::NCDFError, CHECK_(objArrayHandle()));
 737     if (log_is_enabled(Debug, class, resolve)) {
 738       trace_class_resolution(mirror);
 739     }
 740     if (!ss.at_return_type()) {
 741       mirrors->obj_at_put(index++, mirror);
 742     } else if (return_type != nullptr) {
 743       // Collect return type as well
 744       assert(ss.at_return_type(), "return type should be present");
 745       *return_type = mirror;
 746     }
 747   }
 748   assert(index == parameter_count, "invalid parameter count");
 749   return mirrors;
 750 }
 751 
 752 static objArrayHandle get_exception_types(const methodHandle& method, TRAPS) {
 753   return method->resolved_checked_exceptions(THREAD);
 754 }
 755 
 756 static Handle new_type(Symbol* signature, Klass* k, TRAPS) {
 757   ResolvingSignatureStream ss(signature, k, false);
 758   oop nt = ss.as_java_mirror(SignatureStream::NCDFError, CHECK_NH);
 759   if (log_is_enabled(Debug, class, resolve)) {
 760     trace_class_resolution(nt);
 761   }
 762   return Handle(THREAD, nt);
 763 }
 764 
 765 oop Reflection::new_method(const methodHandle& method, bool for_constant_pool_access, TRAPS) {
 766   // Allow jdk.internal.reflect.ConstantPool to refer to <clinit> methods as java.lang.reflect.Methods.
 767   assert(!method()->is_object_initializer() &&
 768          (for_constant_pool_access || !method()->is_static_initializer()),
 769          "Should not be the initializer");
 770   InstanceKlass* holder = method->method_holder();
 771   int slot = method->method_idnum();
 772 
 773   Symbol*  signature  = method->signature();
 774   int parameter_count = ArgumentCount(signature).size();
 775   oop return_type_oop = nullptr;
 776   objArrayHandle parameter_types = get_parameter_types(method, parameter_count, &return_type_oop, CHECK_NULL);
 777   if (parameter_types.is_null() || return_type_oop == nullptr) return nullptr;
 778 
 779   Handle return_type(THREAD, return_type_oop);
 780 
 781   objArrayHandle exception_types = get_exception_types(method, CHECK_NULL);
 782   assert(!exception_types.is_null(), "cannot return null");
 783 
 784   Symbol*  method_name = method->name();
 785   oop name_oop = StringTable::intern(method_name, CHECK_NULL);
 786   Handle name = Handle(THREAD, name_oop);
 787   if (name == nullptr) return nullptr;
 788 
 789   const int modifiers = method->access_flags().as_method_flags();
 790 
 791   Handle mh = java_lang_reflect_Method::create(CHECK_NULL);
 792 
 793   java_lang_reflect_Method::set_clazz(mh(), holder->java_mirror());
 794   java_lang_reflect_Method::set_slot(mh(), slot);
 795   java_lang_reflect_Method::set_name(mh(), name());
 796   java_lang_reflect_Method::set_return_type(mh(), return_type());
 797   java_lang_reflect_Method::set_parameter_types(mh(), parameter_types());
 798   java_lang_reflect_Method::set_exception_types(mh(), exception_types());
 799   java_lang_reflect_Method::set_modifiers(mh(), modifiers);
 800   java_lang_reflect_Method::set_override(mh(), false);
 801   if (method->generic_signature() != nullptr) {
 802     Symbol*  gs = method->generic_signature();
 803     Handle sig = java_lang_String::create_from_symbol(gs, CHECK_NULL);
 804     java_lang_reflect_Method::set_signature(mh(), sig());
 805   }
 806   typeArrayOop an_oop = Annotations::make_java_array(method->annotations(), CHECK_NULL);
 807   java_lang_reflect_Method::set_annotations(mh(), an_oop);
 808   an_oop = Annotations::make_java_array(method->parameter_annotations(), CHECK_NULL);
 809   java_lang_reflect_Method::set_parameter_annotations(mh(), an_oop);
 810   an_oop = Annotations::make_java_array(method->annotation_default(), CHECK_NULL);
 811   java_lang_reflect_Method::set_annotation_default(mh(), an_oop);
 812   return mh();
 813 }
 814 
 815 
 816 oop Reflection::new_constructor(const methodHandle& method, TRAPS) {
 817   assert(method()->is_object_initializer(), "Should be the initializer");
 818 
 819   InstanceKlass* holder = method->method_holder();
 820   int slot = method->method_idnum();
 821 
 822   Symbol*  signature  = method->signature();
 823   int parameter_count = ArgumentCount(signature).size();
 824   objArrayHandle parameter_types = get_parameter_types(method, parameter_count, nullptr, CHECK_NULL);
 825   if (parameter_types.is_null()) return nullptr;
 826 
 827   objArrayHandle exception_types = get_exception_types(method, CHECK_NULL);
 828   assert(!exception_types.is_null(), "cannot return null");
 829 
