1 /*
2 * Copyright (c) 2019, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
3 * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
4 *
5 * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
6 * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
7 * published by the Free Software Foundation.
8 *
9 * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
10 * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
11 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License
12 * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
13 * accompanied this code).
14 *
15 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
16 * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
17 * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
18 *
19 * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
20 * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
21 * questions.
22 */
23
24 /*
25 * @test
26 * @library /test/lib
27 *
28 * @run main/othervm/native -Xbatch -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,*::test* -Xint -DTHROW=false -Xcheck:jni ClassInitBarrier
29 * @run main/othervm/native -Xbatch -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,*::test* -Xint -DTHROW=true -Xcheck:jni ClassInitBarrier
30 *
31 * @run main/othervm/native -Xbatch -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,*::test* -XX:TieredStopAtLevel=1 -DTHROW=false -Xcheck:jni ClassInitBarrier
32 * @run main/othervm/native -Xbatch -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,*::test* -XX:TieredStopAtLevel=1 -DTHROW=true -Xcheck:jni ClassInitBarrier
33 *
34 * @run main/othervm/native -Xbatch -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,*::test* -XX:-TieredCompilation -DTHROW=false -Xcheck:jni ClassInitBarrier
35 * @run main/othervm/native -Xbatch -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,*::test* -XX:-TieredCompilation -DTHROW=true -Xcheck:jni ClassInitBarrier
36 *
37 * @run main/othervm/native -Xbatch -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,*::test* -XX:TieredStopAtLevel=1 -DTHROW=false -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,*::static* -Xcheck:jni ClassInitBarrier
38 * @run main/othervm/native -Xbatch -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,*::test* -XX:TieredStopAtLevel=1 -DTHROW=true -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,*::static* -Xcheck:jni ClassInitBarrier
39 * @run main/othervm/native -Xbatch -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,*::test* -XX:-TieredCompilation -DTHROW=false -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,*::static* -Xcheck:jni ClassInitBarrier
40 * @run main/othervm/native -Xbatch -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,*::test* -XX:-TieredCompilation -DTHROW=true -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,*::static* -Xcheck:jni ClassInitBarrier
41 *
42 * @run main/othervm/native -Xbatch -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,*::test* -XX:TieredStopAtLevel=1 -DTHROW=false -XX:CompileCommand=exclude,*::static* -Xcheck:jni ClassInitBarrier
43 * @run main/othervm/native -Xbatch -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,*::test* -XX:TieredStopAtLevel=1 -DTHROW=true -XX:CompileCommand=exclude,*::static* -Xcheck:jni ClassInitBarrier
44 * @run main/othervm/native -Xbatch -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,*::test* -XX:-TieredCompilation -DTHROW=false -XX:CompileCommand=exclude,*::static* -Xcheck:jni ClassInitBarrier
45 * @run main/othervm/native -Xbatch -XX:CompileCommand=dontinline,*::test* -XX:-TieredCompilation -DTHROW=true -XX:CompileCommand=exclude,*::static* -Xcheck:jni ClassInitBarrier
