1 /*
  2  * Copyright (c) 2012, 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  3  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  4  *
  5  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
  6  * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
  7  * published by the Free Software Foundation.  Oracle designates this
  8  * particular file as subject to the "Classpath" exception as provided
  9  * by Oracle in the LICENSE file that accompanied this code.
 10  *
 11  * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
 12  * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
 13  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
 14  * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
 15  * accompanied this code).
 16  *
 17  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
 18  * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
 19  * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
 20  *
 21  * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
 22  * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
 23  * questions.
 24  */
 25 
 26 /*
 27  * Copyright (c) 2012, Stephen Colebourne & Michael Nascimento Santos
 28  *
 29  * All rights reserved.
 30  *
 31  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 32  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
 33  *
 34  *  * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
 35  *    this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 36  *
 37  *  * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice,
 38  *    this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation
 39  *    and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
 40  *
 41  *  * Neither the name of JSR-310 nor the names of its contributors
 42  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
 43  *    without specific prior written permission.
 44  *
 45  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
 46  * "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
 47  * LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
 48  * A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR
 49  * CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL,
 50  * EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
 51  * PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR
 52  * PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF
 53  * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING
 54  * NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS
 55  * SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
 56  */
 57 package java.time.chrono;
 58 
 59 import static java.time.temporal.ChronoField.ALIGNED_DAY_OF_WEEK_IN_MONTH;
 60 import static java.time.temporal.ChronoField.ALIGNED_DAY_OF_WEEK_IN_YEAR;
 61 import static java.time.temporal.ChronoField.ALIGNED_WEEK_OF_MONTH;
 62 import static java.time.temporal.ChronoField.ALIGNED_WEEK_OF_YEAR;
 63 import static java.time.temporal.ChronoField.DAY_OF_MONTH;
 64 import static java.time.temporal.ChronoField.MONTH_OF_YEAR;
 65 import static java.time.temporal.ChronoField.YEAR;
 66 
 67 import java.io.DataInput;
 68 import java.io.DataOutput;
 69 import java.io.IOException;
 70 import java.io.InvalidObjectException;
 71 import java.io.ObjectInputStream;
 72 import java.io.Serializable;
 73 import java.time.Clock;
 74 import java.time.DateTimeException;
 75 import java.time.LocalDate;
 76 import java.time.LocalTime;
 77 import java.time.Period;
 78 import java.time.ZoneId;
 79 import java.time.temporal.ChronoField;
 80 import java.time.temporal.TemporalAccessor;
 81 import java.time.temporal.TemporalAdjuster;
 82 import java.time.temporal.TemporalAmount;
 83 import java.time.temporal.TemporalField;
 84 import java.time.temporal.TemporalQuery;
 85 import java.time.temporal.TemporalUnit;
 86 import java.time.temporal.UnsupportedTemporalTypeException;
 87 import java.time.temporal.ValueRange;
 88 import java.util.Calendar;
 89 import java.util.Objects;
 90 
 91 import sun.util.calendar.CalendarDate;
 92 import sun.util.calendar.LocalGregorianCalendar;
 93 
 94 /**
 95  * A date in the Japanese Imperial calendar system.
 96  * <p>
 97  * This date operates using the {@linkplain JapaneseChronology Japanese Imperial calendar}.
 98  * This calendar system is primarily used in Japan.
 99  * <p>
100  * The Japanese Imperial calendar system is the same as the ISO calendar system
101  * apart from the era-based year numbering. The proleptic-year is defined to be
102  * equal to the ISO proleptic-year.
103  * <p>
104  * Japan introduced the Gregorian calendar starting with Meiji 6.
105  * Only Meiji and later eras are supported;
106  * dates before Meiji 6, January 1 are not supported.
107  * <p>
108  * For example, the Japanese year "Heisei 24" corresponds to ISO year "2012".<br>
109  * Calling {@code japaneseDate.get(YEAR_OF_ERA)} will return 24.<br>
110  * Calling {@code japaneseDate.get(YEAR)} will return 2012.<br>
111  * Calling {@code japaneseDate.get(ERA)} will return 2, corresponding to
112  * {@code JapaneseChronology.ERA_HEISEI}.<br>
113  * <p>
114  * This is a <a href="{@docRoot}/java.base/java/lang/doc-files/ValueBased.html">value-based</a>
115  * class; programmers should treat instances that are
116  * {@linkplain #equals(Object) equal} as interchangeable and should not
117  * use instances for synchronization, or unpredictable behavior may
118  * occur. For example, in a future release, synchronization may fail.
