1 /*
  2  * Copyright (c) 2014, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  3  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  4  *
  5  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
  6  * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
  7  * published by the Free Software Foundation.  Oracle designates this
  8  * particular file as subject to the "Classpath" exception as provided
  9  * by Oracle in the LICENSE file that accompanied this code.
 10  *
 11  * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
 12  * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
 13  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
 14  * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
 15  * accompanied this code).
 16  *
 17  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
 18  * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
 19  * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
 20  *
 21  * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
 22  * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
 23  * questions.
 24  */
 25 package jdk.internal.jimage;
 26 
 27 import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
 28 import java.io.IOException;
 29 import java.io.InputStream;
 30 import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
 31 import java.lang.reflect.Method;
 32 import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
 33 import java.nio.ByteOrder;
 34 import java.nio.IntBuffer;
 35 import java.nio.channels.FileChannel;
 36 import java.nio.file.Path;
 37 import java.nio.file.StandardOpenOption;
 38 import java.security.AccessController;
 39 import java.security.PrivilegedAction;
 40 import java.util.Objects;
 41 import java.util.stream.IntStream;
 42 import jdk.internal.jimage.decompressor.Decompressor;
 43 
 44 /**
 45  * @implNote This class needs to maintain JDK 8 source compatibility.
 46  *
 47  * It is used internally in the JDK to implement jimage/jrtfs access,
 48  * but also compiled and delivered as part of the jrtfs.jar to support access
 49  * to the jimage file provided by the shipped JDK by tools running on JDK 8.
 50  */
 51 public class BasicImageReader implements AutoCloseable {
 52     @SuppressWarnings({ "removal", "suppression" })
 53     private static boolean isSystemProperty(String key, String value, String def) {
 54         // No lambdas during bootstrap
 55         return AccessController.doPrivileged(
 56             new PrivilegedAction<Boolean>() {
 57                 @Override
 58                 public Boolean run() {
 59                     return value.equals(System.getProperty(key, def));
 60                 }
 61             });
 62     }
 63 
 64     private static final boolean IS_64_BIT =
 65             isSystemProperty("sun.arch.data.model", "64", "32");
 66     private static final boolean USE_JVM_MAP =
 67             isSystemProperty("jdk.image.use.jvm.map", "true", "true");
 68     private static final boolean MAP_ALL =
 69             isSystemProperty("jdk.image.map.all", "true", IS_64_BIT ? "true" : "false");
 70 
 71     private final Path imagePath;
 72     private final ByteOrder byteOrder;
 73     private final String name;
 74     private final ByteBuffer memoryMap;
 75     private final FileChannel channel;
 76     private final ImageHeader header;
 77     private final long indexSize;
 78     private final IntBuffer redirect;
 79     private final IntBuffer offsets;
 80     private final ByteBuffer locations;
 81     private final ByteBuffer strings;
 82     private final ImageStringsReader stringsReader;
 83     private final Decompressor decompressor;
 84 
 85     @SuppressWarnings({ "removal", "this-escape", "suppression" })
 86     protected BasicImageReader(Path path, ByteOrder byteOrder)
 87             throws IOException {
 88         this.imagePath = Objects.requireNonNull(path);
 89         this.byteOrder = Objects.requireNonNull(byteOrder);
 90         this.name = this.imagePath.toString();
 91 
 92         ByteBuffer map;
 93 
 94         if (USE_JVM_MAP && BasicImageReader.class.getClassLoader() == null) {
 95             // Check to see if the jvm has opened the file using libjimage
 96             // native entry when loading the image for this runtime
 97             map = NativeImageBuffer.getNativeMap(name);
 98          } else {
 99             map = null;
100         }
101 
102         // Open the file only if no memory map yet or is 32 bit jvm
103         if (map != null && MAP_ALL) {
104             channel = null;
105         } else {
106             channel = FileChannel.open(imagePath, StandardOpenOption.READ);
107             // No lambdas during bootstrap
108             AccessController.doPrivileged(new PrivilegedAction<Void>() {
109                 @Override
110                 public Void run() {
111                     if (BasicImageReader.class.getClassLoader() == null) {
112                         try {
113                             Class<?> fileChannelImpl =
114                                 Class.forName("sun.nio.ch.FileChannelImpl");
115                             Method setUninterruptible =
116                                     fileChannelImpl.getMethod("setUninterruptible");
117                             setUninterruptible.invoke(channel);
118                         } catch (ClassNotFoundException |
119                                  NoSuchMethodException |
120                                  IllegalAccessException |
121                                  InvocationTargetException ex) {
122                             // fall thru - will only happen on JDK-8 systems where this code
123                             // is only used by tools using jrt-fs (non-critical.)