 830   const int modifiers = method->access_flags().as_method_flags();
 831 
 832   Handle ch = java_lang_reflect_Constructor::create(CHECK_NULL);
 833 
 834   java_lang_reflect_Constructor::set_clazz(ch(), holder->java_mirror());
 835   java_lang_reflect_Constructor::set_slot(ch(), slot);
 836   java_lang_reflect_Constructor::set_parameter_types(ch(), parameter_types());
 837   java_lang_reflect_Constructor::set_exception_types(ch(), exception_types());
 838   java_lang_reflect_Constructor::set_modifiers(ch(), modifiers);
 839   java_lang_reflect_Constructor::set_override(ch(), false);
 840   if (method->generic_signature() != nullptr) {
 841     Symbol*  gs = method->generic_signature();
 842     Handle sig = java_lang_String::create_from_symbol(gs, CHECK_NULL);
 843     java_lang_reflect_Constructor::set_signature(ch(), sig());
 844   }
 845   typeArrayOop an_oop = Annotations::make_java_array(method->annotations(), CHECK_NULL);
 846   java_lang_reflect_Constructor::set_annotations(ch(), an_oop);
 847   an_oop = Annotations::make_java_array(method->parameter_annotations(), CHECK_NULL);
 848   java_lang_reflect_Constructor::set_parameter_annotations(ch(), an_oop);
 849   return ch();
 850 }
 851 
 852 
 853 oop Reflection::new_field(fieldDescriptor* fd, TRAPS) {
 854   Symbol*  field_name = fd->name();
 855   oop name_oop = StringTable::intern(field_name, CHECK_NULL);
 856   Handle name = Handle(THREAD, name_oop);
 857   Symbol*  signature  = fd->signature();
 858   InstanceKlass* holder = fd->field_holder();
 859   Handle type = new_type(signature, holder, CHECK_NULL);
 860   Handle rh  = java_lang_reflect_Field::create(CHECK_NULL);
 861 
 862   java_lang_reflect_Field::set_clazz(rh(), fd->field_holder()->java_mirror());
 863   java_lang_reflect_Field::set_slot(rh(), fd->index());
 864   java_lang_reflect_Field::set_name(rh(), name());
 865   java_lang_reflect_Field::set_type(rh(), type());
 866   if (fd->is_trusted_final()) {
 867     java_lang_reflect_Field::set_trusted_final(rh());
 868   }
 869   // Note the ACC_ANNOTATION bit, which is a per-class access flag, is never set here.
 870   java_lang_reflect_Field::set_modifiers(rh(), fd->access_flags().as_field_flags());
 871   java_lang_reflect_Field::set_override(rh(), false);
 872   if (fd->has_generic_signature()) {
 873     Symbol*  gs = fd->generic_signature();
 874     Handle sig = java_lang_String::create_from_symbol(gs, CHECK_NULL);
 875     java_lang_reflect_Field::set_signature(rh(), sig());
 876   }
 877   typeArrayOop an_oop = Annotations::make_java_array(fd->annotations(), CHECK_NULL);
 878   java_lang_reflect_Field::set_annotations(rh(), an_oop);
 879   return rh();
 880 }
 881 
 882 oop Reflection::new_parameter(Handle method, int index, Symbol* sym,
 883                               int flags, TRAPS) {
 884 
 885   Handle rh = java_lang_reflect_Parameter::create(CHECK_NULL);
 886 
 887   if(nullptr != sym) {
 888     Handle name = java_lang_String::create_from_symbol(sym, CHECK_NULL);
 889     java_lang_reflect_Parameter::set_name(rh(), name());
 890   } else {
 891     java_lang_reflect_Parameter::set_name(rh(), nullptr);
 892   }
 893 
 894   java_lang_reflect_Parameter::set_modifiers(rh(), flags);
 895   java_lang_reflect_Parameter::set_executable(rh(), method());
 896   java_lang_reflect_Parameter::set_index(rh(), index);
 897   return rh();
 898 }
 899 
 900 
 901 static methodHandle resolve_interface_call(InstanceKlass* klass,
 902                                            const methodHandle& method,
 903                                            Klass* recv_klass,
 904                                            Handle receiver,
 905                                            TRAPS) {
 906 
 907   assert(!method.is_null() , "method should not be null");
 908 
 909   CallInfo info;
 910   Symbol*  signature  = method->signature();
 911   Symbol*  name       = method->name();
 912   LinkResolver::resolve_interface_call(info, receiver, recv_klass,
 913                                        LinkInfo(klass, name, signature),
 914                                        true,
 915                                        CHECK_(methodHandle()));
 916   return methodHandle(THREAD, info.selected_method());
 917 }
 918 
 919 // Narrowing of basic types. Used to create correct jvalues for
 920 // boolean, byte, char and short return return values from interpreter
 921 // which are returned as ints. Throws IllegalArgumentException.
