1 /*
2 * Copyright (c) 1999, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
3 * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
4 *
5 * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
6 * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
7 * published by the Free Software Foundation. Oracle designates this
8 * particular file as subject to the "Classpath" exception as provided
9 * by Oracle in the LICENSE file that accompanied this code.
10 *
11 * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
12 * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
13 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License
14 * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
15 * accompanied this code).
16 *
17 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
18 * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
19 * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
20 *
21 * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
22 * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
23 * questions.
24 */
25
26 //todo: one might eliminate uninits.andSets when monotonic
27
28 package com.sun.tools.javac.comp;
29
30 import java.util.Map;
31 import java.util.Map.Entry;
32 import java.util.HashMap;
33 import java.util.HashSet;
34 import java.util.Set;
35 import java.util.function.Consumer;
36
37 import com.sun.source.tree.LambdaExpressionTree.BodyKind;
38 import com.sun.tools.javac.code.*;
39 import com.sun.tools.javac.code.Scope.WriteableScope;
40 import com.sun.tools.javac.resources.CompilerProperties.Errors;
41 import com.sun.tools.javac.resources.CompilerProperties.LintWarnings;
42 import com.sun.tools.javac.resources.CompilerProperties.Warnings;
43 import com.sun.tools.javac.tree.*;
44 import com.sun.tools.javac.util.*;
45 import com.sun.tools.javac.util.JCDiagnostic.DiagnosticPosition;
46 import com.sun.tools.javac.util.JCDiagnostic.Error;
47 import com.sun.tools.javac.util.JCDiagnostic.Warning;
48
49 import com.sun.tools.javac.code.Symbol.*;
50 import com.sun.tools.javac.tree.JCTree.*;
51
52 import static com.sun.tools.javac.code.Flags.*;
53 import static com.sun.tools.javac.code.Flags.BLOCK;
54 import com.sun.tools.javac.code.Kinds.Kind;
55 import static com.sun.tools.javac.code.Kinds.Kind.*;
56 import com.sun.tools.javac.code.Type.TypeVar;
57 import static com.sun.tools.javac.code.TypeTag.BOOLEAN;
58 import static com.sun.tools.javac.code.TypeTag.VOID;
59 import com.sun.tools.javac.resources.CompilerProperties.Fragments;
60 import static com.sun.tools.javac.tree.JCTree.Tag.*;
61 import com.sun.tools.javac.util.JCDiagnostic.Fragment;
62 import java.util.Arrays;
63 import java.util.Iterator;
64 import java.util.function.Predicate;
65 import java.util.stream.Collectors;
66
67 import static java.util.stream.Collectors.groupingBy;
68
69 /** This pass implements dataflow analysis for Java programs though
70 * different AST visitor steps. Liveness analysis (see AliveAnalyzer) checks that
71 * every statement is reachable. Exception analysis (see FlowAnalyzer) ensures that
72 * every checked exception that is thrown is declared or caught. Definite assignment analysis
73 * (see AssignAnalyzer) ensures that each variable is assigned when used. Definite
74 * unassignment analysis (see AssignAnalyzer) in ensures that no final variable
75 * is assigned more than once. Finally, local variable capture analysis (see CaptureAnalyzer)
76 * determines that local variables accessed within the scope of an inner class/lambda
77 * are either final or effectively-final.
78 *
79 * <p>The JLS has a number of problems in the
80 * specification of these flow analysis problems. This implementation
81 * attempts to address those issues.
82 *
83 * <p>First, there is no accommodation for a finally clause that cannot
84 * complete normally. For liveness analysis, an intervening finally
85 * clause can cause a break, continue, or return not to reach its
86 * target. For exception analysis, an intervening finally clause can
87 * cause any exception to be "caught". For DA/DU analysis, the finally
88 * clause can prevent a transfer of control from propagating DA/DU
89 * state to the target. In addition, code in the finally clause can
90 * affect the DA/DU status of variables.
91 *
92 * <p>For try statements, we introduce the idea of a variable being
93 * definitely unassigned "everywhere" in a block. A variable V is
94 * "unassigned everywhere" in a block iff it is unassigned at the
95 * beginning of the block and there is no reachable assignment to V
96 * in the block. An assignment V=e is reachable iff V is not DA
97 * after e. Then we can say that V is DU at the beginning of the
98 * catch block iff V is DU everywhere in the try block. Similarly, V
99 * is DU at the beginning of the finally block iff V is DU everywhere
100 * in the try block and in every catch block. Specifically, the
101 * following bullet is added to 16.2.2
102 * <pre>
103 * V is <em>unassigned everywhere</em> in a block if it is
104 * unassigned before the block and there is no reachable
105 * assignment to V within the block.
106 * </pre>
107 * <p>In 16.2.15, the third bullet (and all of its sub-bullets) for all
108 * try blocks is changed to
109 * <pre>
110 * V is definitely unassigned before a catch block iff V is
111 * definitely unassigned everywhere in the try block.
112 * </pre>
113 * <p>The last bullet (and all of its sub-bullets) for try blocks that
114 * have a finally block is changed to
115 * <pre>
116 * V is definitely unassigned before the finally block iff
117 * V is definitely unassigned everywhere in the try block
118 * and everywhere in each catch block of the try statement.
119 * </pre>
120 * <p>In addition,
121 * <pre>
122 * V is definitely assigned at the end of a constructor iff
123 * V is definitely assigned after the block that is the body
124 * of the constructor and V is definitely assigned at every
125 * return that can return from the constructor.
126 * </pre>
127 * <p>In addition, each continue statement with the loop as its target
128 * is treated as a jump to the end of the loop body, and "intervening"
129 * finally clauses are treated as follows: V is DA "due to the
130 * continue" iff V is DA before the continue statement or V is DA at
131 * the end of any intervening finally block. V is DU "due to the
132 * continue" iff any intervening finally cannot complete normally or V
133 * is DU at the end of every intervening finally block. This "due to
134 * the continue" concept is then used in the spec for the loops.
135 *
136 * <p>Similarly, break statements must consider intervening finally
137 * blocks. For liveness analysis, a break statement for which any
138 * intervening finally cannot complete normally is not considered to
139 * cause the target statement to be able to complete normally. Then
140 * we say V is DA "due to the break" iff V is DA before the break or
141 * V is DA at the end of any intervening finally block. V is DU "due
142 * to the break" iff any intervening finally cannot complete normally
143 * or V is DU at the break and at the end of every intervening
144 * finally block. (I suspect this latter condition can be
145 * simplified.) This "due to the break" is then used in the spec for
146 * all statements that can be "broken".
147 *
148 * <p>The return statement is treated similarly. V is DA "due to a
149 * return statement" iff V is DA before the return statement or V is
150 * DA at the end of any intervening finally block. Note that we
151 * don't have to worry about the return expression because this
152 * concept is only used for constructors.
153 *
154 * <p>There is no spec in the JLS for when a variable is definitely
155 * assigned at the end of a constructor, which is needed for final
156 * fields (8.3.1.2). We implement the rule that V is DA at the end
157 * of the constructor iff it is DA and the end of the body of the
158 * constructor and V is DA "due to" every return of the constructor.
159 *
160 * <p>Intervening finally blocks similarly affect exception analysis. An
161 * intervening finally that cannot complete normally allows us to ignore
162 * an otherwise uncaught exception.
163 *
164 * <p>To implement the semantics of intervening finally clauses, all
165 * nonlocal transfers (break, continue, return, throw, method call that
166 * can throw a checked exception, and a constructor invocation that can
167 * thrown a checked exception) are recorded in a queue, and removed
168 * from the queue when we complete processing the target of the
169 * nonlocal transfer. This allows us to modify the queue in accordance
170 * with the above rules when we encounter a finally clause. The only
171 * exception to this [no pun intended] is that checked exceptions that
172 * are known to be caught or declared to be caught in the enclosing
173 * method are not recorded in the queue, but instead are recorded in a
174 * global variable "{@code Set<Type> thrown}" that records the type of all
175 * exceptions that can be thrown.
176 *
177 * <p>Other minor issues the treatment of members of other classes
178 * (always considered DA except that within an anonymous class
179 * constructor, where DA status from the enclosing scope is
180 * preserved), treatment of the case expression (V is DA before the
181 * case expression iff V is DA after the switch expression),
182 * treatment of variables declared in a switch block (the implied
183 * DA/DU status after the switch expression is DU and not DA for
184 * variables defined in a switch block), the treatment of boolean ?:
185 * expressions (The JLS rules only handle b and c non-boolean; the
186 * new rule is that if b and c are boolean valued, then V is
187 * (un)assigned after a?b:c when true/false iff V is (un)assigned
188 * after b when true/false and V is (un)assigned after c when
189 * true/false).
190 *
191 * <p>There is the remaining question of what syntactic forms constitute a
192 * reference to a variable. It is conventional to allow this.x on the
193 * left-hand-side to initialize a final instance field named x, yet
194 * this.x isn't considered a "use" when appearing on a right-hand-side
195 * in most implementations. Should parentheses affect what is
196 * considered a variable reference? The simplest rule would be to
197 * allow unqualified forms only, parentheses optional, and phase out
198 * support for assigning to a final field via this.x.
199 *
200 * <p><b>This is NOT part of any supported API.
201 * If you write code that depends on this, you do so at your own risk.
202 * This code and its internal interfaces are subject to change or
203 * deletion without notice.</b>
204 */
205 public class Flow {
206 protected static final Context.Key<Flow> flowKey = new Context.Key<>();
207
208 private final Names names;
209 private final Log log;
210 private final Symtab syms;
211 private final Types types;
212 private final Check chk;
213 private TreeMaker make;
214 private final Resolve rs;
215 private final JCDiagnostic.Factory diags;
216 private Env<AttrContext> attrEnv;
217 private Lint lint;
218 private final Infer infer;
219
220 public static Flow instance(Context context) {
221 Flow instance = context.get(flowKey);
222 if (instance == null)
223 instance = new Flow(context);
224 return instance;
225 }
226
227 public void analyzeTree(Env<AttrContext> env, TreeMaker make) {
228 new AliveAnalyzer().analyzeTree(env, make);
229 new AssignAnalyzer().analyzeTree(env, make);
230 new FlowAnalyzer().analyzeTree(env, make);
231 new CaptureAnalyzer().analyzeTree(env, make);
232 }
233
234 public void analyzeLambda(Env<AttrContext> env, JCLambda that, TreeMaker make, boolean speculative) {
235 Log.DiagnosticHandler diagHandler = null;
236 //we need to disable diagnostics temporarily; the problem is that if
237 //a lambda expression contains e.g. an unreachable statement, an error
238 //message will be reported and will cause compilation to skip the flow analysis
239 //step - if we suppress diagnostics, we won't stop at Attr for flow-analysis
240 //related errors, which will allow for more errors to be detected
241 if (!speculative) {
242 diagHandler = new Log.DiscardDiagnosticHandler(log);
243 }
244 try {
245 new LambdaAliveAnalyzer().analyzeTree(env, that, make);
246 } finally {
247 if (!speculative) {
248 log.popDiagnosticHandler(diagHandler);
249 }
250 }
251 }
252
253 public List<Type> analyzeLambdaThrownTypes(final Env<AttrContext> env,
254 JCLambda that, TreeMaker make) {
255 //we need to disable diagnostics temporarily; the problem is that if
256 //a lambda expression contains e.g. an unreachable statement, an error
257 //message will be reported and will cause compilation to skip the flow analysis
258 //step - if we suppress diagnostics, we won't stop at Attr for flow-analysis
259 //related errors, which will allow for more errors to be detected
260 Log.DiagnosticHandler diagHandler = new Log.DiscardDiagnosticHandler(log);
261 try {
262 new LambdaAssignAnalyzer(env).analyzeTree(env, that, make);
263 LambdaFlowAnalyzer flowAnalyzer = new LambdaFlowAnalyzer();
264 flowAnalyzer.analyzeTree(env, that, make);
265 return flowAnalyzer.inferredThrownTypes;
266 } finally {
267 log.popDiagnosticHandler(diagHandler);
268 }
269 }
270
271 public boolean aliveAfter(Env<AttrContext> env, JCTree that, TreeMaker make) {
272 //we need to disable diagnostics temporarily; the problem is that if
273 //"that" contains e.g. an unreachable statement, an error
274 //message will be reported and will cause compilation to skip the flow analysis
275 //step - if we suppress diagnostics, we won't stop at Attr for flow-analysis
276 //related errors, which will allow for more errors to be detected
277 Log.DiagnosticHandler diagHandler = new Log.DiscardDiagnosticHandler(log);
278 try {
279 SnippetAliveAnalyzer analyzer = new SnippetAliveAnalyzer();
280
281 analyzer.analyzeTree(env, that, make);
282 return analyzer.isAlive();
283 } finally {
284 log.popDiagnosticHandler(diagHandler);
285 }
286 }
287
288 public boolean breaksToTree(Env<AttrContext> env, JCTree breakTo, JCTree body, TreeMaker make) {
289 //we need to disable diagnostics temporarily; the problem is that if
290 //"that" contains e.g. an unreachable statement, an error
291 //message will be reported and will cause compilation to skip the flow analysis
292 //step - if we suppress diagnostics, we won't stop at Attr for flow-analysis
293 //related errors, which will allow for more errors to be detected
294 Log.DiagnosticHandler diagHandler = new Log.DiscardDiagnosticHandler(log);
295 try {
296 SnippetBreakToAnalyzer analyzer = new SnippetBreakToAnalyzer(breakTo);
297
298 analyzer.analyzeTree(env, body, make);
299 return analyzer.breaksTo();
300 } finally {
301 log.popDiagnosticHandler(diagHandler);
302 }
303 }
304
305 /**
306 * Definite assignment scan mode
307 */
308 enum FlowKind {
309 /**
310 * This is the normal DA/DU analysis mode
311 */
312 NORMAL("var.might.already.be.assigned", false),
313 /**
314 * This is the speculative DA/DU analysis mode used to speculatively
315 * derive assertions within loop bodies
316 */
317 SPECULATIVE_LOOP("var.might.be.assigned.in.loop", true);
318
319 final String errKey;
320 final boolean isFinal;
321
322 FlowKind(String errKey, boolean isFinal) {
323 this.errKey = errKey;
324 this.isFinal = isFinal;
325 }
326
327 boolean isFinal() {
328 return isFinal;
329 }
330 }
331
332 @SuppressWarnings("this-escape")
333 protected Flow(Context context) {
334 context.put(flowKey, this);
335 names = Names.instance(context);
336 log = Log.instance(context);
337 syms = Symtab.instance(context);
338 types = Types.instance(context);
339 chk = Check.instance(context);
340 lint = Lint.instance(context);
341 infer = Infer.instance(context);
342 rs = Resolve.instance(context);
343 diags = JCDiagnostic.Factory.instance(context);
344 Source source = Source.instance(context);
345 }
346
347 /**
348 * Base visitor class for all visitors implementing dataflow analysis logic.
349 * This class define the shared logic for handling jumps (break/continue statements).
350 */
351 abstract static class BaseAnalyzer extends TreeScanner {
352
353 enum JumpKind {
354 BREAK(JCTree.Tag.BREAK) {
355 @Override
356 JCTree getTarget(JCTree tree) {
357 return ((JCBreak)tree).target;
358 }
359 },
360 CONTINUE(JCTree.Tag.CONTINUE) {
361 @Override
362 JCTree getTarget(JCTree tree) {
363 return ((JCContinue)tree).target;
364 }
365 },
366 YIELD(JCTree.Tag.YIELD) {
367 @Override
368 JCTree getTarget(JCTree tree) {
369 return ((JCYield)tree).target;
370 }
371 };
372
373 final JCTree.Tag treeTag;
374
375 private JumpKind(Tag treeTag) {
376 this.treeTag = treeTag;
377 }
378
379 abstract JCTree getTarget(JCTree tree);
380 }
381
382 /** The currently pending exits that go from current inner blocks
383 * to an enclosing block, in source order.
384 */
385 ListBuffer<PendingExit> pendingExits;
386
387 /** A class whose initializers we are scanning. Because initializer
388 * scans can be triggered out of sequence when visiting certain nodes
389 * (e.g., super()), we protect against infinite loops that could be
390 * triggered by incorrect code (e.g., super() inside initializer).
391 */
392 JCClassDecl initScanClass;
393
394 /** A pending exit. These are the statements return, break, and
395 * continue. In addition, exception-throwing expressions or
396 * statements are put here when not known to be caught. This
397 * will typically result in an error unless it is within a
398 * try-finally whose finally block cannot complete normally.
