1 /*
   2  * Copyright (c) 2008, 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
   3  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
   4  *
   5  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
   6  * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
   7  * published by the Free Software Foundation.  Oracle designates this
   8  * particular file as subject to the "Classpath" exception as provided
   9  * by Oracle in the LICENSE file that accompanied this code.
  10  *
  11  * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
  12  * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
  13  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
  14  * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
  15  * accompanied this code).
  16  *
  17  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
  18  * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
  19  * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
  20  *
  21  * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
  22  * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
  23  * questions.
  24  */
  25 
  26 package java.lang.invoke;
  27 
  28 import sun.invoke.util.VerifyAccess;
  29 
  30 import java.lang.reflect.Constructor;
  31 import java.lang.reflect.Field;
  32 import java.lang.reflect.Member;
  33 import java.lang.reflect.Method;
  34 import java.lang.reflect.Modifier;
  35 import java.util.Objects;
  36 
  37 import static java.lang.invoke.MethodHandleNatives.Constants.*;
  38 import static java.lang.invoke.MethodHandleStatics.newIllegalArgumentException;
  39 import static java.lang.invoke.MethodHandleStatics.newInternalError;
  40 
  41 /**
  42  * A {@code MemberName} is a compact symbolic datum which fully characterizes
  43  * a method or field reference.
  44  * A member name refers to a field, method, constructor, or member type.
  45  * Every member name has a simple name (a string) and a type (either a Class or MethodType).
  46  * A member name may also have a non-null declaring class, or it may be simply
  47  * a naked name/type pair.
  48  * A member name may also have non-zero modifier flags.
  49  * Finally, a member name may be either resolved or unresolved.
  50  * If it is resolved, the existence of the named member has been determined by the JVM.
  51  * <p>
  52  * Whether resolved or not, a member name provides no access rights or
  53  * invocation capability to its possessor.  It is merely a compact
  54  * representation of all symbolic information necessary to link to
  55  * and properly use the named member.
  56  * <p>
  57  * When resolved, a member name's internal implementation may include references to JVM metadata.
  58  * This representation is stateless and only descriptive.
  59  * It provides no private information and no capability to use the member.
  60  * <p>
  61  * By contrast, a {@linkplain java.lang.reflect.Method} contains fuller information
  62  * about the internals of a method (except its bytecodes) and also
  63  * allows invocation.  A MemberName is much lighter than a Method,
  64  * since it contains about 7 fields to the 16 of Method (plus its sub-arrays),
  65  * and those seven fields omit much of the information in Method.
  66  * @author jrose
  67  */
  68 
  69 /*non-public*/
  70 final class MemberName implements Member, Cloneable {
  71     private Class<?> clazz;       // class in which the member is defined
  72     private String   name;        // may be null if not yet materialized
  73     private Object   type;        // may be null if not yet materialized
  74     private int      flags;       // modifier bits; see reflect.Modifier
  75     private ResolvedMethodName method;    // cached resolved method information
  76     //@Injected intptr_t       vmindex;   // vtable index or offset of resolved member
  77     Object   resolution;  // if null, this guy is resolved
  78 
  79     /** Return the declaring class of this member.
  80      *  In the case of a bare name and type, the declaring class will be null.
  81      */
  82     public Class<?> getDeclaringClass() {
  83         return clazz;
  84     }
  85 
  86     /** Utility method producing the class loader of the declaring class. */
  87     public ClassLoader getClassLoader() {
  88         return clazz.getClassLoader();
  89     }
  90 
  91     /** Return the simple name of this member.
  92      *  For a type, it is the same as {@link Class#getSimpleName}.
  93      *  For a method or field, it is the simple name of the member.
  94      *  For a constructor, it is always {@code "<init>"}.
  95      */
  96     public String getName() {
  97         if (name == null) {
  98             expandFromVM();
  99             if (name == null) {
 100                 return null;
 101             }
 102         }
 103         return name;
 104     }
 105 
 106     public MethodType getMethodOrFieldType() {
 107         if (isInvocable())
 108             return getMethodType();
 109         if (isGetter())
 110             return MethodType.methodType(getFieldType());
 111         if (isSetter())
 112             return MethodType.methodType(void.class, getFieldType());
 113         throw new InternalError("not a method or field: "+this);
 114     }
 115 
 116     /** Return the declared type of this member, which
 117      *  must be a method or constructor.
 118      */
 119     public MethodType getMethodType() {
 120         if (type == null) {
 121             expandFromVM();
 122             if (type == null) {
 123                 return null;
 124             }
 125         }
 126         if (!isInvocable()) {
 127             throw newIllegalArgumentException("not invocable, no method type");
 128         }
 129 
 130         {
 131             // Get a snapshot of type which doesn't get changed by racing threads.
 132             final Object type = this.type;
 133             if (type instanceof MethodType mt) {
 134                 return mt;
 135             }
 136         }
 137 
 138         // type is not a MethodType yet.  Convert it thread-safely.
 139         synchronized (this) {
 140             if (type instanceof String sig) {
 141                 MethodType res = MethodType.fromDescriptor(sig, getClassLoader());
 142                 type = res;
 143             } else if (type instanceof Object[] typeInfo) {
 144                 Class<?>[] ptypes = (Class<?>[]) typeInfo[1];
 145                 Class<?> rtype = (Class<?>) typeInfo[0];
 146                 MethodType res = MethodType.methodType(rtype, ptypes, true);
 147                 type = res;
 148             }
 149             // Make sure type is a MethodType for racing threads.