124                         }
125                     }
126 
127                     return null;
128                 }
129             });
130         }
131 
132         // If no memory map yet and 64 bit jvm then memory map entire file
133         if (MAP_ALL && map == null) {
134             map = channel.map(FileChannel.MapMode.READ_ONLY, 0, channel.size());
135         }
136 
137         // Assume we have a memory map to read image file header
138         ByteBuffer headerBuffer = map;
139         int headerSize = ImageHeader.getHeaderSize();
140 
141         // If no memory map then read header from image file
142         if (headerBuffer == null) {
143             headerBuffer = ByteBuffer.allocateDirect(headerSize);
144             if (channel.read(headerBuffer, 0L) == headerSize) {
145                 headerBuffer.rewind();
146             } else {
147                 throw new IOException("\"" + name + "\" is not an image file");
148             }
149         } else if (headerBuffer.capacity() < headerSize) {
150             throw new IOException("\"" + name + "\" is not an image file");
151         }
152 
153         // Interpret the image file header
154         header = readHeader(intBuffer(headerBuffer, 0, headerSize));
155         indexSize = header.getIndexSize();
156 
157         // If no memory map yet then must be 32 bit jvm not previously mapped
158         if (map == null) {
159             // Just map the image index
160             map = channel.map(FileChannel.MapMode.READ_ONLY, 0, indexSize);
161         }
162 
163         memoryMap = map.asReadOnlyBuffer();
164 
165         // Interpret the image index
166         if (memoryMap.capacity() < indexSize) {
167             throw new IOException("The image file \"" + name + "\" is corrupted");
168         }
169         redirect = intBuffer(memoryMap, header.getRedirectOffset(), header.getRedirectSize());
170         offsets = intBuffer(memoryMap, header.getOffsetsOffset(), header.getOffsetsSize());
171         locations = slice(memoryMap, header.getLocationsOffset(), header.getLocationsSize());
172         strings = slice(memoryMap, header.getStringsOffset(), header.getStringsSize());
173 
174         stringsReader = new ImageStringsReader(this);
175         decompressor = new Decompressor();
176     }
177 
178     protected BasicImageReader(Path imagePath) throws IOException {
179         this(imagePath, ByteOrder.nativeOrder());
180     }
181 
182     public static BasicImageReader open(Path imagePath) throws IOException {
183         return new BasicImageReader(imagePath, ByteOrder.nativeOrder());
184     }
185 
186     public ImageHeader getHeader() {
187         return header;
188     }
189 
190     private ImageHeader readHeader(IntBuffer buffer) throws IOException {
191         ImageHeader result = ImageHeader.readFrom(buffer);
192 
193         if (result.getMagic() != ImageHeader.MAGIC) {
194             throw new IOException("\"" + name + "\" is not an image file");
195         }
196 
197         if (result.getMajorVersion() != ImageHeader.MAJOR_VERSION ||
198             result.getMinorVersion() != ImageHeader.MINOR_VERSION) {
199             throw new IOException("The image file \"" + name + "\" is not " +
200                 "the correct version. Major: " + result.getMajorVersion() +
201                 ". Minor: " + result.getMinorVersion());
202         }
203 
204         return result;
205     }
206 
207     private static ByteBuffer slice(ByteBuffer buffer, int position, int capacity) {
208         // Note that this is the only limit and position manipulation of
209         // BasicImageReader private ByteBuffers.  The synchronize could be avoided
210         // by cloning the buffer to make a local copy, but at the cost of creating
211         // a new object.