399 */
400 static class PendingExit {
401 JCTree tree;
402
403 PendingExit(JCTree tree) {
404 this.tree = tree;
405 }
406
407 void resolveJump() {
408 //do nothing
409 }
410 }
411
412 abstract void markDead();
413
414 /** Record an outward transfer of control. */
415 void recordExit(PendingExit pe) {
416 pendingExits.append(pe);
417 markDead();
418 }
419
420 /** Resolve all jumps of this statement. */
421 private Liveness resolveJump(JCTree tree,
422 ListBuffer<PendingExit> oldPendingExits,
423 JumpKind jk) {
424 boolean resolved = false;
425 List<PendingExit> exits = pendingExits.toList();
426 pendingExits = oldPendingExits;
427 for (; exits.nonEmpty(); exits = exits.tail) {
428 PendingExit exit = exits.head;
429 if (exit.tree.hasTag(jk.treeTag) &&
430 jk.getTarget(exit.tree) == tree) {
431 exit.resolveJump();
432 resolved = true;
433 } else {
434 pendingExits.append(exit);
435 }
436 }
437 return Liveness.from(resolved);
438 }
439
440 /** Resolve all continues of this statement. */
441 Liveness resolveContinues(JCTree tree) {
442 return resolveJump(tree, new ListBuffer<PendingExit>(), JumpKind.CONTINUE);
443 }
444
445 /** Resolve all breaks of this statement. */
446 Liveness resolveBreaks(JCTree tree, ListBuffer<PendingExit> oldPendingExits) {
447 return resolveJump(tree, oldPendingExits, JumpKind.BREAK);
448 }
449
450 /** Resolve all yields of this statement. */
451 Liveness resolveYields(JCTree tree, ListBuffer<PendingExit> oldPendingExits) {
452 return resolveJump(tree, oldPendingExits, JumpKind.YIELD);
453 }
454
455 @Override
456 public void scan(JCTree tree) {
457 if (tree != null && (
458 tree.type == null ||
459 tree.type != Type.stuckType)) {
460 super.scan(tree);
461 }
462 }
463
464 public void visitPackageDef(JCPackageDecl tree) {
465 // Do nothing for PackageDecl
466 }
467
468 protected void scanSyntheticBreak(TreeMaker make, JCTree swtch) {
469 if (swtch.hasTag(SWITCH_EXPRESSION)) {
470 JCYield brk = make.at(Position.NOPOS).Yield(make.Erroneous()
471 .setType(swtch.type));
472 brk.target = swtch;
473 scan(brk);
474 } else {
475 JCBreak brk = make.at(Position.NOPOS).Break(null);
476 brk.target = swtch;
477 scan(brk);
478 }
479 }
480
481 // Do something with all static or non-static field initializers and initialization blocks.
482 protected void forEachInitializer(JCClassDecl classDef, boolean isStatic, Consumer<? super JCTree> handler) {
483 if (classDef == initScanClass) // avoid infinite loops
484 return;
485 JCClassDecl initScanClassPrev = initScanClass;
486 initScanClass = classDef;
487 try {
488 for (List<JCTree> defs = classDef.defs; defs.nonEmpty(); defs = defs.tail) {
489 JCTree def = defs.head;
490
491 // Don't recurse into nested classes
492 if (def.hasTag(CLASSDEF))
493 continue;
494
495 /* we need to check for flags in the symbol too as there could be cases for which implicit flags are
496 * represented in the symbol but not in the tree modifiers as they were not originally in the source
497 * code
498 */
499 boolean isDefStatic = ((TreeInfo.flags(def) | (TreeInfo.symbolFor(def) == null ? 0 : TreeInfo.symbolFor(def).flags_field)) & STATIC) != 0;
500 if (!def.hasTag(METHODDEF) && (isDefStatic == isStatic))
501 handler.accept(def);
502 }
503 } finally {
504 initScanClass = initScanClassPrev;
505 }
506 }
507 }
508
509 /**
510 * This pass implements the first step of the dataflow analysis, namely
511 * the liveness analysis check. This checks that every statement is reachable.
512 * The output of this analysis pass are used by other analyzers. This analyzer
513 * sets the 'finallyCanCompleteNormally' field in the JCTry class.
514 */
515 class AliveAnalyzer extends BaseAnalyzer {
516
517 /** A flag that indicates whether the last statement could
518 * complete normally.
519 */
520 private Liveness alive;
521
522 @Override
523 void markDead() {
524 alive = Liveness.DEAD;
525 }
526
527 /* ***********************************************************************
528 * Visitor methods for statements and definitions
529 *************************************************************************/
530
531 /** Analyze a definition.
532 */
533 void scanDef(JCTree tree) {
534 scanStat(tree);
535 if (tree != null && tree.hasTag(JCTree.Tag.BLOCK) && alive == Liveness.DEAD) {
536 log.error(tree.pos(),
537 Errors.InitializerMustBeAbleToCompleteNormally);
538 }
539 }
540
541 /** Analyze a statement. Check that statement is reachable.
542 */
543 void scanStat(JCTree tree) {
544 if (alive == Liveness.DEAD && tree != null) {
545 log.error(tree.pos(), Errors.UnreachableStmt);
546 if (!tree.hasTag(SKIP)) alive = Liveness.RECOVERY;
547 }
548 scan(tree);
549 }
550
551 /** Analyze list of statements.
552 */
553 void scanStats(List<? extends JCStatement> trees) {
554 if (trees != null)
555 for (List<? extends JCStatement> l = trees; l.nonEmpty(); l = l.tail)
556 scanStat(l.head);
557 }
558
559 /* ------------ Visitor methods for various sorts of trees -------------*/
560
561 public void visitClassDef(JCClassDecl tree) {
562 if (tree.sym == null) return;
563 Liveness alivePrev = alive;
564 ListBuffer<PendingExit> pendingExitsPrev = pendingExits;
565 Lint lintPrev = lint;
566
567 pendingExits = new ListBuffer<>();
568 lint = lint.augment(tree.sym);
569
570 try {
571 // process all the nested classes
572 for (List<JCTree> l = tree.defs; l.nonEmpty(); l = l.tail) {
573 if (l.head.hasTag(CLASSDEF)) {
574 scan(l.head);
575 }
576 }
577
578 // process all the static initializers
579 forEachInitializer(tree, true, def -> {
580 scanDef(def);
581 clearPendingExits(false);
582 });
583
584 // process all the instance initializers
585 forEachInitializer(tree, false, def -> {
586 scanDef(def);
587 clearPendingExits(false);
588 });
589
590 // process all the methods
591 for (List<JCTree> l = tree.defs; l.nonEmpty(); l = l.tail) {
592 if (l.head.hasTag(METHODDEF)) {
593 scan(l.head);
594 }
595 }
596 } finally {
597 pendingExits = pendingExitsPrev;
598 alive = alivePrev;
599 lint = lintPrev;
600 }
601 }
602
603 public void visitMethodDef(JCMethodDecl tree) {
604 if (tree.body == null) return;
605 Lint lintPrev = lint;
606
607 lint = lint.augment(tree.sym);
608
609 Assert.check(pendingExits.isEmpty());
610
611 try {
612 alive = Liveness.ALIVE;
613 scanStat(tree.body);
614 tree.completesNormally = alive != Liveness.DEAD;
615
616 if (alive == Liveness.ALIVE && !tree.sym.type.getReturnType().hasTag(VOID))
617 log.error(TreeInfo.diagEndPos(tree.body), Errors.MissingRetStmt);
618
619 clearPendingExits(true);
620 } finally {
621 lint = lintPrev;
622 }
623 }
624
625 private void clearPendingExits(boolean inMethod) {
626 List<PendingExit> exits = pendingExits.toList();
627 pendingExits = new ListBuffer<>();
628 while (exits.nonEmpty()) {
629 PendingExit exit = exits.head;
630 exits = exits.tail;
631 Assert.check((inMethod && exit.tree.hasTag(RETURN)) ||
632 log.hasErrorOn(exit.tree.pos()));
633 }
634 }
635
636 public void visitVarDef(JCVariableDecl tree) {
637 if (tree.init != null) {
638 Lint lintPrev = lint;
639 lint = lint.augment(tree.sym);
640 try{
641 scan(tree.init);
642 } finally {
643 lint = lintPrev;
644 }
645 }
646 }
647
648 public void visitBlock(JCBlock tree) {
649 scanStats(tree.stats);
650 }
651
652 public void visitDoLoop(JCDoWhileLoop tree) {
653 ListBuffer<PendingExit> prevPendingExits = pendingExits;
654 pendingExits = new ListBuffer<>();
655 scanStat(tree.body);
656 alive = alive.or(resolveContinues(tree));
657 scan(tree.cond);
658 alive = alive.and(!tree.cond.type.isTrue());
659 alive = alive.or(resolveBreaks(tree, prevPendingExits));
660 }
661
662 public void visitWhileLoop(JCWhileLoop tree) {
663 ListBuffer<PendingExit> prevPendingExits = pendingExits;
664 pendingExits = new ListBuffer<>();
665 scan(tree.cond);
666 alive = Liveness.from(!tree.cond.type.isFalse());
667 scanStat(tree.body);
668 alive = alive.or(resolveContinues(tree));
669 alive = resolveBreaks(tree, prevPendingExits).or(
670 !tree.cond.type.isTrue());
671 }
672
673 public void visitForLoop(JCForLoop tree) {
674 ListBuffer<PendingExit> prevPendingExits = pendingExits;
675 scanStats(tree.init);
676 pendingExits = new ListBuffer<>();
677 if (tree.cond != null) {
678 scan(tree.cond);
679 alive = Liveness.from(!tree.cond.type.isFalse());
680 } else {
681 alive = Liveness.ALIVE;
682 }
683 scanStat(tree.body);
684 alive = alive.or(resolveContinues(tree));
685 scan(tree.step);
686 alive = resolveBreaks(tree, prevPendingExits).or(
687 tree.cond != null && !tree.cond.type.isTrue());
688 }
689
690 public void visitForeachLoop(JCEnhancedForLoop tree) {
691 visitVarDef(tree.var);
692 ListBuffer<PendingExit> prevPendingExits = pendingExits;
693 scan(tree.expr);
694 pendingExits = new ListBuffer<>();
695 scanStat(tree.body);
696 alive = alive.or(resolveContinues(tree));
697 resolveBreaks(tree, prevPendingExits);
698 alive = Liveness.ALIVE;
699 }
700
701 public void visitLabelled(JCLabeledStatement tree) {
702 ListBuffer<PendingExit> prevPendingExits = pendingExits;
703 pendingExits = new ListBuffer<>();
704 scanStat(tree.body);
705 alive = alive.or(resolveBreaks(tree, prevPendingExits));
706 }
707
708 public void visitSwitch(JCSwitch tree) {
709 ListBuffer<PendingExit> prevPendingExits = pendingExits;
710 pendingExits = new ListBuffer<>();
711 scan(tree.selector);
712 boolean exhaustiveSwitch = TreeInfo.expectedExhaustive(tree);
713 for (List<JCCase> l = tree.cases; l.nonEmpty(); l = l.tail) {
714 alive = Liveness.ALIVE;
715 JCCase c = l.head;
716 for (JCCaseLabel pat : c.labels) {
717 scan(pat);
718 }
719 scanStats(c.stats);
720 if (alive != Liveness.DEAD && c.caseKind == JCCase.RULE) {
721 scanSyntheticBreak(make, tree);
722 alive = Liveness.DEAD;
723 }
724 // Warn about fall-through if lint switch fallthrough enabled.
725 if (alive == Liveness.ALIVE &&
726 c.stats.nonEmpty() && l.tail.nonEmpty())
727 lint.logIfEnabled(l.tail.head.pos(),
728 LintWarnings.PossibleFallThroughIntoCase);
729 }
730 tree.isExhaustive = tree.hasUnconditionalPattern ||
731 TreeInfo.isErrorEnumSwitch(tree.selector, tree.cases);
732 if (exhaustiveSwitch) {
733 tree.isExhaustive |= exhausts(tree.selector, tree.cases);
734 if (!tree.isExhaustive) {
735 log.error(tree, Errors.NotExhaustiveStatement);
736 }
737 }
738 if (!tree.hasUnconditionalPattern && !exhaustiveSwitch) {
739 alive = Liveness.ALIVE;
740 }
741 alive = alive.or(resolveBreaks(tree, prevPendingExits));
742 }
743
744 @Override
745 public void visitSwitchExpression(JCSwitchExpression tree) {
746 ListBuffer<PendingExit> prevPendingExits = pendingExits;
747 pendingExits = new ListBuffer<>();
748 scan(tree.selector);
749 Liveness prevAlive = alive;
750 for (List<JCCase> l = tree.cases; l.nonEmpty(); l = l.tail) {
751 alive = Liveness.ALIVE;
752 JCCase c = l.head;
753 for (JCCaseLabel pat : c.labels) {
754 scan(pat);
755 }
756 scanStats(c.stats);
757 if (alive == Liveness.ALIVE) {
758 if (c.caseKind == JCCase.RULE) {
759 log.error(TreeInfo.diagEndPos(c.body),
760 Errors.RuleCompletesNormally);
761 } else if (l.tail.isEmpty()) {
762 log.error(TreeInfo.diagEndPos(tree),
763 Errors.SwitchExpressionCompletesNormally);
764 }
765 }
766 }
767
768 if (tree.hasUnconditionalPattern ||
769 TreeInfo.isErrorEnumSwitch(tree.selector, tree.cases)) {
770 tree.isExhaustive = true;
771 } else {
772 tree.isExhaustive = exhausts(tree.selector, tree.cases);
773 }
774
775 if (!tree.isExhaustive) {
776 log.error(tree, Errors.NotExhaustive);
777 }
778 alive = prevAlive;
779 alive = alive.or(resolveYields(tree, prevPendingExits));
780 }
781
782 private boolean exhausts(JCExpression selector, List<JCCase> cases) {
783 Set<PatternDescription> patternSet = new HashSet<>();
784 Map<Symbol, Set<Symbol>> enum2Constants = new HashMap<>();
785 Set<Object> booleanLiterals = new HashSet<>(Set.of(0, 1));
786 for (JCCase c : cases) {
787 if (!TreeInfo.unguardedCase(c))
788 continue;
789
790 for (var l : c.labels) {
791 if (l instanceof JCPatternCaseLabel patternLabel) {
792 for (Type component : components(selector.type)) {
793 patternSet.add(makePatternDescription(component, patternLabel.pat));
794 }
795 } else if (l instanceof JCConstantCaseLabel constantLabel) {
796 if (types.unboxedTypeOrType(selector.type).hasTag(TypeTag.BOOLEAN)) {
797 Object value = ((JCLiteral) constantLabel.expr).value;
798 booleanLiterals.remove(value);
799 } else {
800 Symbol s = TreeInfo.symbol(constantLabel.expr);
801 if (s != null && s.isEnum()) {
802 enum2Constants.computeIfAbsent(s.owner, x -> {
803 Set<Symbol> result = new HashSet<>();
804 s.owner.members()
805 .getSymbols(sym -> sym.kind == Kind.VAR && sym.isEnum())
806 .forEach(result::add);
807 return result;
808 }).remove(s);
809 }
810 }
811 }
812 }
813 }
814
815 if (types.unboxedTypeOrType(selector.type).hasTag(TypeTag.BOOLEAN) && booleanLiterals.isEmpty()) {
816 return true;
817 }
818
819 for (Entry<Symbol, Set<Symbol>> e : enum2Constants.entrySet()) {
820 if (e.getValue().isEmpty()) {
821 patternSet.add(new BindingPattern(e.getKey().type));
822 }
823 }
824 Set<PatternDescription> patterns = patternSet;
825 boolean useHashes = true;
826 try {
827 boolean repeat = true;
828 while (repeat) {
829 Set<PatternDescription> updatedPatterns;
830 updatedPatterns = reduceBindingPatterns(selector.type, patterns);
831 updatedPatterns = reduceNestedPatterns(updatedPatterns, useHashes);
832 updatedPatterns = reduceRecordPatterns(updatedPatterns);
833 updatedPatterns = removeCoveredRecordPatterns(updatedPatterns);
834 repeat = !updatedPatterns.equals(patterns);
835 if (checkCovered(selector.type, patterns)) {
836 return true;
837 }
838 if (!repeat) {
839 //there may be situation like:
840 //class B permits S1, S2
841 //patterns: R(S1, B), R(S2, S2)
842 //this might be joined to R(B, S2), as B could be rewritten to S2
843 //but hashing in reduceNestedPatterns will not allow that
844 //disable the use of hashing, and use subtyping in
845 //reduceNestedPatterns to handle situations like this:
846 repeat = useHashes;
847 useHashes = false;
848 } else {
849 //if a reduction happened, make sure hashing in reduceNestedPatterns
850 //is enabled, as the hashing speeds up the process significantly:
851 useHashes = true;
852 }
853 patterns = updatedPatterns;
854 }
855 return checkCovered(selector.type, patterns);
856 } catch (CompletionFailure cf) {
857 chk.completionError(selector.pos(), cf);
858 return true; //error recovery
859 }
860 }
861
862 private boolean checkCovered(Type seltype, Iterable<PatternDescription> patterns) {
863 for (Type seltypeComponent : components(seltype)) {
864 for (PatternDescription pd : patterns) {
865 if(isBpCovered(seltypeComponent, pd)) {
866 return true;
867 }
868 }
869 }
870 return false;
871 }
872
873 private List<Type> components(Type seltype) {
874 return switch (seltype.getTag()) {
875 case CLASS -> {
876 if (seltype.isCompound()) {
877 if (seltype.isIntersection()) {
878 yield ((Type.IntersectionClassType) seltype).getComponents()
879 .stream()
880 .flatMap(t -> components(t).stream())
881 .collect(List.collector());
882 }
883 yield List.nil();
884 }
885 yield List.of(types.erasure(seltype));
886 }
887 case TYPEVAR -> components(((TypeVar) seltype).getUpperBound());
888 default -> List.of(types.erasure(seltype));
889 };
890 }
891
892 /* In a set of patterns, search for a sub-set of binding patterns that
893 * in combination exhaust their sealed supertype. If such a sub-set
894 * is found, it is removed, and replaced with a binding pattern
895 * for the sealed supertype.