46 */
47
48 import jdk.test.lib.Asserts;
49
50 import java.util.*;
51 import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicBoolean;
52 import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicInteger;
53 import java.util.function.Consumer;
54
55 public class ClassInitBarrier {
56 static {
57 System.loadLibrary("ClassInitBarrier");
58
59 if (!init()) {
60 throw new Error("init failed");
61 }
62 }
63
64 static native boolean init();
65
66 static final boolean THROW = Boolean.getBoolean("THROW");
67
68 static class Test {
69 static class A {
70 static {
71 if (!init(B.class)) {
72 throw new Error("init failed");
73 }
74
75 changePhase(Phase.IN_PROGRESS);
76 runTests(); // interpreted mode
77 warmup(); // trigger compilation
78 runTests(); // compiled mode
79
80 ensureBlocked(); // ensure still blocked
81 maybeThrow(); // fail initialization if needed
82
83 changePhase(Phase.FINISHED);
84 }
85
86 static void staticM(Runnable action) { action.run(); }
87 static synchronized void staticS(Runnable action) { action.run(); }
88 static native void staticN(Runnable action);
89
90 static int staticF;
91
92 int f;
93 void m() {}
94
95 static native boolean init(Class<B> cls);
96 }
97
98 static class B extends A {}
99
100 static void testInvokeStatic(Runnable action) { A.staticM(action); }
101 static void testInvokeStaticSync(Runnable action) { A.staticS(action); }
102 static void testInvokeStaticNative(Runnable action) { A.staticN(action); }
103
104 static int testGetStatic(Runnable action) { int v = A.staticF; action.run(); return v; }
105 static void testPutStatic(Runnable action) { A.staticF = 1; action.run(); }
106 static A testNewInstanceA(Runnable action) { A obj = new A(); action.run(); return obj; }
107 static B testNewInstanceB(Runnable action) { B obj = new B(); action.run(); return obj; }
108
109 static int testGetField(A recv, Runnable action) { int v = recv.f; action.run(); return v; }
110 static void testPutField(A recv, Runnable action) { recv.f = 1; action.run(); }
111 static void testInvokeVirtual(A recv, Runnable action) { recv.m(); action.run(); }
112
113 static native void testInvokeStaticJNI(Runnable action);
114 static native void testInvokeStaticSyncJNI(Runnable action);
115 static native void testInvokeStaticNativeJNI(Runnable action);
116
117 static native int testGetStaticJNI(Runnable action);
118 static native void testPutStaticJNI(Runnable action);
119 static native A testNewInstanceAJNI(Runnable action);
120 static native B testNewInstanceBJNI(Runnable action);
121
122 static native int testGetFieldJNI(A recv, Runnable action);
123 static native void testPutFieldJNI(A recv, Runnable action);
124 static native void testInvokeVirtualJNI(A recv, Runnable action);
125
126 static void runTests() {
127 checkBlockingAction(Test::testInvokeStatic); // invokestatic
128 checkBlockingAction(Test::testInvokeStaticSync); // invokestatic
129 checkBlockingAction(Test::testInvokeStaticNative); // invokestatic
130 checkBlockingAction(Test::testGetStatic); // getstatic
131 checkBlockingAction(Test::testPutStatic); // putstatic
132 checkBlockingAction(Test::testNewInstanceA); // new
133
134 checkNonBlockingAction(Test::testInvokeStaticJNI); // invokestatic
135 checkNonBlockingAction(Test::testInvokeStaticSyncJNI); // invokestatic
136 checkNonBlockingAction(Test::testInvokeStaticNativeJNI); // invokestatic
137 checkNonBlockingAction(Test::testGetStaticJNI); // getstatic
138 checkNonBlockingAction(Test::testPutStaticJNI); // putstatic
139 checkBlockingAction(Test::testNewInstanceAJNI); // new