119  * The {@code equals} method should be used for comparisons.
120  *
121  * @implSpec
122  * This class is immutable and thread-safe.
123  *
124  * @since 1.8
125  */
126 @jdk.internal.ValueBased
127 public final class JapaneseDate
128         extends ChronoLocalDateImpl<JapaneseDate>
129         implements ChronoLocalDate, Serializable {
130 
131     /**
132      * Serialization version.
133      */
134     @java.io.Serial
135     private static final long serialVersionUID = -305327627230580483L;
136 
137     /**
138      * The underlying ISO local date.
139      */
140     private final transient LocalDate isoDate;
141     /**
142      * The JapaneseEra of this date.
143      */
144     private final transient JapaneseEra era;
145     /**
146      * The Japanese imperial calendar year of this date.
147      */
148     private final transient int yearOfEra;
149 
150     /**
151      * The first day supported by the JapaneseChronology is Meiji 6, January 1st.
152      */
153     static final LocalDate MEIJI_6_ISODATE = LocalDate.of(1873, 1, 1);
154 
155     //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
156     /**
157      * Obtains the current {@code JapaneseDate} from the system clock in the default time-zone.
158      * <p>
159      * This will query the {@link Clock#systemDefaultZone() system clock} in the default
160      * time-zone to obtain the current date.
161      * <p>
162      * Using this method will prevent the ability to use an alternate clock for testing
163      * because the clock is hard-coded.
164      *
165      * @return the current date using the system clock and default time-zone, not null
166      */
167     public static JapaneseDate now() {
168         return now(Clock.systemDefaultZone());
169     }
170 
171     /**
172      * Obtains the current {@code JapaneseDate} from the system clock in the specified time-zone.
173      * <p>
174      * This will query the {@link Clock#system(ZoneId) system clock} to obtain the current date.
175      * Specifying the time-zone avoids dependence on the default time-zone.
176      * <p>
177      * Using this method will prevent the ability to use an alternate clock for testing
178      * because the clock is hard-coded.
179      *
180      * @param zone  the zone ID to use, not null
181      * @return the current date using the system clock, not null
182      */
183     public static JapaneseDate now(ZoneId zone) {
184         return now(Clock.system(zone));
185     }
186 
187     /**
188      * Obtains the current {@code JapaneseDate} from the specified clock.
189      * <p>
190      * This will query the specified clock to obtain the current date - today.
191      * Using this method allows the use of an alternate clock for testing.
192      * The alternate clock may be introduced using {@linkplain Clock dependency injection}.
193      *
194      * @param clock  the clock to use, not null
195      * @return the current date, not null
196      * @throws DateTimeException if the current date cannot be obtained
197      */
198     public static JapaneseDate now(Clock clock) {
199         return new JapaneseDate(LocalDate.now(clock));
200     }
201 
202     /**
203      * Obtains a {@code JapaneseDate} representing a date in the Japanese calendar
204      * system from the era, year-of-era, month-of-year and day-of-month fields.
205      * <p>
206      * This returns a {@code JapaneseDate} with the specified fields.
207      * The day must be valid for the year and month, otherwise an exception will be thrown.
208      * <p>
209      * The Japanese month and day-of-month are the same as those in the
210      * ISO calendar system. They are not reset when the era changes.