896 */
897 private Set<PatternDescription> reduceBindingPatterns(Type selectorType, Set<PatternDescription> patterns) {
898 Set<Symbol> existingBindings = patterns.stream()
899 .filter(pd -> pd instanceof BindingPattern)
900 .map(pd -> ((BindingPattern) pd).type.tsym)
901 .collect(Collectors.toSet());
902
903 for (PatternDescription pdOne : patterns) {
904 if (pdOne instanceof BindingPattern bpOne) {
905 Set<PatternDescription> toAdd = new HashSet<>();
906
907 for (Type sup : types.directSupertypes(bpOne.type)) {
908 ClassSymbol clazz = (ClassSymbol) types.erasure(sup).tsym;
909
910 clazz.complete();
911
912 if (clazz.isSealed() && clazz.isAbstract() &&
913 //if a binding pattern for clazz already exists, no need to analyze it again:
914 !existingBindings.contains(clazz)) {
915 ListBuffer<PatternDescription> bindings = new ListBuffer<>();
916 //do not reduce to types unrelated to the selector type:
917 Type clazzErasure = types.erasure(clazz.type);
918 if (components(selectorType).stream()
919 .map(types::erasure)
920 .noneMatch(c -> types.isSubtype(clazzErasure, c))) {
921 continue;
922 }
923
924 Set<Symbol> permitted = allPermittedSubTypes(clazz, csym -> {
925 Type instantiated;
926 if (csym.type.allparams().isEmpty()) {
927 instantiated = csym.type;
928 } else {
929 instantiated = infer.instantiatePatternType(selectorType, csym);
930 }
931
932 return instantiated != null && types.isCastable(selectorType, instantiated);
933 });
934
935 for (PatternDescription pdOther : patterns) {
936 if (pdOther instanceof BindingPattern bpOther) {
937 Set<Symbol> currentPermittedSubTypes =
938 allPermittedSubTypes(bpOther.type.tsym, s -> true);
939
940 PERMITTED: for (Iterator<Symbol> it = permitted.iterator(); it.hasNext();) {
941 Symbol perm = it.next();
942
943 for (Symbol currentPermitted : currentPermittedSubTypes) {
944 if (types.isSubtype(types.erasure(currentPermitted.type),
945 types.erasure(perm.type))) {
946 it.remove();
947 continue PERMITTED;
948 }
949 }
950 if (types.isSubtype(types.erasure(perm.type),
951 types.erasure(bpOther.type))) {
952 it.remove();
953 }
954 }
955 }
956 }
957
958 if (permitted.isEmpty()) {
959 toAdd.add(new BindingPattern(clazz.type));
960 }
961 }
962 }
963
964 if (!toAdd.isEmpty()) {
965 Set<PatternDescription> newPatterns = new HashSet<>(patterns);
966 newPatterns.addAll(toAdd);
967 return newPatterns;
968 }
969 }
970 }
971 return patterns;
972 }
973
974 private Set<Symbol> allPermittedSubTypes(TypeSymbol root, Predicate<ClassSymbol> accept) {
975 Set<Symbol> permitted = new HashSet<>();
976 List<ClassSymbol> permittedSubtypesClosure = baseClasses(root);
977
978 while (permittedSubtypesClosure.nonEmpty()) {
979 ClassSymbol current = permittedSubtypesClosure.head;
980
981 permittedSubtypesClosure = permittedSubtypesClosure.tail;
982
983 current.complete();
984
985 if (current.isSealed() && current.isAbstract()) {
986 for (Type t : current.getPermittedSubclasses()) {
987 ClassSymbol csym = (ClassSymbol) t.tsym;
988
989 if (accept.test(csym)) {
990 permittedSubtypesClosure = permittedSubtypesClosure.prepend(csym);
991 permitted.add(csym);
992 }
993 }
994 }
995 }
996
997 return permitted;
998 }
999
1000 private List<ClassSymbol> baseClasses(TypeSymbol root) {
1001 if (root instanceof ClassSymbol clazz) {
1002 return List.of(clazz);
1003 } else if (root instanceof TypeVariableSymbol tvar) {
1004 ListBuffer<ClassSymbol> result = new ListBuffer<>();
1005 for (Type bound : tvar.getBounds()) {
1006 result.appendList(baseClasses(bound.tsym));
1007 }
1008 return result.toList();
1009 } else {
1010 return List.nil();
1011 }
1012 }
1013
1014 /* Among the set of patterns, find sub-set of patterns such:
1015 * $record($prefix$, $nested, $suffix$)
1016 * Where $record, $prefix$ and $suffix$ is the same for each pattern
1017 * in the set, and the patterns only differ in one "column" in
1018 * the $nested pattern.
1019 * Then, the set of $nested patterns is taken, and passed recursively
1020 * to reduceNestedPatterns and to reduceBindingPatterns, to
1021 * simplify the pattern. If that succeeds, the original found sub-set
1022 * of patterns is replaced with a new set of patterns of the form:
1023 * $record($prefix$, $resultOfReduction, $suffix$)
1024 *
1025 * useHashes: when true, patterns will be subject to exact equivalence;
1026 * when false, two binding patterns will be considered equivalent
1027 * if one of them is more generic than the other one;
1028 * when false, the processing will be significantly slower,
1029 * as pattern hashes cannot be used to speed up the matching process
1030 */
1031 private Set<PatternDescription> reduceNestedPatterns(Set<PatternDescription> patterns,
1032 boolean useHashes) {
1033 /* implementation note:
1034 * finding a sub-set of patterns that only differ in a single
1035 * column is time-consuming task, so this method speeds it up by:
1036 * - group the patterns by their record class
1037 * - for each column (nested pattern) do:
1038 * -- group patterns by their hash
1039 * -- in each such by-hash group, find sub-sets that only differ in
1040 * the chosen column, and then call reduceBindingPatterns and reduceNestedPatterns
1041 * on patterns in the chosen column, as described above
1042 */
1043 var groupByRecordClass =
1044 patterns.stream()
1045 .filter(pd -> pd instanceof RecordPattern)
1046 .map(pd -> (RecordPattern) pd)
1047 .collect(groupingBy(pd -> (ClassSymbol) pd.recordType.tsym));
1048
1049 for (var e : groupByRecordClass.entrySet()) {
1050 int nestedPatternsCount = e.getKey().getRecordComponents().size();
1051 Set<RecordPattern> current = new HashSet<>(e.getValue());
1052
1053 for (int mismatchingCandidate = 0;
1054 mismatchingCandidate < nestedPatternsCount;
1055 mismatchingCandidate++) {
1056 int mismatchingCandidateFin = mismatchingCandidate;
1057 var groupEquivalenceCandidates =
1058 current
1059 .stream()
1060 //error recovery, ignore patterns with incorrect number of nested patterns:
1061 .filter(pd -> pd.nested.length == nestedPatternsCount)
1062 .collect(groupingBy(pd -> useHashes ? pd.hashCode(mismatchingCandidateFin) : 0));
1063 for (var candidates : groupEquivalenceCandidates.values()) {
1064 var candidatesArr = candidates.toArray(RecordPattern[]::new);
1065
1066 for (int firstCandidate = 0;
1067 firstCandidate < candidatesArr.length;
1068 firstCandidate++) {
1069 RecordPattern rpOne = candidatesArr[firstCandidate];
1070 ListBuffer<RecordPattern> join = new ListBuffer<>();
1071
1072 join.append(rpOne);
1073
1074 NEXT_PATTERN: for (int nextCandidate = 0;
1075 nextCandidate < candidatesArr.length;
1076 nextCandidate++) {
1077 if (firstCandidate == nextCandidate) {
1078 continue;
1079 }
1080
1081 RecordPattern rpOther = candidatesArr[nextCandidate];
1082 if (rpOne.recordType.tsym == rpOther.recordType.tsym) {
1083 for (int i = 0; i < rpOne.nested.length; i++) {
1084 if (i != mismatchingCandidate) {
1085 if (!rpOne.nested[i].equals(rpOther.nested[i])) {
1086 if (useHashes ||
1087 //when not using hashes,
1088 //check if rpOne.nested[i] is
1089 //a subtype of rpOther.nested[i]:
1090 !(rpOne.nested[i] instanceof BindingPattern bpOne) ||
1091 !(rpOther.nested[i] instanceof BindingPattern bpOther) ||
1092 !types.isSubtype(types.erasure(bpOne.type), types.erasure(bpOther.type))) {
1093 continue NEXT_PATTERN;
1094 }
1095 }
1096 }
1097 }
1098 join.append(rpOther);
1099 }
1100 }
1101
1102 var nestedPatterns = join.stream().map(rp -> rp.nested[mismatchingCandidateFin]).collect(Collectors.toSet());
1103 var updatedPatterns = reduceNestedPatterns(nestedPatterns, useHashes);
1104
1105 updatedPatterns = reduceRecordPatterns(updatedPatterns);
1106 updatedPatterns = removeCoveredRecordPatterns(updatedPatterns);
1107 updatedPatterns = reduceBindingPatterns(rpOne.fullComponentTypes()[mismatchingCandidateFin], updatedPatterns);
1108
1109 if (!nestedPatterns.equals(updatedPatterns)) {
1110 if (useHashes) {
1111 current.removeAll(join);
1112 }
1113
1114 for (PatternDescription nested : updatedPatterns) {
1115 PatternDescription[] newNested =
1116 Arrays.copyOf(rpOne.nested, rpOne.nested.length);
1117 newNested[mismatchingCandidateFin] = nested;
1118 current.add(new RecordPattern(rpOne.recordType(),
1119 rpOne.fullComponentTypes(),
1120 newNested));
1121 }
1122 }
1123 }
1124 }
1125 }
1126
1127 if (!current.equals(new HashSet<>(e.getValue()))) {
1128 Set<PatternDescription> result = new HashSet<>(patterns);
1129 result.removeAll(e.getValue());
1130 result.addAll(current);
1131 return result;
1132 }
1133 }
1134 return patterns;
1135 }
1136
1137 /* In the set of patterns, find those for which, given:
1138 * $record($nested1, $nested2, ...)
1139 * all the $nestedX pattern cover the given record component,
1140 * and replace those with a simple binding pattern over $record.
1141 */
1142 private Set<PatternDescription> reduceRecordPatterns(Set<PatternDescription> patterns) {
1143 var newPatterns = new HashSet<PatternDescription>();
1144 boolean modified = false;
1145 for (PatternDescription pd : patterns) {
1146 if (pd instanceof RecordPattern rpOne) {
1147 PatternDescription reducedPattern = reduceRecordPattern(rpOne);
1148 if (reducedPattern != rpOne) {
1149 newPatterns.add(reducedPattern);
1150 modified = true;
1151 continue;
1152 }
1153 }
1154 newPatterns.add(pd);
1155 }
1156 return modified ? newPatterns : patterns;
1157 }
1158
1159 private PatternDescription reduceRecordPattern(PatternDescription pattern) {
1160 if (pattern instanceof RecordPattern rpOne) {
1161 Type[] componentType = rpOne.fullComponentTypes();
1162 //error recovery, ignore patterns with incorrect number of nested patterns:
1163 if (componentType.length != rpOne.nested.length) {
1164 return pattern;
1165 }
1166 PatternDescription[] reducedNestedPatterns = null;
1167 boolean covered = true;
1168 for (int i = 0; i < componentType.length; i++) {
1169 PatternDescription newNested = reduceRecordPattern(rpOne.nested[i]);
1170 if (newNested != rpOne.nested[i]) {
1171 if (reducedNestedPatterns == null) {
1172 reducedNestedPatterns = Arrays.copyOf(rpOne.nested, rpOne.nested.length);
1173 }
1174 reducedNestedPatterns[i] = newNested;
1175 }
1176
1177 covered &= checkCovered(componentType[i], List.of(newNested));
1178 }
1179 if (covered) {
1180 return new BindingPattern(rpOne.recordType);
1181 } else if (reducedNestedPatterns != null) {
1182 return new RecordPattern(rpOne.recordType, rpOne.fullComponentTypes(), reducedNestedPatterns);
1183 }
1184 }
1185 return pattern;
1186 }
1187
1188 private Set<PatternDescription> removeCoveredRecordPatterns(Set<PatternDescription> patterns) {
1189 Set<Symbol> existingBindings = patterns.stream()
1190 .filter(pd -> pd instanceof BindingPattern)
1191 .map(pd -> ((BindingPattern) pd).type.tsym)
1192 .collect(Collectors.toSet());
1193 Set<PatternDescription> result = new HashSet<>(patterns);
1194
1195 for (Iterator<PatternDescription> it = result.iterator(); it.hasNext();) {
1196 PatternDescription pd = it.next();
1197 if (pd instanceof RecordPattern rp && existingBindings.contains(rp.recordType.tsym)) {
1198 it.remove();
1199 }
1200 }
1201
1202 return result;
1203 }
1204
1205 public void visitTry(JCTry tree) {
1206 ListBuffer<PendingExit> prevPendingExits = pendingExits;
1207 pendingExits = new ListBuffer<>();
1208 for (JCTree resource : tree.resources) {
1209 if (resource instanceof JCVariableDecl variableDecl) {
1210 visitVarDef(variableDecl);
1211 } else if (resource instanceof JCExpression expression) {
1212 scan(expression);
1213 } else {
1214 throw new AssertionError(tree); // parser error
1215 }
1216 }
1217
1218 scanStat(tree.body);
1219 Liveness aliveEnd = alive;
1220
1221 for (List<JCCatch> l = tree.catchers; l.nonEmpty(); l = l.tail) {
1222 alive = Liveness.ALIVE;
1223 JCVariableDecl param = l.head.param;
1224 scan(param);
1225 scanStat(l.head.body);
1226 aliveEnd = aliveEnd.or(alive);
1227 }
1228 if (tree.finalizer != null) {
1229 ListBuffer<PendingExit> exits = pendingExits;
1230 pendingExits = prevPendingExits;
1231 alive = Liveness.ALIVE;
1232 scanStat(tree.finalizer);
1233 tree.finallyCanCompleteNormally = alive != Liveness.DEAD;
1234 if (alive == Liveness.DEAD) {
1235 lint.logIfEnabled(TreeInfo.diagEndPos(tree.finalizer),
1236 LintWarnings.FinallyCannotComplete);
1237 } else {
1238 while (exits.nonEmpty()) {
1239 pendingExits.append(exits.next());
1240 }
1241 alive = aliveEnd;
1242 }
1243 } else {
1244 alive = aliveEnd;
1245 ListBuffer<PendingExit> exits = pendingExits;
1246 pendingExits = prevPendingExits;
1247 while (exits.nonEmpty()) pendingExits.append(exits.next());
1248 }
1249 }
1250
1251 @Override
1252 public void visitIf(JCIf tree) {
1253 scan(tree.cond);
1254 scanStat(tree.thenpart);
1255 if (tree.elsepart != null) {
1256 Liveness aliveAfterThen = alive;
1257 alive = Liveness.ALIVE;
1258 scanStat(tree.elsepart);
1259 alive = alive.or(aliveAfterThen);
1260 } else {
1261 alive = Liveness.ALIVE;
1262 }
1263 }
1264
1265 public void visitBreak(JCBreak tree) {
1266 recordExit(new PendingExit(tree));
1267 }
1268
1269 @Override
1270 public void visitYield(JCYield tree) {
1271 scan(tree.value);
1272 recordExit(new PendingExit(tree));
1273 }
1274
1275 public void visitContinue(JCContinue tree) {
1276 recordExit(new PendingExit(tree));
1277 }
1278
1279 public void visitReturn(JCReturn tree) {
1280 scan(tree.expr);
1281 recordExit(new PendingExit(tree));
1282 }
1283
1284 public void visitThrow(JCThrow tree) {
1285 scan(tree.expr);
1286 markDead();
1287 }
1288
1289 public void visitApply(JCMethodInvocation tree) {
1290 scan(tree.meth);
1291 scan(tree.args);
1292 }
1293
1294 public void visitNewClass(JCNewClass tree) {
1295 scan(tree.encl);
1296 scan(tree.args);
1297 if (tree.def != null) {
1298 scan(tree.def);
1299 }
1300 }
1301
1302 @Override
1303 public void visitLambda(JCLambda tree) {
1304 if (tree.type != null &&
1305 tree.type.isErroneous()) {
1306 return;
1307 }
1308
1309 ListBuffer<PendingExit> prevPending = pendingExits;
1310 Liveness prevAlive = alive;
1311 try {
1312 pendingExits = new ListBuffer<>();
1313 alive = Liveness.ALIVE;
1314 scanStat(tree.body);
1315 tree.canCompleteNormally = alive != Liveness.DEAD;
1316 }
1317 finally {
1318 pendingExits = prevPending;
1319 alive = prevAlive;
1320 }
1321 }
1322
1323 public void visitModuleDef(JCModuleDecl tree) {
1324 // Do nothing for modules
1325 }
1326
1327 /* ************************************************************************
1328 * main method
1329 *************************************************************************/
1330
1331 /** Perform definite assignment/unassignment analysis on a tree.