212         synchronized(buffer) {
213             buffer.limit(position + capacity);
214             buffer.position(position);
215             return buffer.slice();
216         }
217     }
218 
219     private IntBuffer intBuffer(ByteBuffer buffer, int offset, int size) {
220         return slice(buffer, offset, size).order(byteOrder).asIntBuffer();
221     }
222 
223     public String getName() {
224         return name;
225     }
226 
227     public ByteOrder getByteOrder() {
228         return byteOrder;
229     }
230 
231     public Path getImagePath() {
232         return imagePath;
233     }
234 
235     @Override
236     public void close() throws IOException {
237         if (channel != null) {
238             channel.close();
239         }
240     }
241 
242     public ImageStringsReader getStrings() {
243         return stringsReader;
244     }
245 
246     public ImageLocation findLocation(String module, String name) {
247         int index = getLocationIndex(module, name);
248         if (index < 0) {
249             return null;
250         }
251         long[] attributes = getAttributes(offsets.get(index));
252         if (!ImageLocation.verify(module, name, attributes, stringsReader)) {
253             return null;
254         }
255         return new ImageLocation(attributes, stringsReader);
256     }
257 
258     public ImageLocation findLocation(String name) {
259         int index = getLocationIndex(name);
260         if (index < 0) {
261             return null;
262         }
263         long[] attributes = getAttributes(offsets.get(index));
264         if (!ImageLocation.verify(name, attributes, stringsReader)) {
265             return null;
266         }
267         return new ImageLocation(attributes, stringsReader);
268     }
269 
270     public boolean verifyLocation(String module, String name) {
271         int index = getLocationIndex(module, name);
272         if (index < 0) {
273             return false;
274         }
275         int locationOffset = offsets.get(index);
276         return ImageLocation.verify(module, name, locations, locationOffset, stringsReader);
277     }
278 
279     // Details of the algorithm used here can be found in
280     // jdk.tools.jlink.internal.PerfectHashBuilder.
281     public int getLocationIndex(String name) {
282         int count = header.getTableLength();
283         int index = redirect.get(ImageStringsReader.hashCode(name) % count);
284         if (index < 0) {
285             // index is twos complement of location attributes index.
286             return -index - 1;
287         } else if (index > 0) {
288             // index is hash seed needed to compute location attributes index.
289             return ImageStringsReader.hashCode(name, index) % count;
290         } else {
291             // No entry.
292             return -1;
293         }
294     }
295 
296     private int getLocationIndex(String module, String name) {
297         int count = header.getTableLength();
298         int index = redirect.get(ImageStringsReader.hashCode(module, name) % count);
299         if (index < 0) {
300             // index is twos complement of location attributes index.
301             return -index - 1;
302         } else if (index > 0) {
303             // index is hash seed needed to compute location attributes index.
304             return ImageStringsReader.hashCode(module, name, index) % count;
305         } else {
306             // No entry.