211      * For example:
212      * <pre>
213      *  6th Jan Showa 64 = ISO 1989-01-06
214      *  7th Jan Showa 64 = ISO 1989-01-07
215      *  8th Jan Heisei 1 = ISO 1989-01-08
216      *  9th Jan Heisei 1 = ISO 1989-01-09
217      * </pre>
218      *
219      * @param era  the Japanese era, not null
220      * @param yearOfEra  the Japanese year-of-era
221      * @param month  the Japanese month-of-year, from 1 to 12
222      * @param dayOfMonth  the Japanese day-of-month, from 1 to 31
223      * @return the date in Japanese calendar system, not null
224      * @throws DateTimeException if the value of any field is out of range,
225      *  or if the day-of-month is invalid for the month-year,
226      *  or if the date is not a Japanese era
227      */
228     public static JapaneseDate of(JapaneseEra era, int yearOfEra, int month, int dayOfMonth) {
229         Objects.requireNonNull(era, "era");
230         LocalGregorianCalendar.Date jdate = JapaneseChronology.JCAL.newCalendarDate(null);
231         jdate.setEra(era.getPrivateEra()).setDate(yearOfEra, month, dayOfMonth);
232         if (!JapaneseChronology.JCAL.validate(jdate)) {
233             throw new DateTimeException("year, month, and day not valid for Era");
234         }
235         LocalDate date = LocalDate.of(jdate.getNormalizedYear(), month, dayOfMonth);
236         return new JapaneseDate(era, yearOfEra, date);
237     }
238 
239     /**
240      * Obtains a {@code JapaneseDate} representing a date in the Japanese calendar
241      * system from the proleptic-year, month-of-year and day-of-month fields.
242      * <p>
243      * This returns a {@code JapaneseDate} with the specified fields.
244      * The day must be valid for the year and month, otherwise an exception will be thrown.
245      * <p>
246      * The Japanese proleptic year, month and day-of-month are the same as those
247      * in the ISO calendar system. They are not reset when the era changes.
248      *
249      * @param prolepticYear  the Japanese proleptic-year
250      * @param month  the Japanese month-of-year, from 1 to 12
251      * @param dayOfMonth  the Japanese day-of-month, from 1 to 31
252      * @return the date in Japanese calendar system, not null
253      * @throws DateTimeException if the value of any field is out of range,
254      *  or if the day-of-month is invalid for the month-year
255      */
256     public static JapaneseDate of(int prolepticYear, int month, int dayOfMonth) {
257         return new JapaneseDate(LocalDate.of(prolepticYear, month, dayOfMonth));
258     }
259 
260     /**
261      * Obtains a {@code JapaneseDate} representing a date in the Japanese calendar
262      * system from the era, year-of-era and day-of-year fields.
263      * <p>
264      * This returns a {@code JapaneseDate} with the specified fields.
265      * The day must be valid for the year, otherwise an exception will be thrown.
266      * <p>
267      * The day-of-year in this factory is expressed relative to the start of the year-of-era.
268      * This definition changes the normal meaning of day-of-year only in those years
269      * where the year-of-era is reset to one due to a change in the era.
270      * For example:
271      * <pre>
272      *  6th Jan Showa 64 = day-of-year 6
273      *  7th Jan Showa 64 = day-of-year 7
274      *  8th Jan Heisei 1 = day-of-year 1
275      *  9th Jan Heisei 1 = day-of-year 2
276      * </pre>
277      *
278      * @param era  the Japanese era, not null
279      * @param yearOfEra  the Japanese year-of-era
280      * @param dayOfYear  the chronology day-of-year, from 1 to 366
281      * @return the date in Japanese calendar system, not null
282      * @throws DateTimeException if the value of any field is out of range,
283      *  or if the day-of-year is invalid for the year
284      */
285     static JapaneseDate ofYearDay(JapaneseEra era, int yearOfEra, int dayOfYear) {
286         Objects.requireNonNull(era, "era");
287         CalendarDate firstDay = era.getPrivateEra().getSinceDate();
288         LocalGregorianCalendar.Date jdate = JapaneseChronology.JCAL.newCalendarDate(null);
289         jdate.setEra(era.getPrivateEra());
290         if (yearOfEra == 1) {
291             jdate.setDate(yearOfEra, firstDay.getMonth(), firstDay.getDayOfMonth() + dayOfYear - 1);
292         } else {
293             jdate.setDate(yearOfEra, 1, dayOfYear);
294         }
295         JapaneseChronology.JCAL.normalize(jdate);
296         if (era.getPrivateEra() != jdate.getEra() || yearOfEra != jdate.getYear()) {
297             throw new DateTimeException("Invalid parameters");
298         }
299         LocalDate localdate = LocalDate.of(jdate.getNormalizedYear(),
300                                       jdate.getMonth(), jdate.getDayOfMonth());
301         return new JapaneseDate(era, yearOfEra, localdate);
302     }
303 
304     /**
305      * Obtains a {@code JapaneseDate} from a temporal object.
306      * <p>
307      * This obtains a date in the Japanese calendar system based on the specified temporal.