 150             assert type instanceof MethodType : "bad method type " + type;
 151         }
 152         return (MethodType) type;
 153     }
 154 
 155     /** Return the descriptor of this member, which
 156      *  must be a method or constructor.
 157      */
 158     String getMethodDescriptor() {
 159         if (type == null) {
 160             expandFromVM();
 161             if (type == null) {
 162                 return null;
 163             }
 164         }
 165         if (!isInvocable()) {
 166             throw newIllegalArgumentException("not invocable, no method type");
 167         }
 168 
 169         // Get a snapshot of type which doesn't get changed by racing threads.
 170         final Object type = this.type;
 171         if (type instanceof String str) {
 172             return str;
 173         } else {
 174             return getMethodType().toMethodDescriptorString();
 175         }
 176     }
 177 
 178     /** Return the actual type under which this method or constructor must be invoked.
 179      *  For non-static methods or constructors, this is the type with a leading parameter,
 180      *  a reference to declaring class.  For static methods, it is the same as the declared type.
 181      */
 182     public MethodType getInvocationType() {
 183         MethodType itype = getMethodOrFieldType();
 184         if (isConstructor() && getReferenceKind() == REF_newInvokeSpecial)
 185             return itype.changeReturnType(clazz);
 186         if (!isStatic())
 187             return itype.insertParameterTypes(0, clazz);
 188         return itype;
 189     }
 190 
 191     /** Return the declared type of this member, which
 192      *  must be a field or type.
 193      *  If it is a type member, that type itself is returned.
 194      */
 195     public Class<?> getFieldType() {
 196         if (type == null) {
 197             expandFromVM();
 198             if (type == null) {
 199                 return null;
 200             }
 201         }
 202         if (isInvocable()) {
 203             throw newIllegalArgumentException("not a field or nested class, no simple type");
 204         }
 205 
 206         {
 207             // Get a snapshot of type which doesn't get changed by racing threads.
 208             final Object type = this.type;
 209             if (type instanceof Class<?> cl) {
 210                 return cl;
 211             }
 212         }
 213 
 214         // type is not a Class yet.  Convert it thread-safely.
 215         synchronized (this) {
 216             if (type instanceof String sig) {
 217                 MethodType mtype = MethodType.fromDescriptor("()"+sig, getClassLoader());
 218                 Class<?> res = mtype.returnType();
 219                 type = res;
 220             }
 221             // Make sure type is a Class for racing threads.
 222             assert type instanceof Class<?> : "bad field type " + type;
 223         }
 224         return (Class<?>) type;
 225     }
 226 
 227     /** Utility method to produce either the method type or field type of this member. */
 228     public Object getType() {
 229         return (isInvocable() ? getMethodType() : getFieldType());
 230     }
 231 
 232     /** Return the modifier flags of this member.
 233      *  @see java.lang.reflect.Modifier
 234      */
 235     public int getModifiers() {
 236         return (flags & RECOGNIZED_MODIFIERS);
 237     }
 238 
 239     /** Return the reference kind of this member, or zero if none.
 240      */
 241     public byte getReferenceKind() {
 242         return (byte) ((flags >>> MN_REFERENCE_KIND_SHIFT) & MN_REFERENCE_KIND_MASK);
 243     }
 244     private boolean referenceKindIsConsistent() {
 245         byte refKind = getReferenceKind();
 246         if (refKind == REF_NONE)  return isType();
 247         if (isField()) {
 248             assert(staticIsConsistent());
 249             assert(MethodHandleNatives.refKindIsField(refKind));
 250         } else if (isConstructor()) {
 251             assert(refKind == REF_newInvokeSpecial || refKind == REF_invokeSpecial);
 252         } else if (isMethod()) {
 253             assert(staticIsConsistent());
 254             assert(MethodHandleNatives.refKindIsMethod(refKind));
 255             if (clazz.isInterface())
 256                 assert(refKind == REF_invokeInterface ||
 257                        refKind == REF_invokeStatic    ||
 258                        refKind == REF_invokeSpecial   ||
 259                        refKind == REF_invokeVirtual && isObjectPublicMethod());
 260         } else {
 261             assert(false);
 262         }
 263         return true;
 264     }
 265     private boolean isObjectPublicMethod() {
 266         if (clazz == Object.class)  return true;
 267         MethodType mtype = getMethodType();
 268         if (name.equals("toString") && mtype.returnType() == String.class && mtype.parameterCount() == 0)
 269             return true;
 270         if (name.equals("hashCode") && mtype.returnType() == int.class && mtype.parameterCount() == 0)
 271             return true;
 272         if (name.equals("equals") && mtype.returnType() == boolean.class && mtype.parameterCount() == 1 && mtype.parameterType(0) == Object.class)
 273             return true;
 274         return false;
 275     }
 276 
 277     /*non-public*/
 278     boolean referenceKindIsConsistentWith(int originalRefKind) {
 279         int refKind = getReferenceKind();
 280         if (refKind == originalRefKind) return true;
 281         if (getClass().desiredAssertionStatus()) {
 282             switch (originalRefKind) {
 283                 case REF_invokeInterface -> {
 284                     // Looking up an interface method, can get (e.g.) Object.hashCode
 285                     assert (refKind == REF_invokeVirtual || refKind == REF_invokeSpecial) : this;
 286                 }
 287                 case REF_invokeVirtual, REF_newInvokeSpecial -> {
 288                     // Looked up a virtual, can get (e.g.) final String.hashCode.