140
141 A recv = testNewInstanceB(NON_BLOCKING.get()); // trigger B initialization
142 checkNonBlockingAction(Test::testNewInstanceB); // new: NO BLOCKING: same thread: A being initialized, B fully initialized
143
144 checkNonBlockingAction(recv, Test::testGetField); // getfield
145 checkNonBlockingAction(recv, Test::testPutField); // putfield
146 checkNonBlockingAction(recv, Test::testInvokeVirtual); // invokevirtual
147
148 checkNonBlockingAction(Test::testNewInstanceBJNI); // new: NO BLOCKING: same thread: A being initialized, B fully initialized
149 checkNonBlockingAction(recv, Test::testGetFieldJNI); // getfield
150 checkNonBlockingAction(recv, Test::testPutFieldJNI); // putfield
151 checkNonBlockingAction(recv, Test::testInvokeVirtualJNI); // invokevirtual
152 }
153
154 static void warmup() {
155 for (int i = 0; i < 20_000; i++) {
156 testInvokeStatic( NON_BLOCKING_WARMUP);
157 testInvokeStaticNative(NON_BLOCKING_WARMUP);
158 testInvokeStaticSync( NON_BLOCKING_WARMUP);
159 testGetStatic( NON_BLOCKING_WARMUP);
160 testPutStatic( NON_BLOCKING_WARMUP);
161 testNewInstanceA( NON_BLOCKING_WARMUP);
162 testNewInstanceB( NON_BLOCKING_WARMUP);
163
164 testGetField(new B(), NON_BLOCKING_WARMUP);
165 testPutField(new B(), NON_BLOCKING_WARMUP);
166 testInvokeVirtual(new B(), NON_BLOCKING_WARMUP);
167 }
168 }
169
170 static void run() {
171 execute(ExceptionInInitializerError.class, () -> triggerInitialization(A.class));
172 ensureFinished();
173 runTests(); // after initialization is over
174 }
175 }
176
177 // ============================================================================================================== //
178
179 static void execute(Class<? extends Throwable> expectedExceptionClass, Runnable action) {
180 try {
181 action.run();
182 if (THROW) throw failure("no exception thrown");
183 } catch (Throwable e) {
184 if (THROW) {
185 if (e.getClass() == expectedExceptionClass) {
186 // expected
187 } else {
188 String msg = String.format("unexpected exception thrown: expected %s, caught %s",
189 expectedExceptionClass.getName(), e);
190 throw failure(msg, e);
191 }
192 } else {
193 throw failure("no exception expected", e);
194 }
195 }
196 }
197
198 private static AssertionError failure(String msg) {
199 return new AssertionError(phase + ": " + msg);
200 }
201
202 private static AssertionError failure(String msg, Throwable e) {
203 return new AssertionError(phase + ": " + msg, e);
204 }
205
206 static final List<Thread> BLOCKED_THREADS = Collections.synchronizedList(new ArrayList<>());
207 static final Consumer<Thread> ON_BLOCK = BLOCKED_THREADS::add;
208
209 static final Map<Thread,Throwable> FAILED_THREADS = Collections.synchronizedMap(new HashMap<>());
210 static final Thread.UncaughtExceptionHandler ON_FAILURE = FAILED_THREADS::put;
211
212 private static void ensureBlocked() {
213 for (Thread thr : BLOCKED_THREADS) {
214 try {
215 thr.join(100);
216 if (!thr.isAlive()) {
217 dump(thr);
218 throw new AssertionError("not blocked");
219 }
220 } catch (InterruptedException e) {
221 throw new Error(e);
222 }
223 }
224 }
225
226
227 private static void ensureFinished() {
228 for (Thread thr : BLOCKED_THREADS) {
229 try {
230 thr.join(15_000);
231 } catch (InterruptedException e) {
232 throw new Error(e);
233 }
234 if (thr.isAlive()) {
235 dump(thr);
236 throw new AssertionError(thr + ": still blocked");
237 }
238 }
239 for (Thread thr : BLOCKED_THREADS) {
240 if (THROW) {
241 if (!FAILED_THREADS.containsKey(thr)) {
242 throw new AssertionError(thr + ": exception not thrown");
243 }
244
245 Throwable ex = FAILED_THREADS.get(thr);