308      * A {@code TemporalAccessor} represents an arbitrary set of date and time information,
309      * which this factory converts to an instance of {@code JapaneseDate}.
310      * <p>
311      * The conversion typically uses the {@link ChronoField#EPOCH_DAY EPOCH_DAY}
312      * field, which is standardized across calendar systems.
313      * <p>
314      * This method matches the signature of the functional interface {@link TemporalQuery}
315      * allowing it to be used as a query via method reference, {@code JapaneseDate::from}.
316      *
317      * @param temporal  the temporal object to convert, not null
318      * @return the date in Japanese calendar system, not null
319      * @throws DateTimeException if unable to convert to a {@code JapaneseDate}
320      */
321     public static JapaneseDate from(TemporalAccessor temporal) {
322         return JapaneseChronology.INSTANCE.date(temporal);
323     }
324 
325     //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
326     /**
327      * Creates an instance from an ISO date.
328      *
329      * @param isoDate  the standard local date, validated not null
330      */
331     JapaneseDate(LocalDate isoDate) {
332         if (isoDate.isBefore(MEIJI_6_ISODATE)) {
333             throw new DateTimeException("JapaneseDate before Meiji 6 is not supported");
334         }
335         LocalGregorianCalendar.Date jdate = toPrivateJapaneseDate(isoDate);
336         this.era = JapaneseEra.toJapaneseEra(jdate.getEra());
337         this.yearOfEra = jdate.getYear();
338         this.isoDate = isoDate;
339     }
340 
341     /**
342      * Constructs a {@code JapaneseDate}. This constructor does NOT validate the given parameters,
343      * and {@code era} and {@code year} must agree with {@code isoDate}.
344      *
345      * @param era  the era, validated not null
346      * @param year  the year-of-era, validated
347      * @param isoDate  the standard local date, validated not null
348      */
349     JapaneseDate(JapaneseEra era, int year, LocalDate isoDate) {
350         if (isoDate.isBefore(MEIJI_6_ISODATE)) {
351             throw new DateTimeException("JapaneseDate before Meiji 6 is not supported");
352         }
353         this.era = era;
354         this.yearOfEra = year;
355         this.isoDate = isoDate;
356     }
357 
358     //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
359     /**
360      * Gets the chronology of this date, which is the Japanese calendar system.
361      * <p>
362      * The {@code Chronology} represents the calendar system in use.
363      * The era and other fields in {@link ChronoField} are defined by the chronology.
364      *
365      * @return the Japanese chronology, not null
366      */
367     @Override
368     public JapaneseChronology getChronology() {
369         return JapaneseChronology.INSTANCE;
370     }
371 
372     /**
373      * Gets the era applicable at this date.
374      * <p>
375      * The Japanese calendar system has multiple eras defined by {@link JapaneseEra}.
376      *
377      * @return the era applicable at this date, not null
378      */
379     @Override
380     public JapaneseEra getEra() {
381         return era;
382     }
383 
384     /**
385      * Returns the length of the month represented by this date.
386      * <p>
387      * This returns the length of the month in days.
388      * Month lengths match those of the ISO calendar system.
389      *
390      * @return the length of the month in days
391      */
392     @Override
393     public int lengthOfMonth() {
394         return isoDate.lengthOfMonth();
395     }
396 
397     @Override
398     public int lengthOfYear() {
399         Calendar jcal = Calendar.getInstance(JapaneseChronology.LOCALE);
400         jcal.set(Calendar.ERA, era.getValue() + JapaneseEra.ERA_OFFSET);
401         jcal.set(yearOfEra, isoDate.getMonthValue() - 1, isoDate.getDayOfMonth());
402         return  jcal.getActualMaximum(Calendar.DAY_OF_YEAR);
403     }
404 
405     //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
406     /**
407      * Checks if the specified field is supported.
408      * <p>
409      * This checks if this date can be queried for the specified field.
410      * If false, then calling the {@link #range(TemporalField) range} and
411      * {@link #get(TemporalField) get} methods will throw an exception.
412      * <p>
413      * If the field is a {@link ChronoField} then the query is implemented here.