 289                     assert (refKind == REF_invokeSpecial) : this;
 290                 }
 291                 default -> {
 292                     assert (false) : this + " != " + MethodHandleNatives.refKindName((byte) originalRefKind);
 293                 }
 294             }
 295         }
 296         return true;
 297     }
 298     private boolean staticIsConsistent() {
 299         byte refKind = getReferenceKind();
 300         return MethodHandleNatives.refKindIsStatic(refKind) == isStatic() || getModifiers() == 0;
 301     }
 302     private boolean vminfoIsConsistent() {
 303         byte refKind = getReferenceKind();
 304         assert(isResolved());  // else don't call
 305         Object vminfo = MethodHandleNatives.getMemberVMInfo(this);
 306         assert(vminfo instanceof Object[]);
 307         long vmindex = (Long) ((Object[])vminfo)[0];
 308         Object vmtarget = ((Object[])vminfo)[1];
 309         if (MethodHandleNatives.refKindIsField(refKind)) {
 310             assert(vmindex >= 0) : vmindex + ":" + this;
 311             assert(vmtarget instanceof Class);
 312         } else {
 313             if (MethodHandleNatives.refKindDoesDispatch(refKind))
 314                 assert(vmindex >= 0) : vmindex + ":" + this;
 315             else
 316                 assert(vmindex < 0) : vmindex;
 317             assert(vmtarget instanceof MemberName) : vmtarget + " in " + this;
 318         }
 319         return true;
 320     }
 321 
 322     private MemberName changeReferenceKind(byte refKind, byte oldKind) {
 323         assert(getReferenceKind() == oldKind && MethodHandleNatives.refKindIsValid(refKind));
 324         flags += (((int)refKind - oldKind) << MN_REFERENCE_KIND_SHIFT);
 325         return this;
 326     }
 327 
 328     private boolean matchingFlagsSet(int mask, int flags) {
 329         return (this.flags & mask) == flags;
 330     }
 331     private boolean allFlagsSet(int flags) {
 332         return (this.flags & flags) == flags;
 333     }
 334     private boolean anyFlagSet(int flags) {
 335         return (this.flags & flags) != 0;
 336     }
 337 
 338     /** Utility method to query if this member is a method handle invocation (invoke or invokeExact).
 339      */
 340     public boolean isMethodHandleInvoke() {
 341         final int bits = MH_INVOKE_MODS &~ Modifier.PUBLIC;
 342         final int negs = Modifier.STATIC;
 343         if (matchingFlagsSet(bits | negs, bits) && clazz == MethodHandle.class) {
 344             return isMethodHandleInvokeName(name);
 345         }
 346         return false;
 347     }
 348     public static boolean isMethodHandleInvokeName(String name) {
 349         return switch (name) {
 350             case "invoke", "invokeExact" -> true;
 351             default -> false;
 352         };
 353     }
 354     public boolean isVarHandleMethodInvoke() {
 355         final int bits = MH_INVOKE_MODS &~ Modifier.PUBLIC;
 356         final int negs = Modifier.STATIC;
 357         if (matchingFlagsSet(bits | negs, bits) && clazz == VarHandle.class) {
 358             return isVarHandleMethodInvokeName(name);
 359         }
 360         return false;
 361     }
 362     public static boolean isVarHandleMethodInvokeName(String name) {
 363         try {
 364             VarHandle.AccessMode.valueFromMethodName(name);
 365             return true;
 366         } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
 367             return false;
 368         }
 369     }
 370     private static final int MH_INVOKE_MODS = Modifier.NATIVE | Modifier.FINAL | Modifier.PUBLIC;
 371 
 372     /** Utility method to query the modifier flags of this member. */
 373     public boolean isStatic() {
 374         return Modifier.isStatic(flags);
 375     }
 376     /** Utility method to query the modifier flags of this member. */
 377     public boolean isPublic() {
 378         return Modifier.isPublic(flags);
 379     }
 380     /** Utility method to query the modifier flags of this member. */
 381     public boolean isPrivate() {
 382         return Modifier.isPrivate(flags);
 383     }
 384     /** Utility method to query the modifier flags of this member. */
 385     public boolean isProtected() {
 386         return Modifier.isProtected(flags);
 387     }
 388     /** Utility method to query the modifier flags of this member. */
 389     public boolean isFinal() {
 390         return Modifier.isFinal(flags);
 391     }
 392     /** Utility method to query whether this member or its defining class is final. */
 393     public boolean canBeStaticallyBound() {
 394         return Modifier.isFinal(flags | clazz.getModifiers());
 395     }
 396     /** Utility method to query the modifier flags of this member. */
 397     public boolean isVolatile() {
 398         return Modifier.isVolatile(flags);
 399     }
 400     /** Utility method to query the modifier flags of this member. */
 401     public boolean isAbstract() {
 402         return Modifier.isAbstract(flags);
 403     }
 404     /** Utility method to query the modifier flags of this member. */
 405     public boolean isNative() {
 406         return Modifier.isNative(flags);
 407     }
 408     // let the rest (native, volatile, transient, etc.) be tested via Modifier.isFoo
 409 
 410     // unofficial modifier flags, used by HotSpot:
 411     static final int BRIDGE    = 0x00000040;
 412     static final int VARARGS   = 0x00000080;
 413     static final int SYNTHETIC = 0x00001000;
 414     static final int ANNOTATION= 0x00002000;