1332 */
1333 public void analyzeTree(Env<AttrContext> env, TreeMaker make) {
1334 analyzeTree(env, env.tree, make);
1335 }
1336 public void analyzeTree(Env<AttrContext> env, JCTree tree, TreeMaker make) {
1337 try {
1338 attrEnv = env;
1339 Flow.this.make = make;
1340 pendingExits = new ListBuffer<>();
1341 alive = Liveness.ALIVE;
1342 scan(tree);
1343 } finally {
1344 pendingExits = null;
1345 Flow.this.make = null;
1346 }
1347 }
1348 }
1349
1350 private boolean isBpCovered(Type componentType, PatternDescription newNested) {
1351 if (newNested instanceof BindingPattern bp) {
1352 Type seltype = types.erasure(componentType);
1353 Type pattype = types.erasure(bp.type);
1354
1355 return seltype.isPrimitive() ?
1356 types.isUnconditionallyExact(seltype, pattype) :
1357 (bp.type.isPrimitive() && types.isUnconditionallyExact(types.unboxedType(seltype), bp.type)) || types.isSubtype(seltype, pattype);
1358 }
1359 return false;
1360 }
1361
1362 /**
1363 * This pass implements the second step of the dataflow analysis, namely
1364 * the exception analysis. This is to ensure that every checked exception that is
1365 * thrown is declared or caught. The analyzer uses some info that has been set by
1366 * the liveliness analyzer.
1367 */
1368 class FlowAnalyzer extends BaseAnalyzer {
1369
1370 /** A flag that indicates whether the last statement could
1371 * complete normally.
1372 */
1373 HashMap<Symbol, List<Type>> preciseRethrowTypes;
1374
1375 /** The current class being defined.
1376 */
1377 JCClassDecl classDef;
1378
1379 /** The list of possibly thrown declarable exceptions.
1380 */
1381 List<Type> thrown;
1382
1383 /** The list of exceptions that are either caught or declared to be
1384 * thrown.
1385 */
1386 List<Type> caught;
1387
1388 class ThrownPendingExit extends BaseAnalyzer.PendingExit {
1389
1390 Type thrown;
1391
1392 ThrownPendingExit(JCTree tree, Type thrown) {
1393 super(tree);
1394 this.thrown = thrown;
1395 }
1396 }
1397
1398 @Override
1399 void markDead() {
1400 //do nothing
1401 }
1402
1403 /*-------------------- Exceptions ----------------------*/
1404
1405 /** Complain that pending exceptions are not caught.
1406 */
1407 void errorUncaught() {
1408 for (PendingExit exit = pendingExits.next();
1409 exit != null;
1410 exit = pendingExits.next()) {
1411 if (exit instanceof ThrownPendingExit thrownExit) {
1412 if (classDef != null &&
1413 classDef.pos == exit.tree.pos) {
1414 log.error(exit.tree.pos(),
1415 Errors.UnreportedExceptionDefaultConstructor(thrownExit.thrown));
1416 } else if (exit.tree.hasTag(VARDEF) &&
1417 ((JCVariableDecl)exit.tree).sym.isResourceVariable()) {
1418 log.error(exit.tree.pos(),
1419 Errors.UnreportedExceptionImplicitClose(thrownExit.thrown,
1420 ((JCVariableDecl)exit.tree).sym.name));
1421 } else {
1422 log.error(exit.tree.pos(),
1423 Errors.UnreportedExceptionNeedToCatchOrThrow(thrownExit.thrown));
1424 }
1425 } else {
1426 Assert.check(log.hasErrorOn(exit.tree.pos()));
1427 }
1428 }
1429 }
1430
1431 /** Record that exception is potentially thrown and check that it
1432 * is caught.
1433 */
1434 void markThrown(JCTree tree, Type exc) {
1435 if (!chk.isUnchecked(tree.pos(), exc)) {
1436 if (!chk.isHandled(exc, caught)) {
1437 pendingExits.append(new ThrownPendingExit(tree, exc));
1438 }
1439 thrown = chk.incl(exc, thrown);
1440 }
1441 }
1442
1443 /* ***********************************************************************
1444 * Visitor methods for statements and definitions
1445 *************************************************************************/
1446
1447 /* ------------ Visitor methods for various sorts of trees -------------*/
1448
1449 public void visitClassDef(JCClassDecl tree) {
1450 if (tree.sym == null) return;
1451
1452 JCClassDecl classDefPrev = classDef;
1453 List<Type> thrownPrev = thrown;
1454 List<Type> caughtPrev = caught;
1455 ListBuffer<PendingExit> pendingExitsPrev = pendingExits;
1456 Lint lintPrev = lint;
1457 boolean anonymousClass = tree.name == names.empty;
1458 pendingExits = new ListBuffer<>();
1459 if (!anonymousClass) {
1460 caught = List.nil();
1461 }
1462 classDef = tree;
1463 thrown = List.nil();
1464 lint = lint.augment(tree.sym);
1465
1466 try {
1467 // process all the nested classes
1468 for (List<JCTree> l = tree.defs; l.nonEmpty(); l = l.tail) {
1469 if (l.head.hasTag(CLASSDEF)) {
1470 scan(l.head);
1471 }
1472 }
1473
1474 // process all the static initializers
1475 forEachInitializer(tree, true, def -> {
1476 scan(def);
1477 errorUncaught();
1478 });
1479
1480 // in an anonymous class, add the set of thrown exceptions to
1481 // the throws clause of the synthetic constructor and propagate
1482 // outwards.
1483 // Changing the throws clause on the fly is okay here because
1484 // the anonymous constructor can't be invoked anywhere else,
1485 // and its type hasn't been cached.
1486 if (anonymousClass) {
1487 for (List<JCTree> l = tree.defs; l.nonEmpty(); l = l.tail) {
1488 if (TreeInfo.isConstructor(l.head)) {
1489 JCMethodDecl mdef = (JCMethodDecl)l.head;
1490 scan(mdef);
1491 mdef.thrown = make.Types(thrown);
1492 mdef.sym.type = types.createMethodTypeWithThrown(mdef.sym.type, thrown);
1493 }
1494 }
1495 thrownPrev = chk.union(thrown, thrownPrev);
1496 }
1497
1498 // process all the methods
1499 for (List<JCTree> l = tree.defs; l.nonEmpty(); l = l.tail) {
1500 if (anonymousClass && TreeInfo.isConstructor(l.head))
1501 continue; // there can never be an uncaught exception.
1502 if (l.head.hasTag(METHODDEF)) {
1503 scan(l.head);
1504 errorUncaught();
1505 }
1506 }
1507
1508 thrown = thrownPrev;
1509 } finally {
1510 pendingExits = pendingExitsPrev;
1511 caught = caughtPrev;
1512 classDef = classDefPrev;
1513 lint = lintPrev;
1514 }
1515 }
1516
1517 public void visitMethodDef(JCMethodDecl tree) {
1518 if (tree.body == null) return;
1519
1520 List<Type> caughtPrev = caught;
1521 List<Type> mthrown = tree.sym.type.getThrownTypes();
1522 Lint lintPrev = lint;
1523
1524 lint = lint.augment(tree.sym);
1525
1526 Assert.check(pendingExits.isEmpty());
1527
1528 try {
1529 for (List<JCVariableDecl> l = tree.params; l.nonEmpty(); l = l.tail) {
1530 JCVariableDecl def = l.head;
1531 scan(def);
1532 }
1533 if (TreeInfo.hasConstructorCall(tree, names._super))
1534 caught = chk.union(caught, mthrown);
1535 else if ((tree.sym.flags() & (BLOCK | STATIC)) != BLOCK)
1536 caught = mthrown;
1537 // else we are in an instance initializer block;
1538 // leave caught unchanged.
1539
1540 scan(tree.body);
1541
1542 List<PendingExit> exits = pendingExits.toList();
1543 pendingExits = new ListBuffer<>();
1544 while (exits.nonEmpty()) {
1545 PendingExit exit = exits.head;
1546 exits = exits.tail;
1547 if (!(exit instanceof ThrownPendingExit)) {
1548 Assert.check(exit.tree.hasTag(RETURN) ||
1549 log.hasErrorOn(exit.tree.pos()));
1550 } else {
1551 // uncaught throws will be reported later
1552 pendingExits.append(exit);
1553 }
1554 }
1555 } finally {
1556 caught = caughtPrev;
1557 lint = lintPrev;
1558 }
1559 }
1560
1561 public void visitVarDef(JCVariableDecl tree) {
1562 if (tree.init != null) {
1563 Lint lintPrev = lint;
1564 lint = lint.augment(tree.sym);
1565 try{
1566 scan(tree.init);
1567 } finally {
1568 lint = lintPrev;
1569 }
1570 }
1571 }
1572
1573 public void visitBlock(JCBlock tree) {
1574 scan(tree.stats);
1575 }
1576
1577 public void visitDoLoop(JCDoWhileLoop tree) {
1578 ListBuffer<PendingExit> prevPendingExits = pendingExits;
1579 pendingExits = new ListBuffer<>();
1580 scan(tree.body);
1581 resolveContinues(tree);
1582 scan(tree.cond);
1583 resolveBreaks(tree, prevPendingExits);
1584 }
1585
1586 public void visitWhileLoop(JCWhileLoop tree) {
1587 ListBuffer<PendingExit> prevPendingExits = pendingExits;
1588 pendingExits = new ListBuffer<>();
1589 scan(tree.cond);
1590 scan(tree.body);
1591 resolveContinues(tree);
1592 resolveBreaks(tree, prevPendingExits);
1593 }
1594
1595 public void visitForLoop(JCForLoop tree) {
1596 ListBuffer<PendingExit> prevPendingExits = pendingExits;
1597 scan(tree.init);
1598 pendingExits = new ListBuffer<>();
1599 if (tree.cond != null) {
1600 scan(tree.cond);
1601 }
1602 scan(tree.body);
1603 resolveContinues(tree);
1604 scan(tree.step);
1605 resolveBreaks(tree, prevPendingExits);
1606 }
1607
1608 public void visitForeachLoop(JCEnhancedForLoop tree) {
1609 visitVarDef(tree.var);
1610 ListBuffer<PendingExit> prevPendingExits = pendingExits;
1611 scan(tree.expr);
1612 pendingExits = new ListBuffer<>();
1613 scan(tree.body);
1614 resolveContinues(tree);
1615 resolveBreaks(tree, prevPendingExits);
1616 }
1617
1618 public void visitLabelled(JCLabeledStatement tree) {
1619 ListBuffer<PendingExit> prevPendingExits = pendingExits;
1620 pendingExits = new ListBuffer<>();
1621 scan(tree.body);
1622 resolveBreaks(tree, prevPendingExits);
1623 }
1624
1625 public void visitSwitch(JCSwitch tree) {
1626 handleSwitch(tree, tree.selector, tree.cases);
1627 }
1628
1629 @Override
1630 public void visitSwitchExpression(JCSwitchExpression tree) {
1631 handleSwitch(tree, tree.selector, tree.cases);
1632 }
1633
1634 private void handleSwitch(JCTree tree, JCExpression selector, List<JCCase> cases) {
1635 ListBuffer<PendingExit> prevPendingExits = pendingExits;
1636 pendingExits = new ListBuffer<>();
1637 scan(selector);
1638 for (List<JCCase> l = cases; l.nonEmpty(); l = l.tail) {
1639 JCCase c = l.head;
1640 scan(c.labels);
1641 scan(c.stats);
1642 }
1643 if (tree.hasTag(SWITCH_EXPRESSION)) {
1644 resolveYields(tree, prevPendingExits);
1645 } else {
1646 resolveBreaks(tree, prevPendingExits);
1647 }
1648 }
1649
1650 public void visitTry(JCTry tree) {
1651 List<Type> caughtPrev = caught;
1652 List<Type> thrownPrev = thrown;
1653 thrown = List.nil();
1654 for (List<JCCatch> l = tree.catchers; l.nonEmpty(); l = l.tail) {
1655 List<JCExpression> subClauses = TreeInfo.isMultiCatch(l.head) ?
1656 ((JCTypeUnion)l.head.param.vartype).alternatives :
1657 List.of(l.head.param.vartype);
1658 for (JCExpression ct : subClauses) {
1659 caught = chk.incl(ct.type, caught);
1660 }
1661 }
1662
1663 ListBuffer<PendingExit> prevPendingExits = pendingExits;
1664 pendingExits = new ListBuffer<>();
1665 for (JCTree resource : tree.resources) {
1666 if (resource instanceof JCVariableDecl variableDecl) {
1667 visitVarDef(variableDecl);
1668 } else if (resource instanceof JCExpression expression) {
1669 scan(expression);
1670 } else {
1671 throw new AssertionError(tree); // parser error
1672 }
1673 }
1674 for (JCTree resource : tree.resources) {
1675 List<Type> closeableSupertypes = resource.type.isCompound() ?
1676 types.interfaces(resource.type).prepend(types.supertype(resource.type)) :
1677 List.of(resource.type);
1678 for (Type sup : closeableSupertypes) {
1679 if (types.asSuper(sup, syms.autoCloseableType.tsym) != null) {
1680 Symbol closeMethod = rs.resolveQualifiedMethod(tree,
1681 attrEnv,
1682 types.skipTypeVars(sup, false),
1683 names.close,
1684 List.nil(),
1685 List.nil());
1686 Type mt = types.memberType(resource.type, closeMethod);
1687 if (closeMethod.kind == MTH) {
1688 for (Type t : mt.getThrownTypes()) {
1689 markThrown(resource, t);
1690 }
1691 }
1692 }
1693 }
1694 }
1695 scan(tree.body);
1696 List<Type> thrownInTry = chk.union(thrown, List.of(syms.runtimeExceptionType, syms.errorType));
1697 thrown = thrownPrev;
1698 caught = caughtPrev;
1699
1700 List<Type> caughtInTry = List.nil();
1701 for (List<JCCatch> l = tree.catchers; l.nonEmpty(); l = l.tail) {
1702 JCVariableDecl param = l.head.param;
1703 List<JCExpression> subClauses = TreeInfo.isMultiCatch(l.head) ?
1704 ((JCTypeUnion)l.head.param.vartype).alternatives :
1705 List.of(l.head.param.vartype);
1706 List<Type> ctypes = List.nil();
1707 List<Type> rethrownTypes = chk.diff(thrownInTry, caughtInTry);
1708 for (JCExpression ct : subClauses) {
1709 Type exc = ct.type;
1710 if (exc != syms.unknownType) {
1711 ctypes = ctypes.append(exc);
1712 if (types.isSameType(exc, syms.objectType))
1713 continue;
1714 var pos = subClauses.size() > 1 ? ct.pos() : l.head.pos();
1715 checkCaughtType(pos, exc, thrownInTry, caughtInTry);
1716 caughtInTry = chk.incl(exc, caughtInTry);
1717 }
1718 }
1719 scan(param);
1720 preciseRethrowTypes.put(param.sym, chk.intersect(ctypes, rethrownTypes));
1721 scan(l.head.body);
1722 preciseRethrowTypes.remove(param.sym);
1723 }
1724 if (tree.finalizer != null) {
1725 List<Type> savedThrown = thrown;
1726 thrown = List.nil();
1727 ListBuffer<PendingExit> exits = pendingExits;
1728 pendingExits = prevPendingExits;
1729 scan(tree.finalizer);
1730 if (!tree.finallyCanCompleteNormally) {
1731 // discard exits and exceptions from try and finally
1732 thrown = chk.union(thrown, thrownPrev);
1733 } else {
1734 thrown = chk.union(thrown, chk.diff(thrownInTry, caughtInTry));
1735 thrown = chk.union(thrown, savedThrown);
1736 // FIX: this doesn't preserve source order of exits in catch
1737 // versus finally!