414      * The supported fields are:
415      * <ul>
416      * <li>{@code DAY_OF_WEEK}
417      * <li>{@code DAY_OF_MONTH}
418      * <li>{@code DAY_OF_YEAR}
419      * <li>{@code EPOCH_DAY}
420      * <li>{@code MONTH_OF_YEAR}
421      * <li>{@code PROLEPTIC_MONTH}
422      * <li>{@code YEAR_OF_ERA}
423      * <li>{@code YEAR}
424      * <li>{@code ERA}
425      * </ul>
426      * All other {@code ChronoField} instances will return false.
427      * <p>
428      * If the field is not a {@code ChronoField}, then the result of this method
429      * is obtained by invoking {@code TemporalField.isSupportedBy(TemporalAccessor)}
430      * passing {@code this} as the argument.
431      * Whether the field is supported is determined by the field.
432      *
433      * @param field  the field to check, null returns false
434      * @return true if the field is supported on this date, false if not
435      */
436     @Override
437     public boolean isSupported(TemporalField field) {
438         if (field == ALIGNED_DAY_OF_WEEK_IN_MONTH || field == ALIGNED_DAY_OF_WEEK_IN_YEAR ||
439                 field == ALIGNED_WEEK_OF_MONTH || field == ALIGNED_WEEK_OF_YEAR) {
440             return false;
441         }
442         return super.isSupported(field);
443     }
444 
445     @Override
446     public ValueRange range(TemporalField field) {
447         if (field instanceof ChronoField chronoField) {
448             if (isSupported(field)) {
449                 return switch (chronoField) {
450                     case DAY_OF_MONTH -> ValueRange.of(1, lengthOfMonth());
451                     case DAY_OF_YEAR -> ValueRange.of(1, lengthOfYear());
452                     case YEAR_OF_ERA -> {
453                         Calendar jcal = Calendar.getInstance(JapaneseChronology.LOCALE);
454                         jcal.set(Calendar.ERA, era.getValue() + JapaneseEra.ERA_OFFSET);
455                         jcal.set(yearOfEra, isoDate.getMonthValue() - 1, isoDate.getDayOfMonth());
456                         yield ValueRange.of(1, jcal.getActualMaximum(Calendar.YEAR));
457                     }
458                     default -> getChronology().range(chronoField);
459                 };
460             }
461             throw new UnsupportedTemporalTypeException("Unsupported field: " + field);
462         }
463         return field.rangeRefinedBy(this);
464     }
465 
466     @Override
467     public long getLong(TemporalField field) {
468         if (field instanceof ChronoField cf) {
469             // same as ISO:
470             // DAY_OF_WEEK, DAY_OF_MONTH, EPOCH_DAY, MONTH_OF_YEAR, PROLEPTIC_MONTH, YEAR
471             //
472             // calendar specific fields
473             // DAY_OF_YEAR, YEAR_OF_ERA, ERA
474             switch (cf) {
475                 case ALIGNED_DAY_OF_WEEK_IN_MONTH:
476                 case ALIGNED_DAY_OF_WEEK_IN_YEAR:
477                 case ALIGNED_WEEK_OF_MONTH:
478                 case ALIGNED_WEEK_OF_YEAR:
479                     throw new UnsupportedTemporalTypeException("Unsupported field: " + field);
480                 case YEAR_OF_ERA:
481                     return yearOfEra;
482                 case ERA:
483                     return era.getValue();
484                 case DAY_OF_YEAR:
485                     Calendar jcal = Calendar.getInstance(JapaneseChronology.LOCALE);
486                     jcal.set(Calendar.ERA, era.getValue() + JapaneseEra.ERA_OFFSET);
487                     jcal.set(yearOfEra, isoDate.getMonthValue() - 1, isoDate.getDayOfMonth());
488                     return jcal.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_YEAR);
489             }
490             return isoDate.getLong(field);
491         }
492         return field.getFrom(this);
493     }
494 
495     /**
496      * Returns a {@code LocalGregorianCalendar.Date} converted from the given {@code isoDate}.