 415     static final int ENUM      = 0x00004000;
 416     /** Utility method to query the modifier flags of this member; returns false if the member is not a method. */
 417     public boolean isBridge() {
 418         return allFlagsSet(IS_METHOD | BRIDGE);
 419     }
 420     /** Utility method to query the modifier flags of this member; returns false if the member is not a method. */
 421     public boolean isVarargs() {
 422         return allFlagsSet(VARARGS) && isInvocable();
 423     }
 424     /** Utility method to query the modifier flags of this member; returns false if the member is not a method. */
 425     public boolean isSynthetic() {
 426         return allFlagsSet(SYNTHETIC);
 427     }
 428 
 429     static final String CONSTRUCTOR_NAME = "<init>";  // the ever-popular
 430 
 431     // modifiers exported by the JVM:
 432     static final int RECOGNIZED_MODIFIERS = 0xFFFF;
 433 
 434     // private flags, not part of RECOGNIZED_MODIFIERS:
 435     static final int
 436             IS_METHOD        = MN_IS_METHOD,        // method (not constructor)
 437             IS_CONSTRUCTOR   = MN_IS_CONSTRUCTOR,   // constructor
 438             IS_FIELD         = MN_IS_FIELD,         // field
 439             IS_TYPE          = MN_IS_TYPE,          // nested type
 440             CALLER_SENSITIVE = MN_CALLER_SENSITIVE, // @CallerSensitive annotation detected
 441             TRUSTED_FINAL    = MN_TRUSTED_FINAL;    // trusted final field
 442 
 443     static final int ALL_ACCESS = Modifier.PUBLIC | Modifier.PRIVATE | Modifier.PROTECTED;
 444     static final int ALL_KINDS = IS_METHOD | IS_CONSTRUCTOR | IS_FIELD | IS_TYPE;
 445     static final int IS_INVOCABLE = IS_METHOD | IS_CONSTRUCTOR;
 446 
 447     /** Utility method to query whether this member is a method or constructor. */
 448     public boolean isInvocable() {
 449         return anyFlagSet(IS_INVOCABLE);
 450     }
 451     /** Query whether this member is a method. */
 452     public boolean isMethod() {
 453         return allFlagsSet(IS_METHOD);
 454     }
 455     /** Query whether this member is a constructor. */
 456     public boolean isConstructor() {
 457         return allFlagsSet(IS_CONSTRUCTOR);
 458     }
 459     /** Query whether this member is a field. */
 460     public boolean isField() {
 461         return allFlagsSet(IS_FIELD);
 462     }
 463     /** Query whether this member is a type. */
 464     public boolean isType() {
 465         return allFlagsSet(IS_TYPE);
 466     }
 467     /** Utility method to query whether this member is neither public, private, nor protected. */
 468     public boolean isPackage() {
 469         return !anyFlagSet(ALL_ACCESS);
 470     }
 471     /** Query whether this member has a CallerSensitive annotation. */
 472     public boolean isCallerSensitive() {
 473         return allFlagsSet(CALLER_SENSITIVE);
 474     }
 475     /** Query whether this member is a trusted final field. */
 476     public boolean isTrustedFinalField() {
 477         return allFlagsSet(TRUSTED_FINAL | IS_FIELD);
 478     }
 479 
 480     /**
 481      * Check if MemberName is a call to a method named {@code name} in class {@code declaredClass}.
 482      */
 483     public boolean refersTo(Class<?> declc, String n) {
 484         return clazz == declc && getName().equals(n);
 485     }
 486 
 487     /** Initialize a query.   It is not resolved. */
 488     private void init(Class<?> defClass, String name, Object type, int flags) {
 489         // defining class is allowed to be null (for a naked name/type pair)
 490         //name.toString();  // null check
 491         //type.equals(type);  // null check
 492         // fill in fields:
 493         this.clazz = defClass;
 494         this.name = name;
 495         this.type = type;
 496         this.flags = flags;
 497         assert(anyFlagSet(ALL_KINDS) && this.resolution == null);  // nobody should have touched this yet
 498         //assert(referenceKindIsConsistent());  // do this after resolution
 499     }
 500 
 501     /**
 502      * Calls down to the VM to fill in the fields.  This method is
 503      * synchronized to avoid racing calls.
 504      */
 505     private void expandFromVM() {
 506         if (type != null) {
 507             return;
 508         }
 509         if (!isResolved()) {
 510             return;
 511         }
 512         MethodHandleNatives.expand(this);
 513     }
 514 
 515     // Capturing information from the Core Reflection API:
 516     private static int flagsMods(int flags, int mods, byte refKind) {
 517         assert((flags & RECOGNIZED_MODIFIERS) == 0
 518                 && (mods & ~RECOGNIZED_MODIFIERS) == 0
 519                 && (refKind & ~MN_REFERENCE_KIND_MASK) == 0);
 520         return flags | mods | (refKind << MN_REFERENCE_KIND_SHIFT);
 521     }
 522     /** Create a name for the given reflected method.  The resulting name will be in a resolved state. */
 523     public MemberName(Method m) {
 524         this(m, false);
 525     }
 526     @SuppressWarnings("LeakingThisInConstructor")
 527     public MemberName(Method m, boolean wantSpecial) {
 528         Objects.requireNonNull(m);
 529         // fill in vmtarget, vmindex while we have m in hand:
 530         MethodHandleNatives.init(this, m);
 531         if (clazz == null) {  // MHN.init failed
 532             if (m.getDeclaringClass() == MethodHandle.class &&
 533                 isMethodHandleInvokeName(m.getName())) {
 534                 // The JVM did not reify this signature-polymorphic instance.