 922 static void narrow(jvalue* value, BasicType narrow_type, TRAPS) {
 923   switch (narrow_type) {
 924   case T_BOOLEAN:
 925     value->z = (jboolean) (value->i & 1);
 926     return;
 927   case T_BYTE:
 928     value->b = (jbyte)value->i;
 929     return;
 930   case T_CHAR:
 931     value->c = (jchar)value->i;
 932     return;
 933   case T_SHORT:
 934     value->s = (jshort)value->i;
 935     return;
 936   default:
 937     break; // fail
 938   }
 939   THROW_MSG(vmSymbols::java_lang_IllegalArgumentException(), "argument type mismatch");
 940 }
 941 
 942 
 943 // Method call (shared by invoke_method and invoke_constructor)
 944 static oop invoke(InstanceKlass* klass,
 945                   const methodHandle& reflected_method,
 946                   Handle receiver,
 947                   bool override,
 948                   objArrayHandle ptypes,
 949                   BasicType rtype,
 950                   objArrayHandle args,
 951                   bool is_method_invoke,
 952                   TRAPS) {
 953 
 954   ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
 955 
 956   methodHandle method;      // actual method to invoke
 957   Klass* target_klass;      // target klass, receiver's klass for non-static
 958 
 959   // Ensure klass is initialized
 960   klass->initialize(CHECK_NULL);
 961 
 962   bool is_static = reflected_method->is_static();
 963   if (is_static) {
 964     // ignore receiver argument
 965     method = reflected_method;
 966     target_klass = klass;
 967   } else {
 968     // check for null receiver
 969     if (receiver.is_null()) {
 970       THROW_NULL(vmSymbols::java_lang_NullPointerException());
 971     }
 972     // Check class of receiver against class declaring method
 973     if (!receiver->is_a(klass)) {
 974       THROW_MSG_NULL(vmSymbols::java_lang_IllegalArgumentException(), "object is not an instance of declaring class");
 975     }
 976     // target klass is receiver's klass
 977     target_klass = receiver->klass();
 978     // no need to resolve if method is private or <init>
 979     if (reflected_method->is_private() || reflected_method->name() == vmSymbols::object_initializer_name()) {
 980       method = reflected_method;
 981     } else {
 982       // resolve based on the receiver
 983       if (reflected_method->method_holder()->is_interface()) {
 984         // resolve interface call
 985         //
 986         // Match resolution errors with those thrown due to reflection inlining
 987         // Linktime resolution & IllegalAccessCheck already done by Class.getMethod()
 988         method = resolve_interface_call(klass, reflected_method, target_klass, receiver, THREAD);
 989         if (HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION) {
 990           // Method resolution threw an exception; wrap it in an InvocationTargetException
 991           oop resolution_exception = PENDING_EXCEPTION;
 992           CLEAR_PENDING_EXCEPTION;
 993           // JVMTI has already reported the pending exception
 994           // JVMTI internal flag reset is needed in order to report InvocationTargetException
 995           JvmtiExport::clear_detected_exception(THREAD);
 996           JavaCallArguments args(Handle(THREAD, resolution_exception));
 997           THROW_ARG_NULL(vmSymbols::java_lang_reflect_InvocationTargetException(),
 998                          vmSymbols::throwable_void_signature(),
 999                          &args);
1000         }
1001       }  else {
1002         // if the method can be overridden, we resolve using the vtable index.