497      *
498      * @param isoDate  the local date, not null
499      * @return a {@code LocalGregorianCalendar.Date}, not null
500      */
501     private static LocalGregorianCalendar.Date toPrivateJapaneseDate(LocalDate isoDate) {
502         LocalGregorianCalendar.Date jdate = JapaneseChronology.JCAL.newCalendarDate(null);
503         sun.util.calendar.Era sunEra = JapaneseEra.privateEraFrom(isoDate);
504         int year = isoDate.getYear();
505         if (sunEra != null) {
506             year -= sunEra.getSinceDate().getYear() - 1;
507         }
508         jdate.setEra(sunEra).setYear(year).setMonth(isoDate.getMonthValue()).setDayOfMonth(isoDate.getDayOfMonth());
509         JapaneseChronology.JCAL.normalize(jdate);
510         return jdate;
511     }
512 
513     //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
514     @Override
515     public JapaneseDate with(TemporalField field, long newValue) {
516         if (field instanceof ChronoField chronoField) {
517             if (getLong(chronoField) == newValue) {  // getLong() validates for supported fields
518                 return this;
519             }
520             switch (chronoField) {
521                 case YEAR_OF_ERA:
522                 case YEAR:
523                 case ERA: {
524                     int nvalue = getChronology().range(chronoField).checkValidIntValue(newValue, chronoField);
525                     switch (chronoField) {
526                         case YEAR_OF_ERA:
527                             return this.withYear(nvalue);
528                         case YEAR:
529                             return with(isoDate.withYear(nvalue));
530                         case ERA: {
531                             return this.withYear(JapaneseEra.of(nvalue), yearOfEra);
532                         }
533                     }
534                 }
535             }
536             // YEAR, PROLEPTIC_MONTH and others are same as ISO
537             return with(isoDate.with(field, newValue));
538         }
539         return super.with(field, newValue);
540     }
541 
542     /**
543      * {@inheritDoc}
544      * @throws DateTimeException {@inheritDoc}
545      * @throws ArithmeticException {@inheritDoc}
546      */
547     @Override
548     public  JapaneseDate with(TemporalAdjuster adjuster) {
549         return super.with(adjuster);
550     }
551 
552     /**
553      * {@inheritDoc}
554      * @throws DateTimeException {@inheritDoc}
555      * @throws ArithmeticException {@inheritDoc}
556      */
557     @Override
558     public JapaneseDate plus(TemporalAmount amount) {
559         return super.plus(amount);
560     }
561 
562     /**
563      * {@inheritDoc}
564      * @throws DateTimeException {@inheritDoc}
565      * @throws ArithmeticException {@inheritDoc}
566      */
567     @Override
568     public JapaneseDate minus(TemporalAmount amount) {
569         return super.minus(amount);
570     }
571     //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
572     /**
573      * Returns a copy of this date with the year altered.
574      * <p>
575      * This method changes the year of the date.
576      * If the month-day is invalid for the year, then the previous valid day
577      * will be selected instead.
578      * <p>
579      * This instance is immutable and unaffected by this method call.
580      *
581      * @param era  the era to set in the result, not null
582      * @param yearOfEra  the year-of-era to set in the returned date
583      * @return a {@code JapaneseDate} based on this date with the requested year, never null
584      * @throws DateTimeException if {@code year} is invalid
585      */
586     private JapaneseDate withYear(JapaneseEra era, int yearOfEra) {
587         int year = JapaneseChronology.INSTANCE.prolepticYear(era, yearOfEra);
588         return with(isoDate.withYear(year));
589     }
590 
591     /**
592      * Returns a copy of this date with the year-of-era altered.
593      * <p>
594      * This method changes the year-of-era of the date.
595      * If the month-day is invalid for the year, then the previous valid day
596      * will be selected instead.
597      * <p>
598      * This instance is immutable and unaffected by this method call.