307             return -1;
308         }
309     }
310 
311     public String[] getEntryNames() {
312         return IntStream.range(0, offsets.capacity())
313                 .map(offsets::get)
314                 .filter(o -> o != 0)
315                 .mapToObj(o -> ImageLocation.readFrom(this, o).getFullName())
316                 .sorted()
317                 .toArray(String[]::new);
318     }
319 
320     ImageLocation getLocation(int offset) {
321         return ImageLocation.readFrom(this, offset);
322     }
323 
324     public long[] getAttributes(int offset) {
325         if (offset < 0 || offset >= locations.limit()) {
326             throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException("offset");
327         }
328         return ImageLocation.decompress(locations, offset);
329     }
330 
331     public String getString(int offset) {
332         if (offset < 0 || offset >= strings.limit()) {
333             throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException("offset");
334         }
335         return ImageStringsReader.stringFromByteBuffer(strings, offset);
336     }
337 
338     public int match(int offset, String string, int stringOffset) {
339         if (offset < 0 || offset >= strings.limit()) {
340             throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException("offset");
341         }
342         return ImageStringsReader.stringFromByteBufferMatches(strings, offset, string, stringOffset);
343     }
344 
345     private byte[] getBufferBytes(ByteBuffer buffer) {
346         Objects.requireNonNull(buffer);
347         byte[] bytes = new byte[buffer.limit()];
348         buffer.get(bytes);
349 
350         return bytes;
351     }
352 
353     private ByteBuffer readBuffer(long offset, long size) {
354         if (offset < 0 || Integer.MAX_VALUE <= offset) {
355             throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException("Bad offset: " + offset);
356         }
357         int checkedOffset = (int) offset;
358 
359         if (size < 0 || Integer.MAX_VALUE <= size) {
360             throw new IllegalArgumentException("Bad size: " + size);
361         }
362         int checkedSize = (int) size;
363 
364         if (MAP_ALL) {
365             ByteBuffer buffer = slice(memoryMap, checkedOffset, checkedSize);
366             buffer.order(ByteOrder.BIG_ENDIAN);
367 
368             return buffer;
369         } else {
370             if (channel == null) {
371                 throw new InternalError("Image file channel not open");
372             }
373             ByteBuffer buffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(checkedSize);
374             int read;
375             try {
376                 read = channel.read(buffer, checkedOffset);
377                 buffer.rewind();
378             } catch (IOException ex) {
379                 throw new RuntimeException(ex);
380             }
381 
382             if (read != checkedSize) {
383                 throw new RuntimeException("Short read: " + read +
384                         " instead of " + checkedSize + " bytes");
385             }
386 
387             return buffer;
388         }
389     }
390 
391     public byte[] getResource(String name) {
392         Objects.requireNonNull(name);
393         ImageLocation location = findLocation(name);
394 
395         return location != null ? getResource(location) : null;
396     }
397 
398     public byte[] getResource(ImageLocation loc) {
399         ByteBuffer buffer = getResourceBuffer(loc);
400         return buffer != null ? getBufferBytes(buffer) : null;
401     }
402 
403     /**
404      * Returns the content of jimage location in a newly allocated byte buffer.
405      */
406     public ByteBuffer getResourceBuffer(ImageLocation loc) {
407         Objects.requireNonNull(loc);
408         long offset = loc.getContentOffset() + indexSize;
409         long compressedSize = loc.getCompressedSize();
410         long uncompressedSize = loc.getUncompressedSize();
411 
412         if (compressedSize < 0 || Integer.MAX_VALUE < compressedSize) {
413             throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException(
414                 "Bad compressed size: " + compressedSize);
415         }
416 
417         if (uncompressedSize < 0 || Integer.MAX_VALUE < uncompressedSize) {
418             throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException(
419                 "Bad uncompressed size: " + uncompressedSize);
420         }
421 
422         if (compressedSize == 0) {
423             return readBuffer(offset, uncompressedSize);
424         } else {
425             ByteBuffer buffer = readBuffer(offset, compressedSize);
426             if (buffer != null) {
427                 byte[] bytesIn = getBufferBytes(buffer);
428                 byte[] bytesOut;
429 
430                 try {
431                     bytesOut = decompressor.decompressResource(byteOrder,
432                             (int strOffset) -> getString(strOffset), bytesIn);
433                 } catch (IOException ex) {
434                     throw new RuntimeException(ex);
435                 }
436 
437                 return ByteBuffer.wrap(bytesOut);
438             }
439         }
440 
441         return null;
442     }
443 
444     public InputStream getResourceStream(ImageLocation loc) {
445         Objects.requireNonNull(loc);
446         byte[] bytes = getResource(loc);
447 
448         return new ByteArrayInputStream(bytes);
449     }
450 }