1003         assert(!reflected_method->has_itable_index(), "");
1004         int index = reflected_method->vtable_index();
1005         method = reflected_method;
1006         if (index != Method::nonvirtual_vtable_index) {
1007           method = methodHandle(THREAD, target_klass->method_at_vtable(index));
1008         }
1009         if (!method.is_null()) {
1010           // Check for abstract methods as well
1011           if (method->is_abstract()) {
1012             // new default: 6531596
1013             ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
1014             stringStream ss;
1015             ss.print("'");
1016             Method::print_external_name(&ss, target_klass, method->name(), method->signature());
1017             ss.print("'");
1018             Handle h_origexception = Exceptions::new_exception(THREAD,
1019               vmSymbols::java_lang_AbstractMethodError(), ss.as_string());
1020             JavaCallArguments args(h_origexception);
1021             THROW_ARG_NULL(vmSymbols::java_lang_reflect_InvocationTargetException(),
1022                            vmSymbols::throwable_void_signature(),
1023                            &args);
1024           }
1025         }
1026       }
1027     }
1028   }
1029 
1030   // I believe this is a ShouldNotGetHere case which requires
1031   // an internal vtable bug. If you ever get this please let Karen know.
1032   if (method.is_null()) {
1033     ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
1034     stringStream ss;
1035     ss.print("'");
1036     Method::print_external_name(&ss, klass,
1037                                      reflected_method->name(),
1038                                      reflected_method->signature());
1039     ss.print("'");
1040     THROW_MSG_NULL(vmSymbols::java_lang_NoSuchMethodError(), ss.as_string());
1041   }
1042 
1043   assert(ptypes->is_objArray(), "just checking");
1044   int args_len = args.is_null() ? 0 : args->length();
1045   // Check number of arguments
1046   if (ptypes->length() != args_len) {
1047     THROW_MSG_NULL(vmSymbols::java_lang_IllegalArgumentException(),
1048                    "wrong number of arguments");
1049   }
1050 
1051   // Create object to contain parameters for the JavaCall
1052   JavaCallArguments java_args(method->size_of_parameters());
1053 
1054   if (!is_static) {
1055     java_args.push_oop(receiver);
1056   }
1057 
1058   for (int i = 0; i < args_len; i++) {
1059     oop type_mirror = ptypes->obj_at(i);
1060     oop arg = args->obj_at(i);
1061     if (java_lang_Class::is_primitive(type_mirror)) {
1062       jvalue value;
1063       BasicType ptype = basic_type_mirror_to_basic_type(type_mirror);
1064       BasicType atype = Reflection::unbox_for_primitive(arg, &value, CHECK_NULL);
1065       if (ptype != atype) {
1066         Reflection::widen(&value, atype, ptype, CHECK_NULL);
1067       }
1068       switch (ptype) {
1069         case T_BOOLEAN:     java_args.push_int(value.z);    break;
1070         case T_CHAR:        java_args.push_int(value.c);    break;
1071         case T_BYTE:        java_args.push_int(value.b);    break;
1072         case T_SHORT:       java_args.push_int(value.s);    break;
1073         case T_INT:         java_args.push_int(value.i);    break;
1074         case T_LONG:        java_args.push_long(value.j);   break;
1075         case T_FLOAT:       java_args.push_float(value.f);  break;
1076         case T_DOUBLE:      java_args.push_double(value.d); break;
1077         default:
1078           THROW_MSG_NULL(vmSymbols::java_lang_IllegalArgumentException(), "argument type mismatch");
1079       }
1080     } else {
1081       if (arg != nullptr) {
1082         Klass* k = java_lang_Class::as_Klass(type_mirror);
1083         if (!arg->is_a(k)) {
1084           THROW_MSG_NULL(vmSymbols::java_lang_IllegalArgumentException(),
1085                          "argument type mismatch");
1086         }
1087       }
1088       Handle arg_handle(THREAD, arg);         // Create handle for argument