 535                 // Need a special case here.
 536                 // See comments on MethodHandleNatives.linkMethod.
 537                 MethodType type = MethodType.methodType(m.getReturnType(), m.getParameterTypes());
 538                 int flags = flagsMods(IS_METHOD, m.getModifiers(), REF_invokeVirtual);
 539                 init(MethodHandle.class, m.getName(), type, flags);
 540                 if (isMethodHandleInvoke())
 541                     return;
 542             }
 543             if (m.getDeclaringClass() == VarHandle.class &&
 544                 isVarHandleMethodInvokeName(m.getName())) {
 545                 // The JVM did not reify this signature-polymorphic instance.
 546                 // Need a special case here.
 547                 // See comments on MethodHandleNatives.linkMethod.
 548                 MethodType type = MethodType.methodType(m.getReturnType(), m.getParameterTypes());
 549                 int flags = flagsMods(IS_METHOD, m.getModifiers(), REF_invokeVirtual);
 550                 init(VarHandle.class, m.getName(), type, flags);
 551                 if (isVarHandleMethodInvoke())
 552                     return;
 553             }
 554             throw new LinkageError(m.toString());
 555         }
 556         assert(isResolved());
 557         this.name = m.getName();
 558         if (this.type == null)
 559             this.type = new Object[] { m.getReturnType(), m.getParameterTypes() };
 560         if (wantSpecial) {
 561             if (isAbstract())
 562                 throw new AbstractMethodError(this.toString());
 563             if (getReferenceKind() == REF_invokeVirtual)
 564                 changeReferenceKind(REF_invokeSpecial, REF_invokeVirtual);
 565             else if (getReferenceKind() == REF_invokeInterface)
 566                 // invokeSpecial on a default method
 567                 changeReferenceKind(REF_invokeSpecial, REF_invokeInterface);
 568         }
 569     }
 570     public MemberName asSpecial() {
 571         switch (getReferenceKind()) {
 572         case REF_invokeSpecial:     return this;
 573         case REF_invokeVirtual:     return clone().changeReferenceKind(REF_invokeSpecial, REF_invokeVirtual);
 574         case REF_invokeInterface:   return clone().changeReferenceKind(REF_invokeSpecial, REF_invokeInterface);
 575         case REF_newInvokeSpecial:  return clone().changeReferenceKind(REF_invokeSpecial, REF_newInvokeSpecial);
 576         }
 577         throw new IllegalArgumentException(this.toString());
 578     }
 579     /** If this MN is not REF_newInvokeSpecial, return a clone with that ref. kind.
 580      *  In that case it must already be REF_invokeSpecial.
 581      */
 582     public MemberName asConstructor() {
 583         switch (getReferenceKind()) {
 584         case REF_invokeSpecial:     return clone().changeReferenceKind(REF_newInvokeSpecial, REF_invokeSpecial);
 585         case REF_newInvokeSpecial:  return this;
 586         }
 587         throw new IllegalArgumentException(this.toString());
 588     }
 589     /** If this MN is a REF_invokeSpecial, return a clone with the "normal" kind
 590      *  REF_invokeVirtual; also switch either to REF_invokeInterface if clazz.isInterface.
 591      *  The end result is to get a fully virtualized version of the MN.
 592      *  (Note that resolving in the JVM will sometimes devirtualize, changing
 593      *  REF_invokeVirtual of a final to REF_invokeSpecial, and REF_invokeInterface
 594      *  in some corner cases to either of the previous two; this transform
 595      *  undoes that change under the assumption that it occurred.)
 596      */
 597     public MemberName asNormalOriginal() {
 598         byte refKind = getReferenceKind();
 599         byte newRefKind = switch (refKind) {
 600             case REF_invokeInterface,
 601                  REF_invokeVirtual,
 602                  REF_invokeSpecial -> clazz.isInterface() ? REF_invokeInterface : REF_invokeVirtual;
 603             default -> refKind;
 604         };
 605         if (newRefKind == refKind)
 606             return this;
 607         MemberName result = clone().changeReferenceKind(newRefKind, refKind);
 608         assert(this.referenceKindIsConsistentWith(result.getReferenceKind()));
 609         return result;
 610     }
 611     /** Create a name for the given reflected constructor.  The resulting name will be in a resolved state. */
 612     @SuppressWarnings("LeakingThisInConstructor")
 613     public MemberName(Constructor<?> ctor) {
 614         Objects.requireNonNull(ctor);
 615         // fill in vmtarget, vmindex while we have ctor in hand:
 616         MethodHandleNatives.init(this, ctor);
 617         assert(isResolved() && this.clazz != null);
 618         this.name = CONSTRUCTOR_NAME;
 619         if (this.type == null)
 620             this.type = new Object[] { void.class, ctor.getParameterTypes() };
 621     }
 622     /** Create a name for the given reflected field.  The resulting name will be in a resolved state.