1738 while (exits.nonEmpty()) {
1739 pendingExits.append(exits.next());
1740 }
1741 }
1742 } else {
1743 thrown = chk.union(thrown, chk.diff(thrownInTry, caughtInTry));
1744 ListBuffer<PendingExit> exits = pendingExits;
1745 pendingExits = prevPendingExits;
1746 while (exits.nonEmpty()) pendingExits.append(exits.next());
1747 }
1748 }
1749
1750 @Override
1751 public void visitIf(JCIf tree) {
1752 scan(tree.cond);
1753 scan(tree.thenpart);
1754 if (tree.elsepart != null) {
1755 scan(tree.elsepart);
1756 }
1757 }
1758
1759 void checkCaughtType(DiagnosticPosition pos, Type exc, List<Type> thrownInTry, List<Type> caughtInTry) {
1760 if (chk.subset(exc, caughtInTry)) {
1761 log.error(pos, Errors.ExceptAlreadyCaught(exc));
1762 } else if (!chk.isUnchecked(pos, exc) &&
1763 !isExceptionOrThrowable(exc) &&
1764 !chk.intersects(exc, thrownInTry)) {
1765 log.error(pos, Errors.ExceptNeverThrownInTry(exc));
1766 } else {
1767 List<Type> catchableThrownTypes = chk.intersect(List.of(exc), thrownInTry);
1768 // 'catchableThrownTypes' cannot possibly be empty - if 'exc' was an
1769 // unchecked exception, the result list would not be empty, as the augmented
1770 // thrown set includes { RuntimeException, Error }; if 'exc' was a checked
1771 // exception, that would have been covered in the branch above
1772 if (chk.diff(catchableThrownTypes, caughtInTry).isEmpty() &&
1773 !isExceptionOrThrowable(exc)) {
1774 Warning key = catchableThrownTypes.length() == 1 ?
1775 Warnings.UnreachableCatch(catchableThrownTypes) :
1776 Warnings.UnreachableCatch1(catchableThrownTypes);
1777 log.warning(pos, key);
1778 }
1779 }
1780 }
1781 //where
1782 private boolean isExceptionOrThrowable(Type exc) {
1783 return exc.tsym == syms.throwableType.tsym ||
1784 exc.tsym == syms.exceptionType.tsym;
1785 }
1786
1787 public void visitBreak(JCBreak tree) {
1788 recordExit(new PendingExit(tree));
1789 }
1790
1791 public void visitYield(JCYield tree) {
1792 scan(tree.value);
1793 recordExit(new PendingExit(tree));
1794 }
1795
1796 public void visitContinue(JCContinue tree) {
1797 recordExit(new PendingExit(tree));
1798 }
1799
1800 public void visitReturn(JCReturn tree) {
1801 scan(tree.expr);
1802 recordExit(new PendingExit(tree));
1803 }
1804
1805 public void visitThrow(JCThrow tree) {
1806 scan(tree.expr);
1807 Symbol sym = TreeInfo.symbol(tree.expr);
1808 if (sym != null &&
1809 sym.kind == VAR &&
1810 (sym.flags() & (FINAL | EFFECTIVELY_FINAL)) != 0 &&
1811 preciseRethrowTypes.get(sym) != null) {
1812 for (Type t : preciseRethrowTypes.get(sym)) {
1813 markThrown(tree, t);
1814 }
1815 }
1816 else {
1817 markThrown(tree, tree.expr.type);
1818 }
1819 markDead();
1820 }
1821
1822 public void visitApply(JCMethodInvocation tree) {
1823 scan(tree.meth);
1824 scan(tree.args);
1825
1826 // Mark as thrown the exceptions thrown by the method being invoked
1827 for (List<Type> l = tree.meth.type.getThrownTypes(); l.nonEmpty(); l = l.tail)
1828 markThrown(tree, l.head);
1829
1830 // After super(), scan initializers to uncover any exceptions they throw
1831 if (TreeInfo.name(tree.meth) == names._super) {
1832 forEachInitializer(classDef, false, def -> {
1833 scan(def);
1834 errorUncaught();
1835 });
1836 }
1837 }
1838
1839 public void visitNewClass(JCNewClass tree) {
1840 scan(tree.encl);
1841 scan(tree.args);
1842 // scan(tree.def);
1843 for (List<Type> l = tree.constructorType.getThrownTypes();
1844 l.nonEmpty();
1845 l = l.tail) {
1846 markThrown(tree, l.head);
1847 }
1848 List<Type> caughtPrev = caught;
1849 try {
1850 // If the new class expression defines an anonymous class,
1851 // analysis of the anonymous constructor may encounter thrown
1852 // types which are unsubstituted type variables.
1853 // However, since the constructor's actual thrown types have
1854 // already been marked as thrown, it is safe to simply include
1855 // each of the constructor's formal thrown types in the set of
1856 // 'caught/declared to be thrown' types, for the duration of
1857 // the class def analysis.
1858 if (tree.def != null)
1859 for (List<Type> l = tree.constructor.type.getThrownTypes();
1860 l.nonEmpty();
1861 l = l.tail) {
1862 caught = chk.incl(l.head, caught);
1863 }
1864 scan(tree.def);
1865 }
1866 finally {
1867 caught = caughtPrev;
1868 }
1869 }
1870
1871 @Override
1872 public void visitLambda(JCLambda tree) {
1873 if (tree.type != null &&
1874 tree.type.isErroneous()) {
1875 return;
1876 }
1877 List<Type> prevCaught = caught;
1878 List<Type> prevThrown = thrown;
1879 ListBuffer<PendingExit> prevPending = pendingExits;
1880 try {
1881 pendingExits = new ListBuffer<>();
1882 caught = tree.getDescriptorType(types).getThrownTypes();
1883 thrown = List.nil();
1884 scan(tree.body);
1885 List<PendingExit> exits = pendingExits.toList();
1886 pendingExits = new ListBuffer<>();
1887 while (exits.nonEmpty()) {
1888 PendingExit exit = exits.head;
1889 exits = exits.tail;
1890 if (!(exit instanceof ThrownPendingExit)) {
1891 Assert.check(exit.tree.hasTag(RETURN) ||
1892 log.hasErrorOn(exit.tree.pos()));
1893 } else {
1894 // uncaught throws will be reported later
1895 pendingExits.append(exit);
1896 }
1897 }
1898
1899 errorUncaught();
1900 } finally {
1901 pendingExits = prevPending;
1902 caught = prevCaught;
1903 thrown = prevThrown;
1904 }
1905 }
1906
1907 public void visitModuleDef(JCModuleDecl tree) {
1908 // Do nothing for modules
1909 }
1910
1911 /* ************************************************************************
1912 * main method
1913 *************************************************************************/
1914
1915 /** Perform definite assignment/unassignment analysis on a tree.
1916 */
1917 public void analyzeTree(Env<AttrContext> env, TreeMaker make) {
1918 analyzeTree(env, env.tree, make);
1919 }
1920 public void analyzeTree(Env<AttrContext> env, JCTree tree, TreeMaker make) {
1921 try {
1922 attrEnv = env;
1923 Flow.this.make = make;
1924 pendingExits = new ListBuffer<>();
1925 preciseRethrowTypes = new HashMap<>();
1926 this.thrown = this.caught = null;
1927 this.classDef = null;
1928 scan(tree);
1929 } finally {
1930 pendingExits = null;
1931 Flow.this.make = null;
1932 this.thrown = this.caught = null;
1933 this.classDef = null;
1934 }
1935 }
1936 }
1937
1938 /**
1939 * Specialized pass that performs reachability analysis on a lambda
1940 */
1941 class LambdaAliveAnalyzer extends AliveAnalyzer {
1942
1943 boolean inLambda;
1944
1945 @Override
1946 public void visitReturn(JCReturn tree) {
1947 //ignore lambda return expression (which might not even be attributed)
1948 recordExit(new PendingExit(tree));
1949 }
1950
1951 @Override
1952 public void visitLambda(JCLambda tree) {
1953 if (inLambda || tree.getBodyKind() == BodyKind.EXPRESSION) {
1954 return;
1955 }
1956 inLambda = true;
1957 try {
1958 super.visitLambda(tree);
1959 } finally {
1960 inLambda = false;
1961 }
1962 }
1963
1964 @Override
1965 public void visitClassDef(JCClassDecl tree) {
1966 //skip
1967 }
1968 }
1969
1970 /**
1971 * Determine if alive after the given tree.
1972 */
1973 class SnippetAliveAnalyzer extends AliveAnalyzer {
1974 @Override
1975 public void visitClassDef(JCClassDecl tree) {
1976 //skip
1977 }
1978 @Override
1979 public void visitLambda(JCLambda tree) {
1980 //skip
1981 }
1982 public boolean isAlive() {
1983 return super.alive != Liveness.DEAD;
1984 }
1985 }
1986
1987 class SnippetBreakToAnalyzer extends AliveAnalyzer {
1988 private final JCTree breakTo;
1989 private boolean breaksTo;
1990
1991 public SnippetBreakToAnalyzer(JCTree breakTo) {
1992 this.breakTo = breakTo;
1993 }
1994
1995 @Override
1996 public void visitBreak(JCBreak tree) {
1997 breaksTo |= breakTo == tree.target && super.alive == Liveness.ALIVE;
1998 }
1999
2000 public boolean breaksTo() {
2001 return breaksTo;
2002 }
2003 }
2004
2005 /**
2006 * Specialized pass that performs DA/DU on a lambda
2007 */
2008 class LambdaAssignAnalyzer extends AssignAnalyzer {
2009 WriteableScope enclosedSymbols;
2010 boolean inLambda;
2011
2012 LambdaAssignAnalyzer(Env<AttrContext> env) {
2013 enclosedSymbols = WriteableScope.create(env.enclClass.sym);
2014 }
2015
2016 @Override
2017 public void visitLambda(JCLambda tree) {
2018 if (inLambda) {
2019 return;
2020 }
2021 inLambda = true;
2022 try {
2023 super.visitLambda(tree);
2024 } finally {
2025 inLambda = false;
2026 }
2027 }
2028
2029 @Override
2030 public void visitVarDef(JCVariableDecl tree) {
2031 enclosedSymbols.enter(tree.sym);
2032 super.visitVarDef(tree);
2033 }
2034 @Override
2035 protected boolean trackable(VarSymbol sym) {
2036 return enclosedSymbols.includes(sym) &&
2037 sym.owner.kind == MTH;
2038 }
2039
2040 @Override
2041 public void visitClassDef(JCClassDecl tree) {
2042 //skip
2043 }
2044 }
2045
2046 /**
2047 * Specialized pass that performs inference of thrown types for lambdas.
2048 */
2049 class LambdaFlowAnalyzer extends FlowAnalyzer {
2050 List<Type> inferredThrownTypes;
2051 boolean inLambda;
2052 @Override
2053 public void visitLambda(JCLambda tree) {
2054 if ((tree.type != null &&
2055 tree.type.isErroneous()) || inLambda) {
2056 return;
2057 }
2058 List<Type> prevCaught = caught;
2059 List<Type> prevThrown = thrown;
2060 ListBuffer<PendingExit> prevPending = pendingExits;
2061 inLambda = true;
2062 try {
2063 pendingExits = new ListBuffer<>();
2064 caught = List.of(syms.throwableType);
2065 thrown = List.nil();
2066 scan(tree.body);
2067 inferredThrownTypes = thrown;
2068 } finally {
2069 pendingExits = prevPending;
2070 caught = prevCaught;
2071 thrown = prevThrown;
2072 inLambda = false;
2073 }
2074 }
2075 @Override
2076 public void visitClassDef(JCClassDecl tree) {
2077 //skip
2078 }
2079 }
2080
2081 /**
2082 * This pass implements (i) definite assignment analysis, which ensures that
2083 * each variable is assigned when used and (ii) definite unassignment analysis,
2084 * which ensures that no final variable is assigned more than once. This visitor
2085 * depends on the results of the liveliness analyzer. This pass is also used to mark
2086 * effectively-final local variables/parameters.
2087 */
2088
2089 public class AssignAnalyzer extends BaseAnalyzer {
2090
2091 /** The set of definitely assigned variables.
2092 */
2093 final Bits inits;
2094
2095 /** The set of definitely unassigned variables.
2096 */
2097 final Bits uninits;
2098
2099 /** The set of variables that are definitely unassigned everywhere
2100 * in current try block. This variable is maintained lazily; it is
2101 * updated only when something gets removed from uninits,
2102 * typically by being assigned in reachable code. To obtain the
2103 * correct set of variables which are definitely unassigned
2104 * anywhere in current try block, intersect uninitsTry and
2105 * uninits.
2106 */
2107 final Bits uninitsTry;
2108
2109 /** When analyzing a condition, inits and uninits are null.
2110 * Instead we have:
2111 */
2112 final Bits initsWhenTrue;
2113 final Bits initsWhenFalse;
2114 final Bits uninitsWhenTrue;
2115 final Bits uninitsWhenFalse;
2116
2117 /** A mapping from addresses to variable symbols.
2118 */
2119 protected JCVariableDecl[] vardecls;
2120
2121 /** The current class being defined.
2122 */
2123 JCClassDecl classDef;
2124
2125 /** The first variable sequence number in this class definition.
2126 */
2127 int firstadr;
2128
2129 /** The next available variable sequence number.
2130 */
2131 protected int nextadr;
2132
2133 /** The first variable sequence number in a block that can return.
2134 */
2135 protected int returnadr;
2136
2137 /** The list of unreferenced automatic resources.
2138 */
2139 WriteableScope unrefdResources;
2140
2141 /** Modified when processing a loop body the second time for DU analysis. */
2142 FlowKind flowKind = FlowKind.NORMAL;
2143
2144 /** The starting position of the analyzed tree */
2145 int startPos;
2146
2147 public class AssignPendingExit extends BaseAnalyzer.PendingExit {
2148
2149 final Bits inits;
2150 final Bits uninits;
2151 final Bits exit_inits = new Bits(true);
2152 final Bits exit_uninits = new Bits(true);
2153
2154 public AssignPendingExit(JCTree tree, final Bits inits, final Bits uninits) {
2155 super(tree);
2156 this.inits = inits;
2157 this.uninits = uninits;
2158 this.exit_inits.assign(inits);
2159 this.exit_uninits.assign(uninits);
2160 }
2161
2162 @Override
2163 public void resolveJump() {
2164 inits.andSet(exit_inits);
2165 uninits.andSet(exit_uninits);
2166 }
2167 }
2168
2169 public AssignAnalyzer() {
2170 this.inits = new Bits();
2171 uninits = new Bits();
2172 uninitsTry = new Bits();
2173 initsWhenTrue = new Bits(true);
2174 initsWhenFalse = new Bits(true);
2175 uninitsWhenTrue = new Bits(true);
2176 uninitsWhenFalse = new Bits(true);
2177 }
2178
2179 private boolean isConstructor;
2180
2181 @Override
2182 protected void markDead() {
2183 inits.inclRange(returnadr, nextadr);
2184 uninits.inclRange(returnadr, nextadr);
2185 }
2186
2187 /*-------------- Processing variables ----------------------*/
2188
2189 /** Do we need to track init/uninit state of this symbol?
2190 * I.e. is symbol either a local or a blank final variable?
2191 */
2192 protected boolean trackable(VarSymbol sym) {
2193 return
2194 sym.pos >= startPos &&
2195 ((sym.owner.kind == MTH || sym.owner.kind == VAR ||
2196 isFinalUninitializedField(sym)));
2197 }
2198
2199 boolean isFinalUninitializedField(VarSymbol sym) {
2200 return sym.owner.kind == TYP &&
2201 ((sym.flags() & (FINAL | HASINIT | PARAMETER)) == FINAL &&
2202 classDef.sym.isEnclosedBy((ClassSymbol)sym.owner));
2203 }
2204
2205 /** Initialize new trackable variable by setting its address field
2206 * to the next available sequence number and entering it under that
2207 * index into the vars array.
2208 */
2209 void newVar(JCVariableDecl varDecl) {
2210 VarSymbol sym = varDecl.sym;
2211 vardecls = ArrayUtils.ensureCapacity(vardecls, nextadr);
2212 if ((sym.flags() & FINAL) == 0) {
2213 sym.flags_field |= EFFECTIVELY_FINAL;
2214 }
2215 sym.adr = nextadr;
2216 vardecls[nextadr] = varDecl;
2217 inits.excl(nextadr);
2218 uninits.incl(nextadr);
2219 nextadr++;
2220 }
2221
2222 /** Record an initialization of a trackable variable.
2223 */
2224 void letInit(DiagnosticPosition pos, VarSymbol sym) {
2225 if (sym.adr >= firstadr && trackable(sym)) {
2226 if ((sym.flags() & EFFECTIVELY_FINAL) != 0) {
2227 if (!uninits.isMember(sym.adr)) {
2228 //assignment targeting an effectively final variable
2229 //makes the variable lose its status of effectively final
2230 //if the variable is _not_ definitively unassigned
2231 sym.flags_field &= ~EFFECTIVELY_FINAL;
2232 } else {
2233 uninit(sym);
2234 }
2235 }
2236 else if ((sym.flags() & FINAL) != 0) {
2237 if ((sym.flags() & PARAMETER) != 0) {
2238 if ((sym.flags() & UNION) != 0) { //multi-catch parameter
2239 log.error(pos, Errors.MulticatchParameterMayNotBeAssigned(sym));
2240 }
2241 else {
2242 log.error(pos,
2243 Errors.FinalParameterMayNotBeAssigned(sym));
2244 }
2245 } else if (!uninits.isMember(sym.adr)) {
2246 log.error(pos, diags.errorKey(flowKind.errKey, sym));
2247 } else {
2248 uninit(sym);
2249 }
2250 }
2251 inits.incl(sym.adr);
2252 } else if ((sym.flags() & FINAL) != 0) {
2253 log.error(pos, Errors.VarMightAlreadyBeAssigned(sym));
2254 }
2255 }
2256 //where
2257 void uninit(VarSymbol sym) {
2258 if (!inits.isMember(sym.adr)) {
2259 // reachable assignment
2260 uninits.excl(sym.adr);
2261 uninitsTry.excl(sym.adr);
2262 } else {
2263 //log.rawWarning(pos, "unreachable assignment");//DEBUG
2264 uninits.excl(sym.adr);
2265 }
2266 }
2267
2268 /** If tree is either a simple name or of the form this.name or
2269 * C.this.name, and tree represents a trackable variable,
2270 * record an initialization of the variable.
2271 */
2272 void letInit(JCTree tree) {
2273 tree = TreeInfo.skipParens(tree);
2274 if (tree.hasTag(IDENT) || tree.hasTag(SELECT)) {
2275 Symbol sym = TreeInfo.symbol(tree);
2276 if (sym.kind == VAR) {
2277 letInit(tree.pos(), (VarSymbol)sym);
2278 }
2279 }
2280 }
2281
2282 /** Check that trackable variable is initialized.
