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src/java.base/share/classes/java/io/Externalizable.java

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 12  * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
 13  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
 14  * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
 15  * accompanied this code).
 16  *
 17  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
 18  * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
 19  * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
 20  *
 21  * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
 22  * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
 23  * questions.
 24  */
 25 
 26 package java.io;
 27 
 28 import java.io.ObjectOutput;
 29 import java.io.ObjectInput;
 30 
 31 /**
 32  * Only the identity of the class of an Externalizable instance is



 33  * written in the serialization stream and it is the responsibility
 34  * of the class to save and restore the contents of its instances.
 35  *
 36  * The writeExternal and readExternal methods of the Externalizable
 37  * interface are implemented by a class to give the class complete
 38  * control over the format and contents of the stream for an object
 39  * and its supertypes. These methods must explicitly
 40  * coordinate with the supertype to save its state. These methods supersede
 41  * customized implementations of writeObject and readObject methods.<br>
 42  *
 43  * Object Serialization uses the Serializable and Externalizable

 44  * interfaces.  Object persistence mechanisms can use them as well.  Each
 45  * object to be stored is tested for the Externalizable interface. If
 46  * the object supports Externalizable, the writeExternal method is called. If the
 47  * object does not support Externalizable and does implement
 48  * Serializable, the object is saved using
 49  * ObjectOutputStream. <br> When an Externalizable object is
 50  * reconstructed, an instance is created using the public no-arg
 51  * constructor, then the readExternal method called.  Serializable
 52  * objects are restored by reading them from an ObjectInputStream.<br>












 53  *
 54  * An Externalizable instance can designate a substitution object via
 55  * the writeReplace and readResolve methods documented in the Serializable
 56  * interface.<br>









 57  *
 58  * @see java.io.ObjectOutputStream
 59  * @see java.io.ObjectInputStream
 60  * @see java.io.ObjectOutput
 61  * @see java.io.ObjectInput
 62  * @see java.io.Serializable
 63  * @since   1.1
 64  */
 65 public interface Externalizable extends java.io.Serializable {
 66     /**
 67      * The object implements the writeExternal method to save its contents
 68      * by calling the methods of DataOutput for its primitive values or
 69      * calling the writeObject method of ObjectOutput for objects, strings,
 70      * and arrays.
 71      *
 72      * @serialData Overriding methods should use this tag to describe
 73      *             the data layout of this Externalizable object.
 74      *             List the sequence of element types and, if possible,
 75      *             relate the element to a public/protected field and/or
 76      *             method of this Externalizable class.

 12  * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
 13  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
 14  * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
 15  * accompanied this code).
 16  *
 17  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
 18  * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
 19  * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
 20  *
 21  * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
 22  * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
 23  * questions.
 24  */
 25 
 26 package java.io;
 27 
 28 import java.io.ObjectOutput;
 29 import java.io.ObjectInput;
 30 
 31 /**
 32  * A {@code Serializable} class that fully implements its own protocol
 33  * for reading and writing to a serialization stream.
 34  * <p>
 35  * Only the identity of the class of an {@code Externalizable} instance is
 36  * written in the serialization stream and it is the responsibility
 37  * of the class to save and restore the contents of its instances.
 38  * The {@code writeExternal} and {@code readExternal} methods give the
 39  * class complete control over the format and contents of the stream
 40  * for an object and its supertypes. These methods must explicitly


 41  * coordinate with the supertype to save its state. These methods supersede
 42  * customized implementations of {@code writeObject} and {@code readObject}
 43  * methods.
 44  * <p>
 45  * Object Serialization uses the {@code Serializable} and {@code Externalizable}
 46  * interfaces.  Object persistence mechanisms can use them as well.  Each
 47  * object to be stored is tested for the {@code Externalizable} interface. If
 48  * the object supports {@code Externalizable}, the {@code writeExternal} method
 49  * is called. If the object does not support {@code Externalizable} and does
 50  * implement {@code Serializable}, the object is saved using
 51  * {@code ObjectOutputStream}.
 52  * <p>
 53  * When an {@code Externalizable} object is reconstructed, an instance is
 54  * created using the public no-arg constructor, then the
 55  * {@code readExternal} method called.
 56  * <p>
 57  * An {@code Externalizable} instance can designate a substitution object via
 58  * the {@code writeReplace} and {@code readResolve} methods documented in the
 59  * {@link Serializable} interface.
 60  * <p>
 61  * Record classes can implement {@code Externalizable}, but it is ignored:
 62  * instances will receive the same treatment as other {@code Serializable}
 63  * instances, as defined by the
 64  * <a href="{@docRoot}/../specs/serialization/serial-arch.html#serialization-of-records">
 65  * <cite>Java Object Serialization Specification,</cite> Section 1.13,
 66  * "Serialization of Records"</a>.
 67  *
 68  * <div class="preview-block">
 69  *      <div class="preview-comment">
 70  *          <p>{@linkplain Class#isValue Value classes} that are not records are
 71  *          permitted to implement {@code Externalizable}, but the class has no
 72  *          mutable fields, and so is unlikely to be able to properly implement
 73  *          the {@code readExternal} method. Instead, the {@code writeReplace}
 74  *          method should be used to designate an alternative object for
 75  *          serialization. At deserialization time, the alternative object can
 76  *          implement {@code readResolve} to construct the expected value class
 77  *          instance.
 78  *      </div>
 79  * </div>
 80  *
 81  * @see java.io.ObjectOutputStream
 82  * @see java.io.ObjectInputStream
 83  * @see java.io.ObjectOutput
 84  * @see java.io.ObjectInput
 85  * @see java.io.Serializable
 86  * @since   1.1
 87  */
 88 public interface Externalizable extends java.io.Serializable {
 89     /**
 90      * The object implements the writeExternal method to save its contents
 91      * by calling the methods of DataOutput for its primitive values or
 92      * calling the writeObject method of ObjectOutput for objects, strings,
 93      * and arrays.
 94      *
 95      * @serialData Overriding methods should use this tag to describe
 96      *             the data layout of this Externalizable object.
 97      *             List the sequence of element types and, if possible,
 98      *             relate the element to a public/protected field and/or
 99      *             method of this Externalizable class.
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