 623      */
 624     public MemberName(Field fld) {
 625         this(fld, false);
 626     }
 627     static {
 628         // the following MemberName constructor relies on these ranges matching up
 629         assert((REF_putStatic - REF_getStatic) == (REF_putField - REF_getField));
 630     }
 631     @SuppressWarnings("LeakingThisInConstructor")
 632     public MemberName(Field fld, boolean makeSetter) {
 633         Objects.requireNonNull(fld);
 634         // fill in vmtarget, vmindex while we have fld in hand:
 635         MethodHandleNatives.init(this, fld);
 636         assert(isResolved() && this.clazz != null);
 637         this.name = fld.getName();
 638         this.type = fld.getType();
 639         byte refKind = this.getReferenceKind();
 640         assert(refKind == (isStatic() ? REF_getStatic : REF_getField));
 641         if (makeSetter) {
 642             changeReferenceKind((byte)(refKind + (REF_putStatic - REF_getStatic)), refKind);
 643         }
 644     }
 645     public boolean isGetter() {
 646         return MethodHandleNatives.refKindIsGetter(getReferenceKind());
 647     }
 648     public boolean isSetter() {
 649         return MethodHandleNatives.refKindIsSetter(getReferenceKind());
 650     }
 651 
 652     /** Create a name for the given class.  The resulting name will be in a resolved state. */
 653     public MemberName(Class<?> type) {
 654         init(type.getDeclaringClass(), type.getSimpleName(), type,
 655                 flagsMods(IS_TYPE, type.getModifiers(), REF_NONE));
 656         initResolved(true);
 657     }
 658 
 659     /**
 660      * Create a name for a signature-polymorphic invoker.
 661      * This is a placeholder for a signature-polymorphic instance
 662      * (of MH.invokeExact, etc.) that the JVM does not reify.
 663      * See comments on {@link MethodHandleNatives#linkMethod}.
 664      */
 665     static MemberName makeMethodHandleInvoke(String name, MethodType type) {
 666         return makeMethodHandleInvoke(name, type, MH_INVOKE_MODS | SYNTHETIC);
 667     }
 668     static MemberName makeMethodHandleInvoke(String name, MethodType type, int mods) {
 669         MemberName mem = new MemberName(MethodHandle.class, name, type, REF_invokeVirtual);
 670         mem.flags |= mods;  // it's not resolved, but add these modifiers anyway
 671         assert(mem.isMethodHandleInvoke()) : mem;
 672         return mem;
 673     }
 674 
 675     static MemberName makeVarHandleMethodInvoke(String name, MethodType type) {
 676         return makeVarHandleMethodInvoke(name, type, MH_INVOKE_MODS | SYNTHETIC);
 677     }
 678     static MemberName makeVarHandleMethodInvoke(String name, MethodType type, int mods) {
 679         MemberName mem = new MemberName(VarHandle.class, name, type, REF_invokeVirtual);
 680         mem.flags |= mods;  // it's not resolved, but add these modifiers anyway
 681         assert(mem.isVarHandleMethodInvoke()) : mem;
 682         return mem;
 683     }
 684 
 685     // bare-bones constructor; the JVM will fill it in
 686     MemberName() { }
 687 
 688     // locally useful cloner
 689     @Override protected MemberName clone() {
 690         try {
 691             return (MemberName) super.clone();
 692         } catch (CloneNotSupportedException ex) {
 693             throw newInternalError(ex);
 694         }
 695      }
 696 
 697     /** Get the definition of this member name.
 698      *  This may be in a super-class of the declaring class of this member.
 699      */
 700     public MemberName getDefinition() {
 701         if (!isResolved())  throw new IllegalStateException("must be resolved: "+this);
 702         if (isType())  return this;
 703         MemberName res = this.clone();
 704         res.clazz = null;
 705         res.type = null;
 706         res.name = null;
 707         res.resolution = res;
 708         res.expandFromVM();
 709         assert(res.getName().equals(this.getName()));
 710         return res;
 711     }
 712 
 713     @Override
 714     @SuppressWarnings({"deprecation", "removal"})
 715     public int hashCode() {
 716         // Avoid autoboxing getReferenceKind(), since this is used early and will force
 717         // early initialization of Byte$ByteCache
 718         return Objects.hash(clazz, new Byte(getReferenceKind()), name, getType());
 719     }
 720 
 721     @Override
 722     public boolean equals(Object that) {
 723         return that instanceof MemberName mn && this.equals(mn);
 724     }
 725 
 726     /** Decide if two member names have exactly the same symbolic content.
 727      *  Does not take into account any actual class members, so even if
 728      *  two member names resolve to the same actual member, they may
 729      *  be distinct references.
 730      */
 731     public boolean equals(MemberName that) {
 732         if (this == that)  return true;
 733         if (that == null)  return false;
 734         return this.clazz == that.clazz
 735                 && this.getReferenceKind() == that.getReferenceKind()
 736                 && Objects.equals(this.name, that.name)
 737                 && Objects.equals(this.getType(), that.getType());
 738     }
 739 
 740     // Construction from symbolic parts, for queries:
 741     /** Create a field or type name from the given components:
 742      *  Declaring class, name, type, reference kind.
 743      *  The declaring class may be supplied as null if this is to be a bare name and type.
 744      *  The resulting name will in an unresolved state.
 745      */
 746     public MemberName(Class<?> defClass, String name, Class<?> type, byte refKind) {
 747         init(defClass, name, type, flagsMods(IS_FIELD, 0, refKind));
 748         initResolved(false);
 749     }
 750     /** Create a method or constructor name from the given components:
 751      *  Declaring class, name, type, reference kind.
 752      *  It will be a constructor if and only if the name is {@code "<init>"}.
 753      *  The declaring class may be supplied as null if this is to be a bare name and type.
 754      *  The last argument is optional, a boolean which requests REF_invokeSpecial.
 755      *  The resulting name will in an unresolved state.