246 if (ex.getClass() != NoClassDefFoundError.class) {
247 throw new AssertionError(thr + ": wrong exception thrown", ex);
248 }
249 } else {
250 if (FAILED_THREADS.containsKey(thr)) {
251 Throwable ex = FAILED_THREADS.get(thr);
252 throw new AssertionError(thr + ": exception thrown", ex);
253 }
254 }
255 }
256 if (THROW) {
257 Asserts.assertEquals(BLOCKING_COUNTER.get(), 0);
258 } else {
259 Asserts.assertEquals(BLOCKING_COUNTER.get(), BLOCKING_ACTIONS.get());
260 }
261
262 dumpInfo();
263 }
264
265 interface TestCase0 {
266 void run(Runnable runnable);
267 }
268
269 interface TestCase1<T> {
270 void run(T arg, Runnable runnable);
271 }
272
273 enum Phase { BEFORE_INIT, IN_PROGRESS, FINISHED, INIT_FAILURE }
274
275 static volatile Phase phase = Phase.BEFORE_INIT;
276
277 static void changePhase(Phase newPhase) {
278 dumpInfo();
279
280 Phase oldPhase = phase;
281 switch (oldPhase) {
282 case BEFORE_INIT:
283 Asserts.assertEquals(NON_BLOCKING_ACTIONS.get(), 0);
284 Asserts.assertEquals(NON_BLOCKING_COUNTER.get(), 0);
285
286 Asserts.assertEquals(BLOCKING_ACTIONS.get(), 0);
287 Asserts.assertEquals(BLOCKING_COUNTER.get(), 0);
288 break;
289 case IN_PROGRESS:
290 Asserts.assertEquals(NON_BLOCKING_COUNTER.get(), NON_BLOCKING_ACTIONS.get());
291
292 Asserts.assertEquals(BLOCKING_COUNTER.get(), 0);
293 break;
294 default: throw new Error("wrong phase transition " + oldPhase);
295 }
296 phase = newPhase;
297 }
298
299 static void dumpInfo() {
300 System.out.println("Phase: " + phase);
301 System.out.println("Non-blocking actions: " + NON_BLOCKING_COUNTER.get() + " / " + NON_BLOCKING_ACTIONS.get());
302 System.out.println("Blocking actions: " + BLOCKING_COUNTER.get() + " / " + BLOCKING_ACTIONS.get());
303 }
304
305 static final Runnable NON_BLOCKING_WARMUP = () -> {
306 if (phase != Phase.IN_PROGRESS) {
307 throw new AssertionError("NON_BLOCKING: wrong phase: " + phase);
308 }
309 };
310
311 static Runnable disposableAction(final Phase validPhase, final AtomicInteger invocationCounter, final AtomicInteger actionCounter) {
312 actionCounter.incrementAndGet();
313
314 final AtomicBoolean cnt = new AtomicBoolean(false);
315 return () -> {
316 if (cnt.getAndSet(true)) {
317 throw new Error("repeated invocation");
318 }
319 invocationCounter.incrementAndGet();
320 if (phase != validPhase) {
321 throw new AssertionError("NON_BLOCKING: wrong phase: " + phase);
322 }
323 };
324 }
325
326 @FunctionalInterface
327 interface Factory<V> {
328 V get();
329 }
330
331 static final AtomicInteger NON_BLOCKING_COUNTER = new AtomicInteger(0);
332 static final AtomicInteger NON_BLOCKING_ACTIONS = new AtomicInteger(0);
333 static final Factory<Runnable> NON_BLOCKING = () -> disposableAction(phase, NON_BLOCKING_COUNTER, NON_BLOCKING_ACTIONS);
334
335 static final AtomicInteger BLOCKING_COUNTER = new AtomicInteger(0);
336 static final AtomicInteger BLOCKING_ACTIONS = new AtomicInteger(0);
337 static final Factory<Runnable> BLOCKING = () -> disposableAction(Phase.FINISHED, BLOCKING_COUNTER, BLOCKING_ACTIONS);
338
339 static void checkBlockingAction(TestCase0 r) {
340 switch (phase) {
341 case IN_PROGRESS: {
342 // Barrier during class initalization.
343 r.run(NON_BLOCKING.get()); // initializing thread
344 checkBlocked(ON_BLOCK, ON_FAILURE, r); // different thread
345 break;
346 }
347 case FINISHED: {
348 // No barrier after class initalization is over.
349 r.run(NON_BLOCKING.get()); // initializing thread
350 checkNotBlocked(r); // different thread
351 break;
352 }
353 case INIT_FAILURE: {
354 // Exception is thrown after class initialization failed.