599      *
600      * @param year  the year to set in the returned date
601      * @return a {@code JapaneseDate} based on this date with the requested year-of-era, never null
602      * @throws DateTimeException if {@code year} is invalid
603      */
604     private JapaneseDate withYear(int year) {
605         return withYear(getEra(), year);
606     }
607 
608     //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
609     @Override
610     JapaneseDate plusYears(long years) {
611         return with(isoDate.plusYears(years));
612     }
613 
614     @Override
615     JapaneseDate plusMonths(long months) {
616         return with(isoDate.plusMonths(months));
617     }
618 
619     @Override
620     JapaneseDate plusWeeks(long weeksToAdd) {
621         return with(isoDate.plusWeeks(weeksToAdd));
622     }
623 
624     @Override
625     JapaneseDate plusDays(long days) {
626         return with(isoDate.plusDays(days));
627     }
628 
629     @Override
630     public JapaneseDate plus(long amountToAdd, TemporalUnit unit) {
631         return super.plus(amountToAdd, unit);
632     }
633 
634     @Override
635     public JapaneseDate minus(long amountToSubtract, TemporalUnit unit) {
636         return super.minus(amountToSubtract, unit);
637     }
638 
639     @Override
640     JapaneseDate minusYears(long yearsToSubtract) {
641         return super.minusYears(yearsToSubtract);
642     }
643 
644     @Override
645     JapaneseDate minusMonths(long monthsToSubtract) {
646         return super.minusMonths(monthsToSubtract);
647     }
648 
649     @Override
650     JapaneseDate minusWeeks(long weeksToSubtract) {
651         return super.minusWeeks(weeksToSubtract);
652     }
653 
654     @Override
655     JapaneseDate minusDays(long daysToSubtract) {
656         return super.minusDays(daysToSubtract);
657     }
658 
659     private JapaneseDate with(LocalDate newDate) {
660         return (newDate.equals(isoDate) ? this : new JapaneseDate(newDate));
661     }
662 
663     @Override        // for javadoc and covariant return type
664     @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
665     public final ChronoLocalDateTime<JapaneseDate> atTime(LocalTime localTime) {
666         return (ChronoLocalDateTime<JapaneseDate>)super.atTime(localTime);
667     }
668 
669     @Override
670     public ChronoPeriod until(ChronoLocalDate endDate) {
671         Period period = isoDate.until(endDate);
672         return getChronology().period(period.getYears(), period.getMonths(), period.getDays());
673     }
674 
675     @Override  // override for performance
676     public long toEpochDay() {
677         return isoDate.toEpochDay();
678     }
679 
680     //-------------------------------------------------------------------------
681     /**
682      * Compares this date to another date, including the chronology.
683      * <p>
684      * Compares this {@code JapaneseDate} with another ensuring that the date is the same.
685      * <p>
686      * Only objects of type {@code JapaneseDate} are compared, other types return false.
687      * To compare the dates of two {@code TemporalAccessor} instances, including dates
688      * in two different chronologies, use {@link ChronoField#EPOCH_DAY} as a comparator.
689      *
690      * @param obj  the object to check, null returns false
691      * @return true if this is equal to the other date
692      */
693     @Override  // override for performance
694     public boolean equals(Object obj) {
695         if (this == obj) {
696             return true;
697         }
698         return (obj instanceof JapaneseDate otherDate)
699             && this.isoDate.equals(otherDate.isoDate);
700     }
701 
702     /**
703      * A hash code for this date.
704      *
705      * @return a suitable hash code based only on the Chronology and the date
706      */
707     @Override  // override for performance
708     public int hashCode() {
709         return getChronology().getId().hashCode() ^ isoDate.hashCode();
710     }
711 
712     //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
713     /**
714      * Defend against malicious streams.
715      *
716      * @param s the stream to read
717      * @throws InvalidObjectException always
718      */
719     @java.io.Serial
720     private void readObject(ObjectInputStream s) throws InvalidObjectException {
721         throw new InvalidObjectException("Deserialization via serialization delegate");
722     }
723 
724     /**
725      * Writes the object using a
726      * <a href="{@docRoot}/serialized-form.html#java.time.chrono.Ser">dedicated serialized form</a>.
727      * @serialData
728      * <pre>
729      *  out.writeByte(4);                 // identifies a JapaneseDate
730      *  out.writeInt(get(YEAR));
731      *  out.writeByte(get(MONTH_OF_YEAR));
732      *  out.writeByte(get(DAY_OF_MONTH));
733      * </pre>
734      *
735      * @return the instance of {@code Ser}, not null
736      */
737     @java.io.Serial
738     private Object writeReplace() {
739         return new Ser(Ser.JAPANESE_DATE_TYPE, this);
740     }
741 
742     void writeExternal(DataOutput out) throws IOException {
743         // JapaneseChronology is implicit in the JAPANESE_DATE_TYPE
744         out.writeInt(get(YEAR));
745         out.writeByte(get(MONTH_OF_YEAR));
746         out.writeByte(get(DAY_OF_MONTH));
747     }
748 
749     static JapaneseDate readExternal(DataInput in) throws IOException {
750         int year = in.readInt();
751         int month = in.readByte();
752         int dayOfMonth = in.readByte();
753         return JapaneseChronology.INSTANCE.date(year, month, dayOfMonth);
754     }
755 
756 }