2283 */
2284 void checkInit(DiagnosticPosition pos, VarSymbol sym) {
2285 checkInit(pos, sym, Errors.VarMightNotHaveBeenInitialized(sym));
2286 }
2287
2288 void checkInit(DiagnosticPosition pos, VarSymbol sym, Error errkey) {
2289 if ((sym.adr >= firstadr || sym.owner.kind != TYP) &&
2290 trackable(sym) &&
2291 !inits.isMember(sym.adr) &&
2292 (sym.flags_field & CLASH) == 0) {
2293 log.error(pos, errkey);
2294 inits.incl(sym.adr);
2295 }
2296 }
2297
2298 /** Utility method to reset several Bits instances.
2299 */
2300 private void resetBits(Bits... bits) {
2301 for (Bits b : bits) {
2302 b.reset();
2303 }
2304 }
2305
2306 /** Split (duplicate) inits/uninits into WhenTrue/WhenFalse sets
2307 */
2308 void split(boolean setToNull) {
2309 initsWhenFalse.assign(inits);
2310 uninitsWhenFalse.assign(uninits);
2311 initsWhenTrue.assign(inits);
2312 uninitsWhenTrue.assign(uninits);
2313 if (setToNull) {
2314 resetBits(inits, uninits);
2315 }
2316 }
2317
2318 /** Merge (intersect) inits/uninits from WhenTrue/WhenFalse sets.
2319 */
2320 protected void merge() {
2321 inits.assign(initsWhenFalse.andSet(initsWhenTrue));
2322 uninits.assign(uninitsWhenFalse.andSet(uninitsWhenTrue));
2323 }
2324
2325 /* ************************************************************************
2326 * Visitor methods for statements and definitions
2327 *************************************************************************/
2328
2329 /** Analyze an expression. Make sure to set (un)inits rather than
2330 * (un)initsWhenTrue(WhenFalse) on exit.
2331 */
2332 void scanExpr(JCTree tree) {
2333 if (tree != null) {
2334 scan(tree);
2335 if (inits.isReset()) {
2336 merge();
2337 }
2338 }
2339 }
2340
2341 /** Analyze a list of expressions.
2342 */
2343 void scanExprs(List<? extends JCExpression> trees) {
2344 if (trees != null)
2345 for (List<? extends JCExpression> l = trees; l.nonEmpty(); l = l.tail)
2346 scanExpr(l.head);
2347 }
2348
2349 void scanPattern(JCTree tree) {
2350 scan(tree);
2351 }
2352
2353 /** Analyze a condition. Make sure to set (un)initsWhenTrue(WhenFalse)
2354 * rather than (un)inits on exit.
2355 */
2356 void scanCond(JCTree tree) {
2357 if (tree.type.isFalse()) {
2358 if (inits.isReset()) merge();
2359 initsWhenTrue.assign(inits);
2360 initsWhenTrue.inclRange(firstadr, nextadr);
2361 uninitsWhenTrue.assign(uninits);
2362 uninitsWhenTrue.inclRange(firstadr, nextadr);
2363 initsWhenFalse.assign(inits);
2364 uninitsWhenFalse.assign(uninits);
2365 } else if (tree.type.isTrue()) {
2366 if (inits.isReset()) merge();
2367 initsWhenFalse.assign(inits);
2368 initsWhenFalse.inclRange(firstadr, nextadr);
2369 uninitsWhenFalse.assign(uninits);
2370 uninitsWhenFalse.inclRange(firstadr, nextadr);
2371 initsWhenTrue.assign(inits);
2372 uninitsWhenTrue.assign(uninits);
2373 } else {
2374 scan(tree);
2375 if (!inits.isReset())
2376 split(tree.type != syms.unknownType);
2377 }
2378 if (tree.type != syms.unknownType) {
2379 resetBits(inits, uninits);
2380 }
2381 }
2382
2383 /* ------------ Visitor methods for various sorts of trees -------------*/
2384
2385 public void visitClassDef(JCClassDecl tree) {
2386 if (tree.sym == null) {
2387 return;
2388 }
2389
2390 Lint lintPrev = lint;
2391 lint = lint.augment(tree.sym);
2392 try {
2393 JCClassDecl classDefPrev = classDef;
2394 int firstadrPrev = firstadr;
2395 int nextadrPrev = nextadr;
2396 ListBuffer<PendingExit> pendingExitsPrev = pendingExits;
2397
2398 pendingExits = new ListBuffer<>();
2399 if (tree.name != names.empty) {
2400 firstadr = nextadr;
2401 }
2402 classDef = tree;
2403 try {
2404 // define all the static fields
2405 for (List<JCTree> l = tree.defs; l.nonEmpty(); l = l.tail) {
2406 if (l.head.hasTag(VARDEF)) {
2407 JCVariableDecl def = (JCVariableDecl)l.head;
2408 if ((def.mods.flags & STATIC) != 0) {
2409 VarSymbol sym = def.sym;
2410 if (trackable(sym)) {
2411 newVar(def);
2412 }
2413 }
2414 }
2415 }
2416
2417 // process all the static initializers
2418 forEachInitializer(tree, true, def -> {
2419 scan(def);
2420 clearPendingExits(false);
2421 });
2422
2423 // verify all static final fields got initialized
2424 for (int i = firstadr; i < nextadr; i++) {
2425 JCVariableDecl vardecl = vardecls[i];
2426 VarSymbol var = vardecl.sym;
2427 if (var.owner == classDef.sym && var.isStatic()) {
2428 checkInit(TreeInfo.diagnosticPositionFor(var, vardecl), var);
2429 }
2430 }
2431
2432 // define all the instance fields
2433 for (List<JCTree> l = tree.defs; l.nonEmpty(); l = l.tail) {
2434 if (l.head.hasTag(VARDEF)) {
2435 JCVariableDecl def = (JCVariableDecl)l.head;
2436 if ((def.mods.flags & STATIC) == 0) {
2437 VarSymbol sym = def.sym;
2438 if (trackable(sym)) {
2439 newVar(def);
2440 }
2441 }
2442 }
2443 }
2444
2445 // process all the methods
2446 for (List<JCTree> l = tree.defs; l.nonEmpty(); l = l.tail) {
2447 if (l.head.hasTag(METHODDEF)) {
2448 scan(l.head);
2449 }
2450 }
2451
2452 // process all the nested classes
2453 for (List<JCTree> l = tree.defs; l.nonEmpty(); l = l.tail) {
2454 if (l.head.hasTag(CLASSDEF)) {
2455 scan(l.head);
2456 }
2457 }
2458 } finally {
2459 pendingExits = pendingExitsPrev;
2460 nextadr = nextadrPrev;
2461 firstadr = firstadrPrev;
2462 classDef = classDefPrev;
2463 }
2464 } finally {
2465 lint = lintPrev;
2466 }
2467 }
2468
2469 public void visitMethodDef(JCMethodDecl tree) {
2470 if (tree.body == null) {
2471 return;
2472 }
2473
2474 /* MemberEnter can generate synthetic methods ignore them
2475 */
2476 if ((tree.sym.flags() & SYNTHETIC) != 0) {
2477 return;
2478 }
2479
2480 Lint lintPrev = lint;
2481 lint = lint.augment(tree.sym);
2482 try {
2483 final Bits initsPrev = new Bits(inits);
2484 final Bits uninitsPrev = new Bits(uninits);
2485 int nextadrPrev = nextadr;
2486 int firstadrPrev = firstadr;
2487 int returnadrPrev = returnadr;
2488
2489 Assert.check(pendingExits.isEmpty());
2490 boolean isConstructorPrev = isConstructor;
2491 try {
2492 isConstructor = TreeInfo.isConstructor(tree);
2493
2494 // We only track field initialization inside constructors
2495 if (!isConstructor) {
2496 firstadr = nextadr;
2497 }
2498
2499 // Mark all method parameters as DA
2500 for (List<JCVariableDecl> l = tree.params; l.nonEmpty(); l = l.tail) {
2501 JCVariableDecl def = l.head;
2502 scan(def);
2503 Assert.check((def.sym.flags() & PARAMETER) != 0, "Method parameter without PARAMETER flag");
2504 /* If we are executing the code from Gen, then there can be
2505 * synthetic or mandated variables, ignore them.
2506 */
2507 initParam(def);
2508 }
2509 // else we are in an instance initializer block;
2510 // leave caught unchanged.
2511 scan(tree.body);
2512
2513 boolean isCompactOrGeneratedRecordConstructor = (tree.sym.flags() & Flags.COMPACT_RECORD_CONSTRUCTOR) != 0 ||
2514 (tree.sym.flags() & (GENERATEDCONSTR | RECORD)) == (GENERATEDCONSTR | RECORD);
2515 if (isConstructor) {
2516 boolean isSynthesized = (tree.sym.flags() &
2517 GENERATEDCONSTR) != 0;
2518 for (int i = firstadr; i < nextadr; i++) {
2519 JCVariableDecl vardecl = vardecls[i];
2520 VarSymbol var = vardecl.sym;
2521 if (var.owner == classDef.sym && !var.isStatic()) {
2522 // choose the diagnostic position based on whether
2523 // the ctor is default(synthesized) or not
2524 if (isSynthesized && !isCompactOrGeneratedRecordConstructor) {
2525 checkInit(TreeInfo.diagnosticPositionFor(var, vardecl),
2526 var, Errors.VarNotInitializedInDefaultConstructor(var));
2527 } else if (isCompactOrGeneratedRecordConstructor) {
2528 boolean isInstanceRecordField = var.enclClass().isRecord() &&
2529 (var.flags_field & (Flags.PRIVATE | Flags.FINAL | Flags.GENERATED_MEMBER | Flags.RECORD)) != 0 &&
2530 var.owner.kind == TYP;
2531 if (isInstanceRecordField) {
2532 boolean notInitialized = !inits.isMember(var.adr);
2533 if (notInitialized && uninits.isMember(var.adr) && tree.completesNormally) {
2534 /* this way we indicate Lower that it should generate an initialization for this field
2535 * in the compact constructor
2536 */
2537 var.flags_field |= UNINITIALIZED_FIELD;
2538 } else {
2539 checkInit(TreeInfo.diagEndPos(tree.body), var);
2540 }
2541 } else {
2542 checkInit(TreeInfo.diagnosticPositionFor(var, vardecl), var);
2543 }
2544 } else {
2545 checkInit(TreeInfo.diagEndPos(tree.body), var);
2546 }
2547 }
2548 }
2549 }
2550 clearPendingExits(true);
2551 } finally {
2552 inits.assign(initsPrev);
2553 uninits.assign(uninitsPrev);
2554 nextadr = nextadrPrev;
2555 firstadr = firstadrPrev;
2556 returnadr = returnadrPrev;
2557 isConstructor = isConstructorPrev;
2558 }
2559 } finally {
2560 lint = lintPrev;
2561 }
2562 }
2563
2564 private void clearPendingExits(boolean inMethod) {
2565 List<PendingExit> exits = pendingExits.toList();
2566 pendingExits = new ListBuffer<>();
2567 while (exits.nonEmpty()) {
2568 PendingExit exit = exits.head;
2569 exits = exits.tail;
2570 Assert.check((inMethod && exit.tree.hasTag(RETURN)) ||
2571 log.hasErrorOn(exit.tree.pos()),
2572 exit.tree);
2573 if (inMethod && isConstructor) {
2574 Assert.check(exit instanceof AssignPendingExit);
2575 inits.assign(((AssignPendingExit) exit).exit_inits);
2576 for (int i = firstadr; i < nextadr; i++) {
2577 checkInit(exit.tree.pos(), vardecls[i].sym);
2578 }
2579 }
2580 }
2581 }
2582 protected void initParam(JCVariableDecl def) {
2583 inits.incl(def.sym.adr);
2584 uninits.excl(def.sym.adr);
2585 }
2586
2587 public void visitVarDef(JCVariableDecl tree) {
2588 Lint lintPrev = lint;
2589 lint = lint.augment(tree.sym);
2590 try{
2591 boolean track = trackable(tree.sym);
2592 if (track && (tree.sym.owner.kind == MTH || tree.sym.owner.kind == VAR)) {
2593 newVar(tree);
2594 }
2595 if (tree.init != null) {
2596 scanExpr(tree.init);
2597 if (track) {
2598 letInit(tree.pos(), tree.sym);
2599 }
2600 }
2601 } finally {
2602 lint = lintPrev;
2603 }
2604 }
2605
2606 public void visitBlock(JCBlock tree) {
2607 int nextadrPrev = nextadr;
2608 scan(tree.stats);
2609 nextadr = nextadrPrev;
2610 }
2611
2612 public void visitDoLoop(JCDoWhileLoop tree) {
2613 ListBuffer<PendingExit> prevPendingExits = pendingExits;
2614 FlowKind prevFlowKind = flowKind;
2615 flowKind = FlowKind.NORMAL;
2616 final Bits initsSkip = new Bits(true);
2617 final Bits uninitsSkip = new Bits(true);
2618 pendingExits = new ListBuffer<>();
2619 int prevErrors = log.nerrors;
2620 do {
2621 final Bits uninitsEntry = new Bits(uninits);
2622 uninitsEntry.excludeFrom(nextadr);
2623 scan(tree.body);
2624 resolveContinues(tree);
2625 scanCond(tree.cond);
2626 if (!flowKind.isFinal()) {
2627 initsSkip.assign(initsWhenFalse);
2628 uninitsSkip.assign(uninitsWhenFalse);
2629 }
2630 if (log.nerrors != prevErrors ||
2631 flowKind.isFinal() ||
2632 new Bits(uninitsEntry).diffSet(uninitsWhenTrue).nextBit(firstadr)==-1)
2633 break;
2634 inits.assign(initsWhenTrue);
2635 uninits.assign(uninitsEntry.andSet(uninitsWhenTrue));
2636 flowKind = FlowKind.SPECULATIVE_LOOP;
2637 } while (true);
2638 flowKind = prevFlowKind;
2639 inits.assign(initsSkip);
2640 uninits.assign(uninitsSkip);
2641 resolveBreaks(tree, prevPendingExits);
2642 }
2643
2644 public void visitWhileLoop(JCWhileLoop tree) {
2645 ListBuffer<PendingExit> prevPendingExits = pendingExits;
2646 FlowKind prevFlowKind = flowKind;
2647 flowKind = FlowKind.NORMAL;
2648 final Bits initsSkip = new Bits(true);
2649 final Bits uninitsSkip = new Bits(true);
2650 pendingExits = new ListBuffer<>();
2651 int prevErrors = log.nerrors;
2652 final Bits uninitsEntry = new Bits(uninits);
2653 uninitsEntry.excludeFrom(nextadr);
2654 do {
2655 scanCond(tree.cond);
2656 if (!flowKind.isFinal()) {
2657 initsSkip.assign(initsWhenFalse) ;
2658 uninitsSkip.assign(uninitsWhenFalse);
2659 }
2660 inits.assign(initsWhenTrue);
2661 uninits.assign(uninitsWhenTrue);
2662 scan(tree.body);
2663 resolveContinues(tree);
2664 if (log.nerrors != prevErrors ||
2665 flowKind.isFinal() ||
2666 new Bits(uninitsEntry).diffSet(uninits).nextBit(firstadr) == -1) {
2667 break;
2668 }
2669 uninits.assign(uninitsEntry.andSet(uninits));
2670 flowKind = FlowKind.SPECULATIVE_LOOP;
2671 } while (true);
2672 flowKind = prevFlowKind;
2673 //a variable is DA/DU after the while statement, if it's DA/DU assuming the
2674 //branch is not taken AND if it's DA/DU before any break statement
2675 inits.assign(initsSkip);
2676 uninits.assign(uninitsSkip);
2677 resolveBreaks(tree, prevPendingExits);
2678 }
2679
2680 public void visitForLoop(JCForLoop tree) {
2681 ListBuffer<PendingExit> prevPendingExits = pendingExits;
2682 FlowKind prevFlowKind = flowKind;
2683 flowKind = FlowKind.NORMAL;
2684 int nextadrPrev = nextadr;
2685 scan(tree.init);
2686 final Bits initsSkip = new Bits(true);
2687 final Bits uninitsSkip = new Bits(true);
2688 pendingExits = new ListBuffer<>();
2689 int prevErrors = log.nerrors;
2690 do {
2691 final Bits uninitsEntry = new Bits(uninits);
2692 uninitsEntry.excludeFrom(nextadr);
2693 if (tree.cond != null) {
2694 scanCond(tree.cond);
2695 if (!flowKind.isFinal()) {
2696 initsSkip.assign(initsWhenFalse);
2697 uninitsSkip.assign(uninitsWhenFalse);
2698 }
2699 inits.assign(initsWhenTrue);
2700 uninits.assign(uninitsWhenTrue);
2701 } else if (!flowKind.isFinal()) {
2702 initsSkip.assign(inits);
2703 initsSkip.inclRange(firstadr, nextadr);
2704 uninitsSkip.assign(uninits);
2705 uninitsSkip.inclRange(firstadr, nextadr);
2706 }
2707 scan(tree.body);
2708 resolveContinues(tree);
2709 scan(tree.step);
2710 if (log.nerrors != prevErrors ||
2711 flowKind.isFinal() ||
2712 new Bits(uninitsEntry).diffSet(uninits).nextBit(firstadr) == -1)
2713 break;
2714 uninits.assign(uninitsEntry.andSet(uninits));
2715 flowKind = FlowKind.SPECULATIVE_LOOP;
2716 } while (true);
2717 flowKind = prevFlowKind;
2718 //a variable is DA/DU after a for loop, if it's DA/DU assuming the
2719 //branch is not taken AND if it's DA/DU before any break statement
2720 inits.assign(initsSkip);
2721 uninits.assign(uninitsSkip);
2722 resolveBreaks(tree, prevPendingExits);
2723 nextadr = nextadrPrev;
2724 }
2725
2726 public void visitForeachLoop(JCEnhancedForLoop tree) {
2727 visitVarDef(tree.var);
2728
2729 ListBuffer<PendingExit> prevPendingExits = pendingExits;
2730 FlowKind prevFlowKind = flowKind;
2731 flowKind = FlowKind.NORMAL;
2732 int nextadrPrev = nextadr;
2733 scan(tree.expr);
2734 final Bits initsStart = new Bits(inits);
2735 final Bits uninitsStart = new Bits(uninits);
2736
2737 letInit(tree.pos(), tree.var.sym);
2738 pendingExits = new ListBuffer<>();
2739 int prevErrors = log.nerrors;
2740 do {
2741 final Bits uninitsEntry = new Bits(uninits);
2742 uninitsEntry.excludeFrom(nextadr);
2743 scan(tree.body);
2744 resolveContinues(tree);
2745 if (log.nerrors != prevErrors ||
2746 flowKind.isFinal() ||
2747 new Bits(uninitsEntry).diffSet(uninits).nextBit(firstadr) == -1)
2748 break;
2749 uninits.assign(uninitsEntry.andSet(uninits));
2750 flowKind = FlowKind.SPECULATIVE_LOOP;
2751 } while (true);
2752 flowKind = prevFlowKind;
2753 inits.assign(initsStart);
2754 uninits.assign(uninitsStart.andSet(uninits));
2755 resolveBreaks(tree, prevPendingExits);
2756 nextadr = nextadrPrev;
2757 }
2758
2759 public void visitLabelled(JCLabeledStatement tree) {
2760 ListBuffer<PendingExit> prevPendingExits = pendingExits;
2761 pendingExits = new ListBuffer<>();
2762 scan(tree.body);
2763 resolveBreaks(tree, prevPendingExits);
2764 }
2765
2766 public void visitSwitch(JCSwitch tree) {
2767 handleSwitch(tree, tree.selector, tree.cases, tree.isExhaustive);
2768 }
2769
2770 public void visitSwitchExpression(JCSwitchExpression tree) {
2771 handleSwitch(tree, tree.selector, tree.cases, tree.isExhaustive);
2772 }
2773
2774 private void handleSwitch(JCTree tree, JCExpression selector,
2775 List<JCCase> cases, boolean isExhaustive) {
2776 ListBuffer<PendingExit> prevPendingExits = pendingExits;
2777 pendingExits = new ListBuffer<>();
2778 int nextadrPrev = nextadr;
2779 scanExpr(selector);
2780 final Bits initsSwitch = new Bits(inits);
2781 final Bits uninitsSwitch = new Bits(uninits);
2782 for (List<JCCase> l = cases; l.nonEmpty(); l = l.tail) {
2783 inits.assign(initsSwitch);
2784 uninits.assign(uninits.andSet(uninitsSwitch));
2785 JCCase c = l.head;
2786 for (JCCaseLabel pat : c.labels) {
2787 scanPattern(pat);
2788 }
2789 scan(c.guard);
2790 if (inits.isReset()) {
2791 inits.assign(initsWhenTrue);
2792 uninits.assign(uninitsWhenTrue);
2793 }
2794 scan(c.stats);
2795 if (c.completesNormally && c.caseKind == JCCase.RULE) {
2796 scanSyntheticBreak(make, tree);
2797 }
2798 addVars(c.stats, initsSwitch, uninitsSwitch);
2799 // Warn about fall-through if lint switch fallthrough enabled.