355 TestCase0 test = action -> execute(NoClassDefFoundError.class, () -> r.run(action));
356
357 test.run(NON_BLOCKING.get()); // initializing thread
358 checkNotBlocked(test); // different thread
359 break;
360 }
361 default: throw new Error("wrong phase: " + phase);
362 }
363 }
364
365 static void checkNonBlockingAction(TestCase0 r) {
366 r.run(NON_BLOCKING.get()); // initializing thread
367 checkNotBlocked(r); // different thread
368 }
369
370 static <T> void checkNonBlockingAction(T recv, TestCase1<T> r) {
371 r.run(recv, NON_BLOCKING.get()); // initializing thread
372 checkNotBlocked((action) -> r.run(recv, action)); // different thread
373 }
374
375 static void checkFailingAction(TestCase0 r) {
376 r.run(NON_BLOCKING.get()); // initializing thread
377 checkNotBlocked(r); // different thread
378 }
379
380 static void triggerInitialization(Class<?> cls) {
381 try {
382 Class<?> loadedClass = Class.forName(cls.getName(), true, cls.getClassLoader());
383 if (loadedClass != cls) {
384 throw new Error("wrong class");
385 }
386 } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
387 throw new Error(e);
388 }
389 }
390
391 static void checkBlocked(Consumer<Thread> onBlockHandler, Thread.UncaughtExceptionHandler onException, TestCase0 r) {
392 Thread thr = new Thread(() -> {
393 try {
394 r.run(BLOCKING.get());
395 System.out.println("Thread " + Thread.currentThread() + ": Finished successfully");
396 } catch(Throwable e) {
397 System.out.println("Thread " + Thread.currentThread() + ": Exception thrown: " + e);
398 if (!THROW) {
399 e.printStackTrace();
400 }
401 throw e;
402 }
403 } );
404 thr.setUncaughtExceptionHandler(onException);
405
406 thr.start();
407 try {
408 thr.join(100);
409
410 dump(thr);
411 if (thr.isAlive()) {
412 onBlockHandler.accept(thr); // blocked
413 } else {
414 throw new AssertionError("not blocked");
415 }
416 } catch (InterruptedException e) {
417 throw new Error(e);
418 }
419 }
420
421 static void checkNotBlocked(TestCase0 r) {
422 final Thread thr = new Thread(() -> r.run(NON_BLOCKING.get()));
423 final Throwable[] ex = new Throwable[1];
424 thr.setUncaughtExceptionHandler((t, e) -> {
425 if (thr != t) {
426 ex[0] = new Error("wrong thread: " + thr + " vs " + t);
427 } else {
428 ex[0] = e;
429 }
430 });
431
432 thr.start();
433 try {
434 thr.join(15_000);
435 if (thr.isAlive()) {
436 dump(thr);
437 throw new AssertionError("blocked");
438 }
439 } catch (InterruptedException e) {
440 throw new Error(e);
441 }
442
443 if (ex[0] != null) {
444 throw new AssertionError("no exception expected", ex[0]);
445 }
446 }
447
448 static void maybeThrow() {
449 if (THROW) {
450 changePhase(Phase.INIT_FAILURE);
451 throw new RuntimeException("failed class initialization");
452 }
453 }
454
455 private static void dump(Thread thr) {
456 System.out.println("Thread: " + thr);
457 System.out.println("Thread state: " + thr.getState());
458 if (thr.isAlive()) {
459 for (StackTraceElement frame : thr.getStackTrace()) {
460 System.out.println(frame);
461 }
462 } else {
463 if (FAILED_THREADS.containsKey(thr)) {
464 System.out.println("Failed with an exception: ");
465 FAILED_THREADS.get(thr).toString();
466 } else {
467 System.out.println("Finished successfully");
468 }
469 }
470 }
471
472 public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
473 Test.run();
474 System.out.println("TEST PASSED");
475 }
476 }