1089       java_args.push_oop(arg_handle); // Push handle
1090     }
1091   }
1092 
1093   assert(java_args.size_of_parameters() == method->size_of_parameters(),
1094     "just checking");
1095 
1096   // All oops (including receiver) is passed in as Handles. An potential oop is returned as an
1097   // oop (i.e., NOT as an handle)
1098   JavaValue result(rtype);
1099   JavaCalls::call(&result, method, &java_args, THREAD);
1100 
1101   if (HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION) {
1102     // Method threw an exception; wrap it in an InvocationTargetException
1103     oop target_exception = PENDING_EXCEPTION;
1104     CLEAR_PENDING_EXCEPTION;
1105     // JVMTI has already reported the pending exception
1106     // JVMTI internal flag reset is needed in order to report InvocationTargetException
1107     JvmtiExport::clear_detected_exception(THREAD);
1108 
1109     JavaCallArguments args(Handle(THREAD, target_exception));
1110     THROW_ARG_NULL(vmSymbols::java_lang_reflect_InvocationTargetException(),
1111                    vmSymbols::throwable_void_signature(),
1112                    &args);
1113   } else {
1114     if (rtype == T_BOOLEAN || rtype == T_BYTE || rtype == T_CHAR || rtype == T_SHORT) {
1115       narrow((jvalue*)result.get_value_addr(), rtype, CHECK_NULL);
1116     }
1117     return Reflection::box((jvalue*)result.get_value_addr(), rtype, THREAD);
1118   }
1119 }
1120 
1121 // This would be nicer if, say, java.lang.reflect.Method was a subclass
1122 // of java.lang.reflect.Constructor
1123 
1124 oop Reflection::invoke_method(oop method_mirror, Handle receiver, objArrayHandle args, TRAPS) {
1125   oop mirror             = java_lang_reflect_Method::clazz(method_mirror);
1126   int slot               = java_lang_reflect_Method::slot(method_mirror);
1127   bool override          = java_lang_reflect_Method::override(method_mirror) != 0;
1128   objArrayHandle ptypes(THREAD, objArrayOop(java_lang_reflect_Method::parameter_types(method_mirror)));
1129 
1130   oop return_type_mirror = java_lang_reflect_Method::return_type(method_mirror);
1131   BasicType rtype;
1132   if (java_lang_Class::is_primitive(return_type_mirror)) {
1133     rtype = basic_type_mirror_to_basic_type(return_type_mirror);
1134   } else {
1135     rtype = T_OBJECT;
1136   }
1137 
1138   InstanceKlass* klass = java_lang_Class::as_InstanceKlass(mirror);
1139   Method* m = klass->method_with_idnum(slot);
1140   if (m == nullptr) {
1141     THROW_MSG_NULL(vmSymbols::java_lang_InternalError(), "invoke");
1142   }
1143   methodHandle method(THREAD, m);
1144 
1145   return invoke(klass, method, receiver, override, ptypes, rtype, args, true, THREAD);
1146 }
1147 
1148 
1149 oop Reflection::invoke_constructor(oop constructor_mirror, objArrayHandle args, TRAPS) {
1150   oop mirror             = java_lang_reflect_Constructor::clazz(constructor_mirror);
1151   int slot               = java_lang_reflect_Constructor::slot(constructor_mirror);
1152   bool override          = java_lang_reflect_Constructor::override(constructor_mirror) != 0;
1153   objArrayHandle ptypes(THREAD, objArrayOop(java_lang_reflect_Constructor::parameter_types(constructor_mirror)));
1154 
1155   InstanceKlass* klass = java_lang_Class::as_InstanceKlass(mirror);
1156   Method* m = klass->method_with_idnum(slot);
1157   if (m == nullptr) {
1158     THROW_MSG_NULL(vmSymbols::java_lang_InternalError(), "invoke");
1159   }
1160   methodHandle method(THREAD, m);
1161   assert(method->name() == vmSymbols::object_initializer_name(), "invalid constructor");
1162 
1163   // Make sure klass gets initialize
1164   klass->initialize(CHECK_NULL);
1165 
1166   // Create new instance (the receiver)
1167   klass->check_valid_for_instantiation(false, CHECK_NULL);
1168   Handle receiver = klass->allocate_instance_handle(CHECK_NULL);
1169 
1170   // Ignore result from call and return receiver
1171   invoke(klass, method, receiver, override, ptypes, T_VOID, args, false, CHECK_NULL);
1172   return receiver();
1173 }