2800 }
2801 if (!isExhaustive) {
2802 if (tree.hasTag(SWITCH_EXPRESSION)) {
2803 markDead();
2804 } else if (tree.hasTag(SWITCH) && !TreeInfo.expectedExhaustive((JCSwitch) tree)) {
2805 inits.assign(initsSwitch);
2806 uninits.assign(uninits.andSet(uninitsSwitch));
2807 }
2808 }
2809 if (tree.hasTag(SWITCH_EXPRESSION)) {
2810 resolveYields(tree, prevPendingExits);
2811 } else {
2812 resolveBreaks(tree, prevPendingExits);
2813 }
2814 nextadr = nextadrPrev;
2815 }
2816 // where
2817 /** Add any variables defined in stats to inits and uninits. */
2818 private void addVars(List<JCStatement> stats, final Bits inits,
2819 final Bits uninits) {
2820 for (;stats.nonEmpty(); stats = stats.tail) {
2821 JCTree stat = stats.head;
2822 if (stat.hasTag(VARDEF)) {
2823 int adr = ((JCVariableDecl) stat).sym.adr;
2824 inits.excl(adr);
2825 uninits.incl(adr);
2826 }
2827 }
2828 }
2829
2830 public void visitTry(JCTry tree) {
2831 ListBuffer<JCVariableDecl> resourceVarDecls = new ListBuffer<>();
2832 final Bits uninitsTryPrev = new Bits(uninitsTry);
2833 ListBuffer<PendingExit> prevPendingExits = pendingExits;
2834 pendingExits = new ListBuffer<>();
2835 final Bits initsTry = new Bits(inits);
2836 uninitsTry.assign(uninits);
2837 for (JCTree resource : tree.resources) {
2838 if (resource instanceof JCVariableDecl variableDecl) {
2839 visitVarDef(variableDecl);
2840 unrefdResources.enter(variableDecl.sym);
2841 resourceVarDecls.append(variableDecl);
2842 } else if (resource instanceof JCExpression expression) {
2843 scanExpr(expression);
2844 } else {
2845 throw new AssertionError(tree); // parser error
2846 }
2847 }
2848 scan(tree.body);
2849 uninitsTry.andSet(uninits);
2850 final Bits initsEnd = new Bits(inits);
2851 final Bits uninitsEnd = new Bits(uninits);
2852 int nextadrCatch = nextadr;
2853
2854 if (!resourceVarDecls.isEmpty() &&
2855 lint.isEnabled(Lint.LintCategory.TRY)) {
2856 for (JCVariableDecl resVar : resourceVarDecls) {
2857 if (unrefdResources.includes(resVar.sym) && !resVar.sym.isUnnamedVariable()) {
2858 log.warning(resVar.pos(),
2859 LintWarnings.TryResourceNotReferenced(resVar.sym));
2860 unrefdResources.remove(resVar.sym);
2861 }
2862 }
2863 }
2864
2865 /* The analysis of each catch should be independent.
2866 * Each one should have the same initial values of inits and
2867 * uninits.
2868 */
2869 final Bits initsCatchPrev = new Bits(initsTry);
2870 final Bits uninitsCatchPrev = new Bits(uninitsTry);
2871
2872 for (List<JCCatch> l = tree.catchers; l.nonEmpty(); l = l.tail) {
2873 JCVariableDecl param = l.head.param;
2874 inits.assign(initsCatchPrev);
2875 uninits.assign(uninitsCatchPrev);
2876 scan(param);
2877 /* If this is a TWR and we are executing the code from Gen,
2878 * then there can be synthetic variables, ignore them.
2879 */
2880 initParam(param);
2881 scan(l.head.body);
2882 initsEnd.andSet(inits);
2883 uninitsEnd.andSet(uninits);
2884 nextadr = nextadrCatch;
2885 }
2886 if (tree.finalizer != null) {
2887 inits.assign(initsTry);
2888 uninits.assign(uninitsTry);
2889 ListBuffer<PendingExit> exits = pendingExits;
2890 pendingExits = prevPendingExits;
2891 scan(tree.finalizer);
2892 if (!tree.finallyCanCompleteNormally) {
2893 // discard exits and exceptions from try and finally
2894 } else {
2895 uninits.andSet(uninitsEnd);
2896 // FIX: this doesn't preserve source order of exits in catch
2897 // versus finally!
2898 while (exits.nonEmpty()) {
2899 PendingExit exit = exits.next();
2900 if (exit instanceof AssignPendingExit assignPendingExit) {
2901 assignPendingExit.exit_inits.orSet(inits);
2902 assignPendingExit.exit_uninits.andSet(uninits);
2903 }
2904 pendingExits.append(exit);
2905 }
2906 inits.orSet(initsEnd);
2907 }
2908 } else {
2909 inits.assign(initsEnd);
2910 uninits.assign(uninitsEnd);
2911 ListBuffer<PendingExit> exits = pendingExits;
2912 pendingExits = prevPendingExits;
2913 while (exits.nonEmpty()) pendingExits.append(exits.next());
2914 }
2915 uninitsTry.andSet(uninitsTryPrev).andSet(uninits);
2916 }
2917
2918 public void visitConditional(JCConditional tree) {
2919 scanCond(tree.cond);
2920 final Bits initsBeforeElse = new Bits(initsWhenFalse);
2921 final Bits uninitsBeforeElse = new Bits(uninitsWhenFalse);
2922 inits.assign(initsWhenTrue);
2923 uninits.assign(uninitsWhenTrue);
2924 if (tree.truepart.type.hasTag(BOOLEAN) &&
2925 tree.falsepart.type.hasTag(BOOLEAN)) {
2926 // if b and c are boolean valued, then
2927 // v is (un)assigned after a?b:c when true iff
2928 // v is (un)assigned after b when true and
2929 // v is (un)assigned after c when true
2930 scanCond(tree.truepart);
2931 final Bits initsAfterThenWhenTrue = new Bits(initsWhenTrue);
2932 final Bits initsAfterThenWhenFalse = new Bits(initsWhenFalse);
2933 final Bits uninitsAfterThenWhenTrue = new Bits(uninitsWhenTrue);
2934 final Bits uninitsAfterThenWhenFalse = new Bits(uninitsWhenFalse);
2935 inits.assign(initsBeforeElse);
2936 uninits.assign(uninitsBeforeElse);
2937 scanCond(tree.falsepart);
2938 initsWhenTrue.andSet(initsAfterThenWhenTrue);
2939 initsWhenFalse.andSet(initsAfterThenWhenFalse);
2940 uninitsWhenTrue.andSet(uninitsAfterThenWhenTrue);
2941 uninitsWhenFalse.andSet(uninitsAfterThenWhenFalse);
2942 } else {
2943 scanExpr(tree.truepart);
2944 final Bits initsAfterThen = new Bits(inits);
2945 final Bits uninitsAfterThen = new Bits(uninits);
2946 inits.assign(initsBeforeElse);
2947 uninits.assign(uninitsBeforeElse);
2948 scanExpr(tree.falsepart);
2949 inits.andSet(initsAfterThen);
2950 uninits.andSet(uninitsAfterThen);
2951 }
2952 }
2953
2954 public void visitIf(JCIf tree) {
2955 scanCond(tree.cond);
2956 final Bits initsBeforeElse = new Bits(initsWhenFalse);
2957 final Bits uninitsBeforeElse = new Bits(uninitsWhenFalse);
2958 inits.assign(initsWhenTrue);
2959 uninits.assign(uninitsWhenTrue);
2960 scan(tree.thenpart);
2961 if (tree.elsepart != null) {
2962 final Bits initsAfterThen = new Bits(inits);
2963 final Bits uninitsAfterThen = new Bits(uninits);
2964 inits.assign(initsBeforeElse);
2965 uninits.assign(uninitsBeforeElse);
2966 scan(tree.elsepart);
2967 inits.andSet(initsAfterThen);
2968 uninits.andSet(uninitsAfterThen);
2969 } else {
2970 inits.andSet(initsBeforeElse);
2971 uninits.andSet(uninitsBeforeElse);
2972 }
2973 }
2974
2975 @Override
2976 public void visitBreak(JCBreak tree) {
2977 recordExit(new AssignPendingExit(tree, inits, uninits));
2978 }
2979
2980 @Override
2981 public void visitYield(JCYield tree) {
2982 JCSwitchExpression expr = (JCSwitchExpression) tree.target;
2983 if (expr != null && expr.type.hasTag(BOOLEAN)) {
2984 scanCond(tree.value);
2985 Bits initsAfterBreakWhenTrue = new Bits(initsWhenTrue);
2986 Bits initsAfterBreakWhenFalse = new Bits(initsWhenFalse);
2987 Bits uninitsAfterBreakWhenTrue = new Bits(uninitsWhenTrue);
2988 Bits uninitsAfterBreakWhenFalse = new Bits(uninitsWhenFalse);
2989 PendingExit exit = new PendingExit(tree) {
2990 @Override
2991 void resolveJump() {
2992 if (!inits.isReset()) {
2993 split(true);
2994 }
2995 initsWhenTrue.andSet(initsAfterBreakWhenTrue);
2996 initsWhenFalse.andSet(initsAfterBreakWhenFalse);
2997 uninitsWhenTrue.andSet(uninitsAfterBreakWhenTrue);
2998 uninitsWhenFalse.andSet(uninitsAfterBreakWhenFalse);
2999 }
3000 };
3001 merge();
3002 recordExit(exit);
3003 return ;
3004 } else {
3005 scanExpr(tree.value);
3006 recordExit(new AssignPendingExit(tree, inits, uninits));
3007 }
3008 }
3009
3010 @Override
3011 public void visitContinue(JCContinue tree) {
3012 recordExit(new AssignPendingExit(tree, inits, uninits));
3013 }
3014
3015 @Override
3016 public void visitReturn(JCReturn tree) {
3017 scanExpr(tree.expr);
3018 recordExit(new AssignPendingExit(tree, inits, uninits));
3019 }
3020
3021 public void visitThrow(JCThrow tree) {
3022 scanExpr(tree.expr);
3023 markDead();
3024 }
3025
3026 public void visitApply(JCMethodInvocation tree) {
3027 scanExpr(tree.meth);
3028 scanExprs(tree.args);
3029
3030 // Handle superclass constructor invocations
3031 if (isConstructor) {
3032
3033 // If super(): at this point all initialization blocks will execute
3034 Name name = TreeInfo.name(tree.meth);
3035 if (name == names._super) {
3036 forEachInitializer(classDef, false, def -> {
3037 scan(def);
3038 clearPendingExits(false);
3039 });
3040 }
3041
3042 // If this(): at this point all final uninitialized fields will get initialized
3043 else if (name == names._this) {
3044 for (int address = firstadr; address < nextadr; address++) {
3045 VarSymbol sym = vardecls[address].sym;
3046 if (isFinalUninitializedField(sym) && !sym.isStatic())
3047 letInit(tree.pos(), sym);
3048 }
3049 }
3050 }
3051 }
3052
3053 public void visitNewClass(JCNewClass tree) {
3054 scanExpr(tree.encl);
3055 scanExprs(tree.args);
3056 scan(tree.def);
3057 }
3058
3059 @Override
3060 public void visitLambda(JCLambda tree) {
3061 final Bits prevUninits = new Bits(uninits);
3062 final Bits prevUninitsTry = new Bits(uninitsTry);
3063 final Bits prevInits = new Bits(inits);
3064 int returnadrPrev = returnadr;
3065 int nextadrPrev = nextadr;
3066 ListBuffer<PendingExit> prevPending = pendingExits;
3067 try {
3068 // JLS 16.1.10: No rule allows V to be definitely unassigned before a lambda
3069 // body. This is by design: a variable that was definitely unassigned before the
3070 // lambda body may end up being assigned to later on, so we cannot conclude that
3071 // the variable will be unassigned when the body is executed.