 756      */
 757     public MemberName(Class<?> defClass, String name, MethodType type, byte refKind) {
 758         int initFlags = (name != null && name.equals(CONSTRUCTOR_NAME) ? IS_CONSTRUCTOR : IS_METHOD);
 759         init(defClass, name, type, flagsMods(initFlags, 0, refKind));
 760         initResolved(false);
 761     }
 762     /** Create a method, constructor, or field name from the given components:
 763      *  Reference kind, declaring class, name, type.
 764      */
 765     public MemberName(byte refKind, Class<?> defClass, String name, Object type) {
 766         int kindFlags;
 767         if (MethodHandleNatives.refKindIsField(refKind)) {
 768             kindFlags = IS_FIELD;
 769             if (!(type instanceof Class))
 770                 throw newIllegalArgumentException("not a field type");
 771         } else if (MethodHandleNatives.refKindIsMethod(refKind)) {
 772             kindFlags = IS_METHOD;
 773             if (!(type instanceof MethodType))
 774                 throw newIllegalArgumentException("not a method type");
 775         } else if (refKind == REF_newInvokeSpecial) {
 776             kindFlags = IS_CONSTRUCTOR;
 777             if (!(type instanceof MethodType) ||
 778                 !CONSTRUCTOR_NAME.equals(name))
 779                 throw newIllegalArgumentException("not a constructor type or name");
 780         } else {
 781             throw newIllegalArgumentException("bad reference kind "+refKind);
 782         }
 783         init(defClass, name, type, flagsMods(kindFlags, 0, refKind));
 784         initResolved(false);
 785     }
 786 
 787     /** Query whether this member name is resolved.
 788      *  A resolved member name is one for which the JVM has found
 789      *  a method, constructor, field, or type binding corresponding exactly to the name.
 790      *  (Document?)
 791      */
 792     public boolean isResolved() {
 793         return resolution == null;
 794     }
 795 
 796     void initResolved(boolean isResolved) {
 797         assert(this.resolution == null);  // not initialized yet!
 798         if (!isResolved)
 799             this.resolution = this;
 800         assert(isResolved() == isResolved);
 801     }
 802 
 803     void checkForTypeAlias(Class<?> refc) {
 804         if (isInvocable()) {
 805             MethodType type;
 806             if (this.type instanceof MethodType mt)
 807                 type = mt;
 808             else
 809                 this.type = type = getMethodType();
 810             if (type.erase() == type)  return;
 811             if (VerifyAccess.isTypeVisible(type, refc))  return;
 812             throw new LinkageError("bad method type alias: "+type+" not visible from "+refc);
 813         } else {
 814             Class<?> type;
 815             if (this.type instanceof Class<?> cl)
 816                 type = cl;
 817             else
 818                 this.type = type = getFieldType();
 819             if (VerifyAccess.isTypeVisible(type, refc))  return;
 820             throw new LinkageError("bad field type alias: "+type+" not visible from "+refc);
 821         }
 822     }
 823 
 824 
 825     /** Produce a string form of this member name.
 826      *  For types, it is simply the type's own string (as reported by {@code toString}).
 827      *  For fields, it is {@code "DeclaringClass.name/type"}.
 828      *  For methods and constructors, it is {@code "DeclaringClass.name(ptype...)rtype"}.
 829      *  If the declaring class is null, the prefix {@code "DeclaringClass."} is omitted.
 830      *  If the member is unresolved, a prefix {@code "*."} is prepended.
 831      */
 832     @SuppressWarnings("LocalVariableHidesMemberVariable")
 833     @Override
 834     public String toString() {
 835         if (isType())
 836             return type.toString();  // class java.lang.String
 837         // else it is a field, method, or constructor
 838         StringBuilder buf = new StringBuilder();
 839         if (getDeclaringClass() != null) {
 840             buf.append(getName(clazz));
 841             buf.append('.');
 842         }
 843         String name = this.name; // avoid expanding from VM
 844         buf.append(name == null ? "*" : name);
 845         Object type = this.type; // avoid expanding from VM
 846         if (!isInvocable()) {
 847             buf.append('/');
 848             buf.append(type == null ? "*" : getName(type));
 849         } else {
 850             buf.append(type == null ? "(*)*" : getName(type));
 851         }
 852         byte refKind = getReferenceKind();
 853         if (refKind != REF_NONE) {
 854             buf.append('/');
 855             buf.append(MethodHandleNatives.refKindName(refKind));
 856         }
 857         //buf.append("#").append(System.identityHashCode(this));
 858         return buf.toString();
 859     }
 860     private static String getName(Object obj) {
 861         if (obj instanceof Class<?> cl)
 862             return cl.getName();
 863         return String.valueOf(obj);
 864     }
 865 
 866     public IllegalAccessException makeAccessException(String message, Object from) {
 867         message = message + ": " + this;
 868         if (from != null)  {
 869             if (from == MethodHandles.publicLookup()) {
 870                 message += ", from public Lookup";
 871             } else {
 872                 Module m;
 873                 Class<?> plc;
 874                 if (from instanceof MethodHandles.Lookup lookup) {
 875                     from = lookup.lookupClass();
 876                     m = lookup.lookupClass().getModule();
 877                     plc = lookup.previousLookupClass();
 878                 } else {
 879                     m = ((Class<?>)from).getModule();
 880                     plc = null;
 881                 }
 882                 message += ", from " + from + " (" + m + ")";
 883                 if (plc != null) {
 884                     message += ", previous lookup " +
 885                         plc.getName() + " (" + plc.getModule() + ")";
 886                 }
 887             }
 888         }
 889         return new IllegalAccessException(message);
 890     }
 891     private String message() {
 892         if (isResolved())
 893             return "no access";
 894         else if (isConstructor())
 895             return "no such constructor";
 896         else if (isMethod())
 897             return "no such method";
 898         else
 899             return "no such field";
 900     }
 901     public ReflectiveOperationException makeAccessException() {
 902         String message = message() + ": " + this;
 903         ReflectiveOperationException ex;
 904         if (isResolved() || !(resolution instanceof NoSuchMethodError ||
 905                               resolution instanceof NoSuchFieldError))
 906             ex = new IllegalAccessException(message);
 907         else if (isConstructor())
 908             ex = new NoSuchMethodException(message);
 909         else if (isMethod())
 910             ex = new NoSuchMethodException(message);
 911         else
 912             ex = new NoSuchFieldException(message);
 913         if (resolution instanceof Throwable res)
 914             ex.initCause(res);
 915         return ex;
 916     }
 917 
 918     /** Actually making a query requires an access check. */
 919     /*non-public*/
 920     static Factory getFactory() {
 921         return Factory.INSTANCE;
 922     }
 923     /** A factory type for resolving member names with the help of the VM.