3072 uninits.excludeFrom(firstadr);
3073 returnadr = nextadr;
3074 pendingExits = new ListBuffer<>();
3075 for (List<JCVariableDecl> l = tree.params; l.nonEmpty(); l = l.tail) {
3076 JCVariableDecl def = l.head;
3077 scan(def);
3078 inits.incl(def.sym.adr);
3079 uninits.excl(def.sym.adr);
3080 }
3081 if (tree.getBodyKind() == JCLambda.BodyKind.EXPRESSION) {
3082 scanExpr(tree.body);
3083 } else {
3084 scan(tree.body);
3085 }
3086 }
3087 finally {
3088 returnadr = returnadrPrev;
3089 uninits.assign(prevUninits);
3090 uninitsTry.assign(prevUninitsTry);
3091 inits.assign(prevInits);
3092 pendingExits = prevPending;
3093 nextadr = nextadrPrev;
3094 }
3095 }
3096
3097 public void visitNewArray(JCNewArray tree) {
3098 scanExprs(tree.dims);
3099 scanExprs(tree.elems);
3100 }
3101
3102 public void visitAssert(JCAssert tree) {
3103 final Bits initsExit = new Bits(inits);
3104 final Bits uninitsExit = new Bits(uninits);
3105 scanCond(tree.cond);
3106 uninitsExit.andSet(uninitsWhenTrue);
3107 if (tree.detail != null) {
3108 inits.assign(initsWhenFalse);
3109 uninits.assign(uninitsWhenFalse);
3110 scanExpr(tree.detail);
3111 }
3112 inits.assign(initsExit);
3113 uninits.assign(uninitsExit);
3114 }
3115
3116 public void visitAssign(JCAssign tree) {
3117 if (!TreeInfo.isIdentOrThisDotIdent(tree.lhs))
3118 scanExpr(tree.lhs);
3119 scanExpr(tree.rhs);
3120 letInit(tree.lhs);
3121 }
3122
3123 // check fields accessed through this.<field> are definitely
3124 // assigned before reading their value
3125 public void visitSelect(JCFieldAccess tree) {
3126 super.visitSelect(tree);
3127 if (TreeInfo.isThisQualifier(tree.selected) &&
3128 tree.sym.kind == VAR) {
3129 checkInit(tree.pos(), (VarSymbol)tree.sym);
3130 }
3131 }
3132
3133 public void visitAssignop(JCAssignOp tree) {
3134 scanExpr(tree.lhs);
3135 scanExpr(tree.rhs);
3136 letInit(tree.lhs);
3137 }
3138
3139 public void visitUnary(JCUnary tree) {
3140 switch (tree.getTag()) {
3141 case NOT:
3142 scanCond(tree.arg);
3143 final Bits t = new Bits(initsWhenFalse);
3144 initsWhenFalse.assign(initsWhenTrue);
3145 initsWhenTrue.assign(t);
3146 t.assign(uninitsWhenFalse);
3147 uninitsWhenFalse.assign(uninitsWhenTrue);
3148 uninitsWhenTrue.assign(t);
3149 break;
3150 case PREINC: case POSTINC:
3151 case PREDEC: case POSTDEC:
3152 scanExpr(tree.arg);
3153 letInit(tree.arg);
3154 break;
3155 default:
3156 scanExpr(tree.arg);
3157 }
3158 }
3159
3160 public void visitBinary(JCBinary tree) {
3161 switch (tree.getTag()) {
3162 case AND:
3163 scanCond(tree.lhs);
3164 final Bits initsWhenFalseLeft = new Bits(initsWhenFalse);
3165 final Bits uninitsWhenFalseLeft = new Bits(uninitsWhenFalse);
3166 inits.assign(initsWhenTrue);
3167 uninits.assign(uninitsWhenTrue);
3168 scanCond(tree.rhs);
3169 initsWhenFalse.andSet(initsWhenFalseLeft);
3170 uninitsWhenFalse.andSet(uninitsWhenFalseLeft);
3171 break;
3172 case OR:
3173 scanCond(tree.lhs);
3174 final Bits initsWhenTrueLeft = new Bits(initsWhenTrue);
3175 final Bits uninitsWhenTrueLeft = new Bits(uninitsWhenTrue);
3176 inits.assign(initsWhenFalse);
3177 uninits.assign(uninitsWhenFalse);
3178 scanCond(tree.rhs);
3179 initsWhenTrue.andSet(initsWhenTrueLeft);
3180 uninitsWhenTrue.andSet(uninitsWhenTrueLeft);
3181 break;
3182 default:
3183 scanExpr(tree.lhs);
3184 scanExpr(tree.rhs);
3185 }
3186 }
3187
3188 public void visitIdent(JCIdent tree) {
3189 if (tree.sym.kind == VAR) {
3190 checkInit(tree.pos(), (VarSymbol)tree.sym);
3191 referenced(tree.sym);
3192 }
3193 }
3194
3195 @Override
3196 public void visitTypeTest(JCInstanceOf tree) {
3197 scanExpr(tree.expr);
3198 scan(tree.pattern);
3199 }
3200
3201 @Override
3202 public void visitBindingPattern(JCBindingPattern tree) {
3203 scan(tree.var);
3204 initParam(tree.var);
3205 }
3206
3207 void referenced(Symbol sym) {
3208 unrefdResources.remove(sym);
3209 }
3210
3211 public void visitAnnotatedType(JCAnnotatedType tree) {
3212 // annotations don't get scanned
3213 tree.underlyingType.accept(this);
3214 }
3215
3216 public void visitModuleDef(JCModuleDecl tree) {
3217 // Do nothing for modules
3218 }
3219
3220 /* ************************************************************************
3221 * main method
3222 *************************************************************************/
3223
3224 /** Perform definite assignment/unassignment analysis on a tree.
3225 */
3226 public void analyzeTree(Env<?> env, TreeMaker make) {
3227 analyzeTree(env, env.tree, make);
3228 }
3229
3230 public void analyzeTree(Env<?> env, JCTree tree, TreeMaker make) {
3231 try {
3232 startPos = tree.pos().getStartPosition();
3233
3234 if (vardecls == null)
3235 vardecls = new JCVariableDecl[32];
3236 else
3237 for (int i=0; i<vardecls.length; i++)
3238 vardecls[i] = null;
3239 firstadr = 0;
3240 nextadr = 0;
3241 Flow.this.make = make;
3242 pendingExits = new ListBuffer<>();
3243 this.classDef = null;
3244 unrefdResources = WriteableScope.create(env.enclClass.sym);
3245 scan(tree);
3246 } finally {
3247 // note that recursive invocations of this method fail hard
3248 startPos = -1;
3249 resetBits(inits, uninits, uninitsTry, initsWhenTrue,
3250 initsWhenFalse, uninitsWhenTrue, uninitsWhenFalse);
3251 if (vardecls != null) {
3252 for (int i=0; i<vardecls.length; i++)
3253 vardecls[i] = null;
3254 }
3255 firstadr = 0;
3256 nextadr = 0;
3257 Flow.this.make = null;
3258 pendingExits = null;
3259 this.classDef = null;
3260 unrefdResources = null;
3261 }
3262 }
3263 }
3264
3265 /**
3266 * This pass implements the last step of the dataflow analysis, namely
3267 * the effectively-final analysis check. This checks that every local variable
3268 * reference from a lambda body/local inner class is either final or effectively final.
3269 * Additional this also checks that every variable that is used as an operand to
3270 * try-with-resources is final or effectively final.
3271 * As effectively final variables are marked as such during DA/DU, this pass must run after
3272 * AssignAnalyzer.
3273 */
3274 class CaptureAnalyzer extends BaseAnalyzer {
3275
3276 JCTree currentTree; //local class or lambda
3277 WriteableScope declaredInsideGuard;
3278
3279 @Override
3280 void markDead() {
3281 //do nothing
3282 }
3283
3284 void checkEffectivelyFinal(DiagnosticPosition pos, VarSymbol sym) {
3285 if (currentTree != null &&
3286 sym.owner.kind == MTH &&
3287 sym.pos < getCurrentTreeStartPosition()) {
3288 switch (currentTree.getTag()) {
3289 case CLASSDEF:
3290 case CASE:
3291 case LAMBDA:
3292 if ((sym.flags() & (EFFECTIVELY_FINAL | FINAL)) == 0) {
3293 reportEffectivelyFinalError(pos, sym);
3294 }
3295 }
3296 }
3297 }
3298
3299 int getCurrentTreeStartPosition() {
3300 return currentTree instanceof JCCase cse ? cse.guard.getStartPosition()
3301 : currentTree.getStartPosition();
3302 }
3303
3304 void letInit(JCTree tree) {
3305 tree = TreeInfo.skipParens(tree);
3306 if (tree.hasTag(IDENT) || tree.hasTag(SELECT)) {
3307 Symbol sym = TreeInfo.symbol(tree);
3308 if (currentTree != null) {
3309 switch (currentTree.getTag()) {
3310 case CLASSDEF, LAMBDA -> {
3311 if (sym.kind == VAR &&
3312 sym.owner.kind == MTH &&
3313 ((VarSymbol)sym).pos < currentTree.getStartPosition()) {
3314 reportEffectivelyFinalError(tree, sym);
3315 }
3316 }
3317 case CASE -> {
3318 if (!declaredInsideGuard.includes(sym)) {
3319 log.error(tree.pos(), Errors.CannotAssignNotDeclaredGuard(sym));
3320 }
3321 }
3322 }
3323 }
3324 }
3325 }
3326
3327 void reportEffectivelyFinalError(DiagnosticPosition pos, Symbol sym) {
3328 Fragment subKey = switch (currentTree.getTag()) {
3329 case LAMBDA -> Fragments.Lambda;
3330 case CASE -> Fragments.Guard;
3331 case CLASSDEF -> Fragments.InnerCls;
3332 default -> throw new AssertionError("Unexpected tree kind: " + currentTree.getTag());
3333 };
3334 log.error(pos, Errors.CantRefNonEffectivelyFinalVar(sym, diags.fragment(subKey)));
3335 }
3336
3337 /* ***********************************************************************
3338 * Visitor methods for statements and definitions
3339 *************************************************************************/
3340
3341 /* ------------ Visitor methods for various sorts of trees -------------*/
3342
3343 public void visitClassDef(JCClassDecl tree) {
3344 JCTree prevTree = currentTree;
3345 try {
3346 currentTree = tree.sym.isDirectlyOrIndirectlyLocal() ? tree : null;
3347 super.visitClassDef(tree);
3348 } finally {
3349 currentTree = prevTree;
3350 }
3351 }
3352
3353 @Override
3354 public void visitLambda(JCLambda tree) {
3355 JCTree prevTree = currentTree;
3356 try {
3357 currentTree = tree;
3358 super.visitLambda(tree);
3359 } finally {
3360 currentTree = prevTree;
3361 }
3362 }
3363
3364 @Override
3365 public void visitBindingPattern(JCBindingPattern tree) {
3366 scan(tree.var);
3367 }
3368
3369 @Override
3370 public void visitCase(JCCase tree) {
3371 scan(tree.labels);
3372 if (tree.guard != null) {
3373 JCTree prevTree = currentTree;
3374 WriteableScope prevDeclaredInsideGuard = declaredInsideGuard;
3375 try {
3376 currentTree = tree;
3377 declaredInsideGuard = WriteableScope.create(attrEnv.enclClass.sym);
3378 scan(tree.guard);
3379 } finally {
3380 currentTree = prevTree;
3381 declaredInsideGuard = prevDeclaredInsideGuard;
3382 }
3383 }
3384 scan(tree.stats);
3385 }
3386
3387 @Override
3388 public void visitRecordPattern(JCRecordPattern tree) {
3389 scan(tree.deconstructor);
3390 scan(tree.nested);
3391 }
3392
3393 @Override
3394 public void visitIdent(JCIdent tree) {
3395 if (tree.sym.kind == VAR) {
3396 checkEffectivelyFinal(tree, (VarSymbol)tree.sym);
3397 }
3398 }
3399
3400 public void visitAssign(JCAssign tree) {
3401 JCTree lhs = TreeInfo.skipParens(tree.lhs);
3402 if (!(lhs instanceof JCIdent)) {
3403 scan(lhs);
3404 }
3405 scan(tree.rhs);
3406 letInit(lhs);
3407 }
3408
3409 public void visitAssignop(JCAssignOp tree) {
3410 scan(tree.lhs);
3411 scan(tree.rhs);
3412 letInit(tree.lhs);
3413 }
3414
3415 public void visitUnary(JCUnary tree) {
3416 switch (tree.getTag()) {
3417 case PREINC: case POSTINC:
3418 case PREDEC: case POSTDEC:
3419 scan(tree.arg);
3420 letInit(tree.arg);
3421 break;
3422 default:
3423 scan(tree.arg);
3424 }
3425 }
3426
3427 public void visitTry(JCTry tree) {
3428 for (JCTree resource : tree.resources) {
3429 if (!resource.hasTag(VARDEF)) {
3430 Symbol var = TreeInfo.symbol(resource);
3431 if (var != null && (var.flags() & (FINAL | EFFECTIVELY_FINAL)) == 0) {
3432 log.error(resource.pos(), Errors.TryWithResourcesExprEffectivelyFinalVar(var));
3433 }
3434 }
3435 }
3436 super.visitTry(tree);
3437 }
3438
3439 @Override
3440 public void visitVarDef(JCVariableDecl tree) {
3441 if (declaredInsideGuard != null) {
3442 declaredInsideGuard.enter(tree.sym);
3443 }
3444 super.visitVarDef(tree);
3445 }
3446
3447 @Override
3448 public void visitYield(JCYield tree) {
3449 scan(tree.value);
3450 }
3451
3452 public void visitModuleDef(JCModuleDecl tree) {
3453 // Do nothing for modules
3454 }
3455
3456 /* ************************************************************************
3457 * main method
3458 *************************************************************************/
3459
3460 /** Perform definite assignment/unassignment analysis on a tree.
3461 */
3462 public void analyzeTree(Env<AttrContext> env, TreeMaker make) {
3463 analyzeTree(env, env.tree, make);
3464 }
3465 public void analyzeTree(Env<AttrContext> env, JCTree tree, TreeMaker make) {
3466 try {
3467 attrEnv = env;
3468 Flow.this.make = make;
3469 pendingExits = new ListBuffer<>();
3470 scan(tree);
3471 } finally {
3472 pendingExits = null;
3473 Flow.this.make = null;
3474 }
3475 }
3476 }
3477
3478 enum Liveness {
3479 ALIVE {
3480 @Override
3481 public Liveness or(Liveness other) {
3482 return this;
3483 }
3484 @Override
3485 public Liveness and(Liveness other) {
3486 return other;
3487 }
3488 },
3489 DEAD {
3490 @Override
3491 public Liveness or(Liveness other) {
3492 return other;
3493 }
3494 @Override
3495 public Liveness and(Liveness other) {
3496 return this;
3497 }
3498 },
3499 RECOVERY {
3500 @Override
3501 public Liveness or(Liveness other) {
3502 if (other == ALIVE) {
3503 return ALIVE;
3504 } else {
3505 return this;
3506 }
3507 }
3508 @Override
3509 public Liveness and(Liveness other) {
3510 if (other == DEAD) {
3511 return DEAD;
3512 } else {
3513 return this;
3514 }
3515 }
3516 };
3517
3518 public abstract Liveness or(Liveness other);
3519 public abstract Liveness and(Liveness other);
3520 public Liveness or(boolean value) {
3521 return or(from(value));
3522 }
3523 public Liveness and(boolean value) {
3524 return and(from(value));
3525 }
3526 public static Liveness from(boolean value) {
3527 return value ? ALIVE : DEAD;
3528 }
3529 }
3530
3531 sealed interface PatternDescription { }
3532 public PatternDescription makePatternDescription(Type selectorType, JCPattern pattern) {
3533 if (pattern instanceof JCBindingPattern binding) {
3534 Type type = !selectorType.isPrimitive() && types.isSubtype(selectorType, binding.type)
3535 ? selectorType : binding.type;
3536 return new BindingPattern(type);
3537 } else if (pattern instanceof JCRecordPattern record) {
3538 Type[] componentTypes;
3539
3540 if (!record.type.isErroneous()) {
3541 componentTypes = ((ClassSymbol) record.type.tsym).getRecordComponents()
3542 .map(r -> types.memberType(record.type, r))
3543 .toArray(s -> new Type[s]);
3544 }
3545 else {
3546 componentTypes = record.nested.map(t -> types.createErrorType(t.type)).toArray(s -> new Type[s]);;
3547 }
3548
3549 PatternDescription[] nestedDescriptions =
3550 new PatternDescription[record.nested.size()];
3551 int i = 0;
3552 for (List<JCPattern> it = record.nested;
3553 it.nonEmpty();
3554 it = it.tail, i++) {
3555 Type componentType = i < componentTypes.length ? componentTypes[i]
3556 : syms.errType;
3557 nestedDescriptions[i] = makePatternDescription(types.erasure(componentType), it.head);
3558 }
3559 return new RecordPattern(record.type, componentTypes, nestedDescriptions);
3560 } else if (pattern instanceof JCAnyPattern) {
3561 return new BindingPattern(selectorType);
3562 } else {
3563 throw Assert.error();
3564 }
3565 }
3566 record BindingPattern(Type type) implements PatternDescription {
3567 @Override
3568 public int hashCode() {
3569 return type.tsym.hashCode();
3570 }
3571 @Override
3572 public boolean equals(Object o) {
3573 return o instanceof BindingPattern other &&
3574 type.tsym == other.type.tsym;
3575 }
3576 @Override
3577 public String toString() {
3578 return type.tsym + " _";
3579 }
3580 }
3581 record RecordPattern(Type recordType, int _hashCode, Type[] fullComponentTypes, PatternDescription... nested) implements PatternDescription {
3582
3583 public RecordPattern(Type recordType, Type[] fullComponentTypes, PatternDescription[] nested) {
3584 this(recordType, hashCode(-1, recordType, nested), fullComponentTypes, nested);
3585 }
3586
3587 @Override
3588 public int hashCode() {
3589 return _hashCode;
3590 }
3591
3592 @Override
3593 public boolean equals(Object o) {
3594 return o instanceof RecordPattern other &&
3595 recordType.tsym == other.recordType.tsym &&
3596 Arrays.equals(nested, other.nested);
3597 }
3598
3599 public int hashCode(int excludeComponent) {
3600 return hashCode(excludeComponent, recordType, nested);
3601 }
3602
3603 public static int hashCode(int excludeComponent, Type recordType, PatternDescription... nested) {
3604 int hash = 5;
3605 hash = 41 * hash + recordType.tsym.hashCode();
3606 for (int i = 0; i < nested.length; i++) {
3607 if (i != excludeComponent) {
3608 hash = 41 * hash + nested[i].hashCode();
3609 }
3610 }
3611 return hash;
3612 }
3613 @Override
3614 public String toString() {
3615 return recordType.tsym + "(" + Arrays.stream(nested)
3616 .map(pd -> pd.toString())
3617 .collect(Collectors.joining(", ")) + ")";
3618 }
3619 }
3620 }