 924      *  TBD: Define access-safe public constructors for this factory.
 925      */
 926     /*non-public*/
 927     static class Factory {
 928         private Factory() { } // singleton pattern
 929         static final Factory INSTANCE = new Factory();
 930 
 931         /** Produce a resolved version of the given member.
 932          *  Super types are searched (for inherited members) if {@code searchSupers} is true.
 933          *  Access checking is performed on behalf of the given {@code lookupClass}.
 934          *  If lookup fails or access is not permitted, null is returned.
 935          *  Otherwise a fresh copy of the given member is returned, with modifier bits filled in.
 936          */
 937         private MemberName resolve(byte refKind, MemberName ref, Class<?> lookupClass, int allowedModes,
 938                                    boolean speculativeResolve) {
 939             MemberName m = ref.clone();  // JVM will side-effect the ref
 940             assert(refKind == m.getReferenceKind());
 941             try {
 942                 // There are 4 entities in play here:
 943                 //   * LC: lookupClass
 944                 //   * REFC: symbolic reference class (MN.clazz before resolution);
 945                 //   * DEFC: resolved method holder (MN.clazz after resolution);
 946                 //   * PTYPES: parameter types (MN.type)
 947                 //
 948                 // What we care about when resolving a MemberName is consistency between DEFC and PTYPES.
 949                 // We do type alias (TA) checks on DEFC to ensure that. DEFC is not known until the JVM
 950                 // finishes the resolution, so do TA checks right after MHN.resolve() is over.
 951                 //
 952                 // All parameters passed by a caller are checked against MH type (PTYPES) on every invocation,
 953                 // so it is safe to call a MH from any context.
 954                 //
 955                 // REFC view on PTYPES doesn't matter, since it is used only as a starting point for resolution and doesn't
 956                 // participate in method selection.
 957                 m = MethodHandleNatives.resolve(m, lookupClass, allowedModes, speculativeResolve);
 958                 if (m == null && speculativeResolve) {
 959                     return null;
 960                 }
 961                 m.checkForTypeAlias(m.getDeclaringClass());
 962                 m.resolution = null;
 963             } catch (ClassNotFoundException | LinkageError ex) {
 964                 // JVM reports that the "bytecode behavior" would get an error
 965                 assert(!m.isResolved());
 966                 m.resolution = ex;
 967                 return m;
 968             }
 969             assert(m.referenceKindIsConsistent());
 970             m.initResolved(true);
 971             assert(m.vminfoIsConsistent());
 972             return m;
 973         }
 974         /** Produce a resolved version of the given member.
 975          *  Super types are searched (for inherited members) if {@code searchSupers} is true.
 976          *  Access checking is performed on behalf of the given {@code lookupClass}.
 977          *  If lookup fails or access is not permitted, a {@linkplain ReflectiveOperationException} is thrown.
 978          *  Otherwise a fresh copy of the given member is returned, with modifier bits filled in.
 979          */
 980         public <NoSuchMemberException extends ReflectiveOperationException>
 981                 MemberName resolveOrFail(byte refKind, MemberName m,
 982                                          Class<?> lookupClass, int allowedModes,
 983                                          Class<NoSuchMemberException> nsmClass)
 984                 throws IllegalAccessException, NoSuchMemberException {
 985             assert lookupClass != null || allowedModes == LM_TRUSTED;
 986             MemberName result = resolve(refKind, m, lookupClass, allowedModes, false);
 987             if (result.isResolved())
 988                 return result;
 989             ReflectiveOperationException ex = result.makeAccessException();
 990             if (ex instanceof IllegalAccessException iae) throw iae;
 991             throw nsmClass.cast(ex);
 992         }
 993         /** Produce a resolved version of the given member.
 994          *  Super types are searched (for inherited members) if {@code searchSupers} is true.
 995          *  Access checking is performed on behalf of the given {@code lookupClass}.
 996          *  If lookup fails or access is not permitted, return null.
 997          *  Otherwise a fresh copy of the given member is returned, with modifier bits filled in.
 998          */
 999         public MemberName resolveOrNull(byte refKind, MemberName m, Class<?> lookupClass, int allowedModes) {
1000             assert lookupClass != null || allowedModes == LM_TRUSTED;
1001             MemberName result = resolve(refKind, m, lookupClass, allowedModes, true);
1002             if (result != null && result.isResolved())
1003                 return result;
1004             return null;
1005         }
1006     